Artykuły w czasopismach: „Bifidobacterium lactis”

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Turroni, Francesca, Elena Foroni, Paola Pizzetti, Vanessa Giubellini, Angela Ribbera, Paolo Merusi, Patrizio Cagnasso i in. "Exploring the Diversity of the Bifidobacterial Population in the Human Intestinal Tract". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, nr 6 (23.01.2009): 1534–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02216-08.

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ABSTRACT Although the health-promoting roles of bifidobacteria are widely accepted, the diversity of bifidobacteria among the human intestinal microbiota is still poorly understood. We performed a census of bifidobacterial populations from human intestinal mucosal and fecal samples by plating them on selective medium, coupled with molecular analysis of selected rRNA gene sequences (16S rRNA gene and internally transcribed spacer [ITS] 16S-23S spacer sequences) of isolated colonies. A total of 900 isolates were collected, of which 704 were shown to belong to bifidobacteria. Analyses showed that the culturable bifidobacterial population from intestinal and fecal samples include six main phylogenetic taxa, i.e., Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium pseudolongum, Bifidobacterium breve, and Bifidobacterium bifidum, and two species mostly detected in fecal samples, i.e., Bifidobacterium dentium and Bifidobacterium animalis subp. lactis. Analysis of bifidobacterial distribution based on age of the subject revealed that certain identified bifidobacterial species were exclusively present in the adult human gut microbiota whereas others were found to be widely distributed. We encountered significant intersubject variability and composition differences between fecal and mucosa-adherent bifidobacterial communities. In contrast, a modest diversification of bifidobacterial populations was noticed between different intestinal regions within the same individual (intrasubject variability). Notably, a small number of bifidobacterial isolates were shown to display a wide ecological distribution, thus suggesting that they possess a broad colonization capacity.

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Ventura, Marco, i Ralf Zink. "Comparative Sequence Analysis of the tuf and recA Genes and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism of the Internal Transcribed Spacer Region Sequences Supply Additional Tools for Discriminating Bifidobacterium lactis from Bifidobacterium animalis". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69, nr 12 (grudzień 2003): 7517–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.12.7517-7522.2003.

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ABSTRACT The relationship between Bifidobacterium lactis and Bifidobacterium animalis was examined by comparative analysis of tuf and recA gene sequences and by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of their internal 16S-23S transcribed spacer region sequences. The bifidobacterial strains investigated could be divided into two distinct groups within a single species based on the tuf, recA, and 16S-23S spacer region sequence analysis. Therefore, all strains of B. lactis and B. animalis could be unified as the species B. animalis and divided into two subspecies, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. animalis.

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Candela, Marco, Simone Bergmann, Manuela Vici, Beatrice Vitali, Silvia Turroni, Bernhard J. Eikmanns, Sven Hammerschmidt i Patrizia Brigidi. "Binding of Human Plasminogen to Bifidobacterium". Journal of Bacteriology 189, nr 16 (8.06.2007): 5929–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00159-07.

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ABSTRACT Bifidobacteria constitute up to 3% of the total microbiota and represent one of the most important health-promoting bacterial groups of the human intestinal microflora. The presence of Bifidobacterium in the human gastrointestinal tract has been directly related to several health-promoting activities; however, to date, no information about the specific mechanisms of interaction with the host is available. In order to provide some insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in the interaction with the host, we investigated whether Bifidobacterium was able to capture human plasminogen on the cell surface. By using flow cytometry, we demonstrated a dose-dependent human plasminogen-binding activity for four strains belonging to three bifidobacterial species: Bifidobacterium lactis, B. bifidum, and B. longum. The binding of human plasminogen to Bifidobacterium was dependent on lysine residues of surface protein receptors. By using a proteomic approach, we identified five putative plasminogen-binding proteins in the cell wall fraction of the model strain B. lactis BI07. The data suggest that plasminogen binding to B. lactis is due to the concerted action of a number of proteins located on the bacterial cell surface, some of which are highly conserved cytoplasmic proteins which have other essential cellular functions. Our findings represent a step forward in understanding the mechanisms involved in the Bifidobacterium-host interaction.

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Ročková, Š., V. Rada, J. Havlík, R. Švejstil, E. Vlková, V. Bunešová, K. Janda i I. Profousová. "Growth of bifidobacteria in mammalian milk". Czech Journal of Animal Science 58, No. 3 (4.03.2013): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/6666-cjas.

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Microbial colonization of the mammalian intestine begins at birth, when from a sterile state a newborn infant is exposed to an external environment rich in various bacterial species. An important group of intestinal bacteria comprises bifidobacteria. Bifidobacteria represent major intestinal microbiota during the breast-feeding period. Animal milk contains all crucial nutrients for babies’ intestinal microflora. The aim of our work was to test the influence of different mammalian milk on the growth of bifidobacteria. The growth of seven strains of bifidobacteria in human milk, the colostrum of swine, cow’s milk, sheep’s milk, and rabbit’s milk was tested. Good growth accompanied by the production of lactic acid was observed not only in human milk, but also in the other kinds of milk in all three strains of Bifidobacterium bifidum of different origin. Human milk selectively supported the production of lactic acid of human bifidobacterial isolates, especially the Bifidobacterium bifidum species. The promotion of bifidobacteria by milk is species-specific. Human milk contains a key factor for the growth of specific species or strains of human-origin bifidobacteria compared to other kinds of milk. In contrast, some components (maybe lysozyme) of human milk inhibited the growth of Bifidobacterium animalis. Animal-origin strains of bifidobacteria were not able to significantly grow even in milk of animal origin, with the exception of B. animalis subsp. lactis 1,2, which slightly grew in sheep’s milk.

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Olszewska, M., B. Staniewski i Ł. Łaniewska-Trokenheim. "Cell viability of Bifidobacterium lactis strain in long-term storage butter assessed with the plate count and fluorescence techniques". Czech Journal of Food Sciences 30, No. 5 (25.07.2012): 421–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/330/2011-cjfs.

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Great interest in functional products containing bacterial strains displaying health-promoting properties is expressed worldwide and is as a result connected with a demand for developing new probiotic-based products, especially those containing bifidobacteria. The Bifidobacterium strains play a key role in gastrointestinal homeostasis, providing many health-related attributes, but as fastidious microorganisms require specific conditions (e.g. anaerobic environment, neutral pH) to survive in the long-term at the needed level above 106 cfu/g. In consequence, not every food product guarantees optimal maintenance of Bifidobacterium viability. From this point of view, the objective of the study was to examine the survival of Bifidobacterium lactis strain in butter during long-term refrigerated storage. Two enumeration techniques: microscopic LIVE/DEAD® and plating were compared by monitoring bifidobacterial counts for 4 weeks. The plate method was characterised by underestimation of the cell counts in relation to the results evaluated microscopically. However, the good survival exhibited by B. lactis was found with both techniques. Moreover, the microscopic LIVE/DEAD® method permitted to trace delicate changes in the viable/non-viable bifidobacterial population at the single-cell level.

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Marsaux, Benoît, Pieter Van den Abbeele, Jonas Ghyselinck, Guénolée Prioult, Massimo Marzorati i Biljana Bogićević. "Synbiotic Effect of Bifidobacterium lactis CNCM I-3446 and Bovine Milk-Derived Oligosaccharides on Infant Gut Microbiota". Nutrients 12, nr 8 (29.07.2020): 2268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12082268.

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Background: This study evaluated the impact of Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis CNCM I-3446, Bovine Milk-derived OligoSaccharides (BMOS) and their combination on infant gut microbiota in vitro. In addition, a novel strategy consisting of preculturing B. lactis with BMOS to further enhance their potential synbiotic effects was assessed. Method: Short-term fecal batch fermentations (48 h) were used to assess the microbial composition and activity modulated by BMOS alone, B. lactis grown on BMOS or dextrose alone, or their combinations on different three-month-old infant microbiota. Results: BMOS alone significantly induced acetate and lactate production (leading to pH decrease) and stimulated bifidobacterial growth in 10 donors. A further in-depth study on two different donors proved B. lactis ability to colonize the infant microbiota, regardless of the competitiveness of the environment. BMOS further enhanced this engraftment, suggesting a strong synbiotic effect. This was also observed at the microbiota activity level, especially in a donor containing low initial levels of bifidobacteria. In this donor, preculturing B. lactis with BMOS strengthened further the early modulation of microbiota activity observed after 6 h. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the strong synbiotic effect of BMOS and B. lactis on the infant gut microbiota, and suggests a strategy to improve its effectiveness in an otherwise low-Bifidobacterium microbiota.

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Van der Meulen, Roel, Tom Adriany, Kristof Verbrugghe i Luc De Vuyst. "Kinetic Analysis of Bifidobacterial Metabolism Reveals a Minor Role for Succinic Acid in the Regeneration of NAD+ through Its Growth-Associated Production". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, nr 8 (sierpień 2006): 5204–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00146-06.

