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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "ASME SFA 5.17"
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Starling, Cícero Murta Diniz, Paulo José Modenesi i Tadeu Messias Donizete Borba. "Comparação do desempenho operacional e das características do cordão na soldagem com diferentes arames tubulares". Soldagem & Inspeção 14, nr 1 (marzec 2009): 10–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-92242009000100003.
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Este trabalho objetivou o estudo comparativo das características do cordão produzido por arames tubulares nacionais dos tipos rutílico (ASME SFA-5.20: E71T-1/E71T-9/E71T-9M), básico (ASME SFA-5.20: E71T-5/E71T-5M) e "metal cored" (ASME SFA-5.18: E70C3M) com 1,2 mm, destinados à soldagem de aços estruturais de baixo e médio teor de carbono. Realizaram-se testes de soldagem, na posição plana, sobre chapas grossas (espessura de 12 mm) de aço carbono comum de baixo carbono utilizando-se uma fonte operando no modo "tensão constante" e com monitoração dos sinais de corrente e tensão do arco e velocidade de alimentação (fusão) do arame. Variaram-se, na soldagem com cada tipo de arame tubular, a composição do gás de proteção (75%Ar-25%CO2 e 100%CO2) e a velocidade de alimentação do arame (7 e 9 m/min). Os demais parâmetros foram mantidos fixos, incluindo-se a polaridade do eletrodo (CC+) e os comprimentos energizado do eletrodo (16 mm) e do arco (3,5 mm). Para os diferentes arames tubulares, avaliaram-se comparativamente as principais características do cordão, incluindo a sua geometria (penetração, reforço, largura, área fundida, área depositada e diluição), presença de descontinuidades, microestrutura e dureza. Levantaram-se as condições operacionais associadas a um cordão com características adequadas à soldagem de chapas grossas de aços estruturais.
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Starling, Cícero Murta Diniz, Paulo José Modenesi i Tadeu Messias Donizete Borba. "Comparação do desempenho operacional e das características do cordão na soldagem com diferentes arames tubulares em polaridade negativa". Soldagem & Inspeção 16, nr 4 (grudzień 2011): 350–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-92242011000400006.
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Este trabalho objetivou o estudo comparativo das características do cordão produzido por arames tubulares nacionais dos tipos rutílico (ASME SFA-5.20: E71T-1/E71T-9/E71T-9M), básico (ASME SFA-5.20: E71T-5/E71T-5M) e "metal cored" (ASME SFA-5.18: E70C-3M) com 1,2 mm, destinados à soldagem de aços estruturais de baixo e médio teor de carbono. Realizaram-se testes de soldagem com o eletrodo na polaridade negativa (CC-), na posição plana, sobre chapas grossas (espessura de 12 mm) de aço carbono comum de baixo carbono utilizando-se uma fonte operando no modo "tensão constante" e com monitoração dos sinais de corrente e tensão do arco e velocidade de alimentação (fusão) do arame. Variaram-se, na soldagem com cada tipo de arame tubular, a composição do gás de proteção (75%Ar-25%CO2 e 100%CO2) e a velocidade de alimentação do arame (7 e 9 m/min). Os demais parâmetros foram mantidos fixos, incluindo-se, além da polaridade negativa do eletrodo, os comprimentos energizado do eletrodo (16 mm) e do arco (3,5 mm). Para os diferentes arames tubulares, avaliaram-se comparativamente as principais características do cordão, incluindo a sua geometria (penetração, reforço, largura, área fundida, área depositada e diluição), presença de descontinuidades, microestrutura e dureza. Levantaram-se as condições operacionais associadas a um cordão com características adequadas à soldagem de chapas grossas de aços estruturais com a polaridade do eletrodo negativa.
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Joyce, Triona, Alison J. Wallace, Sinead N. McCarthy i Michael J. Gibney. "Intakes of total fat, saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in Irish children, teenagers and adults". Public Health Nutrition 12, nr 2 (luty 2009): 156–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980008002772.
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AbstractRecommendations limiting the intake of total fat, SFA, MUFA and PUFA have been established in several countries with the aim of reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as CVD. Studies have shown that intakes of total fat and SFA are above desired recommended intake levels across a wide range of age and sex groups. In addition, intakes of PUFA and MUFA are often reported to be less than the desired recommended intake levels. The aims of the present paper are to provide the first data on estimates of current intakes and main food sources of SFA, MUFA and PUFA in Irish children (aged 5–12 years), teenagers (aged 13–17 years) and adults (aged 18–64 years) and to analyse compliance with current dietary recommendations. Data for this analysis were based on the North/South Ireland Food Consumption Survey (n1379, 18–64 years), the National Children’s Food Survey (n594, 5–12 years) and the National Teen Food Survey (n441, 13–17 years). Results showed that SFA intakes in Irish children, teenagers and adults are high, with only 6 % of children, 11 % of teenagers and 21 % of adults in compliance with the recommended daily intake. The main food groups that contributed to SFA intakes were whole milk; fresh meat; meat products; biscuits, cakes, buns and pastries; and sugars, confectionery and preserves.
