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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Australian goldfields"

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Robbins, W. M., i Alan Mayne. "Hill End: An Australian Goldfields Landscape". Labour History, nr 93 (2007): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27516253.

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TIMMS, BRIAN V. "Six new species of the brine shrimp Parartemia Sayce 1903 (Crustacea: Anostraca: Artemiina) in Western Australia". Zootaxa 2715, nr 1 (22.01.2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2715.1.1.

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The Australian anostracan fauna is generically depauperate, but species-rich due to radiation within Branchinella and also Parartemia. Most Parartemia, including the six new species, occur in Western Australia, with P. boomeranga sp. nov. in the inner Wheatbelt, P. mouritzi sp. nov. in the eastern Wheatbelt, P. purpurea sp. nov. in the Esperance hinterland, P. veronicae sp. nov. in the Goldfields, P. bicorna sp. nov. in Lake Carey in the northern Goldfields and P. laticaudata sp. nov. in the far north and the Northern Territory. All species use lock and key amplexus meaning that the second antennae of males are highly differentiated and in females the last few thoracomeres are variously modified and the 10th, and especially 11th, thoracopods much reduced. Although many of the new species occur in remote salinas, some are endangered due to anthropogenic salinisation.
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Jorgensen, Darren. "Flags and landscapes: border art from the Australian goldfields". World Art 8, nr 2 (3.07.2018): 207–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21500894.2018.1522370.

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Prangnell, Jonathan, i Kate Quirk. "Children in Paradise: Growing Up on the Australian Goldfields". Historical Archaeology 43, nr 3 (wrzesień 2009): 38–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03376759.

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Murray, B. R., C. R. Dickman, C. H. S. Watts i S. R. Morton. "The dietary ecology of Australian rodents". Wildlife Research 26, nr 6 (1999): 857. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr97046_co.

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Very little systematic information has been collected on the diets of Australian rodents in arid and semiarid regions. The information that is available is restricted generally to short periods of sampling and small sample sizes. Here we review the diets of 15 extant and one extinct species of Australian desert rodents, and provide new results of dietary analyses for (1) Leggadina forresti, Pseudomys desertorand Rattus villosissimus from the Simpson Desert, south-western Queensland, (2) P. albocinereus and P. bolami from the western goldfields of Western Australia, and (3) Notomys alexis, P. desertor and P. hermannsburgensis from the Tanami Desert, Northern Territory. Overwhelmingly, omnivory is the predominant dietary strategy, with most species (11) taking substantial amounts of invertebrate, seed and green plant material. Of the other five species, four can be considered herbivores and one a granivore. Of the four herbivores, however, one is extinct (Leporillus apicalis), one is restricted to an offshore island (Lep. conditor), while another (P. fieldi) is classified as a herbivore from a diet sample of four individuals only. Similarly, P. occidentalis is classified as a granivore on the basis of dietary sampling of two individuals alone. These findings indicate that omnivory, over and above any other dietary strategy including granivory, is predominant among rodents inhabiting Australian deserts.
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Murray, B. R., C. R. Dickman, C. H. S. Watts i S. R. Morton. "The dietary ecology of Australian desert rodents". Wildlife Research 26, nr 4 (1999): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr97046.

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Very little systematic information has been collected on the diets of Australian rodents in arid and semiarid regions. The information that is available is restricted generally to short periods of sampling and small sample sizes. Here we review the diets of 15 extant and one extinct species of Australian desert rodents, and provide new results of dietary analyses for (1) Leggadina forresti, Pseudomys desertorand Rattus villosissimus from the Simpson Desert, south-western Queensland, (2) P. albocinereus and P. bolami from the western goldfields of Western Australia, and (3) Notomys alexis, P. desertor and P. hermannsburgensis from the Tanami Desert, Northern Territory. Overwhelmingly, omnivory is the predominant dietary strategy, with most species (11) taking substantial amounts of invertebrate, seed and green plant material. Of the other five species, four can be considered herbivores and one a granivore. Of the four herbivores, however, one is extinct (Leporillus apicalis), one is restricted to an offshore island (Lep. conditor), while another (P. fieldi) is classified as a herbivore from a diet sample of four individuals only. Similarly, P. occidentalis is classified as a granivore on the basis of dietary sampling of two individuals alone. These findings indicate that omnivory, over and above any other dietary strategy including granivory, is predominant among rodents inhabiting Australian deserts.
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Brennan, G. K., i P. Newby. "Potential of Western Australian Eastern Goldfields timbers for high quality wood products". Australian Forestry 55, nr 1-4 (styczeń 1992): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049158.1992.10676100.

