Artykuły w czasopismach: „Assemblage”

1

Nilsson, I. "Upper Palaeozoic fusulinid assemblages, Wandel Sea Basin, North Greenland". Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 161 (1.01.1994): 45–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/rapggu.v161.8243.

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Eight fusulinid assemblages are recognized in the Mallemuk Mountain Group of North Greenland. They are of late Moscovian (Wedekindellina assemblage), late Kasimovian (Rauserites ex. gr. simplex assemblage), early-middle Gzhelian (Rauserites ex. gro rossicus assemblage), late Gzhelian – ?early Asselian (Schellwienia arctica assemblage), early Asselian (Sphaeroschwagerina aff. S. vulgaris assemblage), middle-late Asselian (Schwagerina ex. gro nathorsti assemblage), latest Asselian - earliest Sakmarian (Schwagerina aff. S. moelleri – S. ex. gro exuberate assemblage) and late Sakmarian (Schwagerina plicatissima assemblage) ages. These assemblages show close similarities to faunas described elsewhere in the present Arctic region, i.e. Arctic Russia, Southwest Barents shelf, Svalbard and Arctic Canada.

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Dinnis, Rob, i Damien Flas. "Trou du Renard and the Belgian Aurignacian". Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 82 (13.05.2016): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ppr.2016.4.

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A wealth of cave sites makes southern Belgium the most important area for understanding the north-western European Early Upper Palaeolithic. However, despite their abundance, the interpretation of many assemblages remains problematic. Here we present a new study of lithic material from layer B of Trou du Renard (Furfooz, Namur Province) and consider its place in the Belgian Aurignacian. The assemblage is typical of Late Aurignacian assemblages found across western Europe, underscoring the contrast between the Aurignacian and the periods that pre- and post-date it, when we instead see profound differences between north and south. The assemblage is apparently unmixed, distinguishing Trou du Renard from other key Belgian Aurignacian cave sites. A large proportion of the site’s lithic assemblage documents the production of small bladelets from carinated/busquéburin cores, suggesting that Trou du Renard served as a short-term hunting camp. Radiocarbon dating cannot pinpoint the assemblage’s age, though here it is argued to be c. 32–33,000bp(c. 36–37,000 calbp) on the basis of its similarity to the well-dated Aurignacian assemblage from Maisières Canal (Atelier de Taille de la Berge Nord-Estarea). For the same reason a third assemblage – Trou Walou layer CI-1 – is also argued to be contemporaneous. Trou du Renard, Maisières Canal and Trou Walou may represent three points in the same Late Aurignacian landscape. Differences between their lithic assemblages can be explained by the acquisition and transport of flint, and by a desire to produce small bladelets of highly standardised form irrespective of the size and shape of available blanks.

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Ito, Yoichi, Yuko Iijima, Naoyuki Itoh i Yuya Kimura. "Multilocus genotyping of Giardia duodenalis isolates from breeding cattery cats in Japan". Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports 3, nr 2 (lipiec 2017): 205511691774523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2055116917745237.

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Objectives The present study reports the multilocus genotyping of Giardia duodenalis isolates from cats maintained in breeding catteries in Japan and discusses their potential for zoonotic transmission. Methods A total of 41 faecal samples positive for Giardia-specific antigen were procured from cats maintained in five breeding catteries and subjected to PCR to amplify four gene loci, namely small subunit ribosomal RNA ( SSU rRNA), glutamate dehydrogenase ( gdh), beta-giardin ( bg) and triose phosphate isomerase ( tpi ). The PCR-amplified DNA fragments were sequenced to determine the G duodenalis genotypes (synonym for assemblages). Results The most commonly occurring single assemblage was assemblage F (68.3%; n = 28/41), followed by assemblage A (12.2%; n = 5/41) and assemblage C (2.4%; n = 1/41). The mixed assemblages were identified as follows: assemblages F and A (9.8%; n = 4/41), assemblages F and C (4.9%; n = 2/41) and assemblages C and D (2.4%; n = 1/41). Additional sub-genotyping of assemblage A isolates based on three of the sequenced loci ( gdh, bg and tpi ) revealed that all eight isolates were identified as sub-assemblage AI and/or AII. Conclusions and relevance The present study is the first to report the detection of dog-adapted assemblages C and D in feline isolates from Japan. In addition, zoonotic sub-assemblage AI and human-adapted sub-assemblage AII were also identified. Thus, we concluded that the risk of transmission of G duodenalis from breeding cattery cats to humans is considerable and cannot be ignored.

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Srivastava, S. C. "Palynological correlation of coal seams in Godavari Graben, Andhra Pradesh, India". Journal of Palaeosciences 35, nr (1-3) (31.12.1986): 281–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.1986.1542.

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The palynological study of various coal seams from Yellandu, Kothagudem, Belampalli, Ramakrishnapuram and Ramagundam coalfields of Godavari Graben has been done. The distributional pattern of various palyno-taxa has suggested the occurrence of six miospore assemblages. Miospore Assemblage E is marked by the association of Parasaccites and Scheuringipollenites. Assemblage D is characterised by the dominance of Brevitriletes. In assemblages C1, C2 and C3, Brevitriletes is associated with Hennellysporites. Indotriradites, although rare, occurs only in this assemblage. Horriditriletes and Latosporites characterise Assemblage B in association with Brevitriletes Primuspollenites gains significance only at this stage of palynofloral succession. In the youngest Assemblage A all the triletes decrease appreciably giving way to nonstriate-disaccates, Scheuringipollenites, so as to take up the dominance. The sporological succession shows only one change after Assemblage E (Upper Karharbari) was deposited. Miospore assemblages D to A represent the Lower Barakar palynoflora.

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Rogers, Jean Beyer, i Ellen K. Pikitch. "Numerical Definition of Groundfish Assemblages Caught Off the Coasts of Oregon and Washington Using Commercial Fishing Strategies". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 49, nr 12 (1.12.1992): 2648–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f92-293.

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Numerical definition of species caught together by the groundfish trawl fishery operating off the Oregon and Washington coasts during 1985–87 indicated six major assemblages of species. Observers on commercial vessels recorded data allowing estimation of the weights of commercially important species caught in each tow. Assemblages were selected based on consistencies in three types of analysis of the species weights: detrended correspondence ordination, two-way indicator species clustering, and Bray–Curtis group average clustering. Two of the assemblages were dominated by a single species, one consisting largely of smooth pink shrimp (Pandalus jordani) and the other primarily of widow rockfish (Sebastes entomelas). The other assemblages identified were a deepwater rockfish assemblage, a deepwater Dover sole assemblage, a nearshore mixed-species assemblage, and a bottom rockfish assemblage. These assemblages of commercially cooccurring species may be treated as units in developing mixed-species management plans. The deepwater rockfish assemblage we identify has not been previously described.

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Aguiar, Juliana Martins, Sheila Oliveira Silva, Valdir Azevedo dos Santos, Sueli Akemi Taniwaki, Tricia Maria Ferreira de Sousa Oliveira, Helena Lage Ferreira, Lara Borges Keid, Fábio Gregori i Rodrigo Martins Soares. "Evidence of heterozygosity and recombinant alleles in single cysts of Giardia duodenalis". Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 25, nr 2 (7.06.2016): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612016031.

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Abstract Giardia duodenalis is divided into eight assemblages (named A to H). Isolates of assemblage A are divided into four sub-assemblages (AI, AII, AIII and AIV). While isolates of sub-assemblage AII are almost exclusively detected in human hosts, isolates of assemblage B are encountered in a multitude of animal hosts and humans. Here, we isolated single cysts of G. duodenalis from a human stool sample and found that one of them had overlaps of assemblage AII and B alleles and an unexpectedly high number of variants of the beta-giardin (Bg) and GLORF-C4 (OrfC4) alleles. In addition, one of the Bg alleles of that cyst had a fragment of sub-assemblage AII interspersed with fragments of assemblage B, thus indicating that this allele may be a recombinant between sequences A and B. Our results are unprecedented and put a check on the statement that different assemblages of G. duodenalis represent species with different host specificities.

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Im, Sook. "A Study on the Changes and Livelihood and Economy of Woodworking Tools Made of Stone in the Bronze Age". Korean Ancient Historical Society 118 (30.11.2022): 5–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18040/sgs.2022.118.5.

