Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Backpackers

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Backpackers”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 28 stycznia 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Backpackers"

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Susanti, Luh Eka, Ni Luh Supartini i I. Made Trisna Semara. "Karakteristik backpacker nusantara dalam komunitas “backpacker international”". Jurnal Ilmiah Hospitality Management 12, nr 2 (30.06.2022): 103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22334/jihm.v12i2.201.

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In society’s perception, backpackers are generally travelers who choose to travel for long periods of time, at low costs using public transportation and relatively cheap accommodation. Usually, backpackers come from the lower middle class because they want to travel that is cost-effective but rich in experience. In addition, most of these backpackers are students / students with an age range between 25 - 35 years. Over time and an era that has changed the human mindset, a significant shift has begun to occur, especially for the tourist actor himself as a backpacker. Although the above characteristics are still a strong concept for a backpacker, there are a number of things that are starting to shift. Some of these things are 1) backpackers do not always come from the lower middle class, and 2) a shift in the age of the backpacker criteria (tourists over 35 years old choose to be backpackers). Therefore, it is interesting to study from this phenomenon is the shift in people's perceptions of a backpacker where now backpackers also come from the upper middle class and have an age above 35 years. The data is taken from 35 backpackers who are members of the “Backpacker International” community, which consists of Indonesian backpackers whose travel destinations are to other countries (mostly in Europe). This research is an ethnographic study with a qualitative descriptive approach.
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Zhang, Jingru, Alastair M. Morrison, Hazel Tucker i Bihu Wu. "Am I a Backpacker? Factors Indicating the Social Identity of Chinese Backpackers". Journal of Travel Research 57, nr 4 (9.04.2017): 525–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047287517702744.

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The question of what constitutes backpacker identity has been one of the central topics of backpacking tourism research. With the economic boom in China, the last two decades witnessed the proliferation of Chinese backpackers. By adopting quantitative methods, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of what makes one a “backpacker” in China. Comparing results from t-tests, binomial logistic regression, and multiple linear regression, it is found that Chinese backpackers’ social identities are mostly associated with external-oriented motivation, work alienation, and detachment from home centers. Behavioral characteristics, which have up until now been widely used to define backpackers, have very limited relationship to their identities in China. This finding calls for future research to rethink what is a backpacker. The research makes an important contribution to the understanding of this growing market and its particular identity factors.
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Chen, Ganghua, Songshan (Sam) Huang i Xianyang Hu. "Backpacker Personal Development, Generalized Self-Efficacy, and Self-Esteem: Testing a Structural Model". Journal of Travel Research 58, nr 4 (3.05.2018): 680–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047287518768457.

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Guided by self-determination theory (SDT), this study aims to advance the theoretical understanding of backpacker personal development (BPD) by examining its relationships with two important social-psychological constructs, that is, generalized self-efficacy (GSE) and self-esteem (SE). Using two samples from different cultural groups (Chinese backpackers, n=230; Western backpackers, n=242) and applying the partial least squares structural equation modeling, the study found that among Chinese backpackers, skill development positively influenced GSE while worldview changes negatively influenced SE. For Western backpackers, capability development and emotional adjustment positively influenced their GSE. The positive effects of GSE on SE were confirmed in both samples. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Iaquinto, Benjamin Lucca. "Understanding the place-making practices of backpackers". Tourist Studies 20, nr 3 (7.06.2020): 336–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468797620927308.

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The place-making practices of tourists have long captured the attention of tourism researchers. This article examines how the everyday practices of backpackers contribute to place-making in the enclave and the hostel – two places common to backpacker destinations. Using participant observation supplemented by interviews, the research revealed these places to be characterised by a range of extraordinary and mundane backpacker practices and mobility rhythms. Places inhabited by backpackers were in constant flux and ‘co-created’ via practices in conjunction with an array of other phenomena. As backpackers interacted with one another, other people and the various materials, temporalities and environments that were present, they inadvertently contributed to place-making processes. The research shows how mobile people make place and extends understandings of how backpacker lives are lived. It demonstrates the centrality of practices to both place and mobility, highlighting the importance of tourist actions – rather than industry directives – to place-making in tourism.
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Madya, Sidiq Hari. "Mobilitas Permanen: Backpacking sebagai Karier Subkultural Kaum Muda Nomad Kontemporer". Jurnal Studi Pemuda 9, nr 1 (9.05.2020): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/studipemudaugm.54814.