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ABSTRACT Several strains belonging to the genus Bifidobacterium were tested to determine their abilities to produce succinic acid. Bifidobacterium longum strain BB536 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strain Bb 12 were kinetically analyzed in detail using in vitro fermentations to obtain more insight into the metabolism and production of succinic acid by bifidobacteria. Changes in end product formation in strains of Bifidobacterium could be related to the specific rate of sugar consumption. When the specific sugar consumption rate increased, relatively more lactic acid and less acetic acid, formic acid, and ethanol were produced, and vice versa. All Bifidobacterium strains tested produced small amounts of succinic acid; the concentrations were not more than a few millimolar. Succinic acid production was found to be associated with growth and stopped when the energy source was depleted. The production of succinic acid contributed to regeneration of a small part of the NAD+, in addition to the regeneration through the production of lactic acid and ethanol.

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Bozkurt, Hüseyin. "A NEW BACTERIAL TRANSFER THERAPY FOR IBD: ENDOSCOPIC BIFIDOBACTERIUM AND XYLOGLUCAN ADMINISTRATION". Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 27, Supplement_1 (1.01.2021): S37—S38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izaa347.091.

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Abstract Ulcerative colitis (UC) pathogenesis includes the altered gut microbiota, environmental factors, and human immune and genetic predisposition. Recently, its association with reduced bifidobacteria quantity in the microbiota is reported.Xyloglucan, a plant based prebiotic oligosaccharide, causes increase in bifidobacteria quantity. In this article we share the results of our UC cases treated by intracolonic single dose administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. Lactis and xyloglucan combination. Intracolonic single dose administration of 200 billion CFUs of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and 4 gr of xyloglucan combination was administrated to ten severe UC patients, who were either unresponsive or had inadequate response to treatment. All patients continued treatment after the procedure. Treatment responses were evaluated by colonoscopic, laboratory and clinical examination after 6 weeks. Intracolonic single dose administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and xyloglucan was found effective in the mucosal healing and resolution of colonic symptoms in ulcerative colitis patients. Intracolonic administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and xyloglucan in UC is a new single strain and strain specific prebiotic combination method. It is easy to apply and has no observable side effect. Its effectiveness on mucosal healing could be attributed to the enhancement of non-stimulatory status and biodiversity in colonic mucosa. Nonetheless, it is still necessary to develop diagnostic strategies to determine the patients to whom this method would be the most applicable.

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Bozkurt, Hüseyin. "PROBIOTIC BIFIDOBACTERIUM AND A NEW GENERATION POSTBIOTIC: ALGINIC ACID". Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 29, Supplement_1 (26.01.2023): S48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izac247.091.

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Abstract AIMS OF THE STUDY According to International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus (2019),Postbiotics are defined as a preparation of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components that confers a health benefit on the host. Postbiotic Alginic acid, also called algin, is a naturally occurring, edible exopolysaccharide found in brown algae. Alginic acid and its Na/Ca salt form of Alginate show the capability in water-binding, water-retention water, and immense swelling and gelation, which could act as a protective barrier via promoting biofilm formation on the bacterial cell surfaces. Alginic acid is a potent inducer of Th1 pathway.We aimed to analyze the Postbiotic alginate formed by the human intestinal beneficial bacteria, bifidobacteria,by degrading sodium alginate. METHODS In these study, which were designed in Yildiz Technical University / Istanbul, Biohybrid films were produced by using both Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.lactis BB-12 probiotic strain and Bifidobacterium infantis in combination with sodium alginate (SA), which demonstrates biocompatibility and facilitated gelation properties in aeorobic atmospheric condition were considered as bifidobacterial surfactan source. RESULTS In biohybrid biofilm study(1), based on the spectroscopic and mechanical analysis, it was found that mechanical strength increased in films produced by adding Bifidobacterium infantis in SA while this increase was relatively lower as compared to those containing Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 as crosslinking ratio increases. Besides, bacteria contained in bio-hybrid films increased the percentage of amorphous zone of SA in SA/bacteria films, which reduced the crystallinity ratio. This indicated that crystalline chains contained in the structure of SA are degraded by probiotic bifidobacteria(Fig.1) CONCLUSIONS This is the first study that Biohybrid biosurfactan that contains Bifidobacterium infantis, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 and SA structures coated medical/nonmedical devices and sets can be a pioneering approach to reduce carbon emissions, as well as to prevent secondary infections and increase device protection. Also, It paved the way for the postbiotic use of alginic acid/Alginate by probiotic Bifidobacteria.

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Sidarenka, Anastasiya, Leonid Valentovich i Galina Novik. "Evaluation of probiotic potential of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strains: an in vitro study". EuroBiotech Journal 1, nr 2 (9.05.2017): 182–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.24190/issn2564-615x/2017/02.12.

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Abstract Probiotic potential of two bifidobacterial strains isolated from feces of healthy adults and identified as Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis was evaluated using in vitro testing. The analyzed strains were able to ferment a broad spectrum of carbohydrates, produced bioactive exopolysaccharides, demonstrated high survival rate in model GIT conditions, under heat and oxidative stresses, inhibited growth of a wide range of pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria, and proved to be safe for biotechnological application. Based on the complex phenotypic characteristics tested, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis may be regarded as prospective probiotic cultures.

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Torshin, I. Yu, O. A. Gromova, N. K. Tetruashvili i A. L. Unanyan. "Synergistic interactions between bifidobacteria and vitamins for health support of a pregnant women and the fetus". Voprosy ginekologii, akušerstva i perinatologii 19, nr 5 (2020): 102–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1726-1678-2020-5-102-113.

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Correction of the microbiota profile using prebiotics and probiotic strains of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli is important not only for the nutritional support during pregnancy, but also for the long-term health support of the mother and child. In this study, we performed systematic computer analysis of all available fundamental and clinical studies assessing interactions between probiotic bifidobacteria and various vitamins (B vitamins, vitamins A, C, E, D, etc.). We found that vitamins produce substantial amounts of vitamins (primarily folates and other B vitamins). Using the example of genome and proteome analysis of the probiotic strain BB-12 of Bifidobacterium lactis, we assessed molecular mechanisms underlying interactions of this strain with vitamins and trace elements. Key words: probiotics, microbiota, BB-12 strain of B. lactis, pregnancy, docosahexaenoic acid, vitamin D, folic acid, synergy of vitamins and bifidobacterial

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Bozkurt, Hüseyin. "P077 A NEW TREATMENT APPROACH FOR INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE: INTRACOLONIC BIFIDOBACTERIUM AND XYLOGLUCAN APPLICATION". Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 26, Supplement_1 (styczeń 2020): S35—S36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ibd/zaa010.090.

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Abstract Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis includes the altered gut microbiota, environmental factors, human immune responses and genetic. Reduced bifidobacteria level is associated with IBD. Xyloglucan is a plant based prebiotic oligosaccharide. Bifidobacteria level is increased in the presence of xyloglucan. In this article we aim to share the results of our cases; Ulcerative colitis (UC) patients treated by intracolonic single administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and Xyloglucan combination. Methods Ten UC patients were evaluated; before and after intracolonic single administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and Xyloglucan combination with colonoscopic laboratory and clinical examination. Results Age, sex, diagnosis, disease location, previous medications are summarized in Table 1. All the patients had active ulcerative colitis disease before the administration. The Mayo Score was used to assess the severity of UC. 2 cases had extensive colitis and 8 patients had left-sided colitis. After 6 weeks of the administration mucosal healing and resolution of colonic symptoms were seen. These results are summarized in Table 2. Of the 10 cases, 7 were undertaken 5-ASA +Azathiopurine and three were undertaken vedolizumab treatment. Intracolonic single Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and xyloglucan administration was found effective in the mucosal healing and resolution of colonic symptoms in ulcerative colitis patients. Conclusions Herein we reported the importance of Bifidobacterium and xylooligosaccharide combination in IBD. Colonoscopic single Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and xyloglucan administration is a new method that has no side effect and easy to apply for treatment of IBD.This application might provide enhancement of non-stimulatory status and higher biodiversity in colonic mucosa so mucosal healing may be improved rapidly. However, it would be necessary to develop diagnostic strategies in order to discriminate which patients would benefit from this strategy.

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Beitāne, Ilze, i Inga Ciproviča. "Nutritional Benefits of Bifidobacterium Lactis in Dairy Products". Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences 67, nr 4-5 (1.11.2013): 378–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2013-0064.

