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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Art consumption behavior"
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Bornhofen, Stefan, Vincent Gardeux i Andréa Machizaud. "From Swarm Art Toward Ecosystem Art". International Journal of Swarm Intelligence Research 3, nr 3 (lipiec 2012): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jsir.2012070101.
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Swarm intelligence deals with the study of collectively intelligent behavior that emerges from a decentralized system of non-intelligent individual agents. The concept is widely used in the fields of simulation, optimization or robotics, but less known in the domain of generative art. This paper presents the swarm paradigm in the context of artistic creation, and more particularly explores the interest of enhancing swarm models with dynamics inspired from natural ecosystems. The authors introduce an energy budget to the agents of a swarm system, and show how mapping the energy level to visual information such as line width or color, combined with mechanisms such as resource chasing and consumption, enriches the search space of possible images. Moreover, the authors highlight that the approach allows the user to partially control the creation process of the drawings. The authors argue that the exploration of ecosystem dynamics in generative systems may open up novel artistic opportunities and shift the perspective from swarm art toward ecosystem art.
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Arowoiya, Victor Adetunji, Adetayo Olugbenga Onososen, Robert Christian Moehler i Yihai Fang. "Influence of Thermal Comfort on Energy Consumption for Building Occupants: The Current State of the Art". Buildings 14, nr 5 (7.05.2024): 1310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14051310.
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Thermal comfort is a complex issue in the built environment due to the physiological and psychological differences of each individual in a building. There is a growing worry over the environmental implications of energy use as a result of the warming of the global climate and the growth in the number of instances of extreme weather events. Many review articles have been written, but these reviews have focused on a specific aspect of occupant behavior and thermal comfort. To research the trends of thermal comfort and energy, this research adopted mixed reviews, i.e., quantitative and qualitative, to understand the state-of-the-art factors affecting the thermal comfort of occupants concerning energy, different occupant modeling approaches, functions, and limitations. The in-depth qualitative discussion provides deeper insights into the impacts of occupant behaviors, factors affecting thermal comfort, and occupant behavior modeling approaches. This study classified occupant behaviors into five categories: occupant characteristics, perceptions of the occupant, realistic behaviors, heat gain, and occupant interactions with the system. It also went further to classify the factors affecting the thermal comfort of users based on past works of literature. These include structural, environmental, and human factors. It was concluded that factors that have the most significant impact on energy are human, structural, and environmental factors, respectively. In addition, most of the occupant behavior modeling approaches that have been used in past studies have pros and cons and cannot accurately predict human behaviors because they are stochastic. Future research should be conducted on thermal comfort for different building functions by examining the varied activity intensity levels of users, especially in educational or commercial buildings. Additionally, a proper investigation should be carried out on how thermal insulation of structural members influences thermal comfort. These should be compared in two similar buildings to understand occupant behavioral actions and energy consumption.
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Reid-Partin, Kristi, i Veena Chattaraman. "Social Comparisons and Compensatory Consumption: The Art of Buying a Superior Self". Sustainability 15, nr 22 (15.11.2023): 15950. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152215950.
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This paper examines how consumers’ body satisfaction, beliefs about the malleability of their appearance, and incidental comparisons with upward vs. lateral social media influencers interact to affect the type of consumption behaviors they engage in. Based on propositions of the compensatory consumption behavior (CCB) model and the social comparison theory, this study employs an online experiment with a 2 (social comparison: upward/lateral) × 2 (body satisfaction: low/high) × 2 (implicit theory: entity/incremental) × 2 (product type: head- and body-related) mixed-factorial design among a sample of 192 women (19–35 years). The appearance of the influencers was manipulated (upward: thinner, primped models; lateral: average weight, natural models), as were the products being advertised, whereas body satisfaction and consumers’ implicit theory were measured. The results indicated that consumers were more persuaded to purchase products from lateral compared to upward influencers. Further, lateral influencers were more persuasive for head-related (vs. body-related) products, whereas upward influencers were more successful in promoting body-related (vs. head-related) products. A significant (p < 0.05) interaction between body satisfaction, implicit theory of appearance, and product type also emerged, supporting the proposals of the CCB model on how consumption behaviors are affected by felt discrepancies. These findings indicate that marketers can access more effective marketing results by collaborating with influencers that have a similar appearance to that of their target audience.
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Hu, Yufei. "Comparison of the State-of-art Big Data Analysis and Conventional Prediction for Consumer Behavior". BCP Business & Management 38 (2.03.2023): 1672–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v38i.3951.
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Big data analysis is a reflection of the transformation of ways to receive information via the Internet. It also affects consumer behavior analysis, which varies from conventional consumer behavior models. This paper summarizes the development of consumer behavior models and compares consumer behavior models based on big data analysis with traditional consumer behavior prediction models. The advantages and disadvantages of them are discussed and relevant suggestions for big data analysis are raised. According to the analysis, the application of big data analysis on consumer behavior shows its superiority in efficiency, sample size and supportive database. Additionally, it successfully adapts to the transformation of the era of information. Consumer behavior models in the current society are more associated with big data analysis and consumption ability of residents. It is valuable to give an overview of what big data has brought to consumer behavior study, how consumption ability has increased in the context of big data, so as to stimulate the growth of consumer behavior study.
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Zhong, Zirui. "Big Data Analysis for Contemporary Consumer Behavior". BCP Business & Management 23 (4.08.2022): 779–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v23i.1440.
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With the popularization and application of the Internet, human beings start shopping on the Internet. Compared with offline shopping, the Internet will provide more choices and convenience. When more kinds of commodities come into the consumer's field of vision, the process of consumers' selection of commodities will generate a large amount of data. By analyzing the data of consumers' selection of goods, one can obtain the consumption habits of consumers. Massive amounts of data are analyzed, and value is generated. The emergence of new consumption patterns has led to changes in the consumption environment of consumers. This paper summarizes and demonstrates the recent state-of-art reports focusing on consumer behavior based on big data techniques. According to the analysis, big data helps the market to sell faster and easier but leads to consumer privacy concerns. In summary, this paper gives the impact of big data applications on consumer behavior and suggestions. These results shed light on guiding further exploration of consumer behavior investigation.
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KUZU, Ekin Su, i Ata Yakup KAPTAN. "CHANGING PARADIGMS IN ART AND DESIGN AS A CONSUMPTION OBJECT". TURKISH ONLINE JOURNAL OF DESIGN ART AND COMMUNICATION 11, nr 2 (1.04.2021): 476–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.7456/11102100/010.
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In this research, the paradigms changing with globalization on the consumer society, capitalism and information systems; it aims to examined through art and design as a consumption object / commodity. In the research, as a tool of the consumer society, new theories and searches that emerged with the globalization process will be presented in terms of their reflections on art and design. Art and design as a consumption object, consumer behavior, cultural formation, populism, branding etc. observed that it evolves continuously with such concepts. The concept of value that creates this motion, it is shaped around the society in the tendency to commodify. From this perspective; the main problem of the research, is the understanding of Art/ Design as a consumption object, it is shaping by changing paradigms in the social process. As a result, the determination of cultural and social norms in the formation of the consumer society seems to be very important in terms of access to the masses. In this context, to be shape or object of the time period we live in, so how to commodify, it varies according to the formation of paradigms in the process. The research, presented to the subject from this perspective, theoretically it is predicted to contribute to the literature to a great extent.
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Coman, Iuliana. "ART CONSUMPTION DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: INFLUENCE UPON THE SENTIMENT OF LIFE FULFILMENT". Business Excellence and Management S.I., nr 1 (15.10.2020): 112–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/beman/2020.s.i.1-09.
