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Chen, Chih-Ming, i Chung Chang. "A Chinese ancient book digital humanities research platform to support digital humanities research". Electronic Library 37, nr 2 (1.04.2019): 314–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-10-2018-0213.
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PurposeWith the rapid development of digital humanities, some digital humanities platforms have been successfully developed to support digital humanities research for humanists. However, most of them have still not provided a friendly digital reading environment and practicable social network analysis tool to support humanists on interpreting texts and exploring characters’ social network relationships. Moreover, the advancement of digitization technologies for the retrieval and use of Chinese ancient books is arising an unprecedented challenge and opportunity. For these reasons, this paper aims to present a Chinese ancient books digital humanities research platform (CABDHRP) to support historical China studies. In addition to providing digital archives, digital reading, basic search and advanced search functions for Chinese ancient books, this platform still provides two novel functions that can more effectively support digital humanities research, including an automatic text annotation system (ATAS) for interpreting texts and a character social network relationship map tool (CSNRMT) for exploring characters’ social network relationships.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopted DSpace, an open-source institutional repository system, to serve as a digital archives system for archiving scanned images, metadata, and full texts to develop the CABDHRP for supporting digital humanities (DH) research. Moreover, the ATAS developed in the CABDHRP used the Node.js framework to implement the system’s front- and back-end services, as well as application programming interfaces (APIs) provided by different databases, such as China Biographical Database (CBDB) and TGAZ, used to retrieve the useful linked data (LD) sources for interpreting ancient texts. Also, Neo4j which is an open-source graph database management system was used to implement the CSNRMT of the CABDHRP. Finally, JavaScript and jQuery were applied to develop a monitoring program embedded in the CABDHRP to record the use processes from humanists based on xAPI (experience API). To understand the research participants’ perception when interpreting the historical texts and characters’ social network relationships with the support of ATAS and CSNRMT, semi-structured interviews with 21 research participants were conducted.FindingsAn ATAS embedded in the reading interface of CABDHRP can collect resources from different databases through LD for automatically annotating ancient texts to support digital humanities research. It allows the humanists to refer to resources from diverse databases when interpreting ancient texts, as well as provides a friendly text annotation reader for humanists to interpret ancient text through reading. Additionally, the CSNRMT provided by the CABDHRP can semi-automatically identify characters’ names based on Chinese word segmentation technology and humanists’ support to confirm and analyze characters’ social network relationships from Chinese ancient books based on visualizing characters’ social networks as a knowledge graph. The CABDHRP not only can stimulate humanists to explore new viewpoints in a humanistic research, but also can promote the public to emerge the learning interest and awareness of Chinese ancient books.Originality/valueThis study proposed a novel CABDHRP that provides the advanced features, including the automatic word segmentation of Chinese text, automatic Chinese text annotation, semi-automatic character social network analysis and user behavior analysis, that are different from other existed digital humanities platforms. Currently, there is no this kind of digital humanities platform developed for humanists to support digital humanities research.
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Yang, Qi, Haris N. Koutsopoulos i Moshe E. Ben-Akiva. "Simulation Laboratory for Evaluating Dynamic Traffic Management Systems". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1710, nr 1 (styczeń 2000): 122–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1710-14.
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Advanced traffic management systems (ATMS) and advanced traveler information systems (ATIS) are promising technologies for achieving efficiency in the operation of transportation systems. A simulation-based laboratory environment, MITSIMLab, is presented that is designed for testing and evaluation of dynamic traffic management systems. The core of MITSIMLab is a microscopic traffic simulator (MITSIM) and a traffic management simulator (TMS). MITSIM represents traffic flows in the network, and the TMS represents the traffic management system under evaluation. An important feature of MITSIMLab is its ability to model ATMS or ATIS that generate traffic controls and route guidance based on predicted traffic conditions. A graphical user interface allows visualization of the simulation, including animation of vehicle movements. An ATIS case study with a realistic network is also presented to demonstrate the functionality of MITSIMLab.
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Li, Ruimin, Hongliang Ma, Huapu Lu i Min Guo. "Research and Application of the Beijing Road Traffic Prediction System". Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/316032.
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As an important part of the urban Advanced Traffic Management Systems (ATMS) and Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS), short-term road traffic prediction system has received special attention in recent decades. The success of ATMS and ATIS technology deployment is heavily dependent on the availability of timely and accurate estimation or prediction of prevailing and emerging traffic conditions. We studied a real-time road traffic prediction system developed for Beijing based on various traffic detection systems. The logical architecture of the system was presented, including raw data level, data processing and calculation level, and application level. Four key function servers were introduced, namely, the database server, calculation server, Geographic Information System (GIS) server, and web application server. The functions, function modules, and the data flow of the proposed traffic prediction system were analyzed, and subsequently prediction models used in this system are described. Finally, the prediction performance of the system in practice was analyzed. The application of the system in Beijing indicated that the proposed and developed system was feasible, robust, and reliable in practice.
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Xie, Junping. "A Spiral Development Model for an Advanced Traffic Management System (ATMS) Architecture Based on Prototype". International Journal of Science, Technology and Society 3, nr 6 (2015): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20150306.15.
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Ramakrishna, Maanyam, i Bandaru Ramesh. "Identification and Mitigation of Blackspots and Implementation of An Advanced Traffic Management System on NH-216A (A Spur of National Highway-16)". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 5 (31.05.2022): 345–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.42177.
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Abstract: As the population is increasing day by day the number of vehicles is also increasing. As the number of vehicles is increasing, the number of accidents also increases. Analysis of previous data indicates that 66% of the accidents occur due to human error and 33% due to road parameters such as road and vehicle interaction, other road users, and environmental factors. Road safety has recently become a major concern in most modern societies. The identification of sites (black spots) that are more dangerous from an accident point of view can help in better scheduling road safety policies. The study includes the collection of accident data and prioritizing the accident-prone locations by using the Weighted Severity Index (WSI) method. This study includes the identification of Accidental Black Spots and improving these Accidental Black Spots by using ATMS. This project emphasizes accident studies on the National Highway-216A (Diwancheruvu to Siddantham) in East Godavari District, State of Andhra Pradesh, India. So the main aim of this study is, therefore, to identify the major accident black spots on National Highway -16 and mitigation of Accidental Black Spots by using Advanced Traffic Management System. Keywords: Accident, National Highway, Black Spots, Advanced Traffic Management System (ATMS), Weighted Severity Index (WSI).
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Akabane, Ademar Takeo, Roger Immich, Richard Wenner Pazzi, Edmundo Roberto Mauro Madeira i Leandro Aparecido Villas. "Exploiting Vehicular Social Networks and Dynamic Clustering to Enhance Urban Mobility Management". Sensors 19, nr 16 (15.08.2019): 3558. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19163558.
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Transport authorities are employing advanced traffic management system (ATMS) to improve vehicular traffic management efficiency. ATMS currently uses intelligent traffic lights and sensors distributed along the roads to achieve its goals. Furthermore, there are other promising technologies that can be applied more efficiently in place of the abovementioned ones, such as vehicular networks and 5G. In ATMS, the centralized approach to detect congestion and calculate alternative routes is one of the most adopted because of the difficulty of selecting the most appropriate vehicles in highly dynamic networks. The advantage of this approach is that it takes into consideration the scenario to its full extent at every execution. On the other hand, the distributed solution needs to previously segment the entire scenario to select the vehicles. Additionally, such solutions suggest alternative routes in a selfish fashion, which can lead to secondary congestions. These open issues have inspired the proposal of a distributed system of urban mobility management based on a collaborative approach in vehicular social networks (VSNs), named SOPHIA. The VSN paradigm has emerged from the integration of mobile communication devices and their social relationships in the vehicular environment. Therefore, social network analysis (SNA) and social network concepts (SNC) are two approaches that can be explored in VSNs. Our proposed solution adopts both SNA and SNC approaches for alternative route-planning in a collaborative way. Additionally, we used dynamic clustering to select the most appropriate vehicles in a distributed manner. Simulation results confirmed that the combined use of SNA, SNC, and dynamic clustering, in the vehicular environment, have great potential in increasing system scalability as well as improving urban mobility management efficiency.
