Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Basel Confession”
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Abbas, Aswin, i Faiz Naufal Asrul. "The Students’ Confession Toward Teacher Techniques in Teaching English". Ethical Lingua: Journal of Language Teaching and Literature 7, nr 2 (26.10.2020): 353–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.30605/25409190.224.
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Confession contributes to the effectiveness and motivation both students and teachers. It invites the students’ participation in determining the good technique for the best teacher. This research deals with students’ confession toward teacher technique in teaching based on gender. The objective of the research is try to elaborate how is the students’ confession on different gender, male and female in teaching. This research analyzed qualitatively where the subject takes from Senior High School 3 Palopo, 40 samples take which is confessing 10 male and 13 female teachers. After doing an interview, found that there are some confessions toward Gender teacher technique in teaching, they are both male and female get positive confessions, Male teachers get 36 confessions with good managing confessing (9) is the highest where correlated to the topic is a few or only 2 stdents confessed. Female teachers get 39 confessions with good managing confessing about 7 students assumed it and it is the highest. Furthermore, motivated confession only 2 confessing, and the last is female teachers get higher confession than male.
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Tomczak, Robert T. "Polish and Lithuanian Students at the University of Basel from the Sixteenth to the Seventeenth Century". AUC HISTORIA UNIVERSITATIS CAROLINAE PRAGENSIS 63, nr 1 (14.02.2024): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/23365730.2023.23.
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This article examines the question of the participation of students from Poland and Lithuania in the academic life in Basel from the fifteenth to the seventeenth centuries. Because the article is a prosopographic study, the group of surveyed students is presented in the context of their ethnicity, territorial and social origins, confession and field of studies. Two figures from Poland (Jan Osmólski and Marcin Chmielecki) most distinguished for intellectual contacts with Basel are also presented.
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Plotnikova, Anna A. "MENTOR AND PARISHIONERS. DYNAMICS OF COMMUNICATION. BASED ON FIELD MATERIALS FROM LATGALE". Studia Religiosa Rossica: Russian Journal of Religion, nr 2 (2021): 50–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2658-4158-2021-2-50-65.
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The researcher focuses on the communication processes between the mentor of an Old Believers community and the Old Believers during the general and personal confessions in the prayer house. The work is based on oral narratives recorded in the expeditions to the Old Believers of Latgale in 2016–2017. Among them there are stories about the order and time of general confession (penance), about the origin of a number of prohibitions and the peculiarities of observing the Old Believers’ prescriptions in a multinational and different confessional environment, about the connection with both the pagan ideas of the Slavs about the world around them, and with the realities of the present time.
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Choi, Kwangsun. "Effect of an Exchange of Causes of Action and a Confession: Focusing on the Supreme Court's April 22, 1997 decision in No. 95DA10204". Korea Association of the Law of Civil Procedure 28, nr 1 (28.02.2024): 223–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30639/cp.2024.2.28.1.223.
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This case involved a confession by the defendant to the claims asserted by the plaintiff in the first action. The plaintiff filed a new complaint and dismissed the old complaint through an exchangeable change of claim. The key point of the judgment in this case was that the defendant's confession was extinguished by the plaintiff's withdrawal of the complaint. While the main legal reasoning of this case is reasonable, there are a few more points to consider.
First, the concept of revocation of a confession should be replaced with the concept of lapse of a confession. In this case, the confessing individual is not extinguishing his confession for reasons that would otherwise be attributable to himself. The confession was extinguished because of the exchangeable change of claim, which should be viewed as an effect of lapse of confession.
Second, if the confessor relied on the confession as a defense in a lawsuit before the exchangeable change of claim, it does not extinguish the prior trial confession. This is because the act of procedure has already been formed based on the trial confession and it is necessary to ensure legal stability. It is also noted that the opposite party's consent to the exchangeable change of claim does not include consent to the revocation of the confession, unless there are special circumstances.
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Aster, I. V. "Social Teaching of Confessional Organizations in Russia". Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Political Science and Religion Studies 46 (2023): 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2073-3380.2023.46.100.
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The modern social practice of confessional organizations in Russia is characterized by multifunctionality, here you can get various types of services: spiritual help, material, psychological, socio-pedagogical, labor, etc. The following processes are intensively taking place: 1) the formation of the activities of certain religious groups and organizations specializing in the performance of confessional social work; 2) legitimation of the system of norms and rules on which the territorial social practice of various confessions is based. In this article, the author analyzes the social teachings of traditional religions in Russia. The author examines the social program documents prepared by the traditional religions of Russia (Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Buddhism) over the past few decades. This comparative analysis allows us to identify not only the specifics of the social doctrine of a particular confession, but also the general / special in the goal-setting and direction of social practice. The goals and motives of social service in confessions differ, and the main directions of social practice of helping the population also differ. However, there are no differences in understanding the role and place of a religious organization in contemporary Russian social service.
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Gudjonsson, Gisli H. "Unreliable Confessions and Miscarriages of Justice in Britain". International Journal of Police Science & Management 4, nr 4 (październik 2002): 332–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1350/ijps.4.4.332.10880.
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Miscarriages of justice are sometimes caused by confessions, which are coerced by the police or result from suspects' psychological vulnerabilities during custody and interrogation. In recent years there has been considerable research into police interviewing, psychological vulnerability, and false confessions. This paper summarises the salient British research and reviews briefly 23 high-profile murder cases where convictions based on confession evidence have been quashed on appeal between 1989 and 2002. In over half the cases the appellant's psychological vulnerability, rather than coercive or oppressive interviewing, rendered the confession unreliable. The review of the cases demonstrates that relevant psychological research and expert testimony in cases of disputed confessions have had profound influence on the practice and ruling of the Court of Appeal and the House of Lords. The cases presented in this paper show that it is wrong to assume that only persons with learning disability or those who are mentally ill make unreliable or false confessions. Personality factors are often important in rendering a confession unreliable.
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Kassin, Saul M. "False Confessions". Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences 1, nr 1 (październik 2014): 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2372732214548678.
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In recent years, DNA exoneration cases have shed light on the problem of false confessions and the wrongful convictions that result. Drawing on basic psychological principles and methods, an extensive body of research has focused on the psychology of confessions. This article describes the processes of interrogation by which police assess whether a suspect is lying or telling the truth and the techniques used to elicit confessions from those deemed deceptive. The problem of false confessions emphasizes personal and situational factors that put innocent people at risk in the interrogation room. Turning from the causes of false confessions to their consequences, research shows that confession evidence can bias juries, judges, lay witnesses, and forensic examiners. Finally, empirically based proposals for the reform of policy and practice include a call for the mandatory video recording of interrogations, blind testing in forensic crime labs, and use of confession experts in court.
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Mercier, Hugo, Anne-Sophie Hacquin i Nicolas Claidière. "Being Easy to Communicate Might Make Verdicts Based on Confessions More Legitimate". Journal of Cognition and Culture 21, nr 3-4 (14.10.2021): 203–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685373-12340104.
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Abstract In many judicial systems, confessions are a requirement for criminal conviction. Even if confessions are intrinsically convincing, this might not entirely explain why they play such a paramount role. In addition, it has been suggested that confessions owe their importance to their legitimizing role, explaining why they could be required even when other evidence has convinced a judge. But why would confessions be particularly suited to justify verdicts? One possibility is that they can be more easily transmitted from one individual to the next, and thus spread in the population without losing their convincingness. 360 English-speaking participants were asked to evaluate the convincingness of one of three justifications for a verdict, grounded either in a confession, eyewitnesses, or circumstantial evidence, and to pass on that justification to another participant, who performed the same task. Then, 240 English-speaking participants evaluated the convincingness of some of the justifications produced by the first group of participants. Compared to the other justifications, justifications based on confessions lost less of their convincingness in the transmission process (small to medium effect sizes). Modeling pointed to the most common forms the justifications would take as they are transmitted, and results showed that the most common variant of the justification based on a confession was more convincing (small to medium effect sizes).
