Artykuły w czasopismach: „Bioactive Lactones”

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Shen, Ya-Ching, Kuang-Liang Lo, Yao Haur Kuo i Ashraf Taha Khalil. "Bioactive Sesquiterpene Lactones from Eupatorium Kiirunense". Natural Product Communications 1, nr 7 (lipiec 2006): 1934578X0600100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x0600100703.

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Four new sesquiterpene lactones, two heliangolides, one eudesmanolide and one germacranolide, were isolated by chromatographic fractionation of an acetone extract of Eupatorium kiirunense and named eupakirunsins F, G H and I (1–4). They were identified as 8β-(3-hydroxy-2-methylen-butanoyloxy)-1β,10α-epoxy-3α-hydroxy-6βH,7αH-heliang-4Z,11(13)-dien-6,12-olide (1), 8β-tigloyloxy-1β,10α-epoxy-3β,15-dihydroxy-6βH,7αH-heliang-4Z,11(13)-dien-6,12-olide (2), 8β-tigloyloxy-1 β,3β-dihydroxy-6βH,7αH-eudesman-4(15),11(13)-dien-6,12-olide (3) and 8βtigloyloxy-3βhydroxy-1β,10β-epoxy-14-oxo-6βH,7αH-germacra-4E,11(13)-dien-6,12-olide (4). The structures and the relative configurations of the new metabolites were elucidated through extensive spectral analysis and by comparison with known spectral data. Among the isolated compounds, 1 and 3 exhibited potent cytotoxicity against WiDr and MCF-7 human tumor cell lines.

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Bokić, Jelena, Jovana Kojić, Jelena Krulj, Lato Pezo, Vojislav Banjac, Vesna Tumbas Šaponjac, Vanja Travičić, Diego A. Moreno i Marija Bodroža-Solarov. "Bioactive, Mineral and Antioxidative Properties of Gluten-Free Chicory Supplemented Snack: Impact of Processing Conditions". Foods 11, nr 22 (17.11.2022): 3692. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11223692.

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This study aimed to investigate the impact of chicory root addition (20–40%) and extrusion conditions (moisture content from 16.3 to 22.5%, and screw speed from 500 to 900 rpm) on bioactive compounds content (inulin, sesquiterpene lactones, and polyphenols) of gluten-free rice snacks. Chicory root is considered a potential carrier of food bioactives, while extrusion may produce a wide range of functional snack products. The mineral profiles were determined in all of the obtained extrudates in terms of Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu contents, while antioxidative activity was established through reducing capacity, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) tests. Chicory root addition contributed to the improvement of bioactive compounds and mineral contents, as well as antioxidative activities in all of the investigated extrudates in comparison to the pure-rice control sample. An increase in moisture content raised sesquiterpene lactones and minerals, while high screw speeds positively affected polyphenols content. The achieved results showed the important impact of the extrusion conditions on the investigated parameters and promoted chicory root as an attractive food ingredient in gluten-free snack products with high bioactive value.

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Mandal, Sudip Kumar, Utsab Debnath, Amresh Kumar, Sabu Thomas, Subhash Chandra Mandal, Manabendra Dutta Choudhury i Partha Palit. "Natural Sesquiterpene Lactones in the Prevention and Treatment of Inflammatory Disorders and cancer: A Systematic Study of this Emerging Therapeutic Approach based on Chemical and Pharmacological Aspect". Letters in Drug Design & Discovery 17, nr 9 (11.09.2020): 1102–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570180817999200421144007.

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Background and Introduction: Sesquiterpene lactones are a class of secondary metabolite that contains sesquiterpenoids and lactone ring as pharmacophore moiety. A large group of bioactive secondary metabolites such as phytopharmaceuticals belong to this category. From the Asteraceae family-based medicinal plants, more than 5,000 sesquiterpene lactones have been reported so far. Sesquiterpene lactone-based pharmacophore moieties hold promise for broad-spectrum biological activities against cancer, inflammation, parasitic, bacterial, fungal, viral infection and other functional disorders. Moreover, these moiety based phytocompounds have been highlighted with a new dimension in the natural drug discovery program worldwide after the 2015 Medicine Nobel Prize achieved by the Artemisinin researchers. Objective: These bitter substances often contain an α, β-unsaturated-γ-lactone as a major structural backbone, which in recent studies has been explored to be associated with anti-tumor, cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory action. Recently, the use of sesquiterpene lactones as phytomedicine has been increased. This study will review the prospect of sesquiterpene lactones against inflammation and cancer. Methods: Hence, we emphasized on the different features of this moiety by incorporating its structural diversity on biological activities to explore structure-activity relationships (SAR) against inflammation and cancer. Results: How the dual mode of action such as anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer has been exhibitedby these phytopharmaceuticals will be forecasted in this study. Furthermore, the correlation of anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity executed by the sesquiterpene lactones for fruitful phytotherapy will also be revealed in the present review in the milieu of pharmacophore activity relation and pharmacodynamics study as well. Conclusion: So, these metabolites are paramount in phytopharmacological aspects. The present discussion on the future prospect of this moiety based on the reported literature could be a guide for anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer drug discovery programs for the upcoming researchers.

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Yang, Sien-Sing, Guei-Jane Wang, Kuo-Fang Cheng, Chu-Huang Chen, Yu-Ming Ju, Ya-Jing Tsau i Tzong-Huei Lee. "Bioactive γ-Lactones from the Fermented Broth ofNeosartoryasp." Planta Medica 76, nr 15 (5.05.2010): 1701–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1249907.

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Bai, Lu, Mi Jiang, Sen Guo, Qingchao Liu, Xinxin Zhang, Xiao Tian, Li Zhang, Chi-Tang Ho i Naisheng Bai. "Simultaneous quantification of six sesquiterpene lactones and a flavonoid in the whole life stage of Inula salsoloides by high performance liquid chromatography". Analytical Methods 8, nr 17 (2016): 3587–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ay00257a.

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Stojanović, Milica, Slađana Savić, Abigaël Delcourt, Jean-Louis Hilbert, Philippe Hance, Jelena Dragišić Maksimović i Vuk Maksimović. "Phenolics and Sesquiterpene Lactones Profile of Red and Green Lettuce: Combined Effect of Cultivar, Microbiological Fertiliser, and Season". Plants 12, nr 14 (11.07.2023): 2616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12142616.

