Artykuły w czasopismach: „Belief-desire-intention”

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Mele, Alfred R. "Against a belief/desire analysis of intention". Philosophia 18, nr 2-3 (lipiec 1988): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02380079.

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Wadsley, Theo, i Malcolm Ryan. "A Belief-Desire-Intention Model for Narrative Generation". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment 9, nr 4 (30.06.2021): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aiide.v9i4.12627.

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Narrative AI needs to model more than just action. In this paper, we investigate the Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) agent architecture to allow plots to be modelled in terms of character motivation. This allows authors to focus on elements of the character model which are highly relevant to plot. We describe an extended implementation of the ConGolog agent programming language which includes BDI syntax and semantics. Using this language, we provide an example of how plot could be advantageously modelled in terms of character motivation.

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Saadi, Adel, Ramdane Maamri i Zaidi Sahnoun. "Behavioral flexibility in Belief-Desire- Intention (BDI) architectures". Multiagent and Grid Systems 16, nr 4 (31.12.2020): 343–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/mgs-200335.

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The Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) model is a popular approach to design flexible agents. The key ingredient of BDI model, that contributed to concretize behavioral flexibility, is the inclusion of the practical reasoning. On the other hand, researchers signaled some missing flexibility’s ingredient, in BDI model, essentially the lack of learning. Therefore, an extensive research was conducted in order to extend BDI agents with learning. Although this latter body of research is important, the key contribution of BDI model, i.e., practical reasoning, did not receive a sufficient attention. For instance, for performance reasons, some of the concepts included in the BDI model are neglected by BDI architectures. Neglecting these concepts was criticized by some researchers, as the ability of the agent to reason will be limited, which eventually leads to a more or less flexible reasoning, depending on the concepts explicitly included. The current paper aims to stimulate the researchers to re-explore the concretization of practical reasoning in BDI architectures. Concretely, this paper aims to stimulate a critical review of BDI architectures regarding the flexibility, inherent from the practical reasoning, in the context of single agents, situated in an environment which is not associated with uncertainty. Based on this review, we sketch a new orientation and some suggested improvements for the design of BDI agents. Finally, a simple experiment on a specific case study is carried out to evaluate some suggested improvements, namely the contribution of the agent’s “well-informedness” in the enhancement of the behavioral flexibility.

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Sinhababu, Neil. "The Desire-Belief Account of Intention Explains Everything". Noûs 47, nr 4 (21.06.2012): 680–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0068.2012.00864.x.

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Chen, Huang, Chen Long i Hao-Bin Jiang. "Building a Belief–Desire–Intention Agent for Modeling Neural Networks". Applied Artificial Intelligence 29, nr 8 (14.09.2015): 753–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08839514.2015.1071089.

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Kardas, Geylani, Baris Tekin Tezel i Moharram Challenger. "Domain‐specific modelling language for belief–desire–intention software agents". IET Software 12, nr 4 (sierpień 2018): 356–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-sen.2017.0094.

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Koo, Chulmo, Youhee Joun, Heejeong Han i Namho Chung. "A structural model for destination travel intention as a media exposure". International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 28, nr 7 (11.07.2016): 1338–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-07-2014-0354.

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Purpose This study aims to investigate the effects of a prospective traveler’s perception of media exposure on their intention to visit a destination (i.e. South Korea). Cultural exposure to a particular country through media affects people’s preference for that foreign country, and may ultimately be a function of the behavior for consuming that country’s cultural products – e.g. traveling to that country. Media exposure has been recognized as a major underlying reason for the desire to visit a destination. Design/methodology/approach This study examines the impacts of potential travelers’ media exposure in three different language-use groups (i.e. English, Japanese and Chinese) and their perception of the media exposure on their intention to visit the actual site (i.e. South Korea). To enhance the understanding of the intention to visit the destination, this study proposes a research model based on use and gratification theory and the belief–desire–intention model. Findings Mass and social media exposure had an effect on the intention to visit a destination as a result of the gratification and desire experienced through the content. Research limitations/implications This study suggests the synthesis of the use and gratification theory and the belief–desire–intention model and an examination of theoretical and practical implications. Originality/value This study involved a sample of users of destination marketing sites. In addition, this study investigated the users’ intentions to visit a real tourism destination taking into consideration mass media (traditional media) and social media (new media) based on the use of gratification theory and the belief–desire–intention model. Practically, the findings highlight the crucial role of social media in the intention to visit the tourism destination.

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Farrell, Rachelyn. "Experience Management with Beliefs, Desires, and Intentions for Virtual Agents". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment 14, nr 1 (25.09.2018): 290–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aiide.v14i1.13006.

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Intelligent interactive narrative systems often use an experience manager to govern the behavior of non-player charactersin a way that guides the story towards its author’s agenda, which may be for entertainment, education, training, or other purposes. For such systems, a central challenge is creating believable virtual characters. The Belief Desire Intention framework is often cited as a goal for researchers in this field; for characters to seem realistic, a human audience should attribute beliefs, desires, and intentions to them. Much of my prior work has focused on belief; my goal for the future is to finish the work on belief, and to implement a new model of desire and intention that explicitly reasons about characters’ commitment to certain plans of action.

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Ortiz-Hernández, Gustavo, Alejandro Guerra-Hernández, Jomi F. Hübner i Wulfrano Arturo Luna-Ramírez. "Modularization in Belief-Desire-Intention agent programming and artifact-based environments". PeerJ Computer Science 8 (1.12.2022): e1162. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.1162.