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Backpacking seems to become a cultural symbol of contemporary youth nomadism. Backpackers arrange their own trip with more flexible itinerary and construction of identity that often opposes tourists’ identity. The characteristics of their travel makes backpacker capable of forming their own travel subculture. By interviewing 15 Indonesian backpackers and intensively observing their travel journeys posted online in backpacker forum and their social media pages, this study explores the backpacking activity as a potential for subcultural career among today’s traveling youth. Three types of backpacker subcultural career are identified under the headline of open trip, endorsed trip and business trip. This finding contributes to enrich backpacker discussion in the frame of traveling as a work activity.
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Mat Amin, Maizan, Jannifer Yep Ai Lan, Mokhairi Makhtar i Abd Rasid Mamat. "A Decision Tree Based Recommender System for Backpackers Accommodations". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, nr 2.15 (6.04.2018): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.15.11210.

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Backpackers often travel for a longer period of time, have their own budgets and requirements on accommodations. The existing systems do not offer personalized recommendation criteria and some proposed inefficient recommender system (RS) for users. Moreover, other than information searching from websites and bloggers, only limited systems were specifically designed for backpackers’ accommodations recommender system. An observation and online survey was conducted to get the information from backpackers regarding their preferences while looking for the accommodations. Fifty (50) respondents were involved in the survey and the data have been analyzed and were classified to build a decision tree. The decision tree model then implemented in the Backpackers’ accommodations Recommender System (BRS). BRS offers a convenient way and solution for backpackers by including decision tree technique in the system to suggest best accommodations suit to backpacker’s preferences.
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Manik, Gayatri, I. Ketut Suwena i I. Wayan Suardana. "FAKTOR PENDORONG DAN PENARIK WISATAWAN BACKPACKER MANCANEGARA BERWISATA KE BALI". Jurnal IPTA 4, nr 2 (19.12.2016): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ipta.2016.v04.i02.p04.

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Trend backpackers is growing in various areas, including in Bali. Backpackers have been identified as having “a preference for budget accommodation, independently organized travel and emphasis on meeting other travellers, longer rather than brief holidays. The purpose of this research are to anlyses the push and pull factors that motivate the foreign backpacker tourists traveled to Bali. Sample on this research is 200 respondents of backpackers and using purposive sampling technique. Offline questionnaires are used for data collecting and the analysis technique is based on factor analysis. The results of research shows that the push factors backpackers traveled to Bali are (1) facilitation of social interaction, (2) self-identity, (3) relaxation, (4) prestige, (5) adventure (6) novelty. The push factor that dominantly is facilitation of social interaction. The pull factors are (1) cultural/historical, (2) affordable price, (3) variety seeking, (4) tourism facilities, (5) safety and clean, (6) environment. The pull factor that dominantly is Cultural / Historical.
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Azhar Rohmatullah, Ahmad. "PERANCANGAN TAS CARRIER DENGAN AKSENTUASI MOTIF TENUN SUMBA UNTUK BACKPACKER". Ornamen 18, nr 2 (22.06.2022): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.33153/ornamen.v18i2.3706.