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Abstract Bifidobacteria are one of the most important probiotics in dairy products. They have positive effects on human health. Nutritional benefits of bifidobacteria are genetically determined and can be promoted with addition of prebiotics. The aim of the present study was to examine the properties of Bifidobacterium lactis in dairy products. Pasteurised milk, freeze-dried starter culture Bb-12 (Bifidobacterium lactis, Chr. Hansen, Denmark), syrup of lactulose (Duphalac®, the Netherlands), and inulin (“Raftiline®HP”, ORAFI, Belgium) were used in the experiments. The optimal concentrations of lactulose (2%) and inulin (4%) were established in preliminary studies, based on quality indices and nutritional value of fermented dairy products (Beitane, 2008). Amino acids, carbohydrates, such as lactose, lactulose and inulin, as well as cholesterol were determined during the study using appropriate analytical procedures. The enzymatic activity of bifidobacteria determines nutritional value of the fermented dairy products. Addition of 2% lactulose resulted in significant increase of some amino acid concentrations, such as leucine, phenylalanine, lysine and arginine concentrations (P < 0.05), compared with those in other treatments. The presence of prebiotics caused a decrease of cholesterol level by 35% and lactose content by 31% in fermented milk samples. The enzymatic activity of bifidobacteria should be promoted with addition of lactulose and inulin to increase nutritional value of functional dairy products.

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Slačanac, V., M. Lučan, J. Hardi, V. Krstanović i D. Koceva-Komlenić. "Fermentation of honey-sweetened soymilk with Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12 and Bifidobacterium longum Bb-46: fermentation activity of bifidobacteria and in vitro antagonistic effect against Listeria monocytogenes FSL N1-017". Czech Journal of Food Sciences 30, No. 4 (13.06.2012): 321–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/190/2011-cjfs.

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The influence of the honey addition on the fermentative activity of Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12 and Bifidobacterium longum Bb-46 in soymilk was determined. Additionally, the inhibitory potential of honey-sweetened fermented soymilk against Listeria monocytogenes strain was examined. Two monofloral honey types were added to soymilk before the fermentation: dark-coloured chestnut honey and light-coloured acacia honey. On the basis of our previous studies on cow and goat milks, the basic hypothesis of this study was that the addition of honey could influence the growth of Bifidobacterium lactis and Bifidobacterium longum during the fermentation of soymilk. The addition of honey also influenced the decrease of raffinose and stachyose contents during fermentation. Furthermore, a higher inhibitory potential was assumed against Listeria monocytogenes caused by the honey addition. The obtained results show that both types of honey influenced the fermentative activity and numbers of Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12 and Bifidobacterium longum Bb-46 viable cells in soymilk. Chestnut honey strongly influenced the acidity increase during the soymilk fermentation. A disc assay showed that the development of the inhibition zones of the growth depended on the type and concentration of honey, as well as on the type of milk. The chestnut honey had generally a higher inhibitory effect than acacia honey.  

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Ventura, Marco, Roberto Reniero i Ralf Zink. "Specific Identification and Targeted Characterization ofBifidobacterium lactis from Different Environmental Isolates by a Combined Multiplex-PCR Approach". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, nr 6 (1.06.2001): 2760–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.6.2760-2765.2001.

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ABSTRACT The species Bifidobacterium lactis, with its main representative strain Bb12 (DSM 10140), is a yoghurt isolate used as a probiotic strain and is commercially applied in different types of yoghurts and infant formulas. In order to ensure the genetic identity and safety of this bacterial isolate, species- and strain-specific molecular tools for genetic fingerprinting must be available to identify isolated bifidobacteria or lactic acid bacteria from, e.g., various clinical environments of relevance in medical microbiology. Two opposing rRNA gene-targeted primers have been developed for specific detection of this microorganism by PCR. The specificity of this approach was evaluated and verified with DNA samples isolated from single and mixed cultures of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli (48 isolates, including the type strains of 29Bifidobacterium and 9 Lactobacillusspecies). Furthermore, we performed a Multiplex-PCR using oligonucleotide primers targeting a specific region of the 16S rRNA gene for the genus Bifidobacterium and a conserved eubacterial 16S rDNA sequence. The specificity and sensitivity of this detection with a pure culture of B. lactis were, respectively, 100 bacteria/ml after 25 cycles of PCR and 1 to 10 bacteria/ml after a 50-cycle nested-PCR approach.

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Gueimonde, Miguel, Christel Garrigues, Douwe van Sinderen, Clara G. de los Reyes-Gavilï¿½n i Abelardo Margolles. "Bile-Inducible Efflux Transporter from Bifidobacterium longum NCC2705, Conferring Bile Resistance". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, nr 10 (20.03.2009): 3153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00172-09.

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ABSTRACT Bifidobacteria are normal inhabitants of the human gut. Some strains of this genus are considered health promoting or probiotic, being included in numerous food products. In order to exert their health benefits, these bacteria must overcome biological barriers, including bile salts, to colonize and survive in specific parts of the intestinal tract. The role of multidrug resistance (MDR) transporters in bile resistance of probiotic bacteria and the effect of bile on probiotic gene expression are not fully understood. In the present study, the effect of subinhibitory concentrations of bile on the expression levels of predicted MDR genes from three different bifidobacterial strains, belonging to Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum, Bifidobacterium breve, and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis, was tested. In this way, two putative MDR genes whose expression was induced by bile, BL0920 from B. longum and its homolog, Bbr0838, from B. breve, were identified. The expression of the BL0920 gene in Escherichia coli was shown to confer resistance to bile, likely to be mediated by active efflux from the cells. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first identified bifidobacterial bile efflux pump whose expression is induced by bile.

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Sun, Zhihong, Xia Chen, Jicheng Wang, Pengfei Gao, Zhemin Zhou, Yi Ren, Tiansong Sun i in. "Complete Genome Sequence of Probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Strain V9". Journal of Bacteriology 192, nr 15 (28.05.2010): 4080–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00369-10.

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ABSTRACT Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strain V9 is a Chinese commercial bifidobacteria with several probiotic functions. It was isolated from a healthy Mongolian child in China. We present here the complete genome sequence of V9 and compare it to 3 other published genome sequences of B. animalis subsp. lactis strains. The result indicates the lack of polymorphism among strains of this subspecies from different continents.

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Negara, Bertoka Fajar Surya Perwira, i Jae Suk Choi. "Bifidobacterium lactis Inhibits iNOS Expression in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages". Indonesian Biomedical Journal 14, nr 2 (28.06.2022): 199–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.18585/inabj.v14i2.1929.

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BACKGROUND: Bifidobacterium is a genus of lactic acid bacteria that lives in the large intestine of humans and animals. The health benefits of this genus are well established; however, the anti-inflammatory activity of this genus, specifically Bifidobacterium lactis, has not been well defined. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated anti-inflammatory activity of B. lactis hydrolysates using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages.METHODS: RAW 264.7 cells were cultured using Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium in 5 % CO2 incubator at 37 ℃. One µg/mL of LPS was used to stimulate RAW 264.7 cells. Nitric oxide (NO) production, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were measured to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity of B. lactis hydrolysates. The cytotoxicity of the inhibitor was also measured in present study through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay.RESULTS: The results showed that B. lactis hydrolysates at 25–200 μg/mL inhibited NO production. In concentration-dependent manner, B. lactis hydrolysate showed inhibition of iNOS expression. However, no inhibition on COX-2 expression was observed. The MTS assay of the B. lactis hydrolysates showed no side effects on the cell viability at all concentrations.CONCLUSION: The current study revealed that B. lactis hydrolysates possess specific anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting iNOS expression without cytotoxicity and therefore could potentially be developed as a new iNOS inhibitor.KEYWORDS: Bifidobacterium lactis, macrophages, hydrolysates, iNOS, COX-2

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Mäkeläinen, H., S. Forssten, M. Saarinen, J. Stowell, N. Rautonen i A. Ouwehand. "Xylo-oligosaccharides enhance the growth of bifidobacteria and Bifidobacterium lactis in a simulated colon model". Beneficial Microbes 1, nr 1 (1.03.2010): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/bm2009.0025.

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A semi-continuous, anaerobic colon simulator, with four vessels mimicking the conditions of the human large intestine, was used to study the fermentation of xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS). Three XOS compounds and a xylan preparation were fermented for 48 hours by human colonic microbes. Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) were used as a prebiotic reference. As a result of the fermentation, the numbers of Bifidobacterium increased in all XOS and xylan simulations when compared to the growth observed in the baseline simulations, and increased levels of Bifidobacterium lactis were measured with the two XOS compounds that had larger distribution of the degree of polymerisation. Fermentation of XOS and xylan increased the microbial production of short chain fatty acids in the simulator vessels; especially the amounts of butyrate and acetate were increased. XOS was more efficient than FOS in increasing the numbers of B. lactis in the colonic model, whereas FOS increased the Bifidobacterium longum numbers more. The selective fermentation of XOS by B. lactis has been demonstrated in pure culture studies, and these results further indicate that the combination of B. lactis and XOS would form a successful, selective synbiotic combination.

