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1482-1531, Oecolampadius Johann, i Mykonius Oswald 1488-1552, red. Johann Oekolampad und Oswald Myconius, die Reformatoren Basels: Leben und ausgewählte Schriften. Elberfeld: R.L. Friderichs, 1990.
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Chandler, Charlotte. Confessions of a nightingale: Based on Charlotte Chandler's book The ultimate seduction. New York: S. French, 1987.
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Adams, Mike S. Welcome to the Ivory Tower of Babel: Confessions of a conservative college professor. Augusta, Ga: Harbor House, 2004.
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Daniel, Goldstein Eric, i Human Rights Watch (Organization), red. "Just sign here": Unfair trials based on confessions to the police in Morocco. [New York]: Human Rights Watch, 2013.
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Carey, Patrick W. Sin, Repentance, and Confession in Nineteenth-Century American Protestant Polemics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190889135.003.0004.
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This chapter describes the American Protestant reactions to the Catholic understanding of sacramental confession. That reaction is analyzed within the context of the heritage of the Protestant Reformation’s understandings of sin, repentance, and confession. The chapter demonstrates how the Protestant Episcopal Church in the late eighteenth century and American Lutherans in the early nineteenth century transformed the inherited Anglican and Lutheran traditions on the confession of sins to a priest or pastor. In the nineteenth century, sacramental confession became a central polemic issue, because for American Protestants that doctrine seemed to violate the Protestant understanding of justification by faith alone. The Protestant polemic was based on biblical, theological, legal, disciplinary, and historical issues. But, in some cases, the polemic made sensational charges on the immoral and evil political and social consequences of the practice of sacramental confession. Salacious accounts of confessional practice became a part of the polemical record.
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Collier, Jay T. Lingering Reluctance among Reformed Englishmen. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190858520.003.0006.
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Chapter 6 looks at the perseverance debate started by the avowed Arminian John Goodwin, who appealed to Augustine and the early church for a denial of the perseverance of the saints. The chapter focuses on the Reformed responses among Goodwin’s Puritan counterparts, like John Owen and George Kendall, and how they challenged Goodwin’s reading of Augustine and defended the importance of perseverance for confessing the Reformed faith. It also focuses on Richard Baxter’s alternate perspective, which affirmed the doctrine of the perseverance of the saints but questioned whether it should be a confessional issue based on his reading of Augustine and the witness of church history. This chapter reveals how competing readings of Augustine on perseverance persisted among Reformed Englishmen and also how these readings influenced the way Puritans developed and used confessions so as to handle concerns of catholicity.
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Webb, William Walter. Cure of Souls: A Manual for the Clergy, Based Chiefly upon English and Oriental Authorities. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.
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Crum, Lisa. Call Those Things, Bible-Based Healing Confessions. FastPencil, 2015.
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Tindell, Logan. Dating App Confessions: Confessions and Advice Based on Real Experiences of Online Daters. Independently Published, 2019.
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Pistis, Christian. Confession: Based on a True Story about Child Molestation. Arcadia Publishing, 2017.
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Oragbade, Buki. Speak Life: Scripture - Based Confessions for Daily Living. Movement Publishing, 2019.
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Ava, Vili. VILI AVA's an FBI Confession: Based on a True Story. Lulu Press, Inc., 2017.
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We believe: A prayer book based on the Augsburg Confession. American Lutheran Publicity Bureau, 1999.
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Kumi, Flora Amma Korantema. Introspection Exercise: Confessional Prayer Based on the Gospels. Independently Published, 2018.
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Kumi, Flora Amma Korantema. Introspection Exercise: Confessional Prayer Based on the Gospels. Independently Published, 2018.
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The New Mizz Luvli Black. Confessions of a Mattress Actress 2: Based on Real Life Events. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2017.
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The New Mizz Luvli Black. Confessions of a Mattress Actress 3: Based on Real life Events. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2017.
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Lewis, Beverly. The shunning: Based on the novels The shunning, The confession, and The reckoning. Christian Drama Publishing, 2002.
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Burnett, Amy Nelson. Debating the Sacraments. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190921187.001.0001.