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The main goal of our study was to find an optimal combination of tested factors to achieve lettuce rich in bioactive compounds sustaining its pleasant taste. We examined three red and three green cultivars in a greenhouse using two microbiological fertilisers (EM Aktiv and Vital Tricho), and their combination. Plants were grown in three consecutive growing seasons (autumn, winter, and spring). Lactones accumulated in autumn, whereas phenolics’ concentration rose during winter. Red cultivars showed higher phenolics and lactone content, where chicoric acid and luteolin-7-glucoside were the most abundant in the ‘Gaugin’ winter trial. Lactucopicrin was the predominant lactone among tested cultivars with the highest value in the red cultivar ‘Carmesi’. Solely applicated, the fertiliser EM Aktiv and Vital Tricho led to significantly higher phenolic acid and dihydrolactucopicrin content, while combined, there were notably increased levels of all detected lactones. Application of single fertilisers had no effect on flavonoid content, while the combination even reduced it. A sensory analysis showed a negative correlation between overall taste and total sesquiterpene lactones, lactucopicrin, caffeoylmalic, and chlorogenic acid, indicating a less bitter taste with decreasing content of these compounds. Our findings indicate that the cultivar, fertiliser, and growing season jointly affected all of the tested parameters, highlighting the differences in the application of EM Aktiv, Vital Tricho, and their combination.

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Maksymiak, Magdalena, Tomasz Bałakier, Janusz Jurczak, Marek Kowalczuk i Grazyna Adamus. "Bioactive (co)oligoesters with antioxidant properties – synthesis and structural characterization at the molecular level". RSC Advances 6, nr 62 (2016): 57751–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra09870c.

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Erasto, P., D. S. Grierson i A. J. Afolayan. "Bioactive sesquiterpene lactones from the leaves of Vernonia amygdalina". Journal of Ethnopharmacology 106, nr 1 (czerwiec 2006): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2005.12.016.

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Lu, X., G. Zhu, Z. Wang, S. Ma, J. Ji i Z. Zhang. "Enyne cyclization methodology for the synthesis of bioactive lactones". Pure and Applied Chemistry 69, nr 3 (1.01.1997): 553–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac199769030553.

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Ren, Qiao, Shaofa Sun, Jiayao Huang, Wenjun Li, Minghu Wu, Haibing Guo i Jian Wang. "An enantioselective cascade reaction between α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and malonic half-thioesters: a rapid access to chiral δ-lactones". Chem. Commun. 50, nr 46 (2014): 6137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cc01736f.

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Chiral saturated δ-lactones, ubiquitous bioactive O-heterocycles in nature, are readily prepared via a direct enantioselective decarboxylation of α,β-unsaturated carbonyls and malonic half-thioesters.

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Reda, Eman H., Nesrine M. Hegazi, Mona Marzouk, Zienab T. Abdel Shakour, Ali M. El-Halawany, El-Sayeda A. El-Kashoury, Tarik A. Mohamed i in. "Feature-Based Molecular Networking for the Exploration of the Metabolome Diversity of Common Egyptian Centaurea Species in Relation to Their Cytotoxic Activity". Molecules 28, nr 2 (9.01.2023): 674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28020674.

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Centaurea is a genus compromising over 250 herbaceous flowering species and is used traditionally to treat several ailments. Among the Egyptian Centaurea species, C. lipii was reported to be cytotoxic against multidrug-resistant cancer cells. In this context, we aimed to explore the metabolome of C. lipii and compare it to other members of the genus in pursuance of identifying its bioactive principles. An LC-MS/MS analysis approach synchronized with feature-based molecular networks was adopted to offer a holistic overview of the metabolome diversity of the Egyptian Centaurea species. The studied plants included C. alexandrina, C. calcitrapa, C. eryngioides, C. glomerata, C. lipii, C. pallescens, C. pumilio, and C. scoparia. Their constitutive metabolome showed diverse chemical classes such as cinnamic acids, sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoids, and lignans. Linking the recorded metabolome to the previously reported cytotoxicity identified sesquiterpene lactones as the major contributors to this activity. To confirm our findings, bioassay-guided fractionation of C. lipii was adopted and led to the isolation of the sesquiterpene lactone cynaropicrin with an IC50 of 1.817 µM against the CCRF-CEM leukemia cell line. The adopted methodology highlighted the uniqueness of the constitutive metabolome of C. lipii and determined the sesquiterpene lactones to be the responsible cytotoxic metabolites.

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Li, Chao, Alexander X. Jones i Xiaoguang Lei. "Synthesis and mode of action of oligomeric sesquiterpene lactones". Natural Product Reports 33, nr 5 (2016): 602–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5np00089k.

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In this highlight we describe two case studies from our laboratory, involving the biomimetic syntheses and the biological mechanism elucidation of the bioactive oligomeric sesquiterpenoids, (+)-ainsliadimer A (4) and (−)-ainsliatrimer A (5).

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Kim, Dae Yong, i Bu Young Choi. "Costunolide—A Bioactive Sesquiterpene Lactone with Diverse Therapeutic Potential". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, nr 12 (14.06.2019): 2926. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20122926.

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Sesquiterpene lactones constitute a major class of bioactive natural products. One of the naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactones is costunolide, which has been extensively investigated for a wide range of biological activities. Multiple lines of preclinical studies have reported that the compound possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, bone remodeling, neuroprotective, hair growth promoting, anticancer, and antidiabetic properties. Many of these bioactivities are supported by mechanistic details, such as the modulation of various intracellular signaling pathways involved in precipitating tissue inflammation, tumor growth and progression, bone loss, and neurodegeneration. The key molecular targets of costunolide include, but are not limited to, intracellular kinases, such as mitogen-activated protein kinases, Akt kinase, telomerase, cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases, and redox-regulated transcription factors, such as nuclear factor-kappaB, signal transducer and activator of transcription, activator protein-1. The compound also diminished the production and/expression of proinflammatory mediators, such as cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitric oxide, prostaglandins, and cytokines. This review provides an overview of the therapeutic potential of costunolide in the management of various diseases and their underlying mechanisms.

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Bai, Meng, Guo-Lei Huang, Rong-Qing Mei, Bin Wang, You-Ping Luo, Xu-Hua Nong, Guang-Ying Chen i Cai-Juan Zheng. "Bioactive Lactones from the Mangrove-Derived Fungus Penicillium sp. TGM112". Marine Drugs 17, nr 8 (24.07.2019): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md17080433.

