Artykuły w czasopismach: „Bioaccumulation”

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Akhter, Kulsoom, Tahseen Ghous, Zain Ul-Abdin, Saiqa Andleeb, Muhammad Naeem Ahmed i Basharat Hussain. "Chromium bioaccumulation potential of Bacillus cereus isolated from rhizospheres of Tagetes minuta L." Bangladesh Journal of Botany 49, nr 1 (31.03.2020): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v49i1.49091.

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Two metal resistant Bacillus cereus strains (AVP12 and NC7401) isolated from metal polluted and nonpolluted rhizospheres of Tagetes minuta were examined for Cr(VI) bioaccumulation potential. It was found that the strains have potential to survive even at metal concentration of 300 mg/l. The per cent removal capacity of Cr(VI) by AVP12 and NC7401 strains was analyzed as a function of environmental factors including pH, incubation time and biosorbate concentration. The optimum pH was found to be 5 andwas selected for further studies. Both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were found suitable for description of Cr(VI) bioaccumulation. The maximum Cr(VI) bioaccumulation capacity by Bacillus cereus AVP12 and Bacillus cereus NC7401 strains isolated from polluted rhizosphere was 181.0 and 107.5 mg/l, respectively while maximum Cr(VI) bioaccumulation capacity by Bacillus cereus AVP12 and Bacillus cereus NC7401 strains isolated from non-polluted rhizosphere was 92.59 and 62.11 mg/l, respectively. Both types of rhizobacterial strains, especially isolated from metal polluted rhizospheres could serve as economical and ecofriendly bioaccumulating agents for removal of Cr(VI).

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Reemtsma, T., i N. Klinkow. "A strategy for the assessment of hazardous substances in industrial effluents (IDA)". Water Science and Technology 50, nr 5 (1.09.2004): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0309.

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A strategy for the assessment of industrial wastewater discharges with regard to the major hazard parameters toxicity, persistence and bioaccumulation is presented. The modular design of the strategy named IDA (Industrial Discharge Assessment) allows us to successively determine the three hazard parameters. Starting with the parameter toxicity biological tests for acute and chronic as well as genotoxicity are performed. Next persistence in the aquatic environment is simulated by a biological degradation test. A method based on solid-phase extraction was developed to cover the parameter bioaccumulation by determination of the amount of potentially bioaccumulating substances. The strategy was applied to real wastewater samples to test its applicability. In one of the investigated discharges toxic and persistent but no potentially bioaccumulating substances were found to be present. The strategy IDA is generally applicable and provides reasonable results to allow for a deeper insight into the hazard potential of an effluent.

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Ahmed, Abu Tweb Abu, Suman Mandal, Didarul Alam Chowdhury, Abu Rayhan M. Tareq i M. Mizanur Rahman. "Bioaccumulation of Some Heavy Metals in Ayre Fish (Sperata Aor Hamilton, 1822), Sediment and Water of Dhaleshwari River in Dry Season". Bangladesh Journal of Zoology 40, nr 1 (10.12.2012): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v40i1.12904.

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The present study was carried out to determine the level of bioaccumulation of some heavy metals in a freshwater fish Ayre (Sperata aor Hamilton, 1822) collected from Rajfulbaria (23°48?56.36? N and 90°14?54.04? E) of Dhaleshwari river. Four heavy metals, namely chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) were selected for this study. Metal concentrations were determined by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer after nitric acid digestion of samples. The concentrations of accumulated heavy metals in fish were also compared with the concentrations of metals in the sediments and waters of that river. The level of bioaccumulations in different organs of S. aor were determined separately and compared among them. Average bioaccumulation levels in S. aor were Cr: 1.458 mg/kg, Cu: 31.500 mg/kg, Pb: 18.776 mg/kg and Cd: 0.487 mg/kg of dry weight. The levels of heavy metals in sediments were Cr: 27.393 mg/kg, Cu: 37.450 mg/kg, Pb: 15.797 mg/kg and Cd: 2.083 mg/kg, and in water were Cr: 0.130 ppm, Cu: 0.000 ppm, Pb: 0.201 ppm and Cd: 0.001 ppm.The bioaccumulation of these four heavy metals in fish organs, sediment and water samples were also compared with FAO approved standard levels and other related studies, and found that the levels of bioaccumulation in the Dhaleshwari river exceeded all the standard levels. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v40i1.12904 Bangladesh J. Zool. 40(1):147-153, 2012

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Wnorowski, Aleksandra U. "Selection of Bacterial and Fungal Strains for Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solutions". Water Science and Technology 23, nr 1-3 (1.01.1991): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0429.

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Eighty strains of fungi and heterotrophic bacteria, isolated from natural water sources polluted with heavy metals, were tested for their bioaccumulation abilities. Metal-resistant strains were first selected in a preliminary step. Preselected cultures were then screened for gold, silver, nickel and cadmium uptake capabilities. A collection of bioaccumulating strains, consisting of 39 strains for the recovery of gold, 9 strains for silver, 28 for cadmium and 22 for nickel, has been established. All the strains selected were able to remove metals tested from diluted solutions (ca. 5 mg/l) to levels below 0.5 mg/l. The maximum uptake capacity of strains was determined in concentrated metal solutions (20 - 50 mg/l). Nine of the strains had saturation values of 100 mg/g dry weight or higher. The importance of pH in passive bioaccumulation process is discussed.

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Canonica, Laura, Grazia Cecchi, Vittorio Capra, Simone Di Piazza, Alessandro Girelli, Sandro Zappatore i Mirca Zotti. "Fungal Arsenic Tolerance and Bioaccumulation: Local Strains from Polluted Water vs. Allochthonous Strains". Environments 11, nr 1 (22.01.2024): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments11010023.

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The paper deals with the possible use of fungi to decontaminate polluted waters. Specifically, the focus is the selection of the most promising fungal strain capable of bioaccumulating arsenic, which is a globally widespread environmental contaminant. To this aim, allochthonous fungal strains from the ColD UNIGE JRU MIRRI strains collection were selected. Their capability to survive and accumulate this kind of pollutant was evaluated and compared with that of an autochthonous fungi set directly isolated from the arsenic polluted water. A preliminary screening at various concentrations of arsenic (0, 200, 400, 800, 1600 μg L−1) revealed that the best performing strains were Aspergillus niger and Penicillium expansum among the autochthonous strains and Aspergillus niger and Penicillium expansum among the allochthonous strains. Moreover, all the strains were subjected to bioaccumulation tests at a 1600 μg L−1 concentration. Local and allochthonous fungal strains showed different behaviors: the allochthonous strains grew rapidly and in a sustained way but without expressing any bioaccumulation activity. On the contrary, the indigenous fungi, despite a moderate growth, showed a good bioaccumulation capacity (in particular, Aspergillus niger). The results highlight the importance of employing native strains isolated from contaminated matrices to make a mycoremediation protocol more efficient.

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Campos, Bruno Galvão de, Denis Moledo de Souza Abessa i Roberto Martins. "Preliminary Findings on the Bioaccumulation and Marine Trophic Transfer of the Antifouling Biocide DCOIT in Soluble and Nanostructured Forms". Sustainability 16, nr 18 (13.09.2024): 7996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16187996.

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DCOIT (4,5-Dichloro-2-octylisothiazol-3(2H)-one) is a widely used antifouling biocide that emerged after the ban on tributyltin. It has been immobilized in nanostructured silica (SiNC–DCOIT) to reduce its hazard in maritime coatings. This study aimed to compare the bioaccumulation, trophic transfer, and biomagnification of DCOIT in its soluble and nanostructured forms on mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis, using three different uptake routes: aqueous exposure (i.e., contaminated seawater), dietary exposure (i.e., microalgae Tetraselmis chuii as a contaminated food), and both contaminated food and seawater. DCOIT was determined on water and tissues after 1, 3, and 24 h of uptake and after 72 h of depuration. Briefly, mussels were able to rapidly uptake and metabolize DCOIT and SiNC–DCOIT. Both compounds were non-bioaccumulative, as their bioconcentration and bioaccumulation factor values were lower than 2000. However, the predator–prey biomagnification factors indicated that both forms could be transferred across the trophic web. Therefore, while our findings provide further insight into the environmental risk assessment of DCOIT and SiNC–DCOIT, they do not rule out the possibility of long-term DCOIT bioaccumulation, particularly in areas with constant DCOIT influx. Further studies are thus needed using larger experimental designs and under continuous exposure scenarios to increase the sustainability of the innovative nanomaterial.

