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Hedman, Emelie. "Internet banking : - what influences Internet banking adoption". Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-33038.
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Hamstra, Roy. "Does Competition in Banking explains Systemic Banking Crises?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-277249.
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This paper examines the relation between competition in the banking sector and the financial stability on country level. Compared to previous research, it takes a different approach in that it uses realized systemic risk in the form of systemic banking crises instead of the total systemic risk. Theory provides us with two opposing theories regarding the role of competition on stability. Previous studies presented mixed results which leaves us with unresolved questions which this paper tries to answer. The results show that there is evidence for both views, but without giving an all comprehending answer.
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Mosa, Felipe. "BES: banking". Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10276.
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Kaushan, I. "Internet banking". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2004. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/22820.
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Vakartschuk, V. "Mobile Banking". Thesis, Sumy State University, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/40457.
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Pospíchal, Tomáš. "Social Banking". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-76247.
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My diploma thesis is about social entrepreneurship in the banking sector. The thesis has two parts - theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part I examine the social entrepreneurship in general, i.e meaning of altruism in entrepreneurship. The ambit of my interest is interesting also because for-profit and non-for-profit organizations operate or operated on the same market. The practical part contains several case studies of "social banking" institutions. Concretely, I chose charitable banks in Italy and Spain emerging in 15th century, furthermore kampeličky and Raiffeisen cooperatives, microcredit and P-to-P lending. I try to answer the question whether the "social banking" is a meaningful concept and whether we can find in history some development leading to the current form of microcredit.
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Chachi, Abdelkader. "Islamic banking". Thesis, Bangor University, 1989. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/islamic-banking(31789e8c-aafc-402e-8c3e-3ef8d8e1a0fa).html.
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ement among economists as to why interest should be paid, it was almost unanimously held by most if not all economists that interest is necessary for banking and consequently necessary for financial and economic development and that any religion, like Islam, that prohibits interest, is an obstacle to economic growth and development. This view was not exclusively held by Western economists who may not know much about Islam, but even by some Muslim thinkers who, repeating the controversial arguments justifying interest, claimed that there is no other way to develop except to leave the religion of Islam aside or at least its economic and political aspects because it stands in the way of progress and development. However, there were some other Muslim scholars who were not so convinced of the Western and pro-Western idea that interest is a necessary component of any financial and economic development and were convinced that if Allah has forbidden interest then there must be something wrong with it and when He allowed trade and PLS (Profit and Loss Sharing) system of finance as alternatives, then these must, perhaps, lead to the achievement of greater financial and economic development 'without tears' (Kahf 1978). They sought in the Koran and Sunnah a way of doing banking and encouraging development that is not only complying with Shariah but that may lead to a more just and more beneficial way of development. They dug into the historical practices of the Prophet Mohammed (PBUH), his companions and the early followers and found that the alternatives, to interest, that were acceptable to, maintained and encouraged by, Islam, are trade (profit) and the PLS system which were practiced long before the rise of Islam, so they just applied the principles to today's banking practices and called it 'Islamic Banking'. This study aims to show that interest is not a necessary component of banking, as was widely held before, and that Islam, by prohibiting interest and permitting profit and Profit sharing as alternatives, is not an obstacle to, but a promoter of, economic growth and development with social justice. This study also attempts to distill and refine the theoretical bases of Islamic Banking. It critically surveys and discusses the different theories that have been advanced to justify interest and profits and compares the functions and institutions of the Islamic Financial and Banking Systems with their Interest-Based counterparts. It also discusses the likely impact of the Profit and Loss Sharing (PLS) system, and empirically analyses the performance of some of the oldest Islamic Banks vis-a-vis the performance of the Interest-Based Banks of the same countries. The empirical analyses undertaken showed that Islamic banking is more appropriate and more relevant to the economic growth and development of the Muslim World. Despite the fact that they are operating in hostile and non Islamic environments, the existing Islamic Banks have managed to mobilise substantial amounts of deposits and contributed greatly to the finance of many economic sectors and projects of the countries they are working in.
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Economopoulos, Andrew James. "Impact of free banking on the free banking market". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54288.
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This dissertation examines the free banking laws of seven states and the impact of three provisions of the laws on the states' banking experience. In Chapter I, a review of two current theories of the free banking experience is presented. One theory contends that the laws themselves induced the banking experience of the states. The second theory asserts that economic activity induced the banking experience. This study includes a discussion of both theories in the analysis of the provision's effect on the banking experience.
In Chapter II, a simple model of the operations of a free bank is presented. Also, the laws of the seven states that determine the establishment and the operations of a free bank are reviewed. The review reveals that the states enacted similar provisions, but restrictions included in the provisions differ considerably.
In Chapter III, the experiences of the states are examined. The states represent a spectrum of banking experiences. The experiences of each state are characterized by four measures; the entry rate, the failure rate, the below par rate, and the average loss per dollar. Each of these measures reflects a different aspect of banking behavior and each is examined in order to determine the effect of the provision and the effect of economic activity on the behavior of the free banks. The analysis shows that both the provisions and the economic activity influence bank behavior.
In Chapter IV, a theoretical analysis of the effect of the stockholders liability provision on entry and on the bank's portfolio is developed. The theory shows that an increase in the stockholders liability of a free bank reduces entry into the free banking market and increases the risky asset-capital ratio of the free bank.
The testing of the theories is presented in Chapter V. The empirical evidence confirms the hypothesis that an increase in the liability of the stockholders increases the risky asset-capital ratio. The evidence does not confirm the hypothesis that an increase in the liability of the stockholder reduces entry.Ph. D.
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Manginas, Athanassios G. "Modelling the banking firm : theory and evidence from European banking". Thesis, University of Reading, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362224.
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Kumati, Amal. "Commercial banking in Libya and the potential for Islamic banking". Thesis, Durham University, 2008. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1341/.
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Islamic banking and finance is considered a novel way of conducting financial matters for growth and social inclusion. It has expanded in an unprecendented manner since its initial appearance in the mid-1970s. Since then, Islamic banking has earned recognition worldwide which has paved the way for a rapid growth in the Islamic banking services industry. With this background, this study focuses on the potential for Islamic banking in Libya. Since the 1970s the Libyan banking sector has witnessed remarkable changes especially after the state introduced the nationalisation programmes and socialist system. Under public ownership, the banking industry, however, has underperformed due to various problems such as the high level of non-performing loans. Therefore, the state has recently initiated a reform and deregulation policy to enhance the performance of the sector. This study aims to analyse the developments which have taken place in the Libyan banking sector not only to evaluate performance but also to discuss the reasons for underperformance. However, importantly, this research explores the potential demand for Islamic financial services in Libya by also questioning relevant issues. The methodology of the study includes a literature review, data collection, analysis of available banking system statistics and semistructured interviews with experienced bankers. The empirical research in this study is based on a survey conducted in the city of Benghazi, one of the largest financial centres in the country. The empirical findings on Libyan banking demonstrate that the sector is plagued by problems which weaken its con 1 to the economy. The second part of the empirical results proved that there is a significant demand for Islamic banking in Libya. Although the respondents and interviewees were less familiar with Islamic banking products, services and principles, the study has proved Islamic banking in Libya is developing tangible roots.
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Centerskog, Frida. "Implementing Principles for Responsible Banking in the Swedish banking sector". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-427012.