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Three new lactones penicilactones A−C (1−3) were obtained from the mangrove-derived fungus Penicillium sp. TGM112. Their structures and absolute configurations were determined by detailed NMR, MS spectroscopic data, Mo2(OAc)4-induced electronic circular dichroism (ECD), and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Compound 1 showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with an MIC value of 6.25 μg/mL. Compound 2 showed insecticidal activity against newly hatched larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus with the LC50 value of 78.5 (±0.58) μg/mL.

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Sultana, N., A. J. Afolayan i P. J. Houghton. "Bioactive sesquiterpene lactones isolated from the shoots of Arctotis arctotoides". South African Journal of Botany 69, nr 2 (lipiec 2003): 158–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0254-6299(15)30339-2.

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Youn, Ui Joung, Gabriella Miklossy, Xingyun Chai, Supakit Wongwiwatthananukit, Onoomar Toyama, Thanapat Songsak, James Turkson i Leng Chee Chang. "Bioactive sesquiterpene lactones and other compounds isolated from Vernonia cinerea". Fitoterapia 93 (marzec 2014): 194–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2013.12.013.

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Xiao, Jian, Guangming Nan, Ya-Wen Wang i Yu Peng. "Concise Synthesis of (+)-β- and γ-Apopicropodophyllins, and Dehydrodesoxypodophyllotoxin". Molecules 23, nr 11 (21.11.2018): 3037. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23113037.

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Herein, we present an expeditous synthesis of bioactive aryldihydronaphthalene lignans (+)-β- and γ-apopicropodophyllins, and arylnaphthalene lignan dehydrodesoxypodophyllotoxin. The key reaction is regiocontrolled oxidations of stereodivergent aryltetralin lactones, which were easily accessed from a nickel-catalyzed reductive cascade approach developed in our group.

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Rocchetti, Gabriele, Luigi Lucini, Giandomenico Corrado, Giuseppe Colla, Mariateresa Cardarelli, Stefania De Pascale i Youssef Rouphael. "Phytochemical Profile, Mineral Content, and Bioactive Compounds in Leaves of Seed-Propagated Artichoke Hybrid Cultivars". Molecules 25, nr 17 (20.08.2020): 3795. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25173795.

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The globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus L. subsp. Scolymus (L.) Hegi) is a multi-year species rich in various classes of phytochemicals with known nutritional and pharmacological properties, such as polyphenols, sesquiterpene lactones, and terpenoids. Over the last decade, hybrids cultivars are transforming the artichoke market for their higher uniformity and stability over the traditional landraces, further increasing the potential of the artichoke as a source of commercial extracts and bioactive molecules. Our aim was to investigate the mineral and phytochemical profiles of leaves from seven seed-propagated hybrids by using an untargeted metabolomic approach based on ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Metabolomics identified several compounds in the tested varieties, namely 98 polyphenols, 123 sesquiterpene lactones, and 221 other metabolites. The phenolic content ranged from 3.01 mg Eq./g fw (for ‘Opera’) to 4.71 mg Eq./g fw (for ‘Opal’). Sesquiterpene lactones were, on average, 2.11 mg Eq./g fw. Multivariate statistics (HCA, PCA and OPLS-DA) highlighted the main metabolomics differences among cultivars, which weakly correlated with their agronomic classification. The seven cultivars showed distinctive metabolomics profiles, with ‘Opal’ and ‘Istar’ being the most valuable hybrids. The 3-hydroxyphenyl-valeric acid (a medium-chain fatty acid) and the 6-Gingesulfonic acid (a methoxyphenol) were the most discriminant markers. Our findings illustrated the quantitative and qualitative variation of several classes of phytochemicals in seed-propagated artichoke cultivars and allowed identifying distinctive metabolic signatures for both phenolic compounds and sesquiterpene lactones. This work supports the exploitation of the artichoke leaves from hybrid cultivars as a rich source of bioactive phytochemicals.

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Phan, Minh Giang, Thi Thao Do, Thi Nga Nguyen, Thi Viet Huong Do, Ngoc Phuc Dong i Minh Trang Vu. "Chemical Constituents of Eupatorium japonicum and Anti-Inflammatory, Cytotoxic, and Apoptotic Activities of Eupatoriopicrin on Cancer Stem Cells". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2021 (18.05.2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6610347.

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Eupatorium japonicum Thunb. of the plant family Asteraceae is a popular traditional herb in Vietnam. However, its chemical constituents as well as bioactive principles have not been investigated yet. We investigated the phytochemistry of E. japonicum in Vietnam and isolated seventeen compounds (1–17) including phytosterols, terpenoids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, fatty alcohols, and fatty acids. They were structurally determined by MS and NMR analysis. Except for compounds 6 and 12, all the other compounds were identified for the first time from E. japonicum. Since many sesquiterpene lactones with α-methylene γ-lactone ring are reported as anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents, eupatoriopicrin (10), 1-hydroxy-8-(4,5-dihydroxytigloyloxy)eudesma-4(15),11(13)-dien-6,12-olide (11) were selected among the isolates for biological assays. Compound 10 was identified as the main bioactive sesquiterpene lactone of E. japonicum showing its potent anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity through inhibiting NO production and the growth of HepG2 and MCF-7 human cancer cell lines. For the first time, eupatoriopicrin (10) was demonstrated to strongly inhibit NTERA-2 human cancer stem cell (CSC) line in vitro. It is noticeable that the cytotoxicity of eupatoriopicrin against NTERA-2 cells is mediated by its apoptosis-inducing capability of 10 as demonstrated by the results of Hoechst 33342 staining, flow cytometry apoptosis analysis, and caspase-3 activity assays. The biological activities of the main bioactive constituents 1–7, 10, 12, and 15 supported the reported anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties of extracts from E. japonicum.

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Zhang, Mengke, Xi Yang, Yanzhang Wei, Marisa Wall, Thanapat Songsak, Supakit Wongwiwatthananukit i Leng Chee Chang. "Bioactive Sesquiterpene Lactones Isolated from the Whole Plants of Vernonia cinerea". Journal of Natural Products 82, nr 8 (14.08.2019): 2124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b01078.

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Zhang, Sheng, Fei Lian, Mengyu Xue, Tengteng Qin, Lijun Li, Xu Zhang i Kun Xu. "Electrocatalytic Dehydrogenative Esterification of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids: Access to Bioactive Lactones". Organic Letters 19, nr 24 (29.11.2017): 6622–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03333.