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El Boudammoussi, Mustapha, Yahya El Hammoudani, Khadija Haboubi, Lahcen Benaabidate, Iliass Achoukhi, Abdelaziz Touzani, Mohamed Moudou, Hatim Faiz i Fouad Dimane. "Assessment of Trace Metal Contamination in Bivalve, Mytilus galloprovincialis, By Bioconcentration Factor (BCF) in the Moroccan Mediterranean Coast Environment". BIO Web of Conferences 109 (2024): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202410901003.

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This study investigates the pollution of Morocco’s Mediterranean coastal zones by trace metals, highlighting its significance due to detrimental impacts on marine ecosystems and potential health risks through the food chain, exacerbated by the expansion of coastal areas in recent years. It focuses on measuring concentrations of trace metals such as copper, cadmium, lead, and chromium in the bivalve Mytilus galloprovincialis and surrounding seawater across three sites along the northern Moroccan Mediterranean coast. This research aims to evaluate metal bioaccumulation levels using the Biota Concentration Factor (BCF). Seawater samples were examined using both flame and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry, while bivalve tissue samples underwent analysis through Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry. Findings indicate that M. galloprovincialis significantly accumulates trace metals, with concentrations in descending order: Pb, Zn, Cr, Cu, and Cd. Conversely, the seawater metal concentration sequence was Zn, Cu, Cr, Cd, and Pb. The study applied BCF thresholds from Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (REACH) and the US EPA’s Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), categorizing metals as “bioaccumulative” (BCF between 1000 and 5000) and “very bioaccumulative” (BCF over 5000). This distribution provides insights into the toxicity and bioaccumulation of metals, underscoring the environmental and health implications for the marine ecosystem and species like M. galloprovincialis.

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Guha Roy, Aimee. "Metal bioaccumulation". Nature Sustainability 2, nr 10 (październik 2019): 902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41893-019-0408-x.

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Gewurtz, Sarah B., i Miriam L. Diamond. "Distribution and burdens of bioaccumulative contaminants in the Lake Erie food web: A review". Environmental Reviews 11, nr 3 (1.09.2003): 141–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/a03-014.

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The bioaccumulation of organic contaminants in the Lake Erie food web is reviewed in context of the numerous changes experienced by the system. In the late 1960s, internal lake processes, related to the eutrophic status of the lake, minimized contaminant bioaccumulation despite high contaminant loadings. From the 1970s to 1980s contaminant concentrations decreased at different rates in many species of different trophic levels, coincident with decreased loadings to the lake. Since the early 1980s contaminant concentrations in biota have not changed consistently. Several factors have been proposed to account for these patterns, including reduced nutrient loadings and productivity, and the invasion of several exotic species such as zebra mussels. These factors have altered the food web structure and the internal distribution of contaminants in the lake. Emerging and continuing issues, such as climate change, invasions of additional exotic species, new chemical contaminants of concern, and algal toxins will likely impact contaminant dynamics in the future.Key words: Lake Erie, bioaccumulative contaminants, food web.

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Zalewska, Tamara, i Michał Saniewski. "Bioaccumulation of 137Cs by benthic plants and macroinvertebrates". Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies 40, nr 3 (1.01.2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s13545-011-0023-6.

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Abstract137Cs activity concentrations were determined in macrophytes and macrozoobenthic organisms from the southern Baltic Sea. Cesium isotope content was analysed in macroalgae species (green, red and brown algae representatives) and in some species of vascular plants. The analyzed macroinvertebrate organisms included bivalves and a crustacean.Concentration factors (CF) were calculated using the determined 137Cs concentration in the flora and fauna organisms against that in seawater, and the bioaccumulative properties were compared. The study pointed out that the most important factors in the cesium bioaccumulation process occurring in plants are related to morphology. The highest CF values were obtained in algae Polysiphonia fucoides, Ectocarpus siliculosus and Cladophora glomerata. Decidedly lower CF values were observed in the vascular plants and macrozoobenthos representatives.

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Nabi, Deedar, Samuel Katz i Christoph Aeppli. "ARE OXYGENATED HYDROCARBONS IMPORTANT OIL DEGRADATION PRODUCTS AFTER OIL SPILLS?" International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2017, nr 1 (1.05.2017): 571–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2017.1.571.

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ABSTRACT 2017-186 Oxygenated hydrocarbons (OxHC) are major and persistent hydrocarbon degradation products that are formed after oil spills. However, there are still knowledge gaps related to formation, fate and effect of these products. The objective of this study was to find if the OxHCs present in weathered oils are more or less toxic and bioaccumulative than their parent compounds. In this study, we first systematically investigated bioaccumulation potential and toxicity potential of oxygenated oil weathering products, using predictions based on Abraham Solvation Parameters. We then quantified OxHC in select crude and weathered oil samples from the 2010 Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill (DHOS). Seawater-dissolved concentrations were calculated using Raoult’s law, and baseline toxicity of the mixtures towards fathead minnow fish were estimated. We found that while OxHC generally had a lower bioaccumulation potential than corresponding n-alkanes, the baseline toxicity of OxHC was higher than that of their n-alkane precursors due to increased water solubility. After 30 days of weathering, toxicity of the oil residue decreased by a factor of ten. However, following six years of weathering, the calculated residual toxicity only dropped by a further factor of two. In the most weathered sample, toxicity was dominated by OxHC and not polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). These preliminary data suggest that further research into OxHC toxicity is necessary. In future, additional factors such as reactive toxicity and biotransformation can be implemented to further explore OxHC toxicity and bioaccumulation in long-term environmental impacts of oil spills.

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Mareri, B., E. Kitur i P. Obade. "Bioaccumulation of zinc, lead, cadmium in water hyacinth, hippo grass and papyrus reed as water quality indicator in River Kisat in Kisumu County, Kenya". African Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 2, nr 2 (30.06.2021): 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.33886/ajpas.v2i2.213.

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River Kisat in Kenya is increasingly being polluted serving as a sink for waste receiving effluent from sewerage, industrial waste and agricultural pesticide residues leading to heavy metal contamination. This has led to the contamination of the aquatic ecosystem and water used by communities for consumption and farming. Little information is available on the bio-indicative aspects of water quality using bioaccumulation factor by macrophytes. This study aimed at determining concentrations of Zn, Pb and Cd in water, (Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth), Vossia cuspidata (hippo grass), Cyperus papyrus (papyrus reed) and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) in River Kisat, Kisumu County. This was determined following laboratory standard procedures using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Results showed mean concentrations (mg/L) of Cd (Below detectable limit), Zn (0.2 -0.15) and Pb (0.03-0.03) in water. Mean values were within allowable WHO drinking water limits except for Pb which was above acceptable limits. Zn recorded highest accumulated levels in E. crassipes (72.43mg/L), C. papyrus (70.13mg/L) and V. cuspidate (71.03mg/L). E. crassipes was observed to bioaccumulate the highest concentration of the heavy metals with C. papyrus bioaccumulating the lowest (E. crassipes > V. cuspidata> C. papyrus). Pearson matrix correlation analysis showed positive significant correlations (r = 0.621; p = 0.027) between Zn and Pb in water and the macrophytes which reflected a common source of pollution and indication of accumulation. BAF recorded for all macrophytes ranged from 2.45 to 6.85, above value of 1, indicating significant bioaccumulation for Zn and Pb. The findings from this study showed higher concentrations of Zn and Pb in the macrophytes in comparison to the water in River Kisat with BAF values >1 indicating bioaccumulation which represented poor water quality. The study recommends local authorities employ monitoring processes with incorporation of BAF as a water quality indicator where low metal concentrations in water are recorded, introduce penalties for polluters and sensitize local inhabitants on detrimental health effects of heavy metal and avoid use of River Kisat water for agricultural activities.

