Artykuły w czasopismach: „BGT”

1

Cai, Y. H., X. A. Mei, Min Chen, K. L. Su, W. K. An i J. Liu. "Electrical Characteristics and Microstructures of (Gd, Dy)-Doped Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ Ceramics". Key Engineering Materials 368-372 (luty 2008): 88–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.368-372.88.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The electrical properties of Bi3.25Dy0.75Ti3O12 (BDT) and Bi3.25Gd0.75Ti3O12 (BGT) ceramics were investigated. The current-voltage curve of the BGT sample exhibits a negative differential resistance behavior, whereas that of the BDT sample exhibits a simple ohmic behavior. The impedance spectrum of the BDT and BGT samples indicate that both consist of semiconducting grain and moderately insulating grain boundary regions. XRD, SEM and EPMA analyses reveal crystalline phase characterized by a Bi-layered perovskite structure of Bi4Ti3O12 and the distribution of every element is uniform. Both BDT and BGT samples exhibit randomly oriented and plate-like morphology.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

2

Zhang, Yi, Kedong Xu, Deshui Yu, Zhihui Liu, Chunfeng Peng, Xiaoli Li, Ju Zhang i in. "The Highly Conserved Barley Powdery Mildew Effector BEC1019 Confers Susceptibility to Biotrophic and Necrotrophic Pathogens in Wheat". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, nr 18 (6.09.2019): 4376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20184376.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Effector proteins secreted by plant pathogens play important roles in promoting colonization. Blumeria effector candidate (BEC) 1019, a highly conserved metalloprotease of Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (Bgh), is essential for fungal haustorium formation, and silencing BEC1019 significantly reduces Bgh virulence. In this study, we found that BEC1019 homologs in B. graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt) and Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt) have complete sequence identity with those in Bgh, prompting us to investigate their functions. Transcript levels of BEC1019 were abundantly induced concomitant with haustorium formation in Bgt and necrosis development in Ggt-infected plants. BEC1019 overexpression considerably increased wheat susceptibility to Bgt and Ggt, whereas silencing this gene using host-induced gene silencing significantly enhanced wheat resistance to Bgt and Ggt, which was associated with hydrogen peroxide accumulation, cell death, and pathogenesis-related gene expression. Additionally, we found that the full and partial sequences of BEC1019 can trigger cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. These results indicate that Bgt and Ggt can utilize BEC1019 as a virulence effector to promote plant colonization, and thus these genes represent promising new targets in breeding wheat cultivars with broad-spectrum resistance.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

3

Botelho, Michele Placedino Andrade, Christian Hirsch, Andrey Pereira Lage, Christiane Maria Barcellos Magalhães da Rocha, Elaine Maria Seles Dorneles, Patrícia Gomes Cardoso i Geraldo Marcio da Costa. "Prevalence of Tritrichomonas foetus and Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis among bulls slaughtered in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil". Semina: Ciências Agrárias 39, nr 5 (20.09.2018): 2039. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n5p2039.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Bovine genital campylobacteriosis (BGC) and bovine genital trichomonosis (BGT) are globally widespread, predominantly sexually transmitted diseases that mainly affect herds in which natural mating takes place. Bulls serve as good epidemiological indicators for studying the causative agents of these diseases in cattle herds. The objective of the present work was to determine the prevalence of BGC and BGT among bulls sent to slaughterhouses in southern Minas Gerais, Brazil. Samples of preputial smegma from 200 sexually mature, non-castrated bulls of several ancestries were collected in 2013 from four regional slaughterhouses. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed to detect Tritrichomonas foetus, Campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus, and C. fetus subsp. venerealis. Isolation also was used aiming to diagnosis of BGT. All smegma samples were negative in culture for T. foetus. Molecular tests revealed 8% (16/200) of animals to be positive for T. foetus, 17.5% (35/200) for Campylobacter. fetus subsp. fetus, and 13.5% (27/200) for C. fetus subsp. venerealis. The results of the present study indicate that T. foetus, C. fetus subsp. venerealis, and C. fetus subsp. fetus are present among bulls slaughtered in southern Minas Gerais, and that BGC and BGT occur in this region. These diseases therefore need to be considered during differential diagnosis of reproductive diseases affecting cattle herds in which natural mating is employed.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

4

TYLER, ANDREA, i HANA JAN. "Be going to and will: talking about the future using embodied experience". Language and Cognition 9, nr 3 (14.07.2016): 412–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2016.10.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

abstractEnglish speakers expressing futurity have the choice of two primary verb forms, will or be going to (BGT). Previous studies establish that BGT has multiple meanings not associated with will. Langacker (1987) rejected a metaphoric analysis of BGT (time is motion) as inadequate and offered a binary feature analysis. Brisard (2001) expanded on this analysis and argued that manipulating the configurations of binary features explains the semantic differences between will and BGT. However, Brisard’s analysis overlooks the semantic overlap among will, BGT, and the simple present. Moreover, it does not provide a framework that treats will and BGT as part of the larger English modal verb system. Finally, it lacks a persuasive explanation of how the meanings associated with will versus BGT arose. We address these gaps by proposing a polysemy-based explanation that emphasizes invited inferences (e.g., Bybee, Perkins, & Pagliuca, 1994) and embodied experience; a particularly novel aspect of the analysis is that all the meanings of BGT are related straightforwardly to components of the human walk cycle. Further, we argue that the shared future meaning of will and BGT represent inter-lexical polysemy (Evans, 2015b), thus providing additional evidence for the Theory of Lexical Concepts and Cognitive Models (LCCM).

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

5

Howanitz, Peter J., i Bruce A. Jones. "Comparative Analytical Costs of Central Laboratory Glucose and Bedside Glucose Testing: A College of American Pathologists Q-Probes Study". Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 128, nr 7 (1.07.2004): 739–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2004-128-739-cacocl.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Abstract Context.—One of the major attributes of laboratory testing is cost. Although fully automated central laboratory glucose testing and semiautomated bedside glucose testing (BGT) are performed at most institutions, rigorous determinations of interinstitutional comparative costs have not been performed. Objectives.—To compare interinstitutional analytical costs of central laboratory glucose testing and BGT and to provide suggestions for improvement. Design.—Participants completed a demographic form about their institutional glucose monitoring practices. They also collected information about the costs of central laboratory glucose testing, BGT at a high-volume testing site, and BGT at a low-volume testing site, including specified cost variables for labor, reagents, and instruments. Participants.—A total of 445 institutions enrolled in the College of American Pathologists Q-Probes program. Main Outcome Measure.—Median cost per glucose test at 3 testing sites. Results.—The median (10th–90th percentile range) costs per glucose test were $1.18 ($5.59–$0.36), $1.96 ($9.51– $0.77), and $4.66 ($27.54–$1.02) for central laboratory, high-volume BGT sites, and low-volume BGT sites, respectively. The largest percentages of the cost per test were for labor (59.3%, 72.7%, and 85.8%), followed by supplies (27.2%, 27.3%, and 13.4%) and equipment (2.1%, 0.0%, and 0.0%) for the 3 sites, respectively. The median number of patient specimens per month at the high-volume BGT sites was 625 compared to 30 at the low-volume BGT sites. Most participants did not include labor, instrument maintenance, competency assessment, or oversight in their BGT estimated costs until required to do so for the study. Conclusions.—Analytical costs per glucose test were lower for central laboratory glucose testing than for BGT, which, in turn, was highly variable and dependent on volume. Data that would be used for financial justification for BGT were widely aberrant and in need of improvement.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

6

MARINOU, Martha, i Socrates J. TZARTOS. "Identification of regions involved in the binding of alpha-bungarotoxin to the human alpha7 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor using synthetic peptides". Biochemical Journal 372, nr 2 (1.06.2003): 543–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20021537.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The neuronal α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) binds the neurotoxin α-bungarotoxin (α-Bgt). Fine mapping of the α-Bgt-binding site on the human α7 AChR was performed using synthetic peptides covering the entire extracellular domain of the human α7 subunit (residues 1–206). Screening of these peptides for 125I-α-Bgt binding resulted in the identification of at least two toxin-binding sites, one at residues 186–197, which exhibited the best 125I-α-Bgt binding, and one at residues 159–165, with weak toxin-binding capacity; these correspond, respectively, to loops C and IV of the agonist-binding site. Toxin binding to the α7(186–197) peptide was almost completely inhibited by unlabelled α-Bgt or d-tubocurarine. Alanine substitutions within the sequence 186–198 revealed a predominant contribution of aromatic and negatively charged residues to the binding site. This sequence is homologous to the α-Bgt binding site of the α1 subunit (residues 188–200 in Torpedo AChR). In competition experiments, the soluble peptides α7(186–197) and Torpedo α1(184–200) inhibited the binding of 125I-α-Bgt to the immobilized α7(186–197) peptide, to native Torpedo AChR, and to the extracellular domain of the human α1 subunit. These results suggest that the toxin-binding sites of the neuronal α7 and muscle-type AChRs bind to identical or overlapping sites on the α-Bgt molecule. In support of this, when synthetic α-Bgt peptides were tested for binding to the recombinant extracellular domains of the human α7 and α1 subunits, and to native Torpedo and α7 AChR, the results indicated that α-Bgt interacts with both neuronal and muscle-type AChRs through its central loop II and C-terminal tail.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

