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1
Summerhayes, Catherine. "Haunting Secrets: Tracey Moffatt's beDevil". Film Quarterly 58, nr 1 (2004): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.2004.58.1.14.
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Abstract In her vividly textured, complicated, and passionate film, beDevil, Australian Aboriginal artist and filmmaker Tracey Moffatt avoids easy stereotypes of victims and oppressors. She not only inspects some of the repressed stories of indigenous Australians, but also looks at the bewildered, bedeviled ways in which non-indigenous and indigenous Australians live with each other. Moffatt draws on all aspects of her artistic practice in this feature-length film.
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Silver, J. "The details bedevil DCOR". Kidney International 72, nr 9 (listopad 2007): 1041–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ki.5002527.
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Rizvi, Wajiha Raza. "BeDevil: Colonialism and the children of miscegenation". Journal of International Communication 19, nr 1 (kwiecień 2013): 43–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13216597.2012.754363.
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Hall, Andrew M. R., Jonathan C. Chouler, Anna Codina, Peter T. Gierth, John P. Lowe i Ulrich Hintermair. "Practical aspects of real-time reaction monitoring using multi-nuclear high resolution FlowNMR spectroscopy". Catalysis Science & Technology 6, nr 24 (2016): 8406–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cy01754a.
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FlowNMR spectroscopy is an excellent technique for non-invasive real-time reaction monitoring under relevant conditions that avoids many of the limitations that bedevil other reaction monitoring techniques.
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Kasereka, Lucien Wasingya, i John Kellett. "Back-to-basics: Fever is a syndrome and not just pyrexia". South Sudan Medical Journal 15, nr 1 (7.03.2022): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ssmj.v15i1.8.
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Fever is a common presenting complaint in sub-Saharan Africa. Although it has many causes, the symptoms of fever, with or without an elevated body temperature, should always make the clinician suspect infection. The other presentations associated with fever often help identify its likely cause. However, the features of fever that make it life-threatening continue to bedevil physicians.
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Collins, Felicity. "Disturbing the Peace: The Ghost in beDevil and The Darkside". Critical Arts 31, nr 5 (3.09.2017): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02560046.2017.1348686.
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Tooby, John, i Leda Cosmides. "Evolutionary psychology, ecological rationality, and the unification of the behavioral sciences". Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30, nr 1 (luty 2007): 42–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x07000854.
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For two decades, the integrated causal model of evolutionary psychology (EP) has constituted an interdisciplinary nucleus around which a single unified theoretical and empirical behavioral science has been crystallizing – while progressively resolving problems (such as defective logical and statistical reasoning) that bedevil Gintis's beliefs, preferences, and constraints (BPC) framework. Although both frameworks are similar, EP is empirically better supported, theoretically richer, and offers deeper unification.
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Mimura, Glen Masato. "Black Memories: Allegorizing the Colonial Encounter in Tracey Moffatt's beDevil (1993)". Quarterly Review of Film and Video 20, nr 2 (styczeń 2003): 111–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10509200308189.
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Blackwell, M. J. "Meetings for the relatives of refugees from Vietnam suffering from schizophrenia". Psychiatric Bulletin 14, nr 9 (wrzesień 1990): 533–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.14.9.533.
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The problems of diagnosis in transcultural psychiatry and the ideological and anthropological questions raised have received much attention in the psychiatric literature over the last 15 years. Even when the diagnosis is not in dispute, specific problems are encountered in the delivery of psychiatric care to patients from ethnic minorities (Littlewood & Lipsedge, 1989; Rack, 1982). Different explanatory models of illness and treatment, linguistic and cultural misunderstandings and numerous, apparently minor, practical difficulties bedevil treatment. Contributions to the psychiatric literature of practical use in management and service designs have been sparse.
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Holden, Thomas. "Hobbes on the function of evaluative speech". Canadian Journal of Philosophy 46, nr 1 (luty 2016): 123–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.2016.1147888.
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AbstractHobbes’s interpreters have struggled to find a plausible semantics for evaluative language in his writings. I argue that this search is misguided. Hobbes offers neither an account of the reference of evaluative terms nor a theory of the truth-conditions for evaluative statements. Rather, he sees evaluative language simply as having the non-representational function of prescribing actions and practical attitudes, its superficially representational appearance notwithstanding. I marshal the evidence for this prescriptivist reading of Hobbes on evaluative language and show how it sidesteps various textual and philosophical problems that bedevil the traditional interpretations.
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Szász, Zoltán. "Inter-Ethnic Relations in the Hungarian Half of the Austro-Hungarian Empire". Nationalities Papers 24, nr 3 (wrzesień 1996): 390–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905999608408455.
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The collapse of the three great multi-national and multi-ethnic empires—the Czarist Russian, the Ottoman Turkish and the Austro-Hungarian—was an immediate consequence of World War I and the ensuing revolutions. Of these three, only the empire of the Habsburgs was really considered to be an integral part of nineteenth-century European developments. Although historians and contemporaries may have questioned its modernity and viability, few would have challenged its credentials as part of Europe. Yet its demise was rooted—as for the other empires—in the unresolved nationality questions which still bedevil the region in our own time.
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Luntz, Jennifer J. "Mental health consultation: Stages in the consultation process". Children Australia 25, nr 1 (2000): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200009573.
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This is the second of two articles that present theoretical issues concerning mental health consultation. The first article looked at the question of what consultation is and how it differs from related processes such as supervision, therapy and staff development (Luntz 1999). This paper uses Kadushin’s six stage framework for social work consultation to look at some common issues which confront consultants in the process of mental health consultation as they establish, maintain and terminate consultative relationships with agencies and workers, giving an account of some of the complex issues which bedevil each of the stages.
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Sulemana, Iddisah. "Do Perceptions About Local Environmental Quality Influence Self-Rated Health? Evidence from Ghana". Environmental Management and Sustainable Development 5, nr 2 (16.11.2016): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v5i2.10156.
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<p>Although climate change and other global environmental problems are of top priority among world leaders (especially for those of developed countries), local environmental problems continue to bedevil people in developing countries like Ghana. In these countries, people continue to battle with poor air quality, poor water quality and poor sewage and sanitation. In this paper, I examine the association between perceived local environmental quality and self-rated health among Ghanaians. Empirical results from ordered probit regressions, based on data from the Wave 5 of the World Values Survey, reveal a negative association between environmental quality measure and self-rated health.</p>
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Barker, Phil. "Phil Barker exposes the psychiatric ‘Catch 22’ that continues to bedevil mental health legislation". Mental Health Practice 8, nr 8 (maj 2005): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/mhp.8.8.46.s27.