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Han, Tai-Wei, Chung-Chih Tseng, Minggang Cai, Kai Chen, Sha-Yen Cheng i Jun Wang. "Effects of Cadmium on Bioaccumulation, Bioabsorption, and Photosynthesis in Sarcodia suiae". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, nr 4 (18.02.2020): 1294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041294.

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This study investigated the changes in bioaccumulation, bioabsorption, photosynthesis rate, respiration rate, and photosynthetic pigments (phycoerythrin, phycocyanin, and allophycocyanin) of Sarcodia suiae following cadmium exposure within 24 h. The bioabsorption was significantly higher than the bioaccumulation at all cadmium levels (p < 0.05). The ratios of bioabsorption/bioaccumulation in light and dark bottles were 2.17 and 1.74, respectively, when S. suiae was exposed to 5 Cd2+ mg/L. The chlorophyll a (Chl-a) concentration, oxygen evolution rate (photosynthetic efficiency), and oxygen consumption rate (respiratory efficiency) decreased with increasing bioaccumulation and ambient cadmium levels. The levels of bioaccumulation and bioabsorption in light environments were significantly higher than those in dark environments (p < 0.05). In addition, the ratios of phycoerythrin (PE)/Chl-a, phycocyanin (PC)/Chl-a, and allophycocyanin (APC)/Chl-a were also higher in light bottles compared to dark bottles at all ambient cadmium levels. These results indicated that the photosynthesis of seaweed will increase bioaccumulation and bioabsorption in a cadmium environment.

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PattukumarV, Anantha SelviG.S, Sivakumar P, Vasanthakumar P, Susanna Roy i AshaAnand. "Bioaccumulation Pattern of Heavy Metals in Solanumlycopersicum Co-Inoculated with Red Worm Eiseniafetida". Journal of Advanced Zoology 44, nr 5 (8.12.2023): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/jaz.v44i5.2557.

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The presence of heavy metal in the environment has been increasing with the increasing anthropogenic activities. The following study observes the bioaccumulation activities of Solanumlycopersicum, Eiseniafetida and a combined set-up containing both. The metals used for the particular study includes lead, mercury, chromium and cadmium. It was observed that each heavy metal has a particular pattern of accumulation as well as this pattern being affected when in the combined set up containing both Solanumlycopersicum and Eiseniafetida. In the end the combined set up was more efficient in bioaccumulating heavy metals from the contaminated soil.

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Abdullateef Abdullahi Ibrahim, Ali Gambo Yusuf, Gambo Ismail, Muhammad Abdullahi Ibrahim, Abdulhamid Ruwa Musa i Mustapha Said Sulaiman. "Conceptual Background of Bioaccumulation in Environmental Science". World Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences 1, nr 1 (30.06.2021): 035–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.53346/wjapls.2021.1.1.0015.

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Environmental metal pollution is one of the serious global problems with severe health effects due to its persistence and accumulation in living organisms, these require biological strategies such as bioaccumulation for remediation, the main environmental contaminants are associated to water, soil, and air. Meanwhile, Bioaccumulation is the accumulation of pollutants in living organisms which enable to assess the risk related to their presence in the ecosystems. In other words; Bioaccumulation is the net result of all uptake and loss processes, such as respiratory and dietary uptake, and loss by egestion, metabolism, passive diffusion, transfer to offspring and growth. Hence, this paper provides the conceptual background of bioaccumulation factors, effect of heavy metals on the ecosystems, and the organisms involved in the processes as well as some fishes and plants responsible for bioaccumulation.

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Proc, Kinga, Piotr Bulak, Monika Kaczor i Andrzej Bieganowski. "A New Approach to Quantifying Bioaccumulation of Elements in Biological Processes". Biology 10, nr 4 (20.04.2021): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10040345.

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Bioaccumulation, expressed as the bioaccumulation factor (BAF), is a phenomenon widely investigated in the natural environment and at laboratory scale. However, the BAF is more suitable for ecological studies, while in small-scale experiments it has limitations, which are discussed in this article. We propose a new indicator, the bioaccumulation index (BAI). The BAI takes into account the initial load of test elements, which are added to the experimental system together with the biomass of the organism. This offers the opportunity to explore the phenomena related to the bioaccumulation and, contrary to the BAF, can also reveal the dilution of element concentration in the organism. The BAF can overestimate bioaccumulation, and in an extremal situation, when the dilution of element concentration during organism growth occurs, the BAF may produce completely opposite results to the BAI. In one of the examples presented in this work (Tschirner and Simon, 2015), the concentration of phosphorous in fly larvae was lower after the experiment than in the younger larvae before the experiment. Because the phosphorous concentration in the feed was low, the BAF indicated a high bioaccumulation of this element (BAF = 14.85). In contrast, the BAI showed element dilution, which is a more realistic situation (BAI = −0.32). By taking more data into account, the BAI seems to be more valid in determining bioaccumulation, especially in the context of entomoremediation research.

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Thomas, Shyam, Stephanie Melles i Satyendra Bhavsar. "Spatiotemporal Variations in Mercury Bioaccumulation at Fine and Broad Scales for Two Freshwater Sport Fishes". Water 10, nr 11 (11.11.2018): 1625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10111625.

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Bioaccumulation of mercury in sport fish is a complex process that varies in space and time. Both large-scale climatic as well as fine-scale environmental factors are drivers of these space-time variations. In this study, we avail a long-running monitoring program from Ontario, Canada to better understand spatiotemporal variations in fish mercury bioaccumulation at two distinct scales. Focusing on two common large-bodied sport fishes (Walleye and Northern Pike), the data were analyzed at fine- and broad-scales, where fine-scale implies variations in bioaccumulation at waterbody- and year-level and broad-scale captures variations across 3 latitudinal zones (~5° each) and eight time periods (~5-year each). A series of linear mixed-effects models (LMEMs) were employed to capture the spatial, temporal and spatiotemporal variations in mercury bioaccumulation. Fine-scale models were overall better fit than broad-scale models suggesting environmental factors operating at the waterbody-level and annual climatic conditions matter most. Moreover, for both scales, the space time interaction explained most of the variation. The random slopes from the best-fitting broad-scale model were used to define a bioaccumulation index that captures trends within a climate change context. The broad-scale trends suggests of multiple and potentially conflicting climate-driven mechanisms. Interestingly, broad-scale temporal trends showed contrasting bioaccumulation patterns—increasing in Northern Pike and decreasing in Walleye, thus suggesting species-specific ecological differences also matter. Overall, by taking a scale-specific approach, the study highlights the overwhelming influence of fine-scale variations and their interactions on mercury bioaccumulation; while at broad-scale the mercury bioaccumulation trends are summarized within a climate change context.

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Noegrohati, Sri. "BIOACCUMULATION DYNAMICS OF HEAVY METALS IN _{Oreochromis nilotycus}: PREDICTED THROUGH A BIOACCUMULATION MODEL CONSTRUCTED BASED ON BIOTIC LIGAND MODEL (BLM)". Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 6, nr 1 (13.06.2010): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21775.

