Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Asian Short stories”

Don Lee reworked his eight magazine stories to varying degrees, arranged the sequence of the stories in a specific order, and published a short-story cycle in 2001. Significantly, the writer changed the ethnic identity of some characters from white American to Asian American. He also added and highlighted Asian American themes and issues. In short, Lee made an “Asian American” short-story cycle par excellence by coloring his stories yellow. This essay examines Lee's rewriting and arrangement of his magazine stories for an Asian American short-story cycle. It first compares the differences between the magazine and cycle versions of the stories. It goes on to examine totalizing devices such as the common setting, recurrent places, connective characters, and unifying themes. Lastly, it elucidates the arrangement of the eight stories and significance of the title story in the cycle. It ultimately argues that Don Lee retrofitted his magazine stories extensively and meticulously for a short-story cycle in order to portray the diverse aspects of post-immigrant Asian America at the turn of the century from his positionality as a third-generation Korean American.

In teaching Southeast Asian literature in English in Thailand, a lecturer presented a brief historical background of each country. After lecturing on each country’s literature background, the students were assigned to write the reflection essays on short stories studied in class. Then, a lecturer summarized the issues discussed in class and from students’ reflection essays. This article is resulted from the case study of teaching modern Southeast Asian Literary Works in English at IAC international studies ASEAN-CHINA program, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Thammasat university, Thailand. A lecturer and students discovered gender and political issues in Laotian, Burmese and Vietnamese short stories. Laotian and Vietnamese short stories A Bar at the Edge of Cemetery and The Khaki Coat represent writers’ attitudes towards their communist/socialist government. Laos and Vietnam share social problems such as poverty-famine, economic inequality and class struggle. Additionally, Laotian, Burmese and Vietnamese short stories also portray gender issues such as gender inequality, women’s liberation movements, and the effects of war on women.

This paper explores the discourse on womanhood in the Asian context by delving into the narratives of women characters in five short stories by three Asian writers. Specifically, it attempted to determine the images associated with Asian women based on the portrayal of the main protagonists in the selected short stories. It then analysed how these images construct womanhood and perpetuate such ideal in the Asian mindset. Viewed from both formalist and constructionist lenses, findings show that the women protagonists are relegated to their three-pronged traditional roles/images: daughter, wife, and mother. These images, in turn, shape how these characters behave and are seen by other characters - submissive, self-sacrificing and subjugated. However, despite an unrelentingly difficult life, all the five women still struggle to survive. Such act seems inconsistent with the above stereotypical construct of womanhood, though a closer look actually shows a different side to the said construct: strong, steadfast and resilient/survivalist. Not all of the protagonists overcome their tragic lives. Nonetheless, all five women manage to convey that the concept of womanhood is more complex than how it had been perceived in the past. This complexity is clearly illustrated in the lived realities of many Asian women today.

Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni, a writer who immigrated to the USA from a Postcolonial Indian background. Her works are largely set in India and the United States and often focuses on the experiences of South Asian women immigrants. Divakaruni’s immigrant characters analyze the tension between postcolonial origins and an adjustment in new country. Arranged Marriage is Divakaruni’s debut collection of short stories. The collection has eleven short stories and majority of the stories deal with the immigrant experience along with the social cultural encounter that an Indian women experience when she moves towards west. Arranged Marriage includes stories about the abuse and courage of immigrant women. Divakaruni skillfully tells stories about immigrant women struggling to shape out an identity of their own in an unknown land.

This article analyzes three short stories of refugee expulsion, immigrant displacement, and exilic return by contemporary writer Trần Vũũ. Beyond the binary of nostalgia and assimilation, Vietnamese diasporic identity emerges in these narratives as the tenuous subject of physical and psychic trauma. Informed by postcolonial theories of diasporic identity, Asian American scholarship on racial abjection, and psychoanalytic and feminist analyses of trauma and sexual deviance, I argue that the characters in these stories either succumb to or subvert the unwitting repetition of trauma in their attempts to challenge, if only precariously, patterns of domination through sadomasochism and counternationalist historiography.