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ABSTRAKPerancangan tas carrier dan daypack dengan menggunakan motif tenun Sumba sebagai aksentuasi ini merupakan gagasan yang dapat mengakomodasi segala kebutuhan para pelaku backpacker dalam melakukan perjalanan dan juga dengan menerapkan karya motif sumba Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) sebagai aksen sentuhan estetsis pada produk backpack. Metode yang digunakan dalam perncangan ini yaitu metode perancangan, konsep perencanaan, dan visualisasi desain. Hasil perancangan yang dihasilkan yaitu menghasilkan tas carrier dan tas daypack yang cocok untuk pelaku backpacker dalam melakukan perjalanan dengan pengaplikasian motif tenun Sumba dengan mengkomposisikan warna, rasa, serta visual sehingga menghasilkan tas backpack yang memberikan kenyamanan dan kemudahan bagi para pelaku backpacker di lapangan dan tidak mengesampingkan unsur keindahan, estetis maupun trend fashion dari tas itu sendiri.Kata kunci : tas carrier, daypack, backpacker, tenun Sumba ABSTRACTThe design of carrier bags and daypacks using the Sumba woven motif as an accentuation is an idea that can accommodate all the needs of backpackers in traveling and also by applying the work of the East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) Sumba motif as an esthetic touch accent on products backpack. The methods used in this design are design methods, planning concepts, and design visualization. The resulting design results are to producebags carrier andbags daypack that are suitable for backpackers in traveling with the application of Sumba weaving motifs by composing colors, tastes, and visuals so as to produce a backpack that provides comfort and convenience for backpackers in the field and does not rule out. elements of beauty, aesthetics and fashion trends from the bag itself. Key words : carrier bag, daypack, backpacker, Sumba weaving
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Kossen, Chris, Nicole McDonald i Peter McIlveen. "International backpackers' experiences of precarious visa-contingent farmwork". Career Development International 26, nr 7 (12.10.2021): 869–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cdi-12-2020-0320.

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PurposeAustralia's agricultural industry has become highly dependent on young low-cost, overseas “working holiday” visa workers known as “backpackers”, who are notoriously subject to exploitative workplace practices. This study aimed to explore backpackers' experiences in terms of how job demands, job resources and personal resources influence their appraisals of working in agriculture.Design/methodology/approachIn-depth semi-structured interviews were used to explore the work experiences of N = 21 backpackers employed under the Australian Working Holiday visa (subclass 417). Data were analyzed by thematic analysis and organized in terms of job demands and resources.FindingsThis study revealed job demands commonly experienced by agricultural backpacker workers (e.g. precarity, physically strenuous work, low pay), and job resources (e.g. adequate training, feedback) and personal resources (e.g. attitude, language) that buffer the demands. The findings indicate that backpackers' appraisals of their experiences and performance decline when demands outweigh resources.Originality/valueThis study offers an emic perspective on the work of an understudied segment of the agricultural workforce. The findings have implications for improving work practices and policies aimed at attracting and retaining this important labor source in the future.
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Reichenberger, Ina. "Why the host community just isn’t enough: Processes and impacts of backpacker social interactions". Tourist Studies 17, nr 3 (29.08.2016): 263–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468797616665770.

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This research employs an extended social situation analysis to examine how social interactions of backpackers in New Zealand are manifested, how they can contribute to the visitor experience, to common travel motivations such as self-development and cultural exploration, and how they compare to and influence contacts with the host community. Results from 37 in-depth interviews indicate that backpacker interactions underlie strict rules and are based on a shared understanding of how they are to proceed in terms of conversation topics and personal elements. Certain settings and a positive relationship between interaction participants contribute to longer and more personal social interactions. These in turn are required for emotional well-being, which is why fellow backpackers often replace friends and family as a social support system. Due to the national diversity of backpacker travellers, these interactions also provide exposure to different cultures as well as opportunity for self-development. Contacts with the host community, however, have been reported to be more difficult to establish and were found to be less beneficial for backpackers who have to rely heavily on interaction partners who are social, desire to spend longer amounts of time and are willing to proceed to a more familiar level faster than non-travellers.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Backpackers"

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Johansson, Sofie. "Backpackers informationsanvändning : ett sociokulturellt perspektiv". Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap / Bibliotekshögskolan, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-18507.