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Perez, William A., i Truman M. Mast. "Human Factors and Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS)". Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 36, nr 15 (październik 1992): 1073–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/107118192786749694.
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The nation's motoring public is increasingly burdened by recalcitrant transportation problems, many of them directly attributable to increasing traffic congestion. In response to this, the US. Department of transportation is actively moving on several fronts to address this problem. One of the more promising approaches to relieving congestion is through the design and implementation of new technology in the Intelligent Vehicle/Highway System (IVHS). IVHS is composed of five elements: Advanced Traffic Management Systems (ATMS), Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS), Commercial Vehicle Operations (CVO), Advanced Vehicle Control Systems (AVCS), and Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS). This paper will discuss human factors issues associated with ATIS.
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Amin-Naseri, Mostafa, Pranamesh Chakraborty, Anuj Sharma, Stephen B. Gilbert i Mingyi Hong. "Evaluating the Reliability, Coverage, and Added Value of Crowdsourced Traffic Incident Reports from Waze". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, nr 43 (8.08.2018): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118790619.
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Traffic managers strive to have the most accurate information on road conditions, normally by using sensors and cameras, to act effectively in response to incidents. The prevalence of crowdsourced traffic information that has become available to traffic managers brings hope and yet raises important questions about the proper strategy for allocating resources to monitoring methods. Although many researchers have indicated the potential value in crowdsourced data, it is crucial to quantitatively explore its validity and coverage as a new source of data. This research studied crowdsourced data from a smartphone navigation application called Waze to identify the characteristics of this social sensor and provide a comparison with some of the common sources of data in traffic management. Moreover, this work quantifies the potential additional coverage that Waze can provide to existing sources of the advanced traffic management system (ATMS). One year of Waze data was compared with the recorded incidents in the Iowa’s ATMS in the same timeframe. Overall, the findings indicated that the crowdsourced data stream from Waze is an invaluable source of information for traffic monitoring with broad coverage (covering 43.2% of ATMS crash and congestion reports), timely reporting (on average 9.8 minutes earlier than a probe-based alternative), and reasonable geographic accuracy. Waze reports currently make significant contributions to incident detection and were found to have potential for further complementing the ATMS coverage of traffic conditions. In addition to these findings, the crowdsourced data evaluation procedure in this work provides researchers with a flexible framework for data evaluation.
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Murray, John, i Yili Liu. "Operator Support in Traffic Management: A Heuristics Model and Experimental Study". Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 40, nr 18 (październik 1996): 872–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129604001801.
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The identification of problems from numeric traffic measurements is an important part of control center activities in ATMS (Advanced Traffic Management Systems). However, an information modeling process that relies solely upon ‘traditional’ quantitative data analysis does not reflect faithfully the actual methods used by human operators. In addition to common-sense knowledge and specific contextual information, operators also use various heuristics and rules-of-thumb to supplement the numerical analysis. This paper describes an experiment to examine the effectiveness of an expert system that integrates quantitative and qualitative traffic information using a human-centered knowledge system design. The system's performance was investigated using a data suite of real traffic scenarios; the statistically significant results showed that the integrated process had superior performance compared to the ‘traditional’ quantitative analysis running alone.
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Yang, Zhaosheng, Qichun Bing, Ciyun Lin, Nan Yang i Duo Mei. "Research on Short-Term Traffic Flow Prediction Method Based on Similarity Search of Time Series". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/184632.
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Short-time traffic flow prediction is necessary for advanced traffic management system (ATMS) and advanced traveler information system (ATIS). In order to improve the effect of short-term traffic flow prediction, this paper presents a short-term traffic flow multistep prediction method based on similarity search of time series. Firstly, the landmark model is used to represent time series of traffic flow data. Then the input data of prediction model are determined through searching similar time series. Finally, the echo state networks model is used for traffic flow multistep prediction. The performance of the proposed method is measured with expressway traffic flow data collected from loop detectors in Shanghai, China. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve better multistep prediction performance than conventional methods.
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Mast, Truman M., i Joseph I. Peters. "Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS): Human Factors Issues in Subsystem Development". Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 36, nr 15 (październik 1992): 1063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/107118192786749649.
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Intelligent Vehicle-Highway Systems (IVHS) is a major U.S. Department of Transportation initiative to improve the safety and efficiency of our nation's highways. IVHS includes five related components: Advanced Traffic Management Systems (ATMS); Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS); Commercial Vehicle Operations (CVO); Advanced Vehicle Control Systems (AVCS); and, Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS). Although the Federal Highway Administration has initially chosen to address each of these components separately, a number of issues are shared by all components. One critical common element deals with the capabilities of the humans in the system. Appropriate guidelines that consider the needs and capabilities of operators, maintainers, and users will be critical for efficient functioning of each system. Efforts are underway to define and resolve critical human factors issues related to IVHS components. This symposium addresses four of the five more highway related IVHS components. For each of these components, presenters will define the key engineering characteristics, hypothetical scenarios that focus on human-system interfaces, and examples of human factors issues that must be considered in the design of IVHS systems.
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Ng, Wee Siong, Justin Cheng, XianJun Wang i Sivakumar Viswanathan. "An Efficient Information Services-Centric Framework for Commuter". International Journal of Information Systems in the Service Sector 4, nr 1 (styczeń 2012): 22–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jisss.2012010102.
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One of the major objectives of Advanced Traffic Management Systems (ATMS) is to reduce traffic congestion in urban environments by improving the efficiency of utilization of existing transport infrastructures. Many creative and efficient technologies have been developed over the years. Although commuters, especially drivers, take a critical part in containing traffic congestion problems, they are playing a passive role in the traffic-management ecosystem. Considerably, this is due to the information asymmetry between ATMS decision makers and commuters; what is missing is a matching mechanism to create a bridge between information providers and information consumers in the mobile environment. The authors’ solution provides an efficient services-centric framework for delivering pertinent information to commuters. Probe vehicles are used to estimate the real-time traffic flow and disseminate this information effectively to users’ mobile devices. A 2-level indexing scheme is designed to effectively index the grid cells which contain the spatial information and a location-aware mobile application and back-end services are also implemented. Processed information is disseminated to users’ mobile devices through wireless means and presented in a user friendly interface. Experimental results show that this system is scalable and responsive.
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Park, Hyun Su, Yong Woo Park, Oh Hoon Kwon i Shin Hyoung Park. "Applying Clustered KNN Algorithm for Short-Term Travel Speed Prediction and Reduced Speed Detection on Urban Arterial Road Work Zones". Journal of Advanced Transportation 2022 (4.02.2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1107048.
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This study developed and verified a travel speed prediction model based on the travel speed and work zone statistics collected from the advanced traffic management system (ATMS) real-time data in Daegu, South Korea. A clustered K-nearest neighbors (CKNN) algorithm was used to predict travel speed, resulting in a 6.9% average mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) using the data from 1,815 work zones. Furthermore, road network impact due to road work was calculated by comparing the travel speed prediction results obtained from the historical speed data. The predicted travel speed data in a work zone generated from this study is expected to allow drivers to select optimized paths and use them for traffic management strategies to operate in a work zone efficiently.