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McDonald, Edward. "Getting over the Walls of Discourse: “Character Fetishization” in Chinese Studies". Journal of Asian Studies 68, nr 4 (listopad 2009): 1189–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911809990763.
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Debates on the nature of the Chinese writing system, particularly whether Chinese characters may or may not legitimately be called “ideographs,” continue to bedevil Chinese studies. This paper considers examples of what are referred to as “discourses of character fetishization,” whereby an inordinate status is discursively created for Chinese characters in the interpretation of Chinese language, thought, and culture. The author endeavors to analyze and critique the presuppositions and implications of such discourses, with the aim of defusing the passions that have been aroused by this issue, and showing the way toward a more comprehensive and grounded understanding of the nature of Chinese characters, both as a writing system and in relation to Chinese culture and thought.
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Kelbaugh, Douglas. "“Seven Fallacies in Architectural Culture”". Open House International 31, nr 2 (1.06.2006): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-02-2006-b0002.
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As an architect and educator I worry about the intellectual and pragmatic challenges that currently bedevil architectural practice and pedagogy. There are at least seven design fallacies that in various combinations permeate professional practice and studio culture at most schools of architecture. Some are self-imposed and tractable; others are less easily addressed because they are externally driven by the media, technology, globalization and capital. Some are about form-making; others are about social equity and environmental sustainability. All seven are deeply embedded in our architectural psyches. Changing them will not be easy, but change them we must if we want to recuperate architecture and urbanism, as well as invigorate them as a more positive and progressive force in the world.
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Jordan, Sara R., i Kim Quaile Hill. "Editors' Perceptions of Ethical and Managerial Problems in Political Science Journals". PS: Political Science & Politics 45, nr 04 (27.09.2012): 724–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096512000789.
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AbstractWithin the medical and physical sciences journals evidence suggests that problems of authorship ethics and journal management bedevil the editors of these journals. Although anecdotal evidence suggests that similar problems persist in political science, the extent of these problems within political science is not well established. Here we report the results of a survey of political science journal editors' perceptions of ethical and managerial issues associated with their journals. We find that unlike ethical publication concerns in the clinical and natural sciences fields, these issues are not of significant concern among our sample. Ethical problems are of low concern and editors report high levels of confidence to address these problems. Managerial problems, such as the adequacy of reviewer pools, are of higher concern to our sample.
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Wilson, Todd A. "The Law of Christ and the Law of Moses: Reflections on a Recent Trend in Interpretation". Currents in Biblical Research 5, nr 1 (październik 2006): 123–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476993x06068701.
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The expression “law of Christ” (Gal. 6.2) continues to bedevil interpreters of Galatians, not least because it seems entirely out of place in a letter otherwise devoted to distancing Christ from the law (cf. 5.4). While the phrase has traditionally been understood to refer to that which replaces the law of Moses, there has been a significant shift of opinion in recent years. Now many interpreters want to read the expression as a direct reference to the law of Moses. This essay traces the emergence of this recent trend, situates it within its broader exegetical and theological milieu and considers some of the main exegetical arguments used to support the reading. The essay then concludes with a few reflections on the implications of this interpretive trend for Pauline exegesis.
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Tende, Friday Buradum, i Adomale Deme. "Cognition, Self-Efficacy, and Problem-Solving Strategies: A Harmonistic Framework for Sustainable Competitive Advantage". Journal of Business Strategy Finance and Management 04, nr 02 (5.01.2023): 229–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/jbsfm.04.02.05.
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Purpose: This review examinesthe ways in which cognition, self-efficacy, and problem-solving strategies can bring about sustainable competitive advantage. Methodology: The systematic literature review was adopted to identify, select, and evaluate relevant literature in a transparent manner. Findings: Exploring cognition, self-efficacy, and problem-solving strategies are critical to addressing potential fundamental issues that bedevil efforts of organisations to gain sustainable competitive advantage.Limitations: Bradley (2015) proposed the dimensions of entrepreneurial resourcefulness as use of cognitions and self-instructions, application of problemsolving strategies, ability to delay immediate gratification, and belief in one’s ability to self-regulate internal events (self-efficacy). However, only cognition, self-efficacy, and problem-solving strategies were adopted, applied and discussed independently. Contributions: Cognition, self-efficacy, and problem-solving strategies enhances the capabilities of organisations to pursue and take advantage of opportunities.
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‘Ali, Nohad. "Political Islam in an Ethnic Jewish State: Historical Evolution, Contemporary Challenges and Future Prospects". Holy Land Studies 3, nr 1 (maj 2004): 69–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/hls.2004.3.1.69.
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This paper argues that, although the shared and universal ideology of the Islamic revival movements was adopted by the Islamic movement in Israel, the movement has been trying to embody it in diverse and distinctive ways. In principle there is a conflict between commitment to the principle of Islamic revivalism on the one hand, and being so committed in the specific context of the ethnic Jewish state, on the other. The Jewish context of the State of Israel continues to bedevil the development of the Islamic movement in Israel. Since the 1930s, Islamic revivalism in Palestine has undergone five phases of development: the Egyptian, Israeli, Palestinian, and the two phases of ‘adaptation’ and ‘post-adaptation’. These phases reflect ideological developments, rather than simply a historical evolution. They are also the outcome of three sets of constraints: structural, ideological and domestic.
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A, Audu, G. "Role of Entrepreneurship Education and Vocational Education in the Management of Education". Journal of Advances in Education and Philosophy 6, nr 7 (13.07.2022): 377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/jaep.2022.v06i07.004.
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This paper reviewed the role of entrepreneurship and vocational education in sustainable development. Graduate unemployment is one of the greatest challenges that bedevil Nigeria, a nation endowed with enormous wealth in terms of human, mineral and natural resources. This paper stresses the importance of entrepreneurship and vocational education curriculum in solving unemployment problems and achieving sustainable development. This papers argues that entrepreneurship and vocational education will provide students who are leaders of tomorrow with skills with which they can be self-reliant because human resource through knowledge based capacity are the cornerstone for effective management and utilization of natural resources. The paper concludes that entrepreneurship and vocational education when engendered leads to employment generation, growth of the economy and promotes sustainable development. The paper recommended that educational institutions at all levels must inculcate and intensify the integration of entrepreneurship and vocational education into its curriculum systems.