This article is a preliminary examination of how Southeast Asian media frame the regional integration of Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) as a news topic. Without grassroots engagement, the ASEAN integration will inevitably fall short of its grand objectives, and crucial to building grassroots engagement is media coverage capable of building audience interest and appreciation. Based on articles published during the major ASEAN summit events in 2018, the authors identified resonant themes in the reportage and discussed these vis-a-vis the documented character of the different media environments in the region. It was found that the axis of the reportage is the declarations and actions of the heads of state, with very few human interest and context-building stories that would have built audience engagement in what is otherwise an affair revolving around ‘men in suits’. Moreover, the journalistic emphasis on consensus and state initiatives reflects continuing adherence to the tenets of the development journalism framework, but this can also be interpreted as the dominance of ‘prominence’ as a news value (i.e. stories are framed according to the gestures of prominent individuals). These findings call attention to the need for re-thinking reportage on potentially high-stake phenomena such as the ASEAN integration.

This research explored the lives and worldviews of Asian immigrants in the United States presented in Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni's stories in The Unknown Errors of Our Lives (2001). Central characters in Divakaruni's narratives embody the sufferings of immigrants in the New Land. Precisely it was proposed to study the stories from the perspective of the diaspora. In this collection, the researcher has selected five stories, including "Mrs. Dutta Writes a Letter," "The Intelligence of Wild Things," "The Blooming Season for Cacti," "The Names of Stars in Bengali," and "The Unknown Errors of Our Lives." Since the characters like Mrs. Dutta, Mira, Radhika, and Kahuku's mother emigrate from India to different zones of America, they combat issues of cultural contradiction, identity crisis, disruption and family strives. Unlike them, Tarun, Mrs. Dutta's son, and her family are assimilated into the American society, whereas the characters such as Mrs. Dutta, Didi, and Mira recurrently remember their original house and early childhood days with friends. It is because they are fragmented and frustrated in America. The study concluded that the characters in her stories are ambitious and want to live a luxurious life but because of the lack of opportunities, they could not fulfill their desires and even some of them decided to return to their homeland to get a better life.

In the 1920s and 1930s, the Japanese proletarian literary movement had an enormous impact on East Asian writers, who often translated and adapted Japanese tales. Amongst them, Hayama Yoshiki’s 1925 short story “Inbaifu” (The Prostitute) enjoyed great popularity. This paper focuses on the Taiwanese writer Lang-shi-sheng’s adaptation of “Inbaifu”, the 1935 “Yami” (Darkness), and Manchukuo writer Yuan Xi’s adaptation of the same Japanese source text, the 1938 short story “Shi tian” (Ten Days). By comparing the Taiwanese and Manchukuo stories, this paper suggests that both versions of “Inbaifu” reflect the Japanese debate on proletarian literature that was fashionable in East Asia in the 1930s. However, by resetting the stories in Taiwan and Manchukuo, respectively, the authors created cultural products that defy borders and simple nationalist interpretations.

This introduction serves to provide a sketch of the circumstances that led to the prominence of "nativist," or xiangtu literature from the Republic of China (i.e. Taiwan) in the late twentieth century. Huang Chunming, the author of the stories featured in this thesis, has been a prolific writer from the east of the Taiwan Straits since 1962, and has contributed to the popularization of Taiwanese xiangtu literature in the decades of the island's industrialization experience. In Huang's world of fictional characters, readers have multifaceted records of the Taiwanese people's lives and the culture of their native soil.

During the early twentieth century, Japan was modernizing in all areas of science and art, including children’s literature. Ogawa Mimei (1882-1961) was a prolific writer who advanced various literary forms such as short stories, poems, essays, children’s stories, and children’s songs. As a writer, he was most active during the late Meiji (1868-1912) to Taishō (1912-1926) periods when he was a socialist. During that time, he penned many socialist short stories and children’s stories that were filtered through his humanistic, anarchistic, and romanticist ideals. In this thesis, I analyze Mimei’s socialist short stories and children’s stories written in the 1910s and 1920s. I identify both the characteristics of his writing style and the themes so we can probe Mimei’s ideological and aesthetic ideas, which have been discounted by contemporary critics. His socialist short stories challenged the dogmatic literary approach of Japanese proletarian literature during its golden age of the late 1920s and early 1930s. His socialist children’s stories also deviated from the standard of Japanese children’s literature in the 1950s and 1960s. In this thesis, I break away from the narrow views that confined Mimei to certain literary standards. This thesis is a reevaluation of Mimei’s literature on his own terms from a holistic perspective.