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Samoilova, Marianna B., i Nina A. Ranneva. "Everyday Life Confession in the Existential Discourse: Features of the Genre (on the Basis of the Story by A.P. Chekhov “The Lights”)". Proceedings of Southern Federal University. Philology 25, nr 3 (30.09.2021): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/1995-0640-2021-3-21-29.
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Existential discourse in a literary text reflects the characters search for an experience of ontological meanings. Existential communication is characterized by the desire of communicants to define accurately the concepts and associatively represent experiences and emotions. Emotional accuracy in reasoning and defining concepts in the speech of the characters is achieved by the author’s skill in creating artistic images. The structure of existential discourse is characterized by the formulation of the question to which the characters must find the answer, based on their own or someone else’s life experience and knowledge, comparing this life situation with precedent phenomena, texts, events, referring to precedent names, building logical chains, proving or refuting statements. The purpose of this study is to analyze the speech genre of the everyday life confession in the existential discourse presented in A.P. Chekhov’s story “The Lights”. Confession is always an emotional shock, because the confessor experiences again the sense of guilt and shame for the evil he has done. The essence of confession is the reflection which results in selfcondemnation and remorse. The confessional tone of the character’s speech allows the author to create his image and generalize his personal experience, deducing philosophical maxims and aphorisms from it. The powerful emotional message of the confession leaves in the memory of the interlocutor the image of a specific suffering person and evokes sympathy. The everyday life confession here is a tactic of speech influence and at the same time an argument confirming the validity of the confessor’s philosophical maxims, since his very worldview has been suffered.
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Mao, Yilin. "False Confessions: An Analysis using MAC Theory". Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 8 (7.02.2023): 1299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ehss.v8i.4475.
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False confessions have only been successfully recognized and detected in recent years. However, the wide-scale recognition did not bring out a reduction in the frequency of false confession occurrences as no known policies were created in an attempt to eliminate them. Even more recently, morality-as-cooperation was theorized in an attempt to categorize morality into more measurable and graspable principles. Previous research focused on categorizing and understanding the surface causes of false confessions. Based on previous research, it can be concluded that the confession choices were made by the confessors themselves, raising questions about the evaluation process. This article attempts to understand the action of false confessions from a moral standpoint by applying the concept of false confessions to the morality-as-cooperation theory. Putting together this literature review, it’s indicated that almost all false confessions can be explained as the violation of morality-as-cooperation subprinciples including kinship, mutualism, reciprocity, division, and dovishness. The timely situation heavily influences individuals’ decision of whether or not to violate their morality to tell a costly lie.
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Bursell, Rupert D. H. "The Seal of the Confessional". Ecclesiastical Law Journal 2, nr 7 (lipiec 1990): 84–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956618x00000958.
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The seal of the confessional was part of the canon law applied in England before the Reformation. It was also part of that law which was continued in force at the Reformation, as is confirmed by the proviso to canon 113 of the 1603 Canons. This proviso is still in force and proprio vigore binds the clergy of the Church of England. By the Act of Uniformity, 1662, the hearing of confessions was enjoined upon those clergy in certain circumstances; the law places no limit upon the frequency of their being heard. It is unsurprising that there are infrequent references to the seal of the confessional since the Reformation; such cases as there are are inconclusive. Nevertheless, although the seal of the confessional may be waived by the penitent, the refusal by an Anglican clergyman to disclose what was said within sacramental confession is based upon a duty imposed on him by the ecclesiastical law rather than upon an evidential privilege. An Anglican clergyman in breach of that duty would be in grave danger of censure by the ecclesiastical courts and such censure might well lead to his deprivation and possible deposition from Holy Orders. The ecclesiastical law is part of the general law of the land and must be applied in both the ecclesiastical and secular courts. Both courts must therefore enforce that clerical duty and uphold any refusal by an Anglican clergyman to answer questions in breach of the seal of the confessional.
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Balakshina, Julia V. "“Author’s Confessionˮ by N.V. Gogol: Problems of Commenting". Studia Litterarum 7, nr 3 (2022): 364–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2500-4247-2022-7-3-364-385.
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The article addresses the issues of commenting on N.V. Gogol’s prose of the 1840s. The focus is on “Author’s Confession.ˮ Unfinished and unpublished during the writer’s lifetime, the text was later entitled by S.P. Shevyryov. A number of common problems in how today’s readership comprehends the Russian classics are pointed out, more specifically, the changes in the cultural horizon and the renunciation of universalizing interpretations. The article highlights specific features of Gogol’s late prose, defined by a turning-point in his religious belief and creative work, namely aiming at a direct dialogue with the reader, strengthening the elements of preaching and confession, self-commenting on one’s own texts, emphasizing the symbolic and mysterious nature of the word. The author suggests assumptions on how these features can be conveyed using the commentary apparatus and offers a detailed analysis of two commentary problems, based on “Author’s Confession.ˮ Firstly, the article discusses how fiction elements are introduced into the autodocumentary text; secondly, it shows how the text correlates with the writer’s epistolary heritage. Conclusions demonstrate the specific genre nature of “Author’s Confession.ˮ The article outlines the approaches and techniques of transforming an epistolary text into a public one. These observations and conclusions can be used in preparing “Author’s Confessionˮ for publication as part of the complete works of N.V. Gogol.
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Ostrowicka, Helena. "Wyznania, Rousseau i dyskurs edukacyjny – zarys badań w perspektywie (post)foucaultowskiej". Problemy Wczesnej Edukacji 29, nr 2 (30.06.2015): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0008.5659.
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The paper takes into consideration the Foucauldian concept of confession as an analytical category attractive for educational research. The article consists of three parts. Part one, based on Michel Foucault’s lectures at the Collége de France and “The History of Sexuality”, contains definitions of the key concepts: “the regime of truth” and “the regime of confession”. Part two provides an overview of selected studies in which the category of confession was used in the analyses of contemporary education. The last part refers to the Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s “Confessions” and presents selected aspects of research on educational discourse in the light of the concept of confession.
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Onoja, Esa O. "The Relationship between the Constitutional Right to Silence and Confessions in Nigeria". African Journal of Legal Studies 6, nr 2-3 (21.03.2014): 189–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17087384-12342032.
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Abstract The extraction of confessions from suspects under torture by security agents is a notorious fact in Nigeria. Ironically, the Constitution of the country guarantees a right to silence, but courts in Nigeria predicate the admissibility of confessions on the common law-based Judges Rules and Evidence Act 2011 without linking it to the constitutionally guaranteed right to silence. This article reviews the legal rules on the admissibility of confessions in Nigeria and contends that without attaching constitutional flavour to the admissibility of confessions, the legislature and the courts in Nigeria unwittingly water the ground for the systemic extraction of confession from suspects in custody in Nigeria. The article suggests that the courts in the country consider the implication of the guarantee of the right to silence in the country’s constitution in the determination of the admissibility of confessions to promote fair trial in criminal cases in the country.
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Yamanaka, Nobuhiko. "Prototype-based pragmatics of confessing". International Review of Pragmatics 16, nr 1 (5.02.2024): 110–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18773109-01601005.
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Abstract This paper discusses a subtype of the speech act of confessing, namely, telling something which the speaker assumes to be unknown to the hearer and damaging to him/herself. Based on Coleman and Kay (1981), a prototype of that subtype is hypothesised and cases lacking in any of its elements are illustrated. Further, the prototypical scenario proposed in Lakoff (1987) is applied to the speech act of confessing to describe all the processes and effects of confessing. The data consist of confessional scenes played by characters in literary works either written in or translated into English.