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Principles For Responsible Banking is an initiative launched by the United Nations Environment Programme Finance Initiative in 2019. The initiative has been signed by more than 185 banks around the world. The initiative was commenced to established a framework for the banking sector in order to align their sustainability efforts. The purpose of the research is to investigate whether the level of commitment of the major banks operating in Sweden to their sustainability work. Content analysis and semi-structured interviews were performed in order to research the sustainability efforts by the banking sector. The results suggests that the banks are working towards the sustainability goals mapped out by the United Nations and Agenda 2030 but also that the banks already have measures in place to drive their sustainability work forward. The banks can intensify their sustainability work by implementing stronger actions in order to reach greater results and accelerate their efforts.
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Muscat, Michaela. "Banking on the divine : everyday Islamic banking practices in Malaysia". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2015. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3180/.
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Islamic banking, a niche financial sector that has captured the imagination of the financial elite and ordinary consumers alike, is unique in its regulation through the shariah. Primarily, it presents an added-value derived from its prohibition of riba (interest) in favour of profit from trade (al Bay) or leasing (ijarah). This thesis aims to explain Malaysia’s success in promoting Islamic banking products to a critical mass of consumers. More specifically, it seeks to explain the development and growth ineveryday Islamic banking practices amongst the Malay community in Kuala Lumpur. The thesis is based on a sociological framework that does not aim to explain the development and growth of Islamic banking in terms that are principally about religion. I argue that the development of Islamic banking in Malaysia is the result of a top-down strategy driven by the economic and political interests of Malaysia’s ruling elites. Following the crisis of trust in the political-economic model of development deployed up to the crisis of 1997-1998, Islam’s vast repertoire of ideas, language and symbols are a powerful and dexterous foundation of a strategy that simultaneously problematises ‘conventional’ banking and offers an alternative course through Islamic banking. Nevertheless, Islamic banking practices are not given and cannot be taken-for-granted. Thus, in seeking to understand why increasingly consumers trust Islamic banking’s promise of economic advantage with the added value of religious compliance, the study seeks to interpret Islamic banking practices from the perspective of the ‘ordinary’ consumer. Everyday Islamic banking practices are viewed in this thesis, as embedded within broader, historically determined, closely intertwined, social, economic, cultural and political circumstances. This study views the aforementioned circumstances that consumers find themselves in, on the one hand, and the banking practices they participate in, on the other, as interacting elements of a socially determinate whole. Trust, I suggest, is the common thread underpinning the everyday banking practices within the interacting elements of a socially determinate whole. Three ideal types that emerged from the data, the virtuoso, pragmatist and sceptic, are a used as a heuristic device to characterise the various interests driving trust in Islamic banking, and illustrate the heterogeneity of Islamic banking practices. More specifically, based on an analysis of the consumers’ account of their Islamic banking practices, the choice of Islamic over ‘conventional’ banking is based on two important factors. First, for those who perceive and are attracted to the added value of Islamic banking, trust in the shariah regulation and expertise, as underwritten by the state, is the first condition to their choice. Trust lubricates their choice by reducing complexity, mitigating risk and bridging the gap between knowledge and faith. Second, the personalised trust that characterises thick social ties bolsters confidence in Islamic banking. In rating Islamic banking as the most socially acceptable choice, family and peers are signalling confidence in the value and values of Islamic banking and are unwitting allies of the state and banks. Last, the study notes that shariah regulation has contradictory corollary effects: it is both functional and dysfunctional. Whilst it functions in enabling the growth of Islamic banking, it also contributes to social fragmentation within Malaysian society.
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David-West, Olayinka. "An IDS assessment of electronic banking performance in retail banking". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/an-ids-assessment-of-electronic-banking-performance-in-retail-banking(b2fa0a96-16a1-4c85-98d1-8bb8952919c8).html.
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The adoption of electronic self-service systems (SSTs), using information technology (IT) devices and channels, for the provision of banking services (also known as electronic banking or e-banking) has evolved in the last decade in emerging markets. In Nigeria, for instance, this development is driving the movement towards a cashless economy. These services, however, are fraught with problems ranging from incidents of fraud, empty automated teller machines (ATMs), the inability of the ATMs to dispense cash, and outright service unavailability. Thus, the primary objective of this study is to identify service improvements following current electronic banking service performance measures. Given the dearth of developing country research and appropriate constructs, secondary objectives include the: 1) conceptualisation of e-service using service science principles; 2) description of factors and attributes of electronic banking quality (EBQ) in Nigeria; 3) identification of consumer perceptions of EBQ; 4) proposal of a model of EBQ; and 5) rank and score EBQ performance. A three-step sequential mixed-methods research design is conducted. This consists of a substantial qualitative (QUAL) process that posits EBQ constructs using grounded theory techniques. This is followed by an equally substantial quantitative (QUAN) process that employs survey methods in the formulation of a scale to measure EBQ. The final quantitative (quan) process scores EBQ using survey research methods and intelligent decision system (IDS) analysis. Consumer perception measurements of Nigerian bank customers using the derived dimensions of EBQ - acceptability, accessibility, competence, convenience, reliability, responsiveness, security/privacy, access to support, availability of support, and usability - generated an unimpressive industry performance score of 56%. The thesis concludes that even though Nigerian bank customers are desirous of participating in the cashless economy, issues of cash security and responsiveness are paramount. Service improvement spaces for e-banking operators, centred on rigorous strategic planning initiatives, are identified alongside additional initiatives for bank customers and regulators. In summary, this thesis presents an alternative scale to measure consumer perceptions of EBQ that adds to the existing body of knowledge.
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Sowerbutts, Rhiannon Cathy. "Essays in Banking". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7405.
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El tema de esta tesis es Banca, concentrándose específicamente en el tema de Crisis Bancarias. El Capitulo 1 estudia las crisis bancarias que ocurren debido a problemas de asimetría de información entre los tomadores de préstamos. Dentro del marco propuesto, asimetría de información significa que los títulos sobre préstamos que el banco vende pueden tornarse ilíquidos y/o que pueden ocurrir caídas súbitas en el precio de los títulos. El Capitulo 2 analiza la política de resolución de crisis y muestra como las acciones de un Prestamista de Última Instancia durante una crisis pueden afectar la incidencia/probabilidad de sufrir futuras crisis bancarias. En particular, un Prestamista de Última Instancia más generoso puede contribuir a reducir la frecuencia de las crisis dado que los bancos eligiran proyectos más seguros. El ultimo capitulo de esta tesis vuelve a considerar el tema de la venta de préstamos, a través de títulos emitidos por el banco. En este capítulo se derivan aquellas condiciones para las cuales el mercado es sostenible, en el caso de que exista daño moral por parte de los bancos que realizan los préstamos. En una sección empírica mostramos que hay una relación negativa entre la fracción de préstamos retenida y la probabilidad de default.The theme of this thesis is Banking, concentrating on banking crises. The first chapter looks at banking crises which occur because of problems of asymmetric information about borrowers. The asymmetric information means that the loan securities that the bank sells can become illiquid and there are sudden drops in securities prices. The second chapter looks at a crisis resolution policy and shows how the actions of the Lender of Last Resort in a crisis can affect the incidence of future banking crises, in particular that a more generous Lender of Last Resort can lead less frequent crises as banks choose safer projects. The final paper returns to the theme of loan sales. We derive conditions for when the market is sustainable in the face of moral hazard by the bank which makes the loan. In an empirical section we show that there is a negative relationship between the fraction of a loan retained and the probability of default
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Albertazzi, Ugo. "Essays in banking". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209878.
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Cette thèse contient trois études sur le fonctionnement des banques.Le premier Chapitre analyse empiriquement comment la capacité d’offrir des emprunts à long terme est influencée par la dimension des intermédiaires financiers.
Le deuxième Chapitre analyse, avec un model théorique caractérisé par la présence de soft-budget constraint, ratchet effect et short-termism, comment la pression compétitive influence la capacité des banque de financer le firmes ayant des projets de bonne qualité.