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MacConaill, Laura E., Gerald F. Fitzgerald i Douwe van Sinderen. "Investigation of Protein Export in Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69, nr 12 (grudzień 2003): 6994–7001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.12.6994-7001.2003.

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ABSTRACT The molecular interactions between the bifidobacterial cell and its natural environment, namely, the gastrointestinal tract of its host, are particularly important in understanding the presumed positive effects of Bifidobacterium on the health status of the host. In this study an export-specific reporter system, designed for use in gram-positive organisms and based on the use of the staphylococcal nuclease (Nuc) as a reporter, was employed to identify exported proteins in Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003. A B. breve genomic library of translational fusions to the Nuc-encoding gene devoid of its own export signal was established in the shuttle vector pFUN (I. Poquet, S. D. Ehrlich, and A. Gruss, J. Bacteriol. 180:1904-1912, 1998) and screened for bifidobacterial export signals. Sequence analysis of the fusion proteins obtained that displayed a nuclease-producing phenotype in both Lactococcus lactis and B. breve predicted the presence of a classical signal peptide and/or single or multiple transmembrane domains, thus indicating that some of the export signals in B. breve are comparable to those used in L. lactis. Cell fractionation studies, zymograms, nuclease assays, and Western blotting were employed to confirm the function of the predicted signals and to determine the location and activity of the exported fusion proteins in B. breve and/or L. lactis.

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Kim, Jihyun F., Haeyoung Jeong, Dong Su Yu, Sang-Haeng Choi, Cheol-Goo Hur, Myeong-Soo Park, Sung Ho Yoon i in. "Genome Sequence of the Probiotic Bacterium Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis AD011". Journal of Bacteriology 191, nr 2 (14.11.2008): 678–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01515-08.

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ABSTRACT Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis is a probiotic bacterium that naturally inhabits the guts of most mammals, including humans. Here we report the complete genome sequence of B. animalis subsp. lactis AD011 that was isolated from an infant fecal sample. Biological functions encoded in a single circular chromosome of 1,933,695 bp, smallest among the completely sequenced bifidobacterial genomes, are suggestive of their probiotic functions, such as utilization of bifidogenic factors and a variety of glycosidic enzymes and biosynthesis of polysaccharides.

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Yang, Bo, Yingqi Chen, Catherine Stanton, R. Paul Ross, Yuan-Kun Lee, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang i Wei Chen. "Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus Composition at Species Level and Gut Microbiota Diversity in Infants before 6 Weeks". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, nr 13 (5.07.2019): 3306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20133306.

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Our objective was to investigate the effects of different delivery and feeding modes on the gut microbiota composition of early infants with special emphasis on Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus profiles at species level. 16S rRNA V3-V4 regions, bifidobacterial, and lactobacilli groEL genes from infant feces were sequenced by Illumina MiSeq. Gut microbiota abundance was significantly different, where standard vaginally delivered (SVD) and breast-fed (BF) groups were higher in comparison with caesarean section (CS), milk-powder-fed (MPF), and mixed-fed (MF) groups. The genus unclassified Enterobacteriaceae was dominant, followed by Bifidobacterium, which was highly abundant in SVD and BF groups. The dominant Bifidobacterium species in all groups were B. longum subsp. longum, B. longum subsp. infantis and B. animalis subsp. lactis. B. dentium and the diversity of Bifidobacterium in SVD and BF groups were significantly higher. For Lactobacillus profiles, L. rhamnosus and L. gasseri were dominant among all the groups, while Lactobacillus species in CS and MPF groups were more diverse. Functional predictions showed significant differences between delivery mode and feeding groups, such as phosphotransferase system as well as taurine and hypotaurine metabolism. In early infants with different delivery and feeding methods, gut microbiota—particularly bifidobacteria and lactobacilli communities—showed significant differences, with strong implications for physiological functions.

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Masco, Liesbeth, Marco Ventura, Ralf Zink, Geert Huys i Jean Swings. "Polyphasic taxonomic analysis of Bifidobacterium animalis and Bifidobacterium lactis reveals relatedness at the subspecies level: reclassification of Bifidobacterium animalis as Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. animalis subsp. nov. and Bifidobacterium lactis as Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis subsp. nov." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 54, nr 4 (1.07.2004): 1137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.03011-0.

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Ventura, Marco, Carlos Canchaya, Douwe van Sinderen, Gerald F. Fitzgerald i Ralf Zink. "Bifidobacterium lactis DSM 10140: Identification of the atp (atpBEFHAGDC) Operon and Analysis of Its Genetic Structure, Characteristics, and Phylogeny". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, nr 5 (maj 2004): 3110–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.5.3110-3121.2004.

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ABSTRACT The atp operon is highly conserved among eubacteria, and it has been considered a molecular marker as an alternative to the 16S rRNA gene. PCR primers were designed from the consensus sequences of the atpD gene to amplify partial atpD sequences from 12 Bifidobacterium species and nine Lactobacillus species. All PCR products were sequenced and aligned with other atpD sequences retrieved from public databases. Genes encoding the subunits of the F1F0-ATPase of Bifidobacterium lactis DSM 10140 (atpBEFHAGDC) were cloned and sequenced. The deduced amino acid sequences of these subunits showed significant homology with the sequences of other organisms. We identified specific sequence signatures for the genus Bifidobacterium and for the closely related taxa Bifidobacterium lactis and Bifidobacterium animalis and Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus johnsonii, which could provide an alternative to current methods for identification of lactic acid bacterial species. Northern blot analysis showed that there was a transcript at approximately 7.3 kb, which corresponded to the size of the atp operon, and a transcript at 4.5 kb, which corresponded to the atpC, atpD, atpG, and atpA genes. The transcription initiation sites of these two mRNAs were mapped by primer extension, and the results revealed no consensus promoter sequences. Phylogenetic analysis of the atpD genes demonstrated that the Lactobacillus atpD gene clustered with the genera Listeria, Lactococcus, Streptococcus, and Enterococcus and that the higher G+C content and highly biased codon usage with respect to the genome average support the hypothesis that there was probably horizontal gene transfer. The acid inducibility of the atp operon of B. lactis DSM 10140 was verified by slot blot hybridization by using RNA isolated from acid-treated cultures of B. lactis DSM 10140. The rapid increase in the level of atp operon transcripts upon exposure to low pH suggested that the ATPase complex of B. lactis DSM 10140 was regulated at the level of transcription and not at the enzyme assembly step.

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Yuniaty, Tetty, Fiva Kadi, Hadyana Sukandar, Mifta Novikasari, Pensri Kosuwon, Enea Rezzonico, Paiboon Piyabanditkul, Leilani Lestarina i Marco Turini. "Impact of Bifidobacterium lactis supplementation on fecal microbiota in infants delivered vaginally compared to Caesarean section". Paediatrica Indonesiana 53, nr 2 (30.04.2013): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi53.2.2013.89-98.

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Background It has been reported that infants born by Caesareansection have altered gut microbiota, with lower n umbers ofbifidobacteria and Bacteroides, compared to that of infants whowere delivered vaginally. Probiotic supplementation has beenreported to have beneficial effects on the immune response,generally in relation to allergies.Objective To assess the effect of Bifidobacterium lactis (B. lactis)supplementation on the presence of B. lactis and bifidobacteriacounts in stool of infants during the first 2 months of life .Methods We conducted an observational study of 122 healthy,breast-fed infants delivered vaginally or by Caesarean section.Infants assigned to the test group received breast milk and formulasupplemented with the B. lactis probiotics. Infants in the controlgroup received breast milk and formula without probiotics.The presence of B. lactis and stool bifidobacteria counts weredetermined at 1 month and 2 months of age. Growth, morbidity,serum immune markers, and stool immunoglobulin (lg) A werealso assessed.Results B. lactis was more frequently detected in the stool ofinfants who received breast milk and probiotic-supplementedformula than in stool of infants who received breast milk andnon-supplemented formula, both at 1 month and 2 months ofage (OR 1,263; 95%Cl 11 to 15 1,030; P=0.003) . Of infants whoreceived probiotic-supplemented formula, B. lactis was detected in80% of those delivered by Caesarean section and in 3 8% of thosedelivered vaginally, at the 1-month mark. In infants delivered byCaesarean section, the mean stool bifidobacteria level at 1 monthwas significantly higher in the probiotic-supplemented groupcompared to that of the non-supplemented group (P=0.021) .Conclusion Early bifidobacteria supplementation of infants,particularly those delivered by Caesarean section, is associatedwith higher levels of stool bifidobacteria. Anthropometric datasuggests beneficial effect s of bifidobacteria supplementationon infant growth, though most are not statistically significant.

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Lee, Ji Yeon, i Chang-Ho Kang. "Probiotics Alleviate Oxidative Stress in H2O2-Exposed Hepatocytes and t-BHP-Induced C57BL/6 Mice". Microorganisms 10, nr 2 (21.01.2022): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10020234.