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Shadrina, Alla V. "Belief in Rostov Oblast in 1944-1960". IZVESTIYA VUZOV SEVERO-KAVKAZSKII REGION SOCIAL SCIENCE, nr 4 (216) (28.12.2022): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/2687-0770-2022-4-82-90.
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Based on the analysis of a set of clerical records from the fund of the Plenipotentiary Board for Religious Cults at the Rostov Oblast Council of People’s Commissars, this article analyzes the state of the Old Believers’ religious organizations on the territory of Rostov Oblast in the period from 1944 to 1960. During the years of fascist occupation, the Old Believers’ communities, as well as other religious organizations in Rostov Oblast and in the USSR, began opening churches and meetinghouses. From the various Old Believers’ confessions which ceased to exist in the Don region in the 1930s, only the Old Believers of the Belaya Krinitsa confession and the Bespopovtsy recommenced their divine service. After the Board for Religious Cults had been established in Rostov Oblast, there were registered 4 churches and meetinghouses of the Belaya Krinitsa confession believers and 2 meetinghouses of the Bespopovtsy. Due to the establishment of the Donetsk-Don and Caucasus Eparchy, the churches of the Belaya Krinitsa confession became subordinated to the eparchial power and got their priesthood with no obstructions. During the war and in the post-war period, priests of both the Old Believers accepting the hierarchy and the Bespopovtsy had their origins in the Old Be-lievers’ community but did not have any special seminary education. Unlike the Belaya Krinitsa confession, some Bespopovtsian communities with small groups of parishioners became exclusively established round individual canon setters. After they died, their churches became dissociated and lost registration. The confession institutionalization for the Belaya Krinitsa hierarchy became the governing factor for the development of this specific Old Believers’ movement and for gradual decay of various Bespopovtsian confessions which had been widely spread in the Don region in the pre-revolutionary period.
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Klein, Christoph. "The Reformer Johannes Honterus and Orthodoxy: “Early Ecumenism”". Review of Ecumenical Studies Sibiu 9, nr 3 (1.12.2017): 445–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ress-2017-0030.
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Abstract On the occasion of the commemoration of 500 years since the Reformation, this article, entitled “Reformation and Orthodoxy”, calls attention to the personality of Johannes Honterus (1497-1549), the Lutheran reformer of the Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Transylvania, and reviews his relationship to Orthodoxy, a relationship which may be referred to as “Early Ecumenism”. Johannes Honterus, one of the most important personalities of the Transylvanian Saxons, was an outstanding scholar who had studied in Vienna, Krakow, Regensburg and Basel. He became the founder of the first school and the first publishing house in Brasov (Kronstadt), and – as Senior Pastor – was the reformer of his native town and eventually all of Transylvania (1547). Honterus had close contacts to Christian-Orthodox Romanians from surrounding areas, and in his publishing house not only Latin, Greek and German textbooks were published, as well as the two most important works about the Reformation in Brasov and the whole of Transylvania, but also – about 1540 –, among others, the so called Christian-Orthodox „Edition of Nilus“, with extracts from the Greek Patristic Literature by Evaragius Ponticus, Gregory of Nazianz and Thalassus. His dialogue with Orthodox visitors to his town inspired his work for the Lutheran Reformation among the Transylvanian Saxons. From 1556 to 1583, Honterus had in his publishing house the most important Orthodox publisher of the 16th century, Deacon Coresi. This “early ecumenism” became the basis for the well-known tradition of religious tolerance in Transylvania.
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Kovalchuk, Olha. "Modeling the risks of the confession process of the accused of criminal offenses based on survival concept". Scientific journal of the Ternopil national technical university 108, nr 4 (2022): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33108/visnyk_tntu2022.04.027.
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Based on statistical survival analysis, the assessment and forecasting of the risks of pleading guilty to criminal offenses in conditions of incomplete data are carried out. Risk function is constructed to estimate the probability of confession of suspects at certain stages (time periods) of the trial. The Kaplan-Meier model is applied to calculate the chances of obtaining confession evidence after the end of the trial in criminal proceedings. Differences in the decision to admit guilt for two groups of defendants: in the commission of a criminal offense by one person and a group of persons are investigated. Cox regression model is constructed to establish the interconnection between the stages of the pre-trial investigation, at which the accused gives confessions, with the duration of the investigation and the method of prosecution.
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Rizzelli, Lucrezia, Saul Kassin i Tammy Gales. "Language of Criminal Confessions". Wrongful Conviction Law Review 2, nr 3 (15.12.2021): 205–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/wclawr58.
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Confession evidence is powerfully persuasive, and yet many wrongful convictions involving false confessions have surfaced in recent years (Innocence Project, 2021; National Registry of Exonerations, 2021). Although police are trained to corroborate admissions of guilt, research shows that most false confessions contain accurate details and other content cues suggesting credibility as well as extrinsic evidence of guilt. Hence, a method is needed to help distinguish true and false confessions. In this study, we utilized a corpus-based approach to outline the linguistic features of two sets of confessions: those that are presumed true (n = 98) and those that have been proven false (n = 37). After analyzing the two corpora in LIWC (Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count) to identify significant categories, we created a logistic regression model that distinguished the two corpora based on three identified predictors: personal pronouns, impersonal pronouns, and conjunctions. In a first sample comprised of 25 statements per set, the model correctly categorized 37 out of 50 confessions (74%); in a second out-of-model sample, the predictors accurately classified 20 of 24 confessions (83.3%). A high frequency of impersonal pronouns was associated with confessions proven false, while a high frequency of conjunctions and personal pronouns were associated with confessions presumed to be true. Several patterns were observed in the corpora. In the latter set of confessions, for example, “I” was often followed by a lexical verb, a pattern less frequent in false confessions. Although these data are preliminary and not to be used for practical diagnostic purposes, the findings suggest that additional research is warranted.
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Kizenko, Nadieszda. "Ruthenian and Russian Innovations in the Sacrament of Penance and their Early Eighteenth-Century Consequences". ВИВЛIОθИКА: E-Journal of Eighteenth-Century Russian Studies 10 (15.12.2022): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21900/j.vivliofika.v10.1140.
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Orthodox Christian approaches to the sacrament of penance in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries are a story of adaptation, reception, and sometimes unintended consequences. In the middle of the seventeenth century, Ruthenian theologians like Metropolitan Petro Mohyla, Ioannikii Haliatovskyi, and Innokentii Gizel’ adapted what they thought useful from the confessional diversity of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth into Orthodox practice. Faced with a different set of challenges, contemporary Moscow-based clerics, including Patriarch Nikon, decided to adapt many of these confession-related changes for their own purposes. In the eighteenth century, Ruthenian hierarchs including Dymytrii Tuptalo and Teofan Prokopovych, alternately emphasized or instrumentalized such notions as the secrecy (‘seal’) of the confession that would become foundational in the Russian empire. The approaches to the sacrament of penance at the turn of the eighteenth century—simultaneously constitutive and transformational—are thus a curious case of histoire croisée, with shape-shifting intercrossing at multiple national and confessional levels.
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Yakovleva, Zhanna V. "Confessional diversity of the Saratov Volga region of the 1930s". Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series: History. International Relations 21, nr 1 (25.03.2021): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1819-4907-2021-21-1-116-121.
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Based on the population census and archival materials, the article examines the confessional diversity of the Saratov Volga region in the late 1920s – early 1940s. Orthodoxy prevailed in this territory, however, a characteristic feature of regional life has always been polyconfessionalism, due to historical and geopolitical factors. In the article, the author characterizes the confessional space of the Saratov Volga region and gives a quantitative ratio of various confessions.