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This article proposes an extension for the Agents and Artifacts meta-model to enable modularization. We adopt the Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) model of agency to represent independent and reusable units of code by means of modules. The key idea behind our proposal is to take advantage of the syntactic notion of namespace, i.e., a unique symbol identifier to organize a set of programming elements. On this basis, agents can decide in BDI terms which beliefs, goals, events, percepts and actions will be independently handled by a particular module. The practical feasibility of this approach is demonstrated by developing an auction scenario, where source code enhances scores of coupling, cohesion and complexity metrics, when compared against a non-modular version of the scenario. Our solution allows to address the name-collision issue, provides a use interface for modules that follows the information hiding principle, and promotes software engineering principles related to modularization such as reusability, extensibility and maintainability. Differently from others, our solution allows to encapsulate environment components into modules as it remains independent from a particular BDI agent-oriented programming language.

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Kashima, Yoshihisa, Allison McKintyre i Paul Clifford. "The Category of the Mind: Folk Psychology of Belief, Desire, and Intention". Asian Journal Of Social Psychology 1, nr 3 (grudzień 1998): 289–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-839x.00019.

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Wu, Peng, Si Shen, Daqing He i Jia Tina Du. "A belief–desire–intention model for blog users’ negative emotional norm compliance". Electronic Library 35, nr 4 (7.08.2017): 798–821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-09-2016-0187.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand blog users’ negative emotional norm compliance decision-making in crises (blog users’-NNDC). Design/methodology/approach A belief–desire–intention (BDI) model to evaluate the blog users’-NNDC (the BDI-NNDC model) was developed. This model was based on three social characteristics: self-interests, expectations and emotions. An experimental study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of the BDI-NNDC model by using data retrieved from a popular Chinese social network called “Sina Weibo” about three major crises. Findings The BDI-NNDC model strongly predicted the Blog users’-NNDC. The predictions were as follows: a self-interested blog user posted content that was targeting his own interests; a blogger with high expectations wrote and commented emotionally negative blogs on the condition that the numbers of negative posts increased, while he ignored the norm when there was relatively less negative emotional news; and an emotional blog user obeyed the norm based on the emotional intentions of the blogosphere in most of the cases. Research limitations/implications The BDI-NNDC model can explain the diffusion of negative emotions by blog users during crises, and this paper shows a way to bridge the social norm modelling and the research of blog users’ activity and behaviour characteristics in the context of “real life” crises. However, the criterion for differentiating blog users according to social characteristics needs to be further revised, as the generalizability of the results is limited by the number of cases selected in this study. Practical implications The current method could be applied to predict emotional trends of blog users who have different social characteristics and it could support government agencies to build strategic responses to crises. Originality/value This paper supports the creation of normative models and engineering methods to predict blog users’-NNDC and mitigate their effect in real-world crises.

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Haigh, Matthew, i Jean-François Bonnefon. "Eye Movements Reveal How Readers Infer Intentions From the Beliefs and Desires of Others". Experimental Psychology 62, nr 3 (7.05.2015): 206–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000290.

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We examine how the beliefs and desires of a protagonist are used by readers to predict their intentions as a narrative vignette unfolds. Eye movement measures revealed that readers rapidly inferred an intention when the protagonist desired an outcome, even when this inference was not licensed by the protagonist’s belief state. Reading was immediately disrupted when participants encountered a described action that contradicted this inference. During intermediate processing, desire inferences were moderated by the protagonist’s belief state. Effects that emerged later in the text were again driven solely by the protagonist’s desires. These data suggest that desire-based inferences are initially drawn irrespective of belief state, but are then quickly inhibited if not licensed by relevant beliefs. This inhibition of desire-based inferences may be an effortful process as it was not systematically sustained in later steps of processing.

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SEOW, K., i K. SIM. "Collaborative assignment using belief-desire-intention agent modeling and negotiation with speedup strategies". Information Sciences 178, nr 4 (15.02.2008): 1110–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2007.09.024.

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Pesente, Jonas, Gustavo Herbig, Miguel Moreto i Rodrigo A. Ramos. "A Belief–Desire–Intention Multi-agent Architecture for Efficient Power Plant Disturbance Analysis". Journal of Control, Automation and Electrical Systems 29, nr 3 (29.03.2018): 381–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40313-018-0381-z.

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JENNINGS, NICK R. "SPECIFICATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A BELIEF-DESIRE-JOINT-INTENTION ARCHITECTURE FOR COLLABORATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING". International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 02, nr 03 (wrzesień 1993): 289–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218215793000137.

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Systems composed of multiple interacting problem solvers are becoming increasingly pervasive and have been championed in some quarters as the basis of the next generation of intelligent information systems. If this technology is to fulfill its true potential then it is important that the systems which are developed have a sound theoretical grounding. One aspect of this foundation, namely the model of collaborative problem solving, is examined in this paper. A synergistic review of existing models of cooperation is presented, their weaknesses are highlighted and a new model (called joint responsibility) is introduced. Joint responsibility is then used to specify a novel high-level agent architecture for cooperative problem solving in which the mentalistic notions of belief, desire, intention and joint intention play a central role in guiding an individual’s and the group’s problem solving behaviour. An implementation of this high-level architecture is then discussed and its utility is illustrated for the real-world domain of electricity transportation management.

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Behzadi, Saeed, i Ali A. Alesheikh. "Introducing a novel model of belief–desire–intention agent for urban land use planning". Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 26, nr 9 (październik 2013): 2028–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2013.06.015.

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Fendt, Matthew, i R. Michael Young. "The Case for Intention Revision in Stories and its Incorporation into IRIS, a Story-Based Planning System". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment 7, nr 2 (9.10.2011): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aiide.v7i2.12461.