7

Murphy, K. J. "Is the Bender Gestalt Test an Important Tool for Neuropsychologists?" Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 7, nr 5 (lipiec 2001): 652–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617701265126.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The title Bender Gestalt: Screening for Brain Dysfunction (2nd ed.) indicates that the primary utility of the Bender Gestalt Test (BGT) is one of screening for the presence of brain impairment. The author, Patricia Lacks, quickly dispels this notion in the preface to her book where she states, “My book is not about how to use the BGT as a single test of ‘organicity’, a long outdated practice. Instead, the focus is on neuropsychological assessment as a continuum” (p. vii). Indeed, Lacks advocates, throughout her book, the more general use of the BGT as an important part of any standard neuropsychological test battery. She writes, “Even though the BGT has been shown to be useful for identifying persons with a wide range of cognitive impairment, it primarily assesses disordered perceptual-motor and executive functions” (p. 27). Unfortunately, Lacks does not provide the reader with any data to support her above statement regarding what the BGT actually measures. Before taking the latter point any further, allow me to briefly describe the BGT and its history.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

8

Zaki, Randa Mohammed, Munerah M. Alfadhel, Saad M. Alshahrani, Ahmed Alsaqr, Layla A. Al-Kharashi i Md Khalid Anwer. "Formulation of Chitosan-Coated Brigatinib Nanospanlastics: Optimization, Characterization, Stability Assessment and In-Vitro Cytotoxicity Activity against H-1975 Cell Lines". Pharmaceuticals 15, nr 3 (13.03.2022): 348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph15030348.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The purpose of the current study was to develop Brigatinib (BGT)-loaded nanospanlastics (BGT-loaded NSPs) (S1-S13) containing Span 60 with different edge activators (Tween 80 and Pluronic F127) and optimized based on the vesicle size, zeta potential (ZP), and percent entrapment efficiency (%EE) using Design-Expert® software. The optimum formula was recommended with desirability of 0.819 and composed of Span-60:Tween 80 at a ratio of 4:1 and 10 min as a sonication time (S13). It showed predicted EE% (81.58%), vesicle size (386.55 nm), and ZP (−29.51 mv). The optimized nanospanlastics (S13) was further coated with chitosan and further evaluated for Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro release, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), stability and in-vitro cytotoxicity studies against H-1975 lung cancer cell lines. The DSC and XRD revealed complete encapsulation of the drug. TEM imagery revealed spherical nanovesicles with a smooth surface. Also, the coated formula showed high stability for three months in two different conditions. Moreover, it resulted in improved and sustained drug release than free BGT suspension and exhibited Higuchi kinetic release mechanism. The cytotoxic activity of BGT-loaded SPs (S13) was enhanced three times in comparison to free the BGT drug against the H-1975 cell lines. Overall, these results confirmed that BGT-loaded SPs could be a promising nanocarrier to improve the anticancer efficacy of BGT.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

9

Pilien, Vincent P., Michael Angelo B. Promentilla, Julius L. Leaño, Andres Winston C. Oreta i Jason Maximino C. Ongpeng. "Confinement of Concrete Using Banana Geotextile-Reinforced Geopolymer Mortar". Sustainability 15, nr 7 (30.03.2023): 6037. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15076037.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Geopolymer, a sustainable alternative to ordinary Portland cement (OPC), offers reduced embodied energy, lower carbon emissions, enhanced durability, eco-compatibility, and waste valorization potential. In confining structural members, geopolymer still has limitations with respect to its brittleness and other properties. Enhancing the properties of geopolymer by adding banana fibers (BF) and fly ash (FA) to form banana geotextile-reinforced geopolymer mortar (BGT-RGM) as confining material, is investigated in this experimental study. BGT-RGM is a textile-reinforced mortar with varying thickness of BF-reinforced geopolymer mortar (BFRGM) through NaOH-treated 10 mm BFs and 2 mm banana geotextile (BGT) having varied grid spacings. To develop BGT-RGM, the physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of the BFs were determined, while BFRGMs were evaluated for compressive and dog-bone tensile strengths, workability, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The BGT-RGM-confined and unconfined concrete were evaluated, and the strength variations were imparted by the confinement as reflected on the stress-strain curves. The local crack formation mode of failure was also determined through crack patterns during an axial load test. The BGT-RGM with 20 mm thickness of BFRGM with 15 mm and 20 mm geotextile grid spacings, exhibited 33.3% and 33.1% increases in strength, respectively. Future investigations towards the development and application of BGT-RGM are also discussed.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

10

YANG, C. C., i H. L. CHAN. "Neutralizing epitope mapping of six β1-bungarotoxin monoclonal antibodies and its application in β1-bungarotoxin peptide vaccine design". Biochemical Journal 330, nr 1 (15.02.1998): 497–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3300497.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Twenty three stable monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against β1-bungarotoxin (β1-bgt) were prepared by the hybridoma technique. Seven of the 23 mAbs (mAbs 2, 6, 8, 11, 17, 21 and 22) could inhibit more than 70% of phospholipase A2 activity of β1-bgt and neutralize the toxin. Six of these neutralizing mAbs (mAbs 2, 6, 8, 17, 21 and 22) recognized continuous epitopes on the A chain of β1-bgt and the other one (mAb 11) recognized a conformational epitope on the toxin. The continuous epitopes of these six mAbs were mapped using synthetic peptide and proteolytic enzymes. Experimental results indicate that mAb 17 recognized the A-chain residues 31-37; mAbs 2 and 8 recognized residues 46-51; mAbs 21 and 22 recognized residues 91-98; and mAb 6 recognized residue 100-106. The competitive-antibody-binding inhibition experiments showed that the affinity of these neutralizing mAbs to the native β1-bgt is compatible with synthetic peptides. Furthermore, mice immunized with BSA-conjugated A-chain-peptide sequences A(31-37), A(46-51), A(91-98) or A(100-106) were protected from a high-dose β1-bgt challenge. Subsequently, the peptide-immunized sera were passively injected into Balb/c mice and a significantly protective effect was also observed. To our knowledge, this study is the first systematic demonstration of multiple neutralizing B-cell epitopes of β1-bgt, and this study is also the first report of the protective synthetic-peptide vaccine against β1-bgt challenge.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

11

Bhorat, I., E. Buchmann, K. Frank, P. Soma-Pillay, E. Nicolaou, L. Pistorius i I. Smuts. "Clinical practice". South African Medical Journal 113, nr 9 (4.09.2023): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7196/samj.2023.v113i9.1063.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Basal ganglia and thalamus (BGT) hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury is currently the most contentious issue in cerebral palsy (CP) litigation in South Africa (SA), and merits a consensus response based on the current available international literature. BGT pattern injury is strongly associated with a preceding perinatal sentinel event (PSE), which has a sudden onset and is typically unforeseen and unpreventable. Antepartum pathologies may result in fetal priming, leading to vulnerability to BGT injury by relatively mild hypoxic insults. BGT injury may uncommonly follow a gradual-onset fetal heart rate deterioration pattern, of duration ≥1 hour. To prevent BGT injury in a clinical setting, the interval from onset of PSE to delivery must be short, as little as 10 - 20 minutes. This is difficult to achieve in any circumstances in SA. Each case needs holistic, multidisciplinary, unbiased review of all available antepartum, intrapartum and postpartum and childhood information, aiming at fair resolution without waste of time and resources.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

12

Adlam, Anna-Lynne Ruth, Malcolm Adams, Oliver Turnbull, Giles Yeates i Fergus Gracey. "The Bangor Gambling Task: Characterising the Performance of Survivors of Traumatic Brain Injury". Brain Impairment 18, nr 1 (6.02.2017): 62–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/brimp.2016.30.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The Bangor Gambling Task (BGT, Bowman & Turnbull, 2004) is a simple test of emotion-based decision making, with contingencies varying across five blocks of 20 trials. This is the first study to characterise BGT performance in survivors of traumatic brain injury (TBI) relative to healthy controls. The study also aimed to explore sub-groups (cluster analysis), and identify predictors of task performance (multiple regression). Thirty survivors of TBI and thirty-nine controls completed the BGT and measures of processing speed, pre-morbid IQ, working memory, and executive function. Results showed that survivors of TBI made more gamble choices than controls (total BGT score), although the groups did not significantly differ when using a cut-off score for ‘impaired’ performance. Unexpectedly, the groups did not significantly differ in their performance across the blocks; however, the cluster analysis revealed three subgroups (with survivors of TBI and controls represented in each cluster). Findings also indicated that only age and group were significant predictors of overall BGT performance. In conclusion, the study findings are consistent with an individual difference account of emotion-based decision making, and a number of issues need to be addressed prior to recommending the clinical use of the BGT.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

13

Wang, Guanghao, Xiangyu Zhang, Huan Guo, Chenxu Zhao, Hong Zhang, Chunhuan Chen i Wanquan Ji. "TaSYP137 and TaVAMP723, the SNAREs Proteins from Wheat, Reduce Resistance to Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, nr 5 (2.03.2023): 4830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24054830.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

SNARE protein is an essential factor driving vesicle fusion in eukaryotes. Several SNAREs have been shown to play a crucial role in protecting against powdery mildew and other pathogens. In our previous study, we identified SNARE family members and analyzed their expression pattern in response to powdery mildew infection. Based on quantitative expression and RNA-seq results, we focused on TaSYP137/TaVAMP723 and hypothesized that they play an important role in the interaction between wheat and Blumeria graminis f. sp. Tritici (Bgt). In this study, we measured the expression patterns of TaSYP132/TaVAMP723 genes in wheat post-infection with Bgt and found that the expression pattern of TaSYP137/TaVAMP723 was opposite in resistant and susceptible wheat samples infected by Bgt. The overexpression of TaSYP137/TaVAMP723 disrupted wheat’s defense against Bgt infection, while silencing these genes enhanced its resistance to Bgt. Subcellular localization studies revealed that TaSYP137/TaVAMP723 are present in both the plasma membrane and nucleus. The interaction between TaSYP137 and TaVAMP723 was confirmed using the yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) system. This study offers novel insights into the involvement of SNARE proteins in the resistance of wheat against Bgt, thereby enhancing our comprehension of the role of the SNARE family in the pathways related to plant disease resistance.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