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Kurşun, Zekeriya. "Basra Körfezi'nde Bir Arap Aşireti: Acman Urbanı (1820-1913)". Belleten 63, nr 236 (1.04.1999): 123–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37879/belleten.1999.123.
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Osmanlı Devleti Arap Yarımadası'nı hâkimiyetine aldığı 1517 yılından itibaren karşılaştığı en önemli problem, genellikle göçebe olarak yaşayan bedevi Arap kabile ve aşiretlerini bir düzene sokmak olmuştur. Osmanlı Devleti'nin bölgeyi ele geçirdiği sıralarda zaten meskün ahâli ve şehirlerin eskidenberi devam eden belli bir düzeni vardı. Bundan dolayı devlet bu düzeni, bir takım yenilikler ilave etmek suretiyle hemen hemen aynen muhafaza etmişti. Ancak başlangıçta bedevî hayatının özelliklerine bütünüyle vakıf olamayan Osmanlılar, uzun zaman bedevi Arap kabilelerini düzene sokmakla uğraşmıştır.
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Hewitt, David. "Something less than ready access to the courts: Section 139 & Local Authorities". International Journal of Mental Health and Capacity Law, nr 3 (8.09.2014): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijmhcl.v0i3.325.
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<p align="LEFT">Psychiatric patients who wish to bring legal proceedings against those responsible for their detention or treatment can face an obstacle of which better-favoured litigants are free: because of a provision contained in section 139 of the Mental Health Act 1983 they will often have to obtain the prior leave of the High Court.</p><p align="LEFT">This paper will consider the origins of that provision. It will then focus on two of its key elements - the requirement for leave itself and the exceptions to it - and will analyse their impact upon subsequent caselaw and upon current legal practice.</p><p align="LEFT">In so doing, this paper will describe an anomaly which continues to bedevil intending claimants, and will assess the extent to which it is attributable to the legal and political events of a generation ago, and to a legislative impulse which is even more keenly felt today.</p>
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Faruque, Muhammad U. "Sufism contra Shariah? Shāh Walī Allāh’s Metaphysics of Waḥdat al-Wujūd". Journal of Sufi Studies 5, nr 1 (23.05.2016): 27–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105956-12341282.
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This study analyzes the contested relationship between Sufism and the Shariah and Shāh Walī Allāh’s problematic of waḥdat al-wujūd. Some Sufis describe Sufism or taṣawwuf as the inner reality of the Shariah while others see it as the inward dimension of Islam. Drawing on a variety of classical sources, Walī Allāh stresses that accepting waḥdat al-wujūd does not mean one is being less faithful to the tenets of the Shariah, as it safeguards God’s transcendence vis-à-vis the world. Walī Allāh belabors to clarify various misconceptions that bedevil it. His views on waḥdat al-wujūd are largely in alignment with that of the school of Ibn ʿArabī, although he seems to add new dimensions to it at times. He also asserts that a Sufi sage’s (ḥakīm) understanding of the term differs from that of the uninitiate. In addition, he affirms that waḥdat al-wujūd does not negate the multiplicity of the cosmos, even though wujūd is one.
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Hylton, Richard. "Eugene Palmer and Barbara Walker". Nka Journal of Contemporary African Art 2019, nr 45 (1.11.2019): 100–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/10757163-7916904.
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In Britain, black artists are arguably receiving the most sustained level of attention in a generation, from several historical exhibitions and international conferences to academic-based research initiatives and acquisitions by prestigious national museums. While offering artists a certain level of exposure, such initiatives have tended to privilege institutional agendas rather than the very artistic practices they purport to endorse. The paucity of genuine exhibition opportunities and significant publishing are factors that continue to bedevil a wider selection of black British artists. This article focuses on two specific exhibitions and artists: Eugene Palmer’s Didn’t It Rain (2018) and Barbara Walker’s Sub Urban: New Drawings (2015), both organized at the University for the Creative Arts, Farnham, UK. The author stresses the contrasting relationship to photography that each artist pursued in the making of their respective bodies of work and argues for a more engaged assessment of practice. The works of these artists deserve to be recognized for their fascinating and singular contributions to contemporary art practices.
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Marot, John. "Lenin, Bolshevism, and Social-Democratic Political Theory". Historical Materialism 22, nr 3-4 (2.12.2014): 129–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1569206x-12341370.
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Lars Lih has contributed to our knowledge of Russian Social Democracy lately. However, serious methodological flaws bedevil this advance in knowledge. Lih’s overall approach displays a very static understanding of political ideas in relation to political movements. In the first section, ‘Lenin, the St Petersburg Bolshevik Leadership, and the 1905 Soviet’, I challenge Lih’s position that Lenin never changed his mind about bringing socialist consciousness into the working class ‘from without’. In the second section, ‘Lenin, “Old Bolshevism” and Permanent Revolution: The Soviets in 1917’, I challenge Lih’s revisionist view that Old Bolshevism’s pre-1917 goal of ‘democratic revolution to the end’ drove Lenin’s partisans to make a working-class, socialist revolution in 1917. On this singular account, Lenin’s April Theses, which called for the overthrow of the Provisional Government and the transfer of all power to the soviets, was merely a further expression of Old Bolshevik politics, not a break with it, as has almost universally been held.
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Wabyanga, Robert Kuloba. ""I Am Black and Beautiful": A Black African Reading of Song of Songs 1:5-7 as a Protest Song". Old Testament Essays 34, nr 2 (18.11.2021): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2021/v34n2a16.
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Adamo's article on Ebed-Melech's protest brings fresh insight into my earlier article on Song of Songs 1:5-7, prompting me to reread the text as a protest song (essay) against the racial stigmata that continue to bedevil black people in the world. The current article, using hermeneutics of appropriation, maintains the meaning of שְׁחוֹרָה as a black person, who in the Song of Songs protests against the racism, which transformed her status to that of a socioeconomic other. The study is informed by the contemporary and historical contexts of racial injustices and stigma suffered by Blacks for 'being' while Black. The essay investigates this question: In which ways does Adamo's reading of Jer 38:1-17 influence an African reading of Song 1:5-7 as a protest against racism? The article employs African Biblical Hermeneutics, as part of a creative and literary art in the protests against racism, to read the biblical text as our story-a divine story, which in the language of Adamo, has inherent divine power that can empower oppressed black people.
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Vaughan, G., i D. P. Wareing. "Stratospheric aerosol measurements by dual polarisation lidar". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 4, nr 5 (29.09.2004): 6107–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-4-6107-2004.
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Abstract. We present measurements of stratospheric aerosol made at Aberystwyth, UK (52.4° N, 4.06° W) during periods of background aerosol conditions. The measurements were made with a lidar system based on a 532 nm laser and two polarisation channels in the receiver. When stratospheric aerosol amounts are very small, as at present, this method is, potentially, free of a number of systematic errors that bedevil more commonly-used methods. The method rests on the assumption that the aerosol consists of spherical droplets which do not depolarise the lidar signal, which is valid under most conditions. Maximum lidar ratios in background aerosol of 1.03–1.06 were measured during the period 2001–2004, with integrated backscatter in the range 2–7×10−5sr−1. In January 2003, depolarising aerosol was measured, which invalidated the dual-polarisation measurements. On 10–11 January, the depolarising aerosol was clearly a polar stratospheric cloud (the first lidar observations of such clouds in the British Isles) but the aerosol observed on 7–8 January was too low in altitude and too warm to be a PSC.
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Vaughan, G., i D. P. Wareing. "Stratospheric aerosol measurements by dual polarisation lidar". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 4, nr 11/12 (6.12.2004): 2441–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-4-2441-2004.
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Abstract. We present measurements of stratospheric aerosol made at Aberystwyth, UK (52.4° N, 4.06° W) during periods of background aerosol conditions. The measurements were made with a lidar system based on a 532nm laser and two polarisation channels in the receiver. When stratospheric aerosol amounts are very small, as at present, this method is, potentially, free of a number of systematic errors that bedevil more commonly-used methods. The method rests on the assumption that the aerosol consists of spherical droplets which do not depolarise the lidar signal, which is valid under most conditions. Maximum lidar ratios in background aerosol of 1.03-1.06 were measured during the period 2001-2004, with integrated backscatter in the range 2-7x10-5sr-1. In January 2003, depolarising aerosol was measured, which invalidated the dual-polarisation measurements. On 10-11 January, the depolarising aerosol was clearly a polar stratospheric cloud (the first lidar observations of such clouds in the British Isles) but the aerosol observed on 7-8 January was too low in altitude and too warm to be a PSC.
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Taber, Charles R., i Betty J. Taber. "A Christian Understanding of “Religion” and “the Religions”". Missiology: An International Review 20, nr 1 (styczeń 1992): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009182969202000107.
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The existing literature about religion and the religions is usually either too complex or too heavily biased by nexamined presuppositions to introduce the field to the beginner. This article proposes a model in which, from an explicitly Christian perspective, religions, i.e., organized human efforts to relate to Ultimate Reality, are seen as responses to divine revelation. But they differ, not only in the kind and amount of revelation available to them (Jesus Christ being the final and perfect revelation), but crucially in the quality of the response; this may be yes, no, or yes but. Tentative conclusions are drawn. This is a preliminary report on an ongoing research project aiming to produce an introduction to the study of religion and the religions which will take an unapologetically Christian stance, but which will avoid as much as possible the sweeping a priori generalizations which often bedevil the field. We have developed the paper in three parts: first, the rationale for this particular line of enquiry; second, the approach and method; and third, a preliminary statement of findings.
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Gray, William Glenn. "Paradoxes ofOstpolitik: Revisiting the Moscow and Warsaw Treaties, 1970". Central European History 49, nr 3-4 (grudzień 2016): 409–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000893891600087x.
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AbstractThis article reexamines the diplomacy of Willy Brandt’sOstpolitik, focusing on two landmark achievements in 1970: the Moscow Treaty in August, and the Warsaw Treaty in December. On the basis of declassified US and German documentation, it argues that envoy Egon Bahr’s unconventional approach resulted in a poorly negotiated treaty with the Soviet Union that failed to address vital problems such as the status of Berlin. The outcome deepened political polarization at home and proved disconcerting to many West German allies; it also forced the four World War II victors—Britain, France, the United States, and the Soviet Union—to save Brandt’sOstpolitikby grinding out an agreement on access to Berlin. By contrast, West German negotiations in Warsaw yielded a treaty more in line with West German expectations, though the results proved sorely disappointing to the Polish leadership. Disagreements over restitution payments (repacked as government credits) and the emigration of ethnic Germans would bedevil German-Polish relations for years to come. Bonn’sOstpolitikthus had a harder edge than the famous image of Brandt kneeling in Warsaw would suggest.
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Ngongkum, Eunice. "Urban orature and resistance: The case of Donny Elwood". Tydskrif vir Letterkunde 54, nr 2 (4.09.2017): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2309-9070/tvl.v.54i2.1229.
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From their very origins, contemporary African artistic creations have been works of resistance. Born from the struggle against colonialism, these works continued in this trajectory when independence failed to deliver on the aspiration of the masses. Today's artists follow in the footsteps of their predecessors; resisting all forms of social injustice, economic inequality and political oppression that bedevil the post-independence arena. Using resistance aesthetics as critical tool of analysis, this paper seeks to examine the concept of resistance in the music of Donny Elwood. It aims at showing that urban orature, to which category Elwood's music belongs, is one of those sites in the postcolonial context where the struggle for liberation from all forms of oppression is continuously waged. The paper argues that, with its emphasis on sense and rhythm, and not dance, Elwood's music effectively communicates the artist's protest against socio-political contradictions in the postcolonial space while sensitizing the masses on the need for change. The discursive perspectives in his art reside in the interface between social interactions in the urban milieu and urban orature (witnessed in the blend of musical varieties, instruments and message). These effectively register his social commitment as an urban artist.
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Adonis, Cyril K. "Generational victimhood in post-apartheid South Africa". International Review of Victimology 24, nr 1 (15.10.2017): 47–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269758017732175.
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In post-apartheid South Africa, insufficient consideration is given to how historical injustices affect current generations and how they could affect future generations. This has implications for issues such as intergenerational justice and equity. Framed within historical trauma theory and the life-course perspective, this paper explores notions of victimhood in post-apartheid Africa. It draws on qualitative interviews conducted with 20 children and grandchildren (10 females and 10 males) of victims of apartheid-era gross human rights violations. The interview data, which were interpretively analysed, yielded a number of salient themes. Participants’ sense of victimhood is anchored in their continuing socio-economic marginalisation deriving from the structural legacy of apartheid, as well as the pervasive racism that continues to bedevil South Africa well into the post-apartheid era. This is compounded by the perceived lack of accountability for historical injustices and the responsibilities that they perceive the government to have towards them. Given this, the paper argues for a reconceptualisation of the notion of victimhood and giving greater consideration to the impact that the structural legacy of apartheid has on the contemporary existential realities of Black South Africans.
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Ayers, Oliver. "The 1935 Labour Dispute at theAmsterdam Newsand the Challenges Posed by the Rise of Unionism in Depression-Era Harlem". Journal of American Studies 48, nr 3 (6.02.2014): 797–818. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875814000024.
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The eleven-week dispute at theAmsterdam Newsin Harlem was the first time in US history that black workers were successful in a labour dispute with black management. Some contemporaries argued that the event represented a triumph for the class-inspired activism of the left, an interpretation in line with the historiography of the long civil rights movement. This article argues that the dispute actually demonstrated the challenges inherent in pursuing labour-based protest strategies. Success was achieved by a concentrated group of workers who used their collective power and propitious geographical and social standing to harness the support of a cross-section of leadership groups. This moment of apparent unity concealed enduring divides over interracial activism, not only between nationalist groups and the radical left but also within mainstream groups like the NAACP. Temporary success could be achieved when workers like theAmsterdam Newsstaff managed to bridge these divides. Supporters, however, proved unable to avoid the subsequent dismissal of union instigators by the newspaper's new owners. More broadly, the problems of coordinating activism to target the different groups who controlled black employment continued to bedevil subsequent protests during the transformative era of the New Deal.
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Dele, Ishaka. "Nationalism in the New World: An Assessment of Nigeria’s Nationalist Drive Towards Independence". Global Journal of Political Science and Administration 10, nr 2 (15.02.2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/gjpsa.2013/vol10n2pp115.
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Nationalist movement in Nigeria or the Nigerian nationalism became formally felt after the end of British colonial rule within the country. The purposes of the movement were majorly to achieve both political and economic emancipation for the disparate groups who had come together courtesy of the amalgamation of the northern and southern protectorates in 1914, from the British colonialists. Its origin or early segment dates back to the 19th century wherein resistance struggles have been hooked up against the British penetration and activities in different territories that make up the modern-day Nigeria. This paper, consequently, examines the impacts of this movement on the actualization of Nigerian independence. A number of these affects, as discovered in this paper, have endured to bedevil the political environment of Nigeria in her efforts towards gaining political independence. Nigerians were very united in mobilizing all available resources to dislodge the colonialist that was the national enemy of the country without prejudice. It has been recommended among others that the resurgence of latest nationalist spirit in Nigerians within the face of the neocolonial global exploitations is a necessity and the battle for freedom needs to be won through the modern agents by the 21st century’s nationalists.
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Wohlers, David C., i Tony Waters. "The Gokteik Viaduct: A Tale of Gentlemanly Capitalists, Unseen People, and a Bridge to Nowhere". Social Sciences 11, nr 10 (26.09.2022): 440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci11100440.
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This article explores technical and socio-political factors that impacted construction of the Gokteik Viaduct railway bridge in Shan State, Burma, and the recurring failure of political powers to complete a continuous railway between Rangoon (Yangon) and Yunnan. Under rather contentious circumstances, the British government awarded an American steel company with the contract to construct what would become the world’s longest railway trestle bridge at the time of its completion in 1900. As an engineering marvel of its era, the Gokteik Viaduct is in the same category as the Eiffel Tower in Paris. Until now, however, scarce research has explored the Gokteik Viaduct in terms of historicity and factors that ultimately prevented this structure from fulfilling its intended purpose of transporting trainloads of marketable goods between Burma and Yunnan. This raises an ironic question: How could engineers construct such a remarkable bridge to service a railway that was never finished? Furthermore, why does the Gokteik Viaduct largely remain unexamined in terms of its noteworthy place in the geopolitics of Southeast Asia? In answering such questions, the authors conclude that the “unseen” story of the Gokteik Viaduct is not only about engineering prowess but of a political and social environment that continues to bedevil massive infrastructure projects in Upper Burma today.
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Musa, Sirajo, G. N. Obunadike i Muhammad Muntasir Yakubu. "AN IMPROVED HAUSA WORD STEMMING ALGORITHM". FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 6, nr 1 (5.04.2022): 291–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2022-0601-899.
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The explosion of scientific publications in different domains coupled with the introduction and socialization of the internet experienced in the last few decades has made information more available than ever before. Consequently, digital storage capacity has been consistently doubling to reflect this geometric increase in information. In view of this, Information Retrieval (IR), nowadays considered the dominant form of information access has become even more critical. However, the problem of using free text in indexing and retrieval arising from spelling mistake, alternative in spelling, affixes and abbreviations has continued to bedevil the field of IR. To mitigate this problem, Stemming Algorithm was introduced in the 1960s. Stemming is an automated process of stripping all word derivatives of their inflectional affixes in order to obtain stem of the word. Because stemming is language specific, there are stemming algorithms designed specifically for most of the major languages in the world. With a speaker population of about 150 million Hausa language stands in need of a better stemming algorithm. This research is an attempt to improve upon the existing Hausa word stemming algorithm. Affix stripping method of conflation with reference lookup was used. Using Sirsat’s evaluation method, this research achieved 96.9% as Correctly Stemmed Word Factor (CSWF), Index Compression Factor – 74.76%, Words Stemmed Factor (WSF) – 70.44% and Average Word Conflation Factor – 59.47%.
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ARDELEAN, ADORIAN, KARINA KERVIN, SUMAN KANSAKAR i DAPHNE GAIL FAUTIN. "Syngraph: An application for graphic display and interactive use of synonym lists". Zootaxa 2283, nr 1 (6.11.2009): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2283.1.3.
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Multiple names that refer to a single species (synonyms) and more than one species being referred to by the same name (homonyms) bedevil taxonomy. They produce ambiguity about the entity under discussion. Syngraph is a computer application that organizes information about synonyms and homonyms. It can track different names that potentially have been applied to the same species, or identical names that have been applied to different species. It can create a list of synonyms in conventional format for use in publication, as for a taxonomic monograph. It can also display and print names so they are linked, thereby providing information on the conceptual basis of a name and the action taken in a publication. In the display, each name is imposed on a color-coded rectangle; all names on rectangles of the same color refer to records that stem from a single description. This allows quick visualization of the taxonomic history. When linked to a geographical information system application, the color can be used for points plotted on a map that displays the geographical locality of specimens referred to in each record. This visualization of the geographic distribution of the nominal species can provide tests of the hypothesis that the names are, indeed, synonyms. Syngraph is available for download; help files accompany the executable files.
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GARNER, JASON. "Separated by an ‘Ideological Chasm’: The Spanish National Labour Confederation and Bolshevik Internationalism, 1917–1922". Contemporary European History 15, nr 3 (19.07.2006): 293–326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777306003341.
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This article covers the relationship between the National Labour Confederation of Spain and the Comintern and its union adjunct the Profintern, from the Confederation's initial support for the October Revolution to its subsequent outright rejection of communist politics, with reference to the positions adopted by revolutionary syndicalist movements in other countries. During this period a small number of individuals attempted to tie the Confederation to the Communist International, but failed. The article covers an important period in Spanish labour history, and helps to explain the mistrust that would bedevil the Spanish revolutionary working-class movement until the Civil War. Previous research has presented the battle for control of the CNT as a straightforward battle between anarchists and communists. This was not the case. The pro-communists were a miniscule faction, led by men recently affiliated to the CNT and who had no understanding of the depth of rejection of politics by Confederal militants. They only managed to take control of the national committee by chance. Aware of their weakness they were forced to act in a secretive and often underhand manner. Using material not consulted in previous studies this article shows the extent of their subterfuge and of the opposition this created in the Confederation, as well as demonstrating that the CNT was not the only revolutionary organisation to reject the Bolshevik International.
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Izuegbunam, Chioma. "The social functions of female voice in politics and national development in selected political speeches of Patience Jonathan". UJAH: Unizik Journal of Arts and Humanities 20, nr 3 (30.10.2020): 196–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ujah.v20i3.11.
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Over the years, political and socio-economic participation in African society have been asymmetrical, and full of gender inequality. Women’s participation in politics has been very low in Africa especially Nigeria due to the patriarchal structure of the society. Women and their voices are often made to appear irrelevant in issues that affect their lives and society; they are sometimes regimented to ‘kitchen’ and’ bedroom’ responsibilities alone. However, the influence of women’s voice in conflict resolution, socio-economic status of different homes and the society at large cannot be underpinned. This could be seen in the role of Aba women’s riot of 1929. Their engagement in civil society, politics and social movements help to shape their society, and lobby the government towards the development of their areas. Several efforts and agitation both from women quarters and UN Right of Women to ensure that female voices are heard in politics, and policy making and decision taking of the society have been made, yet not much has been achieved in the political structure of Nigeria. This study investigates the social roles of female voice towards national development in selected political speeches of voices in politics encourage social mobilization and collective action towards political success, and resolving conflicts and crisis that bedevil the national development. Again, Women’s voice in politics helps to create social dynamism in politics and serves as agent of change.
Keywords: Social Functions, Female Voice, Political Speech, National Development
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Hoodbhoy, Pervez. "Pakistan’s Higher Education System—What went Wrong and How to Fix it." Pakistan Development Review 48, nr 4II (1.12.2009): 581–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v48i4iipp.581-594.
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None of Pakistan’s 50+ public universities comes even close to being a university in the real sense of the word. Compared to universities in India and Iran, the quality of both teaching and research is far poorer. Most university “teaching” amounts to a mere dictation of notes which the teacher had copied down when he was a student in the same department, examinations are tests of memory, student indiscipline is rampant, and a large number of teachers commit academic fraud without ever getting punished. In some universities the actual number of teaching days in a year adds up to less than half the officially required number. Some campuses are run by gangs of hoodlums and harbour known criminals, while others have had Rangers with machine guns on continuous patrol for years on end. Common wisdom has always been that increased funding can solve all, or at least most, of the systemic problems that bedevil higher education in Pakistan. But Pakistan offers an instructive counterexample: a many-fold increase in university funding from 2002-2008 resulted in, at best, only marginal improvements in a few parts of the higher education sector. This violation of “commonsense” points to the need for some fresh thinking. The analysis of Pakistan’s higher education system divides naturally into three parts: consideration of the necessary background; understanding the meaning of university quality in the Pakistani context; and exploring the space of solutions.
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Smith, David L. "‘The More Posed and Wise Advice’: The Fourth Earl of Dorset and the English Civil Wars". Historical Journal 34, nr 4 (grudzień 1991): 797–829. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x00017301.
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‘To me he was always the embodiment of Cavalier romance.’ Thus Vita Sackville-West on her seventeenth-century ancestor, Edward Sackville, fourth earl of Dorset. Such labelling indicates the problems which still bedevil any study of Civil War royalism. Brian Wormald'sClarendonbrilliantly revealed that the men who joined Charles I in 1642 represented a broad range of opinion. Above all, he made us aware of a coherent group of moderate (‘constitutional’) royalists who throughout sought accommodation. There was a palpable difference of strategy between these people, who favoured royal concessions in order to prevent further military initiatives, and others who favoured military initiatives in order to prevent further royal concessions. Within these two basic matrices, there were further subtle inflections of attitude between individuals and within the same individual over time. But many such inflections remain murky. Wormald's lead was never followed through. Charles's supporters have consistently received less attention than those who remained with parliament; and among the royalists, moderates have attracted fewer studies than ‘cavaliers’ and ‘swordsmen’. There is thus an urgent need to clarify different varieties of royalism and especially to bring the constitutional royalists into sharper focus. However, before we can assess their wider aims and impact, we must first identify them; and here the inappropriate labels bestowed on so many of Charles's supporters create real problems. Anne Sumner has recently ‘de-mythologized’ John Digby, first earl of Bristol, revealing him as more complex and less intemperate than the ‘hawk’ of legend.
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Robertson, John H., i Rebecca Bradley. "A New Paradigm: The African Early Iron Age without Bantu Migrations". History in Africa 27 (styczeń 2000): 287–323. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3172118.