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Jackson, Kim G., Antonios Zampelas, Jacky M. E. Knapper, Caroline C. Culverwell, John Wright, Barry J. Gould i Christine M. Williams. "Lack of influence of test meal fatty acid composition on the contribution of intestinally-derived lipoproteins to postprandial lipaemia". British Journal of Nutrition 81, nr 1 (styczeń 1999): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114599000148.
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The extent and duration of postprandial lipaemia have been linked to risk of CHD but the influence of dietary variables on, and the relative contributions of, exogenous (chylomicron) and endogenous (VLDL) triacylglycerols to the total lipaemic response have not been comprehensively evaluated. In the present study the triacylglycerol, apolipoprotein (apo) B-48 and retinyl ester (RE) responses to three test meals of varying monounsaturated (MUFA) and saturated fatty acid (SFA) content were measured in the triacylglycerol-rich lipoprotein (TRL) fraction of plasma (ρ = 1·006 g/ml) for 9 h after meal consumption. Fifteen healthy normolipidaemic young men consumed, on separate occasions, three test meals which were identical apart from their MUFA and SFA contents. Expressed as a percentage of total energy the MUFA/SFA contents of the meals were: (1) 12 %/17 %; (2) 17 %/12 % and (3) 24 %/5 %. The contribution of the intestinally-derived lipoproteins (chylomicrons) to the lipaemic response was investigated by determining the time to reach peak concentration and the total and incremental areas under the time response curves (AUC and incremental AUC) for RE, apoB-48 and triacylglycerol in the TRL fraction. No significant differences in these measurements were observed for the three meals. However, visual comparison of the postprandial responses to the three meals suggested that as meal MUFA content increased there was a tendency for the triacylglycerol, apoB-48 and RE responses to become biphasic as opposed to the typical monophasic response seen with the 12 % MUFA/17 % SFA meal. Comparison of the apoB-48 and RE responses for the three test meals confirmed other workers’ findings of delayed entry of RE relative to apoB-48 in TRL. The value of the two markers in investigating dietary fat absorption and metabolism is discussed.
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Liput, Kamila P., Adam Lepczyński, Agata Nawrocka, Ewa Poławska, Magdalena Ogłuszka, Aneta Jończy, Weronika Grzybek i in. "Effects of Three-Month Administration of High-Saturated Fat Diet and High-Polyunsaturated Fat Diets with Different Linoleic Acid (LA, C18:2n–6) to α-Linolenic Acid (ALA, C18:3n–3) Ratio on the Mouse Liver Proteome". Nutrients 13, nr 5 (15.05.2021): 1678. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13051678.
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The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of different types of high-fat diets (HFDs) on the proteomic profile of mouse liver. The analysis included four dietary groups of mice fed a standard diet (STD group), a high-fat diet rich in SFAs (SFA group), and high-fat diets dominated by PUFAs with linoleic acid (LA, C18:2n–6) to α-linolenic acid (ALA, C18:3n–3) ratios of 14:1 (14:1 group) and 5:1 (5:1 group). After three months of diets, liver proteins were resolved by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) using 17 cm non-linear 3–10 pH gradient strips. Protein spots with different expression were identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF. The expression of 13 liver proteins was changed in the SFA group compared to the STD group (↓: ALB, APOA1, IVD, MAT1A, OAT and PHB; ↑: ALDH1L1, UniProtKB—Q91V76, GALK1, GPD1, HMGCS2, KHK and TKFC). Eleven proteins with altered expression were recorded in the 14:1 group compared to the SFA group (↓: ARG1, FTL1, GPD1, HGD, HMGCS2 and MAT1A; ↑: APOA1, CA3, GLO1, HDHD3 and IVD). The expression of 11 proteins was altered in the 5:1 group compared to the SFA group (↓: ATP5F1B, FTL1, GALK1, HGD, HSPA9, HSPD1, PC and TKFC; ↑: ACAT2, CA3 and GSTP1). High-PUFA diets significantly affected the expression of proteins involved in, e.g., carbohydrate metabolism, and had varying effects on plasma total cholesterol and glucose levels. The outcomes of this study revealed crucial liver proteins affected by different high-fat diets.
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Vyncke, Krishna E., Lars Libuda, Tineke De Vriendt, Luis A. Moreno, Myriam Van Winckel, Yannis Manios, Frederic Gottrand i in. "Dietary fatty acid intake, its food sources and determinants in European adolescents: the HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) Study". British Journal of Nutrition 108, nr 12 (28.02.2012): 2261–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000711451200030x.