14

Liang, Yinping, Ye Xia, Xiaoli Chang, Guoshu Gong, Jizhi Yang, Yuting Hu, Madison Cahill i in. "Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Wheat Carrying Pm40 Response to Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici Using Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, nr 4 (21.02.2019): 933. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20040933.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Wheat powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt) is considered a major wheat leaf disease in the main wheat producing regions of the world. Although many resistant wheat cultivars to this disease have been developed, little is known about their resistance mechanisms. Pm40 is a broad, effective resistance gene against powdery mildew in wheat line L699. The aim of this study was to investigate the resistance proteins after Bgt inoculation in wheat lines L699, Neimai836, and Chuannong26. Neimai836 with Pm21 was used as the resistant control, and Chuannong26 without any effective Pm genes was the susceptible control. Proteins were extracted from wheat leaves sampled 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h after Bgt inoculation, separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis, and stained with Coomassie brilliant blue G-250. The results showed that different proteins were upregulated and downregulated in three wheat cultivars at different time points. For the wheat cultivar L699, a total of 62 proteins were upregulated and 71 proteins were downregulated after Bgt inoculation. Among these, 46 upregulated proteins were identified by mass spectrometry analysis using the NCBI nr database of Triticum. The identified proteins were predicted to be associated with the defense response, photosynthesis, signal transduction, carbohydrate metabolism, energy pathway, protein turnover, and cell structure functions. It is inferred that the proteins are not only involved in defense response, but also other physiological and cellular processes to confer wheat resistance against Bgt. Therefore, the resistance products potentially mediate the immune response and coordinate other physiological and cellular processes during the resistance response to Bgt. The lipoxygenase, glucan exohydrolase, glucose adenylyltransferasesmall, phosphoribulokinase, and phosphoglucomutase are first reported to be involved in the interactions of wheat-Bgt at early stage. The further study of these proteins will deepen our understanding of their detailed functions and potentially develop more efficient disease control strategies.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

15

Liu, X. B., Y. H. Sun, Min Chen, Chong Qing Huang, J. Liu i Z. M. Wan. "Electrical Characteristics and Microstructures of Gd-Doped Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ Ceramics". Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (kwiecień 2007): 149–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.149.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The electrical properties of Gd-doped bismuth titanates (Bi3.25Gd0.75Ti3O12, BGT) prepared by a conventional ceramic technique have been investigated. At applied d.c. field below 200V/mm, the current-voltage curve of the BGT ceramic exhibits a negative differential resistance behavior. The impedance spectrum indicates that the sample consists of semiconducting grain and moderately insulating grain boundary regions. XRD, SEM and EPMA analyses reveal crystalline phase characterized by a Bi-layered perovskite structure of Bi4Ti3O12 (BIT) and the distribution of every element is uniform. The BGT sample exhibits randomly oriented and plate-like morphology.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

16

Bhattacharya, Asish K., Florian Stolz, Jürgen Kurzeck, Wolfgang Rüger i Richard R. Schmidt. "Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of substituted aryl- and hetarylmethyl phosphonate and phosphate UMP derivatives as potential glucosyltransferase inhibitors". Canadian Journal of Chemistry 80, nr 8 (1.08.2002): 973–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v02-119.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The enzyme β (1[Formula: see text]4)-glucosyltransferase (BGT) catalyses the transfer of glucose from uridine diphosphoglucose (UDP-Glc) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-HMC) bases in double-stranded DNA. Potential inhibitors of BGT were developed by structure-based design and synthesized. The designed inhibitors 16 provide conformational mimicry of the transition state in glucosyltransfer reactions. The key synthetic steps involve a MichaelisArbuzov reaction followed by coupling with uridine-5'-morpholidophosphate as activated UMP derivative. The compounds were tested for in vitro inhibitory activity against BGT and the inhibition kinetics were examined. Three of the designed molecules were found to be potential inhibitors of BGT having IC50 values in the micromolar (µM) range. Useful structureactivity relationships were established which provide guidelines for the design of future generations of inhibitors of BGT.Key words: β-glucosyltransferase, transition state, enzyme inhibitors, structure-based design, synthesis.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

17

Takanaga, Hitomi, Sumio Ohtsuki, Ken-Ichi Hosoya i Tetsuya Terasaki. "GAT2/BGT-1 as a System Responsible for the Transport of γ-Aminobutyric Acid at the Mouse Blood–Brain Barrier". Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 21, nr 10 (październik 2001): 1232–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004647-200110000-00012.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

In this study, the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transporter at the blood–brain barrier (BBB) was identified by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot, and immunostaining analysis, and the transport mechanism was characterized using a conditionally immortalized mouse brain capillary endothelial cell line (TM-BBB) as an in vitro model of the BBB. γ-Aminobutyric acid transport was studied by the cellular uptake of [3H]GABA. [3H]GABA uptake by TM-BBB cells was Na+−, Cl−-, and concentration-dependent. The corresponding Michaelis–Menten constant was 679 ± 80 μmol/L and the maximal uptake rate was 4,790 ± 494 pmol/(mg protein · 5 minutes). [3 H]GABA uptake by TM-BBB cells was significantly inhibited by betaine, β-alanine, nipecotic acid, taurine, and quinidine, whereas probenecid, L-proline, creatine, and glycine had no effect. This type of inhibition is consistent with the predominant involvement of the GAT2/BGT-1 transporter in TM-BBB cells. RT-PCR analysis showed that GAT2/BGT-1 mRNA was expressed in TM-BBB cells, whereas Western blot analysis showed that TM-BBB cells and mouse brain capillaries express GAT2/BGT-1 protein. Moreover, confocal immunofluorescent microscopy of dual-labeled mouse brain sections demonstrated the colocalization of GAT2/BGT-1 and P-glycoprotein, a BBB-specific marker, on brain capillaries labeled with anti–GAT2/BGT-1 antibody and anti–P-glycoprotein antibody, respectively. These results are evidence that GAT2/BGT-1 is expressed at the BBB and is involved in GABA transport across the BBB.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

18

Schweikhard, Eva S., Birgitta C. Burckhardt, Friedericke Joos, Cristina Fenollar-Ferrer, Lucy R. Forrest, Stephen A. Kempson i Christine Ziegler. "Role of N-glycosylation in renal betaine transport". Biochemical Journal 470, nr 2 (20.08.2015): 169–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20131031.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Membrane insertion of the renal betaine transporter BGT-1 (betaine/GABA transporter 1) is regulated according to hyperosmotic stress. Our investigations show that N-glycosylation is absolutely required for regulation and identified the regulatory role of one specific N-glycosylation site in BGT-1.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

19

Petronini, Pier-Giorgio, Roberta R. Alfieri, M. Nadia Losio, Alessandro E. Caccamo, Andrea Cavazzoni, Mara A. Bonelli, Angelo F. Borghetti i Kenneth P. Wheeler. "Induction of BGT-1 and amino acid System A transport activities in endothelial cells exposed to hyperosmolarity". American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 279, nr 5 (1.11.2000): R1580—R1589. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.2000.279.5.r1580.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

We studied the responses to hypertonicity of cultured endothelial cells from swine pulmonary arteries. In 0.5 osmol/kgH2O medium, initial cell shrinkage was followed by a regulatory volume increase (RVI), complete after 1 h, concomitant with an increase in cellular K+content. Then the activity of amino acid transport System A increased, accompanied by an accumulation of ninhydrin-positive solutes (NPS), reaching a peak at ∼6 h. The subsequent decline in System A activity was paralleled by an induction of the betaine-GABA transporter (BGT-1), detected as increases of BGT-1 mRNA and of transport activity, which peaked at ∼24 h. Inhibitors of transcription or translation prevented induction of both transport activities. The increased expression of BGT-1, which involved activation of “tonicity-responsive enhancer,” was inhibited by 5 mM extracellular betaine. Cellular K+concentration gradually declined after the accumulation of NPS and during the induction of BGT-1. This very effective adaptation to hypertonicity suggests it has a physiological role.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

20

Sepúlveda, Gabriel K., Felipe Besoain, Sven von Brand i Nicolas A. Barriga. "Biome Generation Tool: A Mixed-Initiative Software for the Procedural Generation of Biomes". Applied Sciences 13, nr 14 (11.07.2023): 8070. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13148070.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

This article presents the Biome Generation Tool (BGT), a mixed-initiative procedural content generator plugin for the Unity3D game engine that uses an Evolutionary Algorithm (EA) for the creation of biomes in videogames. A double-blind evaluation was performed with 28 videogame developers split into two groups. The experimental group received a standard BGT, while the control group received a version optimizing for the negative of the fitness function. A survey with semantic differential questions focused on AI impact, productivity, and user satisfaction was applied. The experimental group’s appreciation of the AI suggestions, perceived productivity increase, and satisfaction were significantly higher than those of the control group. From the results, we conclude that the BGT succeeds in assisting the development of biomes, generating products of acceptable quality while reducing the designer’s workload. In the future, we expect to confirm these results with a separate group of users evaluating the biomes built using BGT.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

