Rozprawy doktorskie: „BDI”

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Moura, Adriana Verolla de. "Suporte social, depressão e ansiedade em pacientes com infertilidade". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2010. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/2065.

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O presente trabalho encontra-se dividido em dois artigos. O primeiro artigo, define infertilidade, suas causas e tratamentos atualmente disponíveis e analisa aspectos emocionais do paciente infértil em tratamento. As alterações psicológicas mais associadas nesses pacientes são a ansiedade e depressão e alguns aspectos tem sido identificados como influenciadores no surgimento desses transtornos. São abordados no artigo entre outros, o tempo de tratamento, expectativas dos pacientes em relação às probabilidades de sucesso, diferenças entre sexos na experiência da infertilidade, a existência ou não de uma rede de apoio provendo suporte social e diferenças culturais. Relações entre estes aspectos são realizadas e sugestões feitas para novas pesquisas na área. O segundo artigo apresentado relaciona o tratamento da infertilidade com duas alterações psicológicas, depressão e ansiedade, analisando a importância do suporte social para diminuição da severidade dos sintomas. Através da aplicação de três instrumentos, Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI), Inventário de Ansiedade de Beck (BAI) e Escala de Suporte Social, os níveis de depressão, ansiedade e suporte social foram acessados numa amostra de 148 sujeitos em tratamento para infertilidade. Correlacionando os dados dos três testes aplicados encontramos uma correlação significativa apenas entre os testes da Escala de Beck. Hipóteses para os achados são desenvolvidas no artigo empírico.

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Nair, Vineet, i n/a. "On Extending BDI Logics". Griffith University. School of Information Technology, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20030929.095254.

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In this thesis we extend BDI logics, which are normal multimodal logics with an arbitrary set of normal modal operators, from three different perspectives. Firstly, based on some recent developments in modal logic, we examine BDI logics from a combining logic perspective and apply combination techniques like fibring/dovetailing for explaining them. The second perspective is to extend the underlying logics so as to include action constructs in an explicit way based on some recent action-related theories. The third perspective is to adopt a non-monotonic logic like defeasible logic to reason about intentions in BDI. As such, the research captured in this thesis is theoretical in nature and situated at the crossroads of various disciplines relevant to Artificial Intelligence (AI). More specifically this thesis makes the following contributions: 1. Combining BDI Logics through fibring/dovetailing: BDI systems modeling rational agents have a combined system of logics of belief, time and intention which in turn are basically combinations of well understood modal logics. The idea behind combining logics is to develop general techniques that allow to produce combinations of existing and well understood logics. To this end we adopt Gabbay's fibring/dovetailing technique to provide a general framework for the combinations of BDI logics. We show that the existing BDI framework is a dovetailed system. Further we give conditions on the fibring function to accommodate interaction axioms of the type G [superscript k,l,m,n] ([diamond][superscript k] [superscript l] [phi] [implies] [superscript m] [diamond][superscript n] [phi]) based on Catach's multimodal semantics. This is a major result when compared with other combining techniques like fusion which fails to accommodate axioms of the above type. 2. Extending the BDI framework to accommodate Composite Actions: Taking motivation from a recent work on BDI theory, we incorporate the notion of composite actions, [pi]-1; [pi]-2 (interpreted as [pi]-1 followed by [pi]-2), to the existing BDI framework. To this end we introduce two new constructs Result and Opportunity which helps in reasoning about the actual execution of such actions. We give a set of axioms that can accommodate the new constructs and analyse the set of commitment axioms as given in the original work in the background of the new framework. 3. Intention reasoning as Defeasible reasoning: We argue for a non-monotonic logic of intention in BDI as opposed to the usual normal modal logic one. Our argument is based on Bratman's policy-based intention. We show that policy-based intention has a defeasible/non-monotonic nature and hence the traditional normal modal logic approach to reason about such intentions fails. We give a formalisation of policy-based intention in the background of defeasible logic. The problem of logical omniscience which usually accompanies normal modal logics is avoided to a great extend through such an approach.

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Phung, Toan, i Toan Phung@gmail com. "An Historical Based Adaptation Mechanism For BDI Agents". RMIT University. Computer Science and Information Technology, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080515.124049.

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One of the limitations of the BDI (Belief-Desire-Intention) model is the lack of any explicit mechanisms within the architecture to be able to learn. In particular, BDI agents do not possess the ability to adapt based on past experience. This is important in dynamic environments as they can change, causing previously successful methods for achieving goals to become inefficient or ineffective. We present a model in which learning, analogous reasoning, data pruning and learner accuracy evaluation can be utilised by a BDI agent and verify this model experimentally using Inductive and Statistical learning. Intelligent Agents are a new way of developing software applications. They are an amalgam of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Software Engineering concepts that are highly suited to domains that are inherently complex and dynamic. Agents are software entities that are autonomous, reactive, proactive, situated and social. They are autonomous in that they are able to make decisions on their own volition. They are situated in some environment and are reactive to this environment yet are also capable of proactive behaviour where they actively pursue goals. They are capable of social behaviour where communication can occur between agents. BDI (Belief Desire Intention) agents are one popular type of agent that support complex behaviour in dynamic environments. Agent adaptation can be viewed as the process of changing the way in which an agent achieves its goals. We distinguish between 'reactive' or short-term adaptation, 'long-term' or historical adaptation and 'very long term' or evolutionary adaptation. Short-term adaptation, an ability that current BDI agents already possess, involves reacting to changes in the environment and choosing alternative plans of action which may involve choosing new plans if the current plan fails. 'Long-term' or historical adaptation entails the use of past cases during the reasoning process which enables agents to avoid repeating past mistak es. 'Evolutionary adaptation' could involve the use of genetic programming or similar techniques to mutate plans to lead to altered behaviour. Our work aims to improve BDI agents by introducing a framework that allows BDI agents to alter their behaviour based on past experience, i.e. to learn.

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Cruz, Anderson Paiva. "L?gica BDI fuzzy". Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2008. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/17995.

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
Intendding to understand how the human mind operates, some philosophers and psycologists began to study about rationality. Theories were built from those studies and nowadays that interest have been extended to many other areas such as computing engineering and computing science, but with a minimal distinction at its goal: to understand the mind operational proccess and apply it on agents modelling to become possible the implementation (of softwares or hardwares) with the agent-oriented paradigm where agents are able to deliberate their own plans of actions. In computing science, the sub-area of multiagents systems has progressed using several works concerning artificial intelligence, computational logic, distributed systems, games theory and even philosophy and psycology. This present work hopes to show how it can be get a logical formalisation extention of a rational agents architecture model called BDI (based in a philosophic Bratman s Theory) in which agents are capable to deliberate actions from its beliefs, desires and intentions. The formalisation of this model is called BDI logic and it is a modal logic (in general it is a branching time logic) with three access relations: B, D and I. And here, it will show two possible extentions that tranform BDI logic in a modal-fuzzy logic where the formulae and the access relations can be evaluated by values from the interval [0,1]
Com o intuito de entender como a mente humana funciona iniciaram-se estudos sobre cogni??o nos campos da filosofia e psicologia. Teorias surgiram desses estudos e, atualmente, esta curiosidade foi estendida a outras ?reas, tais como, ci?ncia e engenharia de computa??o, no entanto, nestas ?reas, o objetivo ? sutilmente diferente: entender o funcionamento da mente e aplic?-lo em uma modelagem artificial. Em ci?ncia da computa??o, a sub-?rea de sistemas multiagentes tem progredido bastante, utilizando trabalhos em intelig?ncia artificial, l?gica computacional, sistemas distribu?dos, teoria dos jogos e, aproveitando tamb?m teorias provenientes da pr?pria filosofia e psicologia. Desta forma, alguns pesquisadores j? v?em o paradigma de programa??o orientado a agentes como a melhor solu??o para a implementa??o dos softwares mais complexos: cujos sistemas s?o din?micos, n?o-determin?sticos e que podem ter de operar com dados faltosos sobre ambientes tamb?m din?micos e n?o-determin?sticos. Este trabalho busca a apresenta??o de uma extens?o da formaliza??o l?gica de um modelo de arquitetura de agentes cognitivos, chamado BDI (belief-desire-intention), na qual o agente ? capaz de deliberar suas a??es baseando-se em suas cren?as, desejos e inten??es. A formaliza??o de tal modelo ? conhecida pelo nome de l?gica BDI, uma l?gica modal com tr?s rela??es de modalidade. Neste trabalho, ser?o apresentados dois planos para transform?-la numa l?gica modal fuzzy onde as rela??es de acessibilidade e as f?rmulas (modais-fuzzy) poder?o ter valora??es dentro do intervalo [0,1]. Esta l?gica modal fuzzy h? de ser um sistema l?gico formal capaz de representar quantitativamente os diferentes graus de cren?as, desejos e inten??es objetivando a constru??o de racioc?nios fuzzy e a delibera??o de a??es de um agente (ou grupo de agentes), atrav?s dessas atitudes mentais (seguindo assim um modelo intensional)

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Junior, Márcio Fernando Stabile. "Melhorando o desempenho de agentes BDI Jason através de filtros de percepção". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45134/tde-05022016-160602/.

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Um dos problemas do paradigma BDI quando se integram agentes a ambientes virtuais ou simuladores é a ausência de controle sobre as suas percepções. Não havendo alguma forma de percepção direcionada ao objetivo, o agente pode ser inundado por informações irrelevantes causando um aumento injustificado do tempo de processamento. Com o objetivo de fornecer um maior controle sobre as percepções do agente e reduzir o seu tempo de resposta, este trabalho apresenta um mecanismo de filtragem das percepções para o interpretador Jason que visa eliminar aquelas percepções que podem ser ignoradas. Para tal, foram propostos e implementados alguns tipos de filtros pré-definidos, que foram aplicados a três cenários diferentes. Através de validações estatísticas apropriadas, mostrou-se que a aplicação de filtros de percepção pode reduzir em até 80% o tempo de processamento de um agente, sem afetar significativamente o seu desempenho medido em termos de sua função de utilidade.
When agents are supposed to be integrated to virtual environments virtual or simulators, one of the BDI paradigms major concerns is the lack of control over the agents perceptions. Without having any form of goal directed perceptions, the agent may be flooded by irrelevant information thus causing an unjustified increase in processing time. In order to provide greater control on the agents perceptions and to reduce its time response, this work presents a filtering perception mechanism for the Jason interpreter, aimed at eliminating those perceptions that can be ignored. To this end, some types of pre-defined filters have been proposed, implemented, and applied to three different scenarios. Through appropriate statistical validation methods, it was shown that applying perception filters can reduce up to 80 % of an agents processing time, without significantly affecting its performance measured in terms of its utility function.

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Birštunas, Adomas. "Sekvenciniai skaičiavimai BDI logikoms su efektyvia ciklų paieška". Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100302_095338-77193.

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Darbe nagrinėjami sekvenciniai skaičiavimai BDI logikoms. BDI logikos yra plačiai naudojamos agentinių sistemų aprašymui ir realizavimui. Agentai yra autonomiškos sistemos, kurios veikia kažkurioje aplinkoje ir siekia įvykdyti iš anksto apibrėžtus tikslus. Sprendimų priėmimo realizavimas yra svarbiausia ir sudėtingiausia dalis realizuojant agentines sistemas. Sprendimo priėmimo realizavimui gali būti naudojami logikos skaičiavimai. Šiame darbe ir yra nagrinėjami sekvenciniai skaičiavimai BDI logikoms. BDI logikose, kaip ir kitose modalumo logikose, yra naudojama ciklų paieška išsprendžiamumui gauti. Neefektyvi ciklų paieška užima didesnę išvedimų paieškos resursų dalį. Kai kurioms modalumo logikoms yra žinomi becikliai skaičiavimai ar skaičiavimai naudojantys efektyvią ciklų paiešką. Šiame darbe yra pateikiamas beciklis sekvencinis skaičiavimas KD45 logikai, kuri yra esminis BDI logikų fragmentas. Pateiktas skaičiavimas ne tik eliminuoja ciklų paiešką, bet ir supaprastina patį sekvencijos išvedimą. Skaidaus laiko logikai (kitam BDI logikų fragmentui) yra pateikiamas sekvencinis skaičiavimas naudojantis efektyvią ciklų paiešką. Gauti rezultatai yra pritaikyti sukuriant sekvencinius skaičiavimus vianaagentinei ir daugiaagentinei BDI logikoms. Pristatyti skaičiavimai naudoja tik apribotą ciklų paiešką. Be to, kai kurių tipų ciklus eliminuoja visiškai. Šie rezultatai įgalina kurti efektyvesnes agentines sistemas, paremtas BDI logikomis.
Sequent calculi for BDI logics is a research object of the thesis. BDI logics are widely used for agent system description and implementation. Agents are autonomous systems, those acts in some environment and aspire to achieve preassigned goals. Implementation of the decision making is the main and the most complicated part in agent systems implementation. Logic calculi may be used for the decision making implementation. In this thesis, there are researched sequent calculi for BDI logics. Sequent calculi for BDI logics, like sequent calculi for other modal logics, use loop-check technique to get decidability. Inefficient loop-check takes a major part of the resources used for the derivation. For some modal logics, there are known loop-check free sequent calculi or calculi with an efficient loop-check. In this thesis, there is presented loop-check free sequent calculus for KD45 logic, which is the main fragment of the BDI logics. Introduced calculus not only eliminates loop-check, but also simplifies sequent derivation. For the branching time logic (another BDI logic fragment) there is presented sequent calculus with an efficient loop-check. Obtained results are adapted for creation sequent calculi for monoagent and multiagent BDI logics. Introduced calculi use only restricted loop-check. Moreover, loop-check is totally eliminated for some types of the loops. These results enables to create more efficient agent systems, those are based on the BDI logics.

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Nair, Vineet. "On Extending BDI Logics". Thesis, Griffith University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365892.

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In this thesis we extend BDI logics, which are normal multimodal logics with an arbitrary set of normal modal operators, from three different perspectives. Firstly, based on some recent developments in modal logic, we examine BDI logics from a combining logic perspective and apply combination techniques like fibring/dovetailing for explaining them. The second perspective is to extend the underlying logics so as to include action constructs in an explicit way based on some recent action-related theories. The third perspective is to adopt a non-monotonic logic like defeasible logic to reason about intentions in BDI. As such, the research captured in this thesis is theoretical in nature and situated at the crossroads of various disciplines relevant to Artificial Intelligence (AI). More specifically this thesis makes the following contributions: 1. Combining BDI Logics through fibring/dovetailing: BDI systems modeling rational agents have a combined system of logics of belief, time and intention which in turn are basically combinations of well understood modal logics. The idea behind combining logics is to develop general techniques that allow to produce combinations of existing and well understood logics. To this end we adopt Gabbay's fibring/dovetailing technique to provide a general framework for the combinations of BDI logics. We show that the existing BDI framework is a dovetailed system. Further we give conditions on the fibring function to accommodate interaction axioms of the type G [superscript k,l,m,n] ([diamond][superscript k] [superscript l] [phi] [implies] [superscript m] [diamond][superscript n] [phi]) based on Catach's multimodal semantics. This is a major result when compared with other combining techniques like fusion which fails to accommodate axioms of the above type. 2. Extending the BDI framework to accommodate Composite Actions: Taking motivation from a recent work on BDI theory, we incorporate the notion of composite actions, [pi]-1; [pi]-2 (interpreted as [pi]-1 followed by [pi]-2), to the existing BDI framework. To this end we introduce two new constructs Result and Opportunity which helps in reasoning about the actual execution of such actions. We give a set of axioms that can accommodate the new constructs and analyse the set of commitment axioms as given in the original work in the background of the new framework. 3. Intention reasoning as Defeasible reasoning: We argue for a non-monotonic logic of intention in BDI as opposed to the usual normal modal logic one. Our argument is based on Bratman's policy-based intention. We show that policy-based intention has a defeasible/non-monotonic nature and hence the traditional normal modal logic approach to reason about such intentions fails. We give a formalisation of policy-based intention in the background of defeasible logic. The problem of logical omniscience which usually accompanies normal modal logics is avoided to a great extend through such an approach.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Information Technology
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Fagundes, Moser Silva. "Integrating BDI model and Bayesian networks". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/10422.

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Individualmente, as linhas de pesquisa da Inteligência Artificial têm proposto abordagens para a resolução de inúmeros problemas complexos do mundo real. O paradigma orientado a agentes provê os agentes autônomos, capazes de perceber os seus ambientes, reagir de acordo com diferentes circunstâncias e estabelecer interações sociais com outros agentes de software ou humanos. As redes Bayesianas fornecem uma maneira de representar graficamente as distribuições de probabilidades condicionais e permitem a realização de raciocínios probabilísticos baseados em evidências. As ontologias são especificações explícitas e formais de conceituações, que são usadas em uma variedade de áreas de pesquisa, incluindo os Sistemas Multiagentes. Contudo, existem aplicações cujos requisitos não podem ser atendidos por uma única tecnologia. Circunstâncias como estas exigem a integração de tecnologias desenvolvidas por distintas áreas da Ciência da Computação. Esta dissertação trata a integração do modelo de agentes BDI (Belief-Desire-Intention) e das redes Bayesianas. Além disso, é adotada uma abordagem baseada em ontologias para representar o conhecimento incerto dos agentes. O primeiro passo em direção a integração foi o desenvolvimento de uma ontologia para representar a estrutura das redes Bayesinas. Esta ontologia tem como principal objetivo permitir a interoperabilidade agentes compatíveis com a arquitetura proposta. No entanto, a ontologia também facilita o entendimento necessário para abstrair os estados mentais e processos cognitivos dos agentes através de elementos das redes Bayesianas. Uma vez construída a ontologia, a mesma foi integrada com a arquitetura BDI. Através da integração do modelo BDI com as redes Bayesianas foi obtida uma arquitetura cognitiva de agentes capaz de deliberar sob incerteza. O processo de integração foi composto de duas etapas: abstração dos estados mentais através de elementos das redes Bayesianas e especificação do processo deliberativo. Finalmente, foi desenvolvido um estudo de caso, que consistiu na aplicação da arquitetura proposta no Agente Social, um componente de um portal educacional multiagente (PortEdu).
Individually, Artificial Intelligence research areas have proposed approaches to solve several complex real-world problems. The agent-based paradigm provided autonomous agents, capable of perceiving their environment, reacting in accordance with different situations, and establishing social interactions with other software agents and humans. Bayesian networks provided a way to represent graphically the conditional probability distributions and an evidence-based probabilistic reasoning. Ontologies are an effort to develop formal and explicit specifications of concepts, which have been used by a wide range of research areas, including Multiagent Systems. However, there are applications whose requirements can not be addressed by a single technology. Circumstances like these demand the integration of technologies developed by distinct areas of Computer Science. This work is particularly concerned with the integration of Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) agent architecture and Bayesian networks. Moreover, it is adopted an ontology-based approach to represent the agent’s uncertain knowledge. To bring together those technologies, it was developed an ontology to represent the structure of Bayesian networks knowledge representation. This ontology supports the interoperability among agents that comply with the proposed architecture, and it also facilitates the understanding necessary to abstract the agents’ mental states and cognitive processes through elements of Bayesian networks. Once specified the ontology, it was integrated with the BDI agent architecture. By integrating BDI architecture and Bayesian networks, it was obtained a cognitive agent architecture capable of reasoning under uncertainty. It was performed in two stages: abstraction of mental states through Bayesian networks and specification of the deliberative process. Finally, it was developed a case study, which consists in applying the probabilistic BDI architecture in the Social Agent, a component of a multiagent educational portal (PortEdu).

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Dallatana, Andrea. "BDI agents for Real Time Strategy games". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/4217/.

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While the use of distributed intelligence has been incrementally spreading in the design of a great number of intelligent systems, the field of Artificial Intelligence in Real Time Strategy games has remained mostly a centralized environment. Despite turn-based games have attained AIs of world-class level, the fast paced nature of RTS games has proven to be a significant obstacle to the quality of its AIs. Chapter 1 introduces RTS games describing their characteristics, mechanics and elements. Chapter 2 introduces Multi-Agent Systems and the use of the Beliefs-Desires-Intentions abstraction, analysing the possibilities given by self-computing properties. In Chapter 3 the current state of AI development in RTS games is analyzed highlighting the struggles of the gaming industry to produce valuable. The focus on improving multiplayer experience has impacted gravely on the quality of the AIs thus leaving them with serious flaws that impair their ability to challenge and entertain players. Chapter 4 explores different aspects of AI development for RTS, evaluating the potential strengths and weaknesses of an agent-based approach and analysing which aspects can benefit the most against centralized AIs. Chapter 5 describes a generic agent-based framework for RTS games where every game entity becomes an agent, each of which having its own knowledge and set of goals. Different aspects of the game, like economy, exploration and warfare are also analysed, and some agent-based solutions are outlined. The possible exploitation of self-computing properties to efficiently organize the agents activity is then inspected. Chapter 6 presents the design and implementation of an AI for an existing Open Source game in beta development stage: 0 a.d., an historical RTS game on ancient warfare which features a modern graphical engine and evolved mechanics. The entities in the conceptual framework are implemented in a new agent-based platform seamlessly nested inside the existing game engine, called ABot, widely described in Chapters 7, 8 and 9. Chapter 10 and 11 include the design and realization of a new agent based language useful for defining behavioural modules for the agents in ABot, paving the way for a wider spectrum of contributors. Chapter 12 concludes the work analysing the outcome of tests meant to evaluate strategies, realism and pure performance, finally drawing conclusions and future works in Chapter 13.

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Magalhães, Adsson. "Três estudos usando a Escala centiMax de Borg® (Escala CR de Borg®, CR 100, cM) para o escalonamento de sintomas depressivos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47132/tde-13122017-093536/.

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Pensando nas milhoes de pessoas que sao afetadas mundialmente pelos transtornos depressivos (322 milhoes, sendo mais de 11 milhoes no Brasil e quase 450 mil na Suecia), tentamos criar um instrumento para avaliar depressao de forma mais eficaz. Em geral, os transtornos depressivos sao caracterizados por tristeza, perda de interesse/prazer, sentimentos de culpa ou baixa autoestima, disturbios no sono e apetite, sentimentos de cansaco, e baixa concentracao. Alem dos criterios diagnosticos, diversos instrumentos avaliam quadros depressivos. Utilizamos o Inventario de Depressao de Beck para validar a Escala CR100 de BorgR para o escalonamento de sintomas depressivos. As Escalas de Borg comecaram a ser desenvolvidas na decada de 60 para avaliacao do esforco percebido. A CR100 e uma escala de 0 a 100, com categorias verbais posicionadas de acordo com uma escala numerica gerando dados de razao. Esse tipo de escala tem diversas vantagens, como permitir a comparacao entre e dentre sujeitos e grupos, criacao de perfis de sintomas, analise de sintomas individualmente e a razao de intensidade entre eles. Essa tese consta de tres artigos usando a CR100. O Estudo I investigou as propriedades da CR100 comparada ao BDI. Cinquenta estudantes de Psicologia suecos responderam a um questionario online e os resultados mostraram uma alta correlacao entre as duas escalas (r = 0.754, p < 0.001), demonstrando que a Escala de BorgR avalia depressao tao bem quanto o BDI, entretanto fornece mais resultados. O perfil de sintomas gerado e muito mais detalhado do que o BDI, alem dos dados serem mais precisos e nao serem tao sensiveis as transformacoes matematicas. O Estudo II trata-se da validacao da CR100 para o portugues brasileiro e tal qual o Estudo I, da aplicacao em 50 estudantes brasileiros. Os resultados tambem apontam a alta correlacao entre as escalas (r = 0.824, p<0,001) com todas as caracteristicas se mantendo em ambas as nacionalidades A primeira analise de confiabilidade revelou um alto valor de alfa (entre 0.952 e 0.947) e R2 (entre 0.778 e 0.976), maiores que o BDI. O Estudo III teve como principal objetivo investigar propriedades psicometricas da CR100 em participantes depressivos (N=25) e - 10 - saudaveis (N=25), e encontrar pontos de corte para depressao leve, media e severa. A analise de confiabilidade da Escala revelou um indice alpha de 0.954 e por meio de uma reducao fatorial, os 32 itens foram agrupados em sete componentes. Tambem foi possivel construir um perfil de sintomas entre as duas populacoes corroborando a sensibilidade da CR100 em diferenciar populacao saudavel e com depressao em um intervalo de confianca de 95%. Um indice da razao entre pacientes e sujeitos saudaveis pode ser criado, gerando uma mini escala com oito itens, com um valor alpha de 0.80, e correlacao com a escala completa de r = 0.915 (p <0.001) e com o BDI de r = 0.820 (p<0,001). Os tres estudos revelaram resultados satisfatorios que vao ao encontro do que ja foi corroborado pelas pesquisas com as Escalas de BorgR. Demonstrou-se tambem ser possivel fazer o uso da CR100 para avaliar sintomas depressivos com mais informacoes e cujos dados sao mais precisos do que os instrumentos analisados
Thinking about the millions of people who are affected worldwide by depressive disorders (322 million, more than 11 million in Brazil and almost 450.000 in Sweden), we tried to create an instrument to assess depression more effectively. In general, depressive disorders are characterized by sadness, loss of interest/pleasure, feelings of guilt or low self-esteem, changes in sleep and appetite, tiredness, and low concentration. In addition to the diagnostic criteria, several instruments evaluate depressive disorders. We used the Beck Depression Inventory to validate the Borg CR100 ScaleR for scaling depressive symptoms. The Borg ScalesR were developed in the 60\'s for the evaluation of perceived exertion. The CR100 is a scale from 0 to 100, with verbal categories placed in agreement with the numerical scale so as to obtain ratio data. This type of scale has several advantages, such as allowing comparison between and within subjects and groups, creating symptoms profile, analyzing individual symptoms and the intensity ratio between them. This thesis consists of three papers using the CR100. Study #1 investigated the properties of CR100 compared to BDI. Fifty Swedish students of Psychology answered an online questionnaire and the results pointed a high correlation between the two scales (r = 0.754, p <0.001), demonstrating that the Borg Scale evaluates depression as well as the BDI, providing more results though. The symptom profile generated was much more detailed than the BDI, in addition, the data was more accurate and not that sensitive to mathematical transformations. Study #2 looked after the validation of CR100 for Brazilian Portuguese and, like #1, the application in 50 Brazilian students. The results also pointed to the high correlation between the scales (r = 0.824, p <0.001) with all characteristics preserved in both nationalities. The first reliability analysis revealed a high alpha value (between 0.952 and 0.947) and R2 (between 0.778 and 0.976), higher than the BDI. The aim of Study #3 was to investigate the psychometric properties of CR100 in depressive (N = 25) and healthy participants (N = 25), and to find cutoff points for light, medium and severe depression. The reliability analysis of the Scale revealed an alpha of 0.954 and by running a factorial reduction, - 12 - the 32 items were grouped into seven components. It was also possible to construct a profile of symptoms between the two populations verifying the sensitivity of CR100 to differentiate healthy from depressive population, in a 95% confidence interval. An index of the ratio between patients and healthy subjects could be created, generating a mini scale with eight items with an alpha value of 0.80 and correlation with the full scale of r = 0.915 (p <0.001) and with the BDI of r = 0.820 (p <0.001). The three studies have shown satisfactory results that match with what has already been demonstrated by researches with the Borg ScalesR. It has also been presented the possibility of using the CR100 to assess depressive symptoms with more information and which data are more accurate than the instruments analyzed

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Birštunas, Adomas. "Sequent calculi with an efficient loop-check for BDI logics". Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100302_095327-67575.

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Sequent calculi for BDI logics is a research object of the thesis. BDI logics are widely used for agent system description and implementation. Agents are autonomous systems, those acts in some environment and aspire to achieve preassigned goals. Implementation of the decision making is the main and the most complicated part in agent systems implementation. Logic calculi may be used for the decision making implementation. In this thesis, there are researched sequent calculi for BDI logics. Sequent calculi for BDI logics, like sequent calculi for other modal logics, use loop-check technique to get decidability. Inefficient loop-check takes a major part of the resources used for the derivation. For some modal logics, there are known loop-check free sequent calculi or calculi with an efficient loop-check. In this thesis, there is presented loop-check free sequent calculus for KD45 logic, which is the main fragment of the BDI logics. Introduced calculus not only eliminates loop-check, but also simplifies sequent derivation. For the branching time logic (another BDI logic fragment) there is presented sequent calculus with an efficient loop-check. Obtained results are adapted for creation sequent calculi for monoagent and multiagent BDI logics. Introduced calculi use only restricted loop-check. Moreover, loop-check is totally eliminated for some types of the loops. These results enables to create more efficient agent systems, those are based on the BDI logics.
Darbe nagrinėjami sekvenciniai skaičiavimai BDI logikoms. BDI logikos yra plačiai naudojamos agentinių sistemų aprašymui ir realizavimui. Agentai yra autonomiškos sistemos, kurios veikia kažkurioje aplinkoje ir siekia įvykdyti iš anksto apibrėžtus tikslus. Sprendimų priėmimo realizavimas yra svarbiausia ir sudėtingiausia dalis realizuojant agentines sistemas. Sprendimo priėmimo realizavimui gali būti naudojami logikos skaičiavimai. Šiame darbe ir yra nagrinėjami sekvenciniai skaičiavimai BDI logikoms. BDI logikose, kaip ir kitose modalumo logikose, yra naudojama ciklų paieška išsprendžiamumui gauti. Neefektyvi ciklų paieška užima didesnę išvedimų paieškos resursų dalį. Kai kurioms modalumo logikoms yra žinomi becikliai skaičiavimai ar skaičiavimai naudojantys efektyvią ciklų paiešką. Šiame darbe yra pateikiamas beciklis sekvencinis skaičiavimas KD45 logikai, kuri yra esminis BDI logikų fragmentas. Pateiktas skaičiavimas ne tik eliminuoja ciklų paiešką, bet ir supaprastina patį sekvencijos išvedimą. Skaidaus laiko logikai (kitam BDI logikų fragmentui) yra pateikiamas sekvencinis skaičiavimas naudojantis efektyvią ciklų paiešką. Gauti rezultatai yra pritaikyti sukuriant sekvencinius skaičiavimus vianaagentinei ir daugiaagentinei BDI logikoms. Pristatyti skaičiavimai naudoja tik apribotą ciklų paiešką. Be to, kai kurių tipų ciklus eliminuoja visiškai. Šie rezultatai įgalina kurti efektyvesnes agentines sistemas, paremtas BDI logikomis.

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Merritts, Richard Alan. "Online Deception Detection Using BDI Agents". NSUWorks, 2013. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/244.

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This research has two facets within separate research areas. The research area of Belief, Desire and Intention (BDI) agent capability development was extended. Deception detection research has been advanced with the development of automation using BDI agents. BDI agents performed tasks automatically and autonomously. This study used these characteristics to automate deception detection with limited intervention of human users. This was a useful research area resulting in a capability general enough to have practical application by private individuals, investigators, organizations and others. The need for this research is grounded in the fact that humans are not very effective at detecting deception whether in written or spoken form. This research extends the deception detection capability research in that typical deception detection tools are labor intensive and require extraction of the text in question following ingestion into a deception detection tool. A neural network capability module was incorporated to lend the resulting prototype Machine Learning attributes. The prototype developed as a result of this research was able to classify online data as either "deceptive" or "not deceptive" with 85% accuracy. The false discovery rate for "deceptive" online data entries was 20% while the false discovery rate for "not deceptive" was 10%. The system showed stability during test runs. No computer crashes or other anomalous system behavior were observed during the testing phase. The prototype successfully interacted with an online data communications server database and processed data using Neural Network input vector generation algorithms within seconds

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Xiao, Zhanhao. "Raffinement des intentions". Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU10051/document.

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White, Alan Gordon. "CAMP-BDI : an approach for multiagent systems robustness through capability-aware agents maintaining plans". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31465.

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Rational agent behaviour is frequently achieved through the use of plans, particularly within the widely used BDI (Belief-Desire-Intention) model for intelligent agents. As a consequence, preventing or handling failure of planned activity is a vital component in building robust multiagent systems; this is especially true in realistic environments, where unpredictable exogenous change during plan execution may threaten intended activities. Although reactive approaches can be employed to respond to activity failure through replanning or plan-repair, failure may have debilitative effects that act to stymie recovery and, potentially, hinder subsequent activity. A further factor is that BDI agents typically employ deterministic world and plan models, as probabilistic planning methods are typical intractable in realistically complex environments. However, deterministic operator preconditions may fail to represent world states which increase the risk of activity failure. The primary contribution of this thesis is the algorithmic design of the CAMP-BDI (Capability Aware, Maintaining Plans) approach; a modification of the BDI reasoning cycle which provides agents with beliefs and introspective reasoning to anticipate increased risk of failure and pro-actively modify intended plans in response. We define a capability meta-knowledge model, providing information to identify and address threats to activity success using precondition modelling and quantitative quality estimation. This also facilitates semantic-independent communication of capability information for general advertisement and of dependency information - we define use of the latter, within a structured messaging approach, to extend local agent algorithms towards decentralized, distributed robustness. Finally, we define a policy based approach for dynamic modification of maintenance behaviour, allowing response to observations made during runtime and with potential to improve re-usability of agents in alternate environments. An implementation of CAMP-BDI is compared against an equivalent reactive system through experimentation in multiple perturbation configurations, using a logistics domain. Our empirical evaluation indicates CAMP-BDI has significant benefit if activity failure carries a strong risk of debilitative consequence.

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Berger, David. "Welfare Criteria for Policy Making : The BDI Index". Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-15144.

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GDP and GDP per capita are widely used to gauge for living standards across countries. However, they have originally not been constructed for this purpose and are therefore subject to significant limitations. This paper aims at developing a better and non-monetary development index with which cross-country living standards can be assessed. This index, the BDI, can then be utilized for policy making. When constructing the BDI, this study utilizes time series analysis and panel unit root tests. A major finding of this study is that the BDI does indeed produce statistically significantly different results/ rankings for a special set of countries, compared to GDP and GDP per capita.

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Poli, Nicola. "Game Engines and MAS: BDI & Artifacts in Unity". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15657/.

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In questa tesi vedremo un breve sunto riguardo lo stato dei Sistemi Multi-Agente e andremo ad analizzare le limitazioni che attualmente ne impediscono l'utilizzo ai programmatori di videogiochi. Dopodiché, andremo a proporre un nuovo linguaggio BDI, basato su Prolog e inspirato a Jason, che, grazie all'interprete Prolog sviluppato da I. Horswill, darà la possibilità al programmatore di videogiochi di esprimere comportamenti dichiarativi di alto livello per agenti autonomi all'interno del game engine Unity. Andremo anche a proporre una versione di Artefatto per la modellazione dell'ambiente in una scena Unity e un layer di comunicazione che agenti e artefatti possano utilizzare per interagire tra loro. Infine presenteremo un caso di studio per sottolineare i benefici che questo sistema fornisce.

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Yukselen, Murat. "A Bdi-based Multiagent Simulation Framework". Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610079/index.pdf.

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Modeling and simulation of military operations are becoming popular with the widespread application of artificial intelligence methods. As the decision makers would like to analyze the results of the simulations in greater details, entity-level simulation of physical world and activities of actors (soldiers, tanks, etc) is unavoidable. In this thesis, a multiagent framework for simulating task driven autonomous activities of actors or group of actors is proposed. The framework is based on BDI-architecture where an agent is composed of beliefs, goals and plans. Besides, an agent team is organized hierarchically and decisions at different levels of the hierarchy are governed by virtual command agents with their own beliefs, goals and plans. The framework supports an interpreter that realizes execution of single or multiagent plans coherently. The framework is implemented and a case study demonstrating the capabilities of the framework is carried out.

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Šalbaba, Vojtěch. "Multiagentní simulační model pro letecké formace". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236382.

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This thesis deals with designing a model for simulation and visualisation of air combat tactics. It introduces air combat environment and describes a process for its modeling. Thesis describes basics of air combat, its principles and importance of chosen tactics. Using Jason programming language, artificial agents are created and chosen tactics are implemented. The process of implementing tacitcs is described from analysis to final implementation. Finaly, various types of agents are tested in mock combat against each other.

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REN, QIANGGUO. "A BDI AGENT BASED FRAMEWORK FOR MODELING AND SIMULATION OF CYBER PHYSICAL SYSTEMS". Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2011. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/213130.

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Electrical and Computer Engineering
M.S.E.E.
Cyber-physical systems refer to a new generation of synergy systems with integrated computational and physical processes which interact with one other. The development and simulation of cyber-physical systems (CPSs) are obstructed by the complexity of the subsystems of which they are comprised, fundamental differences in the operation of cyber and physical elements, significant correlative dependencies among the elements, and operation in dynamic and open environments. The Multiple Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) agent system (BDI multi-agent system) is a promising choice for overcoming these challenges, since it offers a natural way to decompose complex systems or large scale problems into decentralized, autonomous, interacting, more or less intelligent entities. In particular, BDI agents have the ability to interact with, and expand the capabilities of, the physical world through computation, communication, and control. A BDI agent has its philosophical grounds on intentionality and practical reasoning, and it is natural to combine a philosophical model of human practical reasoning with the physical operation and any cyber infrastructure. In this thesis, we introduce the BDI Model, discuss implementations of BDI agents from an ideal theoretical perspective as well as from a more practical perspective, and show how they can be used to bridge the cyber infrastructure and the physical operation using the framework. We then strengthen the framework's performance using the state-of-the-art parallel computing architecture and eventually propose a BDI agent based software framework to enable the efficient modeling and simulation of heterogeneous CPS systems in an integrated manner.
Temple University--Theses

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Luz, Bernardo Martins da. "Bayesian BDI agents and approaches to desire selection". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/78473.

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O raciocínio realizado em agentes BDI envolve essencialmente manipular três estruturas de dados representando suas crenças, desejos e intenções. Crenças de agentes BDI tradicionais não representam incerteza, e podem ser expressas como um conjunto fechado de literais ground. As restrições que indicam se um dado desejo é viável e pode ser adotado como uma intenção em agentes BDI tradicionais podem ser representadas como expressões lógicas sobre crenças. Dado que Redes Bayesianas permitem que representem-se informações com incerteza probabilisticamente, agentes BDI bayesianos as empregam para suportar incerteza em suas crenças. Em agentes BDI bayesianos, crenças representadas em Redes Bayesianas referem-se a estados de variáveis de eventos, possuindo probabilidades dinâmicas individuais que referem-se à incerteza. Os processos the constituem o raciocínio neste modelo de agente requerem mudanças a fim de acomodar esta diferença. Dentre estes processos, este trabalho concentra-se especificamente na seleção de desejos. Uma estratégia prévia para seleção de desejos é baseada em aplicar um limiar a probabilidades de crenças. Entretanto, tal abordagem impede que um agente selecione desejos condicionados em crenças cujas probabilidades estejam abaixo de um certo limiar, mesmo que tais desejos pudessem ser atingidos caso fossem selecionados. Para lidar com esta limitação, desenvolvemos três abordagens alternativas para seleção de desejos sob incerteza: Ranking Probabilístico, Loteria Viciada e Seleção Multidesejos Aleatória com Viés. Probability Ranking seleciona um desejo usando uma lista de desejos ordenados em ordem decrescente de probabilidade de pré-condição. Loteria Viciada seleciona um desejo usando um valor numérico aleatório e intervalos numéricos – associados a desejos – proporcionais às probabilidades de suas pré-condições. Seleção Multidesejos Aleatória com Viés seleciona múltiplos desejos usando valores numéricos aleatórios e considerando as probabilidades de suas pré-condições. Apresentamos exemplos, incluindo o agente Vigia, assim como experimentos envolvendo este, para mostrar como essas abordagens permitem que um agente às vezes selecione desejos cujas crenças pré-condições possuem probabilidades muito baixas.
The reasoning performed in BDI agents essentially involves manipulating three data structures representing their beliefs, desires and intentions. Traditional BDI agents’ beliefs do not represent uncertainty, and may be expressed as a closed set of ground literals. The constraints that indicate whether a given desire is viable and passive to be adopted as an intention in traditional BDI agents may be represented as logical expressions over beliefs. Given that Bayesian Networks allow one to represent uncertain information probabilistically, Bayesian BDI agents employ Bayesian Networks to support uncertainty in their beliefs. In Bayesian BDI agents, beliefs represented in Bayesian Networks refer to states of event variables, holding individual dynamic probabilities that account for the uncertainty. The processes that constitute reasoning in this agent model require changes in order to accomodate this difference. Among these processes, this work is specifically concerned with desire selection. A previous strategy for desire selection is based on applying a threshold on belief probabilities. However, such an approach precludes an agent from selecting desires conditioned on beliefs with probabilities below a certain threshold, even if those desires could be achieved if they were selected. To address this limitation, we develop three alternative approaches to desire selection under uncertainty: Probability Ranking, Biased Lottery and Multi-Desire Biased Random Selection. Probability Ranking selects a desire using a list of desires sorted in decreasing order of precondition probability. Biased Lottery selects a desire using one random numeric value and desire-associated numeric intervals proportional to the probabilities of the desires’ preconditions. Multi-Desire Biased Random Selection selects multiple desires using random numeric values and considering the probabilities of their preconditions. We present examples, including theWatchman agent, as well as experiments involving the latter, to show how these approaches allow an agent to sometimes select desires whose belief preconditions have very low probabilities.

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Campos, Diogo de. "Representação de dados semânticos em agentes BDI". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2014. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/129317.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Computação, Florianópolis, 2014
Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-05T20:56:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 332122.pdf: 508583 bytes, checksum: b385a4821591685cb01e9c52fe87ad5e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014
A crescente necessidade de informação e consequente aumento no volume de comunicação tem conduzido a adoção de dados semânticos e resultando numa demanda por ferramentas que manipulam tais dados. Com o avanço de dados semânticos na Web, estamos atingindo um ponto onde ferramentas de software devem se adaptar a este novo formato. Este trabalho propõe um novo modelo para desenvolvimento de agentes inteligentes da IA baseados em um modelo de logica BDI, com o objetivo de permitir comunicação livre de ambiguidade e capaz de reutilizar dados semânticos já existentes na Web. O modelo propõe uma alternativa para a representação de dados semânticos no agente, como estes dados podem ser armazenados e utilizados para comunicação com triplestores da Web Semântica e também com outros agentes (semânticos e não semânticos). Com foco na representação destes dados semânticos, são exploradas maneiras de se integrar informação semântica a um agente, seus processos e estados e porque esta integração pode levar a melhores resultados quando acessando informação na Web. Além disso, e demonstrado o ganho que se pode obter ao reutilizar dados já existentes na Web Semântica, e como isto pode facilitar o desenvolvimento de novas aplicações baseadas em agentes. Finalmente, para avaliar o modelo proposto, e feita uma comparação qualitativa com outros trabalhos na área, levantando as diferenças, motivações e melhorias feitas neste trabalho. Uma implementação deste modelo e apresentada através de um arcabouço criado para demonstrar e validar as intenções deste trabalho. Este arcabouço chamado PySA e descrito expondo os principais pontos defendidos na proposta, testando em situações hipotéticas e exemplos reais a comunicação e aprendizado semanticamente rico que são os objetivos do trabalho.

Abstract: Increasing needs for information and consequent increase in communication volume are leading to a widespread adoption of semantic data and demand for tools that manipulate such data. With the uprising of Semantic Web data, we are reaching a point where software tools must adapt to this new format. This work proposes a new model for developing intelligent agents based on a BDI reasoning model, with the goal of allowing ambiguity free communication and capable of reusing semantic data that already exists in the Web. The model proposes an alternative to representing semantic data in agents, and how this data can be stored and utilized to communicate with Semantic Web stores and also other agents (semantic and non-semantic). Focusing on the representation of this semantic data, this work explores ways to integrate semantic information to an agent, it's processes and states and why this integration can lead to better results when acessing information in the Web. On top of that, this work demonstrates what gain can be obtained from reutilizing data that already exists in the Semantic Web, and how this eases the development of new agent-based applications.Finally, to evaluate the proposed model, a qualitative comparison is made with similar work in the area, comparing the dierences, motivations and improvements made in this project. An implementation of this model is presented through a framework created to demonstrate and validate in practice the intentions of this project. This framework called PySA is described, exposing the main values defended in the proposal, testing in hypothetical situations and real examples the semantically rich communication and learning capabilities that are the main goal of this work.

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Richly, Sebastian. "Autonom rekonfigurierbare Workflows". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-88814.

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Prozesse, seien es Geschäfts- oder Produktionsprozesse, sind ständigen Änderungen unterworfen. Für Unternehmen gilt es, sich im Rahmen von Geschäftsprozessen immer wieder neuen Marktgegebenheiten, Gesetzen oder Kunden anzupassen. Auch Produktionsprozesse müssen bspw. für die Verarbeitung neuer Materialien zugeschnitten werden. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt deshalb, einen umfassenden Ansatz für den Umgang mit Änderungen bzw. Rekonfigurationen von Workflows zu entwickeln. Dieser zeichnet sich durch zwei Schwerpunkte aus: (1) Vollständige Rekonfiguration aller Workflowperspektiven und (2) eine reflexive autonome Steuerung der Rekonfigurationen.

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Koller, Simon. "Multiple Time Series Analysis of Freight Rate Indices". Thesis, KTH, Matematisk statistik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-288500.

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In this master thesis multiple time series of shipping industry and financial data are analysed in order to create a forecasting model to forecast freight rate indices. The data of main interest which are predicted are the two freight rate indices, BDI and BDTI, from the Baltic Exchange. The project investigates the possibilities for aggregated Vector Autoregression(VAR) models to outperform simple univariate models, in this case, an Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average(ARIMA) with seasonal components. The other part of this thesis is to model market shocks in the freight rate indices, given impulses in the other underlying VAR-model time series using the impulse response function. The main results are that the VAR-model forecast outperforms the ARIMA-model in forecasting the tanker freight rate index (BDTI), while the the bulk freight rate index(BDI) is better predicted by the simple ARIMA when calculating the forecast mean square error.
I denna avhandling analyseras multipla tidsserier över rederinärings- och finansiell data i syfte att skapa en prognosticerande modell för att prognosticera fraktratsindex. Dataserierna som i huvudsak prognosticeras är fraktratsindexen BDI och BDTI från Baltic exchange. I projektet undersöks om en aggregerad Vektor Autoregressiv(VAR) modell överträffar en univariat modell, i detta fall en Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average(ARIMA) med säsongsvariabel. I andra delen av denna avhandling modelleras chocker i fraktratsindexen givet impulser i de andra underliggande tidsserierna i de aggregerade VAR-modellerna. Huvudresultaten är att VAR-modellens prognos överträffar ARIMA-modellen för tankerraterna (BDTI), medan bulkraterna(BDI) bättre prognosticeras av ARIMA-modellen, i avseende på prognosernas beräknade mean square error.

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Forti, Maicol. "Logic Reasoning in BDI Agents: Current Trends and Spatial Integrations". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/23426/.

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This thesis finds its place in the context of BDI agents and aims to enable a form of situated spatial reasoning. A survey is proposed in which the possible techniques and technologies that can be integrated into the BDI model to provide a form of spatial reasoning are analyzed. This review highlights a technological gap that we have therefore decided to fill, with the goal of providing a way to locate logical information in certain spatial areas and to be able to constrain reasoning on them. In this thesis we propose Geo2p, a technological prototype based on 2P-Kt that allows you to query situated information in tuProlog, enabling a form of spatial reasoning: given a region of space where certain Clauses are valid, a Theory can be defined, constraining the knowledge on what is true in the selected area.

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Galland, William. "Stratégie végétale d’inhibition biologique de la dénitrification (BDI) : rôle dans l’amélioration de la croissance et de la nutrition des plantes". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1200.

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Pour répondre aux besoins des populations humaines, l'agriculture est de plus en plus intensive, utilisant un très grand nombre d'engrais azotés pour augmenter les rendements. Ces engrais sont utilisés parce que l'azote est l'un des facteurs les plus important et limitant pour la croissance des plantes. L’azote sous forme de nitrate est soumis à des problématiques de pollutions pouvant affecter l’environnement ainsi que la santé humaine. Les défis de l'agriculture de demain sont donc de faire face à une population toujours plus nombreuse, tout en limitant l'impact sur notre environnement. C’est pour cela que la recherche et l’agriculture se questionnent de plus en plus sur l’utilisation d’autres produits comme les biostimulants ou des inhibiteurs, afin de limiter les intrants tout en conservant un taux de productivité viable. Une solution consisterait à agir sur les microorganismes du sol liés au cycle de l’azote afin de limiter les pertes des agrosystèmes en azote via le dégagement de gaz à effet de serre (N2O), de lessivage ou/et de volatilisation. En effet, dans les sols, le nitrate est également utilisé par les bactéries dites dénitrifiantes qui le réduisent en N2O (gaz à effet de serre) et N2, représentant alors une perte d’azote pour les cultures et une augmentation de la pollution atmosphérique. Par conséquent, les plantes sont en compétition directe avec ces bactéries pour l'assimilation du nitrate. Récemment, l’équipe encadrante de cette thèse a mis en évidence une stratégie développée par certaines plantes consistant en la production de métabolites secondaires : les procyanidines, qui inhibent la dénitrification des communautés microbiennes du sol. Les procyanidines ont la capacité d’inhiber, chez les bactéries dénitrifiantes, la première étape de la dénitrification transformant le nitrate en nitrite et ainsi d’empêcher l’utilisation du nitrate, sans toutefois exercer un effet antibactérien. Cette stratégie permet de conserver par conséquent le nitrate dans le sol, celui-ci pouvant alors être utilisé par les plantes pour leur nutrition et leur croissance. L’objectif principal de cette thèse a été d’évaluer l’effet de l’application de procyanidines exogènes à plusieurs concentrations en champs sur un modèle de plante d’intérêt économique, la laitue, ainsi que sur différents types de sols. Ces effets ont également été testés sur un autre modèle d’intérêt économique consommatrice d’azote, le céleri. Au cours de ces expérimentations, des mesures ont été effectuées sur (i) l’activité microbienne de dénitrification, (ii) les traits végétaux en lien avec la croissance et (iii) l’abondance des communautés bactériennes dénitrifiantes. Nos résultats montrent une induction d'un BDI en champs, une conservation du nitrate induisant à son tour une amélioration de la croissance des végétaux et une contre sélection par la plante des dénitrifiants. L’autre point abordé, plutôt fondamental mais qui a moins abouti faute de temps, consistait à mettre en évidence via l’utilisation de mutants d’Arabidopsis thaliana affectés dans la production des procyanidines ou surproduisant les procyanidines, un retour vers la plante de l’azote détourné suite au BDI
To meet the needs of human populations, agriculture is increasingly intensive, using a very large number of nitrogen fertilizers to increase yields. These fertilizers are used because nitrogen is one of the most important and limiting factors for plant growth. Nitrogen in the form of nitrate is subject to pollution problems that can affect the environment and human health. The challenges for tomorrow's agriculture are therefore to face an ever-increasing population, while limiting the impact on our environment. This is why research and agriculture are increasingly questioning the use of other products such as biostimulants or inhibitors, in order to limit inputs while maintaining a viable productivity rate. One solution would be to act on soil microorganisms linked to the nitrogen cycle in order to limit nitrogen losses from agrosystems through greenhouse gas (N2O) emissions, leaching and/or volatilization. Indeed, in soils, nitrate is also used by so-called denitrifying bacteria, which reduce it to N2O (greenhouse gases) and N2, representing a loss of nitrogen for crops and an increase in air pollution. As a result, plants compete directly with these bacteria for the assimilation of nitrate. Recently, the supervising team of this thesis has highlighted a strategy developed by some plants consisting of the production of secondary metabolites: procyanidins, which inhibit the denitrification of soil microbial communities. Procyanidins have the ability to inhibit the first step of denitrification in denitrifying bacteria, transforming nitrate into nitrite and thus preventing the use of nitrate, without however exerting an antibacterial effect. This strategy therefore preserves the nitrate in the soil, which can then be used by plants for their nutrition and growth. The main objective of this thesis was to evaluate the effect of the application of exogenous procyanidins at several field concentrations on a plant model of economic interest, lettuce, as well as on different soil types. These effects have also been tested on another model of economic interest that consumes nitrogen, celery. During these experiments, measurements were made on (i) microbial denitrification activity, (ii) plant traits related to growth and (iii) the abundance of denitrifying bacterial communities. Our results show an induction of a BDI in the field, a conservation of nitrate inducing in turn an improvement in plant growth and a counter-selection by the plant of denitrifiers. The other point addressed, which was rather fundamental but less successful due to a lack of time, was to highlight, via the use of Arabidopsis thaliana mutants affected in the production of procyanidins or overproducing procyanidins, a return to the plant of nitrogen diverted following the BDI

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Matějíček, Petr. "Simulátor BDI agentů a okolního prostředí s překážkami". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236975.

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This term project desribes simulator of multiagent system implementation. It explains basic concepts of agent and multiagent systems. Simulator is implemented as a separated object, which allows to join various models of environment and agents acting in this environment. Evaluation of several types of agent cooperation behavior is in last section of this project.

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Mora, Michael da Costa. "Um Modelo formal e executável de agentes BDI". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/3955.

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Modelos BDI (ou seja, modelos Beliefs-Desires-Intentions models) de agentes têm sido utilizados já há algum tempo. O objetivo destes modelos é permitir a caracterização de agentes utilizando noções antropomórficas, tais como estados mentais e ações. Usualmente, estas noções e suas propriedades são formalmente definidas utilizandos formalismos lógicos que permitem aos teóricos analisar, especificar e verificar agentes racionais. No entanto, apesar de diversos sistemas já terem sido desenvolvidos baseados nestes modelos, é geralmente aceito que existe uma distância significativa entre esta lógicas BDI poderosas e sistemas reais. Este trabalho defende que a principal razão para a existência desta distância é que os formalismos lógicos utilizados para definir os modelos de agentes não possuem uma semântica operacional que os suporte. Por “semântica operacional” entende-se tanto procedimentos de prova que sejam corretos e completos em relação à semântica da lógica, bem como mecanismos que realizem os diferentes tipos de raciocínio necessários para se modelar agentes. Há, pelo menos, duas abordagens que podem ser utilizadas para superar esta limitação dos modelos BDI. Uma é estender as lógicas BDI existentes com a semântica operacional apropriada de maneira que as teorias de agentes se tornem computacionais. Isto pode ser alcançado através da definição daqueles procedimentos de prova para as lógicas usadas na definição dos estados mentais. A outra abordagem é definir os modelos BDI utilizando formalismos lógicos apropriados que sejam, ao mesmo tempo, suficientemente poderosos para representar estados mentais e que possuam procedimentos operacionais que permitam a utilizaçao da lógica como um formalismo para representação do conhecimento, ao se construir os agentes. Esta é a abordagem seguida neste trabalho. Assim, o propósito deste trabalho é apresentar um modelo BDI que, além de ser um modelo formal de agente, seja também adequado para ser utilizado para implementar agentes. Ao invés de definir um novo formalismo lógico, ou de estender um formalismo existente com uma semântica operacional, define-se as noções de crenças, desejos e intenções utilizando um formalismo lógico que seja, ao mesmo tempo, formalmente bem-definido e computacional. O formalismo escolhido é a Programação em Lógica Estendida com Negação Explícita (ELP) com a semântica dada pelaWFSX (Well-Founded Semantics with Explicit Negation - Semântica Bem-Fundada com Negação Explícita). ELP com a WFSX (referida apenas por ELP daqui para frente) estende programas em lógica ditos normais com uma segunda negação, a negação explícita1. Esta extensão permite que informação negativa seja explicitamente representada (como uma crença que uma propriedade P não se verifica, que uma intenção I não deva se verificar) e aumenta a expressividade da linguagem. No entanto, quando se introduz informação negativa, pode ser necessário ter que se lidar com programas contraditórios. A ELP, além de fornecer os procedimentos de prova necessários para as teorias expressas na sua linguagem, também fornece um mecanismo para determinar como alterar minimamente o programa em lógica de forma a remover as possíveis contradições. O modelo aqui proposto se beneficia destas características fornecidas pelo formalismo lógico. Como é usual neste tipo de contexto, este trabalho foca na definição formal dos estados mentais em como o agente se comporta, dados tais estados mentais. Mas, constrastando com as abordagens até hoje utilizadas, o modelo apresentanto não é apenas uma especificação de agente, mas pode tanto ser executado de forma a verificar o comportamento de um agente real, como ser utilizado como mecanismo de raciocínio pelo agente durante sua execução. Para construir este modelo, parte-se da análise tradicional realizada na psicologia de senso comum, onde além de crenças e desejos, intenções também é considerada como um estado mental fundamental. Assim, inicialmente define-se estes três estados mentais e as relações estáticas entre eles, notadamente restrições sobre a consistência entre estes estados mentais. Em seguida, parte-se para a definição de aspectos dinâmicos dos estados mentais, especificamente como um agente escolhe estas intenções, e quando e como ele revisa estas intenções. Em resumo, o modelo resultante possui duas características fundamentais:(1) ele pode ser usado como um ambiente para a especificação de agentes, onde é possível definir formalmente agentes utilizando estados mentais, definir formalmente propriedades para os agentes e verificar se estas propriedades são satifeitas pelos agentes; e (2) também como ambientes para implementar agentes.

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Lyxell, Adrian. "COMPLEXITY ANALYSIS OF A SOCIALLY AWARE BDI-AGENT". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-175903.

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This BDI-model (beliefs, desires and intents) is a very commonly used method for modeling intelligent agents. The model is very commonly extended with new features and attributes. This thesis presents a new such extension of the BDI-model with added social awareness. Multi-agent system can be very computationally complex so in order to find out how well this architecture would work, a complexity analysis was made. The results of this analysis shows that the agent always will select a goal that appears to be desirable by other agents in the environment. It does however come with a computational cost where the amount of different options the agent has to choose from plays a big part in the speed of the algorithm.

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Nicolini, Filippo. "Simulazione di Agenti BDI basati su Prolog in Alchemist". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19521/.

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L'obiettivo del lavoro di tesi è creare un ambiente di sviluppo per gli agenti che unisca l'espressività della programmazione all'efficienza della simulazione. Si vuole quindi implementare il modello di agenti BDI definendo un interprete di AgentSpeak ispirandosi all'espressività fornita da Jason, interprete di un'estensione di AgentSpeak, ed utilizzando le performance di simulazione fornite da Alchemist, meta-simulatore per il calcolo pervasivo, aggregato e naturale. L'unione tra le due parti è sostenuta da tuProlog, libreria che supporta la programmazione multi-paradigma, e che permette inoltre di portare l'esecuzione dell'interprete anche su ambienti reali, come ad esempio JVM).

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López, Burga Marianelly, Cuadros Melissa Mariluz i Ginocchio María Gracia Pereda. "Asociación entre el control glicémico en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 y grado de depresión según Escala de Beck II en el Hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins en Octubre del 2014". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/621789.

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Introducción: La depresión es un problema de salud pública, puesto que representa la primera causa de enfermedad psiquiátrica discapacitante en el Perú. Asimismo, la presencia de síntomas depresivos podría modificar la adherencia al tratamiento y mayor probabilidad de mal control glicémico en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio trasversal, analítico. Se halló un tamaño muestral de 98 pacientes con diagnóstico de DM2 que acudieron al consultorio de endocrinología de un hospital del seguro social en el periodo de Octubre - Noviembre del año 2014. Se utilizaron tres escalas, la principal fue la del Inventario de Depresión de Beck II como variable de respuesta; las otras dos escalas, Escala de Áreas Problemáticas en la Diabetes (PAID) y la escala de Morisky-Green, fueron utilizadas como respuesta complementaria. En el estudio se definió como buen control glicémico una hemoglobina glicosilada ≤7. Resultados: Se estudió 104 pacientes, predominando el sexo femenino (53,8%), con edad promedio de 56 años con tendencia a ser menores de 60 años (p>0,05), casados y de grado superior. El índice de masa corporal tuvo asociación con la presencia de síntomas depresivos (p 0,003), y se encontró mayor frecuencia en aquellos con obesidad de tipo II y III. El 57,7% de la población tuvo mal control glicémico, de los cuales el 73,3% presentaban síntomas depresivos (p<0,05), y el 84,1% no tuvo adherencia al tratamiento (p<0,05). Se encontró una asociación significativa entre el mal control glicémico y la presencia de síntomas depresivos independientemente de variables potencialmente confusoras con una razón de prevalencias de 1,9 (1,1 a 3,6). Conclusiones: Se concluye la existencia de asociación entre el mal control glicémico y la presencia de síntomas depresivos en pacientes con DM2. De tal forma, se sugiere brindar un enfoque integral en dichos pacientes, en los cuales también deberá evaluarse el factor psicológico.
Introduction: Depression is an important problem of public health because it is the primary cause of disabling psychiatric illness in Peru. Also, the presence of depressive symptoms could modify the adherence to the treatment and a high probability of a bad glycemic control in patients with Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (DM2). Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was done, with 98 patients who were diagnosed with DM2, who went to the Endocrinology Department during the period of October-November 2014 in a social security hospital. We used three scales, the first one was The Beck Depression Inventory II which evaluated the presence of depressive symptoms; the scale of Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) evaluates the emotional stress they faced during the illness, and the Morisky-Green Scale is the third scale used which valued the adherence to the pharmacological treatment. Results: in population, the predominance was on female sex (53,8%), with a mean age of 56 years tended to be younger than 60 years (p> 0.05), married and a superior grade. BMI was associated with the presence of depressive symptoms (p 0.003), and most often found in those with obesity, type II and III. The population had 57.7% of poor glycemic control, of which 73.3% had depressive symptoms (p <0.05), and 84.1% had no adherence to treatment (p <0.05). It was found a significant association between bad glycemic control and presence of depressive symptoms independently of the potentially confounding variables with a prevalence ratio to 1.9 (1, 1 -3, 6). Conclusions: It is concluded the association between the bad glycemic control and the presence of depressive symptoms in diabetic patients. Therefore, it is suggested to use an integral approach on such patients who will be subject to a psychological evaluation.

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Kieling, Gustavo Luiz. "Inserção de conhecimento probabilístico para construção de agentes BDI modelados em redes bayesianas". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/28741.

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A representação do conhecimento de maneira mais fiel possível à realidade é uma meta histórica e não resolvida até o momento na área da Inteligência Artificial. Problemas são resolvidos e decisões são tomadas levando-se em conta diversos tipos de conhecimentos, os quais muitos são tendenciosos, inexatos, ambíguos ou ainda incompletos. A fim de tentar emular a capacidade de representação do conhecimento humano, levando-se em conta as diversas dificuldades inerentes, tem-se construído sistemas computacionais que armazenam o conhecimento das mais diversas formas. Dentro deste contexto, este trabalho propõe um experimento que utiliza duas formas distintas de representação do conhecimento: a simbólica, neste caso BDI, e a probabilística, neste caso Redes Bayesianas. Para desenvolvermos uma prova de conceito desta proposta de representação do conhecimento estamos utilizando exemplos que serão construídos através da tecnologia de programação voltada para agentes. Para tal, foi desenvolvida uma implementação de um Sistema MultiAgente, estendendo o framework Jason através da implementação de um plugin chamado COPA. Para a representação do conhecimento probabilístico, utilizamos uma ferramenta de construção de Redes Bayesianas, também adaptada a este sistema. Os estudos de caso mostraram melhorias no gerenciamento do conhecimento incerto em relação às abordagens de construções de agentes BDI clássicos, ou seja, que não utilizam conhecimento probabilístico.
Achieving faithful representation of knowledge is a historic and still unreached goal in the area of Artificial Intelligence. Problems are solved and decisions are made taking into consideration different kinds of knowledge, from which many are biased, inaccurate, ambiguous or still incomplete. Computational systems that store knowledge in many different ways have been built in order to emulate the capacity of human knowledge representation, taking into consideration the several inherent difficulties to it. Within this context, this paper proposes an experiment that utilizes two distinct ways of representing knowledge: symbolic, BDI in this case, and probabilistic, Bayesian Networks in this case. In order to develop a proof of concept of this propose of knowledge representation, examples that will be built through agent oriented programming technology will be used. For that, implementation of a MultiAgent System was developed, extending the Jason framework through the implementation of a plugin called COPA. For the representation of probabilistic knowledge, a Bayesian Network building tool, also adapted to this system, was used. The case studies showed improvement in the management of uncertain knowledge in relation to the building approaches of classic BDI agents, i.e., that do not use probabilistic knowledge.

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Becker, Maria L. "Assessing depression in women : is the BDI-II biased?" Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1167792.

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Stoppard (1989) contended that cognitive behavioral etiological explanations of depression were biased and utilized androcentric standards to determine an individual's vulnerability to depression. Stoppard's theory has been supported in part by scientists who have tested the gender role hypothesis of depression. This hypothesis proposes an overlap between social conceptualizations of depression and women. Research supporting this prediction has demonstrated a positive association between criteria for depressive disorders and prevailing feminine gender roles (e.g., Cook, 1990; Fisher, 1989; Landrine, 1988; Rothblum, 1983). The current project further investigated the gender role hypothesis of depression and Stoppard's (1989) criticism of Beck's cognitive theory of depression. Using a six-point Likert rating scale, a sample of 453 undergraduates evaluated items on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) in terms of how typical each item was of men and women. Responses were factor analyzed and assessed in relation to conceptualizations of women's gender roles and established criteria for depression. Exploratory factor analyses yielded a two-factor solution that accounted for 29 percent of the total variance among the BDI-II items. Based on the patterns in participants' responses, these two factors were labeled "Depression" and the "Absence of Depression." Further, the "Depression" factor was comprised of items more typical of women, while the "Absence of Depression" factor appeared to contain more items typical of men. Both of these factors were found to possess satisfactory internal reliability. Supplementary analyses suggested male and female participants did not differ in their ratings of the "Absence of Depression" factor. Both perceived this factor as typical of men. In contrast, males and females varied in their assessment of the "Depression" factor. Females rated the "Depression" factor higher than males, indicating that this factor was more typical of women. Multiple regression analyses also suggested that gender-related personality traits (e.g., instrumental & communal) and beliefs about discrimination against women differentially contributed to predicting responses to the "Depression" and the "Absence of Depression" factors. Theoretical, empirical, and clinical implications are offered for all of these results in the hopes of eliminating the overlap between social conceptualizations of depression and women, and enhancing the accurate identification, treatment, and investigation of depression.
Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services

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Guerra, Hernandez Alejandro. "Apprentissage d'agents rationnels BDI dans un univers multi-agents". Paris 13, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA132020.

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Cette thèse a pour objet d'étudier l'apprentissage d'agents rationnels BDI dans un univers Multi-agents. Un agent rationnel peut être défini comme une entité cognitive autonome dotée d'attitudes intentionnelles, e. G. Intentions, désirs, et croyances (BDI). Dans un premier temps, nous étudions les concepts d'agent et de la rationalité pratique permettant aux agents d'induire, à partir de ses attitudes intentionnelles, un comportement dit rationnel. Ces concepts sont formalisés en utilisant une logique BDI multi-modale, nous permettant la spécification et le développement d'une architecture BDI implantée en langage Lisp. L'architecture est opérationnelle et permet l'exécution de plusieurs agents BDI dans un univers Multi-agents ainsi que l'amélioration des capacités de raisonnement épistémologique de chaque agent, en incorporant des capacités de démonstration des théorèmes en premier ordre. Ensuite, nous étudions le problème de l'apprentissage d'agents et nous proposons une hiérarchie des situations d'apprentissage basée sur le degré de conscience qu'ont les agents relativement à la présence des autres agents dans leur univers. Nous utilisons l'induction des arbres de décision du premier ordre, pour permettre aux agents BDI d'apprendre les " raisons " pour former une intention. Ces raisons correspondent, dans notre architecture, aux conditions de déclenchement de plans de l'agent. Cette méthode d'apprentissage est incorporée dans l'architecture BDI proposée, permettant à un agent BDI d'apprendre en étant isolé à partir de sa propre expérience (premier niveau de la hiérarchie proposée) et d'apprendre en communiquant avec d'autres agents partageant son univers (deuxième niveau de notre hiérarchie), profitant ainsi des expériences des autres
The goal of this thesis is to study the issue of rational BDI learning agents, situated in a multi-agent system. A rational agent can be defined as a cognitive entity endowed with intentional attitudes, e. G. , beliefs, desires, and intentions (BDI). First, we study the concepts of agency and practical reasoning, allowing agents to induce from their intentional attitudes, a behavior identified as rational. These concepts are formalized using a multi-modal BDI logic, enabling us to specify and develop a BDI architecture implemented in Lisp. The architecture is fully operational, it allows the execution of multiple BDI agents in a multi-agent system and it improves the epistemic reasoning of each agent introducing first-order theorem proving competences. Then, we study the problem of learning in the agency context and we propose a hierarchy of learning situations based on the awareness of agents about the presence of other agents in the multi-agent system. We use the first-order induction of logical decision trees to enable our BDI agents to learn the "reasons" they have to form an intention. These reasons correspond in the architecture to the trigger conditions of the plans of the agent. This learning method is included in the architecture proposed, allowing BDI agents to learn from their own experience, as if they were isolated (first level of the hierarchy proposed), and communicating with other agents in the Multi-agent System, to profit in this way of the experience of others

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Filho, Gilberto Amado de Azevedo Cysneiros. "Software traceability for multi-agent systems implemented using BDI architecture". Thesis, City University London, 2011. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/1115/.

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The development of multi-agent software systems is considered a complex task due to (a) the large number and heterogeneity of documents generated during the development of these systems, (b) the lack of support for the whole development life-cycle by existing agent-oriented methodologies requiring the use of different methodologies, and (c) the possible incompleteness of the documents and models generated during the development of the systems. In order to alleviate the above problems, in this thesis, a traceability framework is described to support the development of multi-agent systems. The framework supports automatic generation of traceability relations and identification of missing elements (i.e., completeness checking) in the models created during the development life-cycle of multi-agent systems using the Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) architecture. Traceability has been recognized as an important activity in the software development process. Traceability relations can guarantee and improve software quality and can help with several tasks such as the evolution of software systems, reuse of parts of the system, validation that a system meets its requirements, understanding of the rationale for certain design decisions, identification of common aspects of the system, and analysis of implications of changes in the system. The traceability framework presented in this thesis concentrates on multi-agent software systems developed using i* framework, Prometheus methodology, and JACK language. Here, a traceability reference model is presented for software artefacts generated when using i* framework, Prometheus methodology, and JACK language. Different types of relations between the artefacts are identified. The framework is based on a rule-based approach to support automatic identification of traceability relations and missing elements between the generated artefacts. Software models represented in XML were used to support the heterogeneity of models and tools used during the software development life-cycle. In the framework, the rules are specified in an extension of XQuery to support (i) representation of the consequence part of the rules, i.e. the actions to be taken when the conditions are satisfied, and (ii) extra functions to cover some of the traceability relations being proposed and completeness checking of the models. A prototype tool has been developed to illustrate and evaluate the work. The work has been evaluated in terms of recall and precision measurements in three different case studies. One small case study of an Automatic Teller Machine application, one medium case study of an Air Traffic Control Environment application, and one large case study of an Electronic Bookstore application.

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Schmitz, Tiago Luiz. "Modelo anÃmico para raciocÃnio normativo organizacional de um agente BDI". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2016. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/162840.

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Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro TecnolÃ³gico, Programa de PÃ³s-GraduaÃ§Ã£o em Engenharia de AutomaÃ§Ã£o e Sistemas, FlorianÃ³polis, 2016.
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Em sistemas multiagentes abertos dotados de sistemas normativos Ã© necessÃ¡rio que os agentes sejam capazes de deliberar sobre as normas do sistema e seus desejos pessoais. Considerando que os agentes normativos tÃªm recursos limitados, Ã© necessÃ¡rio raciocinar tambÃ©m sobre os recursos disponÃveis e se eles sÃ£o suficientes para alcanÃ§ar o objetivo implicado por uma norma. Nesta direÃ§Ã£o, o objetivo principal da tese Ã© desenvolver uma arquitetura e um processo de raciocÃnio que juntos sÃ£o capazes de deliberar sobre normas e desejos, levando em consideraÃ§Ã£o os recursos finitos. Para atingir esse objetivo, o conceito de Ã¢nimo (THAYER, 1989) foi tomado como ponto de partida para propor uma arquitetura capaz de representar as informaÃ§Ãµes necessÃ¡rias para o agente deliberar sobre as normas e desejos. O processo de deliberaÃ§Ã£o proposto mapeia essas informaÃ§Ãµes em um problema de programaÃ§Ã£o inteira mista e atravÃ©s de um solver obtÃ©m o conjunto de desejos e normas, que produz o melhor benefÃcio ao agente. Como cenÃ¡rio de aplicaÃ§Ã£o dos conceitos estabelecidos nessa tese, foi desenvolvido o planejamento de trajetÃ³ria on-line para um veÃculo aÃ©reo nÃ£o tripulado. Conferindo a este autonomia para deliberar sobre as rotas a serem percorridas. Os resultados obtidos nessa tese sÃ£o: uma arquitetura de agente capaz de raciocinar sobre normas e desejos considerando recursos limitados e uma implementaÃ§Ã£o da arquitetura proposta.

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Schmitz, Tiago Luiz. "Modelo anímico para raciocínio normativo organizacional de um agente BDI". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2016. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/168639.

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Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Automação e Sistemas, Florianópolis, 2016.
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Em sistemas multiagentes abertos dotados de sistemas normativos é necessário que os agentes sejam capazes de deliberar sobre as normas do sistema e seus desejos pessoais. Considerando que os agentes normativos têm recursos limitados, é necessário raciocinar também sobre os recursos disponíveis e se eles são suficientes para alcançar o objetivo implicado por uma norma. Nesta direção, o objetivo principal da tese é desenvolver uma arquitetura e um processo de raciocínio que juntos são capazes de deliberar sobre normas e desejos, levando em consideração os recursos finitos. Para atingir esse objetivo, o conceito de ânimo (THAYER, 1989) foi tomado como ponto de partida para propor uma arquitetura capaz de representar as informações necessárias para o agente deliberar sobre as normas e desejos. O processo de deliberação proposto mapeia essas informações em um problema de programação inteira mista e através de um solver obtém o conjunto de desejos e normas, que produz o melhor benefício ao agente. Como cenário de aplicação dos conceitos estabelecidos nessa tese, foi desenvolvido o planejamento de trajetória on-line para um veículo aéreo não tripulado. Conferindo a este autonomia para deliberar sobre as rotas a serem percorridas. Os resultados obtidos nessa tese são: uma arquitetura de agente capaz de raciocinar sobre normas e desejos considerando recursos limitados e uma implementação da arquitetura proposta.

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Faccin, João Guilherme. "Preference and context-based BDI plan selection using machine learning : from models to code generation". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/138209.

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A tecnologia de agentes surge como uma solução que fornece flexibilidade e robustez para lidar com domínios dinâmicos e complexos. Tal flexibilidade pode ser alcançada através da adoção de abordagens já existentes baseadas em agentes, como a arquitetura BDI, que provê agentes com características mentais de crenças, desejos e intenções. Essa arquitetura é altamente personalizável, deixando lacunas a serem preenchidas de acordo com aplicações específicas. Uma dessas lacunas é o algoritmo de seleção de planos, responsável por selecionar um plano para ser executado pelo agente buscando atingir um objetivo, e tendo grande influência no desempenho geral do agente. Grande parte das abordagens existentes requerem considerável esforço para personalização e ajuste a fim de serem utilizadas em aplicações específicas. Nessa dissertação, propomos uma abordagem para seleção de planos apta a aprender quais planos possivelmente terão os melhores resultados, baseando-se no contexto atual e nas preferências do agente. Nossa abordagem é composta por um meta-modelo, que deve ser instanciado a fim de especificar metadados de planos, e uma técnica que usa tais metadados para aprender e predizer resultados da execução destes planos. Avaliamos nossa abordagem experimentalmente e os resultados indicam que ela é efetiva. Adicionalmente, fornecemos uma ferramenta para apoiar o processo de desenvolvimento de agentes de software baseados em nosso trabalho. Essa ferramenta permite que desenvolvedores modelem e gerem código-fonte para agentes BDI com capacidades de aprendizado. Um estudo com usuários foi realizado para avaliar os benefícios de um método de desenvolvimento baseado em agentes BDI auxiliado por ferramenta. Evidências sugerem que nossa ferramenta pode auxiliar desenvolvedores que não sejam especialistas ou que não estejam familiarizados com a tecnologia de agentes.
Agent technology arises as a solution that provides flexibility and robustness to deal with dynamic and complex domains. Such flexibility can be achieved by the adoption of existing agent-based approaches, such as the BDI architecture, which provides agents with the mental attitudes of beliefs, desires and intentions. This architecture is highly customisable, leaving gaps to be fulfilled in particular applications. One of these gaps is the plan selection algorithm that is responsible for selecting a plan to be executed by an agent to achieve a goal, having an important influence on the overall agent performance. Most existing approaches require considerable effort for customisation and adjustment to be used in particular applications. In this dissertation, we propose a plan selection approach that is able to learn plans that provide possibly best outcomes, based on current context and agent’s preferences. Our approach is composed of a meta-model, which must be instantiated to specify plan metadata, and a technique that uses such metadata to learn and predict plan outcomes. We evaluated our approach experimentally, and results indicate it is effective. Additionally, we provide a tool to support the development process of software agents based on our work. This tool allows developers to model and generate source code for BDI agents with learning capabilities. A user study was performed to assess the improvements of a tool-supported BDI-agent-based development method, and evidences suggest that our tool can help developers that are not experts or are unfamiliar with the agent technology.

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Torres, Jorge Alberto Rangel. "Uma arquitetura para animar agentes autônomos em ambientes virtuais usando o modelo BDI". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/90427.

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Humanos virtuais são modelos computacionais de pessoas. Se necessário, podem apresentar uma aparência bastante realista, baseada em princípios fisiológicos e biomecânicos. Além disso, são capazes de comportar-se de forma autônoma e inteligente em ambientes dinâmicos, podendo apresentar até mesmo individualidade e personalidade. Humanos virtuais podem ser utilizados como atores sintéticos. Tais atores têm sido usados em uma série de aplicações com a finalidade de simular a presença de atores reais. A indústria de jogos por computador requer personagens que sejam capazes de reagir apropriadamente a eventos e circunstâncias inesperadas, e até mesmo de alterar o progresso do jogo com seus cursos de ação autônomos. Um modo natural para desenvolver tais personagens prevê o uso de técnicas de inteligência artificial, em particular aquelas relacionadas às áreas de agentes autônomos e sistemas multiagentes. Neste trabalho, propõese o uso do modelo BDI (Belief-Desire-Intention) para modelar agentes cognitivos, com a finalidade de implementar personagens animados. O modelo BDI é uma abordagem bastante conhecida e bem sucedida para o desenvolvimento de agentes autônomos em sistemas multiagentes. Trata-se de uma arquitetura poderosa para sistemas dinâmicos e complexos, nos quais agentes podem precisar agir sob informação incompleta e incorreta sobre o seu ambiente e os outros habitantes. Esta dissertação reúne um modelo articulado para animação de personagens, o qual requer a especificação de movimento em cada junta individualmente, e um interpretador para AgentSpeak(L), uma linguagem de programação orientada a agentes que implementa a arquitetura BDI. Foi desenvolvida uma interface que permite que o sistema de raciocínio de um agente, baseado em BDI, seja usado para dirigir o comportamento de um personagem em um sistema de animação. O uso de AgentSpeak(L) é uma abordagem promissora para a especificação em alto nível de animações complexas por computador. O modelo conceitual e sua implementação são apresentados em capítulos distintos. Esta separação visa simplificar a compreensão do modelo proposto, permitindo primeiro analisá-lo em um nível mais alto de abstração, para então verificar detalhes de programação. Este trabalho apresenta também duas animações 3D, usadas para ilustrar a abordagem proposta. A principal animação apresentada envolve um agente situado em um ambiente dinâmico; o agente continuamente percebe o ambiente e raciocina para determinar como agir sobre ele, baseado em seu estado mental BDI. A outra aplicação é bastante simples, mas útil para mostrar algumas questões que são relevantes para obter-se mais eficiência em programas AgentSpeak(L).
Virtual humans are computational models of people. If necessary, they can portray a very realistic appearance, based on biomechanical and physiological principles. Besides, they are able to behave in an autonomous and intelligent way in dynamic environments, and even to exhibit individuality and personality. Virtual humans can be used as synthetic actors. Such kind of actors have been used in several applications, such as games, in order to simulate the presence of real actors. The computer-game industry requires characters that are able to react appropriately to unexpected events and circumstances, and even to change the game progress with their autonomous courses of actions. A natural way for developing such characters is by the use of artificial intelligence techniques, in particular those related to the areas of autonomous agents and multi-agent systems. In this work, the use of the Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) model for cognitive agents in order to implement animated characters is proposed. The BDI model is a well-known and successful approach for the development of autonomous agents in multiagent systems. It is a very powerful architecture for dynamic and complex systems where agents may need to act under incomplete and incorrect information on other agents and their environment. This work brings together an articulated model for character animation, which requires the specification of motion on each joint individually, and an interpreter for AgentSpeak(L), an agent-oriented programming language that implements the BDI architecture. I have developed an interface that allows the BDI-based agent reasoning system to be used for guiding the behaviour of a character in an animation system. The use of AgentSpeak(L) is a promising approach for the high-level specification of complex computer animations. The conceptual model and its implementation are presented in distinct chapters. This separation aims at simplifying the comprehension of the proposed model, allowing its analysis first at a higher abstraction level, and after that to check programming details. This work also presents two 3-D animations used to illustrate the proposed approach. The main animation presented involves an agent that is situated in a dynamic environment; the agent continuously perceives the environment and reasons on how to act upon it based on its BDI mental state. The other application is quite simple, but useful to show some issues that are relevant for obtaining better performance from AgentSpeak(L) programs.

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Bosello, Michael. "Integrating BDI and Reinforcement Learning: the Case Study of Autonomous Driving". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21467/.

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Recent breakthroughs in machine learning are paving the way to the vision of software 2.0 era, which foresees the replacement of traditional software development with such techniques for many applications. In the context of agent-oriented programming, we believe that mixing together cognitive architectures like the BDI one and learning techniques could trigger new interesting scenarios. In that view, our previous work presents Jason-RL, a framework that integrates BDI agents and Reinforcement Learning (RL) more deeply than what has been already proposed so far in the literature. The framework allows the development of BDI agents having both explicitly programmed plans and plans learned by the agent using RL. The two kinds of plans are seamlessly integrated and can be used without differences. Here, we take autonomous driving as a case study to verify the advantages of the proposed approach and framework. The BDI agent has hard-coded plans that define high-level directions while fine-grained navigation is learned by trial and error. This approach – compared to plain RL – is encouraging as RL struggles in temporally extended planning. We defined and trained an agent able to drive in a track with an intersection, at which it has to choose the correct path to reach the assigned target. A first step towards porting the system in the real-world has been done by building a 1/10 scale racecar prototype which learned how to drive in a simple track.

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Dickinson, Ian John. "BDI agents and the semantic Web : developing user-facing autonomous applications". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434036.

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Ben, othmane Amel. "CARS-Un système multi-agent pour la prise de décision dans des applications spatiotemporelles incertaines". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR4086/document.

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Récemment, plusieurs applications, dans lesquelles différentes entités interagissent dans un environnement dynamique, soulignent l’intérêt de l’utilisation des architectures multi-agents. Ces architectures offrent, dans ce cadre, un certain nombre d’avantages, tels que l’autonomie, la réactivité et la capacité de prise de décision. Elles manquent cependant de capacité sociale et de connaissances sur son environnement, notamment lorsqu’il s’agit d’un environnement dynamique. En effet, quand un agent interagit avec le monde réel, il doit prendre en compte les évènements qui peuvent survenir tout en considérant centaines contraintes telles que le temps et l’espace. En outre, les agents doivent faire face à l’incertitude liée aux applications réelles afin de fournir une représentation fidèle du monde réel. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous proposons un modèle formel de recommandation des plans qui améliore le processus de prise de décision des agents dans un environnement spatio-temporel et incertain. Pour formaliser les comportements cognitifs des agents dans notre système nommé CARS, en anglais ``Cognitive Agent-based Recommender System '', nous avons étendu l’architecture BDI qui se base sur le modèle `` Croyance-Désir-Intention'' pour prendre en compte les différents contextes liés à des applications réelles en particulier le contexte social. Par ailleurs, nous avons également utilisé la théorie possibiliste afin de considérer l’incertitude dans l’état motivationnel d’un agent (c’est à dire ses croyances, désirs, objectifs ou intentions). Pour répondre aux besoins des applications réelles, tels que les systèmes de recommandation relatives au trafic et navigation, nous proposons une représentation spatiotemporelle des croyances et des intentions d’un agent. Cette représentation permettra l’anticipation de certaines intentions, de manière à recommander un plan qui sera optimal pour un utilisateur. Compte tenu l’incomplétude/l’imprécision liée aux données spatiotemporelles, nous avons étendu le modèle proposé pour raisonner avec des croyances et intentions floues. Une évaluation du modèle proposé a été menée en utilisant une simulation multi-agent, dans un scenario réel de circulation routière. Cette simulation a offert un environnement virtuel qui a mis en lumière, après avoir testé les différentes fonctionnalités du modèle, les principaux points forts ainsi que leslacunes liées à l’architecture multi-agents proposée
Recently, many real-world applications where different entities interact in a dynamic environment, consider the use of agents in their architectures due principally to their autonomy, reactivity and decision-making abilities. Though these systems can be made intelligent, using Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques, agents still lack of social abilities and have limited knowledge of their environment and in particular when it comes to a dynamic environment. In fact, when operating in the real world, agents need to deal with unexpected events considering both changes in time and space. Moreover, agents must face the uncertainty, which pervades real-world scenarios in order to provide an accurate representation of the world. In this thesis, we introduce and evaluate a formal framework for recommending plans to agents in the decision making process, when they deal with uncertain spatio-temporal information. The agent-based architecture we propose to address this issue, called CARS (Cognitive Agent-based Recommender System), has been designed by extending the well-known Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) architecture to incorporate further capabilities to support reasoning with different types of contextual information, including the social context. Uncertainty on the agent's beliefs, desires and intentions is modeled using possibility theory. To meet the requirements of real-world applications, e.g., traffic and navigation recommendation systems, we define a spatio-temporal representation of the agents' beliefs and intentions. Using such a formal framework, anticipatory reasoning about intentional dynamics can be performed with the aim to recommend an optimal plan to a certain user. Since spatio-temporal data is often considered as incomplete and/or vague, we extended the formal framework with a fuzzy representation of spatio-temporal beliefs and intentions. The framework is evaluated through an Agent Based Simulation (ABS) in a real-world traffic scenario. This ABS allowed us to create a virtual environment to test the impact of the different features of our framework as well as to evaluating the main strengths and weaknesses of the proposed agent architecture

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Braggion, Stefano. "Programmazione di sistemi multi-agente: la piattaforma Jason come caso di studio". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/8998/.

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L’obiettivo principale di questo elaborato è di mostrare in un primo momento i concetti fondamentali che stanno alla base del paradigma ad agenti. Una volta introdotti, essi verranno collocati in un determinato ambiente di programmazione attraverso una piattaforma specifica chiamata Jason. Come sarà facile capire dalla lettura di questa trattazione, un sistema ad agenti è costituito dagli agenti stessi e dall’ambiente in cui sono situati. L’ambiente risulta quindi un altro tassello fondamentale ed è stato introdotto allo scopo un nuovo paradigma per la programmazione di ambienti chiamato Agent & Artifact. Nello specifico, verrà ampiamente descritto il framework di riferimento di tale paradigma: CArtAgO. Dopo aver illustrato i concetti e gli strumenti per poter agilmente programmare e progettare sistemi ad agenti, verrà infine mostrato un esempio di applicazione di tale tecnologia attraverso un case study. Il progetto del sistema in questione riguarda un reale caso aziendale e integra la tecnologia RFID con quella ad agenti per fornire la soluzione ad un problema noto come quello del controllo periodico delle scorte.

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Lee, Seung Ho. "INTEGRATED HUMAN DECISION BEHAVIOR MODELING UNDER AN EXTENDED BELIEF-DESIRE-INTENTION FRAMEWORK". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193788.

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Modeling comprehensive human decision behaviors in a unified and extensible framework is quite challenging. In this research, an integrated Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) modeling framework is proposed to represent the human decision behavior, whose submodules (Belief, Desire, Decision-Making, and Emotion modules) are based on a Bayesian belief network (BBN), Decision-Field-Theory (DFT), a probabilistic depth first search (PDFS) technique, and a BBN-reinforcement (Q-Learning) hybrid learning algorithm. A key novelty of the proposed model is its ability to represent various human decision behaviors such as decision-making, decision-planning, and learning in a unified framework.To this end, first, we extend DFT (a widely known psychological model for preference evolution) to cope with dynamic environments. The extended DFT (EDFT) updates the subjective evaluation for the alternatives and the attention weights on the attributes via BBN under the dynamic environment. To illustrate and validate the proposed EDFT, a human-in-the-loop experiment is conducted for a virtual stock market. Second, a new approach to represent learning (a dynamic evolution process of underlying modules) in the human decision behavior is proposed under the context of the BDI framework. Our research focuses on how a human adjusts his perception process (involving BBN) dynamically against his performance (depicted via a confidence index) in predicting the environment as part of his decision-planning. To this end, Q-learning is employed and further developed.To mimic realistic human behaviors, attributes of the BDI framework are reverse-engineered from human-in-the-loop experiments conducted in the Cave Automatic Virtual Environment (CAVE). The proposed modeling framework is demonstrated for a human's evacuation behaviors in response to a terrorist bomb attack. The constructed simulation has been used to test the impact of several factors (e.g., demographics, number of police officers, information sharing via speakers) on evacuation performance (e.g., average evacuation time, percentage of casualties).In addition, the proposed human decision behavior model is extended for decisions of many stakeholders that form a complex social network in the community-based development of software systems.To the best of our knowledge, the proposed human decision behavior modeling framework is one of the first efforts to represent various human decision behaviors (e.g., decision-making, decision-planning, dynamic learning) in a unified BDI framework.

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Mordenti, Andrea. "Programming Robots with an Agent-Oriented BDI-based Control Architecture: Explorations using the JaCa and Webots Platforms". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/4803/.

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La crescente disponibilità di dispositivi meccanici e -soprattutto - elettronici le cui performance aumentano mentre il loro costo diminuisce, ha permesso al campo della robotica di compiere notevoli progressi. Tali progressi non sono stati fatti unicamente per ciò che riguarda la robotica per uso industriale, nelle catene di montaggio per esempio, ma anche per quella branca della robotica che comprende i robot autonomi domestici. Questi sistemi autonomi stanno diventando, per i suddetti motivi, sempre più pervasivi, ovvero sono immersi nello stesso ambiente nel quale vivono gli essere umani, e interagiscono con questi in maniera proattiva. Essi stanno compiendo quindi lo stesso percorso che hanno attraversato i personal computer all'incirca 30 anni fa, passando dall'essere costosi ed ingombranti mainframe a disposizione unicamente di enti di ricerca ed università, ad essere presenti all'interno di ogni abitazione, per un utilizzo non solo professionale ma anche di assistenza alle attività quotidiane o anche di intrattenimento. Per questi motivi la robotica è un campo dell'Information Technology che interessa sempre più tutti i tipi di programmatori software. Questa tesi analizza per prima cosa gli aspetti salienti della programmazione di controllori per robot autonomi (ovvero senza essere guidati da un utente), quindi, come l'approccio basato su agenti sia appropriato per la programmazione di questi sistemi. In particolare si mostrerà come un approccio ad agenti, utilizzando il linguaggio di programmazione Jason e quindi l'architettura BDI, sia una scelta significativa, dal momento che il modello sottostante a questo tipo di linguaggio è basato sul ragionamento pratico degli esseri umani (Human Practical Reasoning) e quindi è adatto alla implementazione di sistemi che agiscono in maniera autonoma. Dato che le possibilità di utilizzare un vero e proprio sistema autonomo per poter testare i controllori sono ridotte, per motivi pratici, economici e temporali, mostreremo come è facile e performante arrivare in maniera rapida ad un primo prototipo del robot tramite l'utilizzo del simulatore commerciale Webots. Il contributo portato da questa tesi include la possibilità di poter programmare un robot in maniera modulare e rapida per mezzo di poche linee di codice, in modo tale che l'aumento delle funzionalità di questo risulti un collo di bottiglia, come si verifica nella programmazione di questi sistemi tramite i classici linguaggi di programmazione imperativi. L'organizzazione di questa tesi prevede un capitolo di background nel quale vengono riportare le basi della robotica, della sua programmazione e degli strumenti atti allo scopo, un capitolo che riporta le nozioni di programmazione ad agenti, tramite il linguaggio Jason -quindi l'architettura BDI - e perché tale approccio è adatto alla programmazione di sistemi di controllo per la robotica. Successivamente viene presentata quella che è la struttura completa del nostro ambiente di lavoro software che comprende l'ambiente ad agenti e il simulatore, quindi nel successivo capitolo vengono mostrate quelle che sono le esplorazioni effettuate utilizzando Jason e un approccio classico (per mezzo di linguaggi classici), attraverso diversi casi di studio di crescente complessità; dopodiché, verrà effettuata una valutazione tra i due approcci analizzando i problemi e i vantaggi che comportano questi. Infine, la tesi terminerà con un capitolo di conclusioni e di riflessioni sulle possibili estensioni e lavori futuri.

