Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Arona (Italy)”
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Zhou, Qi, Shaomin Liu, Ye Liu i Huanlu Song. "Comparative Analysis of Volatiles of 15 Brands of Extra-Virgin Olive Oils Using Solid-Phase Micro-Extraction and Solvent-Assisted Flavor Evaporation". Molecules 24, nr 8 (17.04.2019): 1512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24081512.
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Aroma profiles, key aroma compound quantification, and cluster analysis of 15 brands of extra-virgin olive oils (EVOOs) from three countries (Spain, Italy, and Greece) were investigated in the current study. Aroma compounds were isolated from the oil by using solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) and solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME) and analyzed by gas chromatography-olfactometry mass spectrometry (GC-MS/O). A total of 89 compounds were screened by SPME/SAFE-GC-MS/O with chromatographic columns in 15 brands of samples. Eighty and 54 compounds were respectively identified by SPME- and SAFE-GC-MS/O. Of those, 44 compounds were detected by both methods. Undecanol, (Z)-4-decenal, (E)-2-dodecenal, and 2-nonanone extracted by SAFE were not found in EVOOs before. Eight classes of aroma compounds were identified, including 17 alcohols, 22 aldehydes, 9 ketones, 4 acids, 14 esters, 5 aromatics, 12 alkene, and 6 others. Eleven compounds were identified as the key aroma compounds in alternative brands of EVOOs by SAFE-aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA). Hexanal, (E)-2-hexenal, (E)-3-hexenol, acetic acid, and (E)-2-heptenal were the common key aroma compounds by AEDA and odor activity values (OAVs). From the cluster analysis of the heatmap, the aroma compounds of all the Spain EVOOs were similar, and there were some differences from the samples of Italy and Greece. It suggested that both the amount and concentration of aroma compounds determine the similarity of aroma in EVOOs.
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Welch, Katherine. "The Roman arena in late-Republican Italy: a new interpretation". Journal of Roman Archaeology 7 (1994): 59–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047759400012502.
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Lorenzoni, Filippo, Filippo Casarin, Claudio Modena, Mauro Caldon, Kleidi Islami i Francesca da Porto. "Structural health monitoring of the Roman Arena of Verona, Italy". Journal of Civil Structural Health Monitoring 3, nr 4 (12.11.2013): 227–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13349-013-0065-0.
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Bellusci, David. "Gasparo Contarini: From Scholasticism to Renaissance Humanism". Études maritainiennes / Maritain Studies 26 (2010): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/maritain2010263.
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This paper examines the shift from Scholasticism to Renaissance humanism by focussing on the Italian humanist, Gasparo Contarini (1483-1542). The politico-religious climate of 15th-16th century Italy represents the arena in which Contarini developed his philosophy. His studies at the University of Padova where Padovan Aristotelianism dominated reflected the basis of his intellectual formation. The Platonic revival of Renaissance Italy also made its way into Contarini’s humanist philosophy.
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Ponomarenko, Olena. "Organization of Musical Life in Modern Italy". Часопис Національної музичної академії України ім.П.І.Чайковського, nr 3(60) (27.09.2023): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31318/2414-052x.3(60).2023.296796.
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The process of organizing musical life in modern Italy is analyzed through the prism of new management approaches aimed at the deployment of Italian musical projects in the general sociocultural space. The issues of management and marketing in today's musical life, which are a significant component in the creation of musical projects, are outlined. The main principles of new types of marketing in the context of the promotion of musical projects in Italy are characterized - event, empirical and territorial. The functioning of the national brand project — the Arena di Verona Opera Festival, the hundredth season of which took place in 2023 on the stage of the Roman Amphitheater Arena, is highlighted. The role of the "Arena di Verona" Foundation in the organization of the opera festival has been determined. Creative advertising measures are considered, thanks to which the project is popularized as an artistic phenomenon among the public. It was found that Italian festival marketing in modern musical life functions thanks to the cooperation of state, financial institutions, private business sector, associations and foundations. The specifics of the promotion of Italian music projects are revealed, which includes analysis, planning, implementation of a massscale event with the help of creativity in advertising, constant technological updating. The dependence of the success of musical projects on the exclusive decisions of the organizers, innovative technologies used in scenery, lighting, stage design, etc. is substantiated. The high artistic component of Italian music projects, which attract more fans, always take place in a certain place and time, strengthen the brand of the territory and make the region attractive both for the local population and for tourists, has been identified. It has been proven that the main goal of organizing musical life in modern Italy, working for a high professional result, is to show the world the historical and artistic sights of Italian cities and preserve Italian musical projects as a national cultural brand for future generations.