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Woodworking tools made of stone during the Bronze Age include stone axes, flat-adze, stone chisels, pillar-shaped adze, and grooved adze. Woodworking tools can be divided into periods that can be broadly classified into the first, middle, and late periods, and cultural types that include localities such as Misari assemblage, Garakdong type, Yeoksamdong assemblage, Heunamri assemblage, Songgukri assemblage, Geomdanri assemblage, and Cheonjeonri assemblage. Changes in the assemblages of woodworking tools by period, cultural type, and woodworking tools are in line with the existing Bronze Age research on the livelihood and Economy. As a result of the analy sis, the s tone axes of the early Bronze Age were s imilar in s ize to those of the Neolithic Age. Therefore, in the early Bronze Age, the Livelihood and Economy related to the use of woodworking tools would have been similar to that of the Neolithic Age. Woodworking tools of Geomdanri assemblage, Cheonjeonri assemblage, and Songgukri assemblage in the middle of the Bronze Age were all different in size and assemblages. Woodworking tools of the Geomdanri assemblage maintain electrical tradition. The Cheonjeonri assemblage maintains the phenomenon of decreasing stone axes leading to the early Neolithic and Bronze Age and increasing the flat-adze. As for the Songgukri assemblage, the difference in size between the stone axe and the blade of the flat-adze. In addition, the composition ratio of the stone axe is greatly reduced, and the composition ratio of the flat-adze of the plane is greatly increased. This aspect means that the Songgukri assemblage has entered a new society based on the living environment, which is distinguished from other cultural assemblages in the early and mid-term. As described above, changes in the size and assemblage of woodworking tools in the Bronze Age are closely related to the living environment.

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van de Vijver, Bart, i Louis Beyens. "Freshwater diatom communities of the Strømness Bay area, South Georgia". Antarctic Science 8, nr 4 (grudzień 1996): 359–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102096000533.

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Modern diatom samples were collected from 43 sites across the Strømness Bay area of South Georgia. From 115 taxa belonging to 22 six diatom assemblages were distinguished. A CCA-analysis indicated that the assemblages are linked to pH and conductivity ranges, and habitat structure. The Eunotia paludosa var. paludosa - Eunotia subarcuatoides assemblage occurs in small acid water bodies. Samples of the Fragilaria germainii - Pinnularia aff. anglica assemblage are found in pools with a relatively high conductivity. The Fragilaria neoproducta assemblage and the Achnanthes subatomoides - Navicula vitabunda assemblage are mainly found in larger pools and lakes. This relationship between the assemblages and pH was comparable with results found in the testate amoebae fauna of South Georgia.

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Shott, Michael J. "Size Dependence in Assemblage Measures: Essentialism, Materialism, and “She” Analysis in Archaeology". American Antiquity 75, nr 4 (październik 2010): 886–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.7183/0002-7316.75.4.886.

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"Assemblage" is a fundamental archaeological construct. By their composition, we interpret assemblages as expressions of activity or cultural identity. Yet they are not simple products of these factors alone but also of formation processes. Assemblages accumulated over varying spans, with varying combinations of tool types and discard rates. They are contexts for the playing out of complex relationships, not static types. This is a materialist view, against the essentialist view that assemblages are exemplars of ideal types (e.g., "base camps," "Quina Mousterian"). Materialism implies that their size and composition, fundamental assemblage characteristics, are correlated variables, not fixed properties, and that composition varies as size increases. I document size dependence consistent with materialism in Paleoindian and Paleolithic assemblages. Among ways to analyze size-dependent assemblage data, I apply "SHE analysis"—the joint study of assemblage richness, heterogeneity, and evenness—to gauge data’s fit to theoretical models. Archaeologists acknowledge size dependence, but we misapprehend it as a methodological bias of assemblage measures that must be suppressed when, in materialist perspective, it reveals meaningful relationships that an essentialist view cannot.

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10

MacDonald, Eugene W. "A preliminary radiolarian biozonation for the Lower Silurian of the Cape Phillips Formation, Nunavut, Canada". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 43, nr 2 (1.02.2006): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e05-104.

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Radiolaria from the Lower Silurian of the Cape Phillips Formation, Nunavut, Canada allow the definition of four biostratigraphic assemblages. The Haplotaeniatum assemblage extends from the basal Llandovery to topmost Coronograptus cyphus graptolite Biozone. The base is taken as the first occurrence of Haplotaeniatum nunavutensis; no samples were collected below the OrdovicianSilurian boundary. The top of the assemblage is defined by the first occurrence of Orbiculopylorum. The Orbiculopylorum assemblage is marked by the first occurrence of Orbiculopylorum. The boundary between this assemblage and the overlying Plussatispila assemblage is unclear because of a break in stratigraphy (upper Spirograptus turriculatus through Monograptus crispus graptolite biozones). The last occurrence of Orbiculopylorum defines the top of the assemblage. The base of the Plussatispila assemblage is defined by the last occurrence of Orbiculopylorum. A barren interval (Cyrtograptus insectus to lower Monograptus instrenuus Cyrtograptus kolobus graptolite biozones) separates the Plussatispila assemblage and subsequent Ceratoikiscum assemblage. The first occurrence of Ceratoikiscum is taken as the boundary between these assemblages. The top of the Ceratoikiscum assemblage is not established, but is taken as the first occurrence of Inanihella tarangulica Group radiolarians. This zonation is comparable to, and a modification from, the global radiolarian biozonation of Noble and Aitchison (2000).

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Chen, Yu-Kai, Chia-Yi Pan, Yi-Chen Wang, Hsiu-Ju Tseng, Bo-Kun Su i Ming-An Lee. "Interannual variability of larval fish assemblages associated with water masses in winter in the Taiwan Strait during 2007–2013". Fisheries Science 87, nr 1 (styczeń 2021): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12562-020-01489-z.

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AbstractIn this study, the interannual variations of ichthyoplankton assemblages in the Taiwan Strait (TS) during the winters of 2007–2013 were determined. The cold China Coastal Current (CCC) and Mixed China Coastal Water (MCCW) intruded into the TS and impinged with the warm Kuroshio Branch Current (KBC) with annual variations. Consequently, the ichthyoplankton community in the TS was mainly structured into two assemblages characterized by differing environmental conditions. The composition of the warm KBC assemblage was relatively stable and was characterized by Diaphus B and Bregmaceros spp. By contrast, the cold MCCW assemblage demonstrated considerable variations over the years, with demersal Gobiidae and Scorpaenidae families considered the most representative. In addition, Benthosema pterotum and Trichiurus spp. were common in both KBC and MCCW assemblages. The distribution of the KBC assemblage demonstrated sharp boundaries in the frontal zones, whereas changes in the assemblage structure between the frontal zones were gradual for the MCCW assemblage, particularly when demersal taxa were dominant. Sea surface temperature and salinity were most strongly associated with variability in the assemblage structure during the study period. Thus, this paper provides a better understanding of long-term larval fish dynamics during winter in the TS.

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Dybkjær, Karen, i Erik Skovbjerg Rasmussen. "Organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst stratigraphy in an expanded Oligocene–Miocene boundary section in the eastern North Sea Basin (Frida-1 Well, Denmark) and correlation from basinal to marginal areas". Journal of Micropalaeontology 26, nr 1 (1.04.2007): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/jm.26.1.1.

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Abstract. The organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst (dinocyst) assemblages in an unusually thick (>800m) Oligocene–Miocene boundary succession from the eastern North Sea Basin (the Frida-1 Well) were studied. Six successive dinocyst assemblages are described: the Wetzeliella gochtii Assemblage (early Chattian), the Distatodinium biffii Assemblage (Chattian), the Deflandrea phosphoritica Assemblage (latest Chattian), the Homotryblium spp. Assemblage (early Aquitanian), the Caligodinium amiculum Assemblage (Aquitanian) and the Cordosphaeridium cantharellus Assemblage (latest Aquitanian to early Burdigalian). The dinocyst assemblages are compared with informal dinocyst zonations proposed for the southern North Sea Basin (Germany, Belgium and the Netherlands).A correlation of the expanded basinal succession in Frida-1 with the marginal marine succession found onshore Jylland, based on the dinocyst stratigraphy combined with well logs and seismic data, is proposed. This correlation confirms earlier proposed datings of the onshore deposits and the presence of several hiati. Furthermore, the correlation made it possible to subdivide the succession in Frida-1 into the sequences A–C, as defined onshore. The Mi-1 glaciation event and thus the Oligocene–Miocene boundary are proposed to correlate to the boundary between sequences A and B.

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Rao, M. R., i C. P. Rajendran. "Palynological investigations of tertiary lignite and associated sediments from Cannanore, Kerala Basin, India". Journal of Palaeosciences 43, nr 1-3 (31.12.1994): 63–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.1994.1177.