Le troisième Chapitre examine, avec un model théorique du type moral hazard common agency, le conflits d'intérêts des banques universelles.
Financial intermediaries are recognized to promote the efficiency of resource allocation by mitigating problems of incentives, asymmetric information and contract incompleteness. The role played by financial intermediaries is considered so crucial that these institutions have received all over the world the greatest attention of regulators.
Across and within banking sectors it is possible to observe a wide variety of intermediaries. Banks may differ in their size, market power and degree of specialization. This variety raises interesting questions about the features of a well functioning banking sector. These questions have inspired an important body of economic literature which, however, is still inconclusive in many aspects. This dissertation includes three studies intending to contribute in this direction.
Chapter 1 will empirically study the willingness of smaller and larger lenders to grant long-term loans which, as credit to SME's, constitute an opaque segment of the credit market. Chapter 2 analyzes, with a theoretical model, the effects of competition on the efficiency of the banking sector when this is characterized by dynamic commitment issues which brings to excessive refinancing of bad quality investments (so called soft-budget constraint) or excessive termination of good ones (ratchet effect and short-termism). Chapter 3 presents a model to investigate to what extent the distortions posed by conflicts of interest in universal banks can be addressed through the provision of appropriate incentive schemes by the different categories of clients.
Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Pons, Maria Angeles. "Regulating Spanish banking". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365582.
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De, Pinho Paulo Jose Jubilado Soares. "Essays on banking". Thesis, City University London, 1994. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/7541/.
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This thesis is concerned with banking market imperfections, most especially real resources costs and imperfect competition. A special focus is made on the empirical estimation of the importance of such imperfections in the Portuguese market. The thesis is organised in three different essays, being the first focused on real resources costs, the second on market power and price and non-price competition and the third chapter discusses the impact of such imperfections on the measurement of interest rate risk. The first chapter is an empirical study on real resources operating costs in Portuguese banking. The approach followed is the stochastic cost frontier, because this methodology allows the simultaneous estimation of measures of economies of scale and scope as well as production efficiency and input substitutability estimates. The theoretical framework developed differs from existing literature on the explicit inclusion of the balance sheet constraint on the cost minimisation problem, being concluded that deposits should be handled as an output. Results show a clear evidence for the existence of economies of scale for the smaller banks and some costs advantages for the larger ones associated with high productivity of their branching networks. Economies of scope between deposits and loans were found for all but the larger banks. Portuguese banks were found to be particularly cost inefficient. The second chapter studies the evolution of market power on the Portuguese deposits market under the current deregulation process. Using panel data, three equations were estimated representing optimality conditions for deposit rates, advertising expenditures and branches. An important conclusion is that interest rate and entry deregulation were associated with an increase in both price and non-price competition. The small banks were found to have virtually no market power on deposits, being the situation especially unpleasant for the foreign institutions following growth strategies. On the other hand, significant market power was detected for banks with market shares for above 5%. However, above that level, we didn't detect a positive relationship between the two variables. Thus, mergers between large banks will not directly increase market power for the participating firms, although will create a favourable situation for the overall industry, trough the price-concentration relationship. The third chapter analyses the problem of measurement of interest rate risk exposure of a financial intermediary operating under imperfect competition. A solution proposed by Dermine (1985) is criticised since it doesn't take in consideration the optimising behaviour of such an intermediary. It is also shown that unlike in Dermine's article, imperfect competition also affects exposure through durations of assets and liabilities, and not only through goodwill. Another consequence of this modelling approach is that other imperfections like required cash reserves and operating costs (responsible for an operating leverage effect) seem to influence exposure. An important conclusion is that duration gap analysis is biased and inappropriate to measure exposure, being concluded that net worth immunization requires that assets have different duration than liabilities, rather than equal.
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Selvaretnam, Geethanjali. "Essays on banking". Thesis, University of Essex, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428969.
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LEÃO, SÉRGIO. "ESSAYS ON BANKING". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2011. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=34623@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE EXCELENCIA ACADEMICA
Esta tese é uma coleção de três ensaios empíricos em economia bancária no Brasil. O capítulo 1 mostra evidências que cidades governadas por prefeitos da base aliada do governo federal recebem mais crédito de bancos públicos federais. Utilizando uma base de dados longitudinal única que cruza informações de crédito em nível municipal com resultados eleitorais no período 1997-2008, eu exploro variações no alinhamento político de cada município ao longo do tempo para estimar seu impacto no montante de crédito. Como resultado, observo que os bancos públicos federais aumentam seus empréstimos em 10 por cento a mais em cidades alinhadas. Em resposta, os bancos privados restringem sua expansão de crédito nessas localidades, embora o efeito líquido seja de um aumento no crédito agregado para cidades alinhadas, deixando a questão de uma provável má alocação de capital entre cidades. Eu também utilizo outra base de dados de crédito única e ainda mais abrangente, disponível somente a partir de 2004, e emprego a metodologia de regressão com descontinuidade em disputas eleitorais apertadas para avaliar possíveis problemas de identificação. Em contraste com a literatura, eu observo que os resultados não são conduzidos por empréstimos direcionados, mas por operações de crédito livre. O capítulo 2 analisa firmas que contribuem para campanhas eleitorais de modo a testar a hipótese de favorecimento de crédito como retribuição a contribuição de campanha. Combinando dados de contribuição de campanha e informações de crédito ao nível da firma, eu exploro variações em uma mesma firma ao longo do tempo para testar se aquelas que contribuem para partidos da base aliada do governo federal recebem mais crédito de bancos públicos federais. Os resultados indicam que contribuintes de campanha de partidos da base aliada têm maior proporção de seu crédito oriundo de bancos públicos federais e tomam de uma maneira geral 20 por cento a mais de crédito que firmas que contribuem para outros partidos. No capítulo 3, eu aproveito da introdução de uma nova forma de seguro depósito voluntário, conhecido por DPGE (Depósito a Prazo com Garantias Especiais), para avaliar questões relevantes relativas a corrida bancária, liquidez de mercado (market liquidity) e liquidez na captação (funding liquidity). Primeiramente, documento uma corrida de depositantes a bancos pequenos e médios no Brasil após o agravamento da crise financeira global de 2008. A seguir, observo que esta corrida bancária foi impulsionada primordialmente por investidores institucionais. Em seguida, demonstro que, em resposta ao enfraquecimento da posição no seu passivo, os bancos reduziram seu ativo liquidando suas posições de crédito. Em quarto lugar, encontro evidências de que a introdução do DPGE ajudou a estabilizar as captações bancárias. Com este novo instrumento, os certificados de depósito (CD) passaram a ser segurados em até 20 milhões de reais, enquanto os demais eram segurados em até 60 mil reais. Por fim, demonstro que bancos com menor liquidez nos ativos foram aqueles que escolheram emitir DPGE, apesar de seu elevado custo (emissores devem pagar prêmio mensal de mais de seis vezes o valor cobrado em depósitos segurados convencionais). Portanto, restaurar a liquidez pelo lado do passivo (funding liquidity) foi mais importante a bancos mais afetados pela liquidez de mercado (market liquidity), ou seja, para aqueles com menos ativos líquidos. Uma investigação dos determinantes da emissão de DPGE mostra que: 1) bancos mais dependentes de cessão de carteira de crédito antes da crise estão mais propensos a emitir no novo esquema de depósito segurado; e 2) bancos com proporção mais elevada de crédito em relação ao ativo estão mais propensos a emitir sob o novo esquema, embora os resultados sejam menos precisos. Tais resultados são importantes por diversas razões. Primeiramente, estão entre os primeiros resultados empíricos a documentar a relação entre liquidez de mercado (ma