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Fahnøe, Kristian. "Bekendelsesformer i gruppeterapi for alkoholmisbrugere. En interaktionistisk analyse af en magtteknik". Dansk Sociologi 27, nr 1 (19.02.2016): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/dansoc.v27i1.5128.
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Denne artikel undersøger interaktionen mellem deltagerne i gruppeterapi på en døgninstitution for alkoholmisbrugere. Dette sker med udgangspunkt i et analytisk begrebsapparat baseret på en sammentænkning af Foucaults magtanalytik (1982, 2008) og Goffmans rolleanalyse (1967, 1992). Begrebsapparatet muliggør analyser af magtudøvelser forstået som magtteknikker, der formes i ansigt-til-ansigt-interaktion. Tilgangen sætter fokus på mangfoldigheden i måderne, hvorpå magtteknikker og modstand udfoldes, ligesom der åbnes for analyser af magtens forskellige effekter. Tilgangen søger derved en nuanceret forståelse af, hvordan mennesker formes igennem specifikke magtudøvelser. Artiklens analyse undersøger gruppeterapien som en magtteknik, der er baseret på beboernes bekendelser. Analysen fremanalyserer tre bekendelsesformer, hvor magtteknikken udfoldes, og forskellige modstandsformer indgår. Bekendelsesformerne indebærer forskellige forsøg på at forandre klienterne. Afhængigt af klienternes modstandsformer varierer socialarbejdernes tilgang til bekendelsen mellem en positivt støttende og en konfrontativ tilgang. I forlængelse heraf demonstrerer artiklen, at modstandsformerne, der er rettet mod forskellige aspekter af bekendelserne, til tider begrænser bekendelsen som magtteknik til at forandre individet. Endeligt viser artiklen, hvordan klienterne, i kraft af deres måde at indgå i bekendelserne, skabes som subjekter på forskellig vis.
ENGELSK ABSTRACT:
Kristian Fahnøe: Confessions in Group Therapy for Alcohol Abusers. An Interaction Based Analysis of a Power Technique
This article explores group therapy at an inpatient treatment facility for alcoholics. Based on an analytical approach which combines Foucault’s work on power (1982, 2008) with Goffman’s interactionism (1967, 1992), it analyses group therapy sessions as a power technique that is shaped through the face-to-face interaction between the participants. The analytical approach entails an exploration of the various ways power techniques are exercised in practice and their resulting effects. As such, the approach provides a nuanced understanding of how individuals are molded through specific acts of power. The approach is also able to highlight the entwinement of power and knowledge. The analysis explores group therapy as a power technique based on confessions given by the clients. Focusing on three forms of confession, the analysis demonstrates how the forms of confession involve both acts of power and resistance. These forms of confession entail different efforts to change the clients in which the social workers’ involvements span from appreciative to confrontational. The acts of resistance target various elements of the confession and shape the exercise of the power technique. This means that clients are shaped as various subjects depending on how they engage in the confessions.
Keywords: power, social work, substance abuse treatment, Foucault, Goffman.
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Moffa, Morgan S., i Judith Platania. "Effects of Expert Testimony and Interrogation Tactics on Perceptions of Confessions". Psychological Reports 100, nr 2 (kwiecień 2007): 563–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.100.2.563-570.
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Evidence obtained through the process of interrogation is frequently undermined by what can be perceived as overzealous interrogation tactics. Although the majority of psychologically oriented tactics are legally permissible, they nonetheless contribute to innocent suspects confessing to crimes they did not commit. The present study examined the effect of expert testimony and interrogation tactics on perceptions of a confession. 182 undergraduates read a transcript of a homicide trial that varied based on interrogation tactic: implicit threat of punishment (maximization) or leniency (minimization) and expert witness testimony (presence or absence of expert testimony). Analysis indicated that the type of interrogation tactic used in obtaining the confession affected participants' perceptions of the coerciveness of the interrogation process.
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Dean, Jay. "Confessions of a Tyro Translator". Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 31, nr 4 (1.01.1985): 242–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.31.4.26dea.
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Wang, Yow-Jiun. "Tabloid female sex confessions and everyday pro-sex feminism: The case of the Apple Daily Taiwan". Sexualities 24, nr 1-2 (30.03.2020): 208–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363460720904637.
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This article construes the reader-contributed female sex confessions of a Taiwanese tabloid newspaper as contingent cultural instruments, looking into how these confessions are implicated in the formulation of sex-positive feminism. The confessional discourse is interpreted as autobiographical acts with dialogic overtones. The article argues that the highly commercial and communal form of the tabloid confessions fortuitously facilitates positive discourse of female sexuality in a society in transition. It is demonstrated that part of the pro-sex feminism promoted by cultural elites, especially post-feminist discourse of entitlement, is echoed in the confessions. However, dealing with life situations of ordinary people, the community-based tabloid feminism differs from the model discourses in its pragmatism. Although female sexual desires are fully justified, they are balanced in consideration of other necessities, such as security, stability, or romantic love.
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Gavrilović, Danijela, i Dragana Stjepanović-Zaharijevski. "Religious, confessional, and ethnic affiliation as factors of identification and self-identification". Socioloski godisnjak, nr 4 (2009): 93–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/socgod0904093g.
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The findings presented in this text are based on the data collected in the empirical research called "Cultural Orientations, Ethnic Distance and Culture of Peace in Serbia and the Balkans". The starting premise was that religious, confessional and ethnic identification is an important factor in self-identification, and identification of the subjects. Namely, confession, as well as religious and ethnic affilliation give meaning to human existence and perception of other people as members of gruops, which can be evaluated differently depending on these factors. Religious, confessional, and ethnic affilliation were treated as independent variables, whereas self-identification and identification were treated as dependent variables.
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Russano, Melissa B., Christian A. Meissner, Fadia M. Narchet i Saul M. Kassin. "Investigating True and False Confessions Within a Novel Experimental Paradigm". Psychological Science 16, nr 6 (czerwiec 2005): 481–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0956-7976.2005.01560.x.
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The primary goal of the current study was to develop a novel experimental paradigm with which to study the influence of psychologically based interrogation techniques on the likelihood of true and false confessions. The paradigm involves guilty and innocent participants being accused of intentionally breaking an experimental rule, or “cheating.” In the first demonstration of this paradigm, we explored the influence of two common police interrogation tactics: minimization and an explicit offer of leniency, or a “deal.” Results indicated that guilty persons were more likely to confess than innocent persons, and that the use of minimization and the offer of a deal increased the rate of both true and false confessions. Police investigators are encouraged to avoid interrogation techniques that imply or directly promise leniency, as they appear to reduce the diagnostic value of any confession that is elicited.
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Gontarek, Arkadiusz. "Treści ideowe polskich nowożytnych konfesjonałów jako wyraz potrydenckiego nauczania Kościoła". Artifex Novus, nr 3 (1.10.2019): 96–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/an.7066.