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LU, X., S. MA, J. JI, G. ZHU, Z. WAN i Z. ZHANG. "ChemInform Abstract: Enyne Cyclization Methodology for the Synthesis of Bioactive Lactones". ChemInform 28, nr 25 (3.08.2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199725290.

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LU, X., G. ZHU, Z. WANG, S. MA, J. JI i Z. ZHANG. "ChemInform Abstract: Enyne Cyclization Methodology for the Synthesis of Bioactive Lactones". ChemInform 28, nr 28 (3.08.2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199728251.

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Goossens, Laurence, Omar Castillo-Aguilera, Patrick Depreux, Alexia Ballée, Florian Beaurain i Paola B. Arimondo. "Study of the Effect of Substituents of ortho-Phenylenediamines in the Opening of Lactones and Lactams for Access to Benzimidazol-2-yl Alkanols and Benzimidazol-2-yl Alkylamines". Synlett 31, nr 12 (15.05.2020): 1216–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1707112.

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Benzimidazoles represent common chemical moieties in bioactive compounds. The synthesis of this heterocycle often involves a condensation of an ortho-phenylenediamine with a carboxylic acid derivative. The observed dialkylation of the starting ortho-phenylenediamine is avoided by opening of lactones or lactams. This strategy can directly yield 1H-benzimidazoles substituted at the 2-position by a functionalized chain. We present herein a study of the effect of different electron-withdrawing or electron-donating groups at the 4-position of ortho-phenylenediamines on the opening of lactones or lactams to synthesize benzimidazol-2-yl alkanols and benzimidazol-2-yl alkylamines.

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Kebbi, Sara, Maria Letizia Ciavatta, Ali Mokhtar Mahmoud, Marianna Carbone, Alessia Ligresti, Ramdane Seghiri i Margherita Gavagnin. "Sesquiterpene Lactones with the 12,8-Guaianolide Skeleton from Algerian Centaurea omphalotricha". Biomolecules 11, nr 7 (18.07.2021): 1053. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11071053.

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In continuing our investigation on the chemical diversity of Algerian plants, we examined Centaurea omphalotricha, whose chemical composition has been poorly studied. The present work was aimed at characterizing the secondary metabolite pattern of the CHCl3 extract of the aerial parts of this plant that displayed antiproliferative properties in a preliminary screening on HeLa cell line. The chemical analysis led us to characterize the bioactive oxygenated terpenoid fraction which includes, within major known metabolites, two new minor sesquiterpene lactones, centaurolide-A (1) and centaurolide-B (2). The structures of two compounds exhibiting the 12,8-guaianolide skeleton were determined by spectroscopic methods as well as by chemical correlation with inuviscolide (3), a well-known bioactive guaianolide isolated from Dittrichia (=Inula) viscosa. Centaurolides A and B represent the first report of 8,12-guaianolide skeleton in Centaurea genus. The effect of new compounds 1 and 2 and inuviscolide (3) on HeLa cell has also been evaluated.

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Jürgens, Franziska M., Fabian C. Herrmann, Sara M. Robledo i Thomas J. Schmidt. "Dermal Absorption of Sesquiterpene Lactones from Arnica Tincture". Pharmaceutics 14, nr 4 (29.03.2022): 742. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14040742.

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Arnica tincture is a traditional herbal medicine used to treat blunt injuries, e.g., bruises and squeezes. In addition, a potential new use in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis is currently under investigation. Therefore, detailed information about the dermal absorption of the tincture and especially its bioactive constituents, sesquiterpene lactones (STLs) of the helenalin- and 11α,13-dihydrohelenalin type, is mandatory. Consequently, this article reports on dermal absorption studies of Arnica tincture using diffusion cells and porcine skin as well as two human skin samples with different permeability. The amounts of STLs on the skin surfaces, in skin extracts and in the receptor fluids were quantified by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). It was found that Arnica STLs permeated into the receptor fluid already 4 h after the application, but the amount was rather low. Within 48 h, a maximum of 8.4%, 14.6% and 36.4% of STLs permeated through porcine skin, human skin A (trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) = 11.518 g·m−2·h−1) and the more permeable human skin B (TEWL = 17.271 g·m−2·h−1), respectively. The majority of STLs was absorbed (penetrated into the skin; 97.6%, 97.8% and 99.3%) after 48 h but a huge portion could not be extracted from skin and is expected to be irreversibly bound to skin proteins. To better visualize the analytes in different skin layers, a fluorescence-labeled STL, helenalin 3,4-dimethoxycinnamate, was synthesized. Fluorescence microscopic images depict an accumulation of the fluorescent derivative in the epidermis. For the treatment of local, cutaneous complaints, an enrichment of the bioactive substances in the skin may be considered beneficial.

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Sülsen, Valeria P. "Sesquiterpene Lactones and Diterpenes: Promising Therapeutic Candidates for Infectious Diseases, Neoplasms and Other Chronic Disorders". Molecules 26, nr 5 (26.02.2021): 1251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26051251.

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Sriramaneni, RaghavaN, Amirin Sadikun, NaveenKumar Hawala Shivashekaregowda, Annegowda Venkatappa i MohamadZaini Asmawi. "Identification of bioactive diterpenoid lactones using nuclear magnetic resonance from Andrographis paniculata". Pharmacognosy Research 11, nr 2 (2019): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/pr.pr_117_18.

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Häkkinen, Suvi T., Marina Soković, Liisa Nohynek, Ana Ćirić, Marija Ivanov, Dejan Stojković, Irina Tsitko i in. "Chicory Extracts and Sesquiterpene Lactones Show Potent Activity against Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens". Pharmaceuticals 14, nr 9 (20.09.2021): 941. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph14090941.

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Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) is an important industrial crop cultivated mainly to extract the dietary fiber inulin. However, chicory also contains bioactive compounds such as sesquiterpene lactones and certain polyphenols, which are currently discarded as waste. Plants are an important source of active pharmaceutical ingredients, including novel antimicrobials that are urgently needed due to the global spread of drug-resistant bacteria and fungi. Here, we tested different extracts of chicory for a range of bioactivities, including antimicrobial, antifungal and cytotoxicity assays. Antibacterial and antifungal activities were generally more potent in ethyl acetate extracts compared to water extracts, whereas supercritical fluid extracts showed the broadest range of bioactivities in our assays. Remarkably, the chicory supercritical fluid extract and a purified fraction thereof inhibited both methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and ampicillin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa IBRS P001. Chicory extracts also showed higher antibiofilm activity against the yeast Candida albicans than standard sesquiterpene lactone compounds. The cytotoxicity of the extracts was generally low. Our results may thus lead to the development of novel antibacterial and antifungal preparations that are both effective and safe for human use.