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The palynofloral recovered from the Tertiary lignite and associated sediments exposed along Cannanore and adjoining area of Kerala Basin consists of 50 genera and 73 species. Of these, 13 genera and 20 species are represented by pteridophytic spores and 36 genera and 52 species to angiospermous pollen. Ten species have been proposed as new. Some significant constituents of the assemblage are- Lygodiumsporites, Dictyophyllidites, Crassoretitriletes, Intrapunctisporis, Cheilanthoidspora, polypodiisporites, Retimonosulcites, Quilonipollenites, Lakiapollis, Tricolpites, Gemmatricolpites, Tricolporopollis, Dermatobrevicolporites, Margocolporites, Retitrescolpites, Meliapollis, Ctenolophonidites, Myricipites, Triporopollenites, Clavaperiporites and Malvacearumpollis. Quantative dominance of angiospermous pollen is a conspicuous feature of the assemblage. Ecological analysis of the assemblage identifies several palaeoassociations of low-land, fresh water swamp and water edge, sandy beach, montane and back mangrove vegetation. The recorded palynological assemblages indicate the prevalence of wet semi-evergreen type of vegetation with warm and humid tropical climate and plenty of rainfall during sedimentation. The brackish-water environment of deposition is indicated by back-mangrove elements (Palaeosantalaceaepites, Mavacearumpollis) and dinoflagellate cysts. On the basis of comparison of the present assemblae with the known Indian Tertiary palynoassemblages, Miocene age has been assigned.

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Michael, Pamela E., Kathy M. Hixson, Jeffery S. Gleason, J. Christopher Haney, Yvan G. Satgé i Patrick G. R. Jodice. "Migration, breeding location, and seascape shape seabird assemblages in the northern Gulf of Mexico". PLOS ONE 18, nr 6 (23.06.2023): e0287316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287316.

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The Gulf of Mexico supports many seabird species, yet data gaps describing species composition and habitat use are prevalent. We used vessel-based observations from the Gulf of Mexico Marine Assessment Program for Protected Species to identify and characterize distinct seabird assemblages in the northern Gulf of Mexico (within the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone; nGoM). Using cluster analysis of 17 seabird species, we identified assemblages based on seabird relative density. Vessel-based surveys documented the location, species, and number of seabirds across the nGoM between 2017–2019. For each assemblage, we identified the (co-)dominant species, spatial distribution, and areas of greater relative density. We also assessed the relationship of the total relative density within each assemblage with environmental, spatial, and temporal covariates. Of the species assessed, 76% (n = 13) breed predominantly outside the nGoM basin. We identified four seabird assemblages. Two assemblages, one dominated by black tern and the other co-dominated by northern gannet/laughing gull, occurred on the continental shelf. An assemblage dominated by sooty tern occurred along the continental slope into pelagic waters. The fourth assemblage had no dominant species, was broadly distributed, and was composed of observations with low relative density (‘singles’ assemblage). Differentiation of assemblages was linked to migratory patterns, residency, and breeding location. The spatial distributions and relationships of the black tern and northern gannet/laughing gull assemblages with environmental covariates indicate associations with river outflows and ports. The sooty tern assemblage overlapped an area prone to mesoscale feature formation. The singles assemblage may reflect commuting and dispersive behaviors. These findings highlight the importance of seasonal migrations and dynamic features across the seascape, shaping seabird assemblages. Considering the potential far-ranging effects of interactions with seabirds in the nGoM, awareness of these unique patterns and potential links with other fauna could inform future monitoring, research, restoration, offshore energy, and aquaculture development in this highly industrialized sea.

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Frezza, Virgilio, i Letizia Di Bella. "Distribution of recent ostracods near the Ombrone River mouth (Northern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy)". Micropaleontology 61, nr 1-2 (2015): 101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.47894/mpal.61.1.08.

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Ostracod assemblages of 52 samples, collected between 15 and 50m water depth on the Southern Tuscany continental shelf (Northern Tyrrhenian Sea), were analysed. A total of 68 species and 39 genera was determined. Q-mode cluster analysis performed on the 22 most abundant species (>5% in at least one sample) led to identification of clusters (and subclusters) corresponding to four distinct ostracod assemblages. The first assemblage is characterised by the high dominance of Cytheridea neapolitana and is probably linked to an organic matter enrichment, in silty clay bottom; the other three assemblages are more diversified and are dominated, with lower percentages, by species typical of infralittoral and circalittoral environments: C. neapolitana, Cytheropteron ruggierii and Loxoconcha subrugosa assemblage (on silty clay sediments), Pontocythere turbida assemblage (silty sand and silty clay substrates) and Loxoconcha ovulata assemblage (sandy clay and vegetated bottoms). The distribution of ostracod assemblages shows a good correlation with the benthic foraminiferal assemblages founded in the investigated area. Nevertheless, the recognised low diversity can be related to an organic matter enrichment.

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Andrews, Julian E. "Jurassic clay mineral assemblages and their post-depositional alteration: upper Great Estuarine Group, Scotland". Geological Magazine 124, nr 3 (maj 1987): 261–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800016289.

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AbstractClay minerals from Middle Jurassic lagoonal mudrocks, siltstones and silty fine-grained sandstones of the upper Great Estuarine Group (Bathonian) are divided into four assemblages. Assemblage 1, the most common assemblage, is rich in mixed-layer illite–smectite with attendant illite and kaolinite. Assemblage 2 is dominated by smectitic clay. These assemblages are indicative of primary Jurassic deposition. Illite and kaolinite were probably derived from the weathering of older rocks and soils in the basin hinterland and were deposited in the lagoons as river-borne detritus. The majority of smectite and mixed-layer illite–smectite is interpreted as the argillization product of Jurassic volcanic dust, also deposited in the lagoons by rivers. Near major Tertiary igneous intrusions these depositional clay mineral assemblages have been altered. Assemblage 3 contains smectite-poor mixed-layer illite–smectite, whilst Assemblage 4 contains no smectitic clay at all. Destruction of smectite interlayers occurred at relatively shallow burial depths (< 2500 m) due to enhanced geothermal gradients and local convective hot-water circulation cells associated with the major Tertiary igneous intrusions.

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Mahon, Robin, Stephen K. Brown, Kees CT Zwanenburg, D. Bruce Atkinson, Kenneth R. Buja, Larry Claflin, Geoffrey D. Howell, Mark E. Monaco, Robert N. O'Boyle i Michael Sinclair. "Assemblages and biogeography of demersal fishes of the east coast of North America". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55, nr 7 (1.07.1998): 1704–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f98-065.

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This study describes and maps demersal fish assemblages for the east coast of North America from Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, to Cape Chidley, Labrador, evaluates evidence for interannual shifts in assemblage distribution, and examines the relationship of the assemblages to accepted biogeographical boundaries. Demersal trawl survey data collected from 1975 to 1994 were analyzed. Visual classification of distribution maps for the 108 most abundant demersal species revealed nine species groups, based on both geography and depth distribution. Eighteen assemblage groups were identified using principal components analysis (PCA) and mapped. Assemblage groups were also identified by cluster analysis. Fish assemblages identified by both methods were spatially coherent. Assemblage distribution patterns were not consistent with accepted biogeographical boundaries. The PCA explained only 56.3% of the variance in distribution of the species, indicating that the assemblages should be interpreted as indeterminate, potentially adaptable entities rather than as rigid ecological constructs. Assemblages were persistent in composition through time but appeared to shift in location. The apparent looseness of the assemblages and their persistence through time in spite of severe impacts from fishing suggest that single-species management approaches may not be entirely inappropriate for the major groundfish species in the study area.

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Beyens, L., D. Chardez, D. De Baere i C. Verbruggen. "The aquatic testate amoebae fauna of the Strømness Bay area, South Georgia". Antarctic Science 7, nr 1 (marzec 1995): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102095000022.

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Forty six taxa of testate amoebae were found in 45 samples of aquatic environments ranging from small pools to lakes. Four assemblages were distinguished which, to some degree, can be related ecologically to different pH ranges, and to differences in the habitat structure. The Nebela collaris assemblage occurs in acid pools mostly vegetated with mosses. The Centropyxis gibba gibbosa–Euglypha tuberculata–Difflugia globularis/globulus assemblage is found in the sediments of circumneutral to slightly alkaline lakes. Both of the other assemblages are mainly found in pools, which are more (for the Trinema assemblage) or less vegetated with mosses, in slightly acid (the Difflugia penardi–Centropyxis aerophila assemblage) or circumneutral to slightly alkaline (the Trinema lineare assemblage) conditions. A generic comparison with the Arctic fauna indicates differences, especially in the role of Difflugia as a dominant genus in aquatic habitats.