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In estuarine ecosystem, sediments are not only functioning as heavy metal scavenger, but also as one of potential sources for heavy metals to the ecosystem. Due the capability of aquatic organisms to accumulate heavy metals, there is possibility of heavy metals to exert their toxic effect towards the organisms and other organisms positioned in higher trophic level, such as fish, and further to human beings. To understand the different processes of heavy metal bioaccumulation in a dynamic manner, a bioaccumulation model is required. Since bioaccumulation starts with the uptake of chemical across a biological membrane, the bioaccumulation model was constructed based on Biotic Ligand Model (BLM). The input for the model was determined from laboratory scale simulated estuarine ecosystem of sediment-brackish water (seawater:Aquaâ 1:1) for determining the heavy metal fractions in sediments; simulated Oreochromis nilotycus - brackish water (fish-water) ecosystem for determining the rate constants; simulated fish-water-sediment ecosystem for evaluating the closeness between model-predicted and measured concentration, routes and distribution within specific internal organs. From these bioaccumulation studies, it was confirmed that the internalization of metals into the cells of gills and internal epithelias follows similar mechanisms, and governed mostly by the waterborne or hydrophilic heavy metals. The level of hydrophilic heavy metals are determined by desorption equilibrium coefficients, 1/KD, and influenced by salinity. Physiologically, the essential Cu and Zn body burden in O. nilotycus are tightly homeostasis regulated, shown as decreasing uptake efficiency factor, EW, at higher exposure concentrations, while non essential Cd and Hg were less or not regulated. From the distribution within specific internal organs, it was revealed that carcass was more relevant in describing the bioaccumulation condition than liver. It is clear that every heavy metal has its own bioaccumulation dynamics, depend to the metal studied and environmental conditions, however the obtained parameters are applicable to bioaccumulation of Cd and Hg in natural estuarine ecosystem of Segara Anakan, Central Java. Keywords: heavy metal, estuarine, bioaccumulation, model, dynamics

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Singh, Tej Pratap, i Majumder Cb. "A COMPARISON BETWEEN BIOSORPTION AND BIOACCUMULATION OF FLUORIDE FROM WASTE WATER." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, nr 3 (1.03.2018): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i3.16604.

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Objective: The comparison between the properties of two removal methods viz. adsorptive removal (biosorption) and simultaneous adsorption and bioaccumulation (SAB) of fluoride from waste water was investigated.Methods: In the present study, bioaccumulation study was done on Sweet Lemon peel. Acinetobacter baumannii (Mtcc no-11451) is a water living microorganism which survives in waste water. Microorganism (Acinetobacter baumannii (Mtcc no-11451)) immobilized on the surface of Sweet Lemon peel. The size of microorganism is greater than the pore size of adsorbent. Active sites of the adsorbent are blocked due to immobilization of microorganism on the surface of adsorbent. Different optimizing parameters are studied during the experiments like adsorbent dose, pH, initial concentration and contact time for bio bioaccumulation process.Results: It was observed that adsorption and bioaccumulation process execute simultaneously but mainly bioaccumulation is responsible for removal of fluoride. The removal efficiency of fluoride sees a drastic increase from 59.59 % to 99.49 % in optimum conditions. It is to be noted that simple adsorption process removal efficiency was 95.795 % at optimum time (60 min), pH 4.0 and dose 10 g/l. Adsorption isotherm parameters are well fitted for Freundlich whereas simple adsorption follow Langmuir isotherm model.Conclusion: The removal of fluoride occurred due to the accumulation by bacteria. Kinetic result revealed that bioaccumulation is a slower process. Bioaccumulation process increase the removal efficiency but it is very time consuming and costly as compare to the simple adsorption process.

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PLOPEANU, Georgiana, Nicoleta VRINCEANU, Mariana ROZSNYAI, Vera CARABULEA, Bogdan OPREA, Mihaela COSTEA i Dumitru Marian MOTELICA. "BIOACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS IN CARROT AND PARSLEY ROOTS SAMPLED FROM HOUSEHOLDS IN COPSA MICA". "Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture Montanology Cadastre Series " 53, nr 1 (4.01.2024): 375–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.52846/aamc.v53i1.1499.

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Naturally heavy metals like cadmium, zinc, lead and copper are found in Earth’s crust and due to weathering, they are dispersed in the environment. All soils contain a full range of heavy metals, but their concentrations usually are very low. Although, heavy metals concentrations differ from soil to soil, toxicity level is seldom reached, because geochemical cycles are very slow. The study present bioaccumulation of heavy metals in carrot and parsley roots from households in one of the critical areas of heavy metal contamination, Copșa Mică. The bioaccumulation factor was used to investigate the translocation of heavy metals in the soil-crop system. Bioaccumulation factors for cadmium varied between 0.001 and 0.185 in parsley roots, and between 0.004 and 0.300 in carrot roots. Bioaccumulation factors for lead varied between 0.000 and 0.003 in parsley roots, and between 0.000 and 0.002 in carrot roots. Bioaccumulation factors for zinc varied between 0.004 and 0.056 in parsley roots, and between 0.003 and 0.028 in carrot roots. Bioaccumulation factors for copper varied between 0.015 and 0.065 in parsley roots, and between 0.004 and 0.024 in carrot roots. The bioaccumulation factors of parsley roots followed the order Cd (0.185) > Cu (0.065) > Zn (0.056) > Pb (0.003) and in case of carrot roots Cd (0.300) > Zn (0.028) > Cu (0.024) > Pb (0.002). As it can be observed, cadmium was most easily uptaken by crops while lead was identified as having the lowest accumulation in crops.

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Arnot, Jon A., i Frank APC Gobas. "A review of bioconcentration factor (BCF) and bioaccumulation factor (BAF) assessments for organic chemicals in aquatic organisms". Environmental Reviews 14, nr 4 (1.12.2006): 257–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/a06-005.

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Bioaccumulation assessment is important in the scientific evaluation of risks that chemicals may pose to humans and the environment and is a current focus of regulatory effort. The status of bioaccumulation evaluations for organic chemicals in aquatic systems is reviewed to reduce uncertainty in bioaccumulation measurement, to provide quality data for assessment, and to assist in model development. A review of 392 scientific literature and database sources includes 5317 bioconcentration factor (BCF) and 1656 bioaccumulation factor (BAF) values measured for 842 organic chemicals in 219 aquatic species. A data quality assessment finds that 45% of BCF values are subject to at least one major source of uncertainty and that measurement errors generally result in an underestimation of actual BCF values. A case study of organic chemicals on the Canadian Domestic Substances List indicates that empirical data are available for less than 4% of the chemicals that require evaluation and of these chemicals, 76% have less than three acceptable quality BCF or BAF values. Field BAFs tend to be greater than laboratory BCFs emphasizing the importance of environmental measurement for reliable assessment; however, only 0.2% of current use organic chemicals have BAF measurements. Key parameters influencing uncertainty and variability in BCF and BAF data are discussed using reviewed data and models. A critical evaluation of representative BCF and BAF models in relation to existing measurements and regulatory criteria in Canada indicate the probability of Type II errors, i.e., false negatives or ``misses'', using BCF models for bioaccumulation assessment may be as high as 70.6% depending on the model. Recommendations for the selection of measured and modelled values used in bioaccumulation assessment are provided, and improvements for the science and regulatory criteria are proposed.Key words: bioconcentration, bioconcentration factor, bioaccumulation, bioaccumulation factor, octanol–water partition coefficient, fish.

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Maurer, Don, Charles Phillips i George Robertson. "Trace Metal Bioaccumulation in Epibenthic Macroinvertebrates (EMI) from the San Pedro Shelf, California". International Review of Hydrobiology 84, nr 1 (styczeń 1999): 73–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/iroh.199900010.