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Lin, Y., K. Lou, G. Wu, X. Wu, X. Zhou, Y. Feng, H. Zhang i Ping Yu. "Bioactive metabolites in of Ginkgo biloba leaves: variations by seasonal, meteorological and soil". Brazilian Journal of Biology 80, nr 4 (grudzień 2020): 790–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.220519.

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Abstract Ginkgo biloba is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine containing multiple components that contribute to its notable bioactivities. Variations of seasonal, meteorological and planting soil on the phytochemicals contents in G. biloba leaves due to the effects of growth meteorological and soil parameters were investigated in this study. The leaves of G. biloba were collected from different months and place in Zhejiang province, the contents of flavones (quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin) and terpene lactones (bilobalide, ginkgolides A, B and C) were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) method. The established methods were validated with good linearity, precision, repeatability, stability, and recovery. Comprehensive analysis suggested the proper harvest time for G. biloba was in October of Zhejiang province. The result of correlation analysis with meteorological factors shows that the temperature and precipitation have non-significant effect on the main components of G. biloba. In addition, the type and content (Mn and Zn) of the soil showed significantly effect on the content of flavonoids and terpene lactones. This study enriched the knowledge on the development and utilization value of the G. biloba leaves and was useful for determining the optimal harvest time and growing condition.

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Ivanescu, Bianca, Cristina Lungu, Laurian Vlase, Ana Maria Gheldiu, Cristina Grigorescu i Andreia Corciova. "Bioactive Compounds from Artemisia campestris L. Subsp. Campestris". Revista de Chimie 69, nr 11 (15.12.2018): 3076–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.11.6686.

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Artemisia campestris L. (field wormwood) is a known medicinal plant used mainly in Asian medicine and most often overlooked in the western world, despite its cosmopolitan distribution. The aim of this study was to investigate the phytochemical composition of A. campestris from Romanian spontaneous flora in order to determine the bioactive molecules and to assess the antioxidant effect of the plant extract. For this purpose, we applied LC-MS methods for the analysis of phytosterols and polyphenols and developed new methods for the analysis of methoxylated flavones and sesquiterpene lactones, specific compounds in Artemisia genus. The paper is the first to report the concentration of these compounds in the indigenous plant and also to identify some new compounds, previously not reported in this species, such as eupatorin, casticin, and acacetin. The plant extract showed significant antioxidant activity in both radical scavenging and reducing power assay, well correlated with the polyphenolic profile.

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Singh, Meenakshi, V. Ravichandiran, Yogesh P. Bharitkar i Abhijit Hazra. "Natural Products Containing Olefinic Bond: Important Substrates for Semi-synthetic Modification Towards Value Addition". Current Organic Chemistry 24, nr 7 (3.06.2020): 709–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272824666200312125734.

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: Semi-synthesis, the way of preparing novel bioactive molecules via modification of compounds isolated from natural sources is very much useful nowadays in the drug discovery process. The modification is based on the reaction of functional group(s) present in a natural compound. Among the examples of functional group transformation, double bond modification is also common in the literature. Several reactions like hydrogenation, cyclopropanation, epoxidation, addition reaction (halogenations, hydroxylation), Michael addition, Heck reaction, cycloaddition, dipolar cycloaddition, etc. are employed for this purpose. In this review, we have tried to gather the reactions performed with several double bond containing classes of natural products like diterpenes, xanthones, sesquiterpene exomethylene lactones, diaryl heptanoids, steroidal lactones, triterpenoids, limonoids, and alkamides. Where available, the effects of transformations on the biological activities of the molecules are also mentioned.

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Ingallina, Cinzia, Giacomo Di Matteo, Mattia Spano, Erica Acciaro, Enio Campiglia, Luisa Mannina i Anatoly Petrovich Sobolev. "Byproducts of Globe Artichoke and Cauliflower Production as a New Source of Bioactive Compounds in the Green Economy Perspective: An NMR Study". Molecules 28, nr 3 (31.01.2023): 1363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28031363.

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The recovery of bioactive compounds from crop byproducts leads to a new perspective way of waste reutilization as a part of the circular economy. The present study aimed at an exhaustive metabolite profile characterization of globe artichoke and cauliflower byproducts (leaves, stalks, and florets for cauliflower only) as a prerequisite for their valorization and future implementations. The metabolite profile of aqueous and organic extracts of byproducts was analyzed using the NMR-based metabolomics approach. Free amino acids, organic acids, sugars, polyols, polyphenols, amines, glucosinolates, fatty acids, phospho- and galactolipids, sterols, and sesquiterpene lactones were identified and quantified. In particular, globe artichoke byproducts are a source of health-beneficial compounds including chiro-inositol (up to 10.1 mg/g), scyllo-inositol (up to 1.8 mg/g), sesquiterpene lactones (cynaropicrin, grosheimin, dehydrocynaropicrin, up to 45.5 mg/g in total), inulins, and chlorogenic acid (up to 7.5 mg/g), whereas cauliflower byproducts enclose bioactive sulfur-containing compounds S-methyl-L-cysteine S-oxide (methiin, up to 20.7 mg/g) and glucosinolates. A variable content of all metabolites was observed depending on the crop type (globe artichoke vs. cauliflower) and the plant part (leaves vs. stalks). The results here reported can be potentially used in different ways, including the formulation of new plant biostimulants and food supplements.

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Engels, Nora S., Barbara Gierlikowska, Birgit Waltenberger, Fang-Rong Chang, Anna K. Kiss i Hermann Stuppner. "A New Diterpene and Anti-inflammatory Sesquiterpene Lactones from Sigesbeckia orientalis". Planta Medica 86, nr 15 (21.09.2020): 1108–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1232-6869.