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Antioxidants protect against oxidative stress that can damage proteins, the cellular immune system, and DNA. In recent studies, probiotics have been shown to impart a microbial balance to the gastrointestinal tract, demonstrating significant antioxidant capacity. In this study, the probiotic properties and antioxidant mechanism of probiotics were evaluated in HepG2 cells and in an animal model. The characteristics of Lactococcus lactis MG5125, Bifidobacterium bifidum MG731, and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis MG741, which were used as lactic acid bacteria in this study, were analyzed. The results revealed the safety and stability of these probiotics in the gastrointestinal tract because they did not cause hemolysis and had excellent intestinal adhesion (75–84%). In HepG2 cells, the three probiotics alleviated H2O2-induced oxidative stress by mediating lipid peroxidation and glutathione levels and upregulating antioxidant enzymes, including catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase. In the tBHP-induced mouse model, administration of the three probiotics reduced hepatic aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and lipid peroxidation levels. In conclusion, Lc. lactis MG5125, B. bifidum MG731, and B. lactis MG741 showed considerable antioxidant activity both in vitro and in vivo.

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Rahman, Dida Hani, Ikeu Tanziha i Sri Usmiati. "FORMULASI PRODUK SUSU FERMENTASI KERING DENGAN PENAMBAHAN BAKTERI PROBIOTIK Lactobacillus casei DAN Bifidobacterium longum". Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan 7, nr 1 (1.03.2012): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2012.7.1.50-.

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Fermented milk is a healthy product that has many benefits especially for human digestive tract. Manufacturing of probiotic fermented milk products as a functional food with a viable long shelf life needs to be developed. The purpose of this study was to formulate a dried fermented milk product using probiotic bacterias. The experimental design study was a complete random design with 4 treatments using different lactic acid bacteria (LAB): A1 (Streptococcus lactis: 0.5%); A2 (Streptococcus lactis: 0.25% and Lactobacillus casei: 0.25%); A3 (Streptococcus lactis: 0.25%, Lactobacillus bulgaricus: 0.125%, Streptococcus thermophiles: 0.125%); and A4 (Streptococcus lactis: 0.25% and Bifidobacterium longum: 0.25%). The highest level of hardness was A2 product and the highest level of tenderness is A1 product. Results of proximate analysis showed that dried fermented milk products had high levels of the protein, calcium, and phosphorus. Microbiological test results showed that the amount of lactic acid bacteria (BAL) in dried fermented milk products were eligible based on CODEX: 243 (2003). Statictical analysis using ANOVA in the hedonic quality test showed that the treatments were significantly different (p 0.05) on the attributes of color, aroma, hardness, and flavor except texture.

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Al-Saman, Mahmoud Abd El-Hamid, Rafaat M. Elsanhoty i A. E. Elhadary. "The impact of oil type and lactic acid bacteria on conjugated linoleic acid production". Journal of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology 4, nr 2 (30.12.2016): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.54987/jobimb.v4i2.306.

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This work was conducted to investigate the effect of oil type and lactic acid bacteria on the conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) production in MRS medium. The ability of eight strains of lactic acids bacteria; Lactobacillus acidophilus (P2, ATCC 20552), Lactobacillus brevis (P102), Lactobacillus casei (P9, DSMZ 20011), Lactobacillus plantarum (P1), Lactobacillus pentosus (P4), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (P5, TISTR 541), Bifidobacterium longum (BL) and Bifidobacterium lactis (P7, Bb-12) for the production of CLA in the MRS broth was investigated. Two vegetable oils (sun flower oil & linseed oil) and cod liver oil were used as substrates in MRS media. The oils were added to MRS in concentration of 10 mg/ml and incubated for three days at 37Â°C. The ability of lactic acid bacteria under the investigation as inhibitors were evaluated by the determination of the amount of conjugated linoleic acid at the end of the fermentation period. The results indicated that there were significant differences between the microorganisms in their ability to produce CLA. Furthermore, there were significant differences between oil types as substrate on the impact of CLA production. Bifidobacterium lactis showed the highest production of CLA (618.13 Âµg/ml) in MRS media fortified with cod liver oil. From the results, it can be concluded that there were positive impacts for both oils and lactic acid bacteria on the production of CLA. Therefore, the lactic acid bacteria grown in these oils can be utilized for probiotic production purposes and to produce other bioactive compounds.

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Bozkurt, Huseyin Sancar, i Banu Kara. "A new treatment for ulcerative colitis: Intracolonic Bifidobacterium and xyloglucan application". European Journal of Inflammation 18 (styczeń 2020): 205873922094262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2058739220942626.

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Ulcerative colitis (UC) pathogenesis includes the altered gut microbiota, environmental factors, and human immune and genetic predisposition. Recently, its association with reduced bifidobacteria quantity in the microbiota is reported. Xyloglucan, a plant-based prebiotic oligosaccharide, causes increase in bifidobacteria quantity. In this article, we share the results of our UC cases treated by intracolonic single-dose administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and xyloglucan combination. Intracolonic single-dose administration of 200 billion colony-forming units (CFUs) of B. animalis subsp. lactis and 4 g of xyloglucan combination was administrated to 10 severe UC patients, who were either unresponsive or had inadequate response to treatment. All patients continued treatment after the procedure. Treatment responses were evaluated by colonoscopic, laboratory, and clinical examination after 6 weeks. Intracolonic single-dose administration of B. animalis subsp. lactis and xyloglucan was found effective in the mucosal healing and resolution of colonic symptoms in UC patients. Intracolonic administration of B. animalis subsp. lactis and xyloglucan in UC is a new single-strain and strain-specific prebiotic combination method. It is easy to apply and has no observable side effect. Its effectiveness on mucosal healing could be attributed to the enhancement of non-stimulatory status and biodiversity in colonic mucosa. Nonetheless, it is still necessary to develop diagnostic strategies to determine the patients to whom this method would be the most applicable.

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Ventura, Marco, i Ralf Zink. "Rapid Identification, Differentiation, and Proposed New Taxonomic Classification of Bifidobacterium lactis". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68, nr 12 (grudzień 2002): 6429–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.68.12.6429-6434.2002.

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ABSTRACT Identification of Bifidobacterium lactis and Bifidobacterium animalis is problematic because of phenotypic and genetic homogeneities and has raised the question of whether they belong to one unique taxon. Analysis of the 16S-23S internally transcribed spacer region of B. lactis DSM10140T, B. animalis ATCC 25527T, and six potential B. lactis strains suggested two distinct clusters. Two specific 16S-23S spacer rRNA gene-targeted primers have been developed for specific detection of B. animalis. All of the molecular techniques used (B. lactis or B. animalis PCR primers, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR) demonstrated that B. lactis and B. animalis form two main groups and suggest a revision of the strains assigned to B. animalis. We propose that B. lactis should be separated from B. animalis at the subspecies level.

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Pyle, S., R. A. Rastall i G. R. Gibson. "Metabolism of Wheat Dextrin, Partially Hydrolysed Guar Gum and Inulin by Bifidobacterium lactis or Lactobacillus acidophilus in an In Vitro Gut Model Fermentation System". International Journal of Probiotics and Prebiotics 16, nr 1 (4.01.2021): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37290/ijpp2641-7197.16:22-30.

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Combining the fibres wheat dextrin (WD), partially hydrolysed guar gum (PHGG) and inulin with probiotics Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM (NCFM) or Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 (HN019) may enhance bacterial metabolites leading to a healthier gut community. The aim of this study was to determine whether WD, PHGG and inulin or NCFM and HN019 alone generate a more favourable gut bacterial community than when combined. A secondary aim was to assess organic acid production following prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotic fermentation. An in vitro gut model batch culture fermentation was run for 72h. Samples were collected for bacterial enumeration (fluorescent in situ hybridisation combined with flow cytometry) and organic acid production (gas chromatography). Inulin and HN019 combination significantly increased bifidobacteria compared to inulin alone. Additionally, a significant increase in lactic acid bacteria, Bacteroides and Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale was found in the inulin containing probiotic vessels. The WD and PHGG vessels combined with the probiotic did not show any alteration in bacterial metabolism compared to the dietary fibres alone. In conclusion, synbiotic inulin combined with either HN019 or NCFM may help to enhance bacterial metabolites and cross-feeding to lead to a prolonged elevation in Bifidobacterium spp., and lactic acid bacteria.

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Borshchev, Yury Y., Inessa Y. Burovenko, Alena B. Karaseva, Sarkis M. Minasian, Egor S. Protsak, Victor Y. Borshchev, Natalia Y. Semenova, Olga V. Borshcheva, Alexander N. Suvorov i Michael M. Galagudza. "Probiotic Therapy with Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Results in Infarct Size Limitation in Rats with Obesity and Chemically Induced Colitis". Microorganisms 10, nr 11 (18.11.2022): 2293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10112293.