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Dietary fatty acids (FA) play a role in several (patho)physiological processes at any age, and different FA have different effects on lipid status and health outcome. The present study aims to describe the FA intake and its main food sources in a population of healthy European adolescents and to assess the variation in intake as a function of non-dietary factors. FA intake was assessed with 24 h recall interviews in 1804 adolescents aged 12·5–17·5 years. Usual intakes were calculated using the multiple source method. Multilevel analyses, adjusting for study centre, were used to investigate the influence of non-dietary factors. The mean total fat intake was 33·3 (sd 1·2) % of total energy intake (%E). The mean SFA intake was 13·8 (sd 1·2) %E, with 99·8 % of the population exceeding the recommendations. SFA was mainly delivered by meat and cake, pies and biscuits. In most adolescents, the PUFA intake was too low, and 35·5 % of the population did not achieve the minimum recommended intake for α-linolenic acid (ALA). The main determinants of FA intake in the present study population were age and sex, as well as physical activity in the male subgroup. No contributions of body composition, socio-economic status or sexual maturation to the variance in FA intake were observed. In conclusion, the most important public health concerns regarding FA intake in this adolescent population were the low intake of ALA and the high intake of SFA, mainly seen in the younger-aged boys. In this group the major contributor to SFA was meat.
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Ladenheim, Eric D., Dzenan Lulic, Craig Lum i Sid Agrawal. "Primary and secondary patencies of transposed femoral vein fistulas are significantly greater than with the HeRO graft". Journal of Vascular Access 18, nr 3 (25.04.2017): 232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/jva.5000697.
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Introduction For access-challenged patients with bilateral upper extremity central venous stenosis, solutions include the Hemodialysis Reliable Outflow (HeRO) device or an autogenous AV fistula in the lower limb. We evaluated HeRO grafts and transpositions of the femoral vein in maintaining primary and secondary patency. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 40 patients with a HeRO device and 18 patients with superficial femoral artery to transposed femoral vein autogenous arteriovenous fistula (SFA-tFV). All patients had bilateral central venous obstruction. All procedures were outpatient performed by a single surgeon at one center between 2009-2015. Operative details, intraoperative flows, and flows at the first-week postoperative visit were analyzed, as were primary and secondary patency and intervention rates. Complications were compared between groups. Results The one-year cumulative primary patency was 30% for HeRO grafts and 79% for SFA-tFV fistulas (p = 0.0001); secondary patency was 71% for HeRO grafts and 93% for SFA-tFV fistulas (p = 0.03). To maintain patency, HeRO patients required a mean 2.1 interventions per year and thigh fistula patients required a mean 0.4 interventions per year. Thirty-seven percent of thigh fistula patients had a hematoma or seroma versus 5% of HeRO patients and 17% of thigh fistula patients experienced delayed wound healing versus 2.5% of HeRO patients (p<0.05). None of the thigh fistula patients had distal ischemia. Conclusions HeRO patients had lower primary and secondary patency rates versus thigh fistula patients and HeRO grafts required five-fold more interventions to maintain secondary patency. However, patients with thigh fistulas had significantly more wound healing problems. Thus, the SFA-tFV has become our access of choice for patients with bilateral central venous stenosis.
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Shojania, A. Majid. "Folate Assays Are No Longer Useful as Screening Tests for Malabsorption Syndrome. Now, Iron and B12 Deficiency Are More Common Than Folate Deficiency in Adults with Untreated Celiac Disease." Blood 106, nr 11 (16.11.2005): 3738. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.3738.3738.