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The early Reformation debate over the sacraments provoked a crisis of authority within the evangelical movement. The conflict developed from contrasting presuppositions held by Martin Luther and Erasmus of Rotterdam concerning the relationship between spiritual and material reality; it also reflected differences in biblical hermeneutics and the interpretation of specific Scripture passages. Both infant baptism and the Lord’s Supper were discussed privately in the early 1520s, but the public debate began in late 1524 with the printing of Andreas Karlstadt’s pamphlets rejecting Christ’s corporeal presence in the Lord’s Supper. Printers, editors, and translators increased the controversy’s polemical tone and spread it throughout Germany and Switzerland and to every level of society. The sacramentarian alternative to Luther’s position gradually coalesced from arguments advanced by the reformers of Basel, Strasbourg, Zurich, and Silesia. Luther’s tremendous personal authority gave the Wittenbergers an advantage that their opponents lacked, and the Wittenbergers proved better at using print to reach even the illiterate. The two sides could not reach agreement on the Lord’s Supper at the Marburg Colloquy, but that meeting shifted the focus of debate away from Christ’s bodily presence to how communicants could receive Christ in the sacrament—a question that opened the way for future negotiations. The Marburg Articles also introduced a new source of authority for Protestants: an official confession of faith endorsed by all participants.
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MacNeil, Dexter D. Dr. Arlington's Answer - an Adopted Son's Haunting Confessions: Based on True Events. Independently Published, 2019.
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Welcome to the Ivory Tower of Babel: Confessions of a Conservative College Professor. Harbor House, 2004.
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McCauley, Bob. Confessions of a Body Builder, Rejuvenating the body with Spirulina, Chlorella, Raw Foods & Ionized Water. Spartan Enterprises, Inc., 2000.
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Heal, Bridget. A Magnificent Faith. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198737575.001.0001.
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This book explains how and why Lutheranism—a confession that insisted upon the pre-eminence of God’s Word—became a visually magnificent faith, a faith whose adherents sought to captivate Christians’ hearts and minds through seeing as well as through hearing. Although Protestantism is no longer understood as an exclusively word-based religion, the paradigm of evangelical ambivalence towards images retains its power. This is the first study to offer an account of the Reformation origins and subsequent flourishing of the Lutheran baroque, of the rich visual culture that developed in parts of the Holy Roman Empire during the later seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. The book opens with a discussion of the legacy of the Wittenberg Reformation. Three sections then focus on the confessional, devotional and magnificent image, exploring turning points in Lutherans’ attitudes towards religious art. Drawing on a wide variety of archival, printed and visual sources from two of the Empire’s most important Protestant territories—Saxony, the heartland of the Reformation, and Brandenburg—the book shows the extent to which Lutheran culture was shaped by territorial divisions. It traces the development of a theologically grounded aesthetic, and argues that images became become prominent vehicles for the articulation of Lutheran identity not only amongst theologians but also amongst laymen and women. By examining the role of images in the Lutheran tradition as it developed over the course of two centuries, A Magnificent Faith offers a new understanding of the relationship between Protestantism and the visual arts.
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Roettger, Doris. The True confessions of charlotte Doyle, Avi: Teacher guide (Reading beyond the basal plus). Perfection Form Co, 1996.
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Zanetti Domingues, Lidia Luisa. Confession and Criminal Justice in Late Medieval Italy. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192844866.001.0001.
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This monograph provides an in-depth comparison of lay and religious sources produced in Siena (1260-1330) on criminal justice, conflict and violence. Two main trends have been highlighted in the development of criminal justice in late medieval Italy. Firstly, that the practice of revenge was still popular among members of all social classes. Secondly, that crime was increasingly perceived as a public matter that needed to be dealt with by the government, and not by private citizens. These two aspects are partly contradictory, and the extent to which these models reflect the reality of communal justice is still open to debate. The book sheds light on this question through the contribution of religious sources, which scholars have started comparing only very recently to secular ones with regard to these topics. The underlying argument is that religious people were an effective pressure group with regards to criminal justice, thanks both to the literary works they produced and their direct intervention in political affairs, and their contributions have not received the attention they deserve. It is suggested that the dichotomy between theories and practices of ‘private justice’ (e.g. revenge) and of ‘public justice’ (trials) should be substituted by a framework in which three models, or discourses, of criminal justice are recognised as present in late medieval Italian communes: in addition to the trends described above, also a specifically religious approach to criminal justice based on penitential spirituality should be recognised as an influence on the policies of the communes. This case study shows that, although the models were competing, they also influenced each other; and none of them managed, in this period, to eliminate the others, but they coexisted.