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Stafford, RA. "Preventing the 'Curse of California': Advice for English Emigrants to the Australian Goldfields." Historical Records of Australian Science 7, nr 3 (1987): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr9880730215.

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Hartley, Richard. "Bewick Moreing in Western Australian Gold Mining 1897-1904: Management Policies & Goldfields Responses". Labour History, nr 65 (1993): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27509195.

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Oliver, Bobbie, i Richard G. Hartley. "River of Steel: A History of the Western Australian Goldfields and Agricultural Water Supply". Labour History, nr 95 (2008): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27516329.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Australian goldfields"

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Croggon, Janice. "Strangers in a strange land : converging and accommodating Celtic identities in Ballarat 1851-1901". University of Ballarat, 2002. http://archimedes.ballarat.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/14598.

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"This thesis examines the paths by which four Celtic ethnic identities, Cornish, Welsh, Scottish and Irish, responded to the specific society and culture of the Victorian goldfields between 1850-1901. The individual Celtic groups intersected, harmonised and contested with each other in a process through which they retained their identities and yet managed to move towards becoming part of a larger, more-encompassing unity."
Doctor of Philosophy
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Wickham, Dorothy Glennys, i res cand@acu edu au. "Beyond the Wall: Ballarat Female Refuge: a Case study in moral authority". Australian Catholic University. School of Arts and Sciences, 2003. http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/digitaltheses/public/adt-acuvp42.02112007.

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This thesis examines the Ballarat Female Refuge, the first such institution on the Australian goldfields, as a case study of the interrelationship between charity and power. Established in 1867 by a group of twenty-six Protestant women with the intention of reforming prostitutes, the Refuge became a shelter for single mothers. An analysis of its history over the period 1867 to 1921 highlights attitudes towards female sexuality, and demonstrates how moral authority was exercised through this highly-gendered institution. The thesis locates the Ballarat Female Refuge within both an international history of female refuges and the network of voluntary charities which developed in nineteenth-century Ballarat. It argues that such charities were influential in the consolidation of class barriers in the goldfields city. While they were founded as a result of both evangelical religious fervour and humanitarian concern, they sought to impose middleclass moral values on their inmates, simultaneously conferring status and prestige on their committee members The thesis analyses the Protestant Ballarat Female Refuge through an examination of its committee, staff and residents in order to identify aspects of both power and mutuality in the charity relationship. It also looks at the symbolic systems operating at the Refuge, in particular the meanings of the wall and the laundry in the processes of exclusion and reformation. Drawing on narrative, biographical, statistical and genealogical sources, it details the ways in which moral authority was exercised through the Ballarat Female Refuge.
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au, chalwell@yahoo com, i Shane Thomas Samuel Chalwell. "Plant Communities of Greenstone Hills of the Eastern Goldfields of Western Australia as Analogues for the Rehabilitation of Rocky Waste Dumps". Murdoch University, 2003. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20041014.113057.