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Abstract In the past, before immunological tests for celiac disease became available, many authors advocated the use of red cell folate (RFA) as a screening test for celiac disease. That is, if the red cell folate were normal, then celiac disease was considered very unlikely. Low red cell folate was found in all 24 cases of celiac disease reported by Hoffbrand et al (J Clin Pathol1966;19:17–28). Since Patients with celiac disease and tropical sprue absorb the folic acid used in the fortification of grain products much better than folate polyglutamates present in food, I decided to investigate whether serum or red cell folate is still useful for screening malabsorption syndrome. Methods: Serum folate (SFA) and red cell folate at St. Boniface General Hospital (SBGH) were determined by L. Casei microbilogical assay. During the 30-month period of July 1,1999 – Dec 31, 2001, the search of Laboratory Information System (LIS) at SBGH, revealed 29 patients with strong laboratory evidence of celiac disease (strongly positive gliadin antibody with positive endomysial and or t-transglutaminase antibodies) who also had SFA or RFA results. LIS was searched for the results of complete blood count (CBC), SFA, RFA, serum ferritin (SFer) and serum B12 (SB12). Results: Five out of 29 patients (17.2%) with laboratory evidence of celiac disease had low SFA. Of these 5 patients with low SFA, 4 also had RFA. Only one of these 4 with low SFA had a low RFA. Eleven of the 29 patients also had RFA and only 2 of these 11 (18%) had low RFA. One of the two with low RFA had a normal SFA; and the other had a low SFA, a low SB12 and a low SFer. Twelve of 29 (41.3%) with celiac disease had low SFer and 6 of 29 (20.6%) had low SB12. Four out of 29 (13.8%) had high mean corpuscular volume (MCV)(> 98 fL). All of the four with high MCV had normal RFA, but had low SB12, indicating that macrocytosis in these 4 cases was due to B12 deficiency. Ten out of 12 with low serum ferritin had low MCV (<80 fL). Discussion: The mandated fortification of grain products in USA and Canada (0.14 mg of folic acid per 100 g of grain) was estimated to add about 0.1 mg of folic acid to the daily folate intake of the average adult. However, some studies have shown that the actual increase in daily folate intake, through folic acid fortification, is about 0.2 mg (J Nutr2002;132:2792–8 and Am J Clin Nutr2003;77:221–5). Patients with celiac disease or tropical sprue can absorb this folic acid much better than the folate polyglutamates present in food. Sheehy et al (Blood1961;18:623–36) have demonstrated that many patients with tropical sprue who had developed folate deficiency megaloblastic anemia, despite consuming more than 1 mg of food folates daily, responded to as little as 0.025 mg of folic acid daily. It is for this reason than most of our celiac patients had normal serum folate but were either iron deficient or B12 deficient. In the past, B12 deficiency was considered to be uncommon in untreated adults with celiac disease. Conclusion: As the result of fortification of grain products with folic acid, red cell folate is no longer a useful test as a screening test for malabsorption syndrome. Now, as our data demonstrate, B12 deficiency is more common than folate deficiency in adults with untreated celiac disease. A patient with celiac disease and macrocytic anemia is more likely to be B12 deficient than folate deficient.
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Ayaşan, T., S. Esen, V. Kader Esen, H. Eseceli i E. Cabi. "Arbuscular mycorrhizae inoculation of einkorn wheat affects fatty acid, nutrient and mineral concentrations". South African Journal of Animal Science 50, nr 4 (29.10.2020): 600–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v50i4.11.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) inoculation, which was administered to increase the quality of einkorn wheat in its fatty acid composition, quality and mineral concentration. Wheat grown from AM inoculated seed (AM+) had increased the dry matter (DM), iron (Fe), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), especially oleic acid, and alpha-linolenic acid, and cis-5,-8,-11,-14, and cis-17 eicosapentaenoic acid from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (P <0.05), but decreased crude ash (CA), potassium (K), and total saturated fatty acids (UFA), especially myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid and monounsaturated fatty acids, especially cis-palmitoleic acid, cis-10-heptadecenoic acid, cis-11 eicosenoic acid, erucic acid, and linoleic acid (P <0.05) compared with einkorn wheat grown from non-inoculated seed (AM-). Crude protein (CP) content ranged from 10.56% to 10.68%, and ether extract (EE) content varied between 2.03% and 2.41%, neither of which was significantly different between treatments. Significant increases were observed in UFA, and in the ratios of UFA to SFA and PUFA to SFA in AM+ compared with AM-.
Keywords: mycorrhizal inoculation, nutrient composition, Triticum monococcum
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Rovo, Alicia, Maria Teresa van Lint, Mahmoud Aljurf, Nina Salooja, Gülsan Sucak, Ann Elizabeth Hunter, Tan Swee Kim, Gerard Socie, Manuela Badoglio i Andre Tichelli. "Ongoing Chronic GvHD Is the Most Harmful Factor for Sperm Recovery In Male Survivors After Allogeneic HSCT Not Conditioned with TBI." Blood 116, nr 21 (19.11.2010): 3449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.3449.3449.