This thesis explores the possibilities of introducing modernist literature to Chinese university students by means of participatory drama. The target students are not principally those studying in literature departments but those from other disciplines. The potential space for this teaching is in the courses of general education that many universities have introduced in China in recent years. The research is premised on evidence that intelligent readers in China nonetheless find it very difficult to engage with modernist texts. The thesis begins with a literature review that explores why this is the case and proposes that the problem lies in the restricted nature of their literary education, dominated as it is by Marxist criticism and reflectionist theory. It argues for other, broader theories of literary understanding to be applied, specifically drawing from reception theory and the approach to literary study known as poetics. It also argues for the potential of participatory drama as an innovative pedagogy that could help students connect with the texts, which are far removed from the realistic texts that their high school education introduces them to. The fieldwork itself was undertaken between 2012 and 2015 with five groups of Chinese university students, three of these in Beijing and two from students following Masters courses in the University of Warwick, UK. The fieldwork was conducted in two parts. Part 1 consisted of a questionnaire and interviews to students from the teaching groups to gather information relevant to this project, chiefly concerning their reading habits and literary tastes; and Part 2 consisted of two case studies, each of which principally consisted of a three-hour long workshop on a specific modernist short story: these were How Wang-Fo was Saved by Marguerite Yourcenar and Theme of the Traitor and the Hero by Jorge Luis Borges. Each workshop was taught to all five groups. Theoretical explanations and practical descriptions are provided as to how the stories were adapted into dramatic form, along with detailed analyses of the texts themselves. This is followed, in each case, by a detailed analysis and discussion of data gathered from observation and recordings of the workshops and from subsequent interviews with students. My concluding chapter reflects upon the strengths and limitations of the research and examines the possibilities of how its positive findings could be acted upon in the future.

Past decades have witnessed evidence to large-scale upheaval caused by natural disasters. Thus, there is a need for determination of mechanisms through which natural disasters may influence growth, especially for developing countries. This paper traces the medium-short run time path of agricultural and industrial output growth response to four types of disasters in Southern and Southeastern Asian countries. Disasters considered are floods, droughts, storms and earthquakes. The empirical results suggest heterogeneous effects for disasters as well as different economic sectors. In many cases disaster impact was delayed. Generally speaking, floods and droughts have a stronger effect while earthquakes and storms have a weaker one on disaggregated output growth. Floods have a predominantly posi-tive effect while droughts have a negative one on both agricultural and industrial sectors. Storms seem to show a stronger negative effect in the agricultural sector than in industrial sector hinting at existence of short lived indirect effects. Earth-quakes, on the other hand, presented ambiguous growth responses.

No

Please note: creative writing theses are permanently embargoed in OpenBU. No public access is forecasted for these. To request private access, please click on the lock icon and filled out the appropriate web form.
A collection of short stories.
2031-01-01T00:00:00Z

abstract: Hirano Keiichirou is an award-winning, contemporary Japanese author. He experiments with many styles, and his novels explore a broad range of themes and social issues. Unfortunately, little of his work is available in English translation, and he remains largely unknown to English-reading audiences. This thesis includes a brief overview of Hirano's career as well as translations and analyses of two of his short stories, "Tojikomerareta shounen" ("Trapped," 2003) and "Hinshi no gogo to namiutsu iso no osanai kyoudai" ("A Fatal Afternoon and Young Brothers on a Wave-swept Shore," 2003). These two stories are representative of the second period of Hirano's career, in which he focused on short fiction. They integrate experimental literary styles with contemporary, real-life themes to create effective, resonant literature.
Dissertation/Thesis
M.A. Asian Languages and Civilizations 2012

This manuscript is a collection of short fiction. The stories explore power structures within Asian and gay male communities, blurring the lines between folklore and memoir, intimacy and abuse, passivity and control. They attempt to complicate and subvert my own self-image by engaging friends and family members who have had formative impacts on my life. In reaching for people and places that no longer exist, these stories function as elegies as well as coming-of-age narratives.

Abstract Chapter 3 focuses on In Other Rooms, Other Wonders, Pakistani-American writer Daniyal Mueenudin’s 2009 collection of interlinked short stories. It argues that Mueenudin does something new compared to earlier South Asian English writers, and that his powerful stories render both the psychic interiority of servitude (through nuanced, empathetic representations of male and female servant characters and their subjectivities) and system (the outer world of power and hierarchy that entraps some individuals, empowers others, and constitutes all their relationships). It elaborates on Pakistan’s postcolonial feudalism that coexists with late capitalism as the system in which these stories are embedded. It pays close attention to Mueenuddin’s formal choices and narrative techniques, examining how the interlinked short story enables comparison of diverse servant perspectives and experiences. Mueenuddin’s goal, it suggests, is to rehumanize those dehumanized, to change habituated ways of seeing and not-seeing, connecting inner and outer worlds, the private and the public.