This thesis is a collection of three empirical essays on banking using Brazilian data. Chapter 1 provides evidence that cities ruled by a mayor from the presidential coalition s party receive significantly more credit from public federally owned banks. Using a unique longitudinal database that matches branch-level credit information with election outcomes over the period 1997-2008, I explore the within-municipality variation in political alignment to estimate the impact of alignment on the amount of credit. I find that public federal banks increase their lending 10 per cent more in aligned cities. In response, private banks contract credit, but the net effect is an increase in aggregate credit to aligned cities, raising the issue of a misallocation of capital across cities. I also use another unique and more comprehensive credit database, available only since 2004, and apply a regression discontinuity design in close electoral races to address possible identification concerns. In contrast with the received literature, I find that the results are not driven by earmarked lending, but by non-earmarked operations. Chapter 2 focuses the analysis on firms that donate to electoral campaigns in order to test for the hypothesis of favored lending as a reward mechanism for campaign giving. I combine data from firm level campaign contributions with credit information and explore within-firm variation in order to test whether donating to aligned parties results in a better access to credit from public federal banks. Results indicate that campaign contributors to aligned parties have a higher lending share from public federal banks and borrow 20 per cent more than firms that donate to nonaligned parties. In Chapter 3 I take advantage of the introduction of a voluntary deposit insurance program to address several important questions concerning bank runs, market liquidity and funding liquidity. I first document a depositors run on small and medium banks in Brazil after the worsening of the global financial crisis. Second, I find that the bank run was led mainly by institutional investors. Third, I show that, in response to the weakening position on the liability side, banks responded by liquidating their credit position on the asset side of the balance sheet. Fourth, I find evidence that the introduction of a new voluntary insurance instrument called DPGE (Time Deposits with Special Insurance) seemed to have helped stabilize banks positions. Under DPGE, Certificates of Deposit (CD) are insured up to 20 million reais, while standard non-DPGE other time deposits are secured up to 60 thousand reais. Fifth, I show that banks whose assets were more illiquid selected themselves into expensive DPGE (issuers have to pay monthly premium of more than six times the value charged on conventionally insured deposits). Thus, providing funding liquidity was more important for banks that were more affected by market liquidity (having less liquid assets). An investigation of the determinants of issuing DPGE shows that: 1) banks that relied more on credit assignments before the crisis are more likely to issue under the new insurance scheme; 2) banks with higher credit-to-assets ratios are also more likely to issue under the new scheme, although the results on credit-to-assets are a little less precise. These results are important for several reasons. First, they are the first empirical results to document the relationship between market and funding liquidity. In particular, self-selecting into DPGE allows us to see that banks with more illiquid assets need more funding liquidity in the midst of a crisis. Second, the fact of the voluntary nature of the program is interesting per se. By providing voluntary, albeit expensive, insurance, banks may self-select only when they have little option (because of asset-side market illiquidity). Although I do not perform a full welfare analysis, this suggests that mandatory insurance may be sub-optimal for two reasons. First, banks that do not need it may be paying excessive premiums. Second, mandatory insurance may
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SOUSA, MARCELO NUNO CARNEIRO DE. "ESSAYS ON BANKING". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2011. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=34649@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROPROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
Em 2003, o Congresso Nacional aprovou uma lei regulamentando o crédito consignado, o que causou um grande impacto no crédito a pessoas físicas. No capítulo 1, forneço evidências que o crédito consignado teve um efeito pequeno, mas não desprezível, nas escolhas ocupacionais. Em particular, eu encontro evidências que o crédito consignado está associado positivamente com escolhas ocupacionais com características de empreendedorismo. Esse efeito é mais forte em indivíduos que estão numa faixa etária onde dificilmente será um aposentado e residem em famílias com aposentados e pensionistas, o que sugere a existência de mecanismos de transferência intra-familiares. No Capítulo 2, eu apresento evidências de que o crédito consignado tem um efeito pequeno, mas não desprezível, nos indicadores de saúde dos idosos. Em particular, o crédito consignado está: 1) negativamente associado com as taxas de mortalidade nas faixas etárias de 60 a 69 anos e 70 a 79 anos. 2) negativamente associado com indices de dificuldades físicas. Esse efeito é maior em famílias com menor renda. 3) positivamente associado com um número de consultas médicas por ano. Usando uma abordagem diff-diff, encontro evidência de que um possível mecanismo é um aumento de gastos com saúde nas famílias com maior proporção de ganhos oriundos de aposentadorias nas suas rendas.
In 2003, the Brazilian Congress passed a law regulating payroll lending, which had a large impact on consumer lending (Coelho et al [2011]). In Chapter 1, I present evidence that that payroll lending had a small but non-negligible impact on occupational choice. In particular I find that payroll lending is positively associated with more entrepreneurial-like occupations. The effect is stronger for individuals in age ranges unlikely to have retirees in families with retirees or pensioners, suggesting that intra-family transfer mechanisms are operative. In Chapter 2, I present evidence that that payroll lending had a small but non-negligible impact on health outcome for elderly citizens. In particular, we find that Payroll Lending: 1) is negatively associated with death rates on age ranges of 60-69 and 70-79 years old; 2) is associated with less physical disabilities. The effect is stronger for individuals in families with lower incomes; 3) is associated with more medical consultations per year. Using a diff-diff approach, I also find evidence that one possible mechanism is more health care spending in families with more proportion of retirement benefits in their income.
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Erel, Isil. "Essays on banking". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34145.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, February 2006.Includes bibliographical references.
This thesis consists of two chapters that investigate two important issues in banking of the past decade: the effect of banking consolidation on the borrowers and the regulatory capital requirements for banks. The first chapter analyzes the effect of bank mergers on loan prices, and the welfare implications for borrowers. In particular I test the hypothesis that mergers create efficiency gains which are, in fact, passed on to borrowers through a reduction in interest rates. The alternative hypothesis is that mergers lead to greater market concentration and in turn an increase in the cost of capital for borrowers. Using a proprietary loan-level data set for U.S. commercial banks, I find that acquiring banks, on average, reduce the spreads on their new commercial and industrial loans after a merger. The reduction in loan spreads is both larger and also more persistent for the smaller acquirers, with total gross assets less than $10 billion. These findings seem to be driven by cost efficiencies due to mergers, since the results are stronger for the sample of acquirers with larger than median declines in their operating costs after their mergers. Moreover, the reduction in spreads is much larger if the acquirer and the target have some geographical overlap of markets before the merger, and, consequently, more potential for cost savings.
(cont.) However, if the market overlap is so extensive as to significantly increase market concentration, market power effects dominate and loan spreads, on average increase. The findings are robust to using variation in dates of intrastate banking deregulation as an exogenous instrument for the timing of the in-market mergers. Contrary to what might be expected, bigger acquirers do not impose less favorable pricing terms for small businesses seeking to borrow. Indeed, the reduction in spreads is significant for small loans, showing that small borrowers typically pay lower interest rates to banks that have expanded during the previous few years through mergers. The second chapter models the incentives of banks to undertake "Regulatory Capital Arbitrage" (RCA), under the current capital adequacy rules. RCA is a substitution of high-risk assets for low-risk assets with no requirement to increase their risk-based regulatory capital. I show that in equilibrium banks making risky investments pool with the banks investing safely so that they can be subject to a lower amount of regulatory capital because the risk exposures of banks cannot be precisely measured. The chapter examines whether the proposed "Basel II" regulatory system would be more or less efficient and effective than the current system.