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Abstract Abstract 3449 Gonadal dysfunction with the absence of sperm production leading to definitive infertility is a common long-term non-malignant effect after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Total body irradiation (TBI) used as part of the conditioning regimen plays a central role in posttransplantation infertility. Younger age at HSCT and longer time interval since HSCT has been associated with spermatogenesis recovery. However, larger and more diverse cohorts of patients are needed to better define sperm recovery after allogeneic HSCT. Therefore, we assessed the chances of sperm recovery after HSCT in a large retrospective multicenter study of male survivors and evaluated factors associated with infertility. Male patients with at least one seminal fluid analysis (SFA) performed after HSCT, and in complete remission were included in this analysis. Ninety EBMT centers were asked to participate; 23 reported having data on SFA, and 15 centers finally contributed reporting a total of 247 patients; 226 out of them were treated with allogeneic HSCT; they compose the population evaluated in the present study. 196 (87%) patients were transplanted for a malignant hematological disease and 155 (63%) of them were transplanted before the year 2000. The median age at HSCT and the age at time of last SFA was 24 (2-59) and 31 (5-64) years, respectively. The median time interval between HSCT and last SFA analysis was 63 months (8 - 275). 145 (65%) patients received TBI with a median dose of 12 Gy (7.5-14.4) as part of the conditioning; 46 (21%) patients received a Busulfan-containing regimen and 31 (14%) were conditioned without TBI and without Busulfan. 193 (86%) patients had a matched sibling donor and 171 (76%) received bone marrow as a source of stem cells. During the follow-up 140 recipients (64%) presented acute GvHD, 133 (63%) chronic GvHD (cGvHD); 29 (23%) of them had ongoing cGvHD at time of SFA and 24 (17%) were still on immunosuppression. Any presence of spermatozoa in SFA was considered as recovery of spermatogenesis. Spermatozoa were detected in 68/218 (31%) patients: 22 (10%) normozoospermia (≥20×10e6/ml); 14 (6%) oligozoospermia (5-20 ×10e6/ml); 28 (13%) severe oligozoospermia (<5 ×10e6/ml); 4 (2%) crypospermia (detected by microscopy observation only). In univariate analysis, conditioning with TBI (p< 0.0001), age > 25 at HSCT (p=0.013), < 8 years follow-up after HSCT (p=0.011), ongoing cGvHD (p< 0.001) as well as immunosuppression at time of SFA (p=0.006) were associated with azoospermia. In the multivariate analysis, age at HSCT was no longer significant (Figure 1). Since TBI was the strongest risk factor, we further evaluated separately patients conditioned with or without TBI: within the TBI group of patients, the most significant adverse factors for spermatogenesis recovery were age > 25 at HSCT and follow-up < 8 years (Figure 2); cGvHD was not related with azoospermia (p=0.102). In contrast, for patients conditioned without TBI, ongoing cGvHD was the most harmful factor for spermatogenesis recovery (p<0.0001); age at HSCT and time interval until SFA did not longer play a role (Figure 2). In conclusion, this is the largest cohort of male survivors where spermatogenesis after allogeneic HSCT has been evaluated. TBI is the most relevant adverse risk factor for sperm production. Factors such age at HSCT and time of follow-up after HSCT might be established as risk factors for patients conditioned with TBI. In patients not conditioned with TBI, even when they are conditioned with Busulfan containing regimen, ongoing chronic GVHD is the main adverse factor for sperm recovery. In this last group, age at HSCT and follow-up time did not show significant influence. Hence, for the first time evidence for graft versus testis effect can be demonstrated as the most relevant adverse factor for sperm recovery in patients conditioned without TBI. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Części książek na temat "ASME SFA 5.17"
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Jetter, Robert I., Mark Mitchell i D. Keith Morton. "Division 5—High Temperature Reactors". W Companion Guide to the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Codes, Volume 1, Sixth Edition, 17–1. ASME Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.886519_ch17.
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Abstract This chapter provides commentary on a new division under Section III of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel (BPV) Code. This Division 5 was first published as part of the 2011 Addenda to the 2010 Edition of the BPV Code. The chapter provides information on the scope and need for Division 5, the structure of Division 5, where the rules originated, the basis for the elevated temperature rules specified in Division 5, the various changes made in finalizing Division 5, and the future near-term and long-term expectations for Division 5 development. It reflects the 2015 Edition of Division 5. Division 5 identifies rules for high temperature reactors (HTRs) based on only two classifications, Class A for safety-related components and Class B for non-safety related but with special treatment components. It contains general requirements for both metals and graphite in Subsection HA, Subpart A and Subpart B, respectively. Rules for Class A metallic pressure boundary components, Class B metallic pressure boundary components, and Class A core support structures at both low temperature conditions (under Subpart A) and elevated temperature conditions (under Subpart B) are contained in Subsections HB, HC, and HG, respectively. Rules for Class A and B metallic supports are contained in Subsection NF, Subpart A. Finally, new rules for nonmetallic core support structures (graphite) are contained in Subsection HH, Subpart A. Consistent with current Code practice, the primary concern of Division 5 is the integrity of the components under design, operating conditions (including normal, upset, emergency, and faulted), and test conditions. Division 5 covers all construction aspects of these components, including administrative requirements, material selection and qualification, design, fabrication, examination, inspection, testing, quality assurance, and documentation. History Effective with the 2015 Edition of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, “Subsection NH of Div. 1 of Section III” was discontinued and the subject matter transferred to Subsection HB, “Class A Metallic Pressure Boundary Components,” Subpart B, “Elevated Temperature Service” of Div. 5 of Section III. Accordingly, the subject matter previously covered in Chapter 12 of Fourth Edition and prior editions is now covered in an expanded version of Chapter 17 “Division. The current online edition was updated by Robert I. Jetter and Mark Mitchell with contributions from the BPV Committee on Construction of Nuclear Facility Components (III).