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Art has been present in our life since the beginning of the humanity, participating to the evolution of society and at the same time reflecting the different stages of human evolution. The aim of this paper is to offer a short analysis regarding the art consumption during the Covid-19 crisis presenting several convictions, perceptions and influences which are manifesting in the art consumers behavior. The research analyzed the influences of art upon the feeling of life fulfilment and upon convictions regarding the capacity of art to influence the life of society. The analysis is performed using data obtained from an experimental survey on a sample of 200 persons with higher education in the south of Romania. Data were analyzed using SPSS and Microsoft Excel and contain descriptive tables. The analysis took into consideration the comparisons of the results obtained using different statistical methods. Following the analysis, it was concluded that the consumption of art continued during Covid-19 crisis, the frequency of art consume were rather high due to the availability of various Internet platforms: 75% of respondents consume at least weekly movies on Internet platforms like Netflix or HboGo; 34% of respondents consume weekly theater on Internet platforms (online TV stations, plays broadcast online, others); 73% of respondents consume at least weekly music on Internet platforms (online TV stations, music broadcast online, others). Another conclusion of the research is that the presence of art manifests influences upon the sentiment of life fulfilment and upon the convictions regarding the capacity of art to participate to the consolidation of society.
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Lee, Eun-Sun, i Jae-Nam Lee. "Impact of Nail Service Consumers’ Awareness on Consumption Value Pursuit Depending on DISC Behavior Types". Korean Society of Beauty and Art 24, nr 3 (20.09.2023): 147–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18693/jksba.2023.24.3.147.
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Nail and beauty industry requires the approach for stable management and attraction of customers due to quantitative expansion of the industry and market competition becoming more fierce. This study aims to identify the impact of nail service consumption awareness on consumption value pursuit depending on DISC behavior types and to supply the information useful for nail and beauty industry as well as to establish the marketing strategies for sustainability and continuing growth in the nail and beauty market. Data (total 342 questionnaires) was collected from customers in 20s to 50s using nail art shops in Seoul and analyzed using SPSS WIN 20.0 statistics package program. The analysis identified the significant difference between the nail service consumption awareness and consumption value pursuit depending on DISC behavior types of consumers and the correlation between nail service consumption awareness and consumption value pursuit. Furthermore, DISC behavior types (Dominance, Influence, Steadiness, Conscientiousness) showed difference per variable and nail service consumption awareness (functionality, mentality, popularity, individuality) and consumption value pursuit (functional, social, emotional, rare). In conclusion, the analysis results of this study may help enhancing customers’ satisfaction and continuing growth of nail and beauty industry as being used for establishing the differentiated marketing strategies and custom services.
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Xiao, Kunliang. "Big Data Analysis in Consumer Behavior: Tourism, Household Energy and Mobile Payment". Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 88 (29.03.2024): 375–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/n4xdph68.
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As a matter of fact, with the improvement of people's living standard, research on consumer behavior is increasingly emerging. Among them, the use of big data to study consumer behavior has become an important part of today's consumer research. With this in mind, through the study of big data in three specific aspects (i.e., tourism consumption, household energy consumption, as well as mobile payment consumption), this article compares the models of big data in studying consumer behavior. According to the analysis, it reflects the high efficiency, speed, and convenience of big data. In addition, the implementation of big data analysis is feasible in the consumer behavior analysis. At the same time, the current limitations for the state-of-art applications and models are analyzed and demonstrated. In the meantime, the future prospects and improvement suggestions are proposed accordingly. Overall, these results shed light on guiding further exploration of consumer analysis in terms of the big data techniques.
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Ma, Zhipeng, Bo Nørregaard Jørgensen i Zheng Grace Ma. "A Scoping Review of Energy-Efficient Driving Behaviors and Applied State-of-the-Art AI Methods". Energies 17, nr 2 (19.01.2024): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17020500.
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The transportation sector remains a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. The understanding of energy-efficient driving behaviors and utilization of energy-efficient driving strategies are essential to reduce vehicles’ fuel consumption. However, there is no comprehensive investigation into energy-efficient driving behaviors and strategies. Furthermore, many state-of-the-art AI models have been applied for the analysis of eco-friendly driving styles, but no overview is available. To fill the gap, this paper conducts a thorough literature review on ecological driving behaviors and styles, and analyzes the driving factors influencing energy consumption and state-of-the-art methodologies. With a thorough scoping review process, thirty-seven articles with full text were assessed, and the methodological and related data are compared. The results show that the factors that impact driving behaviors can be summarized into eleven features including speed, acceleration, deceleration, pedal, steering, gear, engine, distance, weather, traffic signal, and road parameters. This paper finds that supervised/unsupervised learning algorithms and reinforcement learning frameworks have been popularly used to model the vehicle’s energy consumption with multi-dimensional data. Furthermore, the literature shows that the driving data are collected from either simulators or real-world experiments, and the real-world data are mainly stored and transmitted by meters, controller area networks, onboard data services, smartphones, and additional sensors installed in the vehicle. Based on driving behavior factors, driver characteristics, and safety rules, this paper recommends nine energy-efficient driving styles including four guidelines for the drivers’ selection and adjustment of the vehicle parameters, three recommendations for the energy-efficient driving styles in different driving scenarios, and two subjective suggestions for different types of drivers and employers.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Art consumption behavior"
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Ahola, Eeva-Katri. "Producing experience in marketplace encounters : a study of consumption experiences in art exhibitions and trade fairs /". Helsinki : Helsinki School of Economics, 2007. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0802/2007438387.html.
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Naderi, Iman. "Social Exclusion and Green Consumption". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500062/.
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Social exclusion has garnered much attention from researchers across the social sciences, especially among social psychologists. However, given the fact that social relationships and consumption are two of the central activities in daily life, there is surprisingly little research on the impact of social connection threats within the realm of consumer behavior. This study examines the effect of social exclusion on proenvironmental behavior and green consumption. More precisely, the objectives of this study are threefold. The first objective is to examine whether the findings in social psychology literature on how excluded individuals respond to exclusion when they are exposed to proenvironmental consumption behavior. The second objective of this research is to find the underlying mechanism and to rule out some of the possible explanations (e.g., mood) for this effect. The final objective of this study is to establish some of the boundary conditions (individual differences and situational factors) for the proposed effect. The hypotheses of this study were developed based on two main theoretical bases borrowed from social psychology literature: empathy-altruism hypothesis (Batson 1991) and social reconnection hypothesis (Maner et al. 2007). Overall, it was proposed that while social exclusion decreases individuals’ inclination to engage in proenvironmental activities, socially excluded people are motivated to use green consumption behaviors to establish new social bonds with others. These propositions were tested and supported across four experiments. Across these experiments, the findings demonstrated that social exclusion causes people to express lower tendency to engage in proenvironmental behaviors. The findings also consistently suggest that mood does not explain why social rejection leads to negative environmental outcomes. Additionally, social exclusion appears to cause a temporary absence of empathic concern toward others, which leads to less green behavior with altruistic motivation. Further, the role of emotional empathy as a boundary condition was tested in this study and the findings indicate that experiencing social exclusion does not negatively impact proenvironmental behavior in highly empathetic individuals. Finally, this investigation showed that when a proenvironmental behavior is perceived as an opportunity to reconnect and positive social feedback is expected from peers, socially excluded participants favor products that signal to their peers that they too are concerned about environmental issues. In addition to its contributions to consumer research and marketing, this work provides several practical implications. For instance, as established in this study, green products by default are not perceived by excluded individuals as tools that facilitate social reconnection. However, when such products are positioned properly, such individuals tend to capitalize on the social acceptability of their behavior to help them fulfill their threatened need for affiliation. The implication here is that marketers should attempt to customize their promotional strategies accordingly and direct the consumer’s attention to this covert benefit of green products.
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Bouressa, Andrea Kelly. "Conspicuous Consumption and American Political Behavior". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4817/.
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The following premise is based on the ideas of social theorists who have contributed to understanding the importance of image in society. This proposal argues that political participation is susceptible to exploitation in the form of conspicuous consumption as defined by Thorstein Veblen. The analyses that follow will test the degree to which Americans who demonstrate more traditional forms of conspicuous consumption also tend to show more activity in political venues. While the correlation of these two variables is not sufficient to demonstrate cause and effect, it may be significant enough to attract more researchers to this question: are Americans using political involvement to positively influence the way that their social status is perceived by others?