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SUMMARY
The issue of the presence of confessionals in the interior of the post-Trent church has not yet been addressed by Polish researchers. Brief references in encyclopaedic or dictionary works focus primarily on the evolution of the form of furniture. Therefore, this text will be an attempt to extract the wealth of ideological content, which has so far been omitted or treated marginally, and which is carried by old Polish confessionals. The proposed study includes confessionals located within the borders of today’s Poland and dating back to the 17th and 18th centuries, on which there are paintings or woodcarving images of penitents and confession patrons (sometimes enriched with text), as well as emblematic representations – a total of about 140 modern confessionals in not quite 60 towns and cities. The decoration of “penitential furniture”, as permanent elements of the church’s furnishings, harmonised closely with its whole interior design. On the one hand, it was supposed to complement it, and on the other, it was supposed to be a transmitter of autonomous content. They wereaddressed not only to penitents (e.g. through the presence of images of converted expiators), but also to confessors (images of martyrs of the mystery of confession). Considering the form of the confessional and its iconographic setting in a broader context, it is necessary to indicate the points which expressed the Catholic Church’s response to the errors of the Reformation. This includes the need for individual sacramental confession, based on the apostolic succession, the ruthless presence of a clergyman forgiving sins with the “power of the keys” and the negation of predestination emphasising the truth that man himself consciously chooses good or evil. The ideational richness of the confessional was also greatly influenced by the fact that the three sacraments were concentrated in the confessional: it was the place where one of them was celebrated and the necessary point on the way to receive the Eucharist, at the same time as the necessary presence of an ordained priest. The aim of this article is, therefore, to look at the modern confessional who, in its formal and content layer, visually realises – on an equal footing with other elements of the church’s equipment – the counter-reformation doctrine of the postTrent Church.
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Doty, Kathleen L., i Risto Hiltunen. "“I will tell, I will tell”". Journal of Historical Pragmatics 3, nr 2 (3.06.2002): 299–335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jhp.3.2.07dot.
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This study focuses on the records of confessions by individuals accused of witchcraft in Salem in 1692, both those presented in direct discourse and in reported discourse. We analyze the material from two viewpoints: the pragmatic features of the discourse and narrative structure and function. The data consists of 29 individual records, with eight cases selected for closer scrutiny. The records span the period from March through September 1692. In the pragmatic analysis we study the question and answer patterns from the point of view of the examiners and the accused. The analysis of narrative patterns is based on Labov’s work in oral narratives. It provides a multilayered approach to understanding both the structure of the confessions and the spread of the witchcraft hysteria in Salem. The categories of orientation and complicating action reveal that each confession presents a vivid representation of the devil, the accused, and the sociohistorical context.
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Arsenina, O. V. "INTEGRATION OF CHRISTIAN PRACTICES OF SOCIAL SERVICE IN THE SPACE OF INTERFAITH DIALOGUE: OPPORTUNITIES AND PROSPECTS". Intelligence. Innovations. Investment, nr 6 (2020): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.25198/2077-7175-2020-6-87.
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The article considers the possibility of integrating the practices of social charitable service of Christian confessions into the inter-confessional dialogue. The phenomenon of «social service» is considered as a developed objectivity of Being, «interfaith dialogue» as an objectivity of becoming available for reflexive penetration of the Dialogue. Constructive inclusion of interfaith dialogue in the problems of social service can become a source of new ideas and philosophical reflection. The relevance of this problem lies in the creative search and justification of adequate ways to include in the discourse of interfaith dialogue topical issues of social service practices of Christian denominations: generating and promoting new forms of assistance, sharing experience, communication, etc. The purpose of the article is to study the potentials of interfaith dialogue in the optimization of social service practices. The author’s task is to show that the experience of serving Christian confessions, focused on the formation of common value-semantic bases, and its communicative processes, goes beyond the understanding of the phenomenon of «social service», only as a tool of religious experience. The article presents a discursive analysis of the possibility of including interfaith dialogue in the issues of social practices of charitable service. The practical significance lies in the application of the research results to the activities of Church institutions, the development of specialized methods for building an interfaith dialogue on the practices of charitable service of Christian denominations. The results of the study may be of interest for practical application. A discursive analysis of the possibility of including inter-confessional dialogue in the social practices of charitable service is presented. The scientific ideas on effective methods and techniques of inter-confessional dialogue are studied, and its socially significant futures are presented. It is shown that among the obstacles to achieving inter-confessional dialogue on issues of social service of Christian confessions may be orthodox confessional paradigm and worldview, for example, endeavor the desire of its participants for a monopoly on truth, as well as the conviction of the exclusivity of their faith and its superiority over others. Therefore, inter-confessional dialogue can only be considered unfulfilled if it carries into the discourse of dogmatics. This goal was solved using methods of philosophical reflection, dialectical and discursive analysis, phenomenological and systematic approaches. The scientific novelty lies in the proposed concept of development of interconfessional dialogue in improving the social service of religious organizations, through the development of interaction. It is noted that social service can be a «field of cooperation» of communities of different confessions. Theoretical and practical conclusions of the obvious prospects for the development of interfaith dialogue are formulated. The article can be useful for training specialists of higher Education institutions studying in the Humanities.
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Avdeev, Evgenii, i Sergej Vorobev. "SOCIO-CULTURAL BASES OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS STUDENT YOUTH IDENTITY: RISKS OF CONFLICT IN INTER-ETHNIC RELATIONS". Political Expertise: POLITEX 19, nr 1 (2023): 4–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu23.2023.101.
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The article considers the sociocultural foundations of the Russian, ethnic, confessional and regional identity of the North Caucasus student youth. The influence of the formation and positivity of these identities on the nature of interethnic relations, the social distance between main ethno-confessional groups and the risks of conflicting identities is analyzed. The results of sociological survey in 2022 showed a high degree of severity and positivity of the sociocultural foundations of the Russian, ethnic and regional identity. Significant variability was found in the importance of emotional and psychological connection with the main social groups (ethnos, confession, country, region) varied from one ethnic group to another. These unifying sociocultural meanings-symbols occupy an important place in the structure of the Russian identity of young people. Among youth, attitudes towards interethnic harmony, tolerance, interaction and integration prevail. The social distance between students who identify themselves with the main ethno-confessional groups is insignificant. Respondents' assessments confirm the trend towards depoliticization of ethnicity and a decrease in the conflict nature of the main macro-group identities. At the same time, the conflictogenic potential of the sociocultural foundations of young people's self-awareness is preserved.
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Csepregi, Zoltán. "Die reformatorischen Bekenntnisse in Ungarn und Siebenbürgen (1545–1572)". Journal of Early Modern Christianity 8, nr 1 (1.04.2021): 47–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jemc-2021-2004.
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Abstract Originally, the local confessions served to account for the religious and secular authorities in matters of religion. They also formed a written basis for the legal unification of the affected communities, later they ensured the unity of the pastors in teaching, and finally they offered the community the legal basis for demanding new rights (the primacy or solitude of the denomination) based on old privileges. Over time, other functions were added to the original function of the confessions, so that a complex process of reception emerged. There was a general conception of ‘Catholicity’ that was claimed by the creeds insofar as they referred to the tradition of the Christian church. The interdependence with the theological development in Germany is evident not least from the fact that literary models such as the Confessio Augustana were used to write these texts.
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Черный, Алексей. "«ГОСПОДСТВЕННАЯ ВЛАСТЬ» VS ДУШЕПОПЕЧЕНИЕ: ПРАКТИКА ИСПОВЕДИ В РУССКОЙ ДУХОВНОЙ ТРАДИЦИИ СИНОДАЛЬНОГО ПЕРИОДА". Conversatoria Litteraria, nr 14 (10.07.2020): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.34739/clit.2020.14.06.
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The article attempts to reconstruct various pastoral models that appeared in the history of the Russian Orthodox Church over several centuries. The author identifies several "images" of confession, which are very different, among them: the realization of "despotical" power in a "confessional" family of the sixteenth century, the fulfillment of conscription, deeply personal interaction based on mutual trust and the value of a hierarchical aspect, counseling under the guidance of a "parish elder". The state, depending on the circumstances, either embeds the pastor in itself as a necessary part of its own mechanism, or considers the priesthood as a foreign element, or completely distances itself from religious affairs. The author suggests that the “types” of confession presented in the article can be compared with the forms of pastoral self-consciousness to be found in the modern life of the church. This in turn suggests that in the Russian Church today is characterized by the search for pastoral identity, in which the priesthood plays a key role.