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "ASME SFA 5.17"
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Gonczy, Stephen T. "A CMC Handbook With a Focus on Design, Testing and Data: MIL Handbook 17 Vol 5". W ASME Turbo Expo 2005: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2005-68472.
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The Department of Defense Handbook — Ceramic Matrix Composites (MIL-HDBK 17, Volume 5) is a comprehensive volume of technical information about the design, testing, and application of ceramic matrix composite (CMC) materials. The handbook provides design and analysis guidelines for CMC utilization and life prediction; best practices on CMC testing; instruction on the collection of statistically meaningful data; and authoritative performance data on current and emerging CMC systems. The target audience for the handbook are the OEM designers who are considering CMCs for cutting-edge high temperature applications in turbines, combustors, heat exchangers, and environmental control. The CMC Handbook provides a framework for rapid, comprehensive, and effective technical communication between the CMC designer and the CMC producer. The handbook has been written through the collaboration of a wide cross section of engineers and scientists from the CMC user and producer communities.
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Chi, Sang-Bum, Wonnyon Kim, Cheong-Kee Park, Chanmin Yoo, Youngtak Ko i Jai-Woon Moon. "Relationship Between Manganese Nodule Distribution and Deep-Sea Sediment Properties in the Northeastern Pacific". W ASME 2012 31st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2012-83773.
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In order to identify a potential relationship between the spatial distribution of Mn-nodule and deep-sea sediment properties in the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone of the northeastern Pacific, physico-chemical properties of deep-sea sediments and photos of sea-floor are analyzed. In general, sediment types in the area show dramatic changes with latitude. Compared to the middle sector (8–12°N) covered with biogenic siliceous sediments, the northern (16–17°N) and southern (5–6°N) areas are dominated by pelagic red clays and calcareous sediments, respectively. Such a difference in sediment types probably produces regional-scale variations in Mn-nodule occurrence with latitude (5–17°N) along longitude (131.5°W). According to the photographic examination, manganese nodules are well exposed on the sea floor in the latitude of >8°N. In connection with the dominant oceanic environment, such observation indicates that calcareous sediments cover the diagenic nodules due to higher primary productivity and sedimentation rate in the latitude of <8°N. In addition, sediments in the latitude of 8–12°N show relatively high shear strength. Considering the operation of miner and environmental effect, highly consolidated B2 and C1 areas (8–12°N), showing higher nodule contents and relatively lower primary productivity, are the most plausible site for commercial mining.
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Andreini, A., C. Bianchini, A. Ceccherini, B. Facchini, L. Mangani, G. Cinque i S. Colantuoni. "Investigation of Circular and Shaped Effusion Cooling Arrays for Combustor Liner Application—Part 2: Numerical Analysis". W ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-60038.
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A numerical analysis of two different effusion cooled plates, with a feasible arrangement for combustor liner application, is presented in this paper. Though having the same porosity and very shallow injection angle (17°), the first configuration presents a “conventional” circular drilling, while the other has “shaped” holes with such an elliptical cross-section that leads to a circular imprint on the cooled surface. Either geometries were the object of an experimental survey in which both adiabatic and overall effectiveness were measured. In order to compensate for the lack of detailed aerodynamic measurements, 3D CFD computations were performed for the two geometries. Steady state RANS calculations were carried out using a k–ε Two Layer turbulence model, both in the standard isotropic and in an algebraically corrected non isotropic version specifically tuned to better predict the lateral spreading of jets in a cross flow. Flow characteristic reproduce typical effusion cooled combustor liner conditions with blowing ratio of 5 and coolant jet Reynolds number of 12500. Even though good agreement could not be obtained comparing thermal adiabatic effectiveness with experiments, the findings of the experiments regarding the rating of the cooling efficiency of the two configurations were confirmed. Additionally, conjugate simulations were performed for the circular hole geometry in order to quantify heat transfer effects and to directly compare them with raw experimental overall effectiveness data.
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Aurelio, Luca, Paolo Battagli, Dino Bianchi, Arlie R. Martin i Leonardo Tognarelli. "The MS 5002E: A New 2-Shaft, High Efficiency Heavy Duty Gas Turbine for Oil and Gas Applications". W ASME Turbo Expo 2001: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2001-gt-0225.
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In mid-’98 it was decided to develop a new high efficiency version of the very successful MS5002 (GE Frame 5 two-shaft), to satisfy the most recent Customer requirements in terms of fuel consumption and environmental impact. The machine was conceived considering different markets, primarily mechanical drive, but also non-Oil&Gas power generation. Power class is 30 MW, pressure ratio is 17:1, simple cycle efficiency is over 36% and combined cycle efficiency approximately 51%. The new model retains features that contributed to the success of its predecessors. The main ones are the full heavy-duty concept for on-site maintenance, the moderate firing temperature (compared with state of the art) for highest reliability, the two-shaft design with free power turbine for mechanical drive use, the high heat recovery capability. Achievement of high cycle efficiency with low firing temperature is possible thanks the advanced tools used for the definition, design and optimization of airfoils, clearances, leakages and distribution of cooling flows. Aero-thermal design was largely based on state of the art 3D CFD and on sophisticated airfoil cooling techniques of the same type extensively used in aircraft engine development. The dry-low-emissions combustion system design is derived from the GEPS DLN2.6. A thorough testing program, including the full-scale test of the axial compressor and a full load prototype test, is planned to support development and to validate the design.