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AbstractTrace metal/metalloid (As, Ag, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Se, Zn) bioaccumulation was measured over a period of ten years (1985–1995) in five species of epibenthic macroinvertebrates (EMI) from the San Pedro Shelf, California. Four of the species are numerical dominants in the Southern California Bight (SCB) and two species are commercially harvested. Among three echinoderms, a predatory sea star yielded highest tissue concentrations compared to a sea cucumber and a sea urchin, and concentrations measured in a mantid shrimp exceeded those from a prawn. Comparison of trace metal bioaccumulation from the study area, including the ocean outfall, and elsewhere indicated that bioaccumulation in local EMI was generally low. Measurements from an outfall station and two reference stations were used to evaluate the spatial and temporal relationship between trace metal bioaccumulation and the wastewater discharge. It was concluded that there was no spatial or temporal relationship between EMI trace metal bioaccumulation and the discharge.

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Tourinho, Paula S., Susana Loureiro, Maria D. Pavlaki, Klará Anna Mocová i Fabianne Ribeiro. "A Systematic Review of Nano- and Microplastic (NMP) Influence on the Bioaccumulation of Environmental Contaminants: Part I—Soil Organisms". Toxics 11, nr 2 (7.02.2023): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics11020154.

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Nano- and microplastics (NMPs) are a group of contaminants that cause concern due to their abundance in the environment, high persistence, and interaction with other contaminants. This review aims to understand the role of NMP in the bioaccumulation of environmental contaminants. For that, a comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify publications that compared the uptake of contaminants in the presence and absence of NMP. In this part I, twenty-eight publications of the terrestrial compartment were analyzed. Two main taxonomic groups were studied, namely, earthworms and terrestrial plants. In earthworms, most studies observed an increase in the bioaccumulation of the contaminants, while in plants, most studies observed a decrease in the bioaccumulation. Changes in bioavailable fractions of contaminants due to NMP presence was the main reason pointed out by the authors for their outcomes. Moreover, biological aspects were also found to be important in defining how NMPs affect bioaccumulation. Dermal damage and changes in contaminant-degrading bacteria in the gut of earthworms caused an increase in bioaccumulation, and root pore blockage was a common reason for the decrease in the bioaccumulation of contaminants in plants. Nevertheless, such effects were mainly observed at high, unrealistic NMP concentrations. Finally, knowledge gaps were identified, and the limitations of this systematic review were presented.

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Dai, Zhineng, i Fansheng Zeng. "Distribution and Bioaccumulation of Perfluoroalkyl Acids in Xiamen Coastal Waters". Journal of Chemistry 2019 (20.08.2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2612853.

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Since perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAs) are widely used and harmless to organisms, they have attracted great attention in recent years. The distribution of PFAs in the oceans all around the world is well documented. However, the study of PFAs in Xiamen could be a beneficial complement, for its unique geologies of no rivers that originate from other cities to influence the concentration of PFAs in this area. In this paper, six PFAs were analyzed in water, sediments, and organisms from both freshwater and seawater and the bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) were calculated with the quantity of PFAs in different trophic levels of aquatic organisms. The results showed that the ΣPFA concentrations ranged from 7.66 to 11.98 ng·L−1 for seawater samples and from 2.12 to 8.61 ng·L−1 for freshwater. The concentration of ΣPFAs in sediments was 7.43–12.89 ng·g−1 and 4.53–5.80 ng·g−1 in seawater and freshwater, respectively. The PFA concentration in water is highly positive correlated with the PFA concentration in sediments (R2 = 0.85). The calculated bioaccumulation factors (BCFs) were 6412–14254 L·kg−1 and 2927–7959 L·kg−1 for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonates (PFOS), respectively. PFOA seems more bioaccumulative than PFOS in seawater. The results illustrated the PFA pollution in the Xiamen sea area, and it is useful for the protection and control of the organic pollutants in this area.

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Costanza, Jed, David G. Lynch, Robert S. Boethling i Jon A. Arnot. "Use of the bioaccumulation factor to screen chemicals for bioaccumulation potential". Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 31, nr 10 (16.08.2012): 2261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.1944.

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Rahmawati, Afianita Dian, i Enny Zulaika. "BIOACCUMULATION OF IRON (Fe) IN Bacillus JA1, Sporosarcina JA4, AND Lysinibacillus JB2". Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Eksperimen dan Keanekaragaman Hayati (J-BEKH) 8, nr 2 (30.12.2021): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jbekh.v8i2.188.

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Carbonatogenic bacteria are able to produce calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Steel reinforcement of concrete is mainly made of a mixture of carbon (C) and ferrous (Fe) elements. Fe is classified as heavy metal, when in high concentrations it is toxic to bacteria. The purpose of this study was to determine the bioaccumulation of carbonatogenic bacteria to Fe. The isolates used in this study were Bacillus JA1, Sporosarcina JA4, and Lysinibacillus JB2. All isolates were subcultured on nutrient agar slant media. Cultures were made on minimal salt medium: nutrient broth (95% : 5%) with 24 hours incubation. Bioaccumulation test using minimal salt medium: nutrient broth (95% : 5%) containing ferrous 5 ppm and 10 ppm. Accumulated ferrous concentration was measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The result of this research is that the bioaccumulation of ferrous by the isolates after 2 hours of incubation is greater than 1 hour of incubation. Bacillus JA1 has the highest bioaccumulation ability which was 9,19 ppm after 2 hours exposure of 10 ppm ferrous and its ferrous bioaccumulation efficiency was 91,85%.

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Bowles, Karl C., Simon C. Apte, William A. Maher, Matthew Kawei i Ross Smith. "Bioaccumulation and biomagnification of mercury in Lake Murray, Papua New Guinea". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 58, nr 5 (1.05.2001): 888–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f01-042.

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The bioaccumulation of mercury in the food webs incorporating the major piscivorous fish species of Lake Murray, Papua New Guinea, has been characterised. Methylmercury concentrations increased with trophic level and the proportion of total mercury present as methylmercury increased from <1% in plants to 94% in piscivorous fish. Methylmercury bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) were similar to those found in temperate environments, with a typical increase of 1 log unit between planktivore and piscivore trophic levels. The greatest bioaccumulation of methylmercury occurred between seston and the water column (log BAF of 5.36). The bioaccumulation of mercury to levels of regulatory concern by the lake's piscivores was attributable to the biomagnification power of the plankton-based food chain comprising four trophic levels (phytoplankton, zooplankton, planktivore, piscivore) rather than any elevated concentrations of mercury in waters or sediments. The methylmercury concentrations of individual piscivores were positively correlated with both trophic position, as indicated by δ15N measurements, and fish size. Stable-isotope measurements were used to identify fish species where dietary changes occurring with age significantly augmented age-related bioaccumulation of mercury.

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Kuziemska, Beata, Andrzej Wysokinski i Paulina Klej. "The Content, Uptake and Bioaccumulation Factor of Copper and Nickel in Grass Depending on Zinc Application and Organic Fertilization". Agriculture 13, nr 9 (25.08.2023): 1676. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13091676.

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Different content of Zn in the soil and organic fertilization can affect micronutrient uptake by plants. A pot experiment was carried out to determine the impact of increasing Zn application rates, i.e., 200, 400 and 600 Zn mg·kg−1, in combination with bovine and chicken manures and mushroom substrate on Cu and Ni content, uptake and bioaccumulation factor in cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.). Control objects without Zn and organic fertilizers and after application of only different Zn doses and only organic fertilizers were also tested. Application of Zn at 400 and 600 mg·kg−1 significantly decreased the content, uptake and value of bioaccumulation factor of Cu in the grass. Different Zn doses were not found to influence the content and bioaccumulation factor of Ni in cocksfoot, but application at 200 Zn mg·kg−1 increased Ni uptake. Chicken manure increased the content and bioaccumulation factor of Cu and Ni in the test plant, and all the organic fertilizers increased their uptake. Cocksfoot showed no tendency to excessive bioaccumulation of Cu and Ni.

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Arias, Andrés H., María V. Panebianco, Sopheak Net, David Dumoulin, Sami Souissi, Baghdad Ouddane, Humberto L. Cappozzo i Jorge E. Marcovecchio. "Franciscana dolphins as PCBs marine biomonitors in Argentina, south-west Atlantic Ocean". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 96, nr 4 (22.06.2015): 979–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315415000776.