Yolanda Martínez-San Miguel proposes a reinterpretation of Rodríguez de Tió’s classic text by offering a “juxtaposed reading” of two short stories, “Página en blanco y staccato” (1987) by the Puerto Rican Manuel Ramos Otero, and “Los fundadores: Alfonso” (1972), by Lourdes Casal. These stories “project a queered imaginary of Cuban and Puerto Rican imaginaries” by decentering the Hispanophile and Creolist definitions of national identity, highlighting the black and mulatto elements of that identity, and creating Asian and queer characters as emblematic of the Hispanic Caribbean. In many ways, both Casal and Ramos Otero were writing to compensate for the absence of Afro-Asian voices within the historical archives as well as the national literature of their countries during the 1970s and 1980s. Martínez-San Miguel concludes her essay with a discussion of how archipelagic themes and diasporic themes present in these tales undermine traditional nationalist narratives about Cuba and Puerto Rico.

This chapter turns to a consideration of Glissant’s broader concept of “Relation.” Here, Alice Coltrane’s errant sonic experiments with Asian musical forms offer a way to think about a different constellation of Afrofuturism, one that turns not toward outer space, as in the case of Sun Ra’s Space Is the Place, but toward an exploration of inner worlds as harbingers of another organization of things within the present. From Alice Coltrane’s Afro-Asian imagination, I turn to Nnedi Okorafor’s and Wanuri Kahui’s recent speculations on Africa, in particular Okorafor’s 2010 novel,Who Fears Death, and Kahui’s short film,Pumzi, from 2009. These fictional texts offer errantry, myths, and stories as generative strategies through which the dystopian speculations of Africa on which corporate scenarios rely might be resisted and the worlds those dystopian imaginations work to suppress can be felt.

This chapter examines the Japanese translator and scholar of modern Chinese literature, critic, and essayist Takeuchi Yoshimi’s criticisms and translations of Lu Xun’s works in the wartime and postwar periods, and explores their implications for the conception of world literature. Analyzing Takeuchi’s wartime monograph on Lu Xun with a focus on its gesture of copious citations, as well as his postwar revisiting of Chinese modernity through repeated translations of Lu Xun’s short stories, the chapter teases out a mode of reading that engages with the worldliness of literary texts and thus is informed by a critical self-reflection on the condition of possibility for literary circulation. This mode of reading calls for a transformation of the reader/critic’s self, which bespeaks an act of tuning to voices that the existing routes of literary exchanges may fail to convey. Through Takeuchi’s reading, Lu Xun's works discover a new route of intra-Asian circulation precisely by interrogating their status as literature, and this leads them into a world literature that is driven to self-transformation by the shadows of its own concept.

Abstract Concealing Caste: Passing and Personhood in Dalit Literature is an anthology of stories by Dalit authors in India who describe what it is like to lead a risky double life: Dalit at home, but ‘high caste’ at school or in the neighbourhood, the workplace, or public life. The short stories and autobiographical essays of this volume throw light on the vast, open secret of caste concealment, a phenomenon that is arguably a South Asian analogue to racial ‘passing’ in the United States. In both caste and race contexts, narratives of the clandestine crossing of categorical borders—of persons of oppressed communities allowing themselves to be perceived by others as belonging to a social group other than their ‘own’—reveal the hidden operations and internal contradictions of a vicious social order. The present chapter is the Introduction to Concealing Caste. Here the editors sketch the contours of caste concealment as a concept, contextualize it in the growing field of Dalit literature, identify key themes in its literary representation, and consider theoretical frameworks productive for comparative study alongside the literature on ‘passing’. Opening previously uncharted terrain and framing questions for further study, the Introduction lays the foundation for an interdisciplinary discussion of caste concealment in literature and in life.