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Huazhang, Pan. "Namurian (Lower Carboniferous) gastropod assemblages from Ningxia, China". Journal of Paleontology 71, nr 4 (lipiec 1997): 599–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000040087.

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The Namurian Tsingyuan Formation from Ningxia, China, is divided into three members. The remarkably well-preserved gastropods from the Tsingyuan Formation belong to three assemblages: the Angyomphalus longicostatus—Glabrocingulum tongxinensis assemblage from the Lower Member; an assemblage of some siliceous Bellerophon sp., and Naticopsis sp. from the Middle Member; and the Euphemites hindi—Turbonitella semisulcatus assemblage from the Upper Member. Based on the associated ammonoids and conodonts, these assemblages are considered equivalent to the Eumorphoceras, Homoceras2-Reticuloceras1 and Reticuloceras2 zones of West Europe respectively.

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BREATHNACH, A. S., T. D. McHUGH i P. D. BUTCHER. "Prevalence and clinical correlations of genetic subtypes ofGiardia lambliain an urban setting". Epidemiology and Infection 138, nr 10 (10.02.2010): 1459–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268810000208.

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SUMMARYThe clinical significance of different genetic subtypes or assemblages ofGiardia lambliais uncertain. Cases of giardiasis in south-west London between 1999 and 2005 were studied, comparing molecular-typing results with clinical and epidemiological findings from routine surveillance. We identified 819 cases, of whom 389 returned surveillance questionnaires. A subset of 267 faecal samples was submitted for typing by sequencing of the triose phosphate isomerase (tpi) and ribosomal RNA genes, and/or a separate duplex PCR of thetpigene. Typing was successful in 199 (75%) samples by at least one of the molecular methods. Assemblage A accounted for 48 (24%) samples and Assemblage B for 145 (73%); six (3%) were mixed. Both assemblages had similar seasonality, age distribution and association with travel. Clinical features were available for 59 successfully typed cases: both assemblages caused similar illness, but Assemblage A was significantly more frequently associated with fever than Assemblage B.

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García-Rodríguez, Mariano, Pere Abelló, Angel Fernández i Antonio Esteban. "Demersal Assemblages on the Soft Bottoms off the Catalan-Levante Coast of the Spanish Mediterranean". Journal of Marine Biology 2011 (2011): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/976396.

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The analysis of 255 bottom trawl samples obtained in annual experimental surveys (2007–2010) along the western Mediterranean shows the existence of five well-defined demersal assemblages that follow a depth distribution: (a) upper shelf assemblages, including two assemblages differentiated by the type of substrate (sand-muddy and terrigenous muddy bottoms); (b) a middle shelf assemblage; (c) an upper slope assemblage; (d) a middle slope assemblage. Faunally, they are dominated by fish (37% of 452 total species), followed by crustaceans (22%), molluscs (17%), echinoderms (9%), and other invertebrates (15%). The assemblages identified showed major alterations on the shelf and shelf edge and less pronounced ones on the upper and middle slope. The average diversity values were more or less high, evidencing the high species richness in the western Mediterranean. The identified assemblages may facilitate future multispecies fisheries management based on an ecosystem approach.

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Zhang, Hui, Weiwei Xian i Shude Liu. "Autumn ichthyoplankton assemblage in the Yangtze Estuary shaped by environmental factors". PeerJ 4 (19.04.2016): e1922. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1922.

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This study investigated the response of the ichthyoplankton community to environmental changes in the Yangtze Estuary using canonical correspondence analysis. Ichthyoplankton community and environmental data were recorded during the autumns of 1998, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2007 and 2009. Among the ichthyoplankton, the dominant larval and juvenile families were the Engraulidae, Gobiidae and Salangidae, and the most common eggs were fromTrichiurus lepturus. The ichthyoplankton was identified via canonical correspondence analysis to three assemblages: an estuary assemblage dominated byChaeturichthys stigmatias, a coastal assemblage dominated byEngraulis japonicusandStolephorus commersonii, and an offshore assemblage dominated byTrichiurus lepturus. Regarding environmental factors in the Yangtze Estuary, suspended matter and surface seawater salinity were the main factors influencing the distributions of the different assemblages, while sediment from the Yangtze River during the rainy season and chlorophyllawere the principle drivers of the annual variances in the distribution of ichthyoplankton assemblages. Our aims in this study were to provide detailed characterizations of the ichthyoplankton assemblage in the autumns of seven years, examine the long-term dynamics of autumn ichthyoplankton assemblages, and evaluate the influence of environmental factors on the spatial distribution and inter-annual variations of ichthyoplankton assemblages associated with the Yangtze Estuary.

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Cook, Todd D., Mark V. H. Wilson i Alison M. Murray. "A middle Cenomanian euselachian assemblage from the Dunvegan Formation of northwestern Alberta". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 45, nr 10 (październik 2008): 1185–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e08-064.

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A euselachian assemblage was recovered from the middle Cenomanian Dunvegan Formation situated in northwestern Alberta. This assemblage is the most northern described within the Western Interior Seaway and provides an important insight into the euselachian faunal diversity of this little-known region of the seaway. Despite its high paleolatitude, the assemblage contains a number of elasmobranch taxa, including Hybodus , Squalicorax , Archaeolamna , Cretodus , Dallasiella , and Cretoxyrhina . The Dunvegan assemblage also contains the first known reports from Canada of the odontaspid shark Johnlongia parvidens , the cretoxyrhinid shark Protolamna carteri , and the ray Pseudohypolophus mcnultyi . This assemblage extends the northern geographical range of all taxa. Preliminary comparisons with other middle Cenomanian Western Interior Seaway assemblages show that the core composition of the Dunvegan assemblage is remarkably similar to that of other time-equivalent assemblages; however, conspicuously absent are species that are exceedingly common in other localities situated farther south. We suggest that absence of these taxa from the Dunvegan localities may be caused by a temperature intolerance associated with latitude and sea-water circulation patterns, or by an inability to inhabit environments that exhibit salinity variation.

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BÉNÉRÉ, E., T. VAN ASSCHE, P. COS i L. MAES. "Variation in growth and drug susceptibility amongGiardia duodenalisassemblages A, B and E in axenicin vitroculture and in the gerbil model". Parasitology 138, nr 11 (8.08.2011): 1354–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182011001223.

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SUMMARYThis study investigated the molecular and biological variation among differentGiardia duodenalisassemblages.In vitrogrowth and susceptibility to albendazole, fenbendazole, flubendazole, metronidazole, tinidazole and furazolidone was studied for laboratory (AI: WB, AII: G1 and B: GS/M-83-H7) and 6 field isolates of assemblage subtype AI, AII, B and EIII. Additionally, isolates of the 3 assemblages were evaluated in the gerbil upon 3-day oral treatment with albendazole (6 mg/kg), flubendazole (5 mg/kg) and metronidazole (20 mg/kg). Assemblage AIgrew significantly faster than all other assemblage subtypes, which showed comparable generation times. The assemblage A laboratory strains displayed alteredin vitrodrug susceptibilities compared to their matching AIor AIIfield isolate. No variation in drug susceptibility was observed between field isolates of assemblages A and E. However, assemblage A laboratory strains were more susceptible to the benzimidazoles and less susceptible to the nitro-imidazoles and furazolidone than the assemblage B laboratory strain. In the gerbil, no markedly different drug susceptibilities were observed. In conclusion, theGiardiaassemblage subtype can be associated with differences in growth characteristics rather than in drug susceptibility.

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Brinkman, Donald B., i John A. Tarduno. "A Late Cretaceous (TuronianConiacian) high-latitude turtle assemblage from the Canadian Arctic". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 42, nr 12 (1.12.2005): 2073–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e05-074.

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Three turtles are present in a TuronianConiacian age high-latitude vertebrate assemblage from Axel Heiberg Island: Borealochelys axelheibergensis gen. et sp. nov., a generically indeterminate eucryptodire, and a trionychid. The assemblage differs from most Late Cretaceous turtle assemblages from North America in that members of the Paracryptodira are absent. The absence of this group is interpreted as a result of latitudinal differentiation of turtle assemblages in North America during the Late Cretaceous. The level of diversity of turtles in the Axel Heiberg assemblage is comparable to that of mid-latitude assemblages associated with a mean annual paleotemperature of 14 °C, adding to the evidence for high mean annual temperatures at high latitudes during TuronianConiacian times.