21

Garcia, Raíssa Manoel, Waldemir Francisco Vieira-Junior, Jéssica Dias Theobaldo, Flávio Henrique Baggio Aguiar i Débora Alves Nunes Leite Lima. "Impact of Bioactive Glass-Based Toothpaste on Color Properties and Surface Microhardness of Bleached Enamel". European Journal of General Dentistry 10, nr 01 (styczeń 2021): 001–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1732773.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Abstract Objective The role of toothpaste used during aesthetic treatments is rarely investigated. The objective was to evaluate the effects of a bioactive glass-based toothpaste (BGT) used before or after the dental bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP). Materials and Methods Bovine enamel blocks (4 × 4 mm; n = 12) were submitted to tooth bleaching and different treatments/storage, before or after HP, based on: (1) no toothpaste and immersion in artificial saliva (AS) after HP for 24 hours, 7 days, or 14 days (control); (2) daily BGT use and AS storage for 7 or 14 days (after HP); and (3) daily BGT use and AS storage for 7 or 14 days (prior to HP). Surface and in-depth color were determined using the CIE L*a*b* system (ΔL*, Δa*, Δb*, and ΔE) on enamel surface and underlying dentin. The surface microhardness (SMH) was evaluated using a Knoop microhardness tester. Statistical Analysis Data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) (color variables), repeated measures ANOVA (SMH), and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05). Results The color changes on the enamel or underlying dentin were not statistically different among the groups (p > 0.05). Twenty-four hours after HP presented a decrease in SMH differing from baseline (p < 0.01). This decrease did not occur in the groups previously exposed to BGT (p > 0.05). BGT use after HP for 7 days differed from group with exclusive AS storage (p < 0.05). Conclusion In-office tooth bleaching can decrease the microhardness of enamel surface; however, the use of BGT promotes the protection or enables the mineral recovery of tooth without the influence the bleaching efficacy.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

22

Aysha, Tuba, Saima Zaki, Md Farhan Alam, Saurabh Sharma, Saeed Mufleh Alnasser, Abdulkarim Saeed Alqahatn, Aqsa Mujaddadi, Ahmar Raza i Shibili Nuhmani. "Effectiveness of backward gait training on body composition, cardiopulmonary fitness, inflammation, and metabolic marker in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis". International Journal of Critical Illness and Injury Science 14, nr 2 (kwiecień 2024): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijciis.ijciis_74_23.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

ABSTRACT Walking is a fundamental physical activity with significant health implications. Backward gait training (BGT) has emerged as a novel approach with potential benefits, yet its effects in comparison to traditional forward gait training (FGT) remain uncertain. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of BGT on body composition, cardiopulmonary fitness, and inflammatory and metabolic markers in adults. A comprehensive search across electronic databases was conducted following the Preferred Publishing Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing BGT with FGT in adults were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. The certainty of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. The analysis included a total of 379 male participants across the studies. The meta-analysis demonstrated significant changes in body composition and inflammatory marker outcomes, which included waist-to-height ratio (standardized mean difference [SMD]-1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]-1.89–0.48, I2 = 83%, P < 0.01), body mass index (SMD-0.55, 95% CI-0.77–0.32, I2= 0%, P < 0.01), and C-reactive protein (SMD-0.98, 95% CI–1.28-0.70, I2= 0%, P < 0.01). In addition, the qualitative review revealed potential enhancements in cardiopulmonary fitness and metabolic markers following BGT. While the results suggest potential benefits of BGT on body composition and inflammatory markers, the evidence remains limited and heterogeneous. Further robust research with diverse populations, longer intervention periods, and comprehensive outcome assessments is essential to elucidate the true impact of BGT and its utility for promoting overall health and well-being in adults.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

23

CLAYTON, M. A., i J. W. MOFFAT. "FLUCTUATION SPECTRUM FROM A SCALAR-TENSOR BIMETRIC GRAVITY THEORY". International Journal of Modern Physics D 12, nr 04 (kwiecień 2003): 697–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271803003098.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Predictions of the CMB spectrum from a bimetric gravity theory (BGT)1 are presented. The initial inflationary period in BGT is driven by a vanishingly small speed of gravitational waves vg in the very early universe. This initial inflationary period is insensitive to the choice of scalar field potential and initial values of the scalar field. After this initial period of inflation, vg will increase rapidly and the effects of a potential will become important. We show that a quadratic potential introduced into BGT yields an approximately flat spectrum with inflation parameters: ns=0.98, nt=-0.027, αs=-3.2×10-4 and αt=-5.0×10-4, with r ≥ 0.014.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

24

Belhaj, Kamal, Farid Mansouri, Abdessamad Benmoumen, Marianne Sindic, Marie-Laure Fauconnier, Mohamed Boukharta, C. Hana Serghini i Ahmed Elamrani. "Fatty acids, health lipid indices, and cholesterol content of sheep meat of three breeds from Moroccan pastures". Archives Animal Breeding 63, nr 2 (16.12.2020): 471–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-63-471-2020.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Abstract. The lipid analysis of commercial lamb's meat, from two main Moroccan production areas Middle Atlas and highlands of eastern Morocco, was conducted. This study concerns the lipid quality of sheep meat from Beni Guil (BG) and Timahdite (Ti) as indigenous breeds and that of the Ouled Djellal (ODj) breed of Algerian origin. To study the effect of the geographical area, the meat samples from the Beni Guil breed were taken in the two main locations of this breed: in the region of Ain Beni Mathar (BGA) and that of Tendrara (BGT). The fatty acid profiles of the sheep meats analyzed showed the following: (i) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) richness was of 12.87 % and 20.59 % respectively for BGA and BGT breeds; (ii) polyunsaturated ∕ saturated fatty acid ratios were ranged between 0.28 to 0.50 respectively for BGA and Ti breed; and (iii) PUFA-n−3 content was 1.71 % for ODj breed and 2.13 % for BGA. Thus, the PUFA-n−6 ∕ PUFA n−3 ratios range between 4.92 and 9.6 for BGA and Ti sheep meat, respectively. The cholesterol content was 0.08 % and 0.12 % of fresh meat respectively for ODj and BGA. Finally, meats of BGA and ODj have similar thrombogenicity (1.23 and 1.27 respectively) and atherogenicity indices (0.71 and 0.68 respectively). Statistically, these values were significantly higher than those registered for Ti breed (IT: 1.04 and AI: 0.51). In conclusion, from a nutritional point of view, it can be deduced that these meats have an interesting lipid quality due to their richness in desirable fatty acid (UFA + C18 : 0).

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

25

N’da, Karamoko, Jiaoju Ge, Steven Ji-Fan Ren i Jia Wang. "Perception of the purchase budget (BGT) and purchase intention in smartphone selling industry: A cross-country analysis". PLOS ONE 18, nr 7 (3.07.2023): e0279575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279575.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The study explores the direct and mediated impacts of customers’ perception of purchase budget (BGT) on purchase intention (PIT) through perceived quality (PPQ), perceived price (PPR), and perceived benefit (PB) in a cross-country setting to understand BGT’s role in predicting customer purchase intention in smartphone selling through international online shopping platforms. An online survey was conducted in Kenya, France, and the United States to gather data from 429 consumers who had recently purchased one or more smartphones through international online shopping platforms. SmartPLS-4 was used to test the hypotheses. Results for the entire sample showed a significantly positive mediating role of PPR and PPQ between BGT and PIT. However, the mediating roles of PPQ and PB were not significant in the samples from Kenya, France, and the United States. The results also showed that PPR plays a significant and positive mediating role between BGT and PIT in samples from Kenya, France, the United States, and overall. However, the direct relationships between BGT and PPQ, PPR, and PB are shown to be negatively significant.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

26

Okolelova, Alla A., Alexey P. Glinushkin, Larisa L. Sviridova, Igor Y. Podkovyrov, Elena E. Nefedieva, Galina S. Egorova, Valery P. Kalinitchenko i in. "Biogeosystem Technique (BGT*) Methodology Will Provide Semiarid Landscape Sustainability (A Case of the South Russia Volgograd Region Soil Resources)". Agronomy 12, nr 11 (6.11.2022): 2765. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12112765.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The science and political initiatives focus is not only concerning agricultural intensification for food security and human development. The prevention of land degradation and loss is important, and a new land-use technological platform is needed for human well-being and the ecosystem service coupling. An adverse change in the soil quality of the steppe terrain under the standard agriculture is revealed, and the dynamics of the ecosystem service is assessed. The results indicated that the standard land-use practice deteriorates stability of the soil cover, failing to ensure the soil productivity and the ecosystem services in a dry terrain. For land degradation prevention and soil-environmental services refinement, a new transcendental Biogeosystem Technique (BGT*) technological platform was developed. The BGT* is capable of providing long-term, sustainable land-use management. The BGT* methodology includes intra-soil milling, intra-soil pulse continually discrete watering, and intra-soil waste recycling. The BGT* is a basis for future political initiatives in land-use management to prevent land degradation and loss, to increase soil productivity, and to provide soil-environmental services.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