(cont.) Under the Basel II rules, banks will have an option to use their own internal risk assessment systems in determining their regulatory capital as long as they satisfy infrastructure requirements of the supervisors. I show that this Internal Ratings-based (IRB) Approach of Basel II can be interpreted as a way of forcing a separating equilibrium, in which good banks that do not pursue unduly risky strategies identify themselves to the regulators and are rewarded with a lower capital requirement. Such a separating equilibrium can only be sustained under an effective supervision system or by giving some incentives to the excessively risk-taking banks to stay in the current system rather than opting into the new IRB approach.
by Isil Erel.
Ph.D.
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Rajan, Raghuram. "Essays on banking". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13883.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 1991.Includes bibliographical references.
by Raghuram Govind Rajan.
Introduction and overview--Insiders and outsiders, the choice between relationship and armslength debt--Conflict of interest and the separation of commercial and investment banking.
Ph.D.
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Coulter, Brian R. L. "Essays on banking". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0466afbe-4cc2-4a47-bc69-6f08ced67233.
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This work consists of five separate essays that examine the banking industry from a number of viewpoints. In the first essay, I consider how the ratchet effect interacts with workers' ability to cooperate to determine effort provision in teams. I show how the dominant constraint varies with both the size of the team and the members' ability to monitor each other's effort. Small teams tend to have their effort provision constrained by the ratchet effect; large teams are instead constrained by the inability of the team members to demand effort from each other. In the second essay, I examine the phenomenon of large team transfers in professional service firms, especially investment banks. I argue that large team moves occur because employees benefit by working with the most talented coworkers. Above-average teams may move together to effectively exclude younger, less-talented workers. These team transfers are optimal when employees are remunerated with team-based bonuses, which may explain their significance in investment banking. In the third essay, I consider the securitization market. First, I provide an explanation for equilibrium credit ratings inflation that does not require investor irrationality. Second, I argue that moral hazard in securitization results in banks either selling the entirety of securitized products, or none at all. Finally, I consider a number of possible government interventions in the market and conclude that many proposed interventions are either ineffectual or counterproductive. In the fourth essay, we design an improved LIBOR reporting mechanism. This mechanism, which we name the "whistleblower mechanism," uses the revealed preference of other banks to determine the borrowing rate of a given bank. Truthful reporting is the sole equilibrium of the mechanism that we design; the mechanism is budget-balanced. In the fifth essay, we consider the analogy between systemic risk and pollution. We argue that an ex post tax cannot replicate capital regulation because of a 'polluter cannot pay' problem. Secondly, we show an equivalency result between ex ante taxation and capital regulation. We then show that unless the ex ante tax is levied in capital, however, it may perversely increase the amount of debt in the financial system. We argue for further capital regulation.
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Karlsson, Malin. "Internet Banking Apps". Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-32928.
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Sedunov, John III. "Essays in Banking". The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1337916222.
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Chadima, Antonín. "Core banking systémy". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-358802.
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This diploma thesis deals with the topic of core banking systems. The main objective is to analyze the implementation of the SEPA payments into the payment module. The theoretical part defines the concept of core banking systems and its history. It also compares conventional approaches to core banking systems with Islamic ones. The theoretical part also includes chapters about implementation approaches, the most common challenges in implementation and architecture of core banking systems. Next part of thesis is about the basic modules of core banking systems. The practical part is about the analysis of requirements on core banking systems. Especially the requirements that are mandatory from legislation perspective. These are SEPA payments, PSD2 and instant payments. Gap analysis is used as the main method. We chose SEPA payment implemetation as the requirement that we will analyse. There are two possible solutions that can be used. The first one is the customization of the current payment module and the second solution is implementation of the payment hub. The conclusion of the thesis focuses on the best solution for each of two types of bank institutions. The main acquisition of the thesis is the recommended solution for two different types of banks. And second of all, the conclusions which was founded in this thesis should be used for another requirements such as PSD2, the introduction of instant payments, and more.
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Girotti, Mattia. "Essays on Banking". Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU10058/document.
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Cette thèse porte sur l'économie de la banque et se compose de trois chapitres.Le premier chapitre explore les effets des changements de politique monétaire sur les structures du passif des banques américaines et sur ses coûts de financement. Les banques obtiennent la plus grande partie de leurs financements à partir d'une combinaison de dépôts à vue - qui sont à taux zéro - et dépôts portant intérêt. En utilisant des variations démographiques locales comme instruments pour les structures du passif des banques, je mesure l'impact des changements de politique monétaire sur le taux des dépôts portant intérêt de chaque banque en fonction de sa structure du passif initiale. Je trouve que, lorsque la politique monétaire se resserre, chaque banque fait face à une sortie de dépôts à vue. Elle répond par l'émission de dépôts portant intérêt, mais paie un taux d'intérêt qui augmente avec la quantité de dépôts à vue étant substitués. Cette constatation confirme l'existence du “bank lending channel” de la transmission de la politique monétaire. Je fournis également des preuves que les grandes banques peuvent remplacer les sources de financement à un coût plus faible que les petites banques, et que les dépôts à vue sont moins sensibles à l'évolution de la politique monétaire lorsque le marché bancaire local est plus concentrée. Les deuxième et troisième chapitres se concentrent sur les banques mutualistes, qui diffèrent principalement des banques sous le régime des sociétés par actions sur le terrain de la propriété. Dans le deuxième chapitre, Richard Meade et moi fournissons une évaluation de l'effet des événements de “démutualisation” sur le bien-être des déposants. Au cours des dernières décennies, nombreuses caisses d'épargne américaines ont opté pour la démutualisation, en convertissant leur propriété du régime des banques mutualistes au régime des sociétés par actions. Nous estimons d'abord un modèle logit à paramètres aléatoires des choix de dépôt bancaire, en utilisant des données sur les banques commerciales et caisses d'épargne de 1994 à 2005. Après avoir récupéré les préférences des déposants pour les caractéristiques des banques, nous mesurons l'effet d'une démutualisation de toutes caisses d'épargne sur le bien-être des déposants. Nous constatons que, en moyenne, le bien-être des déposants augmenterait. En particulier, si les caisses d'épargne démutualisées offrissent un taux de dépôt en ligne avec les caisses d'épargne appartenant à des investisseurs, chaque déposant gagnerait 1,14 $ par an, pour un total de 22 millions $ pour chaque état et an. Nos résultats jettent un doute sur la capacité des caisses d'épargne américaines de bien servir les intérêts des leurs clients, et proposent une nouvelle explication pour les démutualisations observées aux États-Unis. Dans le troisième chapitre, Thierry Magnac, Karine Van der Straeten, et moi présentons d'abord des preuves que les banques mutualistes américaines sont moins risquées, prêtent à des taux plus faibles, et ont des liens plus étroits avec leurs communautés locales. Nous proposons un modèle de concurrence entre banques mutualistes et banques sous le régime des sociétés par actions, en adaptant le modèle de Martinez-Miera et Repullo (RFS, 2010). Nous supposons que la différence entre les deux types de banque est que les banques mutualistes, compte tenu de leur portée locale plus forte, imposent un plus grand “coût social” sur les preneurs qui échouent. Nous simulons le modèle et évaluons l'effet de la concurrence sur la probabilité de défaillance dans les deux types de banques. Nos résultats indiquent que, en conformité avec les données empiriques présentées, les banques mutualistes prêtent à des taux plus faibles et ont une plus faible probabilité de défaillance, à tout niveau de concurrence. En outre, de façon similaire à ce qui se passe aux banques sous le régime des sociétés par actions, leur probabilité de défaillance est en forme de U dans le niveau de concurrenceThis thesis focuses on the economics of banking and is composed of three chapters. The first chapter explores the effects of monetary policy changes on U.S. banks' liability structures and funding costs. Banks obtain most of their funding from a combination of demand deposits -- i.e. zero-interest deposits -- and interest-bearing deposits. Using local demographic variations as instruments for banks’ liability structures, I measure the impact of monetary policy changes on each bank’s interest-bearing deposit rate as a function of the bank’s initial liability structure. I find that when monetary policy tightens each bank faces an outflow of demand deposits. It responds by issuing more interest-bearing deposits, but pays on them an interest rate that increases with the quantity of demand deposits being substituted. This