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Runyoro, Angela-Aida K., Irina Zlotnikova i Jesuk Ko. "Towards automated road information framework a case study of Tanzania". Transport and Telecommunication Journal 15, nr 1 (1.03.2014): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ttj-2014-0002.
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Abstract Traffic congestion problem has been noticed to have a serious impact on the economy of the country in terms of time wastage, energy consumption costs, human loss and environmental effects. Different strategies have been used so far all over the world as shown in the literature review. Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) is a multi-technology approach that can help to handle the issues and create a complete congestion reduction framework. This paper presents a case study for implementing automated road management system using networks in Tanzania, where three cities highly affected by traffic congestion have been studied. Study results show that these cities have not yet implemented new technologies in road traffic management; instead the traffic is controlled using traffic police officers and traffic lights only. The traffic lights use an old technology that cannot manage traffic in relation to the real-time situations. This study proposes components for a framework, which will assist automation in road traffic management. From the review of various existing ITS of which Advanced Traffic Management System (ATMS) and Advanced Travel Information System (ATIS) are subsystems, we have identified the possibility to integrate the two sub-systems within the framework. Three-phase traffic theory has been referred, FOTO and ASDA models are applied to the automatic recognition and tracking of congested spatiotemporal traffic patterns on roads.
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Li, Tong, Victoria Chiu i Fredric Gey. "X-Window interface to SMART, an advanced text retrieval system". ACM SIGIR Forum 26, nr 1 (luty 1992): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/134374.134375.
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Wang, Daqing. "Digital Archive Management Based on Lucene Full-text Search Engine". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2074, nr 1 (1.11.2021): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2074/1/012001.
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Abstract With the rapid development of society, people have an increasing higher demand for information. As one of the vital information resources, archives are facing the significant impact of the global information tide. The original manual management method for archives can no longer meet the needs of people for their efficient management and utilization. How to transform archive management from manual to digital mode based on advanced information technology has become a hot issue of concern and research. Based on the digital application of archive management, supported by the advanced computer, communication, network, database, and multimedia technologies, we designed and developed a general digital system of archive management. The topological structure of the client/browser/server is used in the system, with the cross-platform characteristics.
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NEAMTU, Andrei, Anton BALABAN, Sorin BERBENTE, Gabriela-Liliana STROE, Emil COSTEA, Irina-Beatrice STEFANESCU, Irina-Carmen ANDREI i Ionel POPESCU. "Study on the practical method implementation of the navigation equations in a simulated FMS". INCAS BULLETIN 15, nr 2 (9.06.2023): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.13111/2066-8201.2023.15.2.7.
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This paper presents the main objective of Air Traffic Management Systems – ATMS that is to achieve optimized performance in terms of aviation safety and the enhancement of the current air transport system, through the in-depth study of the complex integration of all advanced technologies regarding air traffic monitoring, aeronautical communications on-board computers, display and control systems within the extended framework of Air Traffic Services - ATS. The Flight Management System - FMS is indispensable for flight planning, air navigation, flight performance management, aircraft guidance on the flight path and continuous monitoring of the progress during flight. The FMS is the device used by the flight crew to select various modes of flight control via the flight control computer - FCM and to display flight plans and other flight data via the Multi-Functional Control Display Unit - MCDU. The flight path is monitored by the MCDU and the Electronic Instrument System – EIS. The in-depth study of Air Transport Efficiency when applying air traffic service operational analysis and trajectory determination methods to identify key areas of Air Traffic Management inefficiencies and to prioritize and implement appropriate optimization methods are presented and analyzed in detail in this paper.
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Moskalets, S., V. Zhyrnyi, O. Mokrinskyi i A. Rudyk. "EFFECTIVE APPLICATION AND PROSPECTS OF IMPROVEMENT OF ANTI-TANK ROCKET COMPLEX MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS". Наукові праці Державного науково-дослідного інституту випробувань і сертифікації озброєння та військової техніки, nr 5 (22.12.2020): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37701/dndivsovt.5.2020.07.
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Tanks are one of the main means of implementing aggressive plans to capture land territory. To combat tanks and other armored vehicles the projectiles with different types of warheads and anti-tank guided missiles are used. The best means of defeating tanks are anti-tank missile systems (ATMS), which are classified by aiming methods.
The purpose of this work is to review the prospects for development and use of existing ATMS by analyzing the trends of new national and foreign weapons control systems.
Anti-tank missile systems of most advanced world‟s armed forces are, predominantly, second-generation systems with a semi-automatic infrared or laser beam guided systems. Missiles of these systems have a high probability of hitting the target (and penetration of armor) when firing under good visibility conditions. The retrofit of the second- generation systems is being done by increasing the protection against jamming caused to aiming systems due to creating combined infrared and thermal coordinators, improving signal processing methods, and increasing the flight speed of missiles and the reliability of command transmission. The tank engine is a powerful contrasting source of thermal energy.
The main weak links of systems with semi-automatic guidance systems in terms of jamming counteraction are the operator who tracks the target along the missile's flight, and the coordinator of the missile's command aiming that can be “blinded”. Large-scale works on the creation of next generation anti-tank missile systems based on the latest scientific and technological achievements have been considered.
The system‟s operator is one of the weakest links. Careful attitude to the life of every Ukrainian warrior should be a priority, as it is in the modern militaries of the world. This attitude can be ensured by using a reliable missile weapons both natioanl and foreign that would be capable of hitting enemy tanks from a safe distance with a remote control using “fire-and- forget”principle.
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Bing, Qichun, Fuxin Shen, Xiufeng Chen, Weijian Zhang, Yanran Hu i Dayi Qu. "A Hybrid Short-Term Traffic Flow Multistep Prediction Method Based on Variational Mode Decomposition and Long Short-Term Memory Model". Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2021 (12.10.2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4097149.
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Timely and accurate traffic prediction information is essential for advanced traffic management system (ATMS) and advanced traveler information system (ATIS). Because of the characteristics of nonlinearity, nonstationarity, and randomness, short-term traffic flow prediction could be still a challenging task. In this study, a hybrid short-term traffic flow multistep prediction method is proposed by combining the variational mode decomposition (VMD) algorithm and long short-term memory (LSTM) model. Firstly, the VMD algorithm is employed to decompose the original traffic flow data into a series of intrinsic mode function (IMF) components. Secondly, different LSTM models are established to predict different IMF components. For each prediction model, one-step to three-step predictions are carried out. Finally, the component prediction results are aggregated to obtain the final traffic flow multistep prediction values. The prediction performance of the proposed hybrid model is investigated using inductive loop data measured from the north-south viaduct expressway in Shanghai. The experiment results show that (1) VMD algorithm could effectively avoid the problems of endpoint effects and modal aliasing, and the decomposition effect is better than empirical mode decomposition algorithm and wavelet decomposition algorithm; (2) among all the involved methods, the proposed hybrid model is more effective and robust in extracting the trend information, which has the best multistep prediction performance.
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Dubiński, Jerzy. "Modern and very advanced technology of IT Platforms for strategic management of underground infrastructure and buildings with virtual reality 3D visualization". AUTOBUSY – Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe 19, nr 12 (31.12.2018): 1045–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/atest.2018.547.
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The text presents ultra-modern technology of IT PLATFORMS, for strategic support of railways underground infrastructure management, with advanced, real time visualisation in virtual reality 3D system.