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Character intention revision is an essential component of stories, but it has yet to be incorporated into story generation systems. However, intentionality, one component of intention revision, has been explored in both narrative generation and logical formalisms. The IRIS system adopts the belief/desire/intention framework of intentionality from logical formalisms and combines it with preexisting concepts of intentionality in narrative. IRIS also introduces the crucial concept of intention revision for characters in the story. The intent of this synthesis is to create stories with dynamic and believable characters that update their beliefs, replan, and revise their intentions over the course of the story.

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KUMAR, DEEPAK, i S. C. SHAPIRO. "THE OK BDI ARCHITECTURE". International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 03, nr 03 (wrzesień 1994): 349–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213094000182.

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The design of a belief-desire-intention (BDI) architecture is presented. The architecture is defined using a unified object-based knowledge representation formalism, called the OK formalism, and a unified reasoning and acting module, called the OK rational engine. Together they form the OK BDI architecture for modeling rational agents endowed with beliefs, desires, and intentions.

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Naito, Mika, i Kayo Koyama. "The development of false-belief understanding in Japanese children: Delay and difference?" International Journal of Behavioral Development 30, nr 4 (lipiec 2006): 290–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025406063622.

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Three experiments investigated the development of Japanese children’s false-belief understanding. In Experiment 1, children’s mastery of two standard false-belief tasks was considerably later and slower than typically reported, with the full development between 6 and 7 years. Experiments 2 and 3 tested Japanese 6-to 8-year-olds on interpersonal transfer tasks where a relocated item was a person who changed locations with and without their own intention. Children’s judgments on the main character’s belief about this person’s whereabouts were not influenced by the protagonists’ different mental states included in the tasks; children’s justifications referred not to the people’s belief or desire but primarily to their behaviors and social rules. Results suggest that Japanese children show not only a delay in false-belief understanding but a cultural difference in reasoning about human action as attributing it to behavioral and situational cues, rather than to individuals’ mental states.

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Schwake, Kim, i Jens Wulfsberg. "Concept for an Adapted BDI Architecture for Agent-Based Simulation of the Socio-Technical System in Manufacturing". Advanced Materials Research 1140 (sierpień 2016): 419–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1140.419.

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The predicted results of production simulations often differ considerably from those of the practice. Among other things, reasons for that can be found in the inadequate consideration of the socio-technical system of the real manufacturing. The paper addresses this problem and shows how even complex manufacturing principles such as semi-autonomous groups can be simulated with the help of agent systems using an adapted Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) architecture concept.

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Moga, Horatiu, Mircea Boscoianu, Delia Ungureanu, Florin Sandu i Răzvan Boboc. "Network of Unmanned Systems Cyber Attacks over National Economy Infrastructures". Applied Mechanics and Materials 859 (grudzień 2016): 144–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.859.144.

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This paper aims to analyze the resource management of a Network of Unmanned Systems (NUMS - sensor network system), using a BDI (belief–desire–intention) agent algorithm in junction with Power Transitions Theory and Endogenous Economic Growth - AK model. The research covers sections of only advanced national economies, with a high-technology physical capital, depending on the cyber-economic planning, and focuses on future possible wars between the great world powers.

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C., Ujjwal K., i Jacques Chodorowski. "A Case Study of Adding Proactivity in Indoor Social Robots Using Belief–Desire–Intention (BDI) Model". Biomimetics 4, nr 4 (20.11.2019): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics4040074.

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The rise of robots and robotics has proved to be a benefaction to humankind in different aspects. Robotics evolved from a simple button, has seen massive development over the years. Consequently, it has become an integral part of human life as robots are used for a wide range of applications ranging from indoor uses to interplanetary missions. Recently, the use of social robots, in commercial indoor spaces to offer help or social interaction with people, has been quite popular. As such, taking the increasing use of social robots into consideration, many works have been carried out to develop the robots to make them capable of acting like humans. The notion behind this development is the need for robots to offer services without being asked. Social robots should think more like humans and suggest possible and suitable actions by analyzing the environment where they are. Belief–desire–intention (BDI) is one of the most popular models for developing rational agents based on how humans act based on the information derived from an environment. As such, this work defines a foundation architecture to integrate a BDI framework into a social robot to add “act like a human” feature for proactive behaviors. The work validates the proposed architecture by developing a vision-based proactive action using the PROFETA BDI framework in an indoor social robot, Waldo, operated by the robot operating system (ROS).

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Morveli Espinoza, Mariela, Ayslan Possebom, Josep Puyol-Gruart i César Augusto Tacla. "Argumentation-based Intention Formation Process". DYNA 86, nr 208 (1.01.2019): 82–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v86n208.66597.

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In this work, we present an argumentation-based formalization for supporting the process of formation of intentions in practical agents. This is based on the belief-based goal processing model proposed by Castelfranchi and Paglieri, which is a more expressive and refined model than the BDI (Beliefs-Desires-Intentions) model. We focus on the progress of goals since they are desires until they become intentions, including the conditions under which a goal can be cancelled. We use argumentation to support the transition of the goals from their initial state until the last one. Our proposal complies with both supporting relation properties defined by Castelfranchi and Paglieri, diachrony and synchrony. The former means that the support happens since the goal is a desire until it becomes an intention, and the latter that the support can be tracked, i.e. there is a memory of the cognitive path from the beginning of the process until the end. In this work, we present an argumentation-based formalization for supporting the process of formation of intentions in practical agents. This is based on the belief-based goal processing model proposed by Castelfranchi and Paglieri, which is a more expressive and refined model than the BDI (Beliefs-Desires-Intentions) model. We focus on the progress of goals since they are desires until they become intentions, including the conditions under which a goal can be cancelled. We use argumentation to support the transition of the goals from their initial state until the last one. Our proposal complies with both supporting relation properties defined by Castelfranchi and Paglieri, diachrony and synchrony. The former means that the support happens since the goal is a desire until it becomes an intention, and the latter that the support can be tracked, i.e. there is a memory of the cognitive path from the beginning of the process until the end.