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Quiros, Edwin N., i Jeffrey James C. Laguitao. "Performance and Emissions Characteristics of Philippine CME-Diesel Blends". W ASME 2017 11th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2017 Power Conference Joint With ICOPE-17, the ASME 2017 15th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2017 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2017-3393.
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Deliberations in the Philippines are underway on the shift to 5% (B5) CME-diesel blend from the current B2 blend. In support to said deliberations, a fuel economy and gaseous emissions study of B1–B50 CME-diesel blends was conducted using an in-use Asian utility vehicle running on the Japanese 10–15 Mode drive cycle. Results show that adding CME up to 20% by volume (B20) has a small effect on the heating values, specific fuel consumption (SFC), mileage, and maximum power. Relative to neat diesel, the increase in SFC, and lower mileage and power beyond B20 were attributed to lower heating values at higher blends. CO was practically constant while THC and NOx generally decreased with increasing CME blends. The CO and THC trends were ascribed to overall lean mixtures and increased amount of oxygenated fuel at higher CME blends. The decreasing NOx trend needs further investigation as it seemed contrary to other studies. Based on these results, the shift to B5 would insignificantly affect fuel economy and likely lessen THC and NOx emissions. B20 yielded the most emissions reduction without performance loss.
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Reiss, Frank, Timothy Griffin i Karl Reyser. "The ALSTOM GT13E2 Medium BTU Gas Turbine". W ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2002-30108.
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ALSTOM Power’s GT13E2 gas turbine has been successfully commissioned in a refinery residual oil gasification process (api Energia, Italy) operating on Medium Btu gas (GT13E2-MBtu). The modification of the standard GT13E2 to operate with MBtu fuel has resulted in an improvement in the performance of the GT13E2 to exceed 192 MW and 38% efficiency (simple cycle) at ISO conditions. The GT compressor has been upgraded to incorporate an extra-end stage to boost the pressure ratio to 17:1 and improve performance. Syngas from residual oil gasification has a typical volumetric composition of 45% H2, 48% CO and 7% CO2 and a lower heating value of 13.9 MJ/kg. This syngas has been diluted with N2 to reduce the heating value to 7 MJ/kg lowering reactivity and allowing partially premixed operation. In order to operate with syngas a redesign of the standard EV burners was necessary to deal with the associated high flame velocities and volume fluxes. The fuel injection for syngas operation was placed at the burner end and the gas injected radially inward to obtain inherently safe operation. The gas turbine demonstrated successful operation with both syngas and oil No. 2 fuels. At the standard dilution of 7MJ/kg NOx emissions are in the 20–25 vppm range and the CO emissions are below 5 vppm independent of load. The modified burners demonstrated safe operation on syngas with and without dilution of nitrogen in a tested LHV range from 6.8 to 14 MJ/kg. This behavior allows high flexibility of the entire power plant. Changeover from oil no. 2 to syngas and vice versa can be done between 50 and 100% load. The gas turbine components have been inspected several times during the commissioning period and shown to be in good condition.
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Camporeale, S. M., i B. Fortunato. "Aero-Thermodynamic Simulation of a Double-Shaft Industrial Evaporative Gas Turbine". W ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0171.
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A modeling study has been carried out in order to determine the behavior of evaporative industrial gas turbines power plants at part-load and for varying ambient temperature. On-design and off-design performance have been analyzed by means of a computational program developed for the analysis of advanced cycles. In order to verify the mathematical model and to evaluate the characteristics of up-to-date gas turbine technology, an industrial engine, presently available on the market, has been simulated. A double-shaft gas turbine for power generation has been considered. On-design performance and ratings vs. ambient temperature have been evaluated, with good accordance. It is assumed that, in order to realize a Recuperated Water Injected (RWI) cycle, the industrial gas turbine could be modified, maintaining substantially unchanged the compression system and modifying the turbine blades. The thermodynamic analysis of the cycle has been carried out in order to determine efficiency and power output as a function of the amount of water addition. The RWI cycle gas turbine has been designed and the characteristic maps of the two new turbines have been evaluated. The regulation is performed by means of the simultaneous manipulation of fuel flow rate, water rate, and position of the free turbine nozzle guide vanes (NGV). The regulation criteria, the interaction among the input variables, the safety of the operations (max. turbine inlet temperature, surge limits) and the optimization of the part-load efficiency, are examined and discussed. Ratings as a function of the ambient temperature are examined. The possibility to manipulate the water rate and the position of the NGV in order to provide high efficiency and power output, even on hot days, has been examined. The paper shows that maintaining constant the temperature at the power turbine exit, ratings decrease of 17% in power and 5% in efficiency.