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Jonėnaitė, Ema, i Izabelle Wärja. "Are you a Mind Full or a Mindful consumer? : A case study exploring which factors influence the mindful consumption mindset and behavior of Swedish students". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-136355.
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Purpose: The purpose of the present study is to contribute to existing gap in the literature regarding mindful consumption, which is the fundamental subject of this thesis. The research is focused on the identification of factors that influence the sense of caring in Swedish student’s mindset and temperance in their behavior with respect to mindful consumption. The literature search revealed that these factors are yet to be identified. Therefore, the present study aims to contribute to existing gap in literature by exploring Swedish students’ mindful consumption and extracting the internal and external factors that influence it. Research Methodology: By conducting an in-depth case study analysis, the present research relied on the application of mindful consumption framework in order to accomplish the above-mentioned purpose of the research. The present paper was conducted by applying a qualitative research strategy. A total of six in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted and the collected data were further analyzed by applying thematic analysis method for qualitative data analysis in which the data were first coded and later these codes were analyzed and grouped together in order to develop themes that would further indicate the factors that influence the sense of caring in mindset and temperance in behavior among Swedish students. Findings: The findings have revealed that internal and external factors influence mindful consumption mindset and behavior of Swedish students. Furthermore, it was revealed that these factors highly interact which each other and together reinforce mindful consumption mindset and behavior. The findings further revealed that mindful consumption needs to be further promoted by governments, the media, lobby institutions and other organizations, especially because people view it as important and capable of contributing and changing current unsustainable consumption patterns.
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Cannon, Colleen A. "Nutritional Ecology of the Carpenter Ant Camponotus pennsylvanicus (De Geer): Macronutrient Preference and Particle Consumption". Diss., Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29447.
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The nutritional ecology of the black carpenter ant, Camponotus pennsylvanicus (De Geer) was investigated by examining macronutrient preference and particle consumption in foraging workers. The crops of foragers collected in the field were analyzed for macronutrient content at two-week intervals through the active season. Choice tests were conducted at similar intervals during the active season to determine preference within and between macronutrient groups. Isolated individuals and small social groups were fed fluorescent microspheres in the laboratory to establish the fate of particles ingested by workers of both castes.
Under natural conditions, foragers chiefly collected carbohydrate and nitrogenous material. Carbohydrate predominated in the crop and consisted largely of simple sugars. A small amount of glycogen was present. Carbohydrate levels did not vary with time. Lipid levels in the crop were quite low. The level of nitrogen compounds in the crop was approximately half that of carbohydrate, and exhibited seasonal dependence. Peaks in nitrogen foraging occurred in June and September, months associated with the completion of brood rearing in Camponotus.
In choice tests, foragers demonstrated a preference for sucrose, fructose, and glucose, the most common honeydew sugars. Sucrose was preferred over other sugars in laboratory and field tests. Consumption rates peaked at a concentration of 20%. Casein hydrolysate and processed fish products stimulated the most feeding in choice tests of protein foods. Though a variety of lipids of plant and animal origin were offered in both field and laboratory tests, they were generally ignored.
No effect of time was observed during choice tests of macronutrient preference. Overall, nitrogenous food was collected four-fold more intensively than carbohydrate, in contrast to the results obtained from examinations of the crop contents. These data suggest that accessible nitrogen is limited in the environment.
Workers readily consumed fluorescent microspheres 0.5 - 45 μm diameter. Forty-five μm microspheres were excluded from the crop. Particles 3 - 10 μm reached the crop, but were never seen in the mid- or hindguts of either major or minor workers. They also filled the infrabuccal pocket, where they were compacted into pellets. It is thought that the proventriculus contains such particles in the foregut, where they are eventually filtered from the ingluvium.
Microspheres 1 μm or less were difficult to observe in the infrabuccal pocket, suggesting that they are not as effectively sequestered as larger particles. Microspheres smaller than 1 μm were seen in the mid- and hindgut of both worker castes, indicating that particles of this size are immune to the proventricular filter. Caste exerted an effect at one μm diameter, the threshold of filtering efficiency. One μm microspheres consumed by minor workers were detected in the mid- and hindgut, whereas one μm microspheres were never detected beyond the proventriculus in major workers.Ph. D.
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Salzman, Ryan. "Understanding News Media Consumption and Political Attitudes and Behavior in Latin America". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc68043/.
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News media consumption is vital to understanding democracy in Latin America. Democracy in the region lacks consolidation that may be encouraged by the ability of news media to shape individuals' political attitudes and behaviors. Yet, we know very little about how citizens of Latin American countries consume news media or how that consumption affects attitudes and behavior. This study offers a region-wide examination of the factors that shape news media consumption and the effects of that consumption on individuals in the region. To explore this topic, I examine survey data from the 2008 Latin American Public Opinion Project in 18 Latin American countries. I argue that news media promote democratic attitudes and political behavior by increasing the symbolic value of democracy and by supplementing those symbols with information that further encourages democratic attitudes and political participation. Additionally, political behavior is not temporally proximate to political behaviors such as voting. This necessitates a mediated path for news media consumption to influence participation through political interest, civil society participation and democratic attitudes. My findings illustrate that each news medium type (TV, radio, newspaper) must be considered separately from each other type. I find that news media consumption has little effect on attitudes. The effect of news media consumption on behavior is best understood as mediated paths through political interest and civil society participation. An additional analysis examines the state of internet use in the region. In total, this project offers a broad understanding of how news media consumption affects individual-level democracy in Latin America.
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Boykin, Nancy J. (Nancy Jo). "An Exploratory Analysis of the Food Consumption Behavior of Up-scale Asian-American Consumers". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1993. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278121/.
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The first objective of this research was to identify whether Asian-Americans having higher than average levels of income and education represent an appropriate target market for four food product categories. Second, the impact of national origin membership, demographic variables, and level of acculturation on food consumption was determined. In addition, perceptions related to sensory and nutritional factors and the cultural acceptability of the products were identified and interpreted to determine if the variables differed among specific groups of Asian-American consumers.
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Bennett, Andrea Rochelle. "The Embarrassment Paradox: Encouraging Compensatory Consumption in Contexts of Immoral Inaction". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1707317/.
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This research introduces the unique context of immoral inaction—situations in which consumers have the opportunity to engage in virtuous behaviors but opt against doing so. Through five studies I demonstrate that in such contexts, embarrassment—a negatively valenced self-conscious moral emotion evoked by the perception that one's behavior is worthy of judgment by others—interacts with the use of approach-motivated coping strategies to lead consumers to engage in prosocial compensatory behaviors. Though extant literature suggests that marketers seeking to evoke prosocial behaviors should employ communications and promotions framed to elicit consumers' guilt, such studies are based in contexts whereby individuals feel guilty and/or embarrassed because of something they have done, not for something they did not do. This research suggests that that the condition of immoral inaction serves to evoke a contrasting psychological mechanism that reverses these findings, making embarrassment a more effective driver of desired outcomes when marketers seek to promote overcoming past inactions. These findings are discussed in light of their implications for research and application.
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Aitken, Robert Walter, i raitken@business otago ac nz. "Re-conceptualising television advertising typologies". University of Otago. School of Business, 2004. http://adt.otago.ac.nz/public/adt-NZDU20051020.181805.
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This thesis presents a new typology of television advertising that re-orientates existing research into advertising effectiveness and more accurately reflects new directions in communication theory. The typology provides a consumer-centric approach to analysing television advertisements and a different conceptualisation of the advertising response process.
Conventional research into advertising effectiveness has examined almost every aspect of the advertising mix to identify what makes an advertisement effective. The research is based on a number of assumptions. For example, mass communication is seen as a linear process with the advertiser at one end of a communication continuum and the consumer at the other. The function of advertising, in this reception paradigm, is to inform and then to influence the consumer and measures of its success include accuracy of recall and recognition. This process of persuasion comprises a number of hierarchical steps that should lead to purchase or to a positive propensity to purchase. The power of persuasion is related to the level of involvement between the advertised product and the potential customer and with the appropriateness of the advertised message and its execution. For example, elements such as music, humour and the use of celebrities have been studied to assess their persuasive powers and to understand their communication effects.