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LORINI, EMILIANO, i CRISTIANO CASTELFRANCHI. "THE UNEXPECTED ASPECTS OF SURPRISE". International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 20, nr 06 (wrzesień 2006): 817–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001406004983.

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Some symbolic AI models, for example, BDI (belief, desire, intention) models are conceived as explicit and operational models of the intentional pursuit and belief dynamics. The main concern of these models is to provide a clear understanding of the functional roles of different kinds of epistemic and motivational states (beliefs, acceptances, expectations, intentions, goals, desires, etc. …), of the relational properties among them. Mental configurations of appraisal (involving different kinds of motivational and epistemic states) which correspond to particular cognitive emotions such as disappointment, fear, relief, shame, etc. … have been analyzed by several authors close to the BDI theoretical tradition. The main objective of this work is a formal analysis of Surprise in a BDI-like cognitive architecture. A clarification of the functional role of Surprise in a BDI-like cognitive architecture with respect to resource bounded belief revision is given.

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Yildirim, Suleyman, Muge Sayit i Geylani Kardas. "A belief-desire-intention agent architecture for partner selection in peer-to-peer live video streaming applications". Expert Systems 32, nr 3 (21.08.2014): 327–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/exsy.12086.

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Jo, Chang-Hyun. "A New Way of Discovery of Belief, Desire and Intention in the BDI Agent-Based Software Modeling". Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 8, nr 1 (20.01.2004): 2–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2004.p0002.

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Agent-based programming has been emerged as a next generation programming paradigm. There are many different definitions and usage for agents. In our research, however, an agent is defined as an autonomous, concurrent and intelligent object. Furthermore, our agents are modeled by the belief-desire-intention (BDI) concept. An agent is embodied when it is assigned to its BDI. We call it a BDI agent. A software process defines a set of activities and associated artifacts that lead to the construction of a software system. We have developed a software process based on the BDI agent model that is useful for a systematic development of BDI agent-based software construction. We named our process as the BDI Agent-based Software Process (BDI ASP). This paper presents a new way of modeling technique in our BDI ASP. This work will convince us that the BDI ASP is very sound and practicable in agent software construction. We will provide a few examples as a case study with brief explanations of activities and artifacts in our process.

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Zhuang, Yifan, Hongwei Wang i Xi Chen. "Heterogeneous belief formation method based on BP neural network". MATEC Web of Conferences 232 (2018): 01044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823201044.

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The BDI model has always been the focus of subject modeling research, which includes three kinds of thinking states of the rational subject: Belief, Desire and Intention. Belief is the cognition of agent to the world; it is a collection of environmental information, other agent information, and its own information that the agent has; and it is also the basis of the agent's thinking activity. Due to differences in the individual's living environment and experience, the formation of heterogeneous beliefs is an important issue in the BDI model study. This article divides individual belief set into two parts: knowledge belief and achievable belief. This article proposes an overall framework for the formation of individual heterogeneity beliefs: First, the individual's knowledge experience is modeled, and the empirical knowledge is structured and quantified into binary propositions; then the BP neural network learn and memory propositions of different combinations to form heterogeneous beliefs. Experiments show that this method can simulate the heterogeneity of individual beliefs caused by the individual's own experience, and can realize the belief generation mechanism of gradual information flow, limited attention and heterogeneous priors.

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Peng, Chong, i Qiang Liu. "CNC Remote Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis Based on Multi-Agent Technology". Key Engineering Materials 480-481 (czerwiec 2011): 1033–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.480-481.1033.

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The multi-agent technology and their applicability to CNC remote monitoring and fault diagnosis system (RMFDS) is discussed in this paper. According to the functions of sub-systems of RMFDS, a layered architecture of CNC RMFDS based on multi-agent technology is proposed. Moreover, task planning of multi-agent is presented, and the design of agent is realized by self-deciding mix type extended Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) This architecture is useful for providing an open and integrated solution of network-based manufacturing CNC RMFDS.

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Grant, John, Sarit Kraus i Michael Wooldridge. "Intentions in Equilibrium". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 24, nr 1 (4.07.2010): 786–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v24i1.7632.

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Intentions have been widely studied in AI, both in the context of decision-making within individual agents and in multi-agent systems. Work on intentions in multi-agent systems has focused on joint intention models, which characterise the mental state of agents with a shared goal engaged in teamwork. In the absence of shared goals, however, intentions play another crucial role in multi-agent activity: they provide a basis around which agents can mutually coordinate activities. Models based on shared goals do not attempt to account for or explain this role of intentions. In this paper, we present a formal model of multi-agent systems in which belief-desire-intention agents choose their intentions taking into account the intentions of others. To understand rational mental states in such a setting, we formally define and investigate notions of multi-agent intention equilibrium, which are related to equilibrium concepts in game theory.

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Rezai, Golnaz, Phuah Kit Teng, Mad Nasir Shamsudin, Zainalabidin Mohamed i John L. Stanton. "Effect of perceptual differences on consumer purchase intention of natural functional food". Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies 7, nr 2 (21.08.2017): 153–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jadee-02-2015-0014.