27

Kempson, Stephen A., Vaibhave Parikh, Lixuan Xi, Shaoyou Chu i Marshall H. Montrose. "Subcellular redistribution of the renal betaine transporter during hypertonic stress". American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 285, nr 5 (listopad 2003): C1091—C1100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00021.2003.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The betaine transporter (BGT1) protects cells in the hypertonic renal inner medulla by mediating uptake and accumulation of the osmolyte betaine. Transcriptional regulation plays an essential role in upregulation of BGT1 transport when renal cells are exposed to hypertonic medium for 24 h. Posttranscriptional regulation of the BGT1 protein is largely unexplored. We have investigated the distribution of BGT1 protein in live cells after transfection with BGT1 tagged with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). Fusion of EGFP to the NH2 terminus of BGT1 produced a fusion protein (EGFP-BGT) with transport properties identical to normal BGT1, as determined by ion dependence, inhibitor sensitivity, and apparent Km for GABA. Confocal microscopy of EGFP-BGT fluorescence in transfected Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells showed that hypertonic stress for 24 h induced a shift in subcellular distribution from cytoplasm to plasma membrane. This was confirmed by colocalization with anti-BGT1 antibody staining. In fibroblasts, transfected EGFP-BGT caused increased transport in response to hypertonic stress. The activation of transport was not accompanied by increased expression of EGFP-BGT, as determined by Western blotting. Membrane insertion of EGFP-BGT protein in MDCK cells began within 2-3 h after onset of hypertonic stress and was blocked by cycloheximide. We conclude that posttranscriptional regulation of BGT1 is essential for adaptation to hypertonic stress and that insertion of BGT1 protein to the plasma membrane may require accessory proteins.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

28

Pazarlar, Sercan, Nedim Cetinkaya, Melike Bor i Filiz Ozdemir. "Ozone triggers different defence mechanisms against powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis DC. Speer f. sp. tritici) in susceptible and resistant wheat genotypes". Functional Plant Biology 44, nr 10 (2017): 1016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp17038.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Ozone has been proposed as a convenient elicitor against pathogens since it is known to generate different reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induce nonspecific defence by altering gene expression. The mode of action and its interaction with other defence pathways are yet to be elucidated. Besides its negative effects on plants, ozone can be used for triggering defence against environmental stresses, including pathogens, when used at appropriate concentrations. Powdery mildew, caused by the obligate biotrophic fungus Blumera graminis f.sp. tritici (Bgt), is an important plant disease that reduces crop yield and quality. We hypothesised that ozone treatment may elicit defence against Bgt by inducing ROS signalling or other routes such as the salicylic acid (SA) or jasmonic acid (JA) pathways. We conducted experiments with Bgt-susceptible (cv. Pamukova) and resistant (cv. Tahirova) wheat (Triticum aestivum L,) cultivars and treated them with different ozone concentrations before Bgt inoculation. Stress response and defence-related features such as antioxidative enzyme activity; lipid peroxidation; H2O2 and Ca+2 levels; PR1, LOX, PAL and RBOH gene expression; and disease severity were assayed. Clear discrepancies between the responses of susceptible and resistant cultivars were found, suggesting that different defence routes were activated. Here, we showed that ozone treatment was effective for diminishing Bgt invasion in the susceptible cultivar in the short term, which was probably related to defence induced via the SA pathway. Moreover, the resistant cultivar Tahirova exhibited a different mode of action against the pathogen that was triggered by ozone treatment, plausibly related to the JA pathway.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

29

Raouani, Nour El Houda, Elodie Claverie, Béatrice Randoux, Ludovic Chaveriat, Yazen Yaseen, Bopha Yada, Patrick Martin i in. "Bio-Inspired Rhamnolipids, Cyclic Lipopeptides and a Chito-Oligosaccharide Confer Protection against Wheat Powdery Mildew and Inhibit Conidia Germination". Molecules 27, nr 19 (7.10.2022): 6672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27196672.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Plant protection is mainly based on the application of synthetic pesticides to limit yield losses resulting from diseases. However, the use of more eco-friendly strategies for sustainable plant protection has become a necessity that could contribute to controlling pathogens through a direct antimicrobial effect and/or an induction of plant resistance. Three different families of natural or bioinspired compounds originated from bacterial or fungal strains have been evaluated to protect wheat against powdery mildew, caused by the biotrophic Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici (Bgt). Thus, three bio-inspired mono-rhamnolipids (smRLs), three cyclic lipopeptides (CLPs, mycosubtilin (M), fengycin (F), surfactin (S)) applied individually and in mixtures (M + F and M + F + S), as well as a chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) BioA187 were tested against Bgt, in planta and in vitro. Only the three smRLs (Rh-Eth-C12, Rh-Est-C12 and Rh-Succ-C12), the two CLP mixtures and the BioA187 led to a partial protection of wheat against Bgt. The higher inhibitor effects on the germination of Bgt spores in vitro were observed from smRLs Rh-Eth-C12 and Rh-Succ-C12, mycosubtilin and the two CLP mixtures. Taking together, these results revealed that such molecules could constitute promising tools for a more eco-friendly agriculture.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

30

Li, Yinghui, Lina Qiu, Xinye Liu, Qiang Zhang, Xiangxi Zhuansun, Tzion Fahima, Tamar Krugman, Qixin Sun i Chaojie Xie. "Glycerol-Induced Powdery Mildew Resistance in Wheat by Regulating Plant Fatty Acid Metabolism, Plant Hormones Cross-Talk, and Pathogenesis-Related Genes". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, nr 2 (20.01.2020): 673. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21020673.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Our previous study indicated that glycerol application induced resistance to powdery mildew (Bgt) in wheat by regulating two important signal molecules, glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) and oleic acid (OA18:1). Transcriptome analysis of wheat leaves treated by glycerol and inoculated with Bgt was performed to identify the activated immune response pathways. We identified a set of differentially expressed transcripts (e.g., TaGLI1, TaACT1, and TaSSI2) involved in glycerol and fatty acid metabolism that were upregulated in response to Bgt infection and might contribute to G3P and OA18:1 accumulation. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed GO terms induced by glycerol, such as response to jasmonic acid (JA), defense response to bacterium, lipid oxidation, and growth. In addition, glycerol application induced genes (e.g., LOX, AOS, and OPRs) involved in the metabolism pathway of linolenic and alpha-linolenic acid, which are precursor molecules of JA biosynthesis. Glycerol induced JA and salicylic acid (SA) levels, while glycerol reduced the auxin (IAA) level in wheat. Glycerol treatment also induced pathogenesis related (PR) genes, including PR-1, PR-3, PR-10, callose synthase, PRMS, RPM1, peroxidase, HSP70, HSP90, etc. These results indicate that glycerol treatment regulates fatty acid metabolism and hormones cross-talk and induces the expression of PR genes that together contribute to Bgt resistance in wheat.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

31

Shakeri, Samaneh, Reza Bidaki, Hamid Mirhosseini i Mina Kiani. "Comparing Bender-Gestalt Test and Quantitative Electroencephalography for Brain Trauma Diagnosis in Depressive and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders". International Clinical Neuroscience Journal 8, nr 3 (30.06.2021): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/icnj.2021.29.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Background: Some experts assert there is an association between traumatic brain injury and cognitive impairments such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and depressive disorder. Furthermore, children and adults with ADHD struggle with focusing, organizing tasks, and feeling restless. They might experience sadness, guilt, irritability, low self-confidence and helplessness. In this regard, ADHD and depressive disorder occasionally occur together. We aimed to compare the clinical application of the Bender-Gestalt test (BGT) and electroencephalography in screening brain damage in the patients with the mentioned disorders. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study to assess diagnostic accuracy. Eighty patients with depression (n=35) and ADHD (n=45) resulting from brain damage aged 10-35 years who had been referred by the psychologist or psychiatrist to Imam Hossein Clinic in Yazd. Both the BGT and quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) results existed in their files. Patients with any serious medical, other psychiatric disorders or history of drug dependency were excluded. Paired t test was used to analyze the differences. Results: The brain damage score was different in the two tests. Based on the paired t test, the BGT was a more valid screening test. Also, the score of the two tests were different in the depression and ADHD mean scores (P<0.05). Conclusion: BGT was a more reliable tool compared to QEEG for diagnosing brain damage within the patients with the mentioned disorders.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

32

Wei, Zhen-Zhen, Valentyna Klymiuk, Valeria Bocharova, Curtis Pozniak i Tzion Fahima. "A Post-Haustorial Defense Mechanism is Mediated by the Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene, PmG3M, Derived from Wild Emmer Wheat". Pathogens 9, nr 6 (28.05.2020): 418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9060418.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The destructive wheat powdery mildew disease is caused by the fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt). PmG3M, derived from wild emmer wheat Triticum dicoccoides accession G305-3M, is a major gene providing a wide-spectrum resistance against Bgt. PmG3M was previously mapped to wheat chromosome 6B using an F6 recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping population generated by crossing G305-3M with the susceptible T. durum wheat cultivar Langdon (LDN). In the current study, we aimed to explore the defense mechanisms conferred by PmG3M against Bgt. Histopathology of fungal development was characterized in artificially inoculated leaves of G305-3M, LDN, and homozygous RILs using fluorescence and light microscopy. G305-3M exhibited H2O2 accumulation typical of a hypersensitive response, which resulted in programmed cell death (PCD) in Bgt-penetrated epidermal cells, while LDN showed well-developed colonies without PCD. In addition, we observed a post-haustorial resistance mechanism that arrested the development of fungal feeding structures and pathogen growth in both G305-3M and resistant RIL, while LDN and a susceptible RIL displayed fully developed digitated haustoria and massive accumulation of fungal biomass. In contrast, both G305-3M and LDN exhibited callose deposition in attempt to prevent fungal invasion, supporting this as a mechanism of a basal defense response not associated with PmG3M resistance mechanism per se. The presented results shed light on the resistance mechanisms conferred by PmG3M against wheat powdery mildew.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

33

Pereira, Kátia Cristiane Borges, Cinara da Cunha Siqueira Carvalho, José Reinaldo Mendes Ruas, Gustavo Chamon de Castro Menezes, Anna Luísa de Oliveira Castro i Maria Dulcinéia da Costa. "Effect of the climatic environment on ingestive behavior of F1 Holstein x Zebu cows". Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal 19, nr 2 (kwiecień 2018): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-99402018000200006.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