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The aim of this Master's thesis is to examine the information use among Swedish backpackers, both prior to departure and while travelling. The questions posed in this study are; which artefacts did the backpackers use, in what way were those used as tools of mediation within their social practice and how does a presumptive interaction between backpackers and information sources appear? The empirical material consists of interviews, held with eight backpackers, concerning their information use. The interviews reveal that a number of information sources are being consulted. The most commonly used sources identified in the empirical material are guide books, advice from other backpackers, fiction, TV programmes and periodicals. Among others, music was identified as a source of inspiration. The theoretical framework is the socio-cultural approach of Roger Säljö, which concerns how individuals act in relation to the social practice that they constitute a part of. Socio-cultural terms such as artefacts and mediation are very central in the analysis. The analysis pays particular attention to guide books as these were the most frequently used artefacts among the backpackers interviewed. In a final discussion it is observed that the respondents, even unconsciously, seems to be influenced by the artefacts consulted. It is also noticed that backpackers appear to be using information as tools within their social practice. The consequences of this may be direct, for example in the way in which a travel destination can be determined by the information and documents used by backpackers.
Uppsatsnivå: D
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Jonsson, Anna, i Matilda Åsander. "Unga kvinnors riskuppfattning vid backpackerresor". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Turismvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-46448.

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Traveling around the world is a highly appreciated phenomenon globally. In recent years, backpacking has grown in popularity. Characterised by simplicity and adventurousness, it is especially frequent within a young demographic. However, these types of trips produce certain risks to consider, with women being subject to greater risks in the society in large. This study aims to examine risk perception amongst young female backpackers. It was performed using a qualitative method based on 15 semi-structured interviews. Results showed that risk perception has a large impact on women’s chosen destination, with certain destinations subsequently being deselected. Moreover, variable risk perception can be observed over time, in response to the decision process. At commencement, high perception of risk was exhibited, yet later shown to gradually decrease as the trip progressed. Finally, an increased perception of risk was noted post returning from the journey.
Intresset för resor har ökat i stor omfattning. En växande trend under den senaste tiden är backpackerresor. Dessa resor karaktäriseras av en enklare reseform där äventyr står i fokus. Backpackerresor är förekommande speciellt hos unga resenärer. Dessa resor medför olika typer av risker för resenären att ta i beaktande, dessutom kan det uppmärksammas att kvinnor generellt sett utsätts för många risker. Målet med denna studie var därför att undersöka riskuppfattningen hos unga kvinnliga backpackers. Denna studie genomfördes med en kvalitativ metod baserad på 15 semistrukturerade intervjuer. Resultaten antyder att riskuppfattning har en stor påverkan på valet av destination hos kvinnliga resenärer. Till följd av detta tenderar vissa destinationer att väljas bort på grund av de höga uppfattade riskerna. Dessutom kan en variation inom riskuppfattningen noteras över tid i samband med beslutsprocessen. Inför resan uppfattades en hög riskuppfattning som sedan minskade under resan. Följaktligen uppmärksammades återigen en ökad riskuppfattning efter resan.
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com, Rebeccajanebennett@gmail, i Rebecca Jane Bennett. "Moving off the Beaten Track: Developing a Critical Literacy in Backpacker Discourse". Murdoch University, 2007. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20080625.140648.