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In this study, we investigated the effect of three different probiotics, namely, a combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA–5) and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (BB–12), Saccharomyces boulardii, and Enterococcus faecium L3 on myocardial infarct size in rats with diet-induced obesity (DIO) and chemically-induced colitis (CIC). Potential associations between the effects of probiotics on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and gut microbiome patterns as well as the serum levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, lipopolysaccharide, and short chain fatty acids were also studied. Intragastric administration of lyophilized Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis at a dose of 1.2 × 108 CFU/mL for 15 days resulted in myocardial infarct size reduction in rats with DIO, CIC, and antibiotic-induced dysbiosis. This cardioprotective effect was associated with specific changes in cytokine concentrations, namely reduced levels of IL–1β, TNF–α, IL–2, and IL–8. At the same time, the use of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis was accompanied by a significant reduction in lipopolysaccharide level, suggesting normalization of intestinal epithelial barrier permeability. However, the cardioprotective effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis is not secondary to improved healing of the intestinal mucosa in CIC, as evidenced by the lack of difference in histopathological scores.

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Bottacini, Francesca, Fabio Dal Bello, Francesca Turroni, Christian Milani, Sabrina Duranti, Elena Foroni, Alice Viappiani i in. "Complete Genome Sequence of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BLC1". Journal of Bacteriology 193, nr 22 (28.10.2011): 6387–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.06079-11.

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Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BLC1 is a probiotic bacterium that is widely exploited by food industries as the active ingredient of various functional foods. Here we report the complete genome sequence of B. animalis subsp. lactis BLC1, which is expected to provide insights into the biology of this health-promoting microorganism and improve our understanding of its phylogenetic relatedness with other members of the B. animalis subsp. lactis taxon.

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Janer, C., F. Arigoni, B. H. Lee, C. Peláez i T. Requena. "Enzymatic Ability of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis To Hydrolyze Milk Proteins: Identification and Characterization of Endopeptidase O". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, nr 12 (grudzień 2005): 8460–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.12.8460-8465.2005.

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ABSTRACT The proteolytic system of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis was analyzed, and an intracellular endopeptidase (PepO) was identified and characterized. This work reports the first complete cloning, purification, and characterization of a proteolytic enzyme in Bifidobacterium spp. Aminopeptidase activities (general aminopeptidases, proline iminopeptidase, X-prolyl dipeptidylaminopeptidase) found in cell extracts of B. animalis subsp. lactis were higher for cells that had been grown in a milk-based medium than for those grown in MRS. A high specific proline iminopeptidase activity was observed in B. animalis subsp. lactis. Whole cells and cell wall-bound protein fractions showed no caseinolytic activity; however, the combined action of intracellular proteolytic enzymes could hydrolyze casein fractions rapidly. The endopeptidase activity of B. animalis subsp. lactis was examined in more detail, and the gene encoding an endopeptidase O in B. animalis subsp. lactis was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The deduced amino acid sequence for B. animalis subsp. lactis PepO indicated that it is a member of the M13 peptidase family of zinc metallopeptidases and displays 67.4% sequence homology with the predicted PepO protein from Bifidobacterium longum. The recombinant enzyme was shown to be a 74-kDa monomer. Activity of B. animalis subsp. lactis PepO was found with oligopeptide substrates of at least 5 amino acid residues, such as met-enkephalin, and with larger substrates, such as the 23-amino-acid peptide αs1-casein(f1-23). The predominant peptide bond cleaved by B. animalis subsp. lactis PepO was on the N-terminal side of phenylalanine residues. The enzyme also showed a post-proline secondary cleavage site.

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FAVRETTO, Diane Cassia, Bruna PONTIN i Thais Rodrigues MOREIRA. "EFFECT OF THE CONSUMPTION OF A CHEESE ENRICHED WITH PROBIOTIC ORGANISMS (BIFIDOBACTERIUM LACTIS BI-07) IN IMPROVING SYMPTOMS OF CONSTIPATION". Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 50, nr 3 (wrzesień 2013): 196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-28032013000200035.

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Context Constipation is a very common symptom in the general population. One way of non-pharmacological treatment of constipation is through the addition of probiotics to food. Obectives The aim of this study was to evaluate de effect of the consumption of a fresh cheese, enriched with Bifidobacterium lactis Bi-07 on the symptoms of constipated women. Methods A randomized controlled trial, carried out in the Basic Health Units of Guaporé's City – RS/Brazil, between january and may 2012, with 30 constipated women. The patients were randomized into two groups whom received, for 30 days, 30 g of fresh cheese enriched with Bifidobacterium lactis Bi-07 (n = 15) or regular fresh cheese (n = 15). Constipation symptoms were evaluated according to ROMA III Consensus, before and after the nutritional intervention. Also, data of clinical and anthropometric characteristics of the individuals were collected. Accepted level of significance 5% (P≤0,05). Results The medium age of the studied population was 37,5±14,4 years in the intervention group and 40,8±12,8 years in the control group. After 30 days we observed that the ingestion of fresh cheese enriched with Bifidobacterium lactis Bi-07 promoted benefic effects on the symptoms of strength to evacuate. Conclusion The consumption of 30g/day of a fresh cheese enriched with Bifidobacterium lactis Bi-07 has beneficial effects on constipation symptoms.

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Neuzil-Bunesova, Vera, Gabriele Andrea Lugli, Nikol Modrackova, Marie Makovska, Jakub Mrazek, Chahrazed Mekadim, Sarka Musilova i in. "Bifidobacterium canis sp. nov., a novel member of the Bifidobacterium pseudolongum phylogenetic group isolated from faeces of a dog (Canis lupus f. familiaris)". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70, nr 9 (1.09.2020): 5040–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.004378.

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A fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase-positive strain (GSD1FST) was isolated from a faecal sample of a 3 weeks old German Shepherd dog. The closest related taxa to isolate GSD1FST based on results from the EZBioCloud database were Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. animalis ATCC 25527T, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis DSM 10140T and Bifidobacterium anseris LMG 30189T, belonging to the Bifidobacterium pseudolongum phylogenetic group. The resulting 16S rRNA gene identities (compared length of 1454 nucleotides) towards these taxa were 97.30, 97.23 and 97.09 %, respectively. The pairwise similarities of strain GSD1FST using argS, atpA, fusA, hsp60, pyrG, rpsC, thrS and xfp gene fragments to all valid representatives of the B. pseudolongum phylogenetic group were in the concatenated range of 83.08–88.34 %. Phylogenomic analysis based on whole-genome methods such as average nucleotide identity revealed that bifidobacterial strain GSD1FST exhibits close phylogenetic relatedness (88.17 %) to Bifidobacetrium cuniculi LMG 10738T. Genotypic characteristics and phylogenetic analyses based on nine molecular markers, as well as genomic and comparative phenotypic analyses, clearly proved that the evaluated strain should be considered as representing a novel species within the B. pseudolongum phylogenetic group named as Bifidobacterium canis sp. nov. (GSD1FST=DSM 105923T=LMG 30345T=CCM 8806T).

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Araujo, Lisa Danielly Curcino, Flávia Aparecida Chaves Furlaneto, Léa Assed Bezerra da Silva i Yvonne L. Kapila. "Use of the Probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 in Oral Diseases". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, nr 16 (19.08.2022): 9334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23169334.

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The oral cavity is one of the environments on the human body with the highest concentrations of microorganisms that coexist harmoniously and maintain homeostasis related to oral health. Several local factors can shift the microbiome to a pathogenic state of dysbiosis. Existing treatments for infections caused by changes in the oral cavity aim to control biofilm dysbiosis and restore microbial balance. Studies have used probiotics as treatments for oral diseases, due to their ability to reduce the pathogenicity of the microbiota and immunoinflammatory changes. This review investigates the role of the probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (B. lactis) HN019 in oral health, and its mechanism of action in pre-clinical and clinical studies. This probiotic strain is a lactic acid bacterium that is safe for human consumption. It mediates bacterial co-aggregation with pathogens and modulates the immune response. Studies using B. lactis HN019 in periodontitis and peri-implant mucositis have shown it to be a potential adjuvant treatment with beneficial microbiological and immunological effects. Studies evaluating its oral effects and mechanism of action show that this probiotic strain has the potential to be used in several dental applications because of its benefit to the host.

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Candela, Marco, Giacomo Miccoli, Simone Bergmann, Silvia Turroni, Beatrice Vitali, Sven Hammerschmidt i Patrizia Brigidi. "Plasminogen-dependent proteolytic activity in Bifidobacterium lactis". Microbiology 154, nr 8 (1.08.2008): 2457–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.2008/017095-0.

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Znamirowska, Agata, Przemysław Rożek, Magdalena Buniowska, Dorota Kalicka i Piotr Kuźniar. "Zastosownie czosnku niedźwiediego (Allinum ursinum L.) do produkcji mleka fermentowanego przez Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis BB-12". Zywnosc Nauka Technologia Jakosc/Food Science Technology Quality 114, nr 1 (2018): 126–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15193/zntj/2018/114/225.