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Pronske, Keith, Larry Trowsdale, Scott Macadam, Fermin Viteri, Frank Bevc i Dennis Horazak. "An Overview of Turbine and Combustor Development for Coal-Based Oxy-Syngas Systems". W ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-90816.
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Coal combustion technology is required that is capable of: (1) co-producing electricity and hydrogen from coal while; (2) achieving high efficiency, low capital cost, low operating cost, and near-zero atmospheric emissions; and (3) producing a sequestration-ready carbon dioxide stream. Clean Energy Systems, Inc. (CES) and Siemens Power Generation, Inc., are developing this technology that would lead to a 300 to 600 MW, design for a zero emissions coal syngas plant, targeted for the year 2015, CES and Siemens received awards on September 30, 2005 from the U.S. Department of Energy’s; Office of Fossil Energy Turbine Technology R&D Program. These awards are designed to advance turbines and turbine subsystems for integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plants. Studies have shown [1–4] that replacing air with nearly pure oxygen and steam in a turbine’s combustion chamber is a promising approach to designing coal based power plants with high efficiency and near-zero emissions. Siemens will combine current steam and gas turbine technologies to design an optimized turbine that uses oxygen with coal derived hydrogen fuels in the combustion process under a DOE Turbine Development Project [5]. CES will develop and demonstrate a new combustor technology powered by coal syngas and oxygen under a DOE Combustor Development Project [6]. The proposed programs build upon twelve years of prior technical work and government-sponsored research to develop and demonstrate zero-emission fossil fuel power generation. The planned system studies build upon previous work conducted by private, public, and foreign organizations, including CES [7–9], DOE’s National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) [10–12], Air Liquide (AL) [1,13], Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) [2], Fern Engineering, Inc. [14], and Japanese investigators [15, 16]. Other pertinent data related to coal gasification, advanced air separation unit (ASU), plant integration and plant systems optimization, etc., can be found in references [17–23].
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Smith-Briggs, Jane. "DTI Nuclear Legacy Programme: Andreeva Bay". W ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4863.
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Andreeva Bay is located in the Zapadnaya sea inlet at the extreme North-West of the Kola Peninsula (Russian Federation), about 40km from the Norwegian border. It is rather inaccessible, except by sea and the nearest town with facilities for Western visitors is Murmansk some 80km to the SE. Spent nuclear fuel (SNF) was initially stored in two large pools within building 5, however after serious leaks the fuel was transferred to an external “drystore” constructed by adapting three existing concrete tanks, previously allocated for the storage of liquid radwaste. There are currently approximately 20,000 spent fuel assemblies (SFA) stored within the three tanks. The storage conditions of the assemblies are less than adequate, the steel canisters used to store the assemblies are in poor condition and their standard of manufacture was not good. Shielding is locally inadequate and the concrete roof segments are ill fitting with snowmelt known to enter the tanks. Building 5 still contains some fuel fragments that could not readily be moved. The remaining water and structure remain highly active and this included some 4000Ci in sludge and debris at the bottom of the pool. The UK has agreed to support activities to improve the conditions at Andreeva Bay, with respect to SNF management, and DTI (Department of Trade and Industry) have appointed RWE NUKEM as their project management consultants for their Nuclear Legacy Programme in North-West Russia. A number of projects have been identified by the Russian Federation Ministry of Atomic Energy, MINATOM, and these are currently in the project definition stage. These include the characterisation of Building 5, an options study for SNF management at the site, and the construction of a cover for Tank 3a. This paper will describe the current conditions with respect to spent nuclear fuel at Andreeva bay and will discuss the proposed projects under consideration for funding by DTI.
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Morton, D. K., R. I. Jetter, James E. Nestell, T. D. Burchell i T. L. (Sam) Sham. "Section III, Division 5: Development and Future Directions". W ASME 2012 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2012-78062.
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This paper provides commentary on a new division under Section III of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel (BPV) Code. This new Division 5 has an issuance date of November 1, 2011 and is part of the 2011 Addenda to the 2010 Edition of the BPV Code. The new Division covers the rules for the design, fabrication, inspection and testing of components for high temperature nuclear reactors. Information is provided on the scope and need for Division 5, the structure of Division 5, where the rules originated, the various changes made in finalizing Division 5, and the future near-term and long-term expectations for Division 5 development. Portions of this paper were based on Chapter 17 of the Companion Guide to the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code, Fourth Edition, © ASME, 2012, Reference [1].