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Purpose The concept of functional foods is not new to the Malaysian people. Functional foods as traditional medicine have made tremendous contributions over the past couple of centuries. The growth in the economy, coupled with a strong desire among the Malaysian consumers to maintain a healthy lifestyle has made functional foods an alternative medicine among the populace. Although the consumption of functional foods is increasing in Malaysia, relatively little is known about the factors which affect consumer purchase intention toward natural functional foods. The purpose of this paper is to determine Malaysian consumer intention to purchase natural functional foods. Design/methodology/approach A survey was conducted in the country where 2,004 household were interviewed using structured questionnaires. The theory of reasoned action (TRA) and health belief model were adopted and modified in this study. Descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the collected data. Findings The results have shown that the data set was normal, valid and reliable. Attitude has a partial mediating effect on perceived barriers, perceived susceptibility and perceived benefits which influence consumer intention to purchase natural functional foods. Nevertheless attitude had no mediation effect on subjective norms for consumers to form their intention to purchase natural functional foods. In other word, subjective norms had a direct influence on consumer intention to purchase natural functional foods. Research limitations/implications The main concern of this paper is about the factors which affect consumer purchase intention toward natural functional foods. However the results from this paper are limited in terms of determining consumer purchasing behavior for natural functional foods. Originality/value The paper expands on the TRA and health belief model to examine the factors which influence Malaysian consumer purchase intention toward natural functional foods.

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Bradmetz, Joël, i Helène Amiotte-Suchet. "The acquisition of a theory of action and the dissociation between action intention and outcome intention in children aged 2-6 years". International Journal of Behavioral Development 25, nr 1 (styczeń 2001): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01650250042000041.

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The aim of an action is linked to a desire, the choice of the action is linked to the subject’s beliefs about the world. Much data on the acquisition of a theory-of-mind by children evidence a lag in the conceptualisation of desires and beliefs. The authors assume that there is also a lag between the awareness and the recall of an outcome intention and of an action intention. Their central idea is the following: When an action fails, the outcome intention is frustrated and the associated action intention is deleted by a new action intention more in agreement with the expected outcome. This hypothesis was confirmed in a ” rst experiment when action intention and outcome intention verbalisations were clearly differentiated. A second experiment showed that the difficulties were not associated with an inadequate analysis of temporal markers. The hypothesis of a conceptual lag between binary and ternary structures, via the activation of more sophisticated computing in the latter case (according to Fodor, 1992), was theoretically attractive, but it was not possible to support it empirically in a third experiment. A fourth experiment compared an action intention item with a false belief item. A ”fth and a sixth experiment, both using a nonverbal design, confirmed the previous data. The six experiments were conducted with 310 children aged from 2;6 to 6;6 years.

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Fang, Xiaobo, Fangxin Zhang, Kun Liao i Minoo Ghoreishi. "EMOTIONAL REGULATION FACTORS OF IMPULSE BUYING AND CONFORMITY PSYCHOLOGY". International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 25, Supplement_1 (1.07.2022): A43—A44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyac032.060.

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Abstract Background The existing research on impulse buying behavior mainly discusses the influence of external stimuli on impulse buying intention, while there is less research on the internal psychological factors of impulse buying behavior. This paper aims to explore the psychological process of consumers' compliance with impulsive purchase after reading online word-of-mouth, as well as the regulatory effect of impulsive purchase intention and purchase constraint. Research Objects and Methods Taking belief, desire and willingness behavior as the research object, this paper discusses the influence of conformity psychological process on impulsive purchase behavior, as well as the regulatory effect on product demand cognition and purchase constraints. We design a structural equation model from four dimensions: compliance, product desire, impulse purchase intention and product demand cognition. Through this model, we verify the causal relationship between dimensions, the impact of impulsive purchase intention on impulsive purchase behavior and the adjustment of purchase constraints. Through an online survey, 616 valid questionnaires were collected from consumers who had at least online word-of-mouth experience in the past six months. Results Consumers' compliance after reading online word-of-mouth had a positive impact on product desire. Consumers' product desire has a positive impact on impulse purchase intention. Impulse purchase intention has a positive impact on impulse purchase behavior. Purchase constraints have a negative regulatory effect on the impact of impulsive purchase intention on impulsive purchase behavior. Product demand cognition has no moderating effect between conformity and product desire. The results showed that impulse purchase was significantly negatively correlated with economic support ability, self-control and emotion perception, emotion evaluation, emotion control and emotion regulation reflex, emotion regulation self-efficacy (P < 0.01), and emotion regulation self-efficacy (P < 0.05); It was positively correlated with self-care ability, emotion regulation ability and all dimensions (P < 0.01); Incentive autonomy and emotion regulation ability were significantly positively correlated with each dimension (P < 0.01); The ability of self-control and emotion regulation were significantly negatively correlated with each dimension (P < 0.01). Conclusion The same online word of mouth has different effects on different consumers. This influence depends on the conformity degree of consumers, which affects consumers' product desire and indirectly increases the possibility of consumers' impulse purchase through the increase of impulse purchase intention. Purchase constraint can inhibit impulse buying behavior. If enterprises can effectively connect online word-of-mouth with the product purchase process, when consumers have product desire due to the integration effect caused by online word-of-mouth, they can directly guide consumers to the purchase step, so that consumers can complete the purchase in a short time. Therefore, effectively linking the herd effect of online word-of-mouth with consumers' browsing word-of-mouth is an effective way for enterprises to stimulate herd consumers' impulse buying behavior. From a sequential perspective, this paper discusses the psychological process of consumers' impulse purchase and the role of regulatory variables under the background of the popularity of mobile Internet, and discusses the internal changes of positive and negative emotions in the process of consumers' impulse purchase. This is an in-depth study of online impulse buying behavior. Acknowledgements The work is supported by Science and Technology Planning Project of Henan Province of China (soft science research), grant number 212400410095.

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Abiodun, Ileladewa Adeoye, i Cheng Wai Khuen. "A Multi Agent Framework (MAFSNUD) for Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) Model's Decision-Making Problem in Dynamic Situations: An Overview". Advanced Science Letters 20, nr 1 (1.01.2014): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2014.5305.

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BEEKE, JOEL R. "Calvin, Beza, and Perkins on Predestination". Unio Cum Christo 3, nr 2 (1.10.2017): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.35285/ucc3.2.2017.art4.