SUMMARY The objective of this study was to evaluate the ingestive behavior of five different genetic groups of F1 Holstein x Zebu (HxZ) cows during lactation during the summer. The evaluated groups were: Holstein x Gir, Holstein x Nelogir, Holstein x Guzonel, Holstein x Nelore and x Indubrasil. The experiment it occurred place during the summer in the Farm of Agricultural Research Company of Minas Gerais, located in Felixlândia- MG. A completely randomized design with factorial arrangement 5 × 4, five crossings and four periods of observation, with ten repetitions was used. The measurements of climate variables were made using dataloggers and calculated the black globe temperature and humidity index. There was the percentage of animals grazing, rumination, urination, defecation, water intake and salt intake during the day and at night every 30 minutes. The F1 animals used did not affect the grazing behavior due to high BGT values. There was a higher frequency of rumination and idle period in the morning, showing a natural behavior of cattle. Defecation was higher during the day, coinciding with the period of greater movement of animals. Water consumption was greater in the post- milking and the salt consumption in the afternoon. There was a positive statistical correlation between BGT and grazing, and negative correlation between BGT and leisure. Thus, the F1 animals grazing behavior has not changed because of the high BGT values, explaining the adaptability and resilience of five genetic groups, being a viable option for warm climate regions.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

34

Pereira, Jessica M. V., Gustavo Mazon, Megan M. Woodrum Setser i Joao H. C. Costa. "PSX-22 Effects Of Milk Replacer Supplementation with Beta-Glucans on Male Dairy Calf Performance". Journal of Animal Science 101, Supplement_3 (6.11.2023): 515–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skad281.608.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Abstract The objective of this randomized controlled trial was to determine the performance effects of milk replacer supplemented with a feed additive high in beta-glucans for male dairy calves. Holstein male calves (n = 147) were enrolled in a 76-day randomized block trial in two blocks. Upon enrollment, calves were assigned to one of the four following treatments: Control with no beta-glucan supplementation (BG0; n = 36; BW = 48.32 ± 3.73 kg), 1 g· animal-1· d-1 (BG1; n = 38; BW = 48.29 ± 2.89kg), 3 g· animal-1· d-1 (BG3; n = 37; BW = 48.31 ± 3.23 kg), and 5 g· animal-1· d-1 (BG5; n = 36; BW = 48.47 ± 3.00 kg) of beta-glucans. The beta-glucan supplement was blended with milk replacer (24% CP, 20% fat; 130 g/L) and fed to calves during the morning milking. Calves were individually housed, had unlimited access to water, and a pelletized calf starter (20% CP). Calves were fed 5 L/d of milk replacer divided into two equal meals until d 15; milk feeding plan increased until d 35 (8 L/d), on d 36, milk allowance was gradually reduced until weaned on d 56 (2.5 L/d). Calf starter intake and body weight were recorded weekly until d 77. Disease treatment was recorded daily. A mixed linear model determined the effect of treatment on calf starter intake and average daily gain. The model included treatment if the calf was ever treated with antibiotics for respiratory disease and/or diarrhea, study period, and a treatment by period interaction. Block was considered a random factor. The total milk replacer intake was 5.73 ± 0.08, 5.71 ± 0.08, 5.73 ± 0.01, 5.73 ± 0.01 L/d for BG0, BG1, BG3 and BG5, respectively. Calf grain intake by treatment was 58.10 ± 12.02, 54.58 ± 8.11, 56.86 ± 11.8, 56.73 ± 15.52 for BG0, BG1, BG3 and BG5, respectively. Overall, 55% and 71% of all calves were treated at least once for diarrhea, and respiratory disease respectively. The percentage of animals treated for diarrhea by treatment were 45.00, 57.50, 50.00, and 32.50% for BG0, BG1, BG3, and BG5, respectively. For respiratory disease, the percentage of animals treated was 72.5, 72.5, 70.0, and 70.00 for BG0, BG1, BG3, and BG5 treatments, respectively. There was a significant interaction between treatment and study period where the control group had greater starter intake during the postweaning period (BG0 = 0.78 ± 0.01, BG1= 0.82 ± 0.01, BG3 = 0.81 ± 0.02, BG5 = 0.82± 0.01 kg/d; P < 0 .001). No treatment or treatment by study period effects was observed for average daily gain (P = 0.79, P = 0.89, respectively). Future research should investigate the effects of beta-glucans on blood metabolites and palatability throughout the calf-rearing period.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

35

WU, Pei-Fung, Sheng-Nan WU, Chun-Chang CHANG i Long-Sen CHANG. "Cloning and functional expression of B chains of β-bungarotoxins from Bungarus multicinctus (Taiwan banded krait)". Biochemical Journal 334, nr 1 (15.08.1998): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3340087.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The cDNA species encoding the B chains (B1 and B2) of β-bungarotoxins (β-Bgt) were constructed from the cellular RNA isolated from the venom glands of Bungarus multicinctus (Taiwan banded krait). The deduced amino acid sequences of the B chains were different from those determined previously by a protein sequencing technique. One additional Arg residue is inserted between Val-19 and Arg-20 of the B1 chain. Similarly the insertion of one additional Val residue between Val-19 and Arg-20 of the B2 chain is noted. Thus the B chains should comprise 61 amino acid residues. Moreover, the residues at positions 44–46 are Gly-Asn-His, in contrast with a previous result showing the sequence His-Gly-Asn. Instead of Asp, the residues at positions 41 and 43 are Asn. The B chain was subcloned into the expression vector pET-32a(+) and transformed into Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3). The recombinant B chain was expressed as a fusion protein and purified on a His-Bind resin column. The yield of affinity-purified fusion protein was increased markedly by replacing Cys-55 of the B chain with Ser. However, the isolated B(C55S) chain became insoluble in aqueous solution after removal of the fused protein from the affinity-purified product, suggesting that protein–protein interactions might be crucial for stabilizing the structure of the B chain. The B(C55S) chain fusion protein showed activity in blocking the voltage-dependent K+ channel, but did not inhibit the binding of β-Bgt to synaptosomal membranes. These results, together with the finding that modification of His-48 of the A chain of β-Bgt caused a marked decrease in the ability to bind toxin to its acceptor proteins, suggest that the B chain is involved in the K+ channel blocking action observed with β-Bgt, and that the binding of β-Bgt to neuronal receptors is not heavily dependent on the B chain.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

36

Dan, Hyun Kook, i Yoo Jin Han. "A study of BGT response level of young children". korean Jouranl of Early Childhood Education 16, nr 1 (31.08.2014): 231–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15409/riece.2014.16.1.231.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

37

Zhang, Lijian, Huizhen Wang, Zhenjun Huang, Xian Shi, Sen Hu, Ingrid Gaischek, Daniela Litscher, Lu Wang i Gerhard Litscher. "Inhibiting Effect of Electroacupuncture at Zusanli on Early Inflammatory Factor Levels Formed by Postoperative Abdominal Adhesions". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/950326.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

We observed the inhibitive effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at Zusanli on inflammatory mediators of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions to find out the relationship between EA and the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Sixty-four rats were divided into 8 groups (A–H, each = 8): A = sham control; B = abdominal adhesions model; C = abdominal adhesions plus EA; D = sham acupoint control; E = abdominal adhesions plus vagotomy; F = abdominal adhesions plus EA after vagotomy; G = abdominal adhesions plusα-bungarotoxin (BGT); and H = abdominal adhesions plus EA afterα-BGT.α-BGT (1 μg/kg) was injected into the abdominal cavity after surgery, and the bilateral celiac vagotomy was done during the surgery. On the third day the levels of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, nitric oxide (NO), and nitric oxide synthase (NOS)) in tissues were evaluated. The abdominal adhesion groups developed obvious edema. Compared with sham control, the abdominal adhesion resulted in a significant elevation of inflammatory mediators. EA lowered the elevated levels of inflammatory mediators significantly; EA plusα-BGT and vagotomy showed less anti-inflammatory effects. The activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway might be one of the mechanisms of EA at Zusanli acupoints to exert the anti-inflammatory effects.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

38

Huang, Xuhui, Xueli Jin, Xiaojie Ren, Wenxuan Wu, Wenjun Ji, Lihua Feng, Bo Jiang i in. "Haplotype Analysis Sheds Light on the Genetic Evolution of the Powdery Mildew Resistance Locus Pm60 in Triticum Species". Pathogens 12, nr 2 (2.02.2023): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12020241.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Wheat powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, Bgt, recently clarified as B. graminis s. str.), is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat. Pm60 is a nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) gene that confers race-specific resistance to Bgt. Allelic variants (Pm60, Pm60a, and Pm60b) were found in Triticum urartu and T. dicoccoides, the wild progenitors of wheat. In the present study, we studied the diversity of the Pm60 locus in a large set of wheat germplasm and found 20 tetraploid wheats harboring the Pm60 alleles, which correspond to three novel haplotypes (HapI–HapIII). HapI (Pm60 allele) and HapII (Pm60a allele) were present in domesticated tetraploid wheats, whereas HapIII (Pm60a allele) was identified in wild tetraploid T. araraticum. A sequence comparison of HapII and HapIII revealed that they differed by three SNPs and a GCC deletion. Results of the phylogenetic analysis revealed that HapII was more closely related to the functional haplotype MlIW172. Infection tests showed that HapII-carrying lines display a partial resistance response to Bgt#GH, while HapI was susceptible. Our results provide insights into the genetic evolution of the Pm60 locus and potential valuable alleles for powdery mildew resistance breeding.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