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Abstract Sigesbeckia orientalis, more commonly referred to as Herba Sigesbeckiae or Xi Xian Cao in traditional Chinese medicine and hy thiêm in traditional Vietnamese medicine, is used in China and Vietnam to treat inflammatory diseases such as arthritis, rheumatism, and joint pain. In initial investigations, the dichloromethane extract from the aerial parts of S. orientalis showed distinct inhibitory effects on the release of interleukin-8 in human neutrophils. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was the phytochemical investigation of the bioactive dichloromethane extract and the in vitro analysis of the effects of the isolated compounds on interleukin-8, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 release, and surface expression of adhesion molecules (CD11a, CD11b, and CD62L) in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human neutrophils to identify the active principle(s). The separation of the bioactive dichloromethane extract using various chromatographic techniques led to the isolation of nine compounds. Their chemical structures were elucidated from nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry data. One diterpene, 17(13 → 14)-abeo-ent-3S*,13S*,16-trihydroxystrob-8(15)-ene, was identified as a new natural product. Three germacranolide sesquiterpene lactones inhibited interleukin-8 production with IC50 values between 1.6 and 6.3 µM, respectively, and tumor necrosis factor-α production with IC50 values between 0.9 and 3.3 µM, respectively. Furthermore, they significantly inhibited interleukin-1β and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 production and diminished the effects of lipopolysaccharide on the surface expression of the adhesion molecules CD11a, CD11b, and CD62L. These findings support the traditional use of S. orientalis in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

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Hordiei, Karyna, Tetiana Gontova, Sonata Trumbeckaite, Maksym Yaremenko i Lina Raudone. "Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Tanacetum parthenium Cultivated in Different Regions of Ukraine: Insights into the Flavonoids and Hydroxycinnamic Acids Profile". Plants 12, nr 16 (14.08.2023): 2940. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12162940.

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Tanacetum parthenium, also known as feverfew, is rich in bioactive compounds, namely sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoids, and volatile oils. Sesquiterpene lactones possess anti-migraine activity, while phenolic compounds possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant action. Phytochemical composition determines the pharmacological activity and so profiling is essential in quality assessment. The study aimed to evaluate cultivated feverfew plants’ phenolic profiles and antioxidant activity. Eleven phenolic compounds were identified in the samples of feverfew in Ukraine. Hydroxycinnamic acids predominate in the quantitative content of all the samples, namely chlorogenic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid and 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid. The total content of flavonoids ranged from 0.8 to 2.6%; the content of hydroxycinnamic acids varied from 3.3 to 6.5%. The obtained data testify to the prospects of using Ukrainian feverfew as a raw material with a significant content of phenolic substances to develop new herbal medicines.

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Matos, Melanie S., José D. Anastácio i Cláudia Nunes dos Santos. "Sesquiterpene Lactones: Promising Natural Compounds to Fight Inflammation". Pharmaceutics 13, nr 7 (30.06.2021): 991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13070991.

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Inflammation is a crucial and complex process that reestablishes the physiological state after a noxious stimulus. In pathological conditions the inflammatory state may persist, leading to chronic inflammation and causing tissue damage. Sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) are composed of a large and diverse group of highly bioactive plant secondary metabolites, characterized by a 15-carbon backbone structure. In recent years, the interest in SLs has risen due to their vast array of biological activities beneficial for human health. The anti-inflammatory potential of these compounds results from their ability to target and inhibit various key pro-inflammatory molecules enrolled in diverse inflammatory pathways, and prevent or reduce the inflammatory damage on tissues. Research on the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of SLs has thrived over the last years, and numerous compounds from diverse plants have been studied, using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo assays. Besides their anti-inflammatory potential, their cytotoxicity, structure–activity relationships, and pharmacokinetics have been investigated. This review aims to gather the most relevant results and insights concerning the anti-inflammatory potential of SL-rich extracts and pure SLs, focusing on their effects in different inflammatory pathways and on different molecular players.

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Niego, Allen Grace, Olivier Raspé, Naritsada Thongklang, Rawiwan Charoensup, Saisamorn Lumyong, Marc Stadler i Kevin D. Hyde. "Taxonomy, Diversity and Cultivation of the Oudemansielloid/Xeruloid Taxa Hymenopellis, Mucidula, Oudemansiella, and Xerula with Respect to Their Bioactivities: A Review". Journal of Fungi 7, nr 1 (13.01.2021): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7010051.

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The oudemansielloid/xeruloid taxa Hymenopellis, Mucidula, Oudemansiella, and Xerula are genera of Basidiomycota that constitute an important resource of bioactive compounds. Numerous studies have shown antimicrobial, anti-oxidative, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and other bioactivities of their extracts. The bioactive principles can be divided into two major groups: (a) hydrophilic polysaccharides with relatively high molecular weights and (b) low molecular medium polar secondary metabolites, such as the antifungal strobilurins. In this review, we summarize the state of the art on biodiversity, cultivation of the fungi and bioactivities of their secondary metabolites and discuss future applications. Although the strobilurins are well-documented, with commercial applications as agrochemical fungicides, there are also other known compounds from this group that have not yet been well-studied. Polysaccharides, dihydro-citrinone phenol A acid, scalusamides, and acetylenic lactones such as xerulin, also have potential applications in the nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and medicinal market and should be further explored. Further studies are recommended to isolate high quality bioactive compounds and fully understand their modes of action. Given that only few species of oudemansielloid/xeruloid mushrooms have been explored for their production of secondary metabolites, these taxa represent unexplored sources of potentially useful and novel bioactive metabolites.

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Kumar, Krishan, Rahul Mehra, Raquel P. F. Guiné, Maria João Lima, Naveen Kumar, Ravinder Kaushik, Naseer Ahmed, Ajar Nath Yadav i Harish Kumar. "Edible Mushrooms: A Comprehensive Review on Bioactive Compounds with Health Benefits and Processing Aspects". Foods 10, nr 12 (4.12.2021): 2996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10122996.

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Mushrooms are well-known functional foods due to the presence of a huge quantity of nutraceutical components. These are well recognized for their nutritional importance such as high protein, low fat, and low energy contents. These are rich in minerals such as iron, phosphorus, as well as in vitamins like riboflavin, thiamine, ergosterol, niacin, and ascorbic acid. They also contain bioactive constituents like secondary metabolites (terpenoids, acids, alkaloids, sesquiterpenes, polyphenolic compounds, lactones, sterols, nucleotide analogues, vitamins, and metal chelating agents) and polysaccharides chiefly β-glucans and glycoproteins. Due to the occurrence of biologically active substances, mushrooms can serve as hepatoprotective, immune-potentiating, anti-cancer, anti-viral, and hypocholesterolemic agents. They have great potential to prevent cardiovascular diseases due to their low fat and high fiber contents, as well as being foremost sources of natural antioxidants useful in reducing oxidative damages. However, mushrooms remained underutilized, despite their wide nutritional and bioactive potential. Novel green techniques are being explored for the extraction of bioactive components from edible mushrooms. The current review is intended to deliberate the nutraceutical potential of mushrooms, therapeutic properties, bioactive compounds, health benefits, and processing aspects of edible mushrooms for maintenance, and promotion of a healthy lifestyle.