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The vegetation of greenstone hills in the Kalgoorlie area of the Eastern Goldfields region of Western Australia was studied to identify the key environmental influences on community and species distribution. This information was needed to determine if plant communities of the hills could provide analogues for the rehabilitation of waste rock dumps that are produced as a consequence of open cut mining. The ridges, slopes and flats adjacent to the main slope were examined and the floristic data sorted into communities. Two structurally and floristically distinct alliances were identified, one dominated by eucalypt species and the other by Acacia quadrimarginea. The eucalypt woodland displayed a taller upper stratum and few groundlayer species and was the dominant vegetation of the flats at the base of the hills. The acacia community was a low woodland and is the dominant vegetation of the hill slopes. Both communities were dominant at an equal number of sites on the ridges of the hills. An investigation of the environmental variables found that edaphic, rather than topographic, factors were responsible for the community distribution on the hills. The eucalypt woodland showed a strong affinity to soils derived from calcrete, which had higher levels of electrical conductivity and lower exchangeable sodium percentages than the soils of the acacia low woodland. Under such conditions, the clay fraction of the soil remains in a more flocculated state allowing higher rates of water infiltration and hydraulic conductivity compared to the acacia soils. Soil nutrients were found to have a secondary influence on community distribution and had a greater effect on species distribution within alliances. A study of the seasonal variation in water content of the soils showed that more moisture is retained in the upper soil horizons in the acacia community than in the eucalypt community during the wetter part of the year, indicating the acacia soils had poorer infiltration properties than the eucalypt soils. The distribution of drought tolerant species such as A. quadrimarginea and Prostanthera incurvata was found to be correlated to soil moisture content of the dry season whilst no correlation was found for the eucalypts at any time of the year. Seasonal comparisons of leaf moisture content and xylem pressure potential showed that the eucalypts maintained their total leaf moisture content throughout the year whereas species such as A. quadrimarginea and Allocasuarina campestris recorded high levels of desiccation of their leaf tissue over the summer. The eucalypts also maintained a more consistent pre-dawn xylem pressure potential throughout the year than either A. quadrimarginea or the shrub species Dodonaea microzyga, indicating a greater degree of stomatal control and access to a more consistent soil water supply. The eucalypts require access to a greater soil volume than the acacias or shrubs in order to ensure sufficient water supplies for the maintenance of tissue moisture levels throughout the year. In this way, the eucalypts are able to effectively avoid the summer drought, whereas the acacias and shrubs are able to tolerate desiccation of their leaf tissues over this period. Investigations of the germination requirements and early seedling survival of prominent species from the greenstone hills indicated that fire may be a factor in the regeneration of most hills species. All studied species were either tolerant of or responded positively to the application of dry heat. In relation to seedling establishment on waste dumps, increasing the soil moisture content of waste dump soils increased the germination rate of most species but did not result in greater seedling survival at the end of the first summer. The provision of microsites which encouraged root development and provided protection for the young seedlings was found to be more important in reducing mortality rates in the first year than increasing the total germination. The study emphasized the importance of physical soil factors and the soil moisture regime in the distribution of eucalypt and acacia communities on the greenstone hills. A species’ response to drought stress strongly influences its ability to compete for soil water on different soil types. The eucalypts studied in this project dominated on soils where there is better recharge of subsoil water reserves which can be accessed over the summer period to maintain tissue water levels. Acacias are tolerant of tissue desiccation and will compete successfully on shallower soils and where hydraulic conductivity is poor. Although the project was valuable in identifying water relations as the main control on community distribution on the hills, waste dumps are not strictly analogues of intact greenstone hills due to the differences in rock type and profile formation. Electrical conductivity levels are also higher due to extraction processes. However, the environmental relationships of the different species show that the more drought tolerant species such as Allocasuarina campestris, Acacia quadrimarginea and understorey species associated with them, may be suitable species to form the basis of vegetation reinstatement on waste dumps in the Kalgoorlie region.
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Hein, Kim A. A. "The geology and genesis of mineralization at the Tarcoola Goldfield, Tarcoola, South Australia /". Title page, contents and abstract only, 1989. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SB/09sbh468.pdf.

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Tripp, Gerard I. "Structural geology and gold mineralisation of the Ora Banda and Zuleika districts, Eastern Goldfields, Western Australia". Curtin University of Technology, School of Applied Geology, 2000. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=11707.