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Powerful Confessions to Renew Your Mind: Based on Eight Revelations of the Character of God. Pen Culture Solutions, 2023.
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Powerful Confessions to Renew Your Mind: Based on Eight Revelations of the Character of God. Pen Culture Solutions, 2023.
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Confessions of a wizard: A critical examination of the belief system of a people, based mainly on personal experience. Gweru, Zimbabwe: Mambo Press, 1985.
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Cordelia, Koch. Part 4 Constitutionalism and Separation of Powers, 4.3 The Separation of Powers in a Fragmented State: The Case of Lebanon. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199759880.003.0021.
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This chapter analyzes the Lebanese Constitution in the light of consociational democracy. It begins with an overview on the political system to highlight the formal consensus requirements based on affiliation with one of the main religious groups in the country. It examines the evolution of confessional power-sharing, which is supplemented by the traditional family-based feudal lord system. It then explores the historical interplay of state-building, civil wars, and existing political frictions which still contribute to what the Lebanese Constitution is about today. Next, the chapter outlines the constitutional development regarding consociational democracy, emphasizing the different consensus-mechanisms now incorporated in the written constitution. This shows how the Lebanese political system diverges from the classical Montesquieu system and creates its own separation of powers through consensus mechanisms.
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Dostoevsky, Fyodor _. Devils. Redaktor Michael R. Katz. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199540495.001.0001.
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abstract Devils, also known in English as The Possessed and The Demons, was first published in 1871–2. The third of Dostoevsky’s five major novels, it is at once a powerful political tract and a profound study of atheism, depicting the disarray which follows the appearance of a band of modish radicals in a small provincial town. Dostoevsky compares infectious radicalism to the devils that drove the Gadarene swine over the precipice in his vision of a society possessed by demonic creatures that produce devastating delusions of rationality. Dostoevsky is at his most imaginatively humorous in Devils: the novel is full of buffoonery and grotesque comedy. The plot is loosely based on the details of a notorious case of political murder, but Dostoevsky weaves suicide, rape, and a multiplicity of scandals into a compelling story of political evil. _ This new translation also includes the chapter ‘Stavrogin’s Confession’, which was initially considered to be too shocking to print. In this edition it appears where the author originally intended it.
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Kampmann, Christoph, Julian Katz i Christian Wenzel, red. Recht zur Intervention – Pflicht zur Intervention? Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783748926764.
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The responsibility to protect and intervention possessed a central political importance in the early modern period. This volume asks whether there was also a duty to intervene alongside the right to do so. This draws attention to the relationship between the responsibility to protect, security and reputation, which is the focus of the contributions the book contains. Chronologically, they range from the 15th to the 18th centuries and discuss monarchical duties to protect, alliance commitments, confessional legitimation and motives, as well as those based on patronage, contractual relationships and electoral processes. One of the book’s important findings is a deeper understanding of reputation, which is comprehensively examined here as a political guiding factor with reference to changing understandings of security for the first time.
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Keane, Adrian, i Paul McKeown. 8. Corroboration and care warnings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198811855.003.0008.
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This chapter discusses exceptions to the general rule for corroboration of evidence. There are three categories of exception (i) where corroboration is required as a matter of law (speeding, perjury, treasons and attempts to commit these offences) and a conviction cannot be based on uncorroborated evidence; (ii) where neither corroboration in a technical sense nor supportive evidence is required as a matter of law, but the tribunal of fact may need to be warned to exercise caution before acting on the evidence of certain types of witness, if unsupported; (iii) five cases in which corroboration is not required as a matter of law, and there is no obligation to warn the tribunal of fact of the danger of acting on the unsupported or uncorroborated evidence, but there is a special need for caution. The five cases are confessions by mentally handicapped persons, identification evidence, lip-reading evidence, cases of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, and unconvincing hearsay. Identification evidence is dealt with separately in Chapter 9.
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O. H. Mowrer's Theory of Integrity Therapy Revisited. Routledge, 2014.
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O. H. Mowrer's Theory of Integrity Therapy Revisited. Routledge, 2014.
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Kempster, Steve, i Ken Parry. Beyond one voice. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796978.003.0009.