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Robinson, Clifford L. K., i Jennifer Yakimishyn. "The persistence and stability of fish assemblages within eelgrass meadows (Zostera marina) on the Pacific coast of Canada". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 70, nr 5 (maj 2013): 775–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2012-0339.

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The persistence and stability of fish assemblages found in 34 eelgrass (Zostera marina) meadows along the British Columbia coast was examined from 2004 to 2011. Assemblage persistence (nontrending species composition) and assemblage stability (constancy in abundance over time) were assessed using a time-lag regression method that tests for temporal turnover within short time series. Overall, 85% of the fish assemblages persisted, and 80% of the assemblages exhibited stability in abundance over the 8-year study. Environmental conditions in 33 of 34 meadows did not change substantially over the 8 years, and the low interannual variability may have contributed to the high persistence and stability of the fish assemblages. The lack of temporal turnover in relatively undisturbed eelgrass fish assemblage properties is a critical element for effective monitoring of coastal ecosystem integrity.

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Minetti, Corrado, Kenneth Lamden, Caroline Durband, John Cheesbrough, Katherine Platt, Andre Charlett, Sarah J. O'Brien, Andrew Fox i Jonathan M. Wastling. "Case-Control Study of Risk Factors for Sporadic Giardiasis and Parasite Assemblages in North West England". Journal of Clinical Microbiology 53, nr 10 (8.07.2015): 3133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.00715-15.

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Giardia duodenalisis a major cause of infectious gastroenteritis worldwide, and it is diversified into eight genetic assemblages (A to H), which are distinguishable only by molecular typing. There is some evidence that the assemblages infecting humans (assemblages A and B) may have different transmission routes, but systematically acquired data, combining epidemiological and molecular findings, are required. We undertook a case-control study withGiardiagenotyping in North West England, to determine general and parasite assemblage-specific risk factors. For people without a history of foreign travel, swimming in swimming pools and changing diapers were the most important risk factors for the disease. People infected with assemblage B reported a greater number of symptoms and higher frequencies of vomiting, abdominal pain, swollen stomach, and loss of appetite, compared with people infected with assemblage A. More importantly, keeping a dog was associated only with assemblage A infections, suggesting the presence of a potential zoonotic reservoir for this assemblage. This is the first case-control study to combine epidemiological data withGiardiagenotyping, and it shows the importance of integrating these two levels of information for better understanding of the epidemiology of this pathogen.

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JAROS, DOROTA, WOJCIECH ZYGNER, SŁAWOMIR JAROS i HALINA WĘDRYCHOWICZ. "Detection of Giardia intestinalis Assemblages A, B and D in Domestic Cats from Warsaw, Poland". Polish Journal of Microbiology 60, nr 3 (2011): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2011-036.

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Giardia intestinalis is a complex species divided into 7 assemblages (A - G). Two of them (A and B) are infective for both humans and animals. In cats four assemblages can occur: A, B, D, and F Assemblages A and B infect either cats, dogs and humans, assemblage D infects cats and dogs and assemblage F only cats. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and genotypes of G. intestinalis in cats from Warsaw. From November 2006 to March 2007 a hundred sixty samples of stool were collected and examined by light microscopy. G. intestinalis cysts were detected in 3.75% of samples. DNA extracted from positive samples was used as template for PCR-RFLP using Giardia specific primers and the amplicons were sequenced. A comparison of the obtained DNA sequences with the Giardia sequences in the GeneBank database revealed assemblage A in 1.25% of the investigated cats, assemblage B in 1.25% and D in 1.25%.

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Golovneva, L. B., i S. V. Shczepetov. "The Envymaam floristic assemblage from the Upper Cretaceous deposits of the Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanogenic belt". Palaeobotany 5 (2014): 42–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/palaeobotany/2014.5.42.

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The Envymaam floristic assemblage occurs from basaltic rocks of the Envymaam Formation in the Envymaam River basin, Central Chukotka segment of the Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanogenic belt. This assemblage consists of 18 taxa: Hepaticites sp., Coniopteris tschuktschorum (Krysht.) Samyl., Phoenicopsis ex gr. angustifolia Heer, Cupressinocladus enmyvaamensis Golovn., sp. nov., Araliaephyllum philippoviae Golovn., sp. nov. Among them, two species are fi rstly described. The Envymaam assemblage is characterized by presence of the Early Cretaceous relicts (Phoenicopsis), by rarity of angiosperms and by small sizes of their leaves. Age of the Envymaam floristic assemblage is determined as the late Campanian on the basis of systematic composition, palynological, paleomagnetic and isotopic data. Direct continuity between the Envymaam and the Ust’-Emuneret floristic assemblages from the subjacent Emuneret Formation it isn’t observed that is caused probably by the poor composition of the Envymaam floristic assemblage. Palynological assemblages from the Envymaam, Ust’-Emuneret, Ola and Arkagala Formations are very similar.

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Singh, H. P., M. R. Rao i R. K. Saxena. "Palynology of the Barail (Oligocene) and Surma (Lower Miocene) sediments exposed along Sonapur-Badarpur Road Section, Jaintia Hills (Meghalaya) and Cachar (Assam). Part-VII. Discussion". Journal of Palaeosciences 35, nr (1-3) (31.12.1986): 331–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.1986.1547.

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The palynofloral assemblages from the Barail (Oligocene) and Surma (Lower Miocene) sediments exposed along Sonapur-Badarpur Road Section, Meghalaya and Assam have been discussed and interpreted. The total assemblage consists of 68 genera and 113 species. Qualitative analysis of the assemblage reveals that Lycopodiaceae, Polypodiaceae, Matoniaceae, Hymenophyllaceae, Ophioglossaceae, Schizaeaceae, Cyatheaceae, Osmundaceae, Gleicheniaceae, Parkeriaceae, Podocarpaceae, Pinaceae, Palmae, Potamogetonaceae, Araceae, Oleaceae, Bombacaceae, Labiatae, Mimosaceae and Malvaceae are represented in the assemblage. The present day distribution of these families indicates the prevalence of mainly tropical-subtropical climate during the deposition of Barail-Surma sediments. The environment of deposition has been interpreted as a coastal marine. Quantitatively, the pteridophytic spores constitute a major part (62%) of the assemblage followed by gymnospermous pollen grains (23%), angiospermous pollen grains (5.5%), dinoflagellate cysts (5%) and fungal remains (4.5%). A comparison of this assemblage with similar Oligocene-Lower Miocene assemblages of India has been made. The age of the sediments has also been discussed.

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Srivastava, S. C., i Neerja Jha. "Palynology of Kamthi Formation in Godavari Graben". Journal of Palaeosciences 36 (31.12.1987): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.1987.1568.

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Five palynological assemblages have been recognized in the Kamthi Formation of Godavari Graben. The assemblages are characterized by overall abundance of striate disaccate pollen. The associated palynofossils, however, distinguish the palynoassemblages at various levels of the formation. The Lower Member containing coal seams shows unequivocal resemblance with the Raniganj palynoflora of Damodar Valley and Son Mahanadi coalfields District change in lithology at the beginning of the Middle member is marked by the appearance of Parasaccites rich assemblage simulating a cooling phase akin to that observed during the Talchir period. The younger sediments of the Middle Member contain Corisaccites Guttulapollenites Assemblage and Densipollenites Assemblage in order of succession representing the uppermost Permian palynoflora in Godavari Graben. The youngest assemblage also indicates close proximity to the Permian Triassic, thus making the Kamthi Formation a time transgressive unit.

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Gries, Laurie E. "Writing to Assemble Publics: Making Writing Activate, Making Writing Matter". College Composition & Communication 70, nr 3 (1.02.2019): 327–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.58680/ccc201929986.

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In this article, I weave new materialist theories about assemblage, community, agency, and rhetorical responsibility to argue for pedagogies that foreground writing to assemble publics and offer direct rhetorical training in campaign organizing. In describing three student activist campaigns, I demonstrate how this pedagogy challenges students to create socio-material assemblages that entice bodies into collective action—a challenge that demands tactile agility, creative activism, and often metanoic revision.

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Saxena, R. K., i A. P. Bhattacharya. "Palynology of the Siwalik sediments of Kala Amb-Nahan area in Sirmaur District, Himachal Pradesh". Journal of Palaeosciences 35, nr (1-3) (31.12.1986): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.1986.1528.