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Reaching beneath the market surface of backpacker culture, this doctoral research probes uncomfortable politics, excluded voices and global inequalities. It questions why, in a context of economic inequality, environmental crisis, terrorism and war, the tourism industry continues to grow, unhampered by politically fractured and uneasy mediations of the world. Arguing that tourist modalities are defined in a popular memory matrix where the rules and norms for becoming a tourist are negotiated through conversation, television, popular literature, travel guides and the Internet, this research project critiques both popular and academic tourist pedagogy. In forging an interdisciplinary dialogue between Cultural Studies and Tourism Studies, this doctoral research seeks new ways of theorising depost-globalisation. Market-driven renditions of the tourable world displace, marginalise and exclude oppositional, negative, violent and discriminatory narratives. Placing a spotlight on the discomforts found in backpacker discourse requires the application of progressive meta-theoretical discourses, alongside postcolonial and poststructuralist analysis. A serious study of touristic popular culture implicates tourism in terrorism, backpacking in poverty, imperialism in globalisation, mobility in power and backpacker discourse in the re-writing of a contemporary subaltern. The original contribution to knowledge emerging from this doctorate is via the application of Bauman and Said’s late work to independent tourist discourses. The innovation is formed through disciplinary connections and popular cultural applications. There is also a re-theorisation of Spivak’s most famous study, applying metaphors of the pyre to sites of backpacker tourism, with the aim of developing ‘listening literacies.’ My research justifies the introduction of two new theoretical trajectories for the Tourism Studies academy. The first new approach encourages and frames a listening literacy amongst tourist cultures so they can acknowledge silenced and displaced agents in host – guest interaction. The second new approach aims to infuse touristic popular culture with a powerful and political pedagogy that teaches mobile citizens to read difference and diversity. A pleasure filter obscures the costs and consequences of global markets, often at the expense of local communities and individuals. This thesis focuses on the inequalities disseminated in and through backpacker tourism. It posits that it is not only important to change the way the tourist industry operates but also that it is necessary to change the way tourists tour. Moving off the beaten track in approaches to the study of tourism, this research project forges a new path for Tourism Studies that merges cultural theory and everyday life to develop a critical academic literacy for backpacker discourse.
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Hadjipetri, Sofia. "Koloniseringen av Thailand : En postkolonial studie om svenska backpackers i Thailand". Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Gender, Culture and History, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-1492.

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Det är en betydande andel svenska resenärer som idag reser till och runt i Thailand som ”backpackers”. Mitt syfte är att ta reda på om den svenska backpackerdominansen i Thailand skulle kunna betecknas som en kolonisering. Material och metod består av intervjuer och deltagande observation med sju informanter, samt fältundersökningar som bedrivits i Thailand. Slutresultatet tolkas med hjälp av den postkoloniala teoribildningen. Frågeställningarna koncentreras kring interaktionen mellan svenska backpackers och lokala subjekt, återvändandets betydelse, samt om en modern kolonisering i enlighet med Victor Mudimbes terminologi kan appliceras. Jag kommer fram till att svenska backpackers i Thailand visar tendenser och tillämpningar som tyder på en modern kolonisering av platserna de befinner sig på.

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Helenius, Jessica. "Supporting Backpackers Needs and Travel Experiences : Design implications for communication technology". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-59631.

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Our society is becoming more restless and mobile, a symbol for this mobility are the backpackers. Backpackers are found everywhere in the world and represent a form of low-cost independent travellers. To experience as much as possible, seems to be a very important issue for backpackers and they have that as a motivation during their travels. Backpackers have been described as ”experiences hungry”. The term experiences, is today being used a lot in the tourism industry. To be able to predict what an experience is, can be hard and the term is hard to define. Mobile technologies are also becoming a permanent part of the our society. Communication technology are something that backpackers use more and more during their travels. This thesis identifies knowledge and design implications for a mobile application to support backpacker´s need when travelling and how backpackers define the notion of travel experiences. The result of the thesis have calumniated in a mobile application prototype that coul contribute in letting backpackers get more out of there journey. This in an interactive and social way, by giving backpackers the opportunity to be social towards each-other share information through a social medium. As the thesis have shown that backpackers wants to meet others on there journey and experience the world.
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Häggström, Sara, i Jenny Magnusson. "Den maktfulla stereotypen : En studie om mötet mellan backpackers och lokalbefolkning". Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för turismvetenskap och geografi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-25379.