39

Song, Kaiyan, Hui Chang i Yuxia Wang. "Processing of Chinese Base-Generated-Topic Sentences by L1-Korean Speakers: An Eye-Tracking Study". Brain Sciences 12, nr 11 (18.11.2022): 1573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12111573.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

According to the shallow structure hypothesis (SSH), adult L2 learners rely more on lexical-semantic and pragmatic information but less so on syntactic information in online language processing, ending up with shallower syntactic representation. To test the SSH, we conducted an eye-tracking experiment on L1-Korean L2-Chinese learners with native Chinese speakers as the baseline, investigating their processing of Chinese base-generated-topic sentences (BGT). The results show that both the intermediate and advanced Korean learners of Chinese are sensitive to and can make use of syntactic information, but only the advanced learners are sensitive to the semantic constraint when processing Chinese BGT sentences, providing evidence against the SSH.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

40

Al-attar, Rasha, Yichi Zhang i Kenneth B. Storey. "Osmolyte regulation by TonEBP/NFAT5 during anoxia-recovery and dehydration–rehydration stresses in the freeze-tolerant wood frog (Rana sylvatica)". PeerJ 5 (19.01.2017): e2797. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2797.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

BackgroundThe wood frog,Rana sylvatica, tolerates freezing as a means of winter survival. Freezing is considered to be an ischemic/anoxic event in which oxygen delivery is significantly impaired. In addition, cellular dehydration occurs during freezing because water is lost to extracellular compartments in order to promote freezing. In order to prevent severe cell shrinkage and cell death, it is important for the wood frog to have adaptive mechanisms for osmoregulation. One important mechanism of cellular osmoregulation occurs through the cellular uptake/production of organic osmolytes like sorbitol, betaine, and myo-inositol. Betaine and myo-inositol are transported by the proteins BGT-1 and SMIT, respectively. Sorbitol on the other hand, is synthesized inside the cell by the enzyme aldose reductase. These three proteins are regulated at the transcriptional level by the transcription factor, NFAT5/TonEBP. Therefore, the objective of this study was to elucidate the role of NFAT5/TonEBP in regulating BGT-1, SMIT, and aldose reductase, during dehydration and anoxia in the wood frog muscle, liver, and kidney tissues.MethodsWood frogs were subjected to 24 h anoxia-4 h recovery and 40% dehydration-full rehydration experiments. Protein levels of NFAT5, BGT-1, SMIT, and aldose reductase were studied using immunoblotting in muscle, liver, and kidney tissues.ResultsImmunoblotting results demonstrated downregulations in NFAT5 protein levels in both liver and kidney tissues during anoxia (decreases by 41% and 44% relative to control for liver and kidney, respectively). Aldose reductase protein levels also decreased in both muscle and kidney tissues during anoxia (by 37% and 30% for muscle and kidney, respectively). On the other hand, BGT-1 levels increased during anoxia in muscle (0.9-fold compared to control) and kidney (1.1-fold). Under 40% dehydration, NFAT5 levels decreased in liver by 53%. Aldose reductase levels also decreased by 42% in dehydrated muscle, and by 35% in dehydrated liver. In contrast, BGT-1 levels increased by 1.4-fold in dehydrated liver. SMIT levels also increased in both dehydrated muscle and liver (both by 0.8-fold).DiscussionOverall, we observed that osmoregulation through an NFAT5-mediated pathway is both tissue- and stress-specific. In both anoxia and dehydration, there appears to be a general reduction in NFAT5 levels resulting in decreased aldose reductase levels, however BGT-1 and SMIT levels still increase in certain tissues. Therefore, the regulation of osmoregulatory genes during dehydration and anoxia occurs beyond the transcriptional level, and it possibly involves RNA processing as well. These novel findings on the osmoregulatory mechanisms utilized by the wood frog advances our knowledge of osmoregulation during anoxia and dehydration. In addition, these findings highlight the importance of using this model to study molecular adaptations during stress.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

41

Satrio, Satrio. "KARAKTERISTIK AIR TANAH AKUIFER DALAM SEKITAR TEMPAT PEMBUANGAN SAMPAH TERPADU (TPST) BANTAR GEBANG-BEKASI, JAWA BARAT". Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan 18, nr 1 (6.04.2017): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.29122/jtl.v18i1.48.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Telah dilakukan penelitian air tanah akuifer dalam di sekitar TPST Bantar Gebang, Bekasi menggunakan pendekatan isotop alam dan kimia air. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengambil sejumlah sampel air tanah akuifer dalam (kedalaman lebih dari 40 m) di beberapa lokasi sumur bor sekitar TPST Bantar Gebang dan kemudian dianalisis konsentrasi isotop alam dan kimia airnya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik air tanah akuifer dalam di sekitar TPST Bantar Gebang terhadap kemungkinan interaksi dengan air lindi sebagai dampak aktivitas pembuangan sampah. Berdasarkan hasil analisis isotop alam 18 O dan 2H, karakteristik air tanah akuifer dalam dapat dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok sesuai perbedaan konsentrasi isotop alamnya. Pertama, air tanah B3 memiliki konsentrasi isotop alam 18O dan 2H paling miskin (depleted), diperkirakan berasal dari daerah imbuh (recharge) dengan elevasi relatif tinggi. Kedua, air tanah BG2, BG8, BG9, BG4 dan BG7 memiliki konsentrasi isotop alam 18O dan 2H paling kaya (enrich), diperkirakan berasal dari daerah imbuh dengan elevasi relatif rendah. Ketiga, air tanahBG6, BG1dan BG5 memiliki konsentrasi isotop alam 18O dan 2H berada diantara kelompok pertama dan kedua, diperkirakan daerah imbuhnya berada pada elevasi diantara keduanya.Namun demikian, baik berdasarkan hasil analisis isotop alam maupun kimia air, air tanah BG5 dan BG7 terindikasi telah mengalami proses evaporasi atau percampuran dengan air tanah dangkal atau air permukaan tetapi bukan dengan air lindi. Demikian pula dengan sampel air tanah lainnya, seluruhnya tidak mengalami interaksi dengan air lindi. Sementara itu, hasil 14C menunjukkan bahwa aliran air tanah akuifer dalam bergerak dari selatan menuju utara dan barat-laut.Kata kunci: karakteristik air tanah, akuifer dalam, isotop alam, kimia air, TPST Bantar Gebang

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

42

de Araújo, Juliani Caroline Ribeiro, Leonardo Alvares Sobral Silva, Vinicius Almeida de Barros Lima, Tiago Moreira Bastos Campos, Paulo Noronha Lisboa Filho, Roberta Okamoto i Luana Marotta Reis de Vasconcellos. "The Local Release of Teriparatide Incorporated in 45S5 Bioglass Promotes a Beneficial Effect on Osteogenic Cells and Bone Repair in Calvarial Defects in Ovariectomized Rats". Journal of Functional Biomaterials 14, nr 2 (9.02.2023): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb14020093.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

With the increase in the population’s life expectancy, there has also been an increase in the rate of osteoporosis, which has expanded the search for strategies to regenerate bone tissue. The ultrasonic sonochemical technique was chosen for the functionalization of the 45S5 bioglass. The samples after the sonochemical process were divided into (a) functionalized bioglass (BG) and (b) functionalized bioglass with 10% teriparatide (BGT). Isolated mesenchymal cells (hMSC) from femurs of ovariectomized rats were differentiated into osteoblasts and submitted to in vitro tests. Bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) and sham ovariectomy (Sham) surgeries were performed in fifty-five female Wistar rats. After a period of 60 days, critical bone defects of 5.0 mm were created in the calvaria of these animals. For biomechanical evaluation, critical bone defects of 3.0 mm were performed in the tibias of some of these rats. The groups were divided into the clot (control) group, the BG group, and the BGT group. After the sonochemical process, the samples showed modified chemical topographic and morphological characteristics, indicating that the surface was chemically altered by the functionalization of the particles. The cell environment was conducive to cell adhesion and differentiation, and the BG and BGT groups did not show cytotoxicity. In addition, the experimental groups exhibited characteristics of new bone formation with the presence of bone tissue in both periods, with the BGT group and the OVX group statistically differing from the other groups (p < 0.05) in both periods. Local treatment with the drug teriparatide in ovariectomized animals promoted positive effects on bone tissue, and longitudinal studies should be carried out to provide additional information on the biological performance of the mutual action between the bioglass and the release of the drug teriparatide.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

43

Schoenebeck, Claudia. "Fallbeispiele zur Rezessionsdeckung zur Klasse II nach Miller mittels bilaminärer Technik". Informationen aus Orthodontie & Kieferorthopädie 53, nr 01 (marzec 2021): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1254-5669.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

ZusammenfassungEs werden 4 Fallbeispiele präsentiert zur Deckung von Rezessionen der Miller-Klasse II mittels bilaminärer Technik. Allen Fällen geht eine kieferorthopädische Behandlung voraus. Die Wurzeldeckung wurde mit einem Kombinationsverfahren aus Bindegewebstransplantat (BGT) und koronalem Verschiebelappen durchgeführt. Die Vorbehandlung und die genaue Operationsmethodik wird erläutert und postoperative Ergebnisse bis 3 Jahre post operationem dargestellt. Die erreichte Rezessionsdeckung der 4 Fallbeispiele entspricht den in der Literatur beschriebenen durchschnittlichen Rezessionsdeckungen von 84–98 % nach 2 Jahren bei einer Kombination aus Verschiebelappen mit BGT. Damit wurden mittels der bilaminären Technik gute ästhetische Operationsergebnisse erreicht. Bei allen beschriebenen Fällen kam es zur Entstehung von keratinisierter Gingiva. Ebenfalls wurde eine Verdickung des Gewebes erreicht, welche einen guten und stabilen Langzeiterfolg erwarten lässt.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

