Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Arvoredo (Firm : São Paulo, Brazil)”

After the deregulation of the sugar and alcohol sector, the decision on the location and scale of processing units was transferred to the private sector. Given the competition, the search for raw materials increased substantially and became the key variable in determining the viability of plants. The neoclassical microeconomics indicates that the increase in capacity is the result of a decision to maximize the outcome of firms, especially considering the industrial economies of scale. However, the theory of industrial organization, raises the possibility of the decision on the installed capacity be affected by the competitive strategy of the firm, leading to raise barriers to entry. Thus, plants located in regions with greater competition for sugarcane would work with higher levels of idle capacity, as deterrent to entry of new units. Using techniques of geo-referencing, the research shows that in the traditional sugarcane areas, the installed capacity in recent years far exceeds the availability of raw material. Thus, it is unlikely that plants installed in these regions are operating in an ìoptimalî level grinding. Gains force the hypothesis that excess capacity has the role to impose barriers to entry despite the reduced efficiency of the plants

Signs of improvement in the early twentieth-century Brazilian economy enabled a process of urban renewal. One of the most visible features of Brazilian urban modernization was street and house lighting, as well as electricity for tramways and industry. Conflicts between the Canadian company Light and the Brazilian firm CBEE over the supply of urban electricity to Brazil's main economic centers—Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, and Salvador—mirror the contradictions in the country's capitalist formation during the first decades of the twentieth century. From an emerging market view, and through political debates, this article addresses the development of electric utilities in major Brazilian cities.

The immature and adult stages of a new species of the genus Oukuriella Epler, 1986 from the Southeast of Brazil are described. The larvae, reared in laboratory to obtain adults, were obtained from submerged wood collected in a reservoir situated in the Jataí Ecological Station (Luiz Antônio, SP). According to Messias et al. (2000) the genus is composed of three species group. The adults of this new species congregate morphological characteristics of the Oukuriella - second group, which is characterised by wings without markings, abdominal tergites with setal tufts and gonostylus broad, 1,5x longer than gonocoxite, but is distinguished by different thoracic and abdominal pigmentation. This is the first description of female for the Oukuriella second group. The immature forms aggregate the same characteristics of O. intermedia, the one species whose pupae and larvae are known. The strongly hardly mental and mandibular teeth sees to indicate the ability to scrape and to shred firm surface as submerged wood, substrate where were collected.

The Brazilian consumption of flowers and ornamental plants reproduces the main typical conditions of developing countries, which it shares with other nations of Latin America, Asia and Africa. These include low per capita consumption rates, the centralization of purchases in a few traditional items, and the concentration of demand on dates and special occasions of the national calendar of celebrations. However, in recent decades, strong growth rates have been observed for this sector, signaling a potent and promising market for producers, wholesalers, retailers, floral designers, landscapists and other professionals working in the floral segment. This article analyzes original quantitative research data applied throughout Brazil, from 2014 to 2016, by the market intelligence firm Hórtica Consultoria and by the Union of the Retail Trade of Flowers and Ornamental Plants of the State of São Paulo (Sindiflores), revealing preferences, habits, practices and tendencies for the consumption of flowers and ornamental plants in Brazil.

A partir do começo do século 19, o Brasil abrigou fundições tipográficas habilitadas a manufaturar ou comercializar todo tipo de material utilizado nas oficinas tipográficas, entre elas encontra-se a Fundição de Typos Henrique Rosa, do Rio de Janeiro, e Funtimod – Fundição de Tipos Modernos, de São Paulo. Recentemente, as duas autoras deste artigo desenvolveram pesquisas com foco na firma carioca. Enquanto Edna Lucia Cunha Lima estava interessada na narrativa da família Rosa, Isabella Ribeiro Aragão intencionava responder questões comerciais, levantadas durante sua pesquisa doutoral sobre a Funtimod. Este artigo, portanto, visa contribuir com a história da tipografia no Brasil por meio da relação dos resultados dos estudos realizados, respectivamente, no Rio de Janeiro e Recife.*****Since the beginning of the 19th century, Brazil has housed type foundries qualified to manufacture or commercialize all types of material used at printing workshops, among them the Fundição de Typos Henrique Rosa, from Rio de Janeiro, and Funtimod – Fundição de Tipos Modernos, from São Paulo. Recently, the two authors of this paper have developed researches with interest in the carioca firm. While Edna Lucia Cunha Lima was interested in the story of the Rosa family, Isabella Ribeiro Aragão intended to answer commercial questions raised during her doctoral research on Funtimod. This paper, therefore, aims to contribute to the history of typography in Brazil by the results of the studies carried out, respectively, in Rio de Janeiro and Recife.

Disclosure transparency is one of the pillars of good corporate governance. Moreover, the digital age has produced a dramatic shift in the corporate communication paradigm. As a result, companies increasingly use the Internet as a means of disseminating and disclosing financial information to shareholders, analysts and other interested capital market participants. This research examines the determinants of voluntary disclosure of financial information on the Internet by Brazilian firms. Cross-sectional analyses based on 291 non-financial companies listed on the São Paulo Stock Exchange in 2002 indicate that both firm size and the quality of corporate governance are positively related to the level of voluntary disclosure of financial information on the Internet. These results are consistent with the notion that Brazilian firms with incentives to improve financial transparency disclose more financial information on the Internet. Compared to similar Internet disclosures of U.S.-domiciled companies, this study finds that corporate governance is an incremental determinant of Internet financial disclosure for Brazilian enterprises