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Kanning, Mark. "Influence of overseas travel experiences on the worldviews of U.S. backpackers". Connect to this title online, 2008. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1233080586/.

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Tomaszewski, Lesley Eleanor. "Peripheral travelers: how American solo women backpackers participate in two communities of practice". Diss., Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/407.

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To investigate the ways in which communities of practice affect individuals' identity development, qualitative research methods were used to understand the impact solo travel had on American women's identity development. A theoretical framework developed from the disciplines of tourism, feminism and adult education was used to inform the study. Using a combined method methods approach (naturalistic inquiry and grounded theory), three components of the backpacker community of practice were identified which gave rise to a model of identity development within a particular community. This study has implications for adult education theory as it clearly suggests the interrelatedness of the social context in which this learning takes place (communities of practice), and adult development theory (identity formation). In practical terms it illustrates and also challenges the notion of identity change as irreversible, suggesting learners need constant support to retain new ways of viewing the world and themselves.
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Egan, Caroline Elizabeth National Centre in HIV Social Research Faculty of Arts &amp Social Sciences UNSW. "Sexual behaviour of international backpackers in the context of travel in Australia". Publisher:University of New South Wales. National Centre in HIV Social Research, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43550.

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This study is the first to collect detailed empirical data on sexual practice among backpackers while exploring the material and social context of backpacking using an ethnographic framework. The theoretical concepts of liminality and sexual scripts were drawn on to analyse the findings. Backpackers were recruited from hostels in Sydney and Cairns; 559 backpackers (243 women, 316 men) completed an anonymous self-administered questionnaire. In addition, 25 in-depth one-to-one interviews with backpackers and 25 semi-structured interviews were conducted with sexual health and travel clinic staff and hostel service providers. Participant and non-participant observation in backpacker hostels also informed the analysis. Drinking alcohol, often to excess, was central to the backpacking setting and was both a reason for and a post-facto justification of unprotected sex. The backpacking setting encouraged transient liaisons. More than half (55%) of backpackers had sex with someone new during their trip and for 71% of them it was with someone that they had just met that day. Twenty-five per cent of those with no expectations to have casual sex on their trip and 22% of those with no previous experience of casual sex had casual sex during their trip. More than half (53%) of those who had sex with a someone new did so while other people were in the room. Only 55% always used a condom with their last new partner. While most backpackers carried condoms and intended to use them, unprotected sex was common. Perception of risk was low: 78% of those who did not use a condom the last time they had casual sex on the trip perceived their risk of getting HIV to be ??low?? to ??nil??. Three participants acquired HIV during their trip. The culture of backpacking encourages more sexually permissive attitudes but does not encourage condom use, especially for those who did not consistently use condoms at home. These findings highlight the need for more broad-based dissemination of information on STIs to young people, and for future sexual health campaigns to specifically target backpackers in the context in which they travel.
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Dayour, F. "Backpackers' perceptions of risk towards smartphone usage and risk reduction strategies, Ghana". Thesis, University of Surrey, 2018. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/849180/.