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Duża aktywność biologiczna czosnku niedźwiedziego i jego ekstraktów, a także obecność związków chemicznych o działaniu prozdrowotnym sprawia, że roślina ta może stać się dobrym surowcem do produkcji funkcjonalnych produktów i suplementów diety. Celem pracy było określenie wpływu różnych dawek czosnku niedźwiedziego (Allium ursinum L.) na wybrane właściwości mleka fermentowanego przez Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis Bb-12. Oceniono mleko z dodatkiem czosnku niedźwiedziego w ilości 0,5 i 1,0 % oraz bez jego dodatku (próba kontrolna), fermentowane przez Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis Bb-12. Badania jakości mleka fermentowanego przeprowadzono w pierwszym i dwudziestym pierwszym dniu przechowywania w temp. 5 ºC. Próbki mleka fermentowanego z czosnkiem niedźwiedzim spełniały kryterium minimum terapeutycznego, tj. zawierały ponad 6 log jtk∙g-1 Bifidobacterium. Największą liczbą komórek bakterii charakteryzowało się mleko z 1-procentowym dodatkiem czosnku zarówno w pierwszym, jak i dwudziestym pierwszym dniu przechowywania. Istotnie niższą liczbę badanego szczepu oznaczono w mleku fermentowanym kontrolnym. W mleku z 1-procentowym dodatkiem czosnku w 21. dniu przechowywania nastąpiła redukcja Bb-12 o 0,86 log jtk∙g-1, a w próbkach z 0,5-procentowym dodatkiem czosnku różnica ta była również istotna, ale mniejsza i wynosiła 0,2 log jtk∙g-1. Natomiast populacja Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis w mleku kontrolnym nie zmieniła się istotnie w czasie przechowywania. Mleko fermentowane z czosnkiem charakteryzowało się większą synerezą i wyższym pH oraz mniejszą twardością żelu w porównaniu z mlekiem kontrolnym. Czosnek niedźwiedzi nadał mleku wyrazisty czosnkowy smak i zapach oraz zielony odcień. Może być on zatem stosowany jako bioaktywny komponent do produkcji mlecznych napojów fermentowanych przez Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis Bb-12 o cechach sensorycznych atrakcyjnych dla konsumentów.

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Chen, Meng, Chinfeng Liu, Mingzhu Dai, Qinwen Wang, Chunqi Li i Weilian Hung. "Bifidobacterium lactis BL-99 modulates intestinal inflammation and functions in zebrafish models". PLOS ONE 17, nr 2 (16.02.2022): e0262942. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262942.

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This study was designed to explore the therapeutics and the mechanisms of a patented and marked gastric acid and intestine juice-resistant probiotics Bifidobacterium lactis BL-99 (B. lactis BL-99) on the intestinal inflammation and functions in the zebrafish models. After feeding for 6 hours, B. lactis BL-99 was fully retained in the larval zebrafish intestinal tract and stayed for over 24 hours. B. lactis BL-99 promoted the intestinal motility and effectively alleviated aluminum sulfate-induced larval zebrafish constipation (p < 0.01). Irregular high glucose diet induced adult zebrafish intestinal functional and metabolic disorders. After fed with B. lactis BL-99, IL-1β gene expression was significantly down-regulated, and IL-10 and IL-12 gene levels were markedly up-regulated in this model (p < 0.05). The intestinal lipase activity was elevated in the adult zebrafish intestinal functional disorder model after B. lactis BL-99 treatment (p < 0.05), but tryptase content had no statistical changes (p > 0.05). B. lactis BL-99 improved the histopathology of the adult zebrafish intestinal inflammation, increased the goblet cell numbers, and up-and-down metabolites were markedly recovered after treatment of B. lactis BL-99 (p < 0.05). These results suggest that B. lactis BL-99 could relieve intestinal inflammation and promote intestinal functions, at least in part, through modulating intestinal and microbial metabolism to maintain intestinal health.

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Milani, C., S. Duranti, G. A. Lugli, F. Bottacini, F. Strati, S. Arioli, E. Foroni, F. Turroni, D. van Sinderen i M. Ventura. "Comparative Genomics of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Reveals a Strict Monophyletic Bifidobacterial Taxon". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 79, nr 14 (3.05.2013): 4304–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00984-13.

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Šárka, Horáčková, Rokytová Kristýna, Bialasová Kristina, Klojdová Iveta i Sluková Marcela. "Fruit juices with probiotics – new type of functional foods". Czech Journal of Food Sciences 36, No. 4 (3.09.2018): 284–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/39/2018-cjfs.

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The cells of commercial strain Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb12 were encapsulated using emulsion encapsulation in a milk protein matrix. The volume based median of the microcapsules was 52.1 ± 6.2 µm. The stability of free and encapsulated cells was compared during 28 day-storage in pineapple juice and in strawberry-apple juice at 8 ± 1°C and 22 ± 1°C. Encapsulation ensured a higher number of cells compared to the free cells only at 8 ± 1°C. Strawberry-apple juice was found to be not suitable as probiotic vehicle. Both free and encapsulated cells lost their viability after 14 days at 22 ± 1°C. The number of bifidobacteria cells, pH and lactic and acetic acid content did not change in pineapple and strawberry-apple juice after 24 h cultivation at 37°C.

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Danylenko, Svitlana, Lolita Marynchenko, Viktoriia Bortnyk, Oksana Potemska i Olena Nizhelska. "Use of Highly Dispersed Silica in Biotechnology of Complex Probiotic Product Based on Bifidobacteria". Innovative Biosystems and Bioengineering 6, nr 1 (6.05.2022): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/ibb.2022.6.1.256179.

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Background. The probiotics immobilization technology is one of the most effective ways for controlled and continuous delivery of viable cells into the intestine. It is well known that multifaceted physiological roles of bifidobacteria are to normalize and stabilize the microbiocenosis, to form intestine colonization resistance, to synthesis amino acids, proteins and vitamins, to maintain non-specific resistance of the organism and so all. Such a wide range of positive effects on the macroorganism allows us to consider bifidobacteria as a basis for functional immobilized healthcare products development. Objective. Taxonomic position determination of the Bifidobacterium longum strain selected for immobilization, study of the viability of this bifidobacteria strain in a complex probionic product based on highly dispersed silica in simulated gastrointestinal tract's conditions and after freeze-drying. Methods. The production strain Bifidobacterium longum IMV B-7165 from the Institute of Food Resources of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine collection of industrial strains has been used in the study. It was isolated from the healthy human infant's gastrointestinal tract. Commonly used bioinformatics, microbiological, biotechnological and statistical methods have been applied. Results. The best alignments for the sequence of bifidobacteria isolate "4202" 16S rRNA (it was previously deposited as Bifidobacterium longum IMV B-7165) and classic dendrograms based on these results were performed. According to the results of microscopic studies of samples of microorganisms with highly dispersed silica products ("Enterosgel", "Sillard P" and "Toxin.Net") it was found that the immobilization of the Streptococcus thermophilus and bifidobacteria cultures did not differ fundamentally. To study the immobilization effect on the bifidobacteria preservation and properties the following carriers were used: "Enterosgel", "Toxin.NET" and "Sillard P". The survival of immobilized bifidobacteria was further studied in simulated gastrointestinal conditions: immobilized cells are better protected from acid and bile, although with increasing acidity, survival decreases in both control and immobilized cells. Conclusions. The taxonomic position of a bifidobacterial isolate from the healthy human infants used in immobilization studies was clarificated (Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis). Under the simulated conditions of the upper gastrointestinal tract in the case of acid and bile impact, the best survival was demonstrated by immobilized cultures of bifidobacteria together with the Enterosgel sorbent (a content of 10% by weight of the culture). The survival of immobilized preparations after freeze-drying was slightly reduced in the case of immobilization on the "Enterosgel" and "Toxin.NET" samples of enterosorbents (a content from 15% to 25% by weight of the culture). The best results were observed in the case of immobilization of bifidobacteria with 5% content of the "Toxin.NET" enterosorbent (enterosgel + inulin).

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Álvarez-Martín, Pablo, Ana Belén Flórez, Abelardo Margolles, Gloria del Solar i Baltasar Mayo. "Improved Cloning Vectors for Bifidobacteria, Based on the Bifidobacterium catenulatum pBC1 Replicon". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74, nr 15 (6.06.2008): 4656–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00074-08.