The function of the Introduction is to set up the puzzle that the book will solve: why Thailand grants clemency to so many death row prisoners (95 per cent or more), why Singapore grants clemency to so few (0.6 per cent), and why Indonesia and Malaysia fall at points somewhere in between. The Introduction briefly describes the origins of this research project, states why it is necessary and important to compare death penalty clemency among these four jurisdictions, and ends with six short vignettes of paradigmatic cases symbolizing Southeast Asian clemency practice since 1991. These are the cases of Tong Chieng Mun in Singapore (an eighteen-year-old female rejected for clemency and executed in 1995); fishermen Leung Chi Fai, Ng Shun Wa, and Leung Kam Chuen in Thailand (each granted royal pardon in 2013); Kenneth Lee Fook Mun and Michael McAuliffe in Malaysia (providing examples of prisoners granted and denied clemency, respectively); and finally Asep Suryaman and Rodrigo Gularte in Indonesia (likewise providing examples of contrasting outcomes). These six vignettes are an important means of introducing the reader to the legal and political issues involved in death penalty clemency, through human interest stories representative of each state’s recent practice.

Ng Kim Chew is a Chinese Malaysian author of short fiction and literary scholar who lives in Taiwan. Born in Johor, Ng migrated to Taiwan to attend Taiwan University in 1989. After earning his doctorate from Tsinghua University, Ng became professor of Chinese literature at National Chinan University. Despite residing and publishing in Taiwan, Ng’s short fiction is largely set in Southeast Asia. His stories explore language and literary history, interethnic and religious politics, indigenous and diasporic nationalism, exile, migration and hybridity. As the winner of several Chinese literary awards, Ng’s short fiction is highly ironic, satirical and farcical.

Large container vessels are known to vibrate heavily in head sea storms due to its flexible hull girder, pronounced bow flare and high vessel speeds. Strong vibrations are mainly excited by bow impacts causing transient vibrations referred to as whipping. This whipping response increases both fatigue and extreme loading. Further resonance vibration by springing response is also well known to contribute to increased fatigue loading. On these large container vessels it may however not be only the vertical vibration mode that is excited but also horizontal and torsional vibrations (coupled). The current paper describes the measurement system installed on a vessel operating between East Asia and Europe. Sensors for global loading, local loading and transverse hatch opening distortions are supplemented by navigational and environmental data. The system is an extended hull monitoring system analyzing data onboard and providing decision support onboard as well as providing statistical and time series of data to shore for further assessment. The measurements confirm that the fatigue loading of critical details are dominated by the vibrations, and that the fatigue loading level in deck in a storm is higher than ever measured before, also leading to high extreme loads above IACS rule values. The full scale measurements do to some degree confirm previous model tests of the same vessel, but the real vessel has been operated at reduced speeds. So far the fatigue loading on this route is at a comfortable level, partly due to reduced speeds, but also the encountered sea states may be less severe than the route specific scatter diagram. The loading may however increase if the vessel speed is increased, and the loading may become uncomfortable high if the vessel is put on a more harsh trade like North Pacific (or North Atlantic). Also torsional and horizontal vibrations are observed, but the transverse hatch opening distortions are moderate. Stern slamming is not measured to any significant degree, but bow flare slamming is measured in the storms. Side shell fatigue loading is at a comfortable level due to the CSA-2 notation involving direct hydrodynamic load calculations in the design introducing a sufficient safety margin against fatigue cracks. Vibration is however contributing significantly also in the side shell. Only a few storms have been encountered so far. The fatigue damage is concentrated amidships and the affect of warping in front of the superstructure does not increase the fatigue loading to a level of concern.

The musical education systems based on technology are well-known in Europe and especially in Asia and The United States of America. The countries with the most numerous online systems of musical education are Japan, Israel and The United States of America. In Romania these systems are much more modest with two universities where the system is implemented at higher education level, namely at Gh. Dima Music Academy in Cluj Napoca and Spiru Haret University in București (The Faculty of Music). Here, with all the progress that has been made, we cannot talk about notable performances in the field. At primary and secondary levels (in state schools or private schools) there are no schools where this system is used, not even partially. This paper is a research in the field comparing the level of digital musical educationin Romania and other countries, the benefits of implementing this type of musical education and the inconveniences of the eLearning musical education system in Romania. The present paper deals mainly with electronic and digital systems built in classical pipe organs, initially, in the key action and later in the stop action. Especially in the registration systems, the application of electronic and digital systems to the combination action revolutionized the organ building, the latest developments in digital technologies and systems that are used today in the manufacturing of musical instruments, especially in classical pipe organs. The sampling technology (based on pre-recordings) would necessitate, ideally, storing of significant amounts of audio material. Out of practical concerns, because of the cost factor, but also because of the technical limitations of the systems used, a compromise is usually made. More specifically, the sound recordings are very short, the sound is played back in a loop, the attack phase is synthesized and not the real attack of the pipe, there are no recordings for each individual note but only for a few notes in an octave (from one up to three or four), the others are obtained by applying digital signal processing. All these techniques are lowering the quality potential of the digital organs.