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Late-Archaean deformation at Ora Banda 69km northwest of Kalgoorlie, Western Australia, resulted in upright folds (D2), ductile shear zones (D3), and a regional-scale brittle-ductile fault network (D4). Early low-angle faults (D', D1), documented in the surrounding Coolgardie, Kambalda and Boorara Domains are not developed in the Ora Banda Domain, and the fabrics reflect only the latest ENE-WSW shortening event. The western limb of the regional-scale ESE- plunging Kurrawang syncline (D2), is truncated by the Zuleika Shear Zone (D3), a within- greenstone ductile shear zone located 10km southeast of Ora Banda. The shear zone has a much greater strike length (250km) than depth extent, as seismic imagery reveals a sharp truncation against a mid-crustal decollement at a depth of 6km-depth below surface. The Zuleika Shear Zone is a NW-SE trending band of anastomosing S-C mylonite zones formed in conjugate sets of NW- SE trending sinistral and N-S trending dextral shear zones. Widely distributed flattening strains and more restricted zones of non-coaxial shear in the Zuleika Shear Zone, suggest deformation-path partitioning typical of a transpressional tectonic environment. Latetectonic brittle-ductile faults (D4) cross-cut the Zuleika Shear Zone and surrounding greenstones, and hence are not Riedel structures or other lower order faults genetically related to the ductile shearing. Gold mineralisation of the Zuleika Shear Zone began during the ductile deformation (D3), continued through peak metamorphism that postdates the shearing, and finally ceased after the brittle-ductile faulting event (D4). Gold deposits are primarily located where brittle-ductile faults intersect the Zuleika Shear Zone.
Brittle-ductile faults (D4), are developed in three principal structural orientations: N-S (dextral), NE-SW (dextral) and E-W (sinistral). These faults display mutual cross-cutting relationships and were formed synchronously during a single regional shortening event. The brittle-ductile fault network is developed unevenly over the region, being localised in packets of high fracture-density referred to as structural zones. The Ora Banda structural zone is an area of high density faulting in the vicinity of Ora Banda, composed of a network of interlinked faults in which alternating ductile and brittle conditions produced cataclasite, breccia and quartz vein systems overprinting mylonite and schistosity. Other areas of high fracture-density (eg. Grants Patch and Mount Pleasant structural zones), are located within the NW-SE trending Ora Banda mafic sequence and spaced at 10km intervals to the southeast of Ora Banda. This spatial periodicity of high fracturedensity within the mafic sequence may have developed as a result of layer-parallel extension during ENE- WSW regional shortening. Gold deposits are concentrated in the Ora Banda, Grants Patch and Mount Pleasant structural zones. Gold distribution within the Ora Banda structural zone traces out the distribution of brittle-ductile faults, indicating that the fault network was the major pathway for fluid flow during mineralisation. Hydrothermal minerals are integral components of fault fabrics within the structural zone, and textures indicate that the faults were formed under conditions of high fluid pressure and, for much of the deformation, may have been fluid-generated.
At Ora Banda the Enterprise gold deposit (40 tonnes Au) highlights the control of mesoscopic- scale fractures on gold distribution. On aeromagnetic imagery, the Enterprise fault zone appears as a narrow fault structure, but at a mesoscopic-scale, it is a broad zone of interlinked brittle-ductile faults and quartz veins. Fabrics developed in the layered, differentiated dolerite host rocks of the Enterprise fault zone, range from cataclasite to banded mylonite with a major component of net- veined breccia (mesofracturing). Kinematic analyses of fault slip lineations reveal an 055 directed (ENE-WSW) maximum shortening axis during brittle-ductile faulting. Microfabrics of the faults show extensive recrystallisation with significant post-deformation recovery that may be related to late to post - tectonic intrusion of the adjacent Lone Hand Monzogranite. Deformation mechanisms indicate that the D4 event occurred at a low-to-moderate temperature, in a low strain-rate enviromnent typical of mid to upper-greenschist facies crustal conditions. Gold mineralisation in the Enterprise deposit is controlled by faults with high-grade shoot development at the intersection of faults and host rock contacts that may represent gradients in tensile rock-strength. Although gold distribution indicates that faults are a major control on mineralisation, at a microscopic-scale, the control is by a linked network of microfractures that pervades the host rocks.
Fry analysis of gold deposits within the Ora Banda mafic sequence shows clustering into groups with about 10km spacing. Coincidence of high fracture-density zones and gold deposits in 1Okm spaced-corridors reveals the regional-scale nature of gold mineralisation within the brittle-ductile fault network. Fluid-pressure gradients generated by pressure release during high-density fracturing, may have effectively increased fluid-rock ratios by focussing of metamorphic fluids through these areas. The largest gold deposits in the Ora Banda mafic sequence are hosted by 060-090 trending brittle-ductile faults with dilational textures (hydraulic breccia), and minor evidence of slip with negligible offsets. The orientation of these structures is sub-parallel to the regional axis of maximum shortening, hence an environment of fluid overpressuring in the presence of a far-field stress system produced conditions where fluid pressure is greater than or equal to the combined minimum compressive stress and the tensile rock strength. Such conditions are conducive to multiple failure episodes with fluid-pressure cycling and transient permeability as a consequence of fault reactivation. Formation of the brittle-ductile fault network occurred as a result of a delicate balance between deviatoric stress and fluid pressure, hence incremental fault development contributed to, and was a consequence of, the gold mineralisation event.
The geometric relations of shear zones, brittle-ductile faults and gold mineralised zones are similar across all scales of observation from regional to microscopic and are therefore fractal. Fractal geometry indicates that deformation and gold mineralisation are temporally and genetically associated, and this combined with the textural relationships of the gold ores indicates that the sites of gold deposition were not structurally prepared prior to mineralisation. Development of early ductile to later brittle-ductile structures indicates changing conditions of deformation typical of decreasing crustal depth, or a variation of strain rate with time. The lack of a significant change in orientation of the maximum shortening direction and continuance of gold mineralisation throughout ductile and brittle deformation events, implies that deformation was progressive during a bulk shortening that accompanied uplift of the crust.
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Rohrlach, Bruce D. "The structural geology and mineralization at the Reedy's Gold Mines, Murchison Goldfield, Western Australia /". Title page, abstract and contents only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SB/09sbr739.pdf.

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Hodkiewicz, Paul. "The interplay between physical and chemical processes in the formation of world-class orogenic gold deposits in the Eastern Goldfields Province, Western Australia". University of Western Australia. Centre for Global Metallogeny, 2003. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2004.0057.