This thesis takes a different approach to understanding how advertising works and makes a number of different assumptions. According to this thesis, before it is possible to study the effects of advertising, it is necessary to find out how people respond to it. This introduces the three key concepts that underpin this thesis. These are reader-response theory, personal construct theory and uses and gratifications theory.
Reader-response theory suggests that the meaning and significance of any form of communication is co-created at the point of engagement. The meaning of a television advertisement, for example, is located, not in the advertisement itself, as in conventional research, but in the interaction between the advertisement and the viewer. The meanings that result in this process of negotiation are as much a reflection of personal, social and cultural experience as they are a response to particular executional and message strategies. To understand how consumers make sense of these communication texts it is necessary to study them at the point of reception.
The second key concept, personal construct theory, proposes that the way individuals make sense of their experiences and understand the world is determined by the personal constructs that they hold. Identifying these constructs will enable researchers to understand the meanings that consumers attach to communication messages and to focus more fundamentally on the psychological basis of the response process than on its individual components. Studying advertising effectiveness in the context of personal construct theory places the consumer at the centre of the response process and focuses attention on how meaning is negotiated. This has a number of important implications for practioners both in relation to the construction of television advertisements and in understanding consumers� responses to them. For example, practioners need to recognise the importance of producing television advertisements that address their audience as readers of media texts rather than merely as consumers of media products.
This re-conceptualising of the audience is clearly articulated in uses and gratifications theory, the third key concept in this study. Uses and gratifications theory, suggests that it is as important to understand what consumers do with advertising as it is to study what advertising does to consumers. This is in contrast to the emphasis on persuasion strategies in conventional advertising research.
Reader-response theory, personal construct theory and uses and gratifications theory suggest a more dynamic relationship between an advertisement and a consumer than is recognised by conventional research. These theories are encapsulated in a new typology of television advertising presented in this thesis.
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Owen, Dorian. "Money, wealth and expenditure : integrated modelling of consumption and portfolio behaviour /". Cambridge (Mass.) ; London ; New York : Cambridge university press, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37362785q.
Pełny tekst źródłaKsiążki na temat "Art consumption behavior"
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Elizabeth, Hirschman, red. The semiotics of consumption: Interpreting symbolic consumer behavior in popular culture and works of art. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1993.
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Ahola, Eeva-Katri. Producing experience in marketplace encounters: A study of consumption experiences in art exhibitions and trade fairs. [Helsinki]: Helsinki School of Economics, 2007.
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Dong, Diansheng. Promoting fruit and vegetable consumption: Are coupons more effective than pure price discounts? Washington, D.C.]: United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, 2010.
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1952-, Fornäs Johan, red. Consuming media: Communication, shopping and everyday life. Oxford: Berg, 2007.
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Lardner, Ted. Exchanges: Reading and writing about consumer culture. New York: Longman, 2001.
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1935-, Lasker G. E., International Institute for Advanced Studies in Systems Research and Cybernetics. i International Conference on Systems Research, Informatics, and Cybernetics. (10th : 1998 : Baden-Baden, Germany), red. Advances in sociocybernetics and human development: Culture of peace: design issues, peace, autonomy and freedom, contemporary effect of ideology on life & culture, art and consumption: commercial aspects, promises of information society, cyberspace technologies, geomantic design in a virtual reality environment, global information sharing, creating a sense of place for global culture, developing kind and caring behaviour in children. Windsor, Ont: International Institute for Advanced Studies in Systems Research and Cybernetics, 1998.
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Fetisch + Konsum: Fetish + consumption. Stuttgart: Akademie Schloss Solitude, 2009.
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Semiotics of Consumption: Interpreting Symbolic Consumer Behavior in Popular Culture and Works of Art. De Gruyter, Inc., 2012.
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Button, Tara. Life Less Throwaway: The Lost Art of Buying for Life. HarperCollins Publishers Limited, 2018.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Art consumption behavior"
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Frömbling, Lena, Svenja Damberg, Ulla A. Saari i Christian M. Ringle. "Predicting Sustainable Consumption Behavior of Europeans Using the CVPAT". W State of the Art in Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), 115–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34589-0_13.
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Donà, Riccardo, Konstantinos Mattas, Giovanni Albano, Sandor Váss i Biagio Ciuffo. "Stability Issues in Adaptive Cruise Control Systems and Traffic Implication". W Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 961–67. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-70392-8_135.
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AbstractAdaptive Cruise Control (ACC) systems under short headway configurations have been found to have a potentially detrimental impact on the transport network due to the string instability effect. Such phenomenon results in traffic perturbations amplification downstream causing increasing fuel consumption and posing safety threats. However, recent findings summarized in this paper show how even the simpler platoon stability might not be attained with current ACC-equipped vehicles raising additional concerns regarding their unregulated operation. In fact, as part of a recent campaign involving state-of-the-art assisted vehicles, an ACC displayed a low-frequency oscillatory behavior around the equilibrium speed. This work, by leveraging a mixed simulation/empirical approach, uncovers the harmful influences of such behavior. Ultimately, we found that despite the poor stability phenomenon might not be impactful for one vehicle, the overall repercussions on the transportation network can be dramatically detrimental raising the need for a regulatory framework for lower-level automation.
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Nikolic, Dragana, i Ian Ewart. "Going Beyond Energy Consumption: Digital Twins for Achieving Socio-Ecological Sustainability in the Built Environment". W CONVR 2023 - Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Construction Applications of Virtual Reality, 1061–71. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0289-3.106.
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Digital twins have attracted much of the attention from the researchers and policy makers as a potent industry-agnostic concept to support ambitious decarbonization goals. Consequently, much of the latest research has focused on computational methods for building and connecting digital twins to monitor and measure energy consumption and resulting emissions from buildings. At the same time, it has been recognized that achieving a truly sustainable built environment goes beyond environmental sustainability and is much more complex, calling for approaches that transcend any single discipline. Initiatives such as the National Digital Twin in the UK and globally, begin to offer a long-term vision of interconnected, purpose-driven and outcome-focused digital twins, grounded in systems thinking. Such approaches recognize the economic, social and ecological layers as critical data components in these digital ecosystems for understanding the built environment as a whole. Yet, social and ecological sustainability will remain difficult to address without involving allied disciplines and those from the realms of sociology, ecology, or anthropology in a conversation about the critical data sitting at the intersections between human behavior and technological innovation. In this paper, we review and discuss the state of the art research on digital twins to identify the disciplines dominating the narrative in the context of a sustainable built environment. We unpack a techno-rationalist view that emphasizes the sole reliance on technology for problem-solving and argue that by going beyond energy consumption and carbon emissions, digital twins can facilitate a more nuanced assessment of sustainability challenges, encompassing social equity, cultural preservation, and ecological resilience
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Nikolic, Dragana, i Ian Ewart. "Going Beyond Energy Consumption: Digital Twins for Achieving Socio-Ecological Sustainability in the Built Environment". W CONVR 2023 - Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Construction Applications of Virtual Reality, 1061–71. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/10.36253/979-12-215-0289-3.106.
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Digital twins have attracted much of the attention from the researchers and policy makers as a potent industry-agnostic concept to support ambitious decarbonization goals. Consequently, much of the latest research has focused on computational methods for building and connecting digital twins to monitor and measure energy consumption and resulting emissions from buildings. At the same time, it has been recognized that achieving a truly sustainable built environment goes beyond environmental sustainability and is much more complex, calling for approaches that transcend any single discipline. Initiatives such as the National Digital Twin in the UK and globally, begin to offer a long-term vision of interconnected, purpose-driven and outcome-focused digital twins, grounded in systems thinking. Such approaches recognize the economic, social and ecological layers as critical data components in these digital ecosystems for understanding the built environment as a whole. Yet, social and ecological sustainability will remain difficult to address without involving allied disciplines and those from the realms of sociology, ecology, or anthropology in a conversation about the critical data sitting at the intersections between human behavior and technological innovation. In this paper, we review and discuss the state of the art research on digital twins to identify the disciplines dominating the narrative in the context of a sustainable built environment. We unpack a techno-rationalist view that emphasizes the sole reliance on technology for problem-solving and argue that by going beyond energy consumption and carbon emissions, digital twins can facilitate a more nuanced assessment of sustainability challenges, encompassing social equity, cultural preservation, and ecological resilience
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Colbert, François, i Alain d’Astous. "Introduction to cultural consumption". W Consumer Behaviour and the Arts, 3–13. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429263118-2.
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Polat, Mehmet Oguz. "Aetiology of Alcohol Consumption". W Medicolegal Aspect of Alcohol, 77–91. Istanbul: Nobel Tip Kitabevleri, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69860/nobel.9786053359487.5.
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Alcohol consumption is a complex phenomenon influenced by psychological, sociological, and biological factors. Psychological theories suggest that individuals with high ego pressure, shy, introverted, and antisocial personalities are prone to alcohol use. Behavioral theories view alcohol use as a learned behavior for tension relief. Sociologically, alcohol consumption varies by cultural acceptance and accessibility. Biologically, alcohol affects the nervous system, potentially leading to addiction through genetic predispositions. Genetic studies show a higher addiction rate among relatives and twins. Environmental factors, such as family history and social influences, also play significant roles. Overall, alcohol addiction results from a combination of genetic, psychological, and environmental factors, requiring multifaceted intervention approaches.
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Hadler, Markus, Beate Klösch, Stephan Schwarzinger, Markus Schweighart, Rebecca Wardana i David Neil Bird. "The Multidimensionality of Consumption: Energy Lifestyles". W Surveying Climate-Relevant Behavior, 93–112. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85796-7_6.
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AbstractThis chapter enhances the previous understanding of Energy Lifestyles by identifying groups with distinct patterns of energy behavior across six areas of life. In contrast to most previous studies, the identification of groups is exclusively conducted on the basis of behavior-related data, whereas the characterization of the groups follows in a second step using psychological and socio-demographic variables. This chapter explicitly considers the multidimensionality of behavior and provides a comprehensive overview of different Energy Lifestyles and their potential roles in energy transition. The finding that there are almost no “average users” points out that policy designs must go beyond average figures based on the national emission figures and need to focus on different Energy Lifestyles.
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Hadler, Markus, Beate Klösch, Stephan Schwarzinger, Markus Schweighart, Rebecca Wardana i David Neil Bird. "Obstacles to Lower Environmental Impact in Low-Cost Behaviors". W Surveying Climate-Relevant Behavior, 113–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85796-7_7.
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AbstractThis chapter focuses on the question of why environmentally conscious individuals find it difficult to behave in a correspondingly eco-friendly way. This phenomenon is referred to in the literature as the “value-action gap.” In this study, the definition of this gap is further expanded by considering individual intention. The discrepancies between environmental values, intention, and behavior are explored in the context of two environmentally relevant behaviors—mobility and consumption—using qualitative interviews. Firstly, key structural and intrapersonal obstacles to pro-environmental behavior are identified. Secondly, individual needs and requirements for facilitating eco-friendly behavior are addressed. Finally, strategies and potentials for pro-environmental change in society are discussed.
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McNeill, Desmond. "Can Economics Help to Understand, and Change, Consumption Behaviour?" W Consumption, Sustainability and Everyday Life, 317–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11069-6_12.
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AbstractThis chapter assesses the contribution that economics can make to help us understand consumer behaviour and, if necessary, to try and change it. Economic theory of consumer behaviour is sophisticated and rigorous, but very limited. It excludes from consideration many of the factors which are well-recognised by other social sciences as being important. These limitations stem largely from the standard model of homo economicus. Economists are not unaware of this problem, but it is difficult to resolve it: to establish models that are tractable—for example incorporating the idea of interdependent preferences. But even simple economic theory, in which income and price are the main explanatory factors of consumer behaviour, provides the basis for potentially very effective policy instruments. If incomes fall, consumption is indeed reduced; and taxes and subsidies can substantially alter consumer behaviour. The problem is that such instruments are politically very unpopular.
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Hadler, Markus, Beate Klösch, Stephan Schwarzinger, Markus Schweighart, Rebecca Wardana i David Neil Bird. "Life-Areas and How to Estimate Greenhouse Gas Emission Footprints". W Surveying Climate-Relevant Behavior, 37–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85796-7_3.
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AbstractTo enjoy a fulfilling life, a person needs six fundamental life requirements to be met. These six requirements or “life-areas” are housing, mobility, consumption of goods (e.g., clothing), diet, other activities (entertainment), and information. In the beginning of this chapter, a top-down estimate of Austrian consumption-based emissions in each life-area is presented. These are organized into segments that may be easily reduced by changing individual behavior and those segments that are fundamental aspects of our society. The remainder of this chapter discusses how to estimate the greenhouse gas (GHG) output. There is a trade-off between accuracy and level of detail, and the need to combine bottom-up survey results with the top-down national emissions inventory. How these trade-offs may be handled is demonstrated using a practical example.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Art consumption behavior"
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LI, MENG-SHUANG. "ANALYSIS OF FAST FASHION CONSUMER BEHAVIOR FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CONSUMER SOCIETY RESEARCH". W 2021 International Conference on Education, Humanity and Language, Art. Destech Publications, Inc., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/dtssehs/ehla2021/35724.
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The advent of the consumer society and mass media era has reconstructed the way people produce and live. Based on this condition, fast fashion as a new clothing industry has been spawned and has become popular rapidly. First of all, this article analyzes the concepts of fast fashion and fast fashion consumption, in order to explore the attribution of the rise of fast fashion consumption, including the rapid development of society and economy, the urgency of stimulating people's domestic demand, the driving role of mass media and advertising, and the psychological needs of the public keep increasing and so on. In addition, Fast-food consumerism represented by fast fashion has become a symbol that distinguishes a certain class or group. This article uses the sociology of consumption as a research perspective to explore the symbolic value of fast fashion consumption. It includes four types of symbolic values, including the value of highlighting differences, the value of distinguishing social classes, the value of belonging to a social group, and the value of resolving identity crises. At last, as a summary part, this article summarizes the benefits of fast fashion consumption, and makes certain reflections and suggestions on the disadvantages of fast fashion consumption.
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Ye, HongYan. "The Influence of the Growth Environment on the Online Loan Consumption Behavior of College Students — Takes Three Universities in Dezhou as an Example". W 2021 International Conference on Public Art and Human Development ( ICPAHD 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220110.112.
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Hiesmayr, Johannes, Stephan Schmidt, Stefan Hausberger, Roland Kirchberger, Christian Zinner, Patrick Filips, Roland Wanker i Hubert Friedl. "Current Findings in Measurement Technology and Measurement Methodology for RDE and Fuel Consumption for Two-Wheeler-Applications". W JSAE/SAE Small Engine Technologies Conference & Exhibition. 10-2 Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan: Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2017-32-0041.
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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Real world operating scenarios have a major influence on emissions and fuel consumption. To reduce climate-relevant and environmentally harmful gaseous emissions and the exploitation of fossil resources, deep understanding concerning the real drive behavior of mobile sources is needed because emissions and fuel consumption of e.g. passenger cars, operated in real world conditions, considerably differ from the officially published values which are valid for specific test cycles only [<span class="xref">1</span>].</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">Due to legislative regulations by the European Commission a methodology to measure real drive emissions <b>RDE</b> is well approved for heavy duty vehicles and automotive applications but may not be adapted similar to two-wheeler-applications. This is due to several issues when using the state of the art portable emission measurement system <b>PEMS</b> that will be discussed.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">Hence, the aim of this paper is to present current experimental investigations in measurement technology and methodology for RDE and fuel consumption with measurement equipment that is used in automotive applications and was adapted for a motorcycle. Aside the installation and calibration, cross influences of these measurement instruments and side effects will be discussed. Furthermore, measurement results will be introduced as a base to subsequently evaluate real driving behavior of motorcycles and its RDE combined with fuel consumption. In this context, special measurement methods and their comparison are presented. This publication also entertains the idea of adapting the state of the art portable measurement equipment for motorcycles in terms of weight and packaging.</div></div>
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Dobrovolschi, Marina. "Entrepreneurial Behavior in the Health Tourism Market". W International Scientific Conference ”Development Through Research and Innovation - 2023”, 4nd Edition. Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/dri2023.18.
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The health tourism market includes economic sectors with different objects of activity that aim to obtain profit by increasing the number of visitors, turning them into customers, using modern marketing tools, and being one step ahead of the competition. Thus, we encounter sedentary, adaptable, or in-trend behaviors of entrepreneurs who contribute directly or indirectly through their actions to the development of medical, wellness, and SPA tourism. This study is a descriptive analysis of entrepreneurial behaviors, to present the bond between digitalization, researcher activity, sustainability, and the future of the health tourism market. The health tourism market divides players into several segments: those who provide medical services, wellness services, and SPA services, who organize the connection between the customer and the consumption of the tourist product, those who provide related services (accommodation, transport, tourist assistance, health insurance, leisure services). Their presence must be constant, interested in their power and positioning in the chain of producer and consumer. Tourism is one of the markets with fabulous growth in the last decade, with an impact on modern civilization after the pandemic. The post-pandemic period has generated a new entrepreneurial vision of the tourism product, on the presentation, promotion strategy, and sales policy to the customer, as well as the possibility of transforming the customer into a consumer. The use of modern marketing tools such as artificial intelligence, and virtual reality have created opportunities to bring to the market new tourist destinations, new medical services, and new distribution channels of tourist product, all as a result of marketing research that provides results on the needs and expectations of the final consumer, as well as how important it is to adapt organizations to these needs. The company's answer to consumer demand depends on external factors: war, pandemics, natural disasters, and legislative changes. These uncontrollable factors determine a new adaptation of companies to the needs that arise among the consumers, which will cost them positioning on the market. Human resources, as an internal factor, are the key to the relationship between the consumer and the producer of the tourist service. The market trends push companies to use digital marketing strategy, direct marketing, and state-of-the-art technologies, hoping to reduce the waiting time for the customer and create the tourist product at an optimal price. New trends determine a blend of creation and imagination with technological and economical possibilities, for new tourist services and products. Such is how new market niches have developed new market niches, such as elderly tourism, thermal tourism, water tourism or wave tourism, tourism for people with disabilities, and nutritional tourism. Unlike leisure tourists, they want to meet their specific needs during the holiday. Also, entrepreneurs, depending on their quality in the tourist process, customize their tourist products or services according to customer behaviour. Adapting entrepreneurial behaviour to new trends is necessary to cope with the environment. The reported problems, as well as global warming, water pollution, melting glaciers, increasing the immunity of the human body to antibiotics, and decreasing international safety, determine the adaptation of organizational behaviour towards sustainability, digitization, and empathy, as well as the personalization of the tourism product or service.
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Burke, Richard D. "Analysis and Modelling of the Transient Thermal Behaviour of Automotive Turbochargers". W ASME 2013 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2013-19120.
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Turbochargers are a key technology to deliver fuel consumption reductions on future internal combustion engines. However, the current industry standard modeling approaches assume the turbine and compressor operate under adiabatic conditions. Although some state of the art modeling approaches have been presented for simulating the thermal behavior, these have focused on thermally stable conditions. In this work, an instrumented turbocharger was operated on a 2.2L Diesel engine and in parallel a one-dimensional lumped capacity thermal model was developed. For the first time this paper presents analysis of experimental and modeling results under dynamic engine operating conditions. Engine speed and load conditions were varied to induce thermal transients with turbine inlet temperatures ranging from 200–800°C; warm-up behavior from 25°C ambient was also studied. Following a model tuning process based on steady operating conditions, the model was used to predict turbine and compressor gas outlet temperatures, doing so with an RMSE of 8.4°C and 7.1°C respectively. On the turbine side, peak heat losses from the exhaust gases were observed to be up to double those observed under thermally stable conditions due to the heat accumulation in the structure. During warm-up, the model simplifications did not allow for accurate modeling of compressor, however on the turbine side gas temperature predictions errors were reduced from 150°C to around 40°C. The main benefits from the present modeling approach appear to be in turbine outlet temperature prediction, however modeling improvements are identified for future work.
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Xu, Lei, Lei Hou, Yu Li, Zhenyu Zhu, Jiaquan Liu i Ting Lei. "A Hybrid PSO-BPNN Model Approach for Crude Oil Pipeline Electrical Energy Consumption Forecasting". W ASME 2020 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2020-21227.
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Abstract The electrical energy consumption forecasting for crude oil pipeline is critical in many aspects, such as energy consumption target setting, batch scheduling, unit commitment, etc. For actual crude oil pipelines, the nonlinearity of the sample is strong. The electrical energy consumption of crude pipeline is affected by many parameters, including oil physical property parameter, pipe parameter, station parameter, environmental parameter and operating parameter. At the same time, the whole process has the characteristics of intermittency and complex fluctuations. The above three main reasons make the energy consumption forecasting of crude oil pipeline complicated. In the past few years, several intelligence-based models have been introduced to accurately forecast energy consumption. Among them, back-propagation neural network (BPNN) seems to be more effective and can handle the nonlinear energy behavior and achieve accurate forecast results. However, due to its over-fitting problem, the accuracy of energy consumption forecasting will be reduced. To overcome this problem, the paper proposes a hybrid method for short-term energy consumption forecasting, namely PSO-BPNN. Back propagation neural network is integrated with particle swarm optimization to find optimal network weight. In this research, an effective technique called principal component analysis is applied to eliminate redundant noise and extract the primary characteristics of transportation data. The stratified sampling method is used to divide the training set and the test set to avoid large deviations caused by the randomness of sampling. Taking a crude oil pipeline in northeast china as a case study, SCADA system data are collected daily from December 31, 2016 to June 18, 2019. Comparing the evaluation indicators of PSO-BPNN with that of five state-of-the-art forecasting methods of GA-BPNN, SA-BPNN, DE-BPNN, FOA-BPNN, BPNN, the effectiveness of PSO-BPNN algorithm is evaluated. Compared with other five forecasting methods, the forecast results of PSO-BPNN are in best agreement with the actual data. The results indicate that the proposed PSO-BPNN model outperforms all five models used for comparison, which demonstrates its superior ability to generate forecasts in terms of forecasting accuracy.
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Muñoz, Jules R., i Michael R. von Spakovsky. "The Use of Decomposition for the Large Scale Synthesis/Design Optimization of Highly Coupled, Highly Dynamic Energy Systems: Part II—Applications". W ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-1315.
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Abstract An application of the Iterative Local-Global Optimization (ILGO) decomposition approach developed in an accompanying paper (Muñoz and von Spakovsky, 2000b) is presented. The synthesis / design optimization of a turbofan engine coupled to an environmental control system for a military aircraft was carried out. The problem was solved for a given mission (i.e. the load / environmental profile) composed of fifteen segments. The number of decision (independent) variables used for this highly non-linear optimization problem is one hundred fifty-three, some of which are integer. Both thermodynamic and physical (weight and volume) simulations use state-of-the art tools. Two objective functions were investigated: take-off gross weight and mission fuel consumption, and no observable differences were found in the final results. In addition to the mathematical foundations for global convergence of the proposed decomposition approach presented in Muñoz and von Spakovsky (2000b), numerical support for this convergence was found by solving the entire mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP) problem without decomposition using a subset of the independent variables. The constant value of the marginal costs (or linear behavior of the Optimum Response Surface — OSR) played a major role in the global convergence of the ILGO.
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Lima, Wesllen Sousa, i Eduardo J. P. Souto. "Reconhecimento de atividades humanas baseado na análise de fluxo contínuo de dados simbólicos". W Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Multimídia e Web. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/webmedia_estendido.2020.13054.
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Smartphones sensing capabilities have enabled the development of Human Activity Recognition (HAR) solutions for better understanding human behavior through computational techniques. However, these solutions have been difficult to perform in dynamic scenarios because they do not observe data evolution over time and the high consumption of computational resources, such as memory, processing and energy. This occurs because the HAR problem for smartphones has been solved through classification models generated by offline machine learning algorithms that, in this case, are limited by a data history with little information about human activities. The problem with this approach is that human activities change constantly over time and are strongly influenced by the physical environment and the user’s profile. To overcome these problems this doctoral thesis proposes a new approach to recognize human activities based on the symbolic data streaming analysis. Our approach enables the development of low-cost, scalable HAR systems capable of adapting to data change over time. In this con- text, this thesis proposes a framework called DISTAR (DIscrete STream learning for Activity Recognition), responsible for standardizing the analysis of data stream process and generation of adaptive models that observe the data evolution over time without storing a data history. The DISTAR framework uses the symbolic representation algorithms known for reducing the dimensionality and numerosity of the data. In addition, this thesis also proposes a new adaptive online algorithm, called NOHAR (NOvelty discrete data stream for Human Activity Recognition), which uses as basis the DISTAR framework. Experimental results using three databases show that NOHAR is 13 times faster compared to the state of the art and is able to reduce memory consumption by an average of 99.97.
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Haskell, Andrew, i Seyed Soltani. "Flexible Energy Harvesters for Harsh Environments: A Review". W ASME 2022 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2022-95437.
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Abstract As the power consumption requirements for the electronics decreases, the notion of powering the electric circuits by harvesting the ambient energy deems more practical. Particularly, energy harvesters could be used for powering the next-generation “flexible” microelectronics capable of being stretched, bent, twisted, and deformed without affecting their normal functionality. So far, several energy harvesters have been developed by the researchers, however, less attention has been paid to the performance of the energy harvesters in harsh i.e., hot humid, environment. Thin film technologies, used to protect the MEMS energy harvesters, continue to play a key role in the development of stretchable electronics, flexible displays, and a host of other applications. Nevertheless, movable components can be exposed to cyclic loading in these applications, which can result in fatigue failure of the MEMS device, the thin film coating, or both. While the applied coating is expected to prevent the moisture and oxygen ingress into the energy harvester hence effectively improve its fatigue life in the harsh environments, it will also add such parameters to the design as the critical permeation thickness and will possibly move the crack initiation location to the bond line between the coating and the substrate. As such, it is important to characterize the fatigue behavior of the microstructures under different loading and environmental conditions. Hence, the investigation of fatigue degradation mechanisms of thin films is linked to the reliability concerns. Particularly, extreme stress gradients and stress ratio can occur for notched and unnotched components in bending mode. The geometry and the presence of extreme stress gradient under different stress amplitude necessitate characterizing the effect of extreme stress gradients and stress ratios on microstructurallysmall crack growth behavior to address the major reliability concerns for the thin film applications. The complex behavior of short cracks is due to less crack closure effects in short cracks as well as the interaction with the surrounding microstructural features in the materials such as grain boundaries, precipitates, inclusions, and phase boundaries. In addition to the experimental studies, finite element analysis has been employed to evaluate thermal stresses and temperature distribution in the coated energy harvesters during the fatigue test. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art in fabrication and characterization in flexible energy harvesters. The aim of this literature survey is to promote creation, development and application of novel experimental approaches to answer major and currently open questions on short fatigue mechanism of microstructural materials and also to provide a deeper understanding of mechanics of coated materials.
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Böhme, Maximilian, Matthias Gerdts i Christian Trapp. "Backend-Based State-of-Charge Control as a Predictive Operating Strategy for a Serial PHEV". W 23rd Stuttgart International Symposium. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-01-1201.
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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">In previous work, a serial hybrid powertrain concept with a phlegmatised ICE has been described. Drivability is to be ensured through an innovative predictive operating strategy. Battery State-of-Charge (SoC) is controlled using a backend-based prediction of energy consumption on a given route based on road map and traffic data.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">In this paper, a spotlight is thrown on the proposed control architecture. On the top level of the controller, a Dynamic Programming algorithm finds an optimal reference trajectory for the SoC over a known route with the goal of avoiding certain Worst-Case scenarios commonly associated with the serial hybrid powertrain topology. Close adherence to the reference trajectory is ensured on a lower level through Model Predictive Control, taking into account additional factors such as battery stress. These control layers closely represent the map DATA distributed on the on-board bus network of state-of-the-art road vehicles under the current ADASIS standard. The necessary input data for the proposed controller is therefore available at no extra cost or engineering effort to OEMs. A simulation framework based on Matlab/Simulink and AVL CruiseM enables testing of the operating strategy using high-quality, open-source map DATA. Thus, the viability of the proposed control architecture is demonstrated in a selection of challenging driving scenarios on real-road speed and gradient profiles. It is shown that this quite basic prediction algorithm outperforms classical, non-predictive serial hybrid operating strategies in terms of drivability. Thus, systematic optimisation of the ICE towards high efficiency and low emissions is enabled, reducing requirements for transient behavior and high power density. Potential for future development, especially further improvements of efficiency and emissions behavior of the ICE through predictive thermal management, is also elucidated.</div></div>
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Art consumption behavior"
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Miller, Lauren. Drowning involving alcohol and drugs: 2019/20 to 2023/24. Royal Life Saving - Australia, listopad 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.62977/87209.
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Alcohol consumption is known to impair our cognitive functions, influencing behaviour and risk-perception. The Australian water safety strategy identifies alcohol and drug consumption to be a major risk factor in drowning events, highlighting the need to understand more around the characteristics of these behaviours. This brief report covers a 5-year period on all alcohol and drugs present at the time of the drowning event, broken down by demographics, and whether the alcohol and/or drugs consumed were found to contribute to the drowning event.
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McBey, David, Benjamin McCormick i Jennifer Macdiarmid. Pathways to healthy and sustainable diets: behaviour and attitudes towards meat consumption. University of Aberdeen, wrzesień 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.57064/2164/24140.
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The Scottish diet is nutritionally poor and places an unsustainable burden on the environment. One part of the solution to both problems is a dietary shift away from high- meat diets to ones that are rich in plant-based foods such as whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and seeds. However, despite efforts to shift the Scottish diet towards more healthy and sustainable diets, and some evidence that people are eating less red meat, it’s not clear the extent to which people are aware of a need for such a shift or are willing to do it. Furthermore, being aware of a need to change is only part of the process of dietary shift, and there are likely other barriers and drivers that need to be understood.
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Bando, Rosangela, i Claudia Uribe. Experimental Evidence on Credit Constraints. Inter-American Development Bank, luty 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011721.
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Credit constraints are central to development economics theory. However, there is scant direct evidence that supports the existence of such constraints. Traditional tests observe how consumption changes after an unexpected income shock. Such changes can also result from myopic behavior or precautionary savings. This study uses a randomized control trial to explore the effects of enabling savings as a tool to smooth consumption, keeping income constant. The study focuses on community instructors in Mexico. Instructors have to deal with idiosyncratic shocks and shocks related to settling in to new communities. For a group of instructors participating in this study, administrators switched 34 percent of monthly payments to quarterly payments. The switch reduced abandonment of service from 23 to 18 percent. This behavior is consistent with the standard model with credit constraints. It is not consistent with a model without credit constraints or one with myopic individuals.
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Talvi, Ernesto. Fiscal Policy and the Business Cycle Associated with Exchange Rate-Based Stabilizations: Evidence from Uruguay's 1978 and 1991 Programs. Inter-American Development Bank, listopad 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010987.
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The initial stages of exchange rate-based stabilizations have been generally characterized by a consumption boom, a deterioration of the trade balance and the current account, and an appreciation of the real exchange rate. It is only at the later stages that the economy falls into recession. Tax revenues are linked to consumption (through the VAT, sales taxes, and import tariffs), and the consumption boom should therefore generate an endogenous increase in tax revenues. Furthermore, since many countries that have attempted these programs were heavily indebted, the appreciation of the real exchange rate should generate an endogenous reduction in real interest payments. The endogenous improvement in the fiscal balance that may occur due to forces unleashed in the initial stages of an exchange rate-based stabilization program turn it into an inappropriate measure of fiscal performance. This paper documents the links between the business cycle associated with exchange-rate based stabilizations and the behavior of tax revenues, government expenditures, and the fiscal deficit.
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Berlin, Noémie, Jan Dul, Marco Gazel, Louis Lévy-Garboua i Todd Lubart. Creative Cognition as a Bandit Problem. CIRANO, maj 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/anre7929.
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This paper characterizes creative cognition as a multi-armed bandit problem involving a trade-off between exploration and exploitation in sequential decisions from experience taking place in novel uncertain environments. Creative cognition implements an efficient learning process in this kind of dynamic decision. Special emphasis is put on the optimal sequencing of divergent and convergent behavior by showing that divergence must be inhibited at one point to converge toward creative behavior so that excessive divergence is counterproductive. We test this hypothesis in two behavioral experiments, using both novel and well-known tasks and precise measures of individual differences in creative potential in middle and high school students. Results in both studies confirmed that a task-dependent mix of divergence and convergence predicted high performance in a production task and better satisfaction in a consumption task, but exclusively in novel uncertain environments. These predictions were maintained after controlling for gender, personality, incentives, and other factors. As hypothesized, creative cognition was shown to be necessary for high performance under the appropriate conditions. However, it was not necessary for getting high grades in a traditional school system.
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Pasimeni, Francesco, i Tommaso Ciarli. Reducing environmental impact through shared ownership: A model of consumer behaviour. UNU-MERIT, maj 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53330/bxen6934.
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We propose a simple model to study the conditions under which consumers prefer to purchase a good in coalition rather than individually. To identify those conditions, we study the full parameter space that defines the characteristics and preferences of heterogeneous consumers, the characteristics of the good, and the characteristics of a public service that offers the same services as the good. We find that shared ownership emerges only under niche conditions, for relatively lower income consumers with relatively higher demand. Furthermore, shared ownership is more likely to emerge if the shared good is relatively small and can be purchased in small coalition with lower coordination costs. Results are relevant to design sustainable consumption policies as they show that the diffusion of shared goods reduce the net number of goods in an economy, and therefore their environmental impact. However, we do not find any impact of shared ownership in reducing inequality in accessing goods. We show that policies that reduce the relative price of the shared purchase can accelerate the transition to a more sustainable shared consumption.
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Durán Ortiz, Mario R., i Fernanda Magalhães. Low Carbon Cities: Curitiba and Brasilia. Inter-American Development Bank, październik 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006890.
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This paper addresses the following general questions: What kind of consumption patterns (e.g., land, carbon footprint, traveling) are generated by the more compact and traditional structure of Curitiba vis-à-vis the modernist urban sprawl of Brasilia?; What kind of urban and transport policies and actions can help these cities to become less resource and carbon intensive?; and, what can city or metropolitan governments do to help cities achieve these goals? The paper will show how the carbon footprints of Curitiba and Brasilia - in regard to land use distribution and transportation - are reflected in their motorized and fuel consumption rates and will suggest what can be done in policy terms to improve the cities' performances in terms of carbon and resource efficiency. The central premise is that the shape of a city affects its energy patterns, and that there is a relationship between its urban form, block structure, size, density, and land use with its travel behavior, split transportation modes, and carbon footprint. This paper was presented at the 45th ISOCARP International Congress held in Porto, Portugal on October 18th-22nd, 2009.
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Fan, Li, i Veronica Mendizabal Joffre. The Gender Dimension of Sustainable Consumption and Production: A Microsurvey-Based Analysis of Gender Differences in Awareness, Attitudes, and Behaviors in the People’s Republic of China. Asian Development Bank, grudzień 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps200401-2.
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Using microsurveys conducted in the People’s Republic of China over the past 2 decades, this paper explores the individual preferences among men and women toward sustainable consumption and production—the concept of doing more with less and decoupling economic growth from environmental degradation. The study finds that women exhibit greener living and working habits than men. However, women—regardless of education, rural–urban setting, or age—are impacted by time poverty, low political participation, limited awareness, gender norms, and, for younger and older women, financial limitations. To encourage and increase women’s capacity in shaping environmental solutions, economic and political gender gaps must be addressed and awareness on the impact of consumption needs to be strengthened.
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Brossia. L52119 Comparative Consumption Rates of Impressed Current Cathodic Protection Anodes. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), styczeń 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010953.
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There is a variety of impressed current anode materials available for onshore applications, including High Silicon Cast Iron (HSCI), Mixed Metal Oxides (MMO), graphite, platinum (or platinum coated titanium), and conductive polymers. Many end users simply select the anode material that they have experience with. What is lacking is a clear, direct comparison of relative anode consumption rates conducted under identical conditions. The present study examined the behavior of the various anode types under different current loads and soil conditions in an effort to establish baseline consumption rates under controlled conditions. Variables that were examined included soil resistivity, the presence of coke backfill, current load, and soil type (sand or 50/50 clay/sand mix). The consumption rates of the anodes evaluated decreased in the order of: AnodeFlex, HSCI, Graphite, Pt, and MMO. A survey of field experiences yielded a slightly different order in terms of anode life with Graphite and HSCI lasting the longest. However, given the wide range of anode sizes used in the various field sites, it is difficult to directly link the field results to the consumption rates measured in the laboratory. Soil composition and resistivity were not observed to have a significant influence on anode consumption rates. The presence of coke, however, led to a decrease in consumption for all anodes in some cases by as much as a factor of nearly 70. Utilizing anode cost estimates and neglecting installation costs, the life-cycle material costs for MMO and Pt anodes are much lower than the other anode materials. Furthermore, AnodeFlex was noted to be the highest cost system from a materials perspective. This may be slightly misleading since installation and replacement costs are not factored in. Given that the installation of AnodeFlex is often much easier and less expensive than the other anode types, this may prove to be a viable financial decision when the other factors are considered. ����������� The primary implications of the present study are: Despite higher material costs, MMO and Pt anodes may offer significant long-term cost savings as compared to other anode types for many applications Use of coke backfill is critical to ensure lower anode consumption rates for AnodeFlex, Graphite, and to a lesser extent HSCI; coke does not appear necessary for MMO or Pt Soil composition (sand vs. clay/sand mix) and resistivity do not appear to significantly influence anode consumption rates, thus consideration of the soil environment (except groundwater chemistry) is not needed in selection of an appropriate anode Because the influence of groundwater chemistry (as part of the soil environment) was not examined, the effects of sulfate, chloride, and pH will need to be evaluated in detail to better aid in anode material selection Field use survey responses showed a wide range in observed anode lifespan, with graphite and HSCI experiencing the longest life and cable anodes the shortest The field survey also revealed that a significant cause of anode failures was connector and cable problems
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Harris, Mark, Kaniz Fatema, Catherine Spooner, Ben Harris-Roxas, Abela Mahimbo, Margo Barr i Freddy Sitas. Review of effectiveness of certain healthy lifestyle interventions. The Sax Institute, październik 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/ngvv5985.
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Key behavioural risk factors for cancer include alcohol, poor diet and lack of physical activity. This review aimed to identify primary prevention interventions which are effective in increasing adults’ adoption of healthy lifestyle behaviours including reducing alcohol consumption, increasing physical activity, increasing healthy eating, and reducing overweight and obesity. It looked at both those interventions which demonstrate effectiveness and those which are promising but may not yet be fully evaluated. A range of interventions which have been successfully implemented were found along with a number of emerging interventions yet to be evaluated. Further evidence is needed related to migrant and CALD populations.