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The palynoflora recovered from the Lower Siwalik (Nahan) and Upper Siwalik sediments exposed along the road sections in Kala Amb-Nahan area in Sirmaur District consists of 18 genera and 25 species. Of these, two species are new. The diagnoses of two palynogenera, viz., Inaperturopollenites and Inapertisporites, have been emended. One new combination has also been proposed. The Lower Siwalik (Nahan) palynoflora is represented by 13 genera and 17 species of fungal remains (13%), pteridophytic spores of Cyatheaceae and Polypodiaceae (5%), gymnospermous pollen of Pinaceae (73.5%), and angiospermous pollen of Liliaceae and Myricaceae (8.5%). On the other hand, the Upper Siwalik assemblage is represented by 11 genera and 15 species of fungal remains (14%), gymnospermous pollen of Pinaceae (67%), and angiospermous pollen of Potamogetonaceae, Palmae, Poaceae and Magnoliaceae (19%). A comparison of these Lower and Upper Siwalik assemblages with the known assemblages from the corresponding horizons has been made and it has been observed that the Lower Siwalik assemblage comes closest to that described from the Bhakra-Nangal Section in Himachal Pradesh, whereas the Upper Siwalik assemblage is comparable to the Pinjor assemblage near Chandigarh and Assemblage-1 of Hoshiarpur-Una Road Section assemblage.

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Hewson, Ian, Danielle M. Winget, Kurt E. Williamson, Jed A. Fuhrman i K. Eric Wommack. "Viral and bacterial assemblage covariance in oligotrophic waters of the West Florida Shelf (Gulf of Mexico)". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 86, nr 3 (10.04.2006): 591–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315406013506.

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Viruses are hypothesized to cause enhanced diversity in bacterial communities by regulating the outcome of intertaxon competition. However, concomitant documentation of viral and bacterial assemblage composition in oligotrophic waters are rare, particularly in situ over time, and there is almost no information on the temporal variability in virioplankton assemblage composition in oligotrophic water masses. Assemblage composition of viruses (via pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, PFGE) and bacteria (via automated rRNA intergenic spacer analysis, ARISA) was compared during surface lagrangian drifter deployments in the oligotrophic Gulf of Mexico during summer 2001, 2002, and 2003. In vertical profile, viruses and bacteria both had maximum abundances in surface waters, which decreased with depth; however, the richness of their assemblages was not significantly different between depths, suggesting independence of biomass and diversity. Viral assemblages changed rapidly (0.17–0.32 Jaccard index d−1), which was similar to the rate of change in bacterial assemblages reported in surface waters. Patterns of viral and bacterial assemblage composition were significantly related (P<0.001, r=0.58 between node ranks), and both assemblages clustered primarily by year and then by depth. These cultivation-independent observations demonstrate relationships between viral and bacterial assemblages, which are dynamic in patches of open ocean water. Even at the relatively low phylogenetic resolution of the ARISA and PFGE methods, the results support the idea that viruses may influence the species composition of host assemblages.

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Lee, Sangmin, Duck K. Choi i G. R. Shi. "Pennsylvanian brachiopods from the Geumcheon-Jangseong Formation, Pyeongan Supergroup, Taebaeksan Basin, Korea". Journal of Paleontology 84, nr 3 (maj 2010): 417–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/09-105.1.

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We provide the first detailed systematic taxonomy and paleoecological investigation of late Paleozoic brachiopod faunas from Korea. Specifically, we focus on the brachiopods from the Geumcheon-Jangseong Formation, the lower part of the Pyeongan Supergroup in the Taebaeksan Basin. The formation yields a variety of marine invertebrate fossils, including brachiopods, molluscs, echinoderms, corals, fusulinids, and conodonts. Diverse brachiopods are described from six siliciclastic horizons of the formation at three localities, including 23 species belonging to 20 genera with two new species: Rhipidomella parva n. sp. and Stenoscisma wooi n. sp. Three brachiopod assemblages of the late Moscovian (Pennsylvanian) age are recognized based on their species compositions and stratigraphic distributions, namely the Choristites, Rhipidomella, and Hustedia assemblages. The brachiopod faunal composition varies within each assemblage as well as between the Assemblages, most likely reflecting local paleoenvironmental and hence paleoecological differences. The Choristites Assemblage includes relatively large brachiopods represented by Derbyia, Choristites, and Stenoscisma and may have inhabited open marine to partly restricted marine environments, whereas the Rhipidomella and Hustedia Assemblages consist of a small number of small-sized brachiopods living in lagoonal environments. The Choristites Assemblage shows a close affinity with Moscovian brachiopod assemblages in the eastern Paleo-Tethys regions, especially the Brachythyrina lata-Choristites yanghukouensis-Echinoconchus elegans Assemblage of North China, whereas the Rhipidomella and Hustedia assemblages both exhibit strong endemism.

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Mohammad Rahimi, Hanieh, Ehsan Javanmard, Ali Taghipour, Ali Haghighi i Hamed Mirjalali. "Multigene typing of Giardia Duodenalis isolated from tuberculosis and non-tuberculosis subjects". PLOS ONE 18, nr 3 (23.03.2023): e0283515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283515.

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Giardia duodenalis is a cryptic protozoan, which has eight assemblages (A-H). Assemblages A and B are the main genotypes reported from humans with probable anthroponotic and zoonotic transmission. The current study aimed to characterize G. duodenalis assemblages in tuberculosis (TB) patients and healthy subjects using multilocus genotyping (MLG). Thirty Giardia-positive stool samples, which were obtained from TB patients and healthy subjects were included in the study. After total DNA extraction, three β-giardin (bg), triosephosphate isomerase (tpi), glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) genes were amplified and sequenced. Obtained sequences were compared to the GenBank database to characterize assemblages. Phylogenetic analysis using Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Tamura 3-parameter was performed for each gene. From 30 Giardia-positive subjects, 17 (57%) and 13 (43%) were from healthy and TB-infected subjects, respectively. There was no significant co-existence of Giardia and tuberculosis (P-value = 0.051). In addition, 14 (46.7%) and 16 (53.3%) of Giardia isolates were from asymptomatic and symptomatic subjects, respectively. PCR amplification was successful in 25 single samples (83.3%) consisted of 20 for tpi, 15 for bg, and 13 for gdh genes. Accordingly, 13/25 (52%) and 8/25 (32%) belonged to assemblage A and assemblages B, respectively, whereas 4/25 (16%) were either assemblage A or B with different genes at the same time. Significant correlation between assemblages and TB, age, and symptoms was not seen. The phylogenetic analyses represented no separation based on TB and gastrointestinal symptoms. Assemblage A was the predominant genotype in samples. The high frequency of assemblage AII indicated importance of anthroponotic transmission of Giardia in both healthy and TB patients. In addition, considering the exclusive reports of sub-assemblage AIII in wild ruminants, the presence of AIII in the current study have to be carefully interpreted. The inconsistency between the assemblage results of either bg or gdh loci with tpi gene signifies the insufficiency of single gene analysis and the necessity for MLG in molecular epidemiology of G. duodenalis.

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Turner, John R., Rose Baker i Nigel Thurlow. "Creativity and Innovative Processes: Assemblages and Lines of Flight". Systems 10, nr 5 (26.09.2022): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems10050168.

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The current research study presented assemblages theory and the theory of affordances to identify the elements that make up the processes of creativity, innovative, and creativity and innovation. Assemblages involve heterogeneous elements that are associated with and interact with external components. Assemblages include elements that can be either independent or as part of an assemblage. The assemblage comprises elements that contribute to the assemblage, but not all elements are active simultaneously. Each element’s activation and intensity level varies based on context, environment, and constraints. This activation level is represented by lines of flight that aid in showing movement across the elements. Affordances identify agent-to-environment relationships that promote action (abilities and effectivities). The current article identified that creativity affords innovation and innovation affords creativity, interconnecting these two processes as a holistic and composite process from the perspective of affordances theory. The current article provides assemblage maps showing the elements related to creativity, innovation, and creativity and innovation. These assemblage maps highlight virtual and dynamic flight lines that represent potentially active components with varying intensity and direction. Mapping these lines of flight along with the elements for a particular construct (e.g., creativity and innovation) provides a tool for managers and practitioners to identify potentialities for future predictions better.

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Kinkaid, Eden. "Can assemblage think difference? A feminist critique of assemblage geographies". Progress in Human Geography 44, nr 3 (12.03.2019): 457–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309132519836162.

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Assemblage thinking has been increasingly engaged by geographers to theoretically and empirically challenge philosophical categories and spatial imaginaries that have long been dominant in the field. Assemblage thinking presents exciting theoretical and methodological opportunities for geographers, yet its shortcomings are becoming increasingly clear. This article examines one such shortcoming: assemblage geographies’ lack of engagement with feminist thought. I approach assemblage’s uses in geography – assemblage as descriptor, concept, and ethos – as an entry point for a feminist critique, examining the potential of assemblage thinking to critically address issues of social difference, power, and the maintenance of inequality.