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Timossi, Giovanni, Laura Bevacqua, Axel Hausmann i Stefano Scalercio. "Contribution to the knowledge of South Italian Gelechiidae (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea)". SHILAP Revista de lepidopterología 51, nr 203 (30.09.2023): 483–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.57065/shilap.534.
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We provide data concerning 39 species of Gelechiidae collected in Calabria and Basilicata regions, Italy. Twenty-three species are new for the studied area and six new for southern Italy. Most interesting are the records of Cosmardia moritzella (Treitschke, 1835), recorded only in the Alps so far, Aroga pascuicola (Staudinger, 1871), Oxypteryx immaculatella (Douglas, 1850), and Helcystogramma lamprostoma (Zeller, 1847), new for the Italian mainland, and Aproaerema cinctelloides (Nel & Varenne, 2012), new for the Italian fauna.
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Rabezzana, Roberto, Mery Malandrino, Ornella Abollino, Elisabetta Bonometti, Alessia Giordana, Francesca Turco, Giorgio Volpi i Lorenza Operti. "Characterization of Freisa Wines from Piedmont (Italy) by Aroma and Element Profile". Applied Sciences 13, nr 13 (22.06.2023): 7425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13137425.
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The main purpose of this study was to characterize Freisa red wines from Piedmont (northern Italy) according to their volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and elemental composition. Moreover, the authors investigated whether it was possible to distinguish among the five different DOCs produced in Piedmont on the basis of these chemical parameters. The VOCs profile of Freisa wines was very similar, and the most abundant species detected were isoamyl alcohol, phenylethyl alcohol, ethyl octanoate, and diethyl succinate. Conversely, elemental composition allowed us to partially distinguish one Freisa DOC with respect to the others. Multivariate statistical analysis applied to elemental composition revealed differences among Freisa wines and other red wines from different regions of Italy. In particular, Freisa wines featured higher concentrations of Cr and Ni metals, which are strongly correlated with the composition of the soil of Piedmont. These two elements are hence good candidates as chemical markers for Freisa wines from Piedmont.
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Foradori, Paolo, i Paolo Rosa. "Italy and the politics of European defence: playing by the logic of multi-level networks". Modern Italy 9, nr 2 (listopad 2004): 217–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1353294042000304965.
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SummaryThe article looks at the role of Italy in the decision-making arena of the EU Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP), analysing the initiatives it put in place to address and influence the construction of a common defence. The article aims to explain the ability or inability of Italy to build up a consensus around its proposals. By studying two initiatives in the field of European defence and security, it seeks to determine the factors which resulted in the differing outcomes of Italian actions at the European level.
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Carbone, Maurizio. "Introduction: Italy in the international arena: between the EU and the US?" Journal of Southern Europe and the Balkans 9, nr 2 (3.07.2007): 97–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14613190701414095.
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Ippolito, Marzia, i Lorenzo Cicatiello. "Political instability, economic inequality and social conflict: The case in Italy". Panoeconomicus 66, nr 3 (2019): 365–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan1903365i.
