Książki na temat „Bid Optimizer”

Comics, bis in die späten 1990er-Jahre oft als kulturelles Randprodukt gering geschätzt, geraten in Zeiten der multimedialen Kommunikation zunehmend in den Aufmerksamkeitsfokus. Im Comic erscheint das Bild auf das Allerwesentlichste hin destilliert und durch das Medium Text erweitert. In einem bis wenigen Bildern lassen sich so, optimiert für die Aufmerksamkeitsspanne der Web 2.0-Generation, weltanschauliche, religiöse und soziale Probleme formulieren und zugleich scheinbare oder tatsächliche Lösungsvorschläge transportieren. Ihr Potential für ein Millionenpublikum entfalten sie in den letzten Dekaden aber durch zahlreiche Verfilmungen, ob als Anime, Arthouse oder Blockbuster. Die Erforschung dieses Potentials ist noch weitgehend unentdecktes Gebiet. In diesem Band werden erste Akzente gesetzt.

This chapter discusses pharmacotherapy for body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), including barriers to treatment, essential groundwork for prescribing, first-line treatment with serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SRIs), and optimal dosing and trial duration (higher SRI doses and longer trials are more often needed for BDD than for most other disorders). SRIs are the first-line medication treatment for both delusional BDD and nondelusional BDD. Medication may be used for BDD of mild to moderate severity, and it is essential for more severely ill and suicidal patients and for those with severe depressive symptoms. Pharmacotherapy that is optimized for BDD usually alleviates symptoms and not uncommonly leads to remission. The chapter also discusses steps to take when an SRI is not effective, such as raising the SRI dose even further as well as SRI augmentation and switching strategies. SRI continuation and discontinuation, and the potential usefulness of non-SRI medications and other somatic treatments are also discussed. Challenges that clinicians often encounter when treating BDD and that can be addressed with pharmacotherapy—severe depression, suicidality, and problematic substance use—are also discussed.

Several carnivorous plant families have been a source of medicine for centuries in many parts of the world. Research into their active ingredients have revealed that they include naphthoquinones, flavonoids, phenolic acid derivatives, goodyerosides, iridoids, and phenylpropanoids. Many aspects of their industrial production have been optimized, including plant elicitation, plant genetic modification, and plant in vitro culture to limit the collect of wild material. The currently most active biotechnological developments are related directly to their carnivorous nature. These include the heterologous production of therapeutic polypeptides by carnivorous plant secretory glands; and the creation of bio-inspired engineered products based on the snap-buckling mechanism of trap closure of the Venus’ fly trap, the internal nano-structures of the Drosera mucilage, and the physical properties of the slippery zone of the Nepenthes pitcher with applications in the textile, automobile, aeronautics, architecture, and medical industries.

This chapter on intensive care unit (ICU) design looks at the ICU from three perspectives—concept to occupancy, the patient room, and supportive services, and advanced informatics. The design process is complex and time-consuming, and relies upon a design team composed of the main users, architects, and hospital administrative representatives; they must develop a vision for the new unit, which includes its purpose, bed number, staffing, workflow and healing environment. The team must then balance innovation with practicality, disparate technologies with standardization and timely purchase, and desires for the best of everything with physical, space, and fiscal limitations. The ICU patient room is the core of the ICU patient, family member, and staff experiences and should be similarly designed and equipped. Supportive spaces fully integrated with the patient rooms and hospital logistic areas and systems help optimize throughput. Informatics systems that electronically integrate the patient room with all aspects of care should be deployed to intelligently utilize and smartly present and display data, manage alarms, monitor the ICU environment, develop virtual device communities, provide real time locating systems, and address local or remote telemedicine requirements.

For more than 2000 years Greek philosophers have thought about the puzzling introspectively assessed dichotomy between our physical bodies and our seemingly non-physical minds. How is it that we can think highly abstract thoughts, seemingly fully detached from actual, physical reality? Despite the obvious interactions between mind and body (we get tired, we are hungry, we stay up late despite being tired, etc.), until today it remains puzzling how our mind controls our body, and vice versa, how our body shapes our mind. Despite a big movement towards embodied cognitive science over the last 20 years or so, introductory books with a functional and computational perspective on how human thought and language capabilities may actually have come about – and are coming about over and over again – are missing. This book fills that gap. Starting with a historical background on traditional cognitive science and resulting fundamental challenges that have not been resolved, embodied cognitive science is introduced and its implications for how human minds have come and continue to come into being are detailed. In particular, the book shows that evolution has produced biological bodies that provide “morphologically intelligent” structures, which foster the development of suitable behavioral and cognitive capabilities. While these capabilities can be modified and optimized given positive and negative reward as feedback, to reach abstract cognitive capabilities, evolution has furthermore produced particular anticipatory control-oriented mechanisms, which cause the development of particular types of predictive encodings, modularizations, and abstractions. Coupled with an embodied motivational system, versatile, goal-directed, self-motivated behavior, learning becomes possible. These lines of thought are introduced and detailed from interdisciplinary, evolutionary, ontogenetic, reinforcement learning, and anticipatory predictive encoding perspectives in the first part of the book. A short excursus then provides an introduction to neuroscience, including general knowledge about brain anatomy, and basic neural and brain functionality, as well as the main research methodologies. With reference to this knowledge, the subsequent chapters then focus on how the human brain manages to develop abstract thought and language. Sensory systems, motor systems, and their predictive, control-oriented interactions are detailed from a functional and computational perspective. Bayesian information processing is introduced along these lines as are generative models. Moreover, it is shown how particular modularizations can develop. When control and attention come into play, these structures develop also dependent on the available motor capabilities. Vice versa, the development of more versatile motor capabilities depends on structural development. Event-oriented abstractions enable conceptualizations and behavioral compositions, paving the path towards abstract thought and language. Also evolutionary drives towards social interactions play a crucial role. Based on the developing sensorimotor- and socially-grounded structures, the human mind becomes language ready. The development of language in each human child then further facilitates the self-motivated generation of abstract, compositional, highly flexible thought about the present, past, and future, as well as about others. In conclusion, the book gives an overview over how the human mind comes into being – sketching out a developmental pathway towards the mastery of abstract and reflective thought, while detailing the critical body and neural functionalities, and computational mechanisms, which enable this development.