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Rendtorff, Trutz. "Wie christlich wird Europa sein?" Zeitschrift für Evangelische Ethik 36, nr 1 (1.02.1992): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.14315/zee-1992-0114.
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Abstract The article discusses the topic- based upon the confessional situation of Common Europe- under which political conditions the historical stability ofthe profile of confessions in Europe is changing. Further on this topic is beeing discussed with regard to the cultural consequences of Christianity refering to economy, democracy and >>multiculturalism« and it is more concretely explained refering to the speciallegal order of churches. This deals with perspectives and limits of Europe in future.
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Grout, Christopher. "The Seal of the Confessional and the Criminal Law of England and Wales". Ecclesiastical Law Journal 22, nr 2 (maj 2020): 138–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956618x20000034.
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The seal of the confessional is often described as ‘inviolable’. The idea that what is said or done in furtherance of private confession may be subjected to scrutiny as part of litigation is often considered to be absurd. But what is the legal basis for such forthright rejection? The revised Canons of the Church of England do not address the issue at all; instead the matter falls to be covered by the unrepealed proviso to Canon 113 of the Code of 1603. In England and Wales there is no primary legislation which clearly and coherently deals with the question of the admissibility of matters said in private confession before courts and tribunals. Contrast that with the United States of America, where every single state has enacted statutory provisions which provide safeguards to admissibility, albeit to differing degrees. Recent developments in Australia have, conversely, involved the enactment of legislation making it a crime for a priest to withhold, in certain circumstances, matters said to him or her in the course of private confession. In 1990, Judge Bursell QC reviewed the existing case law on the subject (sparse though it is) and found it to be contradictory, with judgments appearing to be based upon personal opinions as opposed to legal analysis. There have been some interesting ‘post-Bursell’ developments, in terms of both legislation and case law, which are discussed in this article. In Ecclesiastical Law, Mark Hill QC suggests that ‘it is likely that a trial judge would exclude evidence of a confession made to a priest’. This article is essentially an analysis of that conclusion with a view to determining whether it is right to assume that, even if not adequately protected by legislation, things said or done in furtherance of private confession are likely to be excluded from secular criminal proceedings.
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Chevallier, Philippe. "The Birth of Confessions of the Flesh". Maynooth Philosophical Papers 11 (2022): 55–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/mpp202222416.
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The posthumous publication, in 2018, of Foucault’s Confessions of the Flesh, volume four of The History of Sexuality, defied expectations, both by his choice of the ancient authors he studied and by his broadening of the problems he explored. Based on the archives kept at the Bibliothèque nationale de France, this article formulates, for the first time, a series of hypotheses concerning the stages in which Foucault composed this ‘Christian’ volume over a period of more than six years. The three moments distinguished here correspond to three different ways of approaching the initial problem, formulated in 1975, of the history of the confession of sexuality. Whereas scholars have hitherto assumed that Foucault abandoned his first project during a long period of doubts or hesitations, the archives show, on the contrary, a continuous and coherent work—which does not exclude major evolutions in terms of the corpus, periods, and themes studied. In particular, over the years Foucault’s project appears increasingly torn between two different histories: a history of confession, which was at the heart of the initial project, and a history of moral experience, which, in an analysis of the self, interiorizes the history of sexuality.
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Сазонова, Наталия Ивановна, i Ольга Анатольевна Райкова. "THE COMMUNICATIVE ASPECT IN EXCURSIONS ON RELIGIOUS STUDIES: THE EXPERIENCE OF TOMSK STATE PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY". Pedagogical Review, nr 6(34) (14.12.2020): 140–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.23951/2307-6127-2020-6-140-151.
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Актуальность проблемы выбора коммуникативной стратегии в религиоведческой экскурсии связана с расширением практики данных экскурсий на современном этапе и их существенной спецификой по сравнению с другими видами экскурсий. Объектом анализа, проводимого на основе опыта Томского государственного педагогического университета, являются возможные варианты таких стратегий. Выявлены коммуникативные стратегии проведения религиоведческой экскурсии, формирующиеся в зависимости от субъекта экскурсионного процесса – экскурсовода, показана их специфика с точки зрения общих подходов и методики работы с аудиторией. Традиционная коммуникативная модель проведения экскурсий оценивается как оптимальная для первичного знакомства обучающихся с религиозной культурой, но недостаточная для глубокого знакомства с конфессией. В этой связи необходимо также привлечение представителей религиозной конфессии, работающих в рамках иной коммуникационной модели, совмещающей глубокое погружение в религиозную культуру и коммуникацию с окружающей культурной средой. Сочетание разных коммуникативных стратегий способствует формированию устойчивого познавательного интереса обучающихся. Материалы статьи могут быть использованы в практике проведения экскурсий на религиоведческую тематику, в учебном процессе высших учебных заведений. The article analyzes the problem of communication between the guide and the audience in excursions on the topic of religious culture. The experience of conducting various types of religious excursions at Tomsk State Pedagogical University is presented: survey and thematic excursions by confessions, the religious component of the city excursion. The specificity of communication is highlighted on excursions conducted by a teacher or guide, and on excursions conducted by a representative of the confession. Methodical approaches typical for each type of excursion are determined, the results are analyzed. The authors identified the limitations characteristic of the traditional communication model based on the understanding of religious culture as an object external to the guide and the group. Such an excursion provides an initial acquaintance with the confession, but is ineffective if a deeper study of religion is required. This problem is caused by the contradiction between the phenomenological approach, which presupposes the study of religion within the framework of its own internal logic, and the externality of the guide in relation to religious culture. The ways of overcoming these limitations through a combination of immersion in a religious culture with external accessibility in relation to this culture are shown. Such a communication model is provided by an excursion led by a representative of the confession, who acts as a mediator, a mediator between the experience of the confession and the cultural environment. The conclusion is made about the system-forming role of the communicative aspect in a religious excursion and its specificity for this type of excursion, the need for different communication models to ensure the cognitive interest of students, including the need to involve representatives of religious confessions in conducting excursions.
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Beauregard, Eric, i Tom Mieczkowski. "From Police Interrogation to Prison". Police Quarterly 15, nr 2 (23.04.2012): 197–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098611112442814.
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The study aimed to examine sex offender characteristics associated with a decision to confess. Based on the analysis of 624 sex offenders, our findings showed that, depending on the type of sex offender, different characteristics are associated with their likelihood of confessing during the police interrogation. Moreover, distinguishing between those who fully confess and those who only confess partially yielded mixed findings. Finally, our results showed that confession was not static and that offender characteristics were associated with a decision to confess once admitted to the prison. The findings are discussed in light of the implications for interrogation strategies.
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Antonovich, Zinaida V. "Archives of dioeces bodies of Christian confessions in Belarus in the late 18th – early 20th century". Journal of the Belarusian State University. History, nr 2 (10.05.2022): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33581/2520-6338-2022-2-20-29.
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The author of the article conducts a comparative analysis of the organisation of the archives of the bodies of administrative-territorial leadership and the spiritual court of Christian denominations in the Belarusian lands in the late 18th – early 20th century. Based on the changes in the regulations, two general periods of development of the consistory’ archives and the Lithuanian Synod are distinguished. It’s connected with the development of the Statute of spiritual consistories for Orthodox and instructions on the records management of consistories for other Christian denominations based on first mentioned in the 1840s. The second period can be divided into stages according to the development of the confessional leadership of each of the confessions. Based on a wide source, the author of the article concludes that archives in the bodies of the confessional leadership of Christian denominations in the late 18th – early 20th century corresponded to the legislation of the Russian Empire, and the attention of the confessional leadership and the scientific community of the 19th – early 20th century allowed to preserve significant documentary complexes of high information potential. The results would help expand the source base and diversify scientific research.