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Including a multi-year collection of samples (2004–2011) the present research fills 20 years of an information gap regarding the PCB burden in south-west Atlantic franciscana dolphins (Pontoporia blainvillei) while aiming to test the null hypothesis that PCBs congeners are increasingly bioaccumulating in south-west Atlantic specimens in relation to northern hemisphere records. In addition, the present survey analyses indicators of potential biological impairment associated to PCBs tissue burden. The results could associate each sampling area group of dolphins to one or two Aroclor® patterns and point to dominant regional diffuse sources entering PCBs mixtures to the marine environment with a possible regional/long-range atmospheric contribution. In addition, total PCB levels were from four to seven times lower than the closer precedents for the area (18–26 years ago) indicating a progress in the environmental release and biota exposure of PCBs and posing an objective indicator of success of the present international elimination programme. Further, when compared with regional and global bioaccumulation patterns, PCBs congeners in Argentinean specimens appeared to occur in a decreasing tendency. Finally, calculated TEQs TCDD levels raised a concern in regards to environmental safety, showing guideline values to be widely exceeded and the occasional occurrence of positive correlations between PCBs bioaccumulation vs. sexual immaturity.

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Mandal, Suman, i Abu Tweb Abu Ahmed. "Copper, Cadmium, Chromium and lead bioaccumulation in Stinging Catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) and freshwater mussel, Lamellidens corrianus Lia and to compare their concentration in sediments and water of Turag river". Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Science 39, nr 2 (3.02.2014): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v39i2.17862.

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The present study was carried out to determine the level of bioaccumulation of some heavy metals namely Copper (Cu), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr) and Lead (Pb) in freshwater fish Stinging catfish (Heteropneustes fossilis Bloch, 1794) and freshwater Mussel (Lamellidens corrianus Lia, 1834) collected from Turag river during the months of October to December 2010. The accumulation levels were then compared with the concentration levels of sediments and water of the same river. In H. fossilis the average bioaccumulations were Cu 13.27 ± 2.47 mg/kg ; Cd 0.215 ± 0.208 mg/kg ; Cr 1.46 ± 0.431 mg/kg and Pb 0 mg/kg in dry weight while Cu 31.90 ± 6.202 mg/kg ; Cd 0.182 ± 0.025 mg/kg ; Cr 0.0367 ± 0.039 mg/kg and Pb 3.865 ± 1.041 mg/kg in dry weight of L. corrianus. Average concentration of metals in sediments of Turag river were Cu 54.95 ± 9.218 mg/kg ; Cd 0.05 ± 0.011 mg/kg ; Cr 5.575 ± 0.608 mg/kg and Pb 34.89 ± 5.554 mg/kg in dry weight and in water these levels were Cu 0.0253 ± 0.024 ppm ; Cd 0.0012 ± 0.001 ppm ; Cr 0.2335 ± 0.044 ppm and Pb 0.1169 ± 0.041 ppm. The bioaccumulation level of heavy metals in Turag river were higher than the FAO approved standard level. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v39i2.17862 J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 39(2): 231-238, December 2013

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Maalouf, Haifa, Julien Schaeffer, Sylvain Parnaudeau, Jacques Le Pendu, Robert L. Atmar, Sue E. Crawford i Françoise S. Le Guyader. "Strain-Dependent Norovirus Bioaccumulation in Oysters". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77, nr 10 (25.03.2011): 3189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03010-10.

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ABSTRACTNoroviruses (NoVs) are the main agents of gastroenteritis in humans and the primary pathogens of shellfish-related outbreaks. Some NoV strains bind to shellfish tissues by using carbohydrate structures similar to their human ligands, leading to the hypothesis that such ligands may influence bioaccumulation. This study compares the bioaccumulation efficiencies and tissue distributions in oysters (Crassostrea gigas) of three strains from the two principal human norovirus genogroups. Clear differences between strains were observed. The GI.1 strain was the most efficiently concentrated strain. Bioaccumulation specifically occurred in digestive tissues in a dose-dependent manner, and its efficiency paralleled ligand expression, which was highest during the cold months. In comparison, the GII.4 strain was very poorly bioaccumulated and was recovered in almost all tissues without seasonal influence. The GII.3 strain presented an intermediate behavior, without seasonal effect and with less bioaccumulation efficiency than that of the GI.1 strain during the cold months. In addition, the GII.3 strain was transiently concentrated in gills and mantle before being almost specifically accumulated in digestive tissues. Carbohydrate ligand specificities of the strains at least partly explain the strain-dependent bioaccumulation characteristics. In particular, binding to the digestive-tube-specific ligand should contribute to bioaccumulation, whereas we hypothesize that binding to the sialic acid-containing ligand present in all tissues would contribute to retain virus particles in the gills or mantle and lead to rapid destruction.

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Burtnyk, Michael D., Gordon Paterson, Kenneth G. Drouillard i G. Douglas Haffner. "Steady and non-steady state kinetics describe polychlorinated biphenyl bioaccumulation in natural populations of bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) and cisco (Coregonus artedi)". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 66, nr 12 (grudzień 2009): 2189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f09-150.

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This study investigated polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) bioaccumulation patterns across age classes of bluegill ( Lepomis macrochirus ) and cisco ( Coregonus artedi ) collected from Sharbot Lake, Ontario. For bluegill, lipid normalized concentrations of PCB congeners of log Kow < 6.8 did not demonstrate any significant increases across individuals 2–5 years of age. In similarly aged cisco, however, significant age-related increases in lipid normalized PCB concentrations were observed for the majority of these congeners. For PCBs of log Kow > 6.8, these congeners demonstrated significant and similar age-related fugacity increases in both species. These patterns indicated that the bioaccumulation of less hydrophobic PCB congeners in bluegill suggest quicker growth kinetics and demonstrate the potential of this species to achieve steady state within their lifetime. In contrast, PCB bioaccumulation patterns in cisco demonstrated that biomagnification and non-steady state kinetics better reflect the capacity of this species to bioaccumulate PCBs. These results demonstrated that for pollutants of log Kow < 6.8, growth dilution and age-specific metabolic rates are critical for understanding their bioaccumulation by freshwater fish. However, for increasingly hydrophobic pollutants, their bioaccumulation reflects the biology and ecology of these species in their respective warm- and cold-water habitats.

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Everts, J. W., R. Luttik, S. Lacorte i J. H. Schobben. "Bioaccumulation and risk assessment". Science of The Total Environment 134 (styczeń 1993): 1779–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0048-9697(05)80179-2.

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Andrijanic, Stefica, i Anthony Miskiewicz. "Bioaccumulation issues in Australia". Marine Pollution Bulletin 22, nr 11 (listopad 1991): 530–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-326x(91)90882-s.

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Streit, B. "Bioaccumulation processes in ecosystems". Experientia 48, nr 10 (październik 1992): 955–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01919142.

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Franke, Christian, Gabriele Studinger, Georgia Berger, Stella Böhling, Ursula Bruckmann, Dieter Cohors-Fresenborg i Ulrich Jöhncke. "The assessment of bioaccumulation". Chemosphere 29, nr 7 (październik 1994): 1501–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(94)90281-x.

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Phillips, John. "Bioaccumulation of xenobiotic compounds". Food and Chemical Toxicology 29, nr 10 (styczeń 1991): 723. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0278-6915(91)90133-r.

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Strumińska-Parulska, Dagmara I., Bogdan Skwarzec i Jacek Fabisiak. "Plutonium bioaccumulation in seabirds". Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 102, nr 12 (grudzień 2011): 1105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2011.07.002.

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Cullen, M. C., i D. W. Connell. "Pesticide Bioaccumulation in Cattle". Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 28, nr 3 (sierpień 1994): 221–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/eesa.1994.1048.