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Between 1000 BC and AD 1000, or so the story goes, sub-Saharan Africa was the setting for one of the all-time great population movements of antiquity—the Bantu migrations. Sweeping to and fro across the continent in a kind of grand migrationary gavotte, absorbing or brushing aside the autochthonous hunter-gatherers, the ancestral Bantu speakers carried with them on their march the seeds of a settled life fueled by food production and iron technology. Their movements are represented by large arrows scything across big blank maps of the African interior. How good is the evidence that any of it ever happened?In this paper we shall examine some of the serious methodological and practical problems that bedevil the migrationary model. We shall also present an alternative model for the prehistory of sub-Saharan Africa: in brief, that the development of the Early Iron Age in Africa was a process rather than an event; that autochthonous populations gradually adopted the suite of traits that define the Early Iron Age, without any large-scale movement of peoples; and that increasing sedentarization actually led to a population decline which was only overcome after AD 500.The model constitutes a new paradigm that emphasizes continuity and takes into account a few observations that are awkward for the migrationary paradigm: that sub-Saharan Africa has a difficult topography that may put certain constraints on population movements, and that the continent was slowly filling up on its own when events starting in the sixteenth century turned the autochthonous peoples' lives upside down.
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Mwinyihija, Mwinyikione. "A review on the prerequisites of Evidence-Based Curriculum as a driver to skills development of the leather value chain in Africa". Journal of Africa Leather and Leather Producuts Advances 5, nr 1 (12.02.2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15677/jallpa.2019.v5i1.17.
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The review study closely introspects’ on the prerequisites of evidence-based curriculum within the realms of specialized skills development agenda as pursued through higher education Institutions in Africa. Explicitly, the constraining factors that bedevil the leather sector are identifiable when appropriate research designs tools are applied. As such, in the process of identifying the constraints, renascence themes could, therefore, be beneficial in collecting evidence in support of developing curriculum. Such a developed curriculum stands higher chances of acceptability and aptly mitigates against challenges related to specialized skills development. The review succinctly indicates that in the process of identifying the themes, the scope of collecting evidence becomes attainable, thus, improving curricula that entails a participatory and transformative orientation. Indeed, during the review phase of the study, three main perspectives are depicted to be consequential in attaining a comprehensive, evidence-based curriculum, such as; action research, backward curriculum design perspective and theoretical perspective. Therefore, about this perspective, a reflection based on personal experiences and related to new knowledge with what they already know leads to constructivism. The relevancy of a constructivist strategy is observed to facilitate the observatory and evaluative stance during the development of evidence-based curriculum. Moreover, in consolidating and sustaining the benefit of such a developed curriculum, threshold concept was found during the review that it complements the process and strengthens the collecting evidence for curriculum development. Accordingly, therefore, the result of the review study indicate that Africa would position itself for initiating transformational changes in aspects of specialized higher education, fruition towards socio-economic benefits (e.g. employment, wealth creation and technology transfer), reversal of urban-rural or inter/intra continental migration flurry.
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Undiyaundeye, Florence, Lady Josphine Ogar i Inakwu Augustine Agbama. "Culture and Tradition: Their Socio-Economic Implications on the Traditional Marriage Rites among the Obudu People of Cross River State". Scholars Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences 10, nr 9 (2.09.2022): 407–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjahss.2022.v10i09.002.
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The Obudu Community of Northern part of Cross River State is made of ten political wards with about five languages spoken with dialectal differences. The people are very friendly and richly blessed with an enviable traditional marriage system which this paper chooses to x-ray regarding the way culture and tradition influences it. The paper also examines the socio-economic implications on the less privileged since marriage, they say, is the beginning of a legitimate family in all societies of the world and certain rules are established in order to specify unions that can be called marriage and those that cannot for whatever. The society stipulates what right becomes legitimate and therefore desirable and appropriate but in some situations, certain persons may challenge or oppose the existing marriage norms by going into unions or alliances that are contrary to natural rules and law of decency and societal norms of proper enculturation. This is not because of their will but due to the huge cost which culture and tradition imposes on mankind. The society is a complex whole of belief, art, moral, law, customs as well as the total way of life of the people. The practice by the Obudu people degenerates to delay in marriages, unwanted pregnancies, abortion, as a result of the huge economic implications involved. The paper equally examines the political, social and religious practice of the people, traditional marriage and contends that the practice of this nature should be reformed so as to reduce excess cost as well as other social, political and religious vices that bedevil the practice of traditional marriage among the Obudu People.
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Hammack, David C., i Steven Rathgeb Smith. "Foundations in the United States: Dimensions for International Comparison". American Behavioral Scientist 62, nr 12 (13.05.2018): 1603–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764218775159.
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The United States offers a challenging case for the comparative study of philanthropic foundations. Depending on definition, foundation numbers total 80,000 or 130,000. They hold comparatively large assets per capita, though they vary enormously in assets; most are quite small, and compared with government and profit-seeking business, their wealth and their influence are very limited. Public controversies shape and confuse much of the discussion about them: the increasing inequality in the distribution of wealth, the continuing subordination of people of color and women, the impact of money on elections and on public policies and international relations, the prominence of the largest endowed, nonprofit universities and hospitals. Seeking to evaluate the critiques as well as the foundations’ positive contributions, the U.S. researcher encounters all “the combined complexities” that bedevil comparative international studies of foundations. Deriving their corporate charters from the states, they operate under diverse legal environments and vary in self-understanding and operations. American foundations prize their autonomy, though regulation denies them the privacies and choices available to business firms and the superrich. Historically close affiliations with religion brings many funds under constitutional provisions that restrict public access to information. Although the data are incomplete and superficial, high-quality nonprofit websites and archives do provide much federally mandated and other data. Focusing more on change and the protection of values than on relief of basic need, they underwrite highly diverse and competing purposes; many of them promote the leading universities, hospitals, and arts organizations in their home regions. Recent donors, determined to achieve defined outcomes, have increasingly used community foundation or commercial advised funds rather than independent foundations. Finding that their resources are too limited to advance favored policy or social changes, a number of celebrated funds have recently sought to increase their influence through expertise, collaboration with communities and other organizations including businesses, supplementing grants with loans, and other initiatives.
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Salman Yıkmış, Meral. "Adet Kanaması: Dört Kuşağın Bilgi ve Deneyimleri". Kadın/Woman 2000, Journal for Women's Studies 21, nr 2 (11.12.2020): 107–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33831/jws.v21i2.150.