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Steve Kempster and Ken Parry introduce an unconventional research design and data collection method called co-constructed analytic auto-ethnography. This is based on a collaborative partnership between researcher and participant. The collaboration first involves an in-depth exploration of the participant’s socially constructed experience. The approach then reaches beyond that experience by testing the resonance of the insights generated with those of others who have been through similar experiences. Co-constructed analytic auto-ethnography can thus explore subjects that are difficult to access with traditional qualitative and quantitative methods. The approach is illustrated by a study that involved a collaboration between an academic and a senior manager, exploring the inter-related phenomena of emotional labour and authenticity in leadership practice. Dismissing criticism of auto-ethnography as ‘confessional tales’, the chapter concludes that this is a rigorous, insightful, and valuable research approach.
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Keane, Adrian, i Paul McKeown. The Modern Law of Evidence. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198848486.001.0001.
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The Modern Law of Evidence is a comprehensive analysis of the law of criminal and civil evidence and the theory behind the law. It identifies all the key issues, emphasizes recent developments and insights from the academic literature, and makes suggestions for further reading. The work begins with a definition of evidence and the law of evidence and an outline of its development to date. It then describes and analyses the key concepts, such as the facts open to proof, the forms that evidence can take, relevance, admissibility, weight, and discretion. It then proceeds to cover in a logical sequence all aspects of the subject: the burden and standard of proof, proof of facts without evidence, witnesses, examination-in-chief, cross-examination and re-examination, corroboration and care warnings, visual and voice identification, documentary and real evidence, evidence obtained by illegal or unfair means, hearsay, confessions, adverse inferences from an accused’s silence, evidence of good and bad character, opinion evidence, public policy, privilege and judgments as evidence of facts on which they were based.
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Keane, Adrian, i Paul McKeown. The Modern Law of Evidence. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198811855.001.0001.
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The Modern Law of Evidence is a comprehensive analysis of the law of criminal and civil evidence and the theory behind the law. It identifies all the key issues, emphasizes recent developments and insights from the academic literature, and makes suggestions for further reading. The work begins with a definition of evidence and the law of evidence and an outline of its development to date. It then describes and analyses the key concepts, such as the facts open to proof, the forms that evidence can take, relevance, admissibility, weight and discretion, including the discretion to exclude evidence obtained by illegal or unfair means. It then proceeds to cover in a logical sequence all aspects of the subject: the burden and standard of proof, witnesses, examination-in-chief, cross-examination and re-examination, corroboration and care warnings, documentary and real evidence, identification evidence, hearsay, confessions, adverse inferences from an accused’s silence, evidence of good and bad character, opinion evidence, public policy, privilege, judgments as evidence of facts on which they were based, and the proof of facts without evidence.
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Archambeau, Nicole. Souls under Siege. Cornell University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501753664.001.0001.
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This book explores how the inhabitants of southern France made sense of the ravages of successive waves of plague, the depredations of mercenary warfare, and the violence of royal succession during the fourteenth century. Many people, the book finds, understood both plague and war as the symptoms of spiritual sicknesses caused by excessive sin, and they sought cures in confession. The book draws on a rich evidentiary base of sixty-eight narrative testimonials from the canonization inquest for Countess Delphine de Puimichel, which was held in the market town of Apt in 1363. Each witness in the proceedings had lived through the outbreaks of plague in 1348 and 1361, as well as the violence inflicted by mercenaries unemployed during truces in the Hundred Years’ War. Consequently, their testimonies unexpectedly reveal the importance of faith and the role of affect in the healing of body and soul alike. Faced with an unprecedented cascade of crises, the inhabitants of Provence relied on saints and healers, their worldview connecting earthly disease and disaster to the struggle for their eternal souls. The book illustrates how medieval people approached sickness and uncertainty by using a variety of remedies, making clear that “healing” had multiple overlapping meanings in this historical moment.
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Weichlein, Siegfried. Nation State, Conflict Resolution, and Culture War, 1850–1878. Redaktor Helmut Walser Smith. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199237395.013.0013.