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Xiang, Lei, Yan-Wen Li, Zhen-Ru Wang, Bai-Lin Liu, Hai-Ming Zhao, Hui Li, Quan-Ying Cai, Ce-Hui Mo i Qing X. Li. "Bioaccumulation and Phytotoxicity and Human Health Risk from Microcystin-LR under Various Treatments: A Pot Study". Toxins 12, nr 8 (14.08.2020): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12080523.

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Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is prevalent in water and can be translocated into soil-crop ecosystem via irrigation, overflow (pollution accident), and cyanobacterial manure applications, threatening agricultural production and human health. However, the effects of various input pathways on the bioaccumulation and toxicity of MCs in terrestrial plants have been hardly reported so far. In the present study, pot experiments were performed to compare the bioaccumulation, toxicity, and health risk of MC-LR as well as its degradation in soils among various treatments with the same total amount of added MC-LR (150 μg/kg). The treatments included irrigation with polluted water (IPW), cultivation with polluted soil (CPS), and application of cyanobacterial manure (ACM). Three common leaf-vegetables in southern China were used in the pot experiments, including Ipomoea batatas L., Brassica juncea L., and Brassica alboglabra L. All leaf vegetables could bioaccumulate MC-LR under the three treatments, with much higher MC-LR bioaccumulation, especially root bioconcentration observed in ACM treatment than IPW and CPS treatments. An opposite trend in MC-LR degradation in soils of these treatments indicated that ACM could limit MC-LR degradation in soils and thus promote its bioaccumulation in the vegetables. MC-LR bioaccumulation could cause toxicity to the vegetables, with the highest toxic effects observed in ACM treatment. Similarly, bioaccumulation of MC-LR in the edible parts of the leaf-vegetables posed 1.1~4.8 fold higher human health risks in ACM treatment than in IPW and CPS treatments. The findings of this study highlighted a great concern on applications of cyanobacterial manure.

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Ribeiro, Fabianne, Maria D. Pavlaki, Susana Loureiro, Renato Almeida Sarmento, Amadeu M. V. M. Soares i Paula S. Tourinho. "Systematic Review of Nano- and Microplastics’ (NMP) Influence on the Bioaccumulation of Environmental Contaminants: Part II—Freshwater Organisms". Toxics 11, nr 6 (23.05.2023): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics11060474.

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Nano- and microplastic fragments (NMPs) exist ubiquitously in all environmental compartments. The literature-based evidence suggests that NMPs interact with other environmental contaminants in freshwater ecosystems through sorption mechanisms, thereby playing a vector role. Chemically bound NMPs can translocate throughout the environment, reaching long distances from the contaminant discharge site. In addition, they can be ab/adsorbed by freshwater organisms. Although many studies show that NMPs can increase toxicity towards freshwater biota through the carrier role, little is known regarding their potential to influence the bioaccumulation of environmental contaminants (EC) in freshwater species. This review is part II of a systematic literature review regarding the influence of NMPs on bioaccumulation. Part I deals with terrestrial organisms and part II is devoted to freshwater organisms. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA ScR) was used for the literature search and selection. Only studies that assessed the bioaccumulation of EC in the presence of NMPs and compared this with the bioaccumulation of the isolated EC were considered. Here, we discuss the outcome of 46 papers, considering NMPs that induced an increase, induced a decrease, or caused no effect on bioaccumulation. Lastly, knowledge gaps are identified, and future directives for this area of research are discussed.

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Chukwuka, Uhama Kingsley, Aneke Chinwe Jacinta,, Akpata Ebere Immaculata i Nwaigbo Olive Chika. "Quantifying Bioaccumulation Factors of Food Cultivars in the Vicinity of Coal Mining: A Study in Ngwo, Akwuke, and Udi Communities, Enugu State, Nigeria". NEWPORT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC AND EXPERIMENTAL SCIENCES 4, nr 1 (29.11.2023): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.59298/nijses/2023/10.8.1000.

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Heavy metal contamination resulting from coal mining activities poses a substantial threat to both environmental stability and human health. This study delves into the bioaccumulation factors of various food cultivars within the coal mining regions of Ngwo, Akwuke, and Udi Communities in Enugu State, Nigeria. Heavy metals, including lead, cadmium, nickel, manganese, and chromium, have been recognized as significant contaminants responsible for various detrimental health effects. The presence of these metals in the environment, particularly in soil, water, and subsequently in food crops, leads to indirect human exposure through the food chain, thereby triggering several health risks. This research focuses on assessing the levels of heavy metal bioaccumulation in food cultivars and their potential implications for human health. Samples of leafy vegetables and tubers were collected from different locations within the communities and processed following recommended methods. The digestion process involved the use of concentrated acids and subsequent analysis through Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) to quantify the concentration of heavy metals. Bioaccumulation factors (BAF) were determined by establishing the ratio of metal concentrations in the plants to those in water. Results indicated significant variations in bioaccumulation factors among different cultivars and study sites. For instance, the bioaccumulation of manganese and chromium in pumpkin from Akwuke was notably higher compared to Udi and Ngwo, while lead and cadmium levels were significantly higher in Udi. Similar trends were observed in scent leaf and cassava samples, suggesting differential metal accumulation based on cultivar type and geographical location. The findings underscore the concerning levels of heavy metal bioaccumulation, especially high cadmium accumulation in certain food cultivars, posing potential health hazards to communities reliant on these crops. This study emphasizes the critical need for effective environmental management strategies and water treatment practices in these regions to mitigate health risks associated with heavy metal exposure through food consumption. Keywords: Heavy metals, Bioaccumulation factors, Food cultivars, Coal mining, Environmental health, Nigeria.

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Umeo, Suzana Harue, Maria Graciela Iecher Faria, Simone Schenkel Scheid Vilande, Douglas Cardoso Dragunski, Juliana Silveira do Valle, Nelson Barros Colauto i Giani Andrea Linde. "Iron and zinc mycelial bioaccumulation in Agaricus subrufescens strains". Semina: Ciências Agrárias 40, nr 6 (29.08.2019): 2513. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n6p2513.

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Agaricus subrufescens, a basidiomycete native to Brazil, is worldwide cultivated due to its medicinal properties. This fungus is capable of bioaccumulating metals in the mycelial biomass when cultured in the presence of them; however, this capacity is little explored for functional food production. This study aimed to evaluate the amount of iron or zinc bioaccumulated in the vegetative mycelium of sixteen strains of A. subrufescens. Mycelia were grown in malt extract agar added with 50 mg/L of iron or with 7.5 mg/L of zinc. The metal bioaccumulation in the mycelial biomass was strain-dependent. In general, metal can inhibit or stimulate the mycelial growth ranging from -81 to +78% for iron and from -86 to +100% for zinc. The highest bioaccumulated iron and zinc concentrations in the mycelial biomass was 2,595.65 mg/kg and 1,655.83 mg/kg, respectively and occurred in the U4-4 strain. The supplementation of mycelial biomass using iron or zinc is an alternative to develop food supplements, that can be used both in the human and animal diet and in the prevention of diseases.

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Simbolon, Anna Rejeki, i Triyoni Purbonegoro. "Bioakumulasi Merkuri (Hg) pada Lamun Enhalus acoroides dan Mangrove Rhizophora apiculata di Pulau Pari, Kepulauan Seribu". OLDI (Oseanologi dan Limnologi di Indonesia) 6, nr 3 (27.12.2021): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/oldi.2021.v6i3.369.