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Abstract: Given the importance of predestination to Reformed theology and the place that Calvin, Beza, and Perkins have in its development and in modern historiography, this article asks what these theologians actually said about predestination. It offers a brief exposition of their teachings on this important topic and seeks to demonstrate their basic complementarity of belief, their shared intention, and their desire to promote godliness by this aspect of sola gratia. It is no surprise that succeeding generations of Reformed orthodoxy such as the divines of the Westminster Assembly and the Dutch further Reformation looked to their writings as stellar examples of a predestinarian theology that is biblical, christological, and practical.

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Zhang, Qing Hua, Da Zhang, Guo Quan Cheng i Zhuan Wang. "Manufacturing Management and Control System Based on Self-Management and Self-Scheduling". Advanced Materials Research 889-890 (luty 2014): 1213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.889-890.1213.

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In this paper, we addressed the problems faced by flexible manufacturing system, which make the manufacturing process complex and difficult to scheduling, by the introduction of a Multi-Agent System (MAS) model. The internal structure of each agent was based on the Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) architecture to represent autonomic and coordinated scheduling mechanism and the ability to acquire information provided by exogenous sources. We built an evaluation system based on products’ preference about time and cost values to explore new assigning weights for the ranking of the candidate designs. In conclusion we provide ways to assemble manufacturing units into MAS while guaranteeing the internal real-time requirements of each agent.

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Lotman, Mihhail. "Towards the Semiotics of (In)sincerity (A Few Preliminary Remarks)1". Recherches sémiotiques 35, nr 1 (20.08.2018): 85–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1050988ar.

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Simply stated, sincerity is an intention to express the truth, while insincerity is an intention to mislead. A sincere person can be wrong and give false information, while an insincere person can make a mistake and speak the truth. Sincerity – and not the truth – is what is detected with a polygraph (a mentally ill person responding to the question “Are you Napoleon?” with a negation may well register as lying on a polygraph test). In this paper I bring different examples (from texts which belong to various spheres of discourse) that illustrate a splitting of consciouscess in an otherwise mentally sane person : fantastic accusations (both self-accusations and accusations of others) are presented in a state of both belief and disbelief. Usual triggers for this phenomenon are fear and anger (which often occur together), but reasons may also be found in erotic desire or else in aesthetic licence, etc.

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Behzadi, Saeed, i Kiana Memarimoghadam. "A Belief-Desire-Intention Agent-based procedure for urban land growth simulation. A case study of Tehran Metropolitan Region, Iran". Forum geografic XVIII, nr 1 (30.06.2019): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5775/fg.2019.034.i.

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Sesay, Regina Baby, i Sheku Seppeh. "Assessment of the Need for Polygamy Among Men in Southern Sierra Leone, A Structural Equation Modeling Approach". International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation 09, nr 09 (2022): 145–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.51244/ijrsi.2022.9913.

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The belief system of most Sierra Leoneans is highly glued to their culture, religion, and tradition. As a result, most Sierra Leoneans regard polygamy as a legal married institution. However, in recent years, civilization and western religions, like Christianity, have not only forbidden the act of polygamy among married men but have also highlighted some of the cons (or disadvantages) of their involvement in the act of polygamy. This has gradually changed the belief system of most Sierra Leoneans and has resulted in a gradual decline in the number of wives adored by most provincial men. As a result of the decline in the number of wives acquired by married men, the acquisition of numerous girlfriends and concubines (also called side chicks) by most provincial men has risen in recent years. The reason for this uncontrollable desire for involvement in the act of polygamy by most provincial men is yet to be investigated. To maintain a peaceful society in relation to the institution of marriage, the need to understand the main drive (or reason) behind polygamy is vital. This research work, therefore, aims at identifying the main factors influencing the need (or desire) for polygamy among provincial men in the southern part of Sierra Leone. To achieve this, a two-stage cluster sampling methodology was adopted to randomly select 600 men from the selected chiefdoms in the Moyamba district. Considering the research objective and the latent nature of the dependent and independent variables involved, a structural equation modeling methodology was used in the analysis to identify the main factors influencing the provincial men’s need or desire to be involved in the act of polygamy. Out of the four structural equation models used in the analysis, model 2 with dependent latent variable,” intention” and independent latent variables: “Attitudes” and “Subjective Norms” (like social recognition, ethnicity and desire for children) was found to be more plausible with outstanding fitness as it passed all the fitness tests including the chi-square test. The result of the empirical analysis using the structural equation models showed that there are positive and significant relationships between the dependent latent variable, “polygamy” and each of the independent latent variables, social norms, and perceived behavioral control. The result also showed that a positive and significant relationship existed between the dependent latent variable “intention” for polygamy and each of the independent latent variables: subjective norms, attitude, and perceived behavioral control.

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CHAINBI, WALID, ABDELMAJID BEN-HAMADOU i MOHAMED JMAIEL. "A BELIEF-GOAL-ROLE THEORY FOR MULTIAGENT SYSTEMS". International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 15, nr 03 (maj 2001): 435–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001401000964.

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Agent-oriented techniques represent a promising approach for engineering complex systems where interaction is probably the most important single characteristic. Accordingly, the recent years have witnessed the emergence of different approaches for the study of intelligent agent-based systems. One such architecture views the system as a rational agent having certain mental attitudes of Belief, Desire and Intention (BDI). This paper explores a particular type of rational agent, a Belief-Goal-Role agent. Unlike most previous work, our approach has been to characterize the mental state of the agents that leads them to take part in cooperative action. Hence, beliefs, goals and roles are relevant to our study of cooperation which have lead to the identification of communication concepts (beliefs and goals) and organization concepts (roles). The model is formalized by expressing it as a theory in a first-order, multi-modal, and linear-time logic. We use labeled transition systems to deal with the truth conditions of the formulae of our theory as well as with the behavioral semantics of our agents. We illustrate our work with the well-known prey/predator game.