This paper presents an analysis of the technological efforts made by Transnational Corporations' (TNCs) affiliates in Brazil. Many studies have indicated that most TNCs concentrate their main technological activities in their home, developed countries. However, empirical investigation has shown TNC affiliates in Brazil have presented a higher profile than local firms in terms of both innovative performance and R&D efforts. This study is an attempt to examine the technological efforts of TNC affiliates in Brazil and their main determinants, considering the recent changes in TNC strategies for global organization of production and technological activities. The study is based on data analysis from 450 firms controlled by foreign capital operating in São Paulo State in 1996. The database was taken from the first PAEP - Pesquisa da Atividade Econômica Paulista -, which comprises not only economic indicators, but also includes an innovation survey based on OECD guidelines. Using multivariate techniques, we have identified distinct strategies of TNCs subsidiaries in regard to technological activities, which reflect different technological effort patterns. In addition, the article reveals that such diversity of technological strategies has been influenced by the size of firms, the industrial sector to which the firm belongs and the nationality of foreign capital, in this order.

The literature indicates that, mainly in countries with high stock concentration, the ownership structure is an important internal mechanism of control of the corporate governance, with effects in the companies’ value and performance. In Brazil, the existing relationship among corporate governance - ownership structure - performance is still not conclusive. The present study investigates if there is any relationship among ownership structure, financial performance and value in the Brazilian nonfinancial public companies with stocks negotiated in the São Paulo Stock Exchange, between the period of 1997 to 2001, as well as the determinant of the level of concentration of the ownership in these companies. In the empiric investigation it was used a multiple regression analysis through the estimators of the Ordinary Least Squares with heteroscedasticity in accordance with White (1980). Concerning the used methodology, the results indicate that the variables of ownership structure as defined do not have influence on the financial performance and value of the companies. Remaining to the determinant of the ownership structure of the Brazilian non-financial public companies, the results indicate that the ownership structure can be explained by the size of the firm, market instability and regulation, being the latter the main determinant of the ownership structure.

Numbers show how important is a mechanical workshop, it is one of the main economics activities of Brazil´s services sector. Due this big quantity and the type of work, we can say that this kind of firm are a big generating of solid waste, and the most important, some of this waste have a large amount of toxic compounds. Therefore, the management and the discard must be done correctly, so there is no effect in the employee´s health and do not contaminate the environment. This work has analyzed a study in one case in Vila Mariana, São Paulo-SP, to diagnose measure and quantify the generation of this waste and your management in a small workshop. After the identification of the wastes they were classified after NBR-10.004 da ABNT, with the purpose of make it easier to analysis. It can be observed a several mistakes in the management of this workshop, in all of the stages, collection, handling, storage, transportation and final discard. It was observed that the management of the wastes is ineffective and problematic, and must be improved through more sector agreements, given the necessary importance for the correct management.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide evidence that firms that are more committed to internationalization, systematically differ from firms that are less committed to internationalization in their future intention to engage in foreign direct investment (FDI). The authors analyzed data from 42 large Brazilian multinational enterprises (MNEs) and found that results support previous research on the degree of satisfaction with prior internationalization efforts and future intent to internationalize, such that the relationship between the two is positive. Yet contrary to existing literature, the degree to which a firm was committed to internationalization has a negative influence on the positive relationship between satisfaction and intent. Design/methodology/approach – All Brazilian firms that have entered foreign markets via FDI were surveyed to measure the firm’s: intent to internationalize; satisfaction with prior internationalization; and commitment to internationalization. Intent to internationalize is future based while both satisfaction and commitment reflect previous year’s activities. The potential response pool included publically traded companies listed on the Bovespa (São Paulo Stock Exchange) and private limited companies (Ltda.). The authors conducted a hierarchical moderated regression analysis to test the moderating effect of commitment to internationalization on the relationship between international satisfaction and intent to internationalize. Findings – This study adds to the literature by examining how past international satisfaction and commitment affect the future intent to internationalize for large Brazilian MNEs. The results confirm that the degree of past satisfaction regarding a firm’s international business is positively related to the firm’s future intent to internationalize. However, the results diverge from past research in two important ways. First, contrary to the organizational behavior literature, past commitment to internationalization does not have a significant relationship with future intention to internationalize. Second, the results show the relationship between satisfaction and intent is weakened by a high degree of international commitment. Research limitations/implications – A limitation of this study is the small sample size. While it encompasses the vast majority of large MNEs in Brazil, the authors still do not have enough data points to test more hypotheses such as the effects of firm size, number of countries the firm is in, and age of the firm. Future studies should attempt to expand the work done here by examining these effects. Another limitation of this study is that it is based on solely one country; Brazil. Future studies should attempt to replicate these findings in other emerging market countries. Practical implications – These results have three main managerial implications. First, international strategists analyzing the trajectory of a firm’s future intentions to internationalize should focus on how satisfied the firm has been with its past efforts. Second, managers should not assume that just because their firms have a large presence abroad that this will subsequently lead to future plans to internationalize. Finally, for emerging market MNEs in a period of the financial crises, committing more to internationalization may reduce the positive relationship between satisfaction and intention. Originality/value – The purpose of this study is to add to the small but growing work on large MNEs from Brazil in order to better understand their internationalization strategies. While there are literally hundreds of articles investigating the individual-level relationship between satisfaction and the intent to do something, there are a dearth at the firm level (see Wood et al., 2011, as a notable exception). The authors therefore attempt to extend the literature on internationalization by discussing how satisfaction at the firm level affects a firm-level decision.