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Bioaccumulation of Mercury (Hg) in Seagrass Enhalus acoroides and Mangrove Rhizophora apiculata in Pari Island, Seribu Islands. Heavy metal pollution, especially Hg metal in Jakarta Bay, is feared to have a negative impact on the quality of the waters around the Jakarta Bay waters, one of which is Pari Island in the Thousand Islands. Seagrass and mangroves plants distributed surrounding Pari Island can be used as indicators of heavy metal pollution. The value of bioaccumulation and translocation of Hg metal factors will provide an overview of the ability of plants to accumulate heavy metals in their surroundings. This study aims to determine the bioaccumulation and translocation of the heavy metal Hg factor in Enhalus acoroides seagrass and Rhizophora apiculata mangroves on Pari Island, Seribu Islands. Seagrass and mangrove samples were taken at five sampling points through purposive sampling. The bioaccumulation value was calculated using the ratio of the metal concentrations in each part of the plant body and sediment. Meanwhile, the translocation factor value was calculated by the ratio of Hg concentration in each part of the plant body (roots/rhizomes, stems, and leaves). The results of this study indicate that the bioaccumulation value in seagrass is infinite (bioaccumulation factor, BAF=∞) and in mangroves is 1.57 (BAF>1). The highest translocation factor value in seagrass leaves is 3.86 (translocation factor, TF) >1) and in mangrove leaves is 2.84 (TF>1). This study shows that seagrass and mangrove plants are classified as good bio accumulator and hyperaccumulator plants and accumulate heavy metals, especially Hg in the upper part of their bodies, namely leaves

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Weisbrod, Anne V., Lawrence P. Burkhard, Jon Arnot, Ovanes Mekenyan, Philip H. Howard, Christine Russom, Robert Boethling i in. "Workgroup Report: Review of Fish Bioaccumulation Databases Used to Identify Persistent, Bioaccumulative, Toxic Substances". Environmental Health Perspectives 115, nr 2 (luty 2007): 255–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.9424.

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Edward. "BIOACCUMULATION OF ORGANOCHLORINES PESTICIDES (OCP) COMPOUND IN GREEN MUSSELLS (Perna viridis) IN JAKARTA BAY". Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis 8, nr 1 (11.11.2016): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v8i1.12498.

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ABSTRACTThe green mussel, Perna viridis can be used to determine bioaccumulation levels of organochlorine pesticides in a marine environment. Measurements on pesticide organochlorine concentration in green mussels (Perna viridis) were conducted in March and May 2013. The purpose of this research was to determine the bioaccumulation level of organochlorine pesticides in green mussels which were cultivated in Jakarta Bay. The samples were collected in Jakarta Bay in March and May 2013. The organochlorine pesticides concentration were measured by gas chromatography HP 5890 series II. The results showed that the average concentration of organochlorine pesticides in the small size of green mussells was 12.842 ppb, in the medium size was 27.065 ppb, and in the big size was 108.646 ppb. These concentrations were still lower than safety threshold limit value for seafood stated by EPA (Environment Protection Agency) i.e., 1,500 ppb. The comparation between organochlorine pesticide concentration in seawater and organochlorine pesticide in green mussels (bioaccumulation factor) were 2,140 for small green mussel, 4,510 for medium green mussel, and 18,107 for big green mussels, respectively.Keywords: bioaccumulation, green musselss, organochlorine pesticide, Jakarta Bay

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Weldemariam, Abraha Kahsay. "Assessment of lowest chromium bioaccumulation vegetables irrigated by Sheba Leather Industry contaminated water in Wukro, Tigray – Ethiopia". Current World Environment 15, nr 1 (4.04.2020): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.15.1.14.

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High chromium concentration is threatening to the environment, since it is persistent and non-biodegradable pollutant while introduced once to our planet. Bioaccumulation capacity of chromium has carcinogenic potential to human beings. To minimize the risk of chromium bioaccumulation, the study was conducted in Wukro irrigation fields. 54 plants, 24 water and 18 soil samples were collected in triplication from the selected points of upstream, treatment plant and downstream of the Sheba leather industry. Samples were transported to advanced laboratory for chromium analysis and results were analysed by R-software. Downstream vegetable samples were measured higher chromium bioaccumulation compared to the upstream sites. Highest chromium concentration was recorded in rood edible vegetables, and the lowest was measured in fruit edible vegetables. Chromium concentration was significantly different between the upstream and downstream vegetables, water and soil samples at p<0.01, p<0.05 and p < 0.001 respectively. The chromium bioaccumulation order were root edible > leaf edible > fruit edible vegetables. Environmental laws have to be strictly enforced and further researches are recommended.

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Laçin, Bengü, Burcu Ertit Taştan i Gönül Dönmez. "Detection of boron removal capacities of different microorganisms in wastewater and effective removal process". Water Science and Technology 72, nr 10 (4.08.2015): 1832–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.409.

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In this study boron removal capacities of different microorganisms were tested. Candida tropicalis, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus pumilus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aspergillus versicolor were examined for their boron bioaccumulation capacities in simulated municipal wastewater. A. versicolor and B. cereus were found as the most boron-tolerant microorganisms in the experiments. Also boron bioaccumulation yield of A. versicolor was 49.25% at 15 mg/L boron concentration. On the other hand biosorption experiments revealed that A. versicolor was more capable of boron removal in inactive form at the highest boron concentrations. In this paper maximum boron bioaccumulation yield was detected as 39.08% at 24.17 mg/L and the maximum boron biosorption yield was detected as 41.36% at 24.01 mg/L boron concentrations.

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Vallentyne, J. R. "A Tribute to Richard A. Vollenweider (1922-2007)". Water Quality Research Journal 42, nr 1 (1.02.2007): iv. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2007.001.

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Abstract This study evaluates the suitability of using Hyalella azteca as a predictor of the risk that tributyltin (TBT) poses to freshwater invertebrates by comparing the toxicity and bioaccumulation of TBT in H. azteca to five species: Hexagenia limbata, Physella gyrina, Tubifex tubifex, Chironomus riparius and Daphnia magna. Young from each species were added to aquaria containing sediment spiked with TBT concentrations of 0, 28.6, 258 and 1900 ng Sn/g dry weight. Chironomus riparius data could not be quantified reliably due to poor control survival. Bioaccumulation of TBT in the five remaining species was similar at sediment concentrations of 258 ng Sn/g, and the bioaccumulation relationships of P. gyrina and H. azteca were virtually identical. No toxicity was evident in any test species at body concentrations of 1100 to 1800 ng Sn/g. Body concentrations of 4000 to 6000 ng Sn/g were associated with significant (p < 0.05) mortality in H. limbata, P. gyrina, T. tubifex and D. magna, but not in H. azteca. However, bioaccumulation of TBT in H. azteca was comparable and can be used in predicting the effects of environmental TBT concentrations on these four species of freshwater invertebrates.

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Bartlett, Adrienne J., Uwe Borgmann, D. George Dixon, Suzanne P. Batchelor i R. James Maguire. "Comparison of Toxicity and Bioaccumulation of Tributyltin in Hyalella azteca and Five Other Freshwater Invertebrates". Water Quality Research Journal 42, nr 1 (1.02.2007): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2007.002.

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Abstract This study evaluates the suitability of using Hyalella azteca as a predictor of the risk that tributyltin (TBT) poses to freshwater invertebrates by comparing the toxicity and bioaccumulation of TBT in H. azteca to five species: Hexagenia limbata, Physella gyrina, Tubifex tubifex, Chironomus riparius and Daphnia magna. Young from each species were added to aquaria containing sediment spiked with TBT concentrations of 0,28.6, 258 and 1900 ng Sn/g dry weight. Chironomus riparius data could not be quantified reliably due to poor control survival. Bioaccumulation of TBT in the five remaining species was similar at sediment concentrations of 258 ng Sn/g, and the bioaccumulation relationships of P. gyrina and H. azteca were virtually identical. No toxicity was evident in any test species at body concentrations of 1100 to 1800 ng Sn/g. Body concentrations of 4000 to 6000 ng Sn/g were associated with significant (p < 0.05) mortality in H. limbata, P. gyrina, T. tubifex and D. magna, but not in H. azteca. However, bioaccumulation of TBT in H. azteca was comparable and can be used in predicting the effects of environmental TBT concentrations on these four species of freshwater invertebrates.

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