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Du, Wenjun, Bo Sun, Jiating Kuai, Jiemin Xie, Jie Yu i Tuo Sun. "Highway Travel Time Prediction of Segments Based on ANPR Data considering Traffic Diversion". Journal of Advanced Transportation 2021 (9.07.2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9512501.
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Travel time is one of the most critical parameters in proactive traffic management and the deployment of advanced traveler information systems. This paper proposes a hybrid model named LSTM-CNN for predicting the travel time of highways by integrating the long short-term memory (LSTM) and the convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with the attention mechanism and the residual network. The highway is divided into multiple segments by considering the traffic diversion and the relative location of automatic number plate recognition (ANPR). There are four steps in this hybrid approach. First, the average travel time of each segment in each interval is calculated from ANPR and fed into LSTM in the form of a multidimensional array. Second, the attention mechanism is adopted to combine the hidden layer of LSTM with dynamic temporal weights. Third, the residual network is introduced to increase the network depth and overcome the vanishing gradient problem, which consists of three pairs of one-dimensional convolutional layers (Conv1D) and batch normalization (BatchNorm) with the rectified linear unit (ReLU) as the activation function. Finally, a series of Conv1D layers is connected to extract features further and reduce dimensionality. The proposed LSTM-CNN approach is tested on the three-month ANPR data of a real-world 39.25 km highway with four pairs of ANPR detectors of the uplink and downlink, Zhejiang, China. The experimental results indicate that LSTM-CNN learns spatial, temporal, and depth information better than the state-of-the-art traffic forecasting models, so LSTM-CNN can predict more accurate travel time. Moreover, LSTM-CNN outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in nonrecurrent prediction, multistep-ahead prediction, and long-term prediction. LSTM-CNN is a promising model with scalability and portability for highway traffic prediction and can be further extended to improve the performance of the advanced traffic management system (ATMS) and advanced traffic information system (ATIS).
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Fan, Qi, Wei Wang, Xiaojian Hu, Xuedong Hua i Zhuyun Liu. "Space-Time Hybrid Model for Short-Time Travel Speed Prediction". Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2018 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7696592.
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Short-time traffic speed forecasting is a significant issue for developing Intelligent Transportation Systems applications, and accurate speed forecasting results are necessary inputs for Intelligent Traffic Security Information System (ITSIS) and advanced traffic management systems (ATMS). This paper presents a hybrid model for travel speed based on temporal and spatial characteristics analysis and data fusion. This proposed methodology predicts speed by dividing the data into three parts: a periodic trend estimated by Fourier series, a residual part modeled by the ARIMA model, and the possible events affected by upstream or downstream traffic conditions. The aim of this study is to improve the accuracy of the prediction by modeling time and space variation of speed, and the forecast results could simultaneously reflect the periodic variation of traffic speed and emergencies. This information could provide decision-makers with a basis for developing traffic management measures. To achieve the research objective, one year of speed data was collected in Twin Cities Metro, Minnesota. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can be used to explore the periodic characteristics of speed data and show abilities in increasing the accuracy of travel speed prediction.
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Pietrzyk, P. M. "A Medical Text Analysis System for German - Syntax Analysis". Methods of Information in Medicine 30, nr 04 (1991): 275–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634842.
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Abstract:Much information about patients is stored in free text. Hence, the computerized processing of medical language data has been a well-known goal of medical informatics resulting in different paradigms. In Gottingen, a Medical Text Analysis System for German (abbr. MediTAS) has been under development for some time, trying to combine and to extend these paradigms. This article concentrates on the automated syntax analysis of German medical utterances. The investigated text material consists of 8,790 distinct utterances extracted from the summary sections of about 18,400 cytopathological findings reports. The parsing is based upon a new approach called Left-Associative Grammar (LAG) developed by Hausser. By extending considerably the LAG approach, most of the grammatical constructions occurring in the text material could be covered.
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Manikkannan, Prof D. "HINDI TEXT CATEGORIZATION & TRANSLATION". INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 07, nr 12 (1.12.2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem27535.
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The Hindi Text Translation and Categorization aims to develop a comprehensive system for translating and categorizing Hindi text content. This project addresses the growing need for effective language processing tools in the context of Hindi, one of the most widely spoken languages globally. The project consists of two primary components: translation and categorization. The translation module employs state-of-the-art machine translation techniques to provide accurate and contextually relevant translations between Hindi and other languages. This functionality is essential for breaking down language barriers and facilitating communication across diverse linguistic communities. The categorization module focuses on organizing and classifying Hindi text content into relevant categories or topics. Leveraging advanced natural language processing (NLP) algorithms, the system can analyze the semantic meaning of text and assign it to appropriate categories. This categorization enhances content management, information retrieval, and overall user experience, particularly in applications such as content recommendation systems and information filtering.
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A . Alkohlani, Fatima. "The Arabic Definite Article: A Challenge Facing Advanced L2 Learners". International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 6, nr 8 (17.08.2023): 215–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2023.6.8.21.
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One of the most difficult challenges of learning Arabic as a foreign language is mastering the definite article system. Research in the area of Arabic L2 acquisition shows that the Arabic definite article al- ‘the’ poses serious difficulties for adult learners even at advance levels. This article is among the most frequent words of the Arabic language, and has a crucial role in maintaining text cohesion and coherence. Because of this importance and high frequency, al- ‘the’ has a huge effect on L2 learners’ language competence. The present study examines the written errors in advanced non-native Arabic learners’ use of the definite article in order to identify the most difficult areas for them, explor possible factors contributing to these difficulties, and suggest strategies that could reduce their effect. The data examined cosists of 89 written text extracted from the Arabic Learner Corpus (ALC) v2, compiled by Alfaifi, Atwel, & Hedaya (2014). A general description of the errors is provided after they are identified and classified. The study found both stuructural and semantic areas of difficulty in the learners’ usage of al, these areas were then examined to explore possible factors causing this persistent problem. Based on the analysis, some strategies to overcome these difficulties were suggested.
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Karthik, A. "Text and Video Summarization Using ML". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, nr 3 (31.03.2024): 2577–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.59243.
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Abstract: The Text and Video Summarization tool is a revolutionary approach to manage time and immense amount of data; one must go through. Current text summarization tools struggle to summarize large text files accurately and consistently, especially when dealing with different document formats and file lengths. This paper efficiently handles condenses large amounts of text to meet the growing need for more efficient information consumption accessible to all with a user-friendly interface. By integrating innovative methodologies, advanced NLP techniques, and a diverse dataset enriched with human insights, this project aims to advance the field of automated text summarization, contributing to more effective information condensation. The tool streamlines text summarization as well as video summarization capabilities into one umbrella, providing its users option and choice of even summarizing audio as well, this system offers a seamless and responsive solution. It contributes to a more efficient use of existing resources by producing summaries, making time management efficient and effective
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Matsumura, Y., N. Mihara, Y. Kawakami, K. Sasai, H. Takeda, H. Nakamura i Y. Hasegawa. "Development of a System that Generates Structured Reports for Chest X-ray Radiography". Methods of Information in Medicine 49, nr 04 (2010): 360–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me09-01-0014.