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[Formulae and special characters can only be approximated here. Please see the pdf version of the abstract for an accurate reproduction.] The formation of world-class Archean orogenic gold deposits in the Eastern Goldfields Province of Western Australia was the result of a critical combination of physical and chemical processes that modified a single and widespread ore-fluid along fluid pathways and at the sites of gold deposition. Increased gold endowment in these deposits is associated with efficient regional-scale fluid focusing mechanisms and the influence of multiple ore-depositional processes at the deposit-scale. Measurement of the complexity of geologic features, as displayed in high-quality geologic maps of uniform data density, can be used to highlight areas that influence regional-scale hydrothermal fluid flow. Useful measurements of geological complexity include fractal dimensions of map patterns, density and orientation of faults and lithologic contacts, and proportions of rock types. Fractal dimensions of map patterns of lithologic contacts and faults highlight complexity gradients. Steep complexity gradients, between domains of high and low fractal dimensions within a greenstone belt, correspond to district-scale regions that have the potential to focus the flow of large volumes of hydrothermal fluid, which is critical for the formation of significant orogenic gold mineralization. Steep complexity gradients commonly occur in greenstone belts where thick sedimentary units overly more complex patterns of lithologic contacts, associated with mafic intrusive and mafic volcanic units. The sedimentary units in these areas potentially acted as seals to the hydrothermal Mineral Systems, which resulted in fluid-pressure gradients and increased fluid flow. The largest gold deposits in the Kalgoorlie Terrane and the Laverton Tectonic Zone occur at steep complexity gradients adjacent to thick sedimentary units, indicating the significance of these structural settings to gold endowment. Complexity gradients, as displayed in surface map patterns, are an indication of three-dimensional connectivity along fluid pathways, between fluid source areas and deposit locations. Systematic changes in the orientation of crustal-scale shear zones are also significant and measurable map features. The largest gold deposits along the Bardoc Tectonic Zone and Boulder-Lefroy Shear Zone, in the Eastern Goldfields Province, occur where there are counter-clockwise changes in shear zone orientation, compared to the average orientation of the shear zone along its entire length. Sinistral movement along these shear zones resulted in the formation of district-scale dilational jogs and focused hydrothermal fluid-flow at the Golden Mile, New Celebration and Victory-Defiance deposits. Faults and lithologic contacts are the dominant fluid pathways in orogenic gold Mineral Systems, and measurements of the density of faults and contacts are also a method of quantifying the complexity of geologic map patterns on high-quality maps. Significantly higher densities of pathways in areas surrounding larger gold deposits are measurable within 20- and 5-kilometer search radii around them. Large variations in the sulfur isotopic composition of ore-related pyrites in orogenic gold deposits in the Eastern Goldfields Province are the result of different golddepositional mechanisms and the in-situ oxidation of a primary ore fluid in specific structural settings. Phase separation and wall-rock carbonation are potentially the most common mechanisms of ore-fluid oxidation and gold precipitation. The influence of multiple gold-depositional mechanisms increases the potential for significant ore-fluid oxidation, and more importantly, provides an effective means of increasing gold endowment. This explains the occurrence of negative δ34S values in ore-related pyrites in some world-class orogenic gold deposits. Sulfur isotopic compositions alone cannot uniquely define potential gold endowment. However, in combination with structural, hydrothermal alteration and fluid inclusion studies that also seek to identify multiple ore-forming processes, they can be a useful indicator. The structural setting of a deposit is also a potentially important factor controlling ore-fluid oxidation and the distribution of δ34S values in ore-related pyrites. At Victory-Defiance, the occurrence of negative δ34S(py) values in gently-dipping dilational structures, compared to more positive δ34S(py) values in steeply-dipping compressional structures, is potentially associated with different gold-depositional mechanisms that developed as a result of fluid-pressure fluctuations during different stages of the fault-valve cycle. During the pre-failure stage, when fluids are discharging from faults, fluid-rock interaction is the dominant gold-depositional mechanism. Phase separation and back-mixing of modified ore-fluid components are dominant during and immediately after faulting. Under appropriate conditions, any, or all, of these three mechanisms can oxidize orogenic gold fluids and cause gold deposition. The influence of multiple gold-depositional mechanisms during fault-valve cycles at dilational jogs, where fluid pressure fluctuations are interpreted to be most severe, can potentially explain both the large gold endowment of the giant to world-class Golden Mile, New Celebration and Victory-Defiance deposits along the Boulder-Lefroy Shear Zone, and the presence of gold-related pyrites with negative δ34S values in these deposits. This study highlights the interplay that exists between physical and chemical processes in orogenic gold Mineral Systems, during the transport of ore fluids in pathways from original fluid reservoirs to deposit sites. Potentially, a single and widespread orogenic ore-fluid could become oxidized, and lead to the formation of ore-related sulfides with variable sulfur isotopic compositions, depending on the nature and orientation of major fluid pathways, the nature of wall-rocks through which it circulates, and the precise ore-depositional processes that develop during fault-valve cycles.
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Chalwell, Shane Thomas Samuel. "Plant communities of greenstone hills of the Eastern Goldfields of Western Australia as analogues for the rehabilitation of rocky waste dumps". Chalwell, Shane Thomas Samuel (2003) Plant communities of greenstone hills of the Eastern Goldfields of Western Australia as analogues for the rehabilitation of rocky waste dumps. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2003. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/510/.