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Germany as the nation state forms the basis of this article. The notion that rule requires identity, and that identity has to be based on unity and consensus, derives from assumptions of the liberal historiography of the nineteenth century. Symbols and liturgies, on the other hand, represented actions, differences, tasks, and institutions. Between 1850 and 1878, industrialization and nation building were the principal forces generating conflict. Both played a crucial role in politics and society. But in this article, the foundation and formation of the German nation state is the main focus. The second conflict over nation building, which was linked to the first, was the antagonism between the confessional majority and minority: in Germany, this conflict centered on the tension between Catholicism and a Protestant inflected liberalism. This conflict was ideologically charged. This article explains the incidents that led to nation building in the German hinterland.
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Niedermeier, Silvan. The Color of the Third Degree. Tłumacz Paul Allen Cohen. University of North Carolina Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469652979.001.0001.
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Available for the first time in English, The Color of the Third Degree uncovers the still-hidden history of police torture in the Jim Crow South. Based on a wide array of previously neglected archival sources, Silvan Niedermeier argues that as public lynching decreased, less visible practices of racial subjugation and repression became central to southern white supremacy. In an effort to deter unruly white mobs, as well as oppress black communities, white southern law officers violently extorted confessions and testimony from black suspects and defendants in jail cells and police stations to secure speedy convictions. In response, black citizens and the NAACP fought to expose these brutal practices through individual action, local organizing, and litigation. In spite of these efforts, police torture remained a widespread, powerful form of racial control and suppression well into the late twentieth century. The first historical study of police torture in the American South, Niedermeier draws attention to the willing acceptance of violent coercion by prosecutors, judges, and juries, and brings to light the deep historical roots of police violence against African Americans, one of the most urgent and distressing issues of our time.
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Zecher, Jonathan L. Spiritual Direction as a Medical Art in Early Christian Monasticism. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198854135.001.0001.
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Abstract This book asks how early Christian monastic writers conceived of, represented, and experienced spiritual direction, and its central argument is that they did so medically. Late antique monastic formation took place through asymmetrical relationships of governance and submission worked out in confession, discipline, and advice. This study situates those practices against the cultural and intellectual world of the late antique Mediterranean. In conversation with a biopsychosocial model of health and Urie Bronfenbrenner’s “bioecological” model of development, the first chapter explores the logic of Galenic medicine (2nd c.): the goal of good health, a widely ranging theory of human nature, diagnostic strategies, and therapeutic techniques. The next four chapters show how this logic operates in Evagrius Ponticus’ (4th c.) interpretation of dream imagery and demonic attack, in John Cassian’s (5th c.) analysis of wet dreams, in Cassian’s nosology of vices, and in John Climacus’ (7th c.) demonic pathologies of passions. The second half of the book engages Paul Ricoeur’s theory of metaphor to show that spiritual directors claim trust and obedience by cultivating expertise along medical lines. This begins with a study of self-representation and popular perceptions of physicians as experts over human bodies and souls, which is then applied to Basil of Caesarea’s (4th c.) advice on when and whether ascetic Christians should seek medical assistance, to Cassian’s tales of spiritual direction in Egyptian monasticism and the Apostle Paul’s therapeutic hierarchy, and to John Climacus’ multiple metaphors of spiritual direction in a monastery reconceived as clinic.
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Bishara, Azmi. Sectarianism without Sects. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197602744.001.0001.
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This book develops a theory of sectarianism and its relationship with communities of shared religion and with the emergence of imagined communities of this kind. Distinguishing between social sectarianism and political sectarianism, it discusses the relationship of political sectarianism to communities of religion as pre-existing social-historical entities. The main concern of the study, however, is to investigate how modern sectarianism invents imagined religious communities, or ta’ifas in Arabic. It does this by exploring sectarianism in various Arab countries. The book puts forward five theses. First, political sectarianism is a modern phenomenon. Second, an ‘imagined community of religion’ is a modern social imaginary based on the sectarian conceptualization of a religious or confessional affiliation as an identity shared by people who have never formed a community in practice within a vast imagined community, built on a selective reading of history and legend. Third, religious communities do not produce sectarianism, but sectarianism reproduces these communities as imagined communities. Fourth, power in modern authoritarian regimes is not attained by sectarian (Khaldunian) ‘asabiyya (group solidarity), but rather an authoritarian regime might use primordial ties to ensure loyalty and thereby produce sectarianism. Fifth, unlike a traditional community, an imagined community is not an ethical community.
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Boland, Tom, i Ray Griffin. The Reformation of Welfare. Policy Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529211320.001.0001.