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The tourism literature is replete with evidence about the indispensability of mobile technology and the Internet among backpackers – reshaping their travel ideology and enhancing experiences. The smartphone and other electronic devices in particular have become ‘travel companions’ – permitting virtual networking and innovativeness on the road. However, the users of mobile devices often become susceptible not only to security and privacy risks but also challenges with evaluating products and services online in advance of purchases. In spite of the evidence that backpackers do have risk concerns during travel, especially at the destination of visit than before, it is surprising that efforts to understand their risk concerns towards smartphone usage has up till now been neglected by tourism researchers. Backpackers’ distinctiveness to mainstream travellers in terms of their youthfulness, individuality and flexibility, suggest that the experiences with their smartphones would be different as would their risk perceptions. Besides, past studies in tourism have been overly focussed on understanding risk regarding the use of information technology – overlooking situational factors – that reflect the context (such as the destination) in which smartphones are being used. Furthermore, there is a paucity of information on personal risk reduction strategies adopted by mobile users during travel. Therefore, this study aims to explore backpackers’ risk perceptions towards smartphone usage vis-à-vis information technology risks and destination related risks and to identify the antecedents and outcomes of their perceived risk, as well as risk reduction strategies. Employing a quantitative-dominant concurrent embedded mixed methods research design, data were collected in Ghana using a structured questionnaire and a semi-structured interview guide. A survey involving 567 backpackers and in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 15 respondents were conducted. Quantitative data was collected on risk perceptions, as well as antecedents and outcomes and analysed using SPSS 22, AMOS 22, and SmartPLS 3.0. The qualitative data, which also addressed their risk perceptions and especially risk reduction strategies was analysed thematically using both the deductive and inductive coding techniques. This study inimitably proposed an integrative model of backpackers’ risk perceptions towards smartphone usage by combining information technology and destination related risks factors. Regarding the antecedents of their risk perceptions, while perceived innovation, trust in their smartphones, and familiarity were found as key inhibitors of backpackers’ perceived risk, observability had no association with perceived risk. Relatedly, consumers’ trust in their smartphones had a significant positive impact on the intentions to reuse a smartphone for future travel as did their satisfaction with the device and satisfaction with travel. Furthermore, perceived risk had a significant negative effect on travel satisfaction, but not the satisfaction with a smartphone and intentions to reuse it for future travel. Also, through a qualitative in-depth investigation, the study found that backpackers used a mix of cognitive and non-cognitive (overt) risk reduction strategies against the risk they perceived. These included: 1) psyching up oneself about the possibility of unpleasant occurrences; 2) using safer alternatives for Internet banking; 3) not exposing their phones in public; 4) using cheaper (for that matter expendable) smartphones during travel; and 5) non-reliance on the Internet for information. The theoretical, managerial, methodological and policy relevance and/or contributions of the thesis are discussed.
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Książki na temat "Backpackers"

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Scotland for backpackers. Edinburgh: Reel Publishing, 1995.

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Pibimpap Yurangdan: Bibimbap Backpackers. Sŏul-si: Tamso, 2012.

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The backpackers guide to Hawaii. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1996.

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1961-, Logue Victoria, red. Knots for hikers and backpackers. Birmingham, Ala: Menasha Ridge Press, 1994.

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Corporation, Australian Broadcasting, red. The secret lives of backpackers: Following the backpackers trail from Bondi to Cairns. Sydney: ABC Books for the Australian Broadcasting Corp., 2008.

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Grubb, Ian. The backpackers' guide to New Zealand. Auckland, N.Z: Tandem Press, 1990.

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Hargrove, Penny. Backpackers' sourcebook: A book of lists. Wyd. 3. Berkeley, CA: Wilderness Press, 1987.

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Bamford, Emma. Motivations of British backpackers to Australia. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 2002.

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Zhongjin, Wang, red. Hua jia bei bao ke: Happy backpackers. Changsha Shi: Hu'nan wen yi chu ban she, 2012.

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Salo, Petra. The impact of backpackers on tourism in Goa. London: LCP, 2001.

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Części książek na temat "Backpackers"

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Jia, Xie. "Understanding young Chinese backpackers". W Understanding Young Chinese Backpackers, 105–18. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003190172-8.

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Speed, Clare. "Chapter 5. Are Backpackers Ethical Tourists?" W Backpacker Tourism, redaktorzy Kevin Hannam i Irena Ateljevic, 54–81. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit: Multilingual Matters, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781845410797-008.

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Jia, Xie. "Conceptualisation". W Understanding Young Chinese Backpackers, 11–26. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003190172-2.

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Jia, Xie. "Alternative seeker". W Understanding Young Chinese Backpackers, 74–85. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003190172-6.

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Jia, Xie. "Be a backpacker, be independent". W Understanding Young Chinese Backpackers, 57–73. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003190172-5.