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Perháč, Ján, Valerie Novitzká, William Steingartner i Zuzana Bilanová. "Formal Model of IDS Based on BDI Logic". Mathematics 9, nr 18 (17.09.2021): 2290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9182290.

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Computer network security is an important aspect of computer science. Many researchers are trying to increase security using different methods, technologies, or tools. One of the most common practices is the deployment of an Intrusion Detection System (IDS). The current state of IDS brings only passive protection from network intrusions, i.e., IDS can only detect possible intrusions. Due to that, the manual intervention of an administrator is needed. In our paper, we present a logical model of an active IDS based on category theory, coalgebras, linear logic, and Belief–Desire–Intention (BDI) logic. Such an IDS can not only detect intrusions but also autonomously react to them according to a defined security policy. We demonstrate our approach on a motivating example with real network intrusions.

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Khamis, Alaa, i Asser ElGindy. "Minefield Mapping Using Cooperative Multirobot Systems". Journal of Robotics 2012 (2012): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/698046.

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This paper presents a team-theoretic approach to cooperative multirobot systems. The individual actions of the robots are controlled by the Belief-Desire-Intention model to endow the robots with theknow-howneeded to execute these actions deliberately. The cooperative behaviors between the heterogeneous robots are governed by the Team-Log theory to endow all the robots in the team with theknow-how-to-cooperateand determine the team members’ commitments to each other despite their different types, properties, and goals. The proposed approach is tested for validity with the real life problem of minefield mapping. Different minefield sweeping strategies are studied to control the mobility of the mobile sweepers within the minefield in order to maximize the area coverage and improve picture compilation capability of the multirobot system.

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Bañgate, Julius M., Julie Dugdale, Elise Beck i Carole Adam. "Review of Agent Based Modelling of Social Attachment in Crisis Situations". International Journal of Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management 11, nr 1 (styczeń 2019): 35–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijiscram.2019010103.

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Human behaviour during crisis evacuations is social in nature. In particular, social attachment theory posits that proximity of familiar people, places, objects, etc., promotes calm and a feeling of safety, while their absence triggers panic or flight. In closely bonded groups such as families, members seek each other and evacuate as one. This makes attachment bonds necessary in the development of realistic models of mobility during crises. This article presents a review of evacuation behaviour, theories on social attachment, crisis mobility, and agent-based models. It was found that social attachment influences mobility in the different stages of evacuation (pre, during and post). Based on these findings, a multi-agent model of mobility during seismic crises (SOLACE) is being developed, and it is implemented using the belief, desire and intention (BDI) agent architecture.

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Chiu, Christopher, i Zenon Chaczko. "Deployment of an Agent-based SANET Architecture for Healthcare Services". International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications 57, nr 3 (1.09.2011): 309–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10177-011-0041-8.

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Deployment of an Agent-based SANET Architecture for Healthcare ServicesThis paper describes the adaptation of a computational technique utilizing Extended Kohonen Maps (EKMs) and Rao-Blackwell-Kolmogorov (R-B) Filtering mechanisms for the administration of Sensor-Actuator networks (SANETs). Inspired by the BDI (Belief-Desire-Intention) Agent model from Rao and Georgeff, EKMs perform the quantitative analysis of an algorithmic artificial neural network process by using an indirect-mapping EKM to self-organize, while the Rao-Blackwell filtering mechanism reduces the external noise and interference in the problem set introduced through the self-organization process. Initial results demonstrate that a combinatorial approach to optimization with EKMs and Rao-Blackwell filtering provides an improvement in event trajectory approximation in comparison to standalone cooperative EKM processes to allow responsive event detection and optimization in patient healthcare.

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Winikoff, M., i S. Cranefield. "On the Testability of BDI Agent Systems". Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 51 (19.09.2014): 71–131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.4458.

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Before deploying a software system we need to assure ourselves (and stakeholders) that the system will behave correctly. This assurance is usually done by testing the system. However, it is intuitively obvious that adaptive systems, including agent-based systems, can exhibit complex behaviour, and are thus harder to test. In this paper we examine this "obvious intuition" in the case of Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) agents. We analyse the size of the behaviour space of BDI agents and show that although the intuition is correct, the factors that influence the size are not what we expected them to be. Specifically, we found that the introduction of failure handling had a much larger effect on the size of the behaviour space than we expected. We also discuss the implications of these findings on the testability of BDI agents.

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Sidnal, Nandini S., i Sunilkumar S. Manvi. "Intelligent Agent Based Model for Auction Service Discovery in Mobile E-Commerce". International Journal of E-Business Research 8, nr 1 (styczeń 2012): 76–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jebr.2012010105.

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Internet enabled auctions are one of the popular application which basically require a web service discovery mechanism that is efficient in all perspectives. This paper focuses on auction service discovery and building repository of services for the use of E-customers. The auction service directory (repository) is developed based on the customer’s desires. Agent based Belief Desire Intention (BDI) architecture is used in this model, not only to support the service discovery process in spotty or no connectivity network environment but also to automate the process so that it enables the mobile users to complete the discovery process successfully without continuous on-line presence. The simulation results depict that the performance parameters like customer satisfaction, availability of requested services and stability in fetching the services are better in the proposed service discovery model as compared to auction based advertisement facilitated service discovery mechanism.

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Meneguzzi, Felipe, i Lavindra De Silva. "Planning in BDI agents: a survey of the integration of planning algorithms and agent reasoning". Knowledge Engineering Review 30, nr 1 (4.09.2013): 1–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269888913000337.