finding supports the existence of the bank lending channel of monetary policy transmission. I also provide evidence that larger banks can substitute funding sources more cheaply than smaller banks, and that demand deposits are less sensitive to monetary policy changes when the local banking market is more concentrated. The second and third chapters focus on mutual banks, which primarily differ from stock banks on the ground of ownership. Mutual banks are owned by their customers, while stock banks by investors. In the second chapter, Richard Meade and I provide an assessment of the effect on depositor welfare of the events of “demutualization”. In recent decades, many U.S. savings banks have demutualized, by converting from customer ownership to investor ownership. We first estimate a random coefficients logit model of bank deposit account choice, using data on commercial and savings banks from 1994 to 2005. Having recovered depositors' preferences for bank attributes, we then measure the effect on depositor welfare of a simulated demutualization of all customer-owned savings banks. We find that, on average, depositors' welfare would increase. In particular, if demutualized savings banks offered a deposit rate in line with other investor-owned savings banks, each depositor would gain $1.14 annually, for a total of $22 million for each state and year. Our findings cast doubt on whether U.S. customer-owned savings banks are well serving their customers' interests, and offers a new explanation for observed U.S. savings bank demutualizations. In the third chapter, Thierry Magnac, Karine Van der Straeten, and I first present evidence that U.S. mutual banks are less risky, lend at lower rates, and have stronger ties to their local communities. We then propose a model of competition between mutual and stock banks building on Martinez-Miera and Repullo (RFS, 2010). We assume that the difference between the two bank types is that mutual banks, given their stronger local reach, impose a greater non-monetary “social cost” on the loan-takers who fail. We simulate the model and assess the effect of competition on the probability of bank failure in the two bank types. Our results indicate that, in accordance with the empirical evidence presented, mutual banks charge a lower loan rate and have a lower probability of failure, at any level of competition. Moreover, similarly to what happens to stock banks, their probability of failure is U-shaped in the level of competition
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Lim, Ivan Wen Yan. "Essays on banking". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31107.
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This thesis consists of three essays on banking in the U.S. The first two chapters study how supervisors and regulators influence bank behavior. The third chapter explores how bank CEOs allocate credit. The first chapter uses a quasi-natural experiment, the closure of regulatory offices, to identify the effects of supervision on bank behavior. Under the decentralized structure of U.S. bank supervision, banks in the same geographic area may be supervised by different regulatory offices. The chapter shows that, following the closure of a regulatory office, banks previously supervised by that office increase their solvency risk and lending compared with banks in the same counties that are supervised by a different regulatory office. Further, these banks exhibit lower risk-adjusted returns, lower asset quality, and opportunistic provisioning behavior for loan losses. Information asymmetry between banks and supervisors partly explains the results. The second chapter documents that nearly 30% of U.S. banks employ at least one board member who currently or previously served on a regulator’s advisory council or on the board of a regulator as a form of public service. The chapter shows that connections to regulators undermine regulatory discipline by decreasing the sensitivity of bank risk to capital. Connected banks are able to extract larger public subsidies than non-connected banks by shifting risk to the financial safety-net, resulting in wealth transfers from taxpayers to shareholders of risk-shifting connected banks. One potential reason for these effects is that connected banks receive preferential treatment in supervision from regulators. The third chapter uses the birthplace of U.S. bank CEOs to investigate the effect of hometown favoritism on bank business policies. Exploiting within-bank variation in distances to a CEO’s hometown, the chapter shows that banks make more mortgage and small business lending as well as branch expansions in counties that are proximate to the hometown of the CEO. This is due to the CEO’s altruistic attachment to her hometown; the effects are stronger during economic downturns, among altruistic CEOs, in poorer counties and marginal mortgage applicants. Further, hometown favoritism does not lead to worst bank performance. However, it is associated with positive economic outcomes in counties exposed to greater favoritism.
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SUNTHEIM, FELIX. "Essays in banking". Doctoral thesis, Università Bocconi, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/11565/4054222.
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Taylor, Martin. "Banking on promotion : employment and identity in Scottish banking, 1850-1939". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23220.
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This thesis examines the relationship between employment and the social identity of bank staff in Scotland during the period 1850-1939. Bank staff are used as an example of the lower middle class of minor professionals and clerks, a then growing social stratum that has received limited academic attention. The thesis critically reassesses existing accounts by adopting a quantitative prosopographical approach as well as economic theories previously unused in historical research. The thesis can be split into three sections. The first section (chapters 2 - 3) outlines the business of banking in Scotland and the business of the Royal Bank of Scotland. This provides a context that informs the subsequent analysis of employment and identity. Both chapters depict banking in Scotland as passing through three phases. These are distinguished on the basis of the structure of the sector, the organisational form adopted by the banks and geographical scope of their business, as well as the competitive arrangements reached and approach to asset management. In addition the conduct of banking is considered, then the internal organisation and management of the banks outlined. The second section of the thesis (chapters 4 - 6) examines the economics of bank employment. Chapter 4 considers the establishment, then development during the first three quarters of the nineteenth century at the Royal Bank of what is identified as an internal labour market, a concept introduced from the economics literature. It concludes the arrangements reached - incremental salaries, stable, long-term employment, internal promotion and a wide range of paternalistic benefits - were: firstly, a rational means of encouraging loyalty and effort in circumstances where opportunistic behaviour was possible and potentially costly, but monitoring expensive and imperfect, and secondly, a means of securing then facilitating the exercise of managerial authority. Chapter 5 outlines how Royal Bank staff fared up until World War I. It argues the standard of living most bank staff and clerks more generally experienced can be viewed in more positive terms than has previously been thought. Chapter 6 examines a key trend identified in the preceding two chapters: a growing majority of recruits left Scottish banking on or shortly after completing an apprenticeship. The third section of the thesis (chapters 6 - 8) analyses how bank staff understood and related to society as a whole.
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Havrylchyk, Olena. "Banking efficiency, consolidation and foreign ownerhip: evidence from the Polish banking market". kostenfrei, 2005. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=974255300.
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Kwaa-Aidoo, Ephrem Kwaku. "Culturally aligned security in banking : a system for rural banking in Ghana". Thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4433.
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This thesis is an investigation into the unique rural banking system in Ghana and the role of information systems in fraud control. It presents a robust information security and internal control model to deal with fraud for the banking system. The rural banking industry has been noted for poor internal control leading to fraud. This has resulted in poor performance and even the collapse of some banks. The Focus of the study was on the processes used to deliver banking services. To design a protection system, a number of rural banks were visited. This was to understand the environment, regulatory regimes and the structure and banking processes of the industry and banks. Systemic vulnerabilities within the industry which could be exploited for fraud were found. The lack of structures like an address system and unreliable identification documents makes it difficult to use conventional identification processes. Also the lack of adequate controls, small staff numbers and the cross organisational nature of some transactions among other cultural issues reduces the ability to implement transaction controls. Twenty fraud scenarios were derived to illustrate the manifestation of these vulnerabilities. The rural banking integrity model was developed to deal with these observations. This protection model was developed using existing information security models and banking control mechanisms but incorporating the nature of the rural banking industry and culture of its environment. The fraud protection model was tested against the fraud scenarios and was shown to meet the needs of the rural banking industry in dealing with its systemic vulnerabilities. The proposed community-based identification scheme deals with identification weaknesses as an alternative to conventional identity verification mechanisms. The Transaction Authentication Code uses traditional adinkra symbols. Whilst other mechanisms like the Transaction Verification Code design v internal controls into the banking processes. This deals with various process control weaknesses and avoids human discretion in complying with controls. Object based separation of duties is also introduced as a means of controlling conflicting tasks which could lead to fraud.