В статье прослеживается история Фанагории с середины 3 в., когда жизнь Боспорского царства, в состав которого входила Фанагория, была нарушена вторжением племенных союзов готов, до конца 7 столетия, когда Боспор захватили хазары, и в истории Фанагории начался новый период. Сопоставляются сведения, содержащиеся в письмен - ных источниках и эпиграфических памятниках, данные археологии и нумизматики. История Фанагории рассматривается на фоне политической и экономической ситуации в Северном Причерноморье. Уточнение хронологии ключевых групп материала и ряд новых находок позволили пересмотреть даты некоторых важных событий в истории города. В середине 3 в. относительно спокойная жизнь Боспорского царства была нарушена появлением племенных союзов готов и других восточногерманских народов, которые в 255 г. по суше достигли Боспора и, переправившись через Меотиду, разорили хору каких-то городов и разгромили Танаис. С берегов Меотиды готы в течение двадцати лет совершали практически ежегодные морские и сухопутные набеги на римские владения в Причерноморье и Восточном Средиземноморье. Поскольку европейская сторона, пострадавшая при готских вторжениях, не могла предоставить необходимый провиант и корабли, подготовка этих походов была возможна только при использовании ресурсов городов и хоры азиатской половины Боспорского государства. Именно в города Азиатского Боспора, в том числе Фанагорию, «скифы» свозили награбленное добро, ставшее источником подъема экономики Боспорского царства. После разгрома германцев в 276 г. на Боспоре наступает относительно спокойный период. Правители Боспора контролируют прежнюю территорию, в том числе Азиатский Боспор. В последней четверти 3–4 вв. оживляется сильно нарушенная германцами экономика Боспора, в которой, как свидетельствует нумизматический материал, преобладает его азиатская сторона, где развернулась активная строительная деятельность. В частности, в Фанагории ко времени не ранее конца 3–4 вв. н. э. относится строительство портовых сооружений; несколько меняется облик города: на месте богатых общественных сооружений появляются крупные винодельческие комплексы и жилые дома. Следы разрушений и пожаров, выявленные на различных поселениях Таманского полуострова, и клады, сокрытые не ранее 341–342 гг., говорят о внезапной атаке, возможно, каких-то северокавказских племен. Однако Фанагория, по-видимому, избежала разгрома: город сохраняет территорию в прежних границах и продолжает оставаться крупным ремесленным и торговым центром. В какой-то момент жизнь города была прервана неким событием, оставившим после себя следы разрушений и пожара, выявленные в нескольких районах города. Боль шинство исследователей связывает это разрушение с нашествием гуннов и относит ко времени правления императора Валента (364–378). Однако на основе анализа данных письменных источников и состава комплекса керамики из слоя пожара и комплексов, связанных с расчисткой города перед новым строительством, оно может быть датировано временем около середины 5 в., хотя виновника этих разрушений определить не удается. Приблизительно в это же время прекращают существование Кепы, Батарейка I и II, Красноармейское, Каменная батарейка. Остались лишь крупные города – Фанагория и Гермонасса и, может быть, какие-то производственные центры. В результате описанных событий территория города несколько сократилась: строительные остатки, которые можно было бы датировать временем после первой половины 5 в., не прослежены на юго-восточной и юго-западной окраине города. Однако в централь - ной части нижнего и верхнем плато города жизнь возобновляется довольно быстро. В конце 5 или начале 6 в. Боспорское царство входит в сферу влияния Византийской империи. Однако период относительной стабильности под крылом Византии в Фанагории по сведениям письменных источников и данным археологии внезапно обрывается в середине 6 в. С одной стороны, упоминание о разрушении Фанагории и Кеп Прокопием Кесарийским в книге VIII «Истории войн», законченной в 554 году, а с другой, – комплекс керамики, открытый в слое пожара на раскопах «Береговой стратиграфический» и «Нижний город», и особенно недавние находки на последнем двух солидов Юстиниана I 545–565 гг., позволяют датировать слой разрушения временем не ранее 545 года, но не позднее 554 года. Складывается впечатление, что после этих событий жизнь в Фанагории на какое-то время замирает: отмечается отсутствие материалов второй половины 6–7 вв. на некрополе Фанагории, а в коллекции краснолаковой керамики из раскопок города – поздних форм. Но вый период истории города начинается, по-видимому, около 665 г., когда Боспор захватили хазары. Именно с ними связано появление на месте сгоревших домов построек, возведенных в технике «елочка», характерной для хазарских