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The vegetation of greenstone hills in the Kalgoorlie area of the Eastern Goldfields region of Western Australia was studied to identify the key environmental influences on community and species distribution. This information was needed to determine if plant communities of the hills could provide analogues for the rehabilitation of waste rock dumps that are produced as a consequence of open cut mining. The ridges, slopes and flats adjacent to the main slope were examined and the floristic data sorted into communities. Two structurally and floristically distinct alliances were identified, one dominated by eucalypt species and the other by Acacia quadrimarginea. The eucalypt woodland displayed a taller upper stratum and few groundlayer species and was the dominant vegetation of the flats at the base of the hills. The acacia community was a low woodland and is the dominant vegetation of the hill slopes. Both communities were dominant at an equal number of sites on the ridges of the hills. An investigation of the environmental variables found that edaphic, rather than topographic, factors were responsible for the community distribution on the hills. The eucalypt woodland showed a strong affinity to soils derived from calcrete, which had higher levels of electrical conductivity and lower exchangeable sodium percentages than the soils of the acacia low woodland. Under such conditions, the clay fraction of the soil remains in a more flocculated state allowing higher rates of water infiltration and hydraulic conductivity compared to the acacia soils. Soil nutrients were found to have a secondary influence on community distribution and had a greater effect on species distribution within alliances. A study of the seasonal variation in water content of the soils showed that more moisture is retained in the upper soil horizons in the acacia community than in the eucalypt community during the wetter part of the year, indicating the acacia soils had poorer infiltration properties than the eucalypt soils. The distribution of drought tolerant species such as A. quadrimarginea and Prostanthera incurvata was found to be correlated to soil moisture content of the dry season whilst no correlation was found for the eucalypts at any time of the year. Seasonal comparisons of leaf moisture content and xylem pressure potential showed that the eucalypts maintained their total leaf moisture content throughout the year whereas species such as A. quadrimarginea and Allocasuarina campestris recorded high levels of desiccation of their leaf tissue over the summer. The eucalypts also maintained a more consistent pre-dawn xylem pressure potential throughout the year than either A. quadrimarginea or the shrub species Dodonaea microzyga, indicating a greater degree of stomatal control and access to a more consistent soil water supply. The eucalypts require access to a greater soil volume than the acacias or shrubs in order to ensure sufficient water supplies for the maintenance of tissue moisture levels throughout the year. In this way, the eucalypts are able to effectively avoid the summer drought, whereas the acacias and shrubs are able to tolerate desiccation of their leaf tissues over this period. Investigations of the germination requirements and early seedling survival of prominent species from the greenstone hills indicated that fire may be a factor in the regeneration of most hills species. All studied species were either tolerant of or responded positively to the application of dry heat. In relation to seedling establishment on waste dumps, increasing the soil moisture content of waste dump soils increased the germination rate of most species but did not result in greater seedling survival at the end of the first summer. The provision of microsites which encouraged root development and provided protection for the young seedlings was found to be more important in reducing mortality rates in the first year than increasing the total germination. The study emphasized the importance of physical soil factors and the soil moisture regime in the distribution of eucalypt and acacia communities on the greenstone hills. A species' response to drought stress strongly influences its ability to compete for soil water on different soil types. The eucalypts studied in this project dominated on soils where there is better recharge of subsoil water reserves which can be accessed over the summer period to maintain tissue water levels. Acacias are tolerant of tissue desiccation and will compete successfully on shallower soils and where hydraulic conductivity is poor. Although the project was valuable in identifying water relations as the main control on community distribution on the hills, waste dumps are not strictly analogues of intact greenstone hills due to the differences in rock type and profile formation. Electrical conductivity levels are also higher due to extraction processes. However, the environmental relationships of the different species show that the more drought tolerant species such as Allocasuarina campestris, Acacia quadrimarginea and understorey species associated with them, may be suitable species to form the basis of vegetation reinstatement on waste dumps in the Kalgoorlie region.
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Jefferson, Lara Vanessa. "The biology and ecology of species of Maireana and Enchylaena : intra- and inter- specific competition in plant communities in the eastern goldfields of Western Australia /". Curtin University of Technology, School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, 2001. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=14451.