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Lau, Ka-ping, i 劉家平. "International banking and international banking centres: a case study on Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1985. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31263252.
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Masood, Omar. "Non-performing bank loans and banking crisis in the Pakistani banking system". Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426494.
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Damiano, André Luis. "As fraudes no Internet Banking e sua evolução para o Social Banking". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18157/tde-12092013-094137/.
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A tecnologia da informação e comunicação é um fator importante no desenvolvimento futuro da indústria de serviços financeiros, com especial atenção ao setor bancário. A maioria dos bancos utiliza a Internet como um canal estratégico de distribuição onde seus serviços e produtos possuem uma relação muito próxima com o conceito mais amplo possível de marketing, aquele que descreve plenamente um ambiente e um nicho de negócio e onde o desenvolvimento e evolução deste canal associa-se diretamente a própria evolução do marketing em si. O tema central deste trabalho é apresentar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o canal Internet Banking analisando as principais questões e desafios referentes às fraudes eletrônicas e suas ameaças, além de descrever o impacto das mídias sociais que estão ocasionando dentro das corporações. Realiza-se também um paralelo de como os serviços e produtos bancários acompanharam de perto a evolução do marketing e como, hoje, neste momento de transição de um paradigma econômico para outro, estes dois modelos se relacionam em um ponto específico: a tendência das fraudes no ambiente de Internet Banking e sua evolução para o Social Banking. Analisam-se também quais caminhos serão abertos dentro do novo paradigma de economia e marketing sociais para este tipo de ocorrência. Para atenuar de forma eficaz o risco de fraude, é importante implementar um amplo programa decisório para prevenção, que se estenda além de um conjunto de controles internos sofisticados em todos os níveis e divisões de uma organização. Finalmente, a conclusão e perspectivas futuras da evolução do Internet Banking para o Social Banking com uma análise da evolução das ameaças e fraudes eletrônicas neste novo canal.Information technology and communication is an important factor in the future development of the financial services industry, with particular attention to the banking sector. Most banks use the Internet as a strategic distribution channel where its services and products have a very close relationship with the broader concept of marketing, one that fully describes an environment and a niche business and where the development and evolution of this channel is directly associated with the evolution of the marketing itself. The central theme of this work is to present a literature review on the Internet Banking channel analyzing key issues and challenges related to electronic fraud and threats, and describes the impact of social media is causing in corporations. Additionally to the threats on the Internet Banking, this work brings an analyze of how the banking products and services are closely followed by the marketing evolution and how at this moment of transition from a economic perspective to another, these two business models are co-related to a specific aspect: The future and trends of the electronic fraud on the Internet Banking towards the evolution to the Social Banking. It also analyzes which paths will also open within the new paradigm of economics and social marketing for this type of occurrence. To effectively mitigate the risk of fraud, it is important to implement a comprehensive decision-making prevention program that extends beyond a sophisticated set of internal controls at all levels and divisions of an organization. Finally, the conclusion and future prospects of the development of Internet Banking for Social Banking with an analysis of the evolution of electronic fraud and threats in this new channel.
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Kugai, Kseniia, i Maria Soroka. "Banking operations financial monitoring as a guarantee for Ukrainian banking system stability". Thesis, Білоцерківський національний аграрний університет, 2020. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16509.
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The article considers the concept of banking system and financial monitoring of banking operations. The necessity for ideal financial monitoring system and its influence on the stability of the banking system is analyzed.У статті розглянуто поняття банківської системи та фінансового моніторингу банківських операцій. Проаналізовано необхідність функціонування досконалої системи фінансового моніторингу та його вплив на стабільність банківської системи.
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Moin, Muhammad Shehzad. "Performance of Islamic Banking and Conventional banking in Pakistan : a Comparative Study". Thesis, Skövde : University of Skövde. School of Technology and Society, 2008. http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:113713/FULLTEXT01.
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Kwaa-Aidoo, Ephrem K. "Culturally aligned security in banking. A system for rural banking in Ghana". Thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4433.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This thesis is an investigation into the unique rural banking system in Ghana and the role of information systems in fraud control. It presents a robust information security and internal control model to deal with fraud for the banking system. The rural banking industry has been noted for poor internal control leading to fraud. This has resulted in poor performance and even the collapse of some banks. The Focus of the study was on the processes used to deliver banking services.
To design a protection system, a number of rural banks were visited. This was to understand the environment, regulatory regimes and the structure and banking processes of the industry and banks. Systemic vulnerabilities within the industry which could be exploited for fraud were found. The lack of structures like an address system and unreliable identification documents makes it difficult to use conventional identification processes. Also the lack of adequate controls, small staff numbers and the cross organisational nature of some transactions among other cultural issues reduces the ability to implement transaction controls. Twenty fraud scenarios were derived to illustrate the manifestation of these vulnerabilities.
The rural banking integrity model was developed to deal with these observations. This protection model was developed using existing information security models and banking control mechanisms but incorporating the nature of the rural banking industry and culture of its environment. The fraud protection model was tested against the fraud scenarios and was shown to meet the needs of the rural banking industry in dealing with its systemic vulnerabilities. The proposed community-based identification scheme deals with identification weaknesses as an alternative to conventional identity verification mechanisms. The Transaction Authentication Code uses traditional adinkra symbols. Whilst other mechanisms like the Transaction Verification Code design
v
internal controls into the banking processes. This deals with various process control weaknesses and avoids human discretion in complying with controls. Object based separation of duties is also introduced as a means of controlling conflicting tasks which could lead to fraud.
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Karadöl, Ismail. "Islamic banking : Aternatives Bankensystem /". München : GRIN Verlag, 2008. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016973872&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Kenova, Vasya, i Patrik Jonasson. "Quality Online Banking Services". Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, EMM (Entrepreneurship, Marketing, Management), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-480.
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Using an already developed model for measuring the quality of online services, the authors of this thesis have developed and later on modified a theoretical model (instrument) for measuring the quality of online banking services in particular. Using quantitative research method including the design and distribution of a questionnaire, empirical data was collected on which statistical analysis has been performed. As a result of the conducted analysis, the initial theoretical model has been modified, so that the final version of the model (instrument) for measuring quality of online banking services includes four quality dimensions (Service Performance, Website Characteristics, Communication and Efficiency) with total of 17 items (questions). Furthermore, based on the modified theoretical model, customer satisfaction with different aspects of the online banking services has been evaluated. Based on the results of the Analysis of the Empirical Data, managerial recommendations are given. Suggestions for further research on quality of online banking services are also offered.
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Akbel, Basak. "Banking and Multinational Finance". Diss., lmu, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-97010.
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Vuniq, Valentina, Maida Kadic i Medeleine Bengtsson. "Customer Satisfaction Online Banking". Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, EMM (Entreprenörskap, Marknadsföring, Management), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-15499.
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Ahmad, Abu Umar Faruq, University of Western Sydney, College of Law and Business i School of Law. "Islamic banking in Bangladesh". THESIS_CB_LAW_Ahmad_A.xml, 2002. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/247.