памятников второй половины 7–10 вв. The article traces the history of Phanagoria from the middle of the 3rd century, when the life of the Bosporan kingdom, Phanagoria being its part, was disturbed by the invasion of Gothic tribes, till the late 7th century, when Bosporos was occupied by the Khazars, the event which opened a new period of its history. Here we compare information from written sources, epigraphic documents, numismatics and archaeology. The history of Phanagoria is considered against the background of the political and economic situation in the North Black Sea area. The verification of chronology of the principal groups of materials and a number of new discover ies allows to reconsider the dates of certain important events in the history of the city. In the middle of the 3rd century the relatively peaceful life of the Bosporan kingdom was disturbed by the appearance of Gothic tribes and other East Germanic peoples, who in 255 reached Bosporos and after crossing Lake Maeotis ravaged the suburban areas of several cities and destroyed Tanais. From the Maeotic banks in the course of twenty years the Goths raided Ro man territories in the North Black Sea area and the East Mediterranean by land and sea. As the European side much affected by Gothic invasions could not provide supplies and ships, the provision of these raids was possible only by the use of resources obtained from the Eastern half of the Bosporan state. The cities of the Asian Bosporos including Phanagoria became the stores where ‘the Scythians’ concentrated their loot, which ensured the economic development of the Bosporan kingdom. After the defeat of the Germans in 276 followed a relatively peaceful period. The Bosporan rulers controlled their initial territory, including the Asian Bosporos. In the last third of the 4th century the Bosporan economy affected by German invasions revives significantly. Numismatic data testifies to the development of its Asiatic part, where building activities were noticeable. In Phanagoria in particular, by the late 3rd – 4th centuries its sea-port was reconstructed and in the whole appearance of the city there were important changes: rich public buildings were replaced by large wineries and dwelling houses. Ruins and traces of fire revealed at different settlements of the Taman Peninsula, hoards hidden not earlier than 341–342 tell of some unexpected attack, possibly by certain North Caucasian tribes. Phanagoria evidently avoided destruction. The city retained its original borders and continued as a prominent center of trade and industry. At some point, the life of the city was interrupted by some event, leaving traces of destruction and fire visible in its several districts. Most scholars connect this event with the coming of the Huns in the reign of Emperor Valens (364–378). However, written sources and sets of pottery from burnt layers connected with the removal of ruins before the reconstruction of the city point Л. А. Голофаст 44 to the time around mid–fifth century, even though they do not define those guilty of the event. Approximately at the same time disappear such settlements as Kepoi, Batareika I and II, Krasnoarmeiskoe, Kamennaya Batareika. Only large cities survived – Phanagoria and Hermonassa and probably some industrial centres. The events described above reduced the territory of the city: there are no traces of building activity in the South-East and South-West districts. But in the central part of the lower plateau and upon the upper one the city-life revived quickly. In the late 5th or the early 6th century the Bosporan kingdom became involved into the Byzantine sphere of influence. However, the period of relative stability under the Byzantine protection was suddenly interrupted in the middle of the 6th century. Procopius mentions the destruction of Phanagoria and Kepoi in the eighth book of his “History of Wars” accomplished in 554. On the other hand the sets of pottery from the strata of ruins and fire from the “Shore stratigraphic” trench and the “Lower city” trench as well as recent finds in the last one of two solidi of Justinian I (545–565) allow to date the strata to the time not earlier than 545 but not later than 554. It looks like after these events any active life in Phanagoria stopped for a while: there are no materials of the second half of the 6th – 7th centuries from the city necropolis, no finds of later forms of red-ware pottery from the city. A new period in the history of the city began around 665, when Bosporos was occupied by the Khazars. That was the time when burnt structures were re placed by buildings constructed after the opus spicanti technique characteristic of the 7th – 10th century Khazar architecture.