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Cheng, Xiang-Rong, Wen-Hao Shao, Shou-De Zhang, Guo-Wei Wang, Lei Shan, Yun-Heng Shen, Qing-Yan Sun, Hui-Zi Jin i Wei-Dong Zhang. "Winolides A–C, bioactive sesquiterpene lactones with unusual 5,6-secoeudesmane frameworks from Inula wissmanniana". RSC Advances 4, nr 64 (21.07.2014): 33815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra05131a.

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Wang, Kai, Li Bao, Ke Ma, Wei Qi, Fuhang Song, Yijian Yao, Wenbing Yin i in. "Bioactive Spirobisnaphthalenes and Lactones from a Cup FungusPlectaniasp. Collected in the Tibet Plateau Region". European Journal of Organic Chemistry 2016, nr 25 (11.08.2016): 4338–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.201600562.

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Su, Miaoxian, Xia Wu, Hau Yin Chung, Yaolan Li i Wencai Ye. "Antiproliferative Activities of Five Chinese Medicinal Herbs and Active Compounds in Elephantopus scaber". Natural Product Communications 4, nr 8 (sierpień 2009): 1934578X0900400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x0900400802.

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Extracts and fractions prepared from five medicinal herbs used to treat cancer in Chinese folk medicine were tested for their antiproliferative activities on five cancer cell lines using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The MTT results revealed that the ethanolic extracts possessed stronger antiproliferative activities than the corresponding aqueous ones. The bioactive fractions of the ethanolic extracts were mostly found in n-hexane and/or ethyl acetate fractions, which by TLC analysis were shown to contain terpenes and/or phenolic compounds. The ethyl acetate fraction from the ethanolic extract of Elephantopus scaber showed the highest effect with IC50 values of less than 25 μg/mL on three susceptible cell lines, namely, PC-3 (human prostate carcinoma cell), CNE (human nasopharyngeal carcinoma epithelial cell) and HL-60 (human acute promyelocytic leukemia cell). Further isolation and analysis of this fraction led to the identification of three sesquiterpene lactones, two flavonoids and five triterpenes. MTT results showed that the sesquiterpene lactones were the most effective group with IC50 values ranging from 0.9 to 7.5 μM while the flavonoids possessed moderate to strong effect with IC50 values ranging from 17.3 to 42.6 μM. However, the triterpenes displayed weak effect with IC50 values larger than 50 μM. Among the active compounds, deoxyelephantopin, a sesquiterpene lactone, exhibited the strongest effect on the PC-3, CNE and HL-60 cells, with IC50 values of 4.6, 2.6 and 0.9 μM, respectively. Flow cytometric analysis showed that treatment with deoxyelephantopin caused subG-1 population augmentation in PC-3, CNE and HL-60 cells, suggesting apoptosis was induced in these cells.

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Silva, Luís R., Telma A. Jacinto i Paula Coutinho. "Bioactive Compounds from Cardoon as Health Promoters in Metabolic Disorders". Foods 11, nr 3 (25.01.2022): 336. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11030336.

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Cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) is a Mediterranean plant and member of the Asteraceae family that includes three botanical taxa, the wild perennial cardoon (C. cardunculus L. var. sylvestris (Lamk) Fiori), globe artichoke (C. cardunculus L. var. scolymus L. Fiori), and domesticated cardoon (C. cardunculus L. var. altilis DC.). Cardoon has been widely used in the Mediterranean diet and folk medicine since ancient times. Today, cardoon is recognized as a plant with great industrial potential and is considered as a functional food, with important nutritional value, being an interesting source of bioactive compounds, such as phenolics, minerals, inulin, fiber, and sesquiterpene lactones. These bioactive compounds have been vastly described in the literature, exhibiting a wide range of beneficial effects, such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, lipid-lowering, cytotoxic, antidiabetic, antihemorrhoidal, cardiotonic, and choleretic activity. In this review, an overview of the cardoon nutritional and phytochemical composition, as well as its biological potential, is provided, highlighting the main therapeutic effects of the different parts of the cardoon plant on metabolic disorders, specifically associated with hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, and antidiabetic activity.

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Sary, Hanan G., Nahla A. Ayoub, Abdel Nasser B. Singab, Mickey Vinodh i Khaled Y. Orabi. "ISOLATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM CENTAUREA AEGYPTIACA". International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, nr 4 (1.04.2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2018v10i4.17528.

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Objective: In a previous study, Centaurea aegyptiaca ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts showed potent cytotoxic effects against laryngeal (HEP2) and hepatic (HEPG2) carcinoma cell lines. Additionally, two novel compounds were isolated and identified. The aim of this study is to continue isolating and identifying another compound (s) that may, also, be responsible for this potent biological activity.Methods: C. aegyptiaca dried aerial parts were extracted with ethanol and ethyl acetate. Both extracts were chromatographed separately to afford seven guaianolides that were identified using different spectroscopic methods. Moreover, compounds 1-7 were evaluated for their cytotoxicity (IC50, µM) against HEP2 and HEPG2 cells in comparison to the normal fibroblasts (BHK) using sulforhodamine B assay. Doxorubicin was used as a positive control.Results: Seven sesquiterpene lactones, centaurepensin, also known as chlorohyssopifolin A (1), 8α-hydroxy-11α, 13-dihydrozaluzanin C (2), chlorohyssopifolin B (3), desacylcynaropicrin (4), chlorohyssopifolin C, acroptilin (5), subluteolide (6), and solstitiolide (7) were isolated from C. aegyptiaca extracts and identified. This is the first report on the occurrence of 2, 4, 5 and 6 in C. aegyptiaca. Compounds 1-4 and 6 exhibited selective cytotoxic effects against HEP2 and HEPG2 cells. However, compounds 1 and 7 showed the highest activities against HEP2 with IC50 values of 10.6±0.02 and 10.9±0.03 µM, respectively. Moreover, compound 3 was the most potent one against HEPG2 cells with IC50value of 13.8±0.05 µM.Conclusions: Chemical investigation of C. aegyptiaca ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts led to the isolation and identification of seven guaianolides. These compounds exhibited good cytotoxic activities against HEP2 and HEPG2 cell lines.