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Members of the family Chenopodiaceae are routinely used as colonizer plant species to rehabilitate waste and tailings materials on mine sites in the Eastern Goldfields of Western Australia. These are specifically selected for their salt and drought tolerance and also because they are representative of the surrounding natural vegetation. Where these have been sown, competition between several species has been observed. The resulting plant community structure is typically lower in species diversity than the initial seed mixture. This study aimed to determine whether competition was occurring between five of the species commonly used and some of the mechanisms that determine community structure on the rehabilitated areas of waste material. Atriplex bunburyana, Atriplex codonocarpa, Maireana brevifolia, Maireana georgei and Enchylaena tomentosa were selected for the study, which was conducted in three parts. Firstly, different plant densities and species combinations were studied in the field and in a pot trial to determine whether or not competition was occurring and to determine the resources that the plants were competing for. The results of the field trial revealed that competition was occurring, but that it formed only one component of the complex interactions between plant species, density and soil characteristics (i.e. pH and salinity). The pot trial complemented the outcome of the field trial. In addition, it showed that competition was occurring, but was even more pronounced. This was most likely due to the lack of nutrients and the limited availability of space in the pots.
In the second part of this study, the ability of each species to survive and grow when subjected to adverse environmental conditions, such as low moisture availability, high salinity and low light availability, was examined in relation to competition. All five species were treated with different water regimes and soil salinity. Salt played an important role, especially for the Atriplex spp. and M. brevifolia, in ensuring survival when moisture availability was low. The effect of shade on the Maireana species and E. tomentosa was also researched after field observations suggested that M georgei was adversely affected when growing within the canopy of A. bunburyana. The pot trial showed that growth of M. georgei was affected by progressively more shade, whereas E. tomentosa was facilitated by shade. Maireana brevifolia exhibited significant tolerance to low light intensity. In the last part of this three-part study, all five chenopods were screened for allelopathy. Allelopathy may play an important role in determining community structure in successive plant generations. All chenopod species produced allelopathic substances, which were isolated from their leaves. The inhibition of seed germination was found to be speciesspecific and occurred only at certain concentrations. The seed of the Atriplex spp. was not affected by M. georgei and E. tomentosa extracts.
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Williams, Jennifer Ann. "The Chiltern Standard newspaper 1859-1860 : an expression of community life /". Connect to thesis, 1986. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/2387.

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This thesis is a study of a Victorian country newspaper, the Chiltern Standard during the period 1859-60. Using the Indigo-Chiltern goldfield (discovered in 1858) as a case study, it investigates how the life of the community was expressed through the pages of its local paper.
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Książki na temat "Australian goldfields"

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Thompson, Scott A. Reptiles of the Western Australian goldfields. [Perth, W.A.?]: Goldfields Environmental Management Group, 2006.

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Hill End: An historic Australian goldfields landscape. Carlton, Vic: Melbourne University Press, 2003.

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Thatcher, Charles R. Life on the goldfields: An entertainment. Christchurch, N.Z: School of Music, University of Canterbury, 1996.

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King, Norma. The voice of the goldfields: 100 years of the Kalgoorlie miner. Kalgoorlie: Hocking, 1995.

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Cahir, Fred. Black Gold: Aboriginal People on the Goldfields of Victoria, 1850-1870. Canberra: ANU Press, 2012.

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Johnson, S. L. Groundwater resources of the Northern Goldfields, Western Australia. East Perth, W.A: Resource Investigations Division, Water and Rivers Commission, 1999.

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Susan, Lawrence. Dolly's Creek: An archaeology of a Victorian goldfields community. Carlton South, Vic: Melbourne University Press, 2000.

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Golden days: Being memoirs and reminiscences of the Goldfields of Western Australia. Carlisle, W.A: Hesperian Press, 1996.

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Mackie, A. W. Geology and mining history of the Arltunga goldfield, 1887-1985. Darwin: Govt. Printer of the Northern Territory, 1986.

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Beyond boundary fences: Some incidents of early life on the goldfields of Western Australia. Victoria Park, W.A: Hesperian Press, 1996.