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ABSTRACT This study reports the development of several cloning vectors for bifidobacteria based on the replicon of pBC1, a cryptic plasmid from Bifidobacterium catenulatum L48 thought to replicate via the theta mode. These vectors, in which antibiotic resistance genes encoding either erythromycin or tetracycline resistance acted as selection markers, were able to replicate in a series of eight Bifidobacterium species at frequencies ranging from 4.0 × 101 to 1.0 × 105 transformants μg−1 but not in Lactococcus lactis or Lactobacillus casei. They showed a relative copy number of around 30 molecules per chromosome equivalent and a good segregational stability, with more than 95% of the cells retaining the vectors after 80 to 100 generations in the absence of selection. Vectors contain multiple cloning sites of different lengths, and the lacZα peptide gene was introduced into one of the molecules, thus allowing the easy selection of colonies harboring recombinant plasmids in Escherichia coli. The functionality of the vectors for engineering Bifidobacterium strains was assessed by cloning and examining the expression of an α-l-arabinofuranosidase gene belonging to Bifidobacterium longum. E. coli and Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum recombinant clones were stable and showed an increase in α-arabinofuranosidase activity of over 100-fold compared to that of the untransformed hosts.

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Gargari, Giorgio, Valentina Taverniti, Ranjan Koirala, Claudio Gardana i Simone Guglielmetti. "Impact of a Multistrain Probiotic Formulation with High Bifidobacterial Content on the Fecal Bacterial Community and Short-Chain Fatty Acid Levels of Healthy Adults". Microorganisms 8, nr 4 (30.03.2020): 492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8040492.

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The consumption of probiotic products is continually increasing, supported by growing scientific evidence of their efficacy. Considering that probiotics may primarily affect health (either positively or negatively) through gut microbiota modulation, the first aspect that should be evaluated is their impact on the intestinal microbial ecosystem. In this study, we longitudinally analyzed the bacterial taxonomic composition and organic acid levels in four fecal samples collected over the course of four weeks from 19 healthy adults who ingested one capsule a day for two weeks of a formulation containing at least 70 billion colony-forming units, consisting of 25% lactobacilli and 75% Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis. We found that 16S rRNA gene profiling showed that probiotic intake only induced an increase in a single operational taxonomic unit ascribed to B. animalis, plausibly corresponding to the ingested bifidobacterial strain. Furthermore, liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry revealed a significant increase in the lactate and acetate/butyrate ratio and a trend toward a decrease in succinate following probiotic administration. The presented results indicate that the investigated probiotic formulation did not alter the intestinal bacterial ecosystem of healthy adults and suggest its potential ability to promote colonization resistance in the gut through a transient increase in fecal bifidobacteria, lactic acid, and the acetate/butyrate ratio.

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Yeo, A. Y. Y., M. Z. Toh i S. Q. Liu. "Enhancement of bifidobacteria survival by Williopsis saturnus var. saturnus in milk". Beneficial Microbes 7, nr 1 (1.02.2016): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/bm2015.0012.

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The viability of three strains of probiotic Bifidobacterium lactis that were inoculated into UHT milk was examined with and without the presence of the yeast, Williopsis saturnus var. saturnus NCYC 22, in polypropylene tubes at 30 °C. The B. lactis viable cell count for strains HN019 and BB-12 remained above 6.0 Log cfu/ml, while strain B94 had 5.7 Log cfu/ml after six weeks of incubation in the presence of the co-inoculated yeast. Incubating the bifidus milk without added yeast under anaerobic condition did not improve the survival of B. lactis HN019, indicating that oxygen removal may not be responsible for W. saturnus NCYC 22’s viability enhancing property. The addition of yeast supernatant or non-viable yeast also did not show any stabilising effects, suggesting that physical contact and/or interaction between viable W. saturnus and B. lactis plays an important role in sustaining the viability of the probiotic. W. saturnus NCYC 22 could increase the survival of B. lactis in bifidus milk under ambient temperature regardless of the initial concentration of yeast cells inoculated due to yeast growth. This study demonstrated the viability enhancing effect of viable W. saturnus NCYC 22 on B. lactis HN019, which could help towards extending the shelf-life of dairy beverages containing probiotic bifidobacteria.

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Vassos, Dimitrios, Vassiliki Maipa, Chrysa Voidarou, Athanasios Alexopoulos i Eugenia Bezirtzoglou. "Development of human lactic acid (LAB) gastrointestinal microbiota in a Greek rural population". Open Life Sciences 3, nr 1 (1.03.2008): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11535-007-0045-7.

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AbstractIn order to investigate the Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) of the gut, fecal samples were collected and analyzed from 120 healthy Greek volunteers ranging from age 1 to age 85, all of whom declared daily consumption of local fermented dairy products. LAB strains were isolated using selective media under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. Identification of the isolates was based on their growth patterns, morphological characteristics, and carbohydrate fermentation profiles. There was no significant difference in the abundance of Lactobacillus brevis, Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris, Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacilus paracasei and Bifidobacterium sp., in all samples. Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactococcus casei, Lactococcus pentosus, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, Lactococcus delbrueckii subsp. lactis, Enterococcus casseliflavus, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus avium and Leuconostoc sp. were also recovered, mainly from the adults and elders rather than the children’s group. Despite the above differences in LAB species observed mostly between the younger and the other two age groups, differences were also observed within all groups, indicating that healthy subjects of all ages are colonized by a diverse lactoflora in terms of total or dominant species.

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Burmasova, Marina A., Aidana A. Utebaeva, Elena V. Sysoeva i Maria A. Sysoeva. "Melanins of Inonotus Obliquus: Bifidogenic and Antioxidant Properties". Biomolecules 9, nr 6 (24.06.2019): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom9060248.

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Extracts and melanins from Inonotus obliquus are widely used in medicine due to their high antioxidant properties. This study is dedicated to define the influence of the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of Inonotus obliquus melanins and their bifidogenic effects on Bifidobacterium bifidum 1 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis. For this purpose, melanins precipitated from Inonotus obliquus aqueous extracts, obtained by a few methods, and separated melanin fractions by organic solvents were used. For the melanin physicochemical properties analysis spectrophotometry, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering methods were applied. Melanins and their fractions difference in particle size and charge, antioxidant properties, and redox potential were revealed. It was shown that the redox potential, the size of melanin particles and the z-potential had maximum influence on bifidobacteria growth. The greatest activating effect on bifidobacteria was established by using melanin isolated from aqueous microwave extracts in concentrations of 10−13, 10−10, 10−5 g/cm3. The use of this melanin with antioxidant activity 0.67 ± 0.06 mg/g (expressed as ascorbic acid equivalent), and with redox potential −5.51 ± 2.22 mV as a prebiotic allowed the growth of Bifidobacterium bifidum 1 s to increase by 1.4 times in comparison with ascorbic acid by 24 h of cultivation.

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Shulpekova, Yu O., D. A. Sheptulin i N. V. Shulpekova. "Principles of Rational Nutrition for Managing Constipation". Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology 28, nr 5 (12.11.2018): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22416/1382-4376-2018-28-5-117-125.

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Aim.The aim of this work was to investigate the problem of constipation associated with a deficiency in dietary fibre and to develop principles for the nutritional management of this condition. Main findings.In countries characterized by the Western-style diet, only about 10% of people consume an optimal amount of fibre daily. As a result, primary normal-transit constipation is a common problem. A special role in maintaining the function of the colon belongs to carbohydrates. Keeping a food diary helps to choose an optimal type of nutrition for a patient and reduce the likelihood of flatulence. Food fibres (oligosaccharides and polysaccharides) play an especially important role. Viscous fibres are most capable of swelling, thus exhibiting metabolic effects at the level of the small intestine. Non-viscous and insoluble fibres increase the volume of feces, stimulate peristalsis and exert a prebiotic effect. A low content of fibre in the diet is a factor provoking intestinal dysbiosis followed by a decrease in Bacteroides and Ruminococcus populations. Flavonoids also play an important role in the regulation of intestinal peristalsis and secretion. Under constipation of functional origin, the microbiota contains a significantly reduced amount of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides. Changes in the composition of microflora correlate with psychopathological symptoms. Strains capable of exhibiting a therapeutic effect in constipation include Escherichia coli Nissle 1917, a probiotic mixture of VSL#3, Florasan-D combined bacterium, DN-173 010 Bifidobacterium lactis (B. lactis), HN019 Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. For the prevention and management of constipation, functional food products enriched with oligo-, polysaccharides and probiotics are developed. Thus, various products of the Activia brand contain DN-173 010 Bifidobacterium lactis (ActiRegularis) at a concentration of at least 108 CFU / g. The consumption of fermented milk products with DN-173-010 Bifidobacterium lactis contributes to the elimination of subclinical discomfort in the abdomen in practically healthy people, reduces the time of colon transit and helps to normalise the frequency of defecation.Conclusion.In most cases, the first stage in managing constipation is the normalisation of the diet by means of adding dietary fibre and probiotics into the composition of functional foods or medical preparations.

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Sanders, Mary Ellen. "Summary of Probiotic Activities of Bifidobacterium lactis HN019". Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 40, nr 9 (październik 2006): 776–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.mcg.0000225576.73385.f0.

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