44

Chen, Min, X. A. Mei i J. Liu. "Electrical Characterization and Microstructures of Bi_4-_xGd_xTi₃O₁₂ Thin Films". Key Engineering Materials 633 (listopad 2014): 257–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.633.257.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Gd2O3-doped bismuth titanate (Bi4-xGdxTi3O12: BGT) and pure Bi4Ti3O12 (BIT) thin films with random orientation were fabricated on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by rf magnetron sputtering technique. These samples had polycrystalline Bi-layered perovskite structure without preferred orientation, and consisted of well developed rod-like grains with random orientation. Gd-doping into BIT caused a large shift of the Curie temperature ( TC ) from 675 °C to lower temperature and a improvement in dielectric property. The experimental results indicated that Gd doping into BIT also result in a remarkable improvement in ferroelectric property. The Pr and the Ec values of the BGT film with x=0.75 were 28 μC/cm2 and 65 kV/cm, respectively.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

45

Tong, Tao, Ya-Juan Liu, Jinhong Kang, Cheng-Mei Zhang i Seong-Gook Kang. "Antioxidant Activity and Main Chemical Components of a Novel Fermented Tea". Molecules 24, nr 16 (12.08.2019): 2917. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24162917.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

In the present study, we aimed to develop a novel fermented tea (NFT) product and to evaluate their in vitro antioxidant potential and chemical composition. We found that NFT contained a high level of total phenolic compounds (102.98 mg gallic acid equivalents/g extract) and exhibited diverse antioxidant activities, such as scavenging of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals, as well as reducing power. The total catechins in NFT were comparable to those of Lipton black tea (LBT), but lower than those of Boseong green tea (BGT) or Tieguanyin oolong tea (TOT). Among all catechins tested, epigallocatechin (EGC) and epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG) were the predominant compounds in NFT. In particular, the contents of total theaflavins (TFs), theaflavin (TF), theaflavin-3-gallate (TF3G), and theaflavin-3’-gallate (TF3’G) in NFT were significantly higher than that of BGT, TOT, or LBT. NFT had the highest level of total essential amino acid and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) compared with BGT, TOT and LBT. Furthermore, the sensory evaluation results showed that NFT had satisfactory color, aroma, taste, and overall acceptability scores. Our results highlight the potential usefulness of this novel fermented tea as a nutraceutical food/ingredient with special functional activities.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

46

Warskulat, Ulrich, Stefanie Brookmann, Andrea Reinen i Dieter Häussinger. "Ultraviolet B radiation induces cell shrinkage and increases osmolyte transporter mRNA expression and osmolyte uptake in HaCaT keratinocytes". Biological Chemistry 388, nr 12 (1.12.2007): 1345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bc.2007.140.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Abstract We have previously shown that compatible organic osmolytes, such as betaine, myo-inositol and taurine, are part of the stress response of normal human keratinocytes (NHKs) to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation. In this regard, we tested human HaCaT keratinocytes as a surrogate cell line for NHK. HaCaT cells osmo-dependently express mRNA specific for transport proteins for betaine (BGT-1), myo-inositol (SMIT) and taurine (TAUT). Compared to normoosmotic (305 mosmol/l) controls, which strongly constitutively expressed BGT-1 mRNA, strong induction of SMIT and TAUT mRNA as well as low induction of BGT-1 mRNA expression was observed between 3 and 9 h after hyperosmotic exposure (405 mosmol/l). This expression correlated with an increased osmolyte uptake. Conversely, hypoosmotic (205 mosmol/l) stimulation led to a significant efflux of osmolytes. Exposure to UVB (290–315 nm) radiation induced cell shrinkage which was followed by an upregulation of osmolyte transporter mRNA levels and osmolyte uptake. These results demonstrate that human HaCaT keratinocytes possess an osmolyte strategy including UVB-induced cell shrinkage and following increased osmolyte uptake. However, several differences in osmolyte transporter expression and uptake were noted between NHK and HaCaT cells, indicating that the use of HaCaT cells as a surrogate cell line for NHK has limitations.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

47

Zhi, Pengfei, Lingyao Kong, Jiao Liu, Xiaona Zhang, Xiaoyu Wang, Haoyu Li, Maokai Sun, Yan Li i Cheng Chang. "Histone Deacetylase TaHDT701 Functions in TaHDA6-TaHOS15 Complex to Regulate Wheat Defense Responses to Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, nr 7 (10.04.2020): 2640. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21072640.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Powdery mildew disease caused by Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici (Bgt) leads to severe economic losses in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). To date, only a few epigenetic modulators have been revealed to regulate wheat powdery mildew resistance. In this study, the histone deacetylase 2 (HD2) type histone deacetylase TaHDT701 was identified as a negative regulator of wheat defense responses to Bgt. Using multiple approaches, we demonstrated that TaHDT701 associates with the RPD3 type histone deacetylase TaHDA6 and the WD40-repeat protein TaHOS15 to constitute a histone deacetylase complex, in which TaHDT701 could stabilize the TaHDA6-TaHOS15 association. Furthermore, knockdown of TaHDT701, TaHDA6, and TaHOS15 resulted in enhanced wheat powdery mildew resistance, suggesting that the TaHDT701-TaHDA6-TaHOS15 histone deacetylase complex negatively regulates wheat defense responses to Bgt. Moreover, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that TaHDT701 could function in concert with TaHOS15 to recruit TaHDA6 to the promoters of defense-related genes such as TaPR1, TaPR2, TaPR5, and TaWRKY45. In addition, silencing of TaHDT701, TaHDA6, and TaHOS15 resulted in the up-regulation of TaPR1, TaPR2, TaPR5, and TaWRKY45 accompanied with increased histone acetylation and methylation, as well as reduced nucleosome occupancy, at their promoters, suggesting that the TaHDT701-TaHDA6-TaHOS15 histone deacetylase complex suppresses wheat powdery mildew resistance by modulating chromatin state at defense-related genes.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

48

Osipov, Alexey V., Elena G. Cheremnykh, Rustam H. Ziganshin, Vladislav G. Starkov, Trang Thuy Thi Nguyen, Khoa Cuu Nguyen, Dung Tien Le, Anh Ngoc Hoang, Victor I. Tsetlin i Yuri N. Utkin. "The Potassium Channel Blocker β-Bungarotoxin from the Krait Bungarus multicinctus Venom Manifests Antiprotozoal Activity". Biomedicines 11, nr 4 (7.04.2023): 1115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11041115.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Protozoal infections are a world-wide problem. The toxicity and somewhat low effectiveness of the existing drugs require the search for new ways of protozoa suppression. Snake venom contains structurally diverse components manifesting antiprotozoal activity; for example, those in cobra venom are cytotoxins. In this work, we aimed to characterize a novel antiprotozoal component(s) in the Bungarus multicinctus krait venom using the ciliate Tetrahymena pyriformis as a model organism. To determine the toxicity of the substances under study, surviving ciliates were registered automatically by an original BioLaT-3.2 instrument. The krait venom was separated by three-step liquid chromatography and the toxicity of the obtained fractions against T. pyriformis was analyzed. As a result, 21 kDa protein toxic to Tetrahymena as isolated and its amino acid sequence was determined by MALDI TOF MS and high-resolution mass spectrometry. It was found that antiprotozoal activity was manifested by β-bungarotoxin (β-Bgt) differing from the known toxins by two amino acid residues. Inactivation of β-Bgt phospholipolytic activity with p-bromophenacyl bromide did not change its antiprotozoal activity. Thus, this is the first demonstration of the antiprotozoal activity of β-Bgt, which is shown to be independent of its phospholipolytic activity.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

49

Lee, Hak Seon, Byung-Eon Noh, Seong Yoon Kim, Hyunwoo Kim i Hee Il Lee. "The Comparative Field Evaluation of Four Different Traps for Mosquito Surveillance in the Republic of Korea". Insects 15, nr 7 (13.07.2024): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects15070531.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Monitoring mosquito populations is essential for controlling mosquito-borne diseases, and the selection of mosquito traps should be tailored to specific surveillance objectives. Here, we tested four mosquito traps for their efficiency and applicability: the Nozawa-style black light trap (BLT), BG-sentinel trap II (BGT), UV-LED Blackhole Plus Mosquito Buster trap (LED), and digital mosquito monitoring system (DMS). The traps were rotated weekly for a 24 h cycle at the same location for 13 weeks. Overall, 1649 female mosquitoes belonging to seven genera and sixteen species were collected by the traps. The traps exhibited differences in both the number of collected individuals and species composition. The BLT showed superior collection efficiency in terms of the number of collected individuals and species evenness, whereas the BGT showed the highest species diversity among all the traps. Thus, the BLT and BGT are the best choices for effective mosquito surveillance based on trap performance. Additionally, despite the relatively low efficiency of the LED and DMS observed in this study, the LED is known to be efficient when used for indoor conditions such as cowsheds, while the DMS has an advanced function that can automatically count the number of mosquitoes. Thus, our findings provide significant guidelines for planning new mosquito surveillance projects in the ROK.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

50

Raphael, Alan J., Charles Golden i Shelia Cassidy-Feltgen. "The Bender-Gestalt Test (BGT) in Forensic Assessment". Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice 2, nr 3 (styczeń 2002): 93–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j158v02n03_06.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „BGT”

Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych