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Landmesser, Detlev. "Wirtschaftsstil und wirtschaftliche Entwicklung im klassischen Athen." Frankfurt am Main ; New York : P. Lang, 2002. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=009735156&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Bayliss, Andrew James. "Athens under Macedonian domination Athenian politics and politicians from the Lamian War to the Chremonidean War /." Phd thesis, Australia : Macquarie University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/71376.
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Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, Division of Humanities, Department of Ancient History, 2002.<br>Bibliography: leaves 411-439.<br>Athenian politics and politicians -- Athenian political ideology -- A prosopographical study of the leading Athenian politicians -- Conclusion.<br>This thesis is a revisionist history of Athens during the much-neglected period between the Lamian and Chremonidean wars. It draws upon all the available literary and epigraphical evidence to provide a reinterpretation of Athenian politics in this confused period. -- Rather than providing a narrative of Athens in the early Hellenistic period (a task which has been admirably completed by Professor Christian Habicht), this thesis seeks to provide a review of Athenian politics and politicians. It seeks to identify who participated in the governing of Athens and their motivations for doing so, to determine what constituted a politician in democratic Athens, and to redefine political ideology. The purpose of this research is to allow a clearer understanding of the Athenian political arena in the early Hellenistic period. -- This thesis is comprised of three sections: -The first provides a definition of what constituted a politician in democratic Athens and how Athenian politicians interacted with each other. -The second discusses Athenian political ideology, and seeks to demonstrate that the Athenian politicians of the early Hellenistic period were just as ideologically motivated as their predecessors in the fifth and fourth centuries. This section seeks to show that the much-maligned Hellenistic democracies were little different from the so-called "true" democracies of the Classical period. The only real difference between these regimes was the fact that whereas Classical Athens was militarily strong and independent, Hellenistic Athens lacked the military capacity to remain free and independent, and was incapable of competing with the Macedonian dynasts as an equal partner. -The third section consists of a series of detailed prosopographical studies of leading Athenian politicians including Demades, Phokion, Demetrios of Phaleron, Stratokles, and Demochares. The purpose of this section is to evaluate the careers of these politicians who played a pivotal role in Athenian politics in order to enable us to better understand the nature of Athenian politics and political ideology in this period. -This thesis also includes an appended list of all the Athenians who meet my definition of a "politician" in democratic Athens. -- The overall aim of this thesis is to demonstrate that there was no real qualitative difference between Athenian democracy in the period between the Lamian and Chremonidean wars and the fifth and fourth century democracies.<br>Mode of access: World Wide Web.<br>viii, 439 leaves ill
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Kennedy, Rebecca Futo. "Athena/Athens on Stage: Athena in the Tragedies of Aeschylus and Sophocles." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1053353618.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.<br>Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 204 p.; contains ills., map. Includes bibliographical references (p. 193-204). Abstract available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center; full text release delayed at author's request until 2006 May 19.
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Fatsea, Irene D. "Monumentality and its shadows : a quest for modern Greek architectural discourse in nineteenth-century Athens (1834-1862)." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65991.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2000.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 319-335).<br>The dissertation traces the sources of modern Greek architectural discourse in the first period of the modern Greek State following Independence and under the monarchy of Bavarian King Othon I (1834-1862). Its intent is to provide an informed account, first, of the intellectual and ideological dynamic wherein the profession of the modern architect developed in Greece in contradistinction to that of the empirical masterbuilder; and second, of the cognitive realm whereby modern Greeks formed their architectural perception relative to the emerging phenomenon of the westernized city. The dissertation offers a methodical survey of Greek sources of organized discourse on architecture authored mainly by non-architect scholars at the time. The focus of the writings is Athens, the reborn city-capital in which westernization manifested its effects most prominently. Monumentality, a concept with implications of cosmological unity and sharing in the same communicative framework, serves as a working conceptual tool which fa cilitates the identification, categorization, and analysis of different models of thought in reference to key architectural ideas (e.g., beauty, imitation, dignity). Special heed is paid to the writers' attitude relative to the country's monuments, both old and new, which were now considered the principal activators of ethnic unity, cultural assimilation, and national identification for diverse urban populations under the call for a return to the country's "Golden Age." The texts reveal that the urge for nation-building under the aegis of a centralized authority provided but little room for the development of disinterested discourse on architecture as opposed to instructive discourse which often followed the path of prescriptive or ideological reasoning. Bipolarity, moralism, reliance on precedent, and impermeability of boundaries were some of the characteristics of this reasoning. Architecture, in particular, was subjected to an ideologically-based dichotomy of classicism and romanticism which in theory obstructed any fruitful amalgamation of the two intellectual paradigms and which, in effect, displaced any organic/ evolutionist patterns of thought. The dissertation presents the discourse of the Greek philologist-archaeologists as the most influential in the shaping of the theoretical foundations of architecture as a new discipline, in the universalization of neoclassicism as the official style, and in the promotion of monumentality as the preferred rhetorical strategy toward the reacquisition of the country's ancient glory. The written and visual texts of the philologist- archaeologist Stephanos A. Koumanoudis (1818-1899) are set forth as telling witnesses of the relevance of this discourse to architecture, as well as of the positive and negative aspects of such a conjunction. The dissertation finally argues that organic practices of space use and manipulation with roots in the vernacular tradition persisted through the new era and informed people's response to building problems in the new city, yet now coupled with the rational categories of modernity as introduced by the aforementioned discourses.<br>by Irene Fatsea.<br>Ph.D.
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Thomas, Rosalind. "Studies in oral tradition and written record in classical Athens." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314263.
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Lawton, Carol L. "Attic document reliefs : art and politics in ancient Athens /." Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1995. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=1999.04.0005.
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Hees, Brigitte. "Honorary Decrees in Attic Inscriptions, 500 - 323 B.C." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185480.
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In this dissertation Athenian inscriptions, granted during the fifth and fourth centuries down to the death of Alexander the Great, are analyzed. The evidence includes grants of citizenship, proxenia, epimeleia, enktesis, ateleia, and isoteleia to deserving foreigners. During the fifth century, Athens used these grants, particularly the proxenia, as one means to keep her predominant position in Greece. Other honors were also used for this purpose, such as the offer of protection, and to some degree citizenship honors. In their domestic affairs, Athenians used enktesis, ateleia, and isoteleia as rewards, especially for resident aliens. According to epigraphic evidence, the ateleia and isoteleia decrees show no increase during the fourth century, while the greatest number of proxeny decrees were passed from 353 to 323 B.C. Although honorary decrees were awarded liberally during this time, there was no steady increase from the fifth century down to 323 B.C. During the period from 399 to 354, the number of extant honorary decrees is rather small. Particular attention is paid to an analysis of the development of each honor, the identification of the individuals involved, and their relation to the Athenian people.
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Velissariou, Dimitris E. "Ozone sensitivity of important crop plants around Athens, Greece." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238851.
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Carlson, Darren. "Christian faith and practice amongst migrants in Athens, Greece." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2018. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/25940/.
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This is a qualitative ethnographic study that explores the faith, beliefs, and practices of migrants and refugees as well as the Christian organizations serving them between 2014-2018 in Athens, Greece. The study is located within the fields of diaspora missiology, ethnography, and underpinned by theological critical realism epistemology. The study is based on commonly accepted methods of grounded theory and narrative inquiry. It is a study of the particular expressions of faith within cultures, in communities that are both hermeneutical and reflective. This is the first major study of migrant faith communities and refugee centers conducted in Athens. The study traces the travel stories of participants as they leave their home countries and migrate to Athens. It discusses the ways Christians served migrants along their journey, the ways specific refugee centers served and proclaimed the gospel, and the impact Christian witness had on migrants who were not Christians. The study discusses the reasons participants from a Muslim background gave for converting to Christian faith, and the struggles new believers experienced as they found themselves in a new community of faith. This research adds to a growing literature of conversion amongst migrants, particularly Muslims, who report supernatural dreams as part of their conversion experience. Finally, this study examines eight specific faith communities, made up of Afghans, Persians, Eritreans, Ghanaians, Europeans, Americans, and Greeks, discussing the ways they formed and their unique distinctives.
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Golightly, Paul. "The Light of Dark-Age Athens: Factors in the Survival of Athens after the Fall of Mycenaean Civilization." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc799552/.
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When looking at Dark Age Greece, one of the most important sites to consider is Athens. The Dark Age was a transitional period between the fall of Mycenaean Greece of the Bronze Age, and Archaic Greece of the Iron Age. This period is called the Dark Age because the palaces that ruled the Mycenaean age collapsed, and with them fell civilization in mainland Greece. Writing, fine art, massive architecture, trade, and luxury goods disappear from mainland Greece. But Athens survived the fall of the Mycenaeans. In order to understand the reason why Athens survived one must look at what the causes of the fall of the Mycenaeans were. Theories range from raiders and invasion, to natural disasters, such as earthquakes, droughts, and plagues. One must also examine Greece itself. The landscape and climate of Greece have a large impact on the settlement of the Greeks. The land of Greece also affects what Greek communities were able to do economically, whether a city would be rich or poor. It is because Athens is located in Attica that it survived. Attica had the poorest soil in the Mycenaean world, and was the poorest of the major cities, therefore, when looking at the collapse of the Mycenaeans being caused by people, there would be no reason for said people to raid or invade Athens and Attica. It is because Athens survives that it is such an important site. Athens survived the fall of the Mycenaeans and in doing so acts as a refugee center and a jumping off point for the remaining Mycenaeans to flee east, to the Aegean islands and Anatolia. Athens also stayed occupied during the Dark Age and because of this it was able to make some advancements. In particular Athens was a leader in mainland Greece in the development of iron. Not only this, but Athens became a cultural center during the Dark Age, inventing both proto-geometric and geometric pottery. These styles were adopted by the rest of the Greek world, and Athens was looked to as the influence for these styles. It is because Athens was the poorest city and Attica the poorest area during the Mycenaean age that it survived. Because it survived it was able to continue to develop and in turn influence the rest of mainland Greece.
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Telò, Mario Eupolis. "Eupolidis Demi /." Firenze : Le Monnier, 2007. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/casalini06/07585616.pdf.
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Trevett, Jeremy. "Apollodoros the son of Pasion." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b4097bbd-1c63-4048-8798-cfe30a1fd793.
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This thesis is a study of the fourth century B.C. Athenian politician Apollodoros the son of Pasion of Acharnae, and of the speeches which he delivered and which are preserved in the Corpus Demosthenicum. Chapter 1 contains a chronological survey of the lives of Pasion and Apollodoros. In Chapter 2, which contains an examination of the financial circumstances of the family, I am concerned not merely to tackle the vexed question of the size of Pasion's estate, but also to analyse the sources of that wealth, and the uses to which it was put. In Chapter 3 I examine the question of the authorship of the speeches which Apollodoros delivered, including the performance of some simple stylistic tests, which reveal a clear difference of style between these speeches and the genuine private speeches of Demosthenes. In Chapter 4 I discuss the form and function of the speeches, examining how far they diverge from the practice of other Athenian orators, and how far they are influenced by rhetorical theory. I also seek to question the generally held view that they are incompetently composed, and suggest that any diverges from Demosthenic practice or from rhetorical theory should not necessarily be considered indicative of a lack of ability on the part of their author. In Chapter 5 I try to assess whether Apollodoros received a rhetorical education, and I examine the likely sources of his legal and historical knowledge. In Chapter 6 I examine in detail one particular aspect of the speeches: the inclusion of a long and detailed historical narrative in Against Neaera. I attempt to determine the sources of this account, and then to look for any signs elsewhere in the speeches of an historical interest on Apollodoros' part. Chapter 7 deals with Apollodoros' political career, whilst in Chapter 8 I examine the position of the family within Athenian society. I attempt to determine the social circles in which Pasion and Apollodoros moved, the extent to which they were accepted into Athenian high society, and the ways in which they tried to use their money to acquire social acceptance. The two appendices contain a discussion of the authenticity of documents preserved in the manuscripts of the speeches, and the data from two stylistic tests which I performed.
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McHugh, Sarah. "Renewing Athens : the ideology of the past in Roman Greece." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:edb6cac4-ff85-4635-9e66-f92524b7226c.
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In this thesis we explore the period of renewal that Athens experienced during the second century AD. This century saw Athens at the peak of her cultural prominence in the Roman Empire: the city was the centre of the League of the Panhellenion and hosted a vibrant sophistic scene that attracted orators from across the Greek world, developments which were ideologically fuelled by contemporary conceptions of Classical Athens. While this Athenian 'golden age' is a standard feature of scholarship on Greek culture under Rome, my thesis delves further to explore the renewal of the urban and rural landscapes at this time and the relationship between that process and constructions of Athenian identity. We approach the renewal of second-century Athens through four lenses: past and present in the Ilissos area; the rhetoric of the Panhellenion; elite conflict and competition; and the character of the Attic countryside. My central conclusions are as follows: 1. The renewal of Athens was effected chiefly by Hadrian and the Athenian elite and was modelled on an ideal Athenian past, strategically manipulated to suit present purpose; the attractions of the fifth-century golden age for this programme of renewal meant that politically contentious history of radical democracy and aggressive imperialism had to be safely rewritten. 2. Athens and Attica retained their uniquely integrated character in the second century. Rural Attica was the subject of a powerful sacro-idyllic ideology and played a vital role in concepts of Athenian identity, while simultaneously serving as a functional landscape of production and inhabitation. 3. The true socio-economic importance of the Attic countryside as a settled and productive landscape should be investigated without unduly privileging the limited evidence from survey, and by combining all available sources, both literary and documentary, with attention to their content, cultural context and ideological relevance.
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Savopoulos, George. "Strategies for the alleviation of traffic congestion in the central city of Athens." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52071.
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An impressive population growth and a rapidly expanding motor vehicle fleet have resulted in the "strangulation" of the city of Athens. Smog, traffic congestion, parking shortages, noise and excessive delays are everyday problems for the Athenians. The street network and the public transportation systems are not able to accommodate the existing traffic demands.
An effort was made to address the transportation needs, that require an immediate solution, in the central Athens area. Traffic counts and physical characteristics were obtained for the street network of the central city. A traffic simulation model, MASSVAC2, was employed for simulating existing traffic conditions during the noon peak period, assessing the quality of operations, identifying street deficiencies and testing and evaluating different traffic management strategies for the central city of Athens.
The need for the establishment of a comprehensive transportation plan, which consists of traffic management policies, traffic restraints, public transport improvements, and construction of a rail rapid transit system and a freeway-expressway system, was particularly stressed. The essential for effective coordination between agencies related to transportation management was also emphasized, for the alleviation of traffic congestion in the central area and the increase in the overall transport efficiency in the city of Athens.<br>Master of Science
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Kears, Matthew John. "Metics and identity in democratic Athens." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5046/.
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This thesis investigates the metics, or resident aliens, in democratic Athens and how they affected ideas of identity, with a particular focus on the fourth century BC. It looks at definitions of the metics and how the restrictions and obligations which marked their status operated; how these affected their lives and their image, in their own eyes and those of the Athenians; how the Athenians erected and maintained a boundary of status and identity between themselves and the metics, in theory and in practice; and how individuals who crossed this boundary could present themselves and be characterised, especially in the public context of the lawcourts. The argument is that the metics served as a contradiction of and challenge to Athenian ideas about who they were and what made them different from others. This challenge was met with responses which demonstrate the flexibility of identity in Athens, and its capacity for variety, reinvention and contradiction.
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Keim, Benjamin David. "The political economies of honor in democratic Athens." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609441.
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Kulevski, Branko. "Education and the Hellenistic schools of philosophy : a critical re-interpretation of the pedagogical history of the Athenian schools of philosophy and their representatives." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/11815.
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Hontos, Vasiliki. "Conservation survey of the Benaki Museum Photographic Archive in Athens, Greece /." Online version of thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11621.
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Iosifides, Theodoros. "Recent foreign immigration and the labour market in Athens." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360526.
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This thesis presents a mainly empirical analysis of the phenomenon of recent immigration to the Athens conurbation and of the relationship of foreign workers to the Athenian lahour market. The research focuses on three of the main groups of foreign migrant workers from Third World and Eastern European countries: Albanians, Egyptians and Filipinos. After an analysis of the nature and characteristics of the Greek economy and labour market the research is built around three major topics: the differentiation of migrant groups within the context of Greek labour market segmentation; the relation between immigration and the informal, underground economy; and the impact of immigration on the spatial and social division of labour in Athens. Methodologically, the main effort of the study was a field survey of recent immigrants in Athens, undertaken over a period of seven months hetween August 1995 and February 1996. The first three chapters of the thesis contain the theoretical hackground to the empirical research. Chapter 4 contains a detailed presentation of methodological tools and approaches adopted during the field research in Athens. Chapter 5 presents the general background and profile data of 141 immigrants interviewed, including such variables as age, sex, time and means of arrival, education and training, reasons for migrating to Greece, family circumstances, remittance behaviour, and plans for the future. Chapter 6 is an extended discussion of the interactions between immigrants and the Athens labour market, based partly on a detailed analysis of the city's economy and social formation, and pattly on interview results. Chapter 7 looks more closely at the day-to-day lives of the immigrants in Athens, focusing in particular on their housing arrangements and their impact on the social geography of the city. Finally Chapter 8 concludes the thesis. It shows how the empirical findings to the different research questions are related to each other and how these findings are related to past and contemporary theories of migration. The strengths and weaknesses of the research are evaluated and suggestions for further research made.
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Cavounidis, Jennifer Springer. "Family and productive relations : artisan and worker households in Athens." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336247.
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Algrain, Isabelle. "L'alabastre attique: origine, forme et usages." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209979.
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L’alabastre attique est une forme de vase à parfum en céramique produite à Athènes entre le milieu du VIe s. av. J.-C. et le début du IVe s. av. J.-C. L’objet de cette thèse est de présenter une étude globale, inexistante à ce jour, sur l’alabastre attique. En plus d’un examen typologique de la forme, généralement mené dans le cadre de ce type de recherche, nous avons voulu proposer une lecture économique, culturelle et sociale de l’alabastre.<p><p>La première partie de cette thèse est consacrée à l’identification de l’origine de l’alabastre et à sa diffusion en Méditerranée orientale. L’alabastre est originaire d'Égypte, où les premiers exemplaires en albâtre se développent à partir du VIIIe s. av. J.-C. Après avoir tracé son évolution morphologique, la thèse met en évidence les diverses régions de la Méditerranée orientale telles que le Levant, la Mésopotamie ou la Perse, où la forme est exportée et copiée, le plus souvent par des ateliers qui produisent des vases en pierre. Cette première partie met également l’accent sur le statut particulier de l’alabastre en pierre en Orient et en Égypte, où il restera longtemps associé au pouvoir royal ou aristocratique. Elle traite enfin de l’apparition de l’alabastre et de son statut dans le monde grec oriental. Ces importations déclenchent une réaction presque immédiate chez les artisans de ces régions qui produisent des alabastres en argent, en verre, en faïence, en ivoire, en bois et en céramique.<p><p>La seconde partie de cette étude aborde la production de l’alabastre attique en céramique qui s’étend du VIe s. av. J.-C. au début du IVe s. av. J.-C. Un premier chapitre est consacré à l’étude de son introduction dans le répertoire formel au milieu du VIe s. av. J.-C. par l’atelier d’Amasis et aux inspirations probables de cet artisan. Cette section s’est également penchée sur le difficile problème des phases de la production et de l’organisation interne des différents ateliers. Pour ce faire, nous avons élaboré une méthode d’analyse basée à la fois sur l’examen minutieux du travail du potier grâce aux variations dans les profils des vases et sur les données obtenues par les études ethno-archéologiques pour tenter de différencier les alabastres produits au sein d’ateliers différents et d’identifier, quand cela s’avérait possible, différents potiers au sein d’un même atelier. Cette étude formelle a distingué trois phases différentes de production qui présentent des caractéristiques typologiques distinctes. L’examen de l’organisation interne des ateliers a également mis en évidence les caractéristiques morphologiques des vases et a identifié les potiers les plus importants. L’examen attentif des pièces céramiques a permis de regrouper au sein d’un même atelier des artisans dont les liens étaient jusqu’alors insoupçonnés. Enfin, la deuxième partie se clôture par une analyse de la carte de distribution des alabastres attiques<p><p>La troisième partie de ce travail porte sur la fonction et les différents usages de l’alabastre sur base des sources littéraires, épigraphiques, iconographiques et archéologiques. Cette section se penche plus particulièrement sur l’identification des utilisateurs privilégiés des alabastres. En effet, de nombreuses études lient, de manière presque systématique, l’alabastre au monde féminin. Ce propos mérite d’être nuancé car, si le vase apparaît à maintes reprises dans des contextes féminins tels que ceux de la toilette et de la parure, il ne constitue pas exclusivement un symbole du monde des femmes. Cette troisième partie met en évidence le fait que l’alabastre est également utilisé dans un grand nombre d’autres contextes, notamment rituels, et représente souvent un symbole de luxe et de raffinement à l’orientale.<br>Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Lewis, David Correll. "Revealing the Parthenon's logos optikos : a historical, optical, and perceptual investigation of twelve classical adjustments of form, position, and proportion." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23998.
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Purday, K. M. "Minor healing cults within Athens and its environs." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379312.
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McConnell, Nicola Alexandria. "How the citizen-warrior was created in Classical Athens and Sparta." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6854/.
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This study explores how Classical Athens and Sparta created the warrior citizen and continued to motivate citizens to fight throughout their lives. It engages with the issues of the 'hoplite ideal', exploring the extent to which it existed in practice and the implications of hoplite ideology for other types of warrior. This study also considers various methods of training and proliferation of state ideology, both formal modes of training such as the Spartan agoge and also informal modes of training such as hunting. Modern sociological and psychological evidence regarding military training and the fostering of aggression are also considered. The important role of religious beliefs and mythology are examined with both the role of gods in battle (for example, in pre-battle sacrifices) and also the depiction of gods and heroes as military figures are considered as potential motivating factors. The potential for inter-state rivalries as played out during Panhellenic festivals and as displayed in Panhellenic sanctuaries is also explored as a motivating factor for individuals and for the state as a whole.
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Arampatzi, Athina. "Resisting austerity : the spatial politics of solidarity and struggle in Athens, Greece." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9145/.
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Recent protests occurring in cities around the world have articulated opposition to the ongoing crisis of neoliberal globalization and its outcomes in diverse geographical contexts. From the Spanish ‘Indignados’ to the occupation of Syntagma square in Athens, Greece and the US Occupy movement, emerging forms of contentious politics have reignited critical debates on cities and social movements. However, the underlying processes through which these emerge and develop, as well as their possibilities and limitations in articulating challenges to the latest phase of neoliberal restructuring and austerity, remain nascent. This thesis addresses these underdeveloped analytical foci on emergent contentious politics in austerity-driven contexts through the case of Athens, Greece. Situated within broad debates on cities and the geographies of social movements, it draws on qualitative data gathered during fieldwork and critical engagement in struggles in Athens to examine the processes that enable contentious practices to materialize and expand across space. In particular, I suggest that austerity politics and their outcomes on the city’s population have triggered grassroots responses that contest austerity and produce practical alternatives to address precipitating social reproduction needs. These are articulated through resistance and solidarity practices, which are grounded in local contexts, i.e. neighbourhoods across Athens, and become mutually constituted to broader alternatives and counter-austerity politics that unfold spatially across the city and beyond. In accounting for these, I develop the ideas of ‘struggle communities’ and ‘urban solidarity spaces’ that demonstrate: firstly, the process of the emergence and development of resistance and solidarity practices at the neighbourhood level and their relational links outwards; and, secondly, the process of the expansion of these across city space, nationally and through links to European anti-austerity movements, i.e. networking and cooperation tactics among local initiatives, the formation of a social/ solidarity economy and broader strategies of social empowerment and change.
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Adamidis, Vasileios. "Character evidence in the courts of classical Athens." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/16239.
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This doctoral thesis aims to explore the underlying rationale of the (by modern standards) wide use of character evidence in the courts of classical Athens. Linking divergent areas of social sciences such as law, history, psychology and social anthropology, this interdisciplinary quest examines under a socio-political prism the question of legal relevance in Athenian forensic rhetoric. Specifically, I am concerned with an in-depth analysis of the surviving court speeches placed in their context in order to reveal the function of the Athenian courts and the fundamental nature of Athenian law. I explore the utmost aims of the first democratic system of justice and give a verdict as to its orientation towards the attainment of key notions such as the rule of law, equity and fairness, or social stability through utilitarian dispute resolution. My claim is that, although ancient and modern definitions of such ideals are in essence incomparable, the Athenians achieved the rule of law in their own terms through the strict application of legal justice in their courts. In such a legal system, no ‘aberrations’ or irrelevant ‘extra-legal’ arguments may carry significant weight. Central for my argument is the homogeneous approach to (legal and quasi-legal) argumentation from Homer to the orators, in a period covering more than four centuries. Close analysis of the dispute-resolution passages in ancient Greek literature exposes the striking similarities with the rhetoric of litigants in the Athenian courts. Therefore, instead of isolating (in time and space) the sphere of the Athenian courts of the mid-5th to the late-4th centuries, my holistic approach discloses the need for an all-embracing interpretation of the wide use of character evidence in every aspect of argumentation. I argue that the explanation for this practice is to be found (on a subjective level) in the Greek ideas of ‘character’ and ‘personality’, the inductive method of reasoning, and (on an objective level) in the social, political and institutional structures of the ancient Greek polis. Thus, a new exegesis to the question of legal relevance for the Greeks emerges.
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Villing, Alexandra Claudia. "The iconography of Athena in mainland Greece and the East Greek world in the 5th and 4th centuries BC." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390403.
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Hochschulz, Barbara. "Kallistratos von Aphidnai : Untersuchungen zu seiner politischen Biographie /." München : Utz-Verl, 2007. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2902002&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Cerednicenco, Aliona. "“Trapped” in a new future: Case of Athens, Greece : Social and spatial segregation of the municipality of Athens andpossible solutions." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för Urbana Studier (US), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-18517.
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The mass displacement of people is a global phenomenon, inherent in human nature and the needfor survival. Over the last 30 years, Greece became a destination country for differentpopulations. Although the last wave of displacement people, starting from 2015, found Greece inan unstable economic situation due to the economic crisis. Since 2015, Greece has been facingthe two types of crises: economic and refugee. The refugee crisis found Greece, like many otherEU countries, unprepared for the number of people that they received. As well, for Greece therefugee crisis can be viewed as a crisis of legitimacy and strategies.During the last five years, Greece made significant steps in the regulation of the refugeesituation, especially after the EU-Turkey agreement in March 2016, when Greece officiallybecame a country of destination from a transit country. However, the laws and ministerialdecisions instead of decreasing the residential segregation led to an increase of socialsegregation. This paradox can be observed in the case of the Athenian municipality.This paradox defined the starting point of this thesis and aimed for the investigation of spatialand social segregation in the center of Athens. To study this theme qualitative data werecollected for analysis, including, semi-structured interviews, analysis of official documents, andobservation.The funding of this thesis illustrates that Greece never lost its status as a transit country. And thatthe biggest challenge that Athenian municipality is facing is the integration of refugees in Greeksociety. The undeveloped integration section shows significant distancing between Greeks andrefugees.
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D'Angour, Armand Jacob. "The dynamics of innovation : newness and novelty in the Athens of Aristophanes." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1317661/.
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This study looks at the dynamics of innovation: why innovation occurs, what newness means in diverse areas of life, how social, cultural and individual attitudes to novelty interact, and the wider impact of innovation. The historical focus is ancient Athens, a society well known for its originality and creativity. Despite Athens' well-known competitiveness and flair for innovation, classical historians have tended to emphasise its traditionalism and respect for the past. However, the comedies of Aristophanes testify to the deliberate pursuit of innovation and to the effects of rapid and wide-ranging change in the late fifth and early fourth centuries B.C. They are adduced, together with other sources for the period, as evidence for the kinds of innovation that took place in politics, law, religion and warfare, as well as in specialist skills (technai) such as rhetoric, the visual arts, music, and medicine. The sources reveal diverse reactions, ranging from ambivalence and anxiety to excitement and optimism, to the experience of newness in these culturally key areas of Athenian life. Attitudes and behaviour differed between individuals and social groups, depending on the area of innovation. A combination of factors served to encourage the drive to innovate: material circumstances such as commercialism, war, and imperial rule; social pressures such as competitiveness, democratic openness, and the desire for acclaim; and technical imperatives such as the pursuit of accuracy, efficacy, and originality. The proliferation of tools of verbal communication (specifically rhetoric and writing) to express and record new ideas; is a pervasive theme. In conclusion, a broad trend is discerned for the period, showing Athenians towards the end of the fifth century to have been unusually interested in the meaning and possibilities of innovation. Aristophanes' characterisation in particular of the climate of newness suggests an intriguing historical analogue to recent discourses of postmodernity.
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Procopos, Arthur S. "Greece, like Kronos, is Eating its Children : Small-Business People’s Responses to the Ongoing Economic Crisis in Athens, Greece." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/64042.
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This dissertation is concerned with the documentation and analysis of contemporary responses of a particular segment of Greek society to the economic crisis that has impacted on Greece, Europe and the wider capitalist world. Based on ethnographic research conducted in multiple sites, including the city of Athens and the village of Kandyla, I argue that dynamic contemporary connections exist between rural and urban Greece in relation to these responses. I also argue that contemporary responses to the crisis among this segment of society, notably small-business people, are constructed through and built upon strategies that have long histories in Greek village life and that are informed by responses to earlier crises, the memories of which are kept alive both materially and discursively. These responses are rooted in and performed in what Herzfeld has called “collective identification” evident in a set of shared sentiments among research participants regarding the valorisation of hard work and the principle of self-sufficiency, the parasitic nature of the Greek state, the constant production of insiders and outsiders in relation to the state, the use of reciprocity in business contexts, and the deployment of stereotypes regarding youths and politicians.<br>Dissertation (MSocSci) University of Pretoria, 2017.<br>Anthropology and Archaeology<br>MSocSci<br>Unrestricted
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Huang, Juin-Lung. "Law, reconciliation and philosophy : Athenian democracy at the end of the fifth century B.C. /." St Andrews, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/437.
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Wagner, Claudia. "Dedication practices on the Athenian Acropolis, 8th to 4th centuries B.C." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6f2e2c02-7bc0-43c0-843c-cc76217c1485.
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A society that regards nature as divine is constantly reminded of its dependence on the gods. It comes, therefore, as no surprise to find the sanctuary as major focus of the Greek community, in Athens literally occupying the centre of the city, the Acropolis. A central part of ancient religious life was the practice of offering gifts to the gods. The abundance of dedications on the Acropolis - which includes the full range from the simple terracotta figurines to exquisitely decorated pottery and life size marble sculpture - gives ample evidence of this. The Acropolis offers a unique opportunity to study the dedications of Athens' city sanctuary in its most important period of growth and power. The continued use of the sanctuary over centuries is not on all accounts a blessing. The history of the Acropolis and its buildings has yet to find a conclusive interpretation owing to the destruction of earlier evidence by later building phases. In Chapter II I give a brief summary of the different theories and their limits in satisfying all the evidence. The chapter is not intended as a detailed architectural study, but to establish as closely as possible when cults were introduced on the Acropolis and when building activity might have influenced the storage and disposal of dedications. The survival of the dedications themselves has been affected by the length of the sanctuaries' use. Different classes of objects have better chances of survival than others, some classes will have left no record in corpore. In Chapter III I introduce all sources: the objects (pottery, bronzes, sculpture, terracotta, etc.), the epigraphic and the literary evidence, and assess their value and completeness. The chapter is also an archaeological and iconographical study of the dedications. The objects are classified by type, and changes in decoration and shape of chosen dedications are explored. Flow charts show numerical changes in classes and types of objects during the centuries. In some cases it is also possible to make more conclusive statements about the dedicators. Inscribed names give the opportunity to recognize persons we know from history. I enquire into the identities and status of some of the dedicators and their motive for dedication and try to show how these motives might have changed with time. In Chapter IV the evidence concerning the placing of the dedications on the Acropolis is collected. What kind of dedications were stored in temple treasuries and if they were in the open (as statues), where were they placed on the Acropolis? In the conclusion I try to point out how changes in society and religion are reflected in the dedications.
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Kourliouros, Elias A. "Industrial space in contemporary Athens : the development and transformation of a southern European metropolis." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1995. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1394/.
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This thesis aims at contributing to our understanding of how spatial-industrial processes take place in a southern European capitalist metropolis, Athens, and how those processes are shaped not only by economic forces and tendencies, but by social, political and cultural forces as well -forces which are unique in the Greek case making, therefore, necessary a departure from the conventional theoretical corpus of urban industrial geography which has been almost exclusively centred around the primacy of economy and production. In that context, a critical examination of conventional theories was advanced (chap. 1) and an alternative explanatory framework for interpreting the very "logic" of structuration and change of the Athenian urban-production space was tentatively constructed (chap. 2). Since industrial processes in urban space form constituent parts of the social reality as a whole, it was necessary to address some major facets of the contemporary Greek social formation and of its relations with spatial structure. Thus, aspects of the modern Greek society, its relations with urban production space, the role of the political sphere and the nature of urban planning was explored. Analysis was then concretised as the thesis' scope moved gradually in more detailed analytical levels to encompass the key-aspects constituting the multifaceted nature of the contemporary Athenian industrial spatiality. Therefore, an analysis of the post-war drive of Greek industry from development to crisis and "negative restructuring" was undertaken and the spatial implications of those changes were addressed (chap. 3) in order to help us understand the wider context of spatial - industrial change in Attica -the region of Greater Athens. Sub-regional and intra-urban industrial change was then addressed (chap. 4). Analysis starts from a historical perspective of the structuration of the Athenian production space and then it addresses the major trends of the industrial geography of contemporary Athens. A further inquiry into this industrial geography was then undertaken in a detailed survey of a growing suburban industrial locality (chap. 5). In the remaining chapters some crucial socio-political and cultural forces affecting the Athenian industrial spatiality were examined. Thus, an analysis of recent policies and measures for the reorganization of the Athenian industrial space was undertaken, and compared against European experiences (chap. 6). The analysis was followed up by an examination of the major social and political factors contributing to the creation and diffusion of an anti-industrial culture in the contemporary Athenian society (chap. 7). This point was further concretised in a detailed analysis of the socio-political tensions and controversies arisen between the central government and various social actors over an official project aiming at a planned reorganization and renewal of a major part of the Athenian industrial space during the early 1990s (chap. 8). It was argued in concluding (chap. 9) that the major problems of the Athenian industrial space are not mostly linked up with structural deficiencies in the sphere of economy and production, alone, but, moreover, with the inability of Greek society and the state machine to "produce" even a minimum amount of consensus on how the production space of the Greek capital should be organized and in what directions it should develop in the future.
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Rochford, Harrison James. "Rhetorical Questioning: Oracles and Oratory in Fourth Century Athens." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/19220.
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The oracles of the ancient Greek world are renowned for not offering easy answers to easy questions. The oracles from ancient myths, poetry and even historiography forced their inquirers to interpret enigmatic utterances and reflect on the relationship between humans and the divine sphere. The role of these oracles in Greek culture, religion, politics, literature and even cognition has been subject to increased scrutiny in the past decades. This study extends scholarship on the use of oracles into a key intersection of these areas, the surviving public speeches of Athenian politics. This thesis collects and examines the 14 oracular responses that are preserved in the surviving speeches from Athens in the fourth century BCE. Rather than seeking to determine whether orators are quoting accurately, or whether the consultations ever occurred at all, the study analyses the function of oracular authority within their rhetorical context. Contrary to previous approaches to isolated examples from the speeches, the collection demonstrates that orators employed oracular authority in a distinctive but consistent way. Unlike the enigmatic oracles of orators used oracles to stress the clarity of divine goodwill to the polis.
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Cannon, Alyce Rose. "Human, All Too Human: Discourses of Disability in Classical Greece." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17723.
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Ancient histories of the disabled body are often characterised by the extent to which disabled people were cast out, maltreated, and stigmatised. Modern examinations of disability have frequently designated ancient Greece as the origin of the stigma and discrimination that has carried into modern times. This stance is typically supported by two key assumptions about the ancient world. The first is the common assumption that the Greeks practiced infant exposure: that any child deemed not worth rearing would be hurled off cliffs or removed from the city and left as food for beasts. The second is that, because the Greeks prioritised the beautiful body seen throughout classical sculpture, any physical body that differed from the classical rippling musculature, near-nudity, and perfect symmetry, must have been discriminated against. Yet, there is ample evidence from the fifth and fourth centuries B.C. that suggests that there were many different discourses of disability, not simply a collective rejection. This thesis conducts a versatile examination into the discursive and textual evidence for physical disabilities in classical Greece (480 – 323 B.C.) to show that ancient views of disability were more ambivalent and flexible than has hitherto been admitted by a modern scholarship. The evidence does show that ancient Greek peoples were prejudicial against disability, but prejudice is not the whole story. By overemphasising the prominence of the ideal body and neglecting bodies deemed variant, we permit and perpetuate a skewed vision of ancient discourses. As a reaction, this study seeks to restore physical disability to a more ambiguous position on the spectrum of ancient bodily perspectives, a position that is less fixed at the negative end than orthodox studies would suggest.
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Panayotopoulos, Nikos. "Terra Cognita. The Western Hegemonic representations of Greece through the case of Athens." Thesis, University of Derby, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.489955.
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The aim of this thesis is to show both how the contemporary Greek landscape has been represented through photography and to what degree has such an operation been determined or influenced by dominant western culture. To do so, if focuses on the Athenian environment, exploring it both theoretically and practically.
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Vaiou, Constantina. "Gender relations in urban development : an alternative framework of analysis in Athens, Greece." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323157.
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The thesis aims to contribute to research efforts to link geographical development with gender divisions in society. Its main aim is to study how gender inequality is inscribed in the process of urban development; and how in turn that process may be involved in constructing gender hierarchies as it shapes a context of everyday life. In order to think on these questions and on the particularities of a historically and geographically specific context, recent development of Athens is examined. The analysis proceeds from broad processes and patterns of urban development to a detailed study of a particular area, based on its history of urban growth, on a survey of women residents and on detailed interviews. In the light of theoretical and empirical elaboration, the thesis argues that not all aspects of urban development can pe thoroughly analysed and explained through the study of gender relations; and, conversely, not every aspect of gender relations can be thoroughly understood through the study of urban" deve lopment. The effort therefore is to clarify the conceptual and analytical links between processes of urban development and gender relations formed and re-defined therein. To this end, the analysis builds around two interrelated themes: "workplaces", or the workings of the urban labour market, and "homes", or conditions of reproduction. These themes, it is argued, constitute the material basis of gender relations and the conflicting realities of women's experiences. At the same time they illuminate important aspects of urban development, by shifting the emphasis on processes that shape quite diverse working and living environments and pattern the use of space and time in ways that affect differently people of different gender, class, culture. They can therefore form the basis of a framework of understanding where gender relations are part of the analysis and explanation of urban development.
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Murray, G. N. "Sparta en Athene: ’n studie in altérité." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1799.
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Thesis (MPhil (Ancient Studies)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.<br>The main purpose of this study is to investigate and describe the differences
between the fifth-century city states of Athens and Sparta. The approach I use
is that of altérité (“otherness”). I look in particular at four of the most
important social phenomena: women, slaves, the army and the political
structures. In these respects there are extensive differences between the two
city states: Athens acquired its slaves through buying them or as spoils of war
over time and on an individual basis; Sparta conquered and enslaved a whole
nation, the Messenians, early on to serve permanently as their slaves.
Athenian women enjoyed no social or legal freedom or rights; Spartan women
enjoyed all these rights and could own and inherit property and goods. In
Athens, since the time of Themistocles the fleet was regarded as much more
important than the infantry; Sparta had very early on developed a professional
infantry which was regarded as the best right through the Greek-speaking
world. Athens started changing its constitution at a relatively late stage, but
once started, continued to work on it until they attained an early form of
democracy; Sparta never developed beyond the monarchical stage, but did
adapt it to suit their needs.
The second purpose of this study is to discover and attempt to explain why the
above-mentioned differences are so great. The point here is not so much that
Athens was the model city state which everybody tried to emulate, but rather
that Sparta was the city state which was significantly different from any of the
others.
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Turner, Gordon R. B., and n/a. "Image and imagination : perspectives on Athenian naval influence in the fifth century BC." University of Otago. Department of Classics, 2007. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070814.155342.
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This thesis examines the Athenian navy in the fifth century BC from the standpoint of its image, in terms of perception and reputation, in comparison and contrast to its fact, in terms of actuality and truth. It investigates features of cultural history based around and arising from the contemporary state of mind about Athens� naval ships and sailors, from the points of view of Athenians and outsiders. Its hypothesis is that the supremacy of Athens� navy and the integrity of Athens� naval society in the fifth century were partly products of the Athenian imagination, and in turn gave rise to a reputation for Athens� navy and sailors that itself helped to fulfil Athens� naval and related tasks. Methodologically, the arguments of the thesis are developed 'from the inside out', as they are derived essentially from the primary sources, and then engage with secondary sources where appropriate. The approach is holistic, with source material derived principally from history, literature, art, architecture, and on-site analysis, with extensive illustrations. The thesis is expansive. It begins by examining the perception of Athens� naval supremacy and invincibility by Athenians and outsiders, and the impact that this had upon Athens� ability to achieve her naval and related objectives. It then looks inwardly upon Athens herself, in order to assess Athens� own social attitude towards her naval oarsmen and their base and home at the Piraeus. In this respect, the thesis investigates the development of artistic and literary depictions of the oarsmen of Athenian ships from the eighth to the fifth centuries, and the conclusions to be drawn from their visibility or its lack. It then considers the relationship between Athens and the Piraeus, beginning with the foundations of the image of unity before contrasting that image with the reality of naval division, in terms of Ionianism, autochthony, administration, politics, cult, and the deceit of Athenicity. The thesis then casts its net from the Piraeus across the Aegean Sea, by assessing the roles of Samos and Delos in the perception of naval Athens. Lastly, the thesis examines a topic that combines those of Athens� navy, the Piraeus, and overseas involvement. This topic is the importance of the reputations of Athens� navy and of the Piraeus in overseas trade with Athens� allies and particularly non-allies; and, including social and legal considerations, for influential Athenian citizens who wished to protect their investments in maritime loans for the transit of essential goods to Athens. The thesis concludes that the influence of the Athenian navy was indeed a product of image as much as of fact.
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Chrysovergis, Stavros. "Rethink Crisis : Rehousing Democracy in Athens." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-168429.
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Almost 40.000 Greeks became homeless the past 8 years due to the economic crisis. But there is still hope! This project reflects on how architecture can lead to a more humane society using democratic methods and a city’s urban strengths. It explores how volunteers, the State and the Private Sector can collaborate through competitions and win-win agreements in order to gradually transform an abandoned commercial center and landmark, MINION, into a qualitative pilot housing project with socialization space for hundreds of homeless people. This could finally lead to the revitalization of the decaying Athenian environment through a number of stages. The project has a dual purpose and the idea is very simple. On one hand the project needs to include stores and other commercial spaces that reflect the old Athenian character in order to attract the interest of the higher financial layers of Greece and invest their capital. On the other hand the State will use this capital in order to provide qualitative housing to people in need. MINION is actually turns from a ‘commercial machine’ that used to be, into a ‘social machine’. All these actions will be completed with the collaboration of the tenants of the building.<br>Nästan 40 000 greker har blivit hemlösa de senaste 8 åren på grund av den ekonomiska krisen. Men det finns fortfarande hopp! Detta projekt reflekterar över hur arkitektur kan leda till ett mänskligare samhälle med hjälp av demokratiska metoder och en stads urbana styrkor. Det utforskar hur volontärer, staten och den privata sektorn kan samarbeta genom tävlingar och win-win avtal genom att gradvis omvandla ett övergivet kommersiellt centrum och landmärke, MINION, till ett kvalitativt pilotbostadsprojekt med socialiseringsplats för hundratals hemlösa. Detta skulle slutligen leda till en vitalisering av den förfallande atenska miljön genom ett antal steg. Projektet har ett dubbelt syfte och tanken är mycket enkel. Å ena sidan måste projektet omfatta butiker och andra kommersiella utrymmen som återspeglar den gamla atenska karaktären för att locka de högre ekonomiska lagren i Grekland att investera sitt kapital. Å andra sidan kommer staten att använda detta kapital för att ge kvalitativa bostäder till människor i nöd. MINION förändras från en ’kommersiell maskin’ till en ’social maskin’. Alla dessa åtgärder kommer att utföras i samarbete med alla bostadsprojektets invånare.
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Tsilimpounidi, Myrto. "Remapping Athens : an analysis of urban cosmopolitan milieus." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/39736/.
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The study makes a claim for a critical cosmopolitanism situated in daily performances and encounters of difference in Athens. In the wake of mass migration and economic crisis, the contemporary urban environment changes, creating new social spaces where identities and cultures interact. Festivals are seen as sites of creative dialogue between the Self, the Other and local communities. Festivals are examples of those new spaces where different performances of belonging give rise to alternative social imaginations. This study explores the emotional, cultural and political aspects of cosmopolitanism with the latter leading to the formation of an active civil society. As such, it seeks to evidence cosmopolitanism as an embodied, everyday practice. The research thus extends the current field by locating its empirical lens in a specific milieu. Empirical analysis of grounded cosmopolitanism anchored in behavioural repertoires redefines ubiquitous polarities of margin and centre, pointing towards social change in Athens. Fieldwork was conducted in Athens over eighteen months, comprising of building communities of participants involved in three festivals, including both artists and organisations. Research methods included observation and participation in the festivals, which were photographically documented for research visual diaries. Semi-structured interviews formed the core of the fieldwork. The approach allowed access to experiences, feelings and expressions through artworks, embodying ‘third spaces'. In the milieu of rapid social change, as urban localities transform as a result of economic and social crisis, the need for redefining politics emerges. The case studies explore how change in a celebratory moment can have a more sustainable legacy encouraging active citizenship. The analysis highlights the value of a model of cosmopolitanism in action, positing that transformation of the social and political must be local and grounded in everyday actions if it is to engage with promises of alternative futures.
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Ajir-Fameli, Farahdokht. "Special education teachers' perception of mentally handicapped pupils : a case study in the Greater Athens region of Greece." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2084.
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In this thesis I set out to study the process through which special education teachers characterise and educate a group of pupils who are categorised as mentally handicapped. Teachers' perceptions of their pupils are reflected in their educational practice and constitute an important element in the complex and lengthy procedure during which a child is defined as mentally handicapped. The research examines these issues in practice by way of a case study of teachers in the Greater Athens Region of Greece. During the school years the label of mental handicap may be confirmed and maintained in a child's identity as he/she moves into adulthood. Schooling may also work in a positive way and provide for a child's eventual integration in the mainstream education and the community. It is this positive aspect of schooling which has become an inseparable part of the underlying principles in special education today. The Greek Education Act of 1985 concerns individuals with special educational needs and refers to the category of mentally handicapped, among other groups, as those with a right to education. As stated in the Act the scope of education is to provide for the balanced and effective development of the individuals concerned as well as for their mutual acceptance and integration in the community as a whole. The above principles laid down by the policy makers are loosely framed in the context of the Act and are open to interpretation by those who are involved in the practice of special education. Reference in the Act to "the balanced and effective development of the individuals and possibilities for their integration" may be defined in a variety of ways by the professionals involved in the system of special education. Among the latter the role of the teachers is a central one. Teachers are Expected to educate pupils who are already categorised as mentally handicapped and help them develop their potential and integrate as best as possible in the community. Depending on their personal experience, gained in the community, their training and their involvement in the system of special education, teachers may take different approaches in defining what mental handicap is and how education of the mentally handicapped pupils should and/or could be carried out. On the one hand teachers develop a professional ideology, that is, their conception of how their task should be carried out. On the other hand, faced with practical aspects of implementing such ideologies, teachers reach decisions as how to handle different cases in given situations. Thus, I am using the concept of teachers' perceptions of mental handicap to refer to the practical aspects of teaching the mentally handicapped as well as the teachers' own ideologies. The empirical research began with an exploratory study. This involved a sample of 10 teachers in 5 special schools in the study area. The results of the exploratory phase were then used for the design of the main research which concerned the study of 13 special schools with a sample of 40 teachers. In both exploratory and main research I have followed a research methodology based on the ethnographic approach in educational studies. This involved a flexible design to start the research and the use of observation and informal interview techniques in data collection. The results have been analysed mainly qualitatively. They show the range of criteria teachers in the sample are applying to identify their mentally handicapped pupils, criteria such as physical features or social and psychological characteristics of the pupils. They are not, however, applied in a universal manner by all the teachers. Variation in the criteria is analysed and conclusions are drawn that may be of use to further study in this area. As far as education of the mentally handicapped is concerned the results of my research point out the existence of a complex network of interactions within which teachers have to carry out their task. It involves elements both within and outside the schools where they teach, i. e., the attitude of the community as a whole and the general atmosphere at work. Teachers' approaches towards their mentally handicapped pupils may be formed through a process of interaction in different setups. In this research I am attempting to discover the outcomes of such interactions by studying teachers' practice of special education in the actual setting of the schools. I have sought to demonstrate that the outcome of teachers' interaction in each specific situation adds to a cluster of perceptions within which mental handicap is defined and dealt with. In some cases teachers may help maintain this already existing cluster, in other cases they may modify its form.
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Zachariadis, Alexis. "Polysporous Varvakios : A creative platform and communal space in the heart of Athens, Greece." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-146891.
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Athens is today at the epicentre of fast and disruptive societal changes in a dramatically altered economic reality. Meanwhile, there is a growing sense of responsibility for the public space among its citizens. Polysporous Varvakios aims to catalyze these societal changes by creating a communal space and creative platform on Varvakios square, in the heart of Athens. Inspired by the notion of the agora, the project promotes social and urban cohesion by adding public space with different functions, on multiple levels of the city. In an area characterized by diversity and heterogeneity, both socially and architecturally, a homogeneous structure is placed. It aims to establish connections between areas previously isolated from each other. The design proposes an open workshop space at the elevated level and an opening of the square underneath, extending the existing market place and stimulating activity at all hours of the day.<br>Aten befinner sig idag i epicentrum för snabba och omvälvande samhällsförändringar i en dramatiskt ändrad ekonomisk verklighet. Samtidigt har de senaste åren sett en sorts kollektiv anda och gemensamt ansvar för stadens offentliga rummet träda fram och växa bland medborgarna. Polysporous Varvakios ämnar att katalysera dessa sociala skiftningar genom att skapa ett offentligt rum och kreativ plattform på Varvakios torg, i hjärtat av Aten. Inspirerat av idén om agoran främjar projektet social och urban sammanhållning genom att addera offentligt rum med olika funktioner, på olika nivåer i staden. I ett område kännetecknat av mångfald och heterogenitet, såväl socialt som arkitektoniskt, placeras en homogen struktur. Den syftar till att upprätta kopplingar och förbindelser mellan områden som idag är isolerade från varandra. Designen föreslår en öppen workshopyta på den upphöjda nivån, en kreativ plattform, och en öppning av torget nedanför, något som förlänger den befintliga marknaden och stimulerar aktivitet vid alla tider på dygnet.
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Gemi, Eda. "Socio-economic integration of immigrants in Greece : the case of the Greater Athens area." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2015. http://repository.londonmet.ac.uk/898/.
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This study examines issues pertaining to the socio-economic integration of immigrants in Greece. Its focus is on two localities of the greater Athens area, Piraeus and Korydallos, and on three immigrant communities: Albanians, East Europeans and Asians. The research is set within the context of debates about immigration and integration, and more specifically within the economic, social and ethno-cultural context of Greece. This approach, which primarily recognises the specific significance of the host country’s structures, perceives immigrants as dynamic actors that develop competition strategies in the context of their own cultural references and sense-making. Through this perspective, it is argued that immigrants develop autonomous individual and/or collective integration strategies, which are largely a result of the bottom-up interaction of immigrants with both the native population and the sociopolitical institutions of the host country, at the local level. This thesis is the outcome of fieldwork research that involved probability quota sampling of 270 immigrants from Albania, Asia and Eastern Europe, interviewed in person using a structured questionnaire, with some room for collecting qualitative data. It examines the level of socio-economic integration of immigrants by applying quantitative methods (construction of the integration index, the use of one-way ANOVA, independent samples t-test and multiple linear regression analysis), and descriptive analysis. The integration indicators include: employment, housing, use of the Greek language, social interaction, social and political participation, self-evaluation of integration, and racism and discrimination. The findings provide an empirical account of the level of integration of immigrants, revealing a significant degree of heterogeneity among communities, a factor that has unavoidably conditioned integration patterns. East Europeans display the highest level of partial integration in comparison to the other immigrant groups. Albanians appear relatively stable at the level of partial integration, while the Asians display a marginal integration pattern. The integration index of socio-economic integration stands at the level of partial integration. The multiple linear regression analysis shows that citizenship, years of residence and educational are significant predictors of integration levels. The empirical findings corroborate the hypothesis of differentiated exclusion in the integration process of immigrants, with the relevant policies leaving room for partial integration only. Furthermore, the study suggests that the limited range of the state’s institutional intervention appears to offer increased space for local and individual micro-processes, confirming that micro-level practices and strategies of the immigrants themselves are the most effective channels in shaping the phenomenon of socio-economic integration.
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Hooper, Thomas Peter. "Athenian political leadership in the classical democracy." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610119.
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Kafiris, Krini. "The rise to dominance of commercial radio broadcasting in Athens, Greece : a global local perspective." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270729.
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Rakić, Tijana. "World heritage, tourism and national identity : a case study of the Acropolis in Athens, Greece." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2008. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/4165.
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Dibble, William F. "Politika Zoa: Animals and Social Change in Ancient Greece (1600-300 B.C.)." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin151203957883514.
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Spyridis, Theodoros. "Testing the risk and return trade-off in the Athens stock exchange." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2009. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/8141/.
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The present thesis is focused on the examination of the relationship between specific variables with the application of asset pricing models as well as the employment of (G)ARCH models, unit root and cointegration analysis. A theoretical and empirical review on the models is presented and, more specifically, there is an empirical examination of the validity of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and the two main forms of the Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) in the Athens Stock Exchange (ASE) during the period 1989-2006. Furthermore, there is an empirical application of specific (G)ARCH models on the variables under examination and an investigation of whether there are long-run relationships between different sets of financial and macroeconomic variables – whether the variables are cointegrated. The results of the tests show the inability of the CAPM to explain the behaviour of stocks for the period under examination, as well as for the sub-periods (1984-1994, 1995-2000, and 2001-2006 respectively). This means that the (optimal) market portfolio used in the CAPM presents a poor explanatory power on the returns of stocks. On the contrary, the results of the statistical APT model show that there may be factors other than the market portfolio that can explain the behaviour of stocks. Similarly, the results from the application of the macroeconomic APT model show that specific macroeconomic variables can partially explain stocks’ behaviour. Finally, the existence of long-run relationships between macroeconomic and financial variables, based on a series of cointegration tests, is evidence that there are different factors that can affect stocks, leading to a possible weak-form inefficiency of the Greek market.