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Jia, Xie. "Methodology". W Understanding Young Chinese Backpackers, 27–40. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003190172-3.

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Jia, Xie. "Introduction". W Understanding Young Chinese Backpackers, 1–10. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003190172-1.

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Jia, Xie. "Pursuing freedom". W Understanding Young Chinese Backpackers, 41–56. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003190172-4.

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Ian, Lee Tze, i Ghazali Musa. "Chapter 9. Uncovering the International Backpackers to Malaysia". W Backpacker Tourism, redaktorzy Kevin Hannam i Irena Ateljevic, 128–43. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit: Multilingual Matters, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781845410797-012.

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Jarvis, Jeff, i Victoria Peel. "Chapter 11. Study Backpackers: Australia’s Short-stay International Student Travellers". W Backpacker Tourism, redaktorzy Kevin Hannam i Irena Ateljevic, 157–73. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit: Multilingual Matters, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781845410797-014.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Backpackers"

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Saarinen, Petri, Timo Partala i Kaisa Väänänen-Vainio-Mattila. "Little backpackers". W IDC '13: Interaction Design and Children 2013. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2485760.2485844.

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Wang, Yueh-Chiu, i Chih-Jou Chen. "Exploring International Backpackers' Motivation in Overseas Countries from Travel Career Perspective". W 2018 7th International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics (IIAI-AAI). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iiai-aai.2018.00156.

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McKenna, Brad, Wenjie Cai i Tuure Tuunanen. "Consumer Information Services in Intercultural Tourism: An Ethnographic Study of Chinese Outbound Backpackers". W Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24251/hicss.2017.148.

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Luo, Fen, i Yongde Zhong. "Tourist Internet information search motivation: An empirical study of backpackers of university students". W 2010 2nd International Conference on Networking and Digital Society (ICNDS). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icnds.2010.5479192.

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Diyasa, I. Gede Susrama Mas, Dwi Arman Prasetya, Mohammad Idhom, Anggraini Puspita Sari i Anuar Mohamed Kassim. "Implementation of Haversine Algorithm and Geolocation for travel recommendations on Smart Applications for Backpackers in Bali". W 2022 International Conference on Informatics, Multimedia, Cyber and Information System (ICIMCIS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icimcis56303.2022.10017760.

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Hudrasyah, Herry. "Proposed Marketing Communication Model To Increase Interse Of „Foreign Backpackers“ To Visit Ciletuh Palabuhanratu UNESCO Global Geopark". W Proceedings of the First Jakarta International Conference on Multidisciplinary Studies Towards Creative Industries, JICOMS 2022, 16 November 2022, Jakarta, Indonesia. EAI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.16-11-2022.2326151.

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Chen, Po-Chang, Shu-Wei Peng, Zang-Li Wang, Jen-Min Liu i Jung-Wei Chen. "Study on Reflection Analysis after Backpacker Tour". W 2019 IEEE Eurasia Conference on Biomedical Engineering, Healthcare and Sustainability (ECBIOS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ecbios.2019.8807867.

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Guerreiro, Claudia, Erik Cambria i Hien T. Nguyen. "Understanding the Role of Social Media in Backpacker Tourism". W 2019 International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdmw.2019.00081.

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da Costa, Calvin Rodrigues, i Maria C. V. Nascimento. "Intelligent-Guided Adaptive Search For The Traveling Backpacker Problem". W 2021 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cec45853.2021.9504937.

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Hidayat, Hidayat, i Teguh Setiawan. "Iconity in Haji Backpacker Novel by Aguk Irawan MN". W Proceedings of the International Conference on Interdisciplinary Language, Literature and Education (ICILLE 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icille-18.2019.31.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Backpackers"

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Michel, Frank I., Stefanie Zeit, Dominik Krumm, Andreas Knochel i Stefan Schwanitz. Effect of Additively Manufactured Padding on the Mechanical and Thermal Comfort of MTB-Backpacks. Purdue University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317472.

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