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Contemporary welfare states attempt to govern unemployment using active labour market policies to reconnect jobseekers with the labour market. Critics suggest these reflect a punitive turn in social policy and are ineffective in any case, leading to debates over the evidence-bases and ideological underpinnings of social policy. Here, we investigate the deeper cultural codes which inform how the state governs the unemployed and how individuals interpret their experiences of work and jobseeking in the labour market. Specifically, we argue that there are unrecognised theological models which animate the contemporary scene – explored through an approach which combines cultural sociology and governmentality studies, a historicisation of the present which we term ‘Archaic Anthropology’. We draw together Nietzsche’s genealogy of the revaluation of suffering, Weber’s thesis on the Protestant work-ethic, Foucault’s analysis of pastoral power and Agamben’s work on how the economy is given a providential meaning in modernity. Through empirical analyses of interviews, ethnographies and social policy we add to this an analysis of the ‘economic theology’ of the welfare state; specifically, we identify a Purgatorial inspiration for workhouses and welfare offices, job-seeking as a form of Pilgrimage, and CVs as confessional declarations of faith. Effectively, the state is dedicated to ‘reform’ – of policies and of individuals, in an almost endless attempt to transform people through purifying suffering. Yet there are alternatives, more forgiving, charitable and generous cultural resources within society.
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Margulies, Ivone. In Person. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190496821.001.0001.
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In Person: Reenactment in Postwar and Contemporary Cinema delineates a new performative genre based on replay and self-awareness. The book argues that in-person reenactment, an actual person reenacting her past on camera, departs radically from other modes of mimetic reconstruction. In Person theorizes this figure’s protean temporality and revisionist capabilities, and it considers its import in terms of social representativity and exemplarity. Close readings of select, historicized examples define an alternate, confessional-performative vein to understand the self-reflexive nature of postwar and post-Holocaust testimonial cinemas. The book contextualizes Zavattini’s proposal that in neorealism everyone should act his own story in a sort of anti-individualist, public display (Love in the City and We the Women). It checks the convergence between verité experiments, a heightened self-critique in France, and the reception of psychodrama in France (Chronicle of a Summer and The Human Pyramid) in the late 1950s. And, through Bazin, it reflects on the quandaries of celebrity biopics: how the circularity of the star’s iconography is checked by her corporeal limits (Sophia: Her Own Story and the docudrama Torero!). In Person traces a shift from the exemplary and transformative ethos of 1950s reenactment toward the unredemptive stance of contemporary reenactment films such as Lanzmann’s Shoah, Zhang Yuan’s Sons, and Andrea Tonacci’s Hills of Chaos. It defines continuities between verité testimony (Chronicle and Moi un Noir) and later parajuridical films such as The Karski Report and Rithy Panh’s S21: The Khmer Rouge Killing Machine, suggesting the power of co-presence and in-person actualization for an ethics of viewership.
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Rublack, Ulinka, red. The Oxford Handbook of the Protestant Reformations. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199646920.001.0001.
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The Oxford Handbook of the Protestant Reformations covers the “long Reformation” period from ca.1400 to 1750 in its European and global dimensions. Thirty-eight contributors offer cutting-edge research. This is the most comprehensive handbook of Protestant Reformations ever published to investigate the beliefs, practices, and institutions which followed medieval reform movements and Martin Luther’s Reformation in Germany. The sixteenth and seventeenth centuries provide a particular focus as the central time for the initial developments of faiths which began to be called “Protestant.” Contributors explore the Protestant Reformations in relation to the Catholic Renewal before and after Trent and repeatedly point to areas of convergence among Protestants and Catholics. The handbook highlights the significance of cultural—historical approaches and the history of emotions to understand confessional identities. It also thoroughly engages with revisions of Max Weber's influential arguments about the impact of Protestantism on attitudes toward work, capital accumulation, and rational lifestyles. The handbook emphasizes the importance of radical traditions, especially from a global perspective. Previous handbook literature omits global Protestantism, and the influential confessionalization paradigm was entirely European-based. The point of incorporating global dimensions is that it demonstrates the vitality of varied traditions, which confronted very different institutional milieux, could significantly challenge political and cultural ideas of mainstream European faiths, and in turn reshape European Protestantisms. The handbook thus aims to be an indispensable guide to reshaping future discussions in the field, to recover the early history of Protestantism as part of our account about a history of the world.