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Colonna, E., Y. Rouphael, G. Barbieri i S. De Pascale. "Microbial-based biostimulants modulate antioxidant activity, bioactive compounds and sesquiterpene lactones profile of globe artichoke". Acta Horticulturae, nr 1320 (sierpień 2021): 421–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2021.1320.56.

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Zhang, Xiao-Yan, Zhan-Liang Liu, Bing-Da Sun, Shu-Bin Niu, Meng-Hua Wang, Xiang-Mei Tan, Zhong-Mei Zou i Gang Ding. "Bioactive Resorcylic Acid Lactones with Different Ring Systems from Desert Plant Endophytic Fungus Chaetosphaeronema hispidulur". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 66, nr 34 (10.08.2018): 8976–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02648.

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Taler-Verčič, Ajda, Marko Goličnik i Aljoša Bavec. "The Structure and Function of Paraoxonase-1 and Its Comparison to Paraoxonase-2 and -3". Molecules 25, nr 24 (17.12.2020): 5980. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25245980.

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Serum paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is the most studied member of the group of paraoxonases (PONs). This enzyme possesses three enzymatic activities: lactonase, arylesterase, and paraoxonase activity. PON1 and its isoforms play an important role in drug metabolism as well as in the prevention of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Although all three members of the PON family have the same origin and very similar amino acid sequences, they have different functions and are found in different locations. PONs exhibit substrate promiscuity, and their true physiological substrates are still not known. However, possible substrates include homocysteine thiolactone, an analogue of natural quorum-sensing molecules, and the recently discovered derivatives of arachidonic acid—bioactive δ-lactones. Directed evolution, site-directed mutagenesis, and kinetic studies provide comprehensive insights into the active site and catalytic mechanism of PON1. However, there is still a whole world of mystery waiting to be discovered, which would elucidate the substrate promiscuity of a group of enzymes that are so similar in their evolution and sequence yet so distinct in their function.

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Wang, Yifei, Xiaowen Yang, Yanjing Li, Bo Wang i Ting Shi. "The Genus Chrysosporium: A Potential Producer of Natural Products". Fermentation 9, nr 1 (16.01.2023): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9010076.

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Chrysosporium, a genus of ascomycete fungi in the family Onygenaceae, has the ability to produce abundant new bioactive natural products, providing a structural foundation in drug development. This review includes the sources, distribution, biological activities and structural characteristics of the compounds isolated from Chrysosporium from 1984 to 2021. The results show that 66% of the compounds isolated from Chrysosporium are new natural products. More than half of the Chrysosporium-isolated compounds are from marine-derived Chrysosporium. The chemical structures of Chrysosporium-derived compounds have different skeletons, which are concentrated in alkaloids, polyketides, and lactones. Eighty percent of the natural products isolated from Chrysosporium have been found to have various biological activities, including cytotoxic, antibacterial, antifungal and enzyme-inhibitory activities. These results demonstrate the potential of Chrysosporium for producing new bioactive secondary metabolites, which can be used as the structural basis for developing new drugs.

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Moghadamtousi, Soheil Zorofchian, Muhamad Noor Alfarizal Kamarudin, Chim Kei Chan, Bey Hing Goh i Habsah Abdul Kadir. "Phytochemistry and Biology of Loranthus parasiticus Merr, a Commonly Used Herbal Medicine". American Journal of Chinese Medicine 42, nr 01 (styczeń 2014): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x14500025.

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Loranthus parasiticus Merr (L. parasiticus) is a member of Loranthaceae family and is an important medicinal plant with a long history of Chinese traditional use. L. parasiticus, also known as Sang Ji Sheng (in Chinese), benalu teh (in Malay) and baso-kisei (in Japanese), is a semiparasitic plant, which is mostly distributed in the southern and southwestern regions of China. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the ethnomedicinal use, phytochemistry and pharmacological activity of L. parasiticus and to highlight the needs for further investigation and greater global development of the plant's medicinal properties. To date, pharmacological studies have demonstrated significant biological activities, which support the traditional use of the plant as a neuroprotective, tranquilizing, anticancer, immunomodulatory, antiviral, diuretic and hypotensive agent. In addition, studies have identified antioxidative, antimutagenic, antiviral, antihepatotoxic and antinephrotoxic activity. The key bioactive constituents in L. parasiticus include coriaria lactone comprised of sesquiterpene lactones: coriamyrtin, tutin, corianin, and coriatin. In addition, two proanthocyanidins, namely, AC trimer and (+)-catechin, have been recently discovered as novel to L. parasiticus. L. parasiticus usefulness as a medicinal plant with current widespread traditional use warrants further research, clinical trials and product development to fully exploit its medicinal value.

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Bukvicki, Danka, Miroslav Novakovic, Tatjana Ilic-Tomic, Jasmina Nikodinovic-Runic, Nina Todorovic, Milan Veljic i Yoshinori Asakawa. "Biotransformation of Perrottetin F by Aspergillus niger: New Bioactive Secondary Metabolites". Records of Natural Products 15, nr 4 (17.04.2021): 281–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.25135/rnp.215.20.09.1812.

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Biotransformation of bis-bibenzyl perrottetin F (1), isolated from the liverwort Lunularia cruciata by Aspergillus niger, has been investigated. New metabolites (2-4) have been isolated using reversed phase semipreparative HPLC and their structures were established to be 8-hydroxyperrottetin F, C-7-C-8 cleaved product, and perrottetin F 6’-sulfate using 1D and 2D NMR, HR-ESI-MS, IR and UV spectroscopy. The antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of these compounds were also evaluated. Given the suggested cytotoxic properties of the parent compound, antiproliferative activity against healthy human lung fibroblasts (MRC5) and human lung carcinoma (A549) of three metabolites were evaluated revealing their lower cytotoxic properties in comparison to the starting compound - perrottetin F. The antimicrobial properties of these compounds were also evaluated, with the inhibitory activity against the Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and Staphylococcus aureus determined between 100 µM and 450 µM. The metabolites showed remarkable ability to inhibit synthesis of bacterial quorum-sensing signal molecules such as short chain acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs). Therefore, biotransformation method represents fast and effective tool for obtaining new bioactive structures.

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Chamoli, Madhusudan, V. K. Varshney, P. K. Srivastava, Rajiv Pandey i Rameshwar Dayal. "TLC-DENSITOMETRIC EVALUATION OF THREE MAJOR BIOACTIVE DITERPENE LACTONES IN ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA INTERCROPPED WITH MORUS ALBA". Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies 37, nr 16 (29.04.2014): 2258–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10826076.2013.830268.

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