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Części książek na temat "Australian goldfields"

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Morey, Anthony A., Roberto F. Weinberg i Frank P. Bierlein. "Deformation history and multiple gold mineralisation events within the Bardoc Tectonic Zone, Eastern Goldfields, Western Australia". W Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge, 557–60. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27946-6_143.

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"Wangkai (Western Australian Goldfields)". W Encyclopedia of Public Health, 1449. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5614-7_3703.

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Kinsella, John. "Further reconstruction: coda or prologue?" W Polysituatedness. Manchester University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526113344.003.0027.

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The plot thickens or maybe gains a little more clarity when it comes to Charles Walker and the first published volume of poetry published in Western Australia/Perth. I have got hold of pages from Beverley Smith’s 1961 MA thesis ‘Early Western Australian Literature: A Guide to Colonial Life and Goldfields Life’...
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"Gender and community structure on Australian colonial goldfields". W Social Approaches to an Industrial Past, 55–74. Routledge, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203068922-9.

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Gregson, P. J. "Monitoring seismic events, Eastern Goldfields, Western Australia". W Geotechnical Instrumentation and Monitoring in Open Pit and Underground Mining, 175–81. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003077756-23.

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West, Geoff, Mihai Lazarescu i Monica Ou. "Telederm". W Biomedical Knowledge Management, 154–76. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-266-4.ch011.

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In this chapter we describe a web-based decision support system called Telederm that has been developed with the aim of helping general practitioners diagnose skin ailments from a knowledge base while allowing incremental updates of the knowledge base as cases occur. We outline the two major challenges in developing the Telederm system: developing a general practitioner query process that is easily accessible and building knowledge validation in a case-based reasoning system. We provide a detailed description of our approaches to address these problems which involve the use of artificial intelligence classification and reasoning techniques. The system was deployed in a large scale trial in the Eastern Goldfields of Western Australia and we present the results and feedback obtained from an evaluation by the general practitioners involved.
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Gerrard, J. "Stormwater harvesting in open pit final voids in the Northern Goldfields of Western Australia". W Management of Aquifer Recharge for Sustainability, 425–30. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003078838-87.

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Sanchez-Palacios, J., A. Doronila, A. Baker i I. Woodrow. "Performance of Eucalyptus species on capped arsenic-rich gold mine tailings in the Victorian Goldfields, Australia". W Arsenic in the Environment - Proceedings, 380–82. CRC Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b16767-142.

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Wyche, Stephen, Yongjun Lu i Michael T. D. Wingate. "Evidence of Hadean to Paleoarchean Crust in the Youanmi and South West Terranes, and Eastern Goldfields Superterrane of the Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia". W Earth's Oldest Rocks, 279–92. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-63901-1.00013-7.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Australian goldfields"

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Moreno, Juan, Samuel Kendall i Andres Ortiz. "Dewatering options for management of fine gold tailings in Western Australian Goldfields". W 21st International Seminar on Paste and Thickened Tailings. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1805_34_moreno.

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Doronila, Augustine, L. Yan, G. Narsilio i S. Yuen. "The effects of two Australian native grasses on the stability of soil cover on sulphidic gold mine tailings in the goldfields of southeastern Australia". W Fourth International Conference on Mine Closure. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_repo/908_33.

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Gilbert, David R. "The Western Australia Goldfields Water Supply: An International Historic Civil Engineering Landmark". W World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2013. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412947.006.

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Thompson, Graham, i Scott Thompson. "Small Vertebrate Colonisers of Mine Site Rehabilitated Waste Dumps in the Goldfields of Western Australia". W First International Seminar on Mine Closure. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_repo/605_24.

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Sanchez-Palacios, Jose, Augustine Doronila, Alan Baker i Ian Woodrow. "Performance of Eucalyptus species on capped arsenic-rich gold mine tailings in the Victorian Goldfields, Australia". W Eighth International Seminar on Mine Closure. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Cornwall, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1352_27_doronila.

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Quan, Hongyan, Ian Graham, Rohan Worland, Lewis Adler, Christian Dietz i Alan Greig. "Mineralisation, Alteration Assemblages, Geochemistry and Stable Isotopes of the Intermediate-Sulfidation Epithermal Kylo Deposit, Drake Goldfield, North-Eastern NSW, Australia". W The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Mineral Science. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecms2021-09347.

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Madayag, Emmanuel, Ian Graham, Hongyan Quan, Rohan Worland, Lewis Adler i Christian Dietz. "Mineralisation, alteration assemblages, geochemistry and stable isotopes of the low-sulfidation epithermal Strauss deposit, Drake Goldfield, north-eastern NSW, Australia". W The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Mineral Science. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecms2021-09350.

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