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Summary Objectives: Radiology reports are typically made in narrative form; this is a barrier to the implementation of advanced applications for data analysis or a decision support. We developed a system that generates structured reports for chest x-ray radiography. Methods: Based on analyzing existing reports, we determined the fundamental sentence structure of findings as compositions of procedure, region, finding, and diagnosis. We categorized the observation objects into lung, mediastinum, bone, soft tissue, and pleura and chest wall. The terms of region, finding, and diagnosis were associated with each other. We expressed the terms and the relations between the terms using a resource description framework (RDF) and developed a reporting system based on it. The system shows a list of terms in each category, and modifiers can be entered using templates that are linked to each term. This system guides users to select terms by highlighting associated terms. Fifty chest x-rays with abnormal findings were interpreted by five radiologists and reports were made either by the system or by the free-text method. Results: The system decreased the time needed to make a report by 12.5% compared with the free-text method, and the sentences generated by the system were well concordant with those made by free-text method (F-measure = 90%). The results of the questionnaire showed that our system is applicable to radiology reports of chest x-rays in daily clinical practice. Conclusions: The method of generating structured reports for chest x-rays was feasible, because it generated almost concordant reports in shorter time compared with the free-text method.
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McVittie, C., E. Reiter, Y. Freer, C. Sykes, R. Logie i A. McKinlay. "Design Issues for Socially Intelligent User Interfaces". Methods of Information in Medicine 49, nr 04 (2010): 379–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me0613.
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Summary Objectives: This study aims to demonstrate the usability of discourse analyses as a means of evaluating medical informatics systems by examining one particular computer-based data-to-text system for delivering neonatal health care information. Methods: Six textual summaries of clinical information, three produced by human clinicians and three by the data-to-text system, were subjected to fine-grain discourse analysis. Analysis was performed ‘blind’ on all six textual summaries. Analysis focused on the identification of lexical items and on the potential effects of these items on users of these clinical information summaries. Results: Results showed that there were clear differences between human- and system-generated clinical summaries, with human clinicians providing better narrative flow and textual detail. The data-to-text system successfully produced textual summaries although it fell short of human abilities. Conclusions: These results indicate potential future improvements to the system. Discourse analysis as used here may offer significant advantages in evaluating and developing similar medical informatics systems.
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Hao, Tianyong, Hongfang Liu i Chunhua Weng. "Valx: A System for Extracting and Structuring Numeric Lab Test Comparison Statements from Text". Methods of Information in Medicine 55, nr 03 (2016): 266–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me15-01-0112.
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SummaryObjectives: To develop an automated method for extracting and structuring numeric lab test comparison statements from text and evaluate the method using clinical trial eligibility criteria text.Methods: Leveraging semantic knowledge from the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) and domain knowledge acquired from the Internet, Valx takes seven steps to extract and normalize numeric lab test expressions: 1) text preprocessing, 2) numeric, unit, and comparison operator extraction, 3) variable identification using hybrid knowledge, 4) variable – numeric association, 5) context-based association filtering, 6) measurement unit normalization, and 7) heuristic rule-based comparison statements verification. Our reference standard was the consensus-based annotation among three raters for all comparison statements for two variables, i.e., HbA1c and glucose, identi -fied from all of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes trials in ClinicalTrials.gov.Results: The precision, recall, and F-measure for structuring HbA1c comparison statements were 99.6%, 98.1%, 98.8% for Type 1 diabetes trials, and 98.8%, 96.9%, 97.8% for Type 2 diabetes trials, respectively. The pre -cision, recall, and F-measure for structuring glucose comparison statements were 97.3%, 94.8%, 96.1% for Type 1 diabetes trials, and 92.3%, 92.3%, 92.3% for Type 2 diabetes trials, respectively.Conclusions: Valx is effective at extracting and structuring free-text lab test comparison statements in clinical trial summaries. Future studies are warranted to test its generaliz-ability beyond eligibility criteria text. The open-source Valx enables its further evaluation and continued improvement among the collaborative scientific community.
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Gaus, W., J. G. Wechsler, P. Janowitz, J. Tudyka, W. Kratzer, W. Swobodnik, H. Ditschuneit i K. Kuhn. "Structured Reporting of Medical Findings: Evaluation of a System in Gastroenterology". Methods of Information in Medicine 31, nr 04 (1992): 268–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634885.
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Abstract:A system using structured reporting of findings was developed for the preparation of medical reports and for clinical documentation purposes in upper abdominal sonography, and evaluated in the course of routine use. The evaluation focussed on the following parameters: completeness and correctness of the entered data, the proportion of free text, the validity and objectivity of the documentation, user acceptance, and time required. The completeness in the case of two clinically relevant parameters could be compared with an already existing database containing freely dictated reports. The results confirmed the hypothesis that, for the description of results of a technical examination, structured data reporting is a viable alternative to free-text dictation. For the application evaluated, there is even evidence of the superiority of a structured approach. The system can be put to use in related areas of application.
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Rihl, J., M. Schenker, E. Standl i E. Biermann. "Semi-Automatic Generation of Medical Tele-Expert Opinion for Primary Care Physician". Methods of Information in Medicine 42, nr 03 (2003): 212–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634353.
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Summary Objectives: A computer-based system has been developed for the generation of medical expert opinions on the insulin-resistance syndrome, based on clinical data obtained from primary care physicians. Methods: An expert opinion for each patient was generated by using a decision tree for entering individual text modules and by adding optional free text. The expert opinions were returned by e-mail, telefax or by ordinary mail. Results: 1389 primary care physician sent anonymous data sets and requested expert opinions for a total of 3768 patients. Through the set up of a rule-based system an automation of the generation of the expert opinions could be achieved and the generation time dropped from initially 40 minutes to less than 5 minutes at the end. Conclusions: By using predefined text modules and a rule based system, a large number of medical expert opinions can be generated with relatively few additional resources.
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Liu, Xinran, Paul Sutton, Rory McKenna, Mika Sinanan, B. Fellner, Michael Leu i Cris Ewell. "Evaluation of Secure Messaging Applications for a Health Care System: A Case Study". Applied Clinical Informatics 10, nr 01 (styczeń 2019): 140–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1678607.
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Objective The use of text messaging in clinical care has become ubiquitous. Due to security and privacy concerns, many hospital systems are evaluating secure text messaging applications. This paper highlights our evaluation process, and offers an overview of secure messaging functionalities, as well as a framework for how to evaluate such applications. Methods Application functionalities were gathered through literature review, Web sites, speaking with representatives, demonstrations, and use cases. Based on similar levels of functionalities, vendors were grouped into three tiers. Essential and secondary functionalities for our health system were defined to help narrow our vendor choices. Results We stratified 19 secure messaging vendors into three tiers: basic secure communication, secure communication within an existing clinical application, and dedicated communication and collaboration systems. Our essential requirements revolved around functionalities to enhance security and communication, while advanced functionalities were mostly considered secondary. We then narrowed our list of 19 vendors to four, then created clinical use cases to rank the final vendors. Discussion When evaluating a secure messaging application, numerous factors must be considered in parallel. These include: what clinical processes to improve, archiving text messages, mobile device management, bring your own device policy, and Wi-Fi architecture. Conclusion Secure messaging applications provide a Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) compliant communication platform, and also include functionality to improve clinical collaboration and workflow. We hope that our evaluation framework can be used by other health systems to find a secure messaging application that meets their needs.
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Zhou, Rui. "Research on Performance Salary Management System of University Teachers Based on Learning Organization Theory". International Journal of Education and Humanities 3, nr 3 (26.07.2022): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ijeh.v3i3.1011.
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This paper summarizes the origin and basic concepts of learning organization, compares and analyzes four mature theoretical models of learning organization, and provides some useful references for further studying organizational learning and establishing learning organization. The learning organization theory, which came into being in 1990s, is a systematic management theory based on systematic thinking. It is recognized by the world as one of the most advanced management theories so far, and has been accepted and applied by more and more managers. With the rapid development of computer network skill and information skill, informatization is rapidly integrating into all fields of society, and its influence on contemporary society is obvious. In terms of functions, there are four modules: system login management, personnel basic data management, performance pay issuance management, performance pay query management, text information management, system maintenance and so on. Salary issuance management is the core of the system, including monthly basic reward performance salary issuance management and year-end comprehensive reward performance salary issuance management. This performance-based salary management system provides a reference for promoting the management informationization of higher vocational colleges.
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Frénot, S., i F. Laforest. "Medical Record Management Systems: Criticisms and New Perspectives". Methods of Information in Medicine 38, nr 02 (1999): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634179.
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AbstractThe first generation of computerized medical records stored the data as text, but these records did not bring any improvement in information manipulation. The use of a relational database management system (DBMS) has largely solved this problem as it allows for data requests by using SQL. However, this requires data structuring which is not very appropriate to medicine. Moreover, the use of templates and icon user interfaces has introduced a deviation from the paper-based record (still existing). The arrival of hypertext user interfaces has proven to be of interest to fill the gap between the paper-based medical record and its electronic version. We think that further improvement can be accomplished by using a fully document-based system. We present the architecture, advantages and disadvantages of classical DBMS-based and Web/DBMS-based solutions. We also present a document-based solution and explain its advantages, which include communication, security, flexibility and genericity.
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David, Nathan, i Chinedu Duru. "Evaluating the Emission of CO2 at Traffic Intersections with the Purpose of Reducing Emission Rate, Case Study: The University of Nigeria, Nsukka". International Journal of Environmental Science & Sustainable Development 3, nr 2 (31.12.2018): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/essd.v3iss2.373.
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Traffic congestion is a major problem around the world that results in slower speeds, increased trip time, and a longer queuing of vehicles. The production and use of fuels for vehicles results in emissions of greenhouse gases (GHSs), besides carbon dioxide, which include methane and nitrous oxide. Traffic lights that wirelessly keep track of vehicles could reduce journey time and fuel consumption thereby reducing carbon emissions. In view of the importance of vehicles as an emitter of GHGs, namely CO2, with the growing concern about climate change, this paper aims to explore the emission of CO2 from vehicles at a traffic intersection for the purpose of reducing emission rate. Realizing this reduction, points to the implementation of an Advanced Traffic Management System (ATMS) with Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) on the road network of a region will be discussed. With such a technology, a region can experience lower queue lengths at an intersection and therefore lower CO2 emission surrounding the area. The University of Nigeria, Nsukka (UNN) is used as a case study in exploring this phenomenon which over the years has seen a drastic increase on the amount of cars on the campus area. With the assumption that an ATM system with WSNs is deployed on the UNN campus area, the paper looks into the traffic dynamics that makes it possible to evaluate CO2 emission at traffic light intersections to ensure a cleaner environment. Throughout the paper, it will be made clear that with the relevant equation of CO2 emission and the arrival time per vehicle, CO2 emission rate can be evaluated at a traffic intersection depending on the volume of cars at the intersection. With such evaluation, further analysis can be made on ways to actually reduce CO2 emission and techniques for implementation with an ATM system.
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Spina, Daniela, Gabriella Vindigni, Biagio Pecorino, Gioacchino Pappalardo, Mario D’Amico i Gaetano Chinnici. "Identifying Themes and Patterns on Management of Horticultural Innovations with an Automated Text Analysis". Agronomy 11, nr 6 (28.05.2021): 1103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11061103.
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This research provides an overview on horticulture innovations in the last decade through a literature review and the use of a computer qualitative data analysis. We used Leximancer text mining software to identify concepts, themes and pathways linked with horticulture innovations. The software tool enabled us to “zoom out” to gain a broad perspective of the pooled data, and it indicated which studies clustered around the dominant topic. It displays the extracted information in a visual form, to wit, an interactive concept map, which summaries the interconnected themes and demonstrates any interdependencies. The text mining analysis revealed that the themes strongly related to “innovation” are “water”, “urban”, “system”, “countries” and “technology”. The outputs identified have been interpreted to discover meaning from the content analysis, since the software can facilitate a comprehensive and transparent data coding but cannot replace researcher’s interpretive work. Furthermore, we focused on the diffusion and the barriers for the spread of innovation, pointing out the differences about developing and advanced countries. This analysis allows the researcher to have a holistic understanding of the examination area and could lead to further studies.
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Niu, Muyao. "Application and existing problems of artificial intelligence technology in the agricultural field". Applied and Computational Engineering 35, nr 1 (22.01.2024): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/35/20230355.
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In recent years, the application of artificial intelligence technology in the field of agriculture has been rapidly developed. This paper summarizes the application of artificial intelligence in agriculture and divides it into two main directions: monitoring system and expert system. This paper analyzes the soil monitoring, pest monitoring, and plant growth detection of the monitoring system, the simple decision chain of the expert system, and the complex expert system combined with artificial intelligence technology. Utilizing sensor networks, image processing, and machine learning techniques, artificial intelligence enables real-time monitoring of soil parameters, automatic identification of pest and disease, analysis of plant growth status, and provision of tailored management recommendations. By employing rule-based expert systems, artificial intelligence assists farmers in making informed decisions. These applications have significantly advanced resource management optimization, pest control, precise growth monitoring, and intelligent decision-making in agriculture. At the end of the article, this paper summarizes the full text and looks forward to the future trend.
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Iliev, Yuliy, i Galina Ilieva. "A Framework for Smart Home System with Voice Control Using NLP Methods". Electronics 12, nr 1 (27.12.2022): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12010116.
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The proliferation of information technologies and the emergence of ubiquitous computing have quickly transformed electronic devices from isolated islands of data and control into interconnected parts of intelligent systems. These network-based systems have advanced features, including Internet of Things (IoT) sensors and actuators, multiple connectivity options and multimodal user interfaces, and they also enable remote monitoring and management. In order to develop a human machine interface of smart home systems with speech recognition, we propose a new IoT-fog-cloud framework using natural language processing (NLP) methods. The new methodology adds utterance to command transformation to the existing cloud-based speech-to-text and text-to-speech services. This approach is flexible and can be easily adapted for different types of automation systems and consumer electronics as well as to almost every non-tonal language not currently supported by online platforms for intent detection and classification. The proposed framework has been employed in the development of prototypes of voice user interface extension of existing smart security system via new service for speech intent recognition. Tests on the system were carried out and the obtained results show the effectiveness of the new voice communication option. The speech-based interface is reliable; it facilitates customers and improves their experience with smart home devices.
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Zhao, Yang, i Weiming Du. "Construction and Optimization of Distributed Electronic Archives System Merging Control Messages". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (21.04.2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8403720.
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This paper analyzes the whole of the electronic archives management system, describes the basic features and functions of the system, and gives the flow of each functional module of the system. Techniques for implementing important functions in the system are discussed and compared. Using the object-oriented idea, this paper designs the electronic archives management system and gives the hybrid structure model of the system. According to the needs of the electronic office, an official document transmission module is established to realize the electronic transmission of official documents, and the specific implementation process is given. According to the characteristics of archives information management and utilization, SQL Server is used as the background database and the database design is carried out. This paper introduces the full-text retrieval technology that realizes the query and retrieval function of electronic archives and gives how to configure the full-text retrieval service in SQL Server. This paper proposes a K-means-based merging control message clustering algorithm to solve the problem of communication topology changes caused by large-scale, high-mobility merging control messages. Based on the idea of K-means clustering, the calculation method of distance in K-means is improved by combining the distribution of the initial electronic archives message, and the fitness function of the electronic archives is designed by using the information of the electronic archives in the cluster and the average distance to the neighboring electronic archives. According to the maximum fitness value, the cluster head is selected to establish clustering. The file management system is tested and analyzed in a simulated environment. Based on the functional positioning of the system and the business environment, the functional performance and performance of the analysis system are examined and analyzed, and the research and development results are inspected according to the system development goals to check whether the development results of the system have reached the advanced stage. At the functional level, it can automate the management of the core business of the distributed electronic archives management department and support the distributed storage management of massive archive data, which effectively improves the informatization level and development efficiency of archives management.