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Rossetti, Rosaldo Jose Fernandes. "A BDI-based approach for the assessment of driver's decision-making in commuter scenarios". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/5595.

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O rápido crescimento das regiões urbanas tem impacto significativo nos sistemas de tráfego e transportes. Políticas de gerenciamento e estratégias de planejamento alternativas são claramente necessárias para o tratamento da capacidade limitada, e cada vez mais deficitária, das redes viárias. O conceito de Sistemas Inteligentes de Transportes (ITS) surge neste cenário; mais do que procurar aumentar a capacidade por meio de modificações físicas na infraestrutura, sua premissa baseia-se na utilização de tecnologias avançadas de comunicação e computação para melhor gerir os recursos de tráfego e transportes atuais. Influenciar o padrão do comportamento dos usuários é um desafio que tem estimulado muita pesquisa na área de ITS, onde fatores humanos passam a ter grande importância na modelagem, simulação e avaliação dessa abordagem inovadora. Este trabalho tem como foco a utilização de Sistemas Multiagentes (MAS) na representação dos sistemas de tráfego e transporte, com base nas novasmedidas de desempenho impostas pelas tecnologias ITS. As características de agentes têm grande potencial para representar componentes geográfica e funcionalmente distribuídos, como a maioria dos elementos no domínio da aplicação. Uma arquitetura BDI (beliefs, desires, intentions) é apresentada como alternativa a modelos tradicionais, usados para representar o comportamento do motorista em simulação microscópica, considerando-se a representação explícita dos estados mentais dos usuários. Os conceitos básicos de ITS e MAS são apresentados, assim como exemplos de aplicações relacionados com o tema do trabalho. Esta foi a motivação para a extensão de um simulador microscópico existente, no sentido de incorporar as características dos MAS para melhorar a representação dos motoristas. Assim, a demanda é gerada a partir de uma população de agentes, resultando da decisão sobre a rota e o tempo de partida ao longo de vários dias. O modelo estendido, que passa a suportar a interação de motoristas BDI, foi efetivamente implementado e foram executados diferentes experimentos para testar a abordagem em cenários de tráfego urbano. MAS permite uma abordagem direcionada a processos que facilita a construção de representações modulares, robustas, e extensíveis, características pouco presentes em abordagens voltadas ao resultado. Suas premissas de abstração permitem uma associação direta entre modelo e implementação. Incerteza e variabilidade são assim tratadas de maneira mais intuitiva, uma vez que arquiteturas cognitivas permitem uma fácil representação do comportamento humano na estrutura do motorista. Desta forma, MAS estende a simulação microscópica de tráfego no sentido de melhor representar a complexidade inerente às tecnologias ITS.
The rapid growth of urban areas has a significant impact on traffic and transportation systems. New management policies and planning strategies are clearly necessary to cope with the more than ever limited capacity of existing road networks. The concept of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) arises in this scenario; rather than attempting to increase road capacity by means of physical modifications to the infrastructure, the premise of ITS relies on the use of advanced communication and computer technologies to handle today’s traffic and transportation facilities. Influencing users’ behaviour patterns is a challenge that has stimulated much research in the ITS field, where human factors start gaining great importance to modelling, simulating, and assessing such an innovative approach. This work is aimed at using Multi-agent Systems (MAS) to represent the traffic and transportation systems in the light of the new performance measures brought about by ITS technologies. Agent features have good potentialities to represent those components of a system that are geographically and functionally distributed, such as most components in traffic and transportation. A BDI (beliefs, desires, and intentions) architecture is presented as an alternative to traditional models used to represent the driver behaviour within microscopic simulation allowing for an explicit representation of users’ mental states. Basic concepts of ITS and MAS are presented, as well as some application examples related to the subject. This has motivated the extension of an existing microscopic simulation framework to incorporate MAS features to enhance the representation of drivers. This way demand is generated from a population of agents as the result of their decisions on route and departure time, on a daily basis. The extended simulation model that now supports the interaction of BDI driver agents was effectively implemented, and different experiments were performed to test this approach in commuter scenarios. MAS provides a process-driven approach that fosters the easy construction of modular, robust, and scalable models, characteristics that lack in former result-driven approaches. Its abstraction premises allow for a closer association between the model and its practical implementation. Uncertainty and variability are addressed in a straightforward manner, as an easier representation of humanlike behaviours within the driver structure is provided by cognitive architectures, such as the BDI approach used in this work. This way MAS extends microscopic simulation of traffic to better address the complexity inherent in ITS technologies.

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Rosa, Stefan de Oliveira. "HRCSystem: sistema multiagente BDI como auxílio na gestão de profissionais por competências". Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2009. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/2280.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento do HRCSystem (Sistema de Consulta a Recursos Humanos), desde concepção até os experimentos de validação. Intrínseco ao desenvolvimento do sistema estão os conceitos de áreas como Gestão de Projetos, Gestão por Competências e Engenharia de Software Orientada a Agentes. O principal objetivo do HRCSystem é auxiliar gerentes de projetos na escolha de um profissional que seja mais adequado à realização de uma atividade, considerando características de qualificação e disponibilidade deste profissional. Para isso, o HRCSystem implementa um modelo cognitivo para representar conceitos de competência humana e processos de gestão de competência de natureza psicológica. Este modelo cognitivo de competências também é proposto na dissertação, sendo outro importante resultado deste trabalho. Metodologias como TROPOS, Prometheus e Métodos Derivados de ITS (Intelligent Tutoring System) dão suporte às fases de análise e projeto do sistema. A fase de implementação é executada com aux
This work presents the development of the HRCSystem (System to Query Human Resources) from conception up to the experiments for validation. Intrinsic to the development of the application are the concepts of research areas as Project Management, Competencies Management and Agent-Oriented Software Engineering. HRCSystem goal is to assist project managers in choosing a professional that is more appropriate for some activity, considering the competencies and availability of the professional. To do so, HRCSystem implements a cognitive model aimed to represent human competency concepts and competence management processes of psychological nature. This cognitive model of competencies is also proposed in this work, being another important result of it. Methodologies like TROPOS, Prometheus and Methods Derived from ITS ( Intelligent Tutoring System) support analysis and design phases of the system. The implementation phase is executed with the help of AgentSpeak(L) language and JASON tool. Finally, both model and s

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Lorençatto, Carolina. "Avaliação da prevalencia de depressão em mulheres com endometriose atraves do BDI". [s.n.], 2003. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/313205.

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Orientador: Carlos Alberto Petta
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a prevalência de depressão entre mulheres portadoras de endometriose com e sem queixa de dor pélvica crônica através do Inventário de Depressão de Beck. Para tal, foram entrevistadas 100 mulheres com diagnóstico cirúrgico de endometriose, divididas igualmente em dois grupos: com e sem dor. A depressão foi avaliada e classificada através do Inventário de Depressão Beck, sendo utilizado para análise estatística das variáveis o teste qui-quadrado, a Análise de Regressão Múltipla e a Análise Discriminante Multivariada. A prevalência de depressão encontrada foi: 86% no grupo com dor e 38% no grupo sem dor. A única variável significativamente associada à depressão foi a dor pélvica crônica. Queixas depressivas referentes à preocupação somática, inibição para o trabalho, falta de satisfação e tristeza/humor deprimido estiveram significativamente associadas ao grupo com dor. A queixa de sensação de fracasso foi à única associada ao grupo sem dor. Apesar da prevalência de depressão ter sido maior no grupo com dor, esse sofrimento emocional não deve ser ignorado em mulheres sem o sintoma doloroso. A avaliação e acompanhamento psicológico podem auxiliar no tratamento da endometriose, objetivando melhorar a qualidade de vida dessas mulheres
Abstract: The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of depression between women with surgical diagnosis of endometriosis with and without pelvic pain. A total of 100 women, 50 in each group were interviewed and answered the Beck Depression Inventory. Statistical analyses were performed using the Chi-square test, Multiple Regression and Discriminated Multivariate analysis. Depression was found in 86% and 38% of the women with and without pain respectively. Depression complaints as somatic concerns, unwillingness to work, lack of satisfaction and sadness were significantly more observed in the pain group. Sensation of failure was the only variable more observed in the group without pain. Although depression was higher in the pain group, its occurrence was still high in the group without pain. The evaluation and treatment of depression can be helpful for women with endometriosis, especially those with pelvic pain
Mestrado
Tocoginecologia
Mestre em Tocoginecologia

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Mendes, Sabrina Moita Costa. "INVENTÁRIO DE DEPRESSÃO DE BECK (BDI) EM MULHERES MASTECTOMIZADAS DE TERESINA-PI". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2013. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/2935.

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A neoplasia mamária é uma doença ameaçadora e temida entre as mulheres, pois representa uma das principais causas de morte na população feminina. Além disso, tem como principal recurso terapêutico a mastectomia, que traz consequências dolorosas na vida das mulheres em virtude dos efeitos psicológicos, das limitações e das mudanças no estilo de vida. Diante do exposto, este estudo tem como objetivo: avaliar a depressão em pacientes mastectomizadas de Teresina-PI, utilizando o Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI). Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa, a qual partiu de um levantamento bibliográfico em acervos bibliotecários e de publicações eletrônicas, além da utilização de alguns instrumentos de coleta de dados, como entrevista semi-estruturada e o BDI. Os dados foram analisados e organizados em quadro categorias: saberes sobre a doença; o diagnóstico de câncer; repercussões da cirurgia de mastectomia; importância do apoio familiar e do companheiro e crenças. Os resultados permitiram identificar que a mastectomia gera implicações de ordem emocional, física e social. No que se refere às implicações de ordem emocional essas mulheres apresentavam sentimentos como: medo, ansiedade, diminuição da auto-estima e depressão. No campo social, elas têm receio em relação ao preconceito da mutilação que a mastectomia prova nelas e na sociedade. Apesar de todas as implicações representadas identificou-se com aplicação do BDI que essas mulheres apresentavam quadros leves de depressão e a maioria não apresentavam. Conclui-se, portanto, que a neoplasia mamaria e a mastectomia são responsáveis por um grande impacto na vida dessas mulheres e que o apoio da família, dos amigos e do companheiro, juntamente com a fé em Deus, as ajuda a superar as dificuldades.

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Adam, Carole. "Emotions : from psychological theories to logical formalization and implementation in BDI agent". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2007. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000513/.

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Cette thèse s'intéresse aux émotions, et plus particulièrement à leur formalisation logique. La première partie est consacrée à l'état de l'art, du point de vue de la psychologie (exposé d'un historique des théories des émotions) et de l'informatique (présentation d'agents émotionnels et de leurs applications). La deuxième partie est consacrée à la formalisation logique des émotions. Elle introduit le formalisme logique utilisé, expose et argumente les définitions formelles de vingt émotions, et démontre certaines de leurs propriétés. Enfin la troisième partie est consacrée aux applications pratiques de ce travail et aux perspectives de continuation. Un tel travail apporte plusieurs contributions : il offre à la communauté agent un modèle formel d'un grand ensemble d'émotions ; il montre l'intérêt des logiques BDI ; enfin il ouvre des perspectives de recherche sur la dynamique des émotions et leur influence sur le comportement des agents, un domaine encore peu exploré
This thesis is about emotions, and more particularly about their logical formalization. The first part is dedicated to the state of the art, from the point of view of both psychology (history of theories of emotions) and computer science (presentation of emotional agents and their applications). The second aprt is dedicated to the logical formalisation of emotions. It introduces our logical framework, exposes and argues the formal definitions of twenty emotions, and proves some of their properties. Finally the last part is dedicated to practical applications and continuation prospects of this work. Such a work offers interesting contributions: it offers to the agent community a formal model of a great number of emotions; it shows the interest of BDI logics; and it opens research prospects about the dynamics of emotions and their influence on the behaviour of agents, a field not much explored for now

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Karim, Samim M. R. "Acquiring plans within situated resource-bounded agents : a hybrid BDI-based approach /". Connect to thesis, 2009. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/4865.

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