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Smalbrugge, Matthias, i Enrique A. Eguiarte B. "La imagen como modelo hermenéutico en el libro décimo de ‘Confesiones’". Augustinus 60, nr 236 (2015): 281–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/augustinus201560236/23919.
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In this article, the notion of image, as it appears in Confessions X, is analysed. Literature on this theme is lacking, though the word imago appears up to a forty-five times. Augustine, in his analysis of memory, widely uses the notion of image. Memory, he states, confronts us with the unknown in ourselves. Firstly, we can’t grasp its dimensions; secondly, it also bears in it what has been forgotten. But in fact, what has been forgotten but still lingers on in memory, otherwise we couldn’t remember what has been forgotten. So it appears that all we know and all we remember is based on images. Image therefore bridges the gap between the known and the unknown in our memory, i.e. in ourselves. Thus, he gives the notion of image a very important role and transforms it in a idea guaranteeing our inner unity and overcoming the split in ourselves between subject and object. In a second phase however, when he discovers God inside our memory, he refrains from using this notion and passes to the notion of confession. It appears that confession functions in a similar way as does image. It creates the unity between God and man, where image creates the unity of the human subject. Image and confession are used in comparable ways, both serving to create a unity. Image in this sense is used in a much more positive way than in the platonic tradition Augustine based himself on. Secondly, it allows him to prepare elements of his Trinitarian theology, especially the theme of unity of the son and the Father.
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Pérez, Jorge. "Rosalía's Butterflies: Self-Reflective Celebrity and the Confessional Text". Romance Notes 63, nr 2 (2023): 391–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/rmc.2023.a919730.
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Abstract: In this essay, I examine Rosalía's Motomami (2022) as a confessional text in which the artist speaks openly about her feelings and reflects on being a celebrity and her relationship with audiences. Music critics immediately noted that it departs from the formula of her previous flamenco-based albums and praised its experimentation and combination of multiple genres. The symbol of the butterfly that appears on the album cover, in the lyrics of the first track ("Saoko"), and on Rosalía's dental grills represents this transformation. But perhaps the biggest change has to do with the intimate tone of the entire album, as Rosalía confesses her struggles, fears, and desires. As Foucault shows in the History of Sexuality , confession has been a central ritual in the discursive production of truth in Western societies. Prominent celebrity studies scholars such as Sean Redmond have noted that the confessional address has become pervasive in contemporary celebrity culture, since it is almost mandatory as a promotional strategy to brand the celebrity persona and do damage control in the case of waning stars. Rosalía's confession is striking because it is played out not only in the lyrics of Motomami but also through the musical features. Most songs have a minimalist composition, with few instrumentals that are filtered and devoid of high frequencies to allow for Rosalía's vocal delivery to stand out. And it is often a bare voice that appears in contrast to aggressive drums to convey the hostile environment Rosalía has faced in the last few years.
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Власов, В. В. "POLITICAL AND LEGAL STATUS OF RELIGIOUS CONFESSIONS IN RUSSIA IN CONNECTION WITH THE CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS OF JULY 1, 2020". Modern Science, nr 2 (28.12.2020): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.53039/2079-4401.2020.2.2.002.
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В статье предлагается классификация государственно-конфессиональных отношений исходя из политико-право- вого положения религиозных конфессий. На основе анализа Конституции Российской Федерации автор обосновывает свою по- зицию, что изменения, внесенные в указанный нормативный правовой акт от 1 июля 2020 года, не отменяют светского характера государства, несмотря на признание особого положения некоторых религиозных конфессий в Федеральном законе от 26 сентября 1997 г. №125-ФЗ «О свободе совести и религиозных объединениях». The article proposes a classification of state-confessional relations based on the political and legal status of religious confessions. Based on the analysis of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the author substantiates his position that the amendments made to the specified normative legal act of July 1, 2020 do not cancel the secular nature of the state, despite the recognition of the special position of some religious confessions in the Federal Law "On Freedom of Conscience and Religious associations "No. 125-ФЗ dated September 26, 1997.
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Tortorici, Zeb. "Cross-Generational Abuse". Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques 46, nr 1 (1.03.2020): 13–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/hrrh.2020.460102.
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This article analyzes the influence of confessional manuals on Catholic priests who solicited sexual favors from parishioners during confession throughout colonial New Spain. It proposes that we think about centuries of sexual encounters between priests and parishioners through the concept of cross-generational abuse, which describes intersecting forms of priestly exploitation based on chronological age differentials, allegorical power relations based on the rhetoric of spiritual kinship, and priests’ own abilities to profess redemption years after conviction and thereby regain positions of authority over parishioners. The plurality of these forms of abuse move beyond the usual associations of cross-generational sex solely with the question of age. It opens up the category of cross-generational sex and enlarges its potential to be a topic for historical reflection.
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Sangero, Boaz, i Mordechai Halpert. "Proposal to Reverse the View of a Confession: From Key Evidence Requiring Corroboration to Corroboration for Key Evidence". University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform, nr 44.3 (2011): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.36646/mjlr.44.3.proposal.
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Both case law and legal literature have recognized that all, and not just clearly statistical, evidence is probabilistic. Therefore, we have much to learn from the laws of probability with regard to the evaluation of evidence in a criminal trial. The present Article focuses on the confession. First, we review legal and psychological literature and show that the probability of a false confession and, consequently, a wrongful conviction, is far from insignificant. In light of this, we warn against the cognitive illusion, stemming from the fallacy of the transposed conditional, which is liable to mislead the trier of fact in evaluating the weight of a confession. This illusion in evaluating the weight of a confession occurs when the trier of fact believes that, if there is only a low probability that an innocent person would falsely confess, then there is also only a low probability of innocence in each and every case where a person does confess guilt. The surprising truth is that even if there is only little doubt regarding the credibility of confessions in general, in some cases, this raises considerable doubt regarding the certainty of a conviction. We demonstrate this through the case of George Allen, who was convicted in 1983 of the rape and murder of Mary Bell. This is an example of a case in which the fallacy reaches extreme proportions, since nothing connected the accused to the crime, apart from his confession. Following this, we turn to a Bayesian calculation of probability for evaluating the weight of a confession. First, we discuss the standard of proof required for a criminal conviction. We show that the optimistic expectation of the U.S. Supreme Court in Kansas v. Marsh regarding the rate of false convictions (0.027%) is inconsistent with Blackstone's famous approach, accepted by many judges, whereby it is better for ten criminals to be acquitted than for one innocent to be convicted (9.09% wrongful convictions). We then demonstrate the untenability of the optimistic estimate that it is possible to convict with a relatively low probability of guilt (approximately 91%) without paying a very heavy price in wrongful convictions. Considering this, we explain why we prefer the ratio proposed by Thomas Starkie, whereby it is better for a hundred criminals to be acquitted than for one innocent to be convicted. The probabilistic calculation that we perform based on this threshold of 1:100 dictates a new and surprising conclusion that calls for a significant reversal in how we view the confession: a confession should only be treated as corroboration of other solid evidence-if it exists-and not as key evidence for a conviction. Furthermore, even if we suffice with Blackstone's familiar threshold of 1:10, the strength of the other evidence against the suspect, apart from the confession, must still be at least a balance of probabilities (51%) in order to achieve proof of guilt beyond a reasonable doubt, the burden required for a conviction. Given the real danger of convicting innocents, we call on law enforcement officials to refrain from interrogating a person, with the aim of extracting a confession, when there is no well-established suspicion against this person, and even when the law allows for such an interrogation. Moreover, we call on legislatures to amend the law so that such an interrogation would not be possible, and to set forth that a confession is insufficient to constitute the sole, or key, evidence for a conviction, but it can be used only as corroboration for other key evidence-if it exists.