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Smrčka, František, Marek Musil i Martina Chalupová. "Management System for Integration of the Disabled on the Labour Market". European Conference on Management Leadership and Governance 18, nr 1 (4.11.2022): 382–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/ecmlg.18.1.936.
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People with mental disabilities (mental disorders, mild brain dysfunction) face barriers to employment, leading to higher unemployment rates and economic inactivity. Incorporating a workplace technology system may help create a disability-inclusive environment. The paper presents an ICT solution for social enterprises, focusing primarily on cafés or restaurants. It is designed to help reduce the need for supervision of employees with mental disabilities in order to increase their autonomy. The proposed system records activities and provides an employee with information on which action to perform and how. The primary goal of the proposal is the monitoring of activities and the interactive transmission of instructions. The presented system is based on the Internet of Things (IoT) and includes advanced information technologies – cloud messaging, mobile applications, web applications. The employee with a disability will be equipped with a smartphone using a specially designed application. By a notification sent to the mobile phone, the employee will be immediately informed about the task assigned. The mobile application will help an employee carry out the task visually (sequence of instructions expressed in text, pictograms). In order to confirm the completion of the task, a sensor is placed at the desk location, which, when the mobile device is attached, registers the employee's presence at the desk where the task is to be performed. The Unified Process (UP) methodology was used to design an information system. The context diagram describes the relationship between the proposed system and its environment, a data flow diagram shows the dynamics and control information. The system is designed to be universally applicable in other workplaces. It may be used to help people who cannot communicate with other employees due to a lack of knowledge of the local language at the workplace.
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Maojo, V., H. Billhardt, J. Crespo i M. García-Remesal. "Integration of Relational and Textual Biomedical Sources". Methods of Information in Medicine 49, nr 04 (2010): 337–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me0614.
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Summary Objectives: Bringing together structured and text-based sources is an exciting challenge for biomedical informaticians, since most relevant biomedical sources belong to one of these categories. In this paper we evaluate the feasibility of integrating relational and text-based biomedical sources using: i) an original logical schema acquisition method for textual databases developed by the authors, and ii) OntoFusion, a system originally designed by the authors for the integration of relational sources. Methods: We conducted an integration experiment involving a test set of seven differently structured sources covering the domain of genetic diseases. We used our logical schema acquisition method to generate schemas for all textual sources. The sources were integrated using the methods and tools provided by OntoFusion. The integration was validated using a test set of 500 queries. Results: A panel of experts answered a questionnaire to evaluate i) the quality of the extracted schemas, ii) the query processing performance of the integrated set of sources, and iii) the relevance of the retrieved results. The results of the survey show that our method extracts coherent and representative logical schemas. Experts’ feedback on the performance of the integrated system and the relevance of the retrieved results was also positive. Regarding the validation of the integration, the system successfully provided correct results for all queries in the test set. Conclusions: The results of the experiment suggest that text-based sources including a logical schema can be regarded as equivalent to structured databases. Using our method, previous research and existing tools designed for the integration of structured databases can be reused – possibly subject to minor modifications – to integrate differently structured sources.
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Hutchins, G. M., R. E. Miller i G. W. Moore. "Examination of Disease Names Using Non-Abelian Symbolic Logic". Methods of Information in Medicine 25, nr 02 (kwiecień 1986): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1635456.
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SummaryDespite many investigations of the potential role of formal symbolic logic in medicine, little attention has been paid to the distribution of words in large quantities of natural language text and how this might affect the choice of a logic system. With the emergence of communicating word processor technology, it is now possible to enter large amounts of routine medical text in computer-readable form and study its implications for symbolic logic formalisms.We examined the word distribution in the Anatomical Diagnosis reports of 7,000 consecutive autopsied patients from the Department of Pathology of The Johns Hopkins Hospital. We found that uncommon disease entities consisting of common component words were best recovered using a search algorithm which examines conjunction (and) logic in ascending order of word frequency and alternation (inclusive or) logic in descending order of word frequency. This logic is non-Abelian, non-distributive, and associative for conjunction but not for alternation. Our results suggest that natural language text analysis, which is essential for studying medical documents by computer, may require heretofore little studied variant forms of symbolic logic.
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V.Vidhya, J., Archit Kumar i Yashwardhan Parakh. "Neural Network with Regression Algorithms for Optical Character Recognition". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, nr 3.12 (20.07.2018): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.12.16101.
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In today's automatic and robust modern world, possibilities of optical character recognition is endless. Previously OCR was used in postal service to read address from mail, car number plate tracking, automation of bank check transfer but today it has taken document management system to whole new level. Using OCR we can convert normal hardcopy document into Searchable text. We will use deep Neural network to train systems to recognise characters in a precise manner, basically we have proposed neural network model combined with machine learning technique like gradientDescent, regression, softmax normalization which will help to increase the efficiency of the OCR. Computer will able to recognise hand written digit. We will be using Google's advanced TensorFlow to create an OCR system which will be efficient and robust in action.
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Ali, Hussam J., Talib M. Jawad i Hiba Zuhair. "Data security using random dynamic salting and AES based on master-slave keys for Iraqi dam management system". Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 23, nr 2 (1.08.2021): 1018. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v23.i2.pp1018-1029.
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In the present time, dam management is considered one of the important challenges for e-government in Iraq, becuase it needs information technology infrastructure, data integrity and protection of user privacy against Internet threats that render such vital infrastructure ineffective. This struggle between the proposed dam management system (DMS) and a multi-tier secure model specifically for the Fallujah dam (and generally for all dams) which is addressed in this paper as a case study. To do this, a relational database design will discuss the development of a multi-tier secure model for integration of the dam management framework with its functions. This paper will discusse encryption and decryption of the dam data using the advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithm with derived keys via PBKDF2 and RNG sequences generator and Slave key for salting protection. The experimental results and analysis on the speed of encryption/decryption process, entropy value, plain text sensitivity, key sensitivity, keyspaceanalysis and histogram analysis will prove the the proposed scheme can impede the known attacks like brute force attacks, statistical and differential.Thus, the encryption scheme can be implemented on the proposed DMS and any other information system, as the implementation which will be presented in the results.
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Pfeiffer, K. P., I. Wilhelmy, M. Ball i G. Lechleitner. "Cerner Millennium™: The Innsbruck Experience". Methods of Information in Medicine 42, nr 01 (2003): 08–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634204.