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39

Fansong, Meng. "Middle Triassic lycopsid flora of South China and its palaeoecological significance". Journal of Palaeosciences 45 (31.12.1996): 334–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.1996.1253.

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In recent years, a flora characterized by Lycopsida has been found from the Middle Triassic Badong Formation in Yangtze Gorge area, China, and may be subdivided into two plant assemblages, i.e., Anisian, Pleuromeia, marginulata-Annalepis sangzhiensis assemblage and Ladinian Annalepislatiloba-Scytophyllum assemblage. Of them, the former assemblage, containing 18 genera and 30 species, is one of the typical floras of the tidal flat in the world during Anisian. In addition, the character and ecology of the Anisian plant assemblage are emphatically discussed in this paper.

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40

Siddon, Elizabeth C., Janet T. Duffy-Anderson, Kathryn L. Mier, Morgan S. Busby i Lisa B. Eisner. "Seasonal, interannual, and spatial patterns of community composition over the eastern Bering Sea shelf in cold years. Part II: ichthyoplankton and juvenile fish". ICES Journal of Marine Science 75, nr 1 (13.08.2017): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsx123.

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Abstract Climate-mediated oceanographic changes have led to protracted periods of above- or below-average water temperatures over the eastern Bering Sea shelf since the early 2000s. Ecosystem components, from phytoplankton to marine birds, have shown dichotomous responses to these temperature stanzas. Understanding within-stanza responses is fundamental to modelling efforts that project ecosystem responses under future climate scenarios. This study describes fish communities associated with Walleye Pollock during the age-0 period and also examines within-stanza homogeneity of assemblages. Spatial patterns of assemblage structure are compared with pre-defined ecoregions and environmental indices are assessed to determine potential mechanisms that delineate species assemblages. Walleye Pollock, rockfishes, Sand Lance, and Northern Rock Sole contributed to spring assemblages in every year. Assemblages were delineated by across-shelf gradients in 2008 and 2010 while 2009 assemblages showed less spatial structure. In summer, the diversity of fish assemblages increased across years but early-stage juvenile Walleye Pollock represented a small portion of the total abundance in 2009. Environmental gradients were related to fish assemblages, but patterns were along-shelf in 2008 and across-shelf in 2010. In fall, late-stage juvenile Walleye Pollock dominated the catch in 2008, but did not typify any assemblage in 2009. Overall, patterns of assemblage structure were not consistent with pre-defined ecoregions. Assemblage structure in 2009 was unique and indicates that within-stanza variability may complicate modelling projections based on ecosystem-level responses to climate changes.

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LAISHRAM, S., A. KANNAN, P. RAJENDRAN, G. KANG i S. S. R. AJJAMPUR. "Mixed Giardia duodenalis assemblage infections in children and adults in South India". Epidemiology and Infection 140, nr 11 (6.01.2012): 2023–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268811002767.

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SUMMARYThe assemblages of Giardia duodenalis in 25 children with and 25 children without diarrhoea and 24 adults with gastrointestinal symptoms in South India were determined. Polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) targeting the glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh), β-giardin and triosephosphate isomerase (tpi) genes was used. The tpi PCR was the most sensitive and detected G. duodenalis in all 74 microscopy-positive samples, while gdh and β-giardin PCR were positive in 62·2% and 56·8% of the samples. Assemblage B was predominant in both children and adults (82·4%) followed by assemblage AII (9·4%); assemblage AI was not detected. Infections with both assemblages A and B (detected by tpi PCR–RFLP) were seen exclusively in children and the mixed assemblage BIII and BIV (detected by gdh PCR–RFLP) was more common in children than adults (P=0·058).

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Kumar, Gopendra, D. K. Bhatt i B. K. Raina. "Skeletal microfauna of Meishucunian and Qiongzhusian (Precambrian–Cambrian boundary) age from the Ganga Valley, Lesser Himalaya, India". Geological Magazine 124, nr 2 (marzec 1987): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800015995.

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AbstractThe earliest skeletal microfauna of Precambrian-Cambrian age recovered from the ‘Lower Tal’ sequence (Chert-Phosphorite to Calcareous members) of the Tal Formation, exposed in the Ganga Valley, Lesser Himalaya, Uttar Pradesh, India, has been grouped into three assemblages. In ascending order these are: assemblage I, containing Anabarites trisulcatus Missarzhevsky, Tiksitheca korobovi (Miss.). Circotheca sp., Turcutheca sp., Spirellus columnorus Jiang and Olivooides alveus Qian; assemblage II, yielding Allonia erromenosa Jiang, A. sp. cf. A. erromenosa Jiang, Dimidia simpleca Jiang, D. sp. cf. D. simpleca Jiang and Hyolithellus sp.; and assemblage III, comprising Pelagiella lorenzi Kobayashi, Auriculatespira madianensis Zhou & Xiao and A. andunca He & Pei. The assemblages I and II are correlatable to the Meishucunian Zone I and Zone III respectively, and the assemblage III to the Qiongzhusian Stage of China. Thus the ‘Lower Tal’ sequence is assigned to Precambrian–Cambrian age.

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El Asri, Fatima, Hakima Zidane, Ahmed Errhif, Mohamed-Naoufal Tamsouri, Mohamed Maanan, Mohamed Malouli Idrissi i Daniel Martin. "Polychaete diversity and assemblage structure in the Oualidia Lagoon, Moroccan Atlantic coast". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 98, nr 6 (17.04.2017): 1337–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315417000388.

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The polychaete assemblages inhabiting the coastal waters of the Oualidia lagoon were studied during winter 2013 and summer 2013. Taxonomic composition and diversity were determined at 43 sample sites. Among the 13 species of polychaetes recorded, 10 were newly reported for Oualidia lagoon. Hediste diversicolor and Capitella sp. were the most abundant taxa in both seasons. Temperature and salinity were higher, and chl-a and OM were lower, in summer than in winter. The structure of the polychaete assemblages was characterized by forming three main clusters, either based on sampling stations or on polychaete species. These clusters were organized according to a downstream gradient, with the stations having fine sediments and a H. diversicolor assemblage in the inner lagoon being replaced by stations with medium grain-sized sediment and a Capitella sp. assemblage in the mid-lagoon, which were in turn replaced by stations having sandy sediments and assemblages dominated by Glycera alba (winter) and P. africana (summer) in the areas closer to the lagoon inlets. The shift was, in fact, from a classical, brackish, lacunar assemblage to two different, temporal aspects of a marine assemblage (close to the inlets), with a transition assemblage in between. This corresponded with a typically paralic spatial structure whose main descriptors responded to a confinement gradient. Despite the absence of a river, the organization of the polychaete assemblages closely resembled that of an estuarine system, with the tidal regime playing a major driving role.

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Hamilakis, Yannis. "Sensorial Assemblages: Affect, Memory and Temporality in Assemblage Thinking". Cambridge Archaeological Journal 27, nr 1 (11.01.2017): 169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774316000676.

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Archaeologists are familiar with the concept of assemblage, but in more recent years they have started problematizing it in interesting and innovative ways, beyond its common connotations of aggregation. Sociologists such as Manuel DeLanda and political philosophers such as Jane Bennett have been key influences in this move. These authors had adapted and modified the assemblage thinking of Deleuze and Guattari. In this article, an assemblage of sorts itself, I propose that we need to return to that original Deleuzian body of thinking and explore its richness further. Assemblages, temporary and deliberate heterogeneous arrangements of material and immaterial elements, are about the relationship of in-betweenness. I further suggest that sensoriality and affectivity, memory and multi-temporality are key features of assemblage thinking, and that assemblages also imply certain political effects. The omission of these features in the archaeological treatments of the concept may lead to mechanistic reincarnations of systems thinking, thus depriving the concept of its potential. Finally, I explore these ideas by considering communal eating and feasting events as powerful sensorial assemblages.

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Conneller, Chantal. "Commentary: Materializing Assemblages". Cambridge Archaeological Journal 27, nr 1 (11.01.2017): 183–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774316000652.

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This contribution contrasts ‘Assemblage theory’ with more traditional archaeological understandings of the term ‘assemblage’. It is argued that the flat ontology of assemblage theory is productive, particularly in relation to scale, enabling archaeologists to describe their own materials more precisely. However, more traditional ‘assemblages’, perhaps as a result of the more restrictive view they provide, should not be neglected, as they generate particularly archaeological perspectives and effects.