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AbstractAgent programming languages have often avoided the use of automated (first principles or hierarchical) planners in favour of predefined plan/recipe libraries for computational efficiency reasons. This allows for very efficient agent reasoning cycles, but limits the autonomy and flexibility of the resulting agents, oftentimes with deleterious effects on the agent's performance. Planning agents can, for instance, synthesise a new plan to achieve a goal for which no predefined recipe worked, or plan to make viable the precondition of a recipe belonging to a goal being pursued. Recent work on integrating automated planning with belief-desire-intention (BDI)-style agent architectures has yielded a number of systems and programming languages that exploit the efficiency of standard BDI reasoning, as well as the flexibility of generating new recipes at runtime. In this paper, we survey these efforts and point out directions for future work.

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Nolan, Brian. "Computing the meaning of the assertive speech act by a software agent". Journal of Computer-Assisted Linguistic Research 1, nr 1 (26.06.2017): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/jclr.2017.7786.

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This paper examines the nature of the assertive speech act of Irish. We examine the syntactical constructional form of the assertive to identify its constructional signature. We consider the speech act as a construction whose meaning as an utterance depends on the framing situation and context, along with the common ground of the interlocutors. We identify how the assertive speech act is formalised to make it computer tractable for a software agent to compute its meaning, taking into account the contribution of situation, context and a dynamic common ground. Belief, desire and intention play a role in what is meant as against what is said. The nature of knowledge, and how it informs common ground, is explored along with the relationship between knowledge and language. Computing the meaning of a speech act in the situation requires us to consider the level of the interaction of all these dimensions. We argue that the contribution of lexicon and grammar, with the recognition of belief, desire and intentions in the situation type and associated illocutionary force, sociocultural conventions of the interlocutors along with their respective general and cultural knowledge, their common ground and other sources of contextual information are all important for representing meaning in communication. We show that the influence of the situation, context and common ground feeds into the utterance meaning derivation. The ‘what is said’ is reflected in the event and its semantics, while the ‘what is meant’ is derived at a higher level of abstraction within a situation.

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Battista, Umberto, Pietro De Vito, Davide Ottonello i Deborah Hugon. "Agent-Based Simulation of Heterogeneous Crowd Flows in Critical Infrastructures During Emergencies". International Journal of Cyber Warfare and Terrorism 12, nr 2 (1.04.2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcwt.305861.

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Scope of this work was the development of a model able to simulate the flows and behaviours of heterogeneous crowds in a large transport hub, both in normal conditions and during an emergency, like a terrorist attack. These places are indeed also so-called “soft targets”, public spaces which are preferred targets of terrorists because they provide them with the opportunity to maximize casualties and publicity. Different modelling approaches were investigated and finally agent-based modelling and the BDI (belief-desire-intention) architecture were selected. Several scenarios were also identified to simulate the crowd behaviour. Flowcharts were developed to model users’ actions and interactions; while statecharts to model emergency conditions and behavioural changes. Simulations were then used to identify weak points in the infrastructure and to analyse the evacuation times for each user category investigated. Finally, various solutions were proposed and simulated, to improve crowd flows and reduce evacuation times.

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Bisht, Sanjay, H. S. Bharati, S. B. Taneja i Punam Bedi. "Command Agent Belief Architecture to Support Commander Decision Making in Military Simulation". Defence Science Journal 68, nr 1 (18.12.2017): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.68.11375.

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In the war, military conflicts have many aspects that are consistent with complexity theory e.g., the higher commander’s decision is directed at animate entity that react under hierarchical and self-organised structure in decentralised command and control for the collectivist dynamism of decomposed elements due to nonlinear complexity of warfare on the battlefield. Agent technology have been found to be suitable for modelling tactical behaviour of entities at multiple level of resolution under hierarchical command and control (C2) structure and provide a powerful abstraction mechanism required for designing simulations of complex and dynamic battlefield situations. Intelligent agents can potentially reduce the overhead on such experiments and studies. Command agents, plan how to carry out the operation and assign tasks to subordinate agents. They receive information from battlefield environment and use such information to build situation awareness and also to respond to unforeseen situations. In the paper, we have proposed a mechanism for modelling tactical behaviour of an intelligent agent by which higher command level entities should be able to synthesize their beliefs derived from the lower level sub ordinates entities. This paper presents a role-based belief, desire and intention mechanism to facilitate in the representation of military hierarchy, modelling of tactical behaviour based on agent current belief, teammate’s belief propagation, and coordination issues. Higher commander can view the battlefield information at different levels of abstraction based on concept of aggregation and disaggregation and take appropriate reactive response to any unforeseen circumstances happening in battlefield.

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Sernani, Paolo, Andrea Claudi i Aldo Franco Dragoni. "Combining Artificial Intelligence and NetMedicine for Ambient Assisted Living". International Journal of E-Health and Medical Communications 6, nr 4 (październik 2015): 62–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijehmc.2015100105.

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World population is shifting towards older ages: according to recent estimates there will be 1.5 billion people over 65 years old in 2050. Local governments, international institutions, care organizations and industry are fostering the research community to find solutions to face the unprecedented challenges raised by population ageing. A combination of Artificial Intelligence and NetMedicine could be ideal to face these challenges: they provide the means to develop an intelligent system and simultaneously to distribute it over a network, allowing the communication over the internet, if needed. Hence, the authors present a Multi-Agent Architecture for Ambient Assisted Living (AAL): it is the model for a system to manage a distributed sensor network composed by ambient and biometric sensors. The system should analyse data and pro-actively decide to trigger alarms if anomalies are detected. The authors tested the architecture implementing a prototypical Multi-Agent System (MAS), based on Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) paradigm: the Virtual Carer.

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