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Summary Objectives: A Clinical Information System, serving more than 2,000 users was to be implemented at three hospitals of TILAK (Tiroler Landeskrankenanstalten GmbH), including the University Hospital of Innsbruck. The system was intended to integrate data from radiology, laboratory, and pathology subsystems with patient data. Methods: Using Cerner Millennium™ software and Health Level 7 standards, the first stage of an Electronic Patient Record (EPR) was built. Direct data entry was facilitated using either a Microsoft Word text processor (with subsequent authentication workflow) or structured forms. An enterprise-wide scheduling module allows coordination and storage of patient appointments directly in the EPR. As required by security policy, the Cerner software regulates the varying degrees of information exchange among organizations and departments within the enterprise. Results: First experiences indicate satisfactory acceptance of system functionalities. The introduction of Cerner Millennium at TILAK has achieved essential goals defined at the beginning of the project. Basic functionalities – free text documentation, standardized documentation, scheduling, and some parts of order entry – are offered in a user friendly manner. Integration with existing systems to complete the EPR has been successful using standard interfaces (HL7). Conclusion: TILAK concluded that it was possible to successfully implement a Clinical Information System (CIS) developed mainly for the American market in a European healthcare environment. Some adaptations and functional extensions were necessary (e.g., the discharge summary “Arztbrief”). The system had enough flexibility to meet the requirements and specifications of European healthcare processes. A key factor of success was the establishment of a basic level of understanding and communication between the software vendor and the TILAK user community.
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Petratos, G. N., Y. Kim, R. S. Evans, S. D. Williams i R. M. Gardner. "Comparing the Effectiveness of Computerized Adverse Drug Event Monitoring Systems to Enhance Clinical Decision Support for Hospitalized Patients". Applied Clinical Informatics 01, nr 03 (2010): 293–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/aci-2009-11-ra-0009.
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Summary Objective: Performance of computerized adverse drug event (ADE) monitoring of electronic health records through a prospective ADE Monitor and ICD9-coded clinical text review operating independently and simultaneously on the same patient population for a 10-year period are compared. Requirements are compiled for clinical decision support in pharmacy systems to enhance ADE detection. Methods: A large tertiary care facility in Utah, with a history of quality improvement using its advanced hospital information system, was leveraged in this study. ICD9-based review of clinical charts (ICD9 System) was compared quantitatively and qualitatively to computer-assisted pharmacist-verified ADEs (ADE Monitor). The capture-recapture statistical method was applied to the data to determine an estimated prevalence of ADEs. Results: A total estimated ADE prevalence of 5.53% (13,420/242,599) was calculated, with the ICD9 system identifying 2,604 or 19.4%, and the ADE monitor 3,386 or 25.2% of all estimated ADEs. Both methods commonly identified 4.9% of all estimated ADEs and matched 62.0% of the time, each having its strength in detecting a slightly different domain of ADEs. 70% of the ADE documentation in the clinical notes was found in the discharge summaries. Conclusion: Coupled with spontaneous reporting, computerized methods account for approximately half of all ADEs that can currently be detected. To enhance ADE monitoring and patient safety in a hospitalized setting, pharmacy information systems should incorporate prospective structuring and coding of the text in clinical charts and using that data alongside computer-generated alerts of laboratory results and drug orders. Natural language processing can aid computerized detection by automating the coding, in real-time, of physician text from clinical charts so that decision support rules can be created and applied. New detection strategies and enhancements to existing systems should be researched to enhance the detection of ADEs since approximately half are not currently detected.
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Arslan, Recep Sinan, i Necaattin Barışçı. "Development of Output Correction Methodology for Long Short Term Memory-Based Speech Recognition". Sustainability 11, nr 15 (6.08.2019): 4250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11154250.
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This paper presents a correction methodology for Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) based speech recognition. A strategy that validates with a reference database was developed for LSTM. It is conceptually simple but requires a large keyword database to match test templates. The correction method is based on the “most matching method” that is finding the word in which the system output is closest among the “Referenced Template Database”. Each LSTM model recognition output was corrected with the proposed new concept. Thus, system recognition performance was improved by correcting faulty outputs. The effectiveness, efficiency, and contribution of this approach to system performance were demonstrated by experiments. Tests carried out using different speech-text datasets and LSTM models yielded an average performance increase of 2.25%. With some advanced models, this ratio rises to 3.84%.
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Pavelka jr., K., P. Kuzmanov, K. Pavelka i A. Rapuca. "DIFFERENT DATA JOINING AS A BASIC MODEL FOR HBIM – A CASE PROJECT ST. PATALEIMON IN SKOPJE". International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-5/W2-2023 (13.06.2023): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-5-w2-2023-85-2023.
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Abstract. H-BIM (Heritage Building Information Modelling) is principle and system of use of historic buildings that can be used for the management, reconstruction or renovation and restoration of monuments. It is a set of geometric and descriptive information about a building. In the last decade, several historical objects were documented using modern methods, mainly advanced photogrammetrical and laser technologies, for a wide range of users to get benefits from economically, safety, presentation, and life cycle management of historical buildings. The rapid development in geomatics is possible thanks to advanced technologies of data capturing, sufficient capacity of computer technology and transmission and information networks. The most used technologies are terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), personal laser scanning (PLS) or mobile mapping systems (MMS), terrestrial or aerial drone based close-range digital photogrammetry (using SfM – structure from motion technology and MVS – multi view stereo). Today’s modern advanced technologies allow geometrical and textural data collection within a few centimetres’ accuracy outside and inside infrastructure by various methods of PLS, photogrammetrical SfM and TLS. In terms of object visualisation, VR or AR (virtual or augmented reality) technology is proving to be suitable. The following text discusses the use of geomatics technologies for the creation of H-BIM on the example of a cultural monument in Skopje, North Macedonia, including visualization in virtual reality (VR).
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Terae, S., M. Uesugi, K. Ogasawara, T. Sakurai i N. Nishimoto. "Development of a Medical-text Parsing Algorithm Based on Character Adjacent Probability Distribution for Japanese Radiology Reports". Methods of Information in Medicine 47, nr 06 (2008): 513–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me9127.
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Summary Objectives: The objectives of this study were to investigate the transitional probability distribution of medical term boundaries between characters and to develop a parsing algorithm specifically for medical texts. Methods: Medical terms in Japanese computed tomography (CT) reports were identified using the ChaSen morphological analysis system. MeSH-based medical terms (51,385 entries), obtained from the metathesaurus in the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS, 2005AA), were added as a medical dictionary for ChaSen. A radiographer corrected the set of results containing 300 parsed CT reports. In addition, two radiologists checked the medical term parsing of 200 CT sentences. Results: We obtained modified inter-annotator agreement scores for the text corrected by the radiologists. We retrieved the transitional probability as the conditional probability of a uni-gram, bi-gram, and tri-gram. The highest transitional probability P(Ci | Ci - 2*Ci - 1) was 1.00. For an example of anatomical location, the term “pulmonary hilum” was parsed as a tri-gram. Conclusions: Retrieval of transitional probability will improve the accuracy of parsing compound medical terms.
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Baud, R. H., A. M. Rassinoux i J. R. Scherrer. "Natural Language Processing and Semantical Representation of Medical Texts". Methods of Information in Medicine 31, nr 02 (1992): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634865.
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Abstract:For medical records, the challenge for the present decade is Natural Language Processing (NLP) of texts, and the construction of an adequate Knowledge Representation. This article describes the components of an NLP system, which is currently being developed in the Geneva Hospital, and within the European Community’s AIM programme. They are: a Natural Language Analyser, a Conceptual Graphs Builder, a Data Base Storage component, a Query Processor, a Natural Language Generator and, in addition, a Translator, a Diagnosis Encoding System and a Literature Indexing System. Taking advantage of a closed domain of knowledge, defined around a medical specialty, a method called proximity processing has been developed. In this situation no parser of the initial text is needed, and the system is based on semantical information of near words in sentences. The benefits are: easy implementation, portability between languages, robustness towards badly-formed sentences, and a sound representation using conceptual graphs.