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This study is primarily concerned with the theory of Islamic banking and its practice in Bangladesh, and shari’ah and its four sources forming the basis of Islamic banking are discussed at length. The research seeks to: analyse the theoretical foundations of Islamic baking and practice in Bangladesh; examine areas of similarity and differences between the structure and practices of Islamic banking and conventional banks; and identify the problems, challenges and prospects of Islamic banking in Bangladesh. The dissertation examines primary and secondary sources and draws on fieldwork in Bangladesh and the author’s personal experiences. The study undertaken shows that over the years there has been an expansion of Islamic banking in Bangladesh. Islamic banks are competing successfully with their conventional counterparts in an environment where rules, regulations and regulatory bodies are designed to facilitate banking based on interest. At the same time it has become apparent that the profit and loss sharing framework, which is one of the cardinal principles of Islamic banking, has yet to take deep root. The current profitability of Islamic banks is often maintained by products and services, which on closer analysis resemble broadly the products of conventional banking. It is thus suggested that more in depth research should be undertaken by Islamic bankers and scholars to study products and services of conventional banking with a view to adapting them successfully to the tenets of shari’ah.Master of Laws (Hons)
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Ahmad, Abu Umar Faruq. "Islamic banking in Bangladesh /". View thesis, 2002. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030723.130611/index.html.
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Thesis (Master of Laws (Hons.)) -- University of Western Sydney, 2002."A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Laws (Honours)" Bibliography : leaves 215-221.
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Fu, Peter C. M. "Multinational banking in China". Thesis, University of Reading, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435650.
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Westrup, Lydia. "Responsible banking : an oxymoron?" Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/responsible-banking-a-an-oxymoron(c5ac2e95-6393-4446-b41a-7f376d95101e).html.
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Over the past decade banks repeatedly made headlines with severe cases of business misconduct. Several high profile political inquiries sought to ascertain responsibility for the malfeasance but concluded that responsibility could not unequivocally be attributed. Considering that the responsibility principle constitutes a normative element which should guide social interaction, its evasion can lead to social distortions. The purpose of the thesis is threefold. First, it seeks to explore the responsibility practices in banking; second, it considers the mechanisms of responsibility evasion; and third, it discusses the power relations guiding responsible business conduct. Academic research typically considers corporate responsibility from two perspectives. At the meso level responsibility is framed in terms of corporate governance; at the micro level individual and team responsibilities are studied. This thesis offers a different perspective and discusses responsibility in terms of practice, which comprises responsibility constitution and responsibility attribution. In an organisational context responsibility is arranged in terms of role and task responsibilities and corporate culture, while responsibility attributions refer to the interpretations and judgements of social conduct. The analysis draws on the concept of 'agencement' which describes a heterogeneous compendium of different devices that act on and modify each other (Pollock and Williams, 2009). Ontologically, ANT views realities as multiple and fluid and the question of which reality takes precedence is a matter of power relations. For the analysis a methodological tool, the responsibility map, has been developed and applied to three case studies, namely the mis-selling of PPI, trader manipulation of LIBOR and low-balling of LIBOR. Operating under the principles of financialisation, banks have internalised financial benefits while negative outcomes were externalised. Responsibility attribution for the misconduct was systematically evaded. The mechanisms of responsibility diffusion are closely tied to the business strategies: retail banks proceduralised responsibility; it became invested in meeting sales targets. Investment banks operated at the forefront of LIBOR manipulations. Handling the LIBOR rate setting process in an informal manner created responsibility gaps. In both environments the regulatory regimes in place proved ineffective. It is argued that corporate irresponsibility must be considered as a recurrent theme if banking remains organised in terms of financialised business models. The thesis presents a novel approach to the study of organisational responsibility. The methodological tool developed for this research can be adapted to study responsibility in other corporate contexts. Given that the current business models are flawed as they create an environment that condones irresponsible conduct the thesis concludes with suggestions for policy making.
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Jackson, Timothy. "Banking and the state". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2018. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/118618/.
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Banks provide not one but two vital services. Bank deposits are the preferred form of safe assets used for transactions, and bank loans allow businesses to undertake risky endeavors. However, this creates a tension in bank business: deposit-holders require safety for bank liabilities to be liquid; while loan-holders want the freedom to take profitable business risks. A widely-used policy to guarantee the liquidity of bank deposits is the government provision of deposit insurance. This thesis considers some of the relative benefits and costs of deposit insurance relative to an alternative of `narrow banking'. This policy argues that a single bank liability structure cannot optimally provide both liquidity and credit. Instead, these two services should be provided by separate entities. These entities could share an owner, provided the safe `narrow' business can be credibly ring-fenced from the risky `wide' bank. Narrow banks issue safe, short-term, debt which can be used for transactions and are invested solely in safe assets so as not to necessitate insurance. To prevent runs, we suggest that wide banks issue longer-term equity contracts to fund risky business credit. Savers are informed of risks up-front and updated through regular markings-to-market. This thesis considers the ability of a narrow banking system to provide liquidity and credit.
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Basu, Karna. "Essays on informal banking". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37415.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Economics, 2006."September 2006."
Includes bibliographical references.
This thesis is a collection of three theoretical essays that examine the role of time-inconsistent preferences in informal banking. The first two chapters focus on specific banking institutions, while the third studies individual welfare more generally. In Chapter 1, I develop a model of rotating savings and credit associations (roscas) where members are quasi-hyperbolic discounters. I show that, in this setting, roscas function as commitment savings devices, and can survive in equilibrium even in the absence of formal contracting or informal social sanctions. In Chapter 2, I study the behavior of quasi-hyperbolic discounters who have access to credit and a non-secure savings technology. I show that these agents might simultaneously save and borrow to create optimal investment incentives for future selves. Chapter 3 evaluates and compares the welfare outcomes for time-inconsistent agents under several banking environments.
by Karna Basu.
Ph.D.
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Maziero, Marcelo 1967. "Franchising in commercial banking". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9183.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2000.Title as it appears in MIT commencement exercises program, June 2000: Franchising of branches in commercial banking
In the increasingly competitive environment faced by commercial banks at the retail segment of the market, one of the greatest challenges is to build and maintain an efficient and effective distribution channel, offering a superior quality of services to the customers, with low operational costs and minimum initial investment. Although apparently paradoxical, all these factors are crucial for a bank in getting and sustaining competitive advantage on such a highly competitive market. The focal point of this thesis is the proposition of the franchise system for the network of branches at commercial banks, as a way to dramatically reduce the constraints faced when trying to improve the distribution channel and, as an ultimate consequence, becoming more competitive. I firstly set the backdrop for the thesis in analyzing the importance of the distribution channel on the competitiveness of a commercial bank operating on the retail segment. The conclusion of this analysis is that the traditional model of growth using owned branches and ATM's has two main drawbacks. The first is the lack of flexibility in fitting the channels to the demand. The second is that it does not address the main constraints of growth: free capital to invest in growth and human resources with the desirable profile. With the backdrop set, I propose a set of alternative models of growth that are intended to increase flexibility (and eventually efficiency) of the distribution channels, and mainly to reduce the influence of the constraints on the growth and efficiency. Among these alternative model it is the franchise system. Most of the thesis is devoted to the description of the franchise model for commercial banks, with the relevant operational aspects of the interfaces between the bank and the franchisees, as well as the importance of the design of the incentives in order to fully achieve the potential benefits of the system. Complementing the description of the potential benefits and the risks in adopting the new system, I establish a set of actions to reduce those risks as well as the basic requirements a bank must meet before initiating the process of implementing the franchise system.
by Marcelo Maziero.
S.M.
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Malcata, Pedro. "Banco BPI: banking sector". Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10349.
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