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Kang, Sukhwan. "Coexisting in Intolerance under the Edict of Pacification". French Historical Studies 46, nr 3 (1.08.2023): 361–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00161071-10454825.
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Abstract This article examines the legal battle between Catholics and Huguenots over the articles of the Edict of Nantes from 1650 to 1685 in Normandy. Their legal disputes show us how seventeenth-century French people perceived the issues of religious tolerance and coexistence by focusing on how the edict's articles controlling Protestant worship spaces were interpreted and implemented. Norman Catholics attempted to outlaw Protestant temples, but they had to move within the edict's authority. Norman Huguenots still could deflect unfavorable decisions through legal recourse based on the edict. Even if confessional antagonism remained alive, and the Revocation finally upended the legal cohabitation of the two confessions, the legal battle reveals that by transforming the main character of religious conflict from a deadly fight to a judicial matter, French Catholics and Protestants bit by bit adapted into a new type of confessional relationship: coexisting with “abominable heretics.”
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Zhalovaga, A. S. "Social Church doctrines as anthropological basis of modern Christian preaching". Ukrainian Religious Studies, nr 21 (18.12.2001): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/2002.21.1226.
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Christian preaching, the main purpose of which is to educate a person in the spirit of the Christian worldview, should answer the questions of the present, give believers concrete recommendations and patterns of behavior in life situations. At the same time, the sermon is based not on the personal opinion of a priest or pastor, but expresses a confessional point of view on one or another problem of modern life facing believers. This point of view, as a rule, is formulated in special documents of confessions, the totality of which is called "Social doctrine of the church".
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Shevchenko, Vitaliy Volodymyrovych. "Ukrainian Theological Religious Studies of today". Ukrainian Religious Studies, nr 40 (24.10.2006): 92–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/2006.40.1774.
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As already mentioned, based on a number of goals and methods of classification, Ukrainian religious studies have been divided into two disciplines - academic and theological. The former, in particular, is characterized by historicity, tolerance, non-confession, objectivity and pluralism. Instead, theological religious studies, based on the belief in the truth of Divine Revelation and the indisputable authority of Scripture, are characterized by apologetic and confessional aspirations, which are accordingly manifested in affirming the truth of a particular religious doctrine and religious belief. Some peculiarity of this division is the fact that according to which the classification principles of foreign religious studies are shifted into the sphere of internal and external specifics of the study of religious phenomenon, as opposed to domestic religious studies, whose study is often based on the ideological and supernatural components of the worldview what religion.
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Bratus, Boris S., Natalia P. Bousygina, Anatoly N. Krichevets i Kamil I. Nasibullov. "DINAMICS OF INDIVIDUAL RELIGIOSITY: CONSTRUCTING AN EMPIRICAL TYPOLOGY". Moscow University Psychology Bulletin, nr 1 (2023): 121–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.11621/vsp.2023.01.06.
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Background. W e increase in migration X ows and the general mobility growth in the modern world exacerbates the existing problems and causes a number of new ones in the sphere of interaction between cultures and religions. Former homogeneous in terms of cultural and religious background regions become multi-confessional and multicultural territories. Modern people are usually not so deeply rooted in traditional confessions in accordance, with their place of birth, but rather choose their religion themselves and can even construct an individualized religion based on the elements of various confessions. So, it is relevant to analyze individual trajectories of the religiosity development and the factors inX uencing them. Objective. W e study aims to qualitatively analyze individual religious and spiritual development and construct an empirical typology of religious trajectories in conditions of confessional and cultural diversity. Methods. The qualitative research design was chosen. The method of semi-structured interview was used to collect data. Basing on the theory of faith development by J. Fowler, the concept of religious styles by H. Streib and the dynamic model by K.Reich we developed an analytical tool that combines macro- and micro-dynamics of individual religiosity. W e study was carried out as a case study, cases were compared with each other and grouped into types based on the common features found in them. W e V nal interpretation was obtained by integrating the interpretations of several researchers with diY erent positions regarding religions. Sample. In total, more than 40 semi-structured interviews with Christians and Muslims were conducted, transcribed and analyzed. W e article presents 9 cases aged 20 to 38 (27.8±5.8; 6 women, 3 men) that represent two types. Results. W e article describes two (out of four developed in the study) types of individual religiosity dynamics: “religion as an individual choice” and “religion by inheritance”. W e respondents of the V rst type, although they were christened in childhood according to the Orthodox tradition, were brought up in non-religious families. In their youth they choose a confession not typical for their parents, relatives and close friends. W eir common feature is a certain distance from their peers during childhood and adolescence. W e dynamics of their individual religiosity is associated with the search for their own “existential territory”, “spiritual home”. W e respondents of the second type were brought up in religious families. W e dynamics of their individual religiosity is determined by an intertwining of psychological factors (the need for separation from parents, overcoming infantile projections), and the actual religious (spiritual) search. W e features, problems and challenges characterizing each of two types are analyzed. Conclusion. W e analytical tool proposed to construct typology makes it possible to explore the general psychological factors that determine the trajectories of development, without ignoring the importance of spiritual search. W e results obtained in the study open up the room to conceptualize the ways of spiritual development in the context of two main processes related to each other — mastering tradition and separating from it. Practical application of the results. W e study describes the challenges and diZ culties faced by young believers that may be helpful for psychological counseling for Christians and Muslims. W e authors also hope that the article will be useful to those who are engaged in the V elds of secular and religious education.
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Sebők, Eduárd. "From birth to death. Aspects of Population Dynamics in Dămăcușeni Village (1765–1918)". Acta Musei Napocensis. Historica, nr 58 (styczeń 2022): 73–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.54145/actamn.58.04.
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This study attempts to provide a demographic perspective on the population of Dămăcușeni village between 1765 and 1918. It concerns an insular community, entirely Hungarian, of Reformed (Calvinist) confession, located near Târgu Lăpuș, which has preserved its ethnic and confessional profile in time. The main studied demographic phenomena are natality, nuptiality, divortiality, and mortality. Research relies on two main sources, namely the archive documents and the censuses carried out by the Habsburg Empire (that had become the Austro‑Hungarian Empire) between 1850 and 1910. Based on them, we analyzed the evolution of that population during the specified period, thus revealing the demographic analogies and particularities of that community. The data were displayed in a series of charts and tables meant to draw the readers’ attention and facilitate their understanding.
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Kelly, Christopher E., Nathan Meehan, Michael Mcclary i Elizabeth M. Jenaway. "Just a Normal Conversation: Investigative Interviews in a County Jail". Criminal Justice and Behavior 48, nr 8 (12.02.2021): 1166–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854821993509.
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The majority of research on investigative interviewing has been on police attempting to solve a crime by obtaining a confession or gathering information, and comparatively fewer studies have examined interviewing at points “downstream” in the process, such as in the courts or correctional system. Furthermore, the focus of the research has been to measure the variable techniques or questioning strategies that produce confessions or information at the expense of analyzing factors related to the interview itself. Thus, we analyzed a sample of 50 corrections-based interviews for “dynamic” interviewing methods and interviewee responses that were measured at three points throughout the interview, and we measured 10 “static” interview factors. In the final multilevel model, we found that productive questioning methods increased a component score that combined interviewee cooperation, engagement, and forthcomingness, the several measures of accusatorial interrogation methods decreased the outcome measure, and the case-level variable of interviewee-initiated interviews increased it.