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Makale adet kanamasının farklı kuşak kadınlar tarafından nasıl deneyimlendiği, adet görme bilgisinin ve deneyiminin kadınlar arasında nasıl aktarıldığı/paylaşıldığı sorularını temel alarak dört kuşak aile üyesiyle yapılan derinlemesine mülakatlar etrafında şekilleniyor. Bu çalışma, büyük anneanne, anneanne, anne ve kız çocuğundan müteşekkil dört aile üyesinin deneyimin ifadeleri olarak adet görmeye yükledikleri sembolik anlamlara, bu konudaki bilgilerine, adet kanaması için kullandıkları maddi nesnelere ve adet kanaması esnasındaki pratiklerine odaklanıyor. Bilgi paylaşımının ve deneyim aktarımının genellikle anne-kız çocuğu arasında, iki kuşakla sınırlı olduğu aile üyelerinin adet kanamasını deneyimleri, mevcut erkek egemen kültür nedeniyle ortaklaşırken, dönemsel farklılıklar, kent yaşamı, eğitim seviyesi, modernleşme gibi faktörler nedeniyle birbirinden ayrılıyor. Normal bedenin adet görmeyen beden, daha doğrusu erkek bedeni olduğu kabulüyle inşa edilen adet görme adabı, kadınların adet kanamasını gizlemesini ve suskunlukla örtmesini temel alıyor. Bu kurallar aynı ailenin dört kuşak üyesi arasında kısmen farklılaşsa da paylaşılmaya devam ediyor.
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Njoka, Johannes Njagi, Perminus Githui i Lucy Wanjira Ndegwa. "Analysis of Challenges facing ICT integration in managing Public Secondary Schools: A Comparative Study of Day and Boarding Secondary Schools in the South Rift Region, Kenya". Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal) : Humanities and Social Sciences 3, nr 1 (28.01.2020): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birci.v3i1.721.
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The uptake of information communication technology (ICT) by secondary schools is beset by a complex of challenges that are not clearly understood and documented. In order to facilitate effective and efficient implementation of digitalization in schools in Kenya, there is need to map out the diversity of challenges that bedevil its adoption. The purpose of this study was to analyze the challenges facing integration of information communication technology (ICT) in the operations of public day and boarding secondary schools from the south rift region of Kenya. The objectives of the study were to; assess the challenges facing ICT integration and compare the levels of ICT integration in boys, girls and co-educational secondary schools from the south rift region of Kenya. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design. The target population for the study comprised of all the 141 teachers from the public secondary schools in the south rift region of Kenya enrolled in the Strengthening of Mathematics and Science in Secondary Education (SMASSE) program. The study employed census sampling technique since the target population was small, easily accessible and manageable. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using the descriptive and inferential statistics with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. The study tested the hypothesis that there was no statistically significant difference in challenges facing integration of ICT in boys, girls and co-educational secondary schools from the south rift region of Kenya. To test this hypothesis the One way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistics was computed which yielded p-value = .000 which was less than the alpha value α > 0.05 indicating that the differences in challenges facing ICT integration in boys, girls and co-educational schools were statistically significant. Therefore the null hypothesis was rejected. This led to the conclusion that challenges facing ICT integration from the three categories of schools were significantly different. From the findings of the study, it is recommended that there is need strengthen in service training of teachers in ICT and perform widespread upgrade of ICT software since these were the most serious challenges that faced integration of ICT in schools.
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Tahir, Pervez, i Nadia Saleem. "Education System in Pakistan: Lessons Learned and the Way Forward." Pakistan Development Review 48, nr 4II (1.12.2009): 595–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v48i4iipp.595-602.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
After six decades of its existence, Pakistan finds itself in an educational quagmire. There is not much to show in terms of national, provincial and local indicators of a standard variety. At the international level, the country has earned the notoriety of being regularly lower down on all known indices and league tables on human development, competitiveness and governance. Neglect of education lies at the heart of the problem. This is surprising because the thinking on the nature of the educational system required for the newly emerging country had started quite early. An All Pakistan Educational Conference was held on November 27, 1947 in Karachi. Education thus was the subject of the very first professional conference held in the country, bringing together all the stakeholders. The Father of the Nation set the guidelines in his detailed message: “Under foreign rule for over a century, in the very nature of things, I regret, sufficient attention has not been paid to the education of our people, and if we are to make any real, speedy and substantial progress, we must earnestly tackle this question and bring our educational policy and programme on the lines suited to the genius of our people, consonant with our history and culture and having regard to the modern conditions and vast developments that have taken place all over the world” [Tahir (1980), p.39]. Throughout his political career, Jinnah championed the cause of education. A number of critical issues which continue to bedevil the educational planners of Pakistan to this day, were identified by him long before the freedom struggle for Pakistan came to fruition. These include compulsory elementary education, nonelitist education, technical and vocational education for school leavers, merit-based higher education, equal opportunities for women, and adequate resourcing [Tahir (2002)]. The order of national priorities for him was education, economic development and then defence. The record of performance since independence shows a reversal of these priorities [Tahir (2008)]. Far from the welfare state envisaged by him, Pakistan has become an incorrigible security state. There are thus many lessons that have not been learned. This paper has space to focus only a few.
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Greaves, Damian E. "Health Management/Leadership of Small Island Developing States of the English-speaking Caribbean". Journal of Health Management 18, nr 4 (grudzień 2016): 595–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972063416666345.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Over the last decade, small island states of the English-speaking Caribbean have been embarking on health sector reform initiatives in order to strengthen the quality of the delivery of health services. The wave of health sector reform measures has not placed emphasis on the management/leadership of health care delivery systems which tend to be generally weak. This in turn affects the improved delivery of quality services and superior quality health care. Management and leadership are understood as the capacity to guide the health sector’s institutions and to mobilize stakeholders, organizations and social groups. The general idea is that there are a number of challenges that affect health management of the small island developing states (SIDS) and the efficient organization of these dynamic, complex health systems. These challenges are tied to the unique cultural, organizational and political characteristics of island states. In all of this, the competencies and unique roles required of senior managers/leaders in a SIDS setting are called to question. Objective This article provides an overview of the management/leadership of health systems in SIDS of the English- speaking Caribbean region. It highlights the weaknesses and challenges of management and organization of these systems which in turn impact the desired outcome of promotion of quality delivery of health care. It also examines roles of senior health managers/leaders in the economic, social, political and cultural context of SIDS. The article strongly advocates the need for in-depth study of the challenges that bedevil efficient and effective management of health systems in the region as well as the processes that constrain or facilitate the activities of senior health managers. It also highlights the need for an investigation into competencies that health managers/leaders demonstrate and perceive that they need in effectively managing these health care delivery systems. Method I wrote this article based on literature review, experience as minister for health of the Ministry of Health of Saint Lucia—one of the island states of the English-speaking Caribbean—and in-depth, semistructured interviews with senior health managers/leaders across the region.