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Miller, Joshua H., Anna K. Behrensmeyer, Andrew Du, S. Kathleen Lyons, David Patterson, Anikó Tóth, Amelia Villaseñor, Erustus Kanga i Denné Reed. "Ecological fidelity of functional traits based on species presence-absence in a modern mammalian bone assemblage (Amboseli, Kenya)". Paleobiology 40, nr 4 (2014): 560–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/13062.

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Comparisons between modern death assemblages and their source communities have demonstrated fidelity to species diversity across a variety of environments and taxonomic groups. However, differential species preservation and collection (including body-size bias) in both modern and fossil death assemblages may still skew the representation of other important ecological characteristics. Here, we move beyond live-dead taxonomic fidelity and focus on the recovery of functional ecology (how species interact with their ecosystem) at the community level for a diverse non-volant mammal community (87 species; Amboseli, Kenya). We use published literature to characterize species, using four functional traits and their associated categorical attributes (i) dietary mode (11 attributes; e.g., browser, grazer), (ii) preferred feeding habitat (16 attributes; e.g., grassland, woodland), (iii) preferred sheltering habitat (17 attributes; e.g., grassland, underground cavity), and (iv) activity time (7 attributes; e.g., diurnal, nocturnal, nocturnally dominated crepuscular). For each functional ecological trait we compare the death assemblage's recovered richness and abundance structure of constituent functional attributes with those of the source community, using Jaccard similarity, Spearman's rho, and the Probability of Interspecific Encounter (evenness). We use Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate whether these empirical comparisons are significantly different from expectations calculated from randomized sampling of species from the source community. Results indicate that although the Amboseli death assemblage is significantly overrepresented by large-bodied species relative to the Amboseli source community, it captures many functional dimensions of the ecosystem within expectations of a randomized collection of species. Additional resampling simulations and logistic regressions further illustrate that the size bias inherent to the Amboseli death assemblage is not a major driver of deviations between the functional ecological properties of the death assemblage and its source community. Finally, the Amboseli death assemblage also enhances our understanding of the mammal community by adding nine species and two functional attributes previously unknown from the ecosystem.

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Hosfield, Robert, i Jennifer Chambers. "Genuine Diversity? The Broom Biface Assemblage". Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 75 (2009): 65–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x0000030x.

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The Broom Lower Palaeolithic locality, on the river Axe at the Devon/Dorset border in south-western Britain, yielded an assemblage of at least 1800 Acheulean artefacts between the 1870s and 1940s through gravel quarrying and antiquarian collection. The bifacial material, predominantly produced in chert but including a small flint component, is characterised by considerable typological diversity and a distinctive asymmetrical element. While aspects of the assemblage have been reported before, this paper presents new work on the artefacts of the C.E. Bean collection and the sample from Exeter Museum. The Bean archive indicates that the artefact patterning is not due to fluvial mixing of separate, typologically-discrete, assemblages. Analysis of the artefacts suggests that hominin knapping strategies were not notably constrained by variations in raw material granular quality, but that the typological variability strongly reflects blank form and shape. However, while the influences of blank form and resharpening, including the use of tranchet flaking, partially explain the assemblage's asymmetrical component, a significant proportion of those artefacts cannot be understood in these terms. The existence of local, short-lived manufacturing traditions, perhaps reflecting the idiosyncratic approaches of individual knappers, is argued to best explain the distinctive asymmetrical element of the Broom assemblage. This interpretation is further supported by (i) the geoarchaeological model of assemblage formation, which assigns the majority of the artefacts to a single phase of occupation, and (ii) the OSL ages of the Broom fluvial deposits (predominantly MIS-9 and 8) and the atypical character of the assemblage in relation to other British late Lower Palaeolithic material, which oppose the notion of longer-lived, locally, or regionally-maintained, traditions.

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Miranda, L. E., J. M. Bies i D. A. Hann. "Land use structures fish assemblages in reservoirs of the Tennessee River". Marine and Freshwater Research 66, nr 6 (2015): 526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf14188.

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Inputs of nutrients, sediments and detritus from catchments can promote selected components of reservoir fish assemblages, while hindering others. However, investigations linking these catchment subsidies to fish assemblages have generally focussed on one or a handful of species. Considering this paucity of community-level awareness, we sought to explore the association between land use and fish assemblage composition in reservoirs. To this end, we compared fish assemblages in reservoirs of two sub-basins of the Tennessee River representing differing intensities of agricultural development, and hypothesised that fish assemblage structure indicated by species percentage composition would differ among reservoirs in the two sub-basins. Using multivariate statistical analysis, we documented inter-basin differences in land use, reservoir productivity and fish assemblages, but no differences in reservoir morphometry or water regime. Basins were separated along a gradient of forested and non-forested catchment land cover, which was directly related to total nitrogen, total phosphorous and chlorophyll-a concentrations. Considering the extensive body of knowledge linking land use to aquatic systems, it is reasonable to postulate a hierarchical model in which productivity has direct links to terrestrial inputs, and fish assemblages have direct links to both land use and productivity. We observed a shift from an invertivore-based fish assemblage in forested catchments to a detritivore-based fish assemblage in agricultural catchments that may be a widespread pattern among reservoirs and other aquatic ecosystems.

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Chen, Zhaomin, Qingqiang Ren, Chunlong Liu i Weiwei Xian. "Seasonal and Spatial Variations in Fish Assemblage in the Yangtze Estuary and Adjacent Waters and Their Relationship with Environmental Factors". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, nr 11 (7.11.2022): 1679. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10111679.

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In this work, we identified the seasonal and spatial variations in fish assemblages and their relation to environmental variables in the Yangtze Estuary and adjacent waters. A total of 61 fish species in 32 families were identified over four seasons; of these, 12 species were dominant and Harpadon nehereus was the most dominant species. Fish varied in abundance, biomass, and species composition in different seasons; both biomass and abundance were highest in autumn and lowest in spring. Fish can be spatially divided into high-salinity assemblages and low-salinity assemblages. The spatial variation in fish assemblages was caused by the selectivity and adaptability of species for the environmental conditions of the estuary and the seasonal variation in fish assemblage structure likely resulted from migrations of dominant taxa associated with fish spawning and foraging behavior as well as the environment. The results of CCA analysis showed that temperature, depth, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and chlorophyll were the major factors affecting the fish assemblage differences throughout the seasons. Of these, temperature drove the seasonal variation in assemblage structure, while salinity significantly affected the spatial distribution of assemblages. This paper revealed the relationship between the seasonal and spatial distribution patterns of the fish assemblage and environmental factors and the results could provide a scientific basis for the management and sustainable utilization of fishery resources in the Yangtze Estuary and adjacent waters.

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Glasgow, DM, MJM Reichert i J. Quattro. "Effects of environmental factors on reef fish assemblage structure in the southeastern US Atlantic". Marine Ecology Progress Series 671 (5.08.2021): 147–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13764.

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Environmental variation influences fish assemblage structure; however, fish assemblage composition shifts due to natural or anthropogenic stressors have been observed in marine ecosystems worldwide, altering ecosystem structure and function, and fisheries sustainability. Previous research in waters off North and South Carolina (USA) was limited in scope and repeatability or did not quantify fish assemblages at a scale suitable for monitoring composition shifts. Concurrent chevron traps, underwater video, and environmental data from an annual fishery-independent survey were used to characterize the environment and enumerate demersal reef fishes caught in the traps, and priority fish species observed in video in depths ~15-110 m. Multivariate analyses detected assemblage patterns and environmental influences. An 8-variable (distance to shelf edge, depth, consolidated substrate size, latitude, percent biotic cover, temperature, undercut height, biotic class) model predicted assemblages, while 4 variables explained the greatest variation (distance to shelf edge [19%], depth [15%], consolidated substrate vertical relief [4%], size [4%]). The largest number of discriminator species occurred in mid- to outer shelf areas with greater substrate complexity (i.e. increasing substrate size and relief). Assemblages dominated by Centropristis striata at depths (~15-40 m) with little substrate complexity transitioned towards assemblages dominated by Pagrus pagrus, higher prevalence of larger-bodied predators, and invasive Pterois spp. at depths (~40-110 m) with greater substrate complexity. Understanding baseline assemblage characteristics and natural drivers of variability in fish assemblage structure is vital to conservation and management efforts that monitor changes in population abundance, the presence/absence of key species, and stressor-induced modifications of local assemblages, which are all measures of ecological health that underpin comprehensive assessments and management.

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