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Rising economic inequality may produce a contraction of political stability and a spread of social conflict, as suggested by the theory of relative power. Following this approach, participation in the political arena depends on the distribution of incomes, because the relative rich use their power to ensure that the status quo do not change, while the relative poor are likely to abandon the public arena when they realize that their demands will not be discussed. Through the implementation of an index of political stability on the Italian general elections of 2008 and 2013, this study empirically tests whether political instability is linked with economic inequality. The results of the analysis, which examines the sub-regional level, show that the strengthening of economic inequality is a decisive factor affecting the weight of the elites in the determination of economic and political choices, and that it influences the distribution of votes between political blocks. This comes at the disadvantage of the poorest who, aware of their lesser chances to have influence, choose to change the character of their participation.
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Vannucci, Alberto. "Systemic corruption and disorganized anticorruption in Italy". Civitas - Revista de Ciências Sociais 20, nr 3 (13.11.2020): 408–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1984-7289.2020.3.37877.
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TThis paper provides, trough different indicators, empirical evidence on the presumably high relevance of corruption in Italian politics and administration, providing an explanation of how this “obscure” side of Italian politics – a pervasive market for corrupt exchanges – has found its way to regulate its hidden activities within an informal institutional framework, i.e. systemic corruption. A general theoretical framework for the analysis of limits and “windows of opportunity” in Italian anticorruption policies will then be provided, crossing the degree of salience and politicization of corruption issue to explain how in different periods such variables shaped such policy arena. Finally, it will be shown how occasionally this dark side of Italian politics clashed with the clean side of politics, focusing on the reasons of the weak political accountability of Italian politicians involved in corruption scandals in the last decades.
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Lo Scalzo, Roberto, Armando Testoni i Angela Genna. "‘Annurca’ apple fruit, a southern Italy apple cultivar: textural properties and aroma composition". Food Chemistry 73, nr 3 (maj 2001): 333–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0308-8146(00)00306-x.
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Latella, Leonardo. "Does Size Matter? Two Subterranean Biodiversity Hotspots in the Lessini Mountains in the Veneto Prealps in Northern Italy". Diversity 16, nr 1 (30.12.2023): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d16010025.
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In the Lessini Mountains, the southernmost prealpine area in the Veneto region, thousands of caves are found, many of which have been extensively studied from the biological point of view. Numerous studies have been carried out on taxonomic and biogeographic aspects over the last hundred years. Two caves, in particular, have been found to be extremely rich in species adapted to life in subterranean environments. These are the Arena Cave in the Monti Lessini Veronesi and the Buso della Rana cave system in the Monti Lessini Vicentini. The two caves have extremely different development: Arena Cave is about 100 meters in length, and the Buso della Rana-Pisatela cave system is more than 37 km in length. Despite this huge difference in size, they both have the highest number of subterranean dwelling species in northern Italy (16 troglobionts and 8 stygobionts in Arena Cave, and 7 troglobionts and 11 stygobionts in the Buso della Rana-Pisatela cave system).
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Pievani, Telmo. "Evolution and creation in the arena of scientific communication". Journal of Science Communication 05, nr 02 (21.06.2006): C01. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/2.05020301.
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The debate on Darwin’s theory of evolution is a unique case for observing some particular ways in which science is perceived and experienced in society. It is a dispute which is really not very scientific at all, since it ultimately derives from the attempt to discredit a corroborated scientific explanation (and to limit its teaching) by fundamentalist fringe groups of religious and political movements of various extraction. However, it is undeniable that the clash between creationists and evolutionists must also involve, in a critical and self-reflective way, the communicative weaknesses of science and its inability to assert itself as a widespread and fully shared culture, as was also stressed by the Nature magazine in April 2005. With an international viewpoint, ranging from the United States to Europe, from Australia to Italy, in this dossier we try to make a summary investigation of the current state of the debate, with a particularly attentive eye on the communicative strategies that contend in the two fields.
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D’Eusanio, Veronica, Laura Maletti, Andrea Marchetti, Fabrizio Roncaglia i Lorenzo Tassi. "Volatile Aroma Compounds of Gavina® Watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus L.) Dietary Fibers to Increase Food Sustainability". AppliedChem 3, nr 1 (31.01.2023): 66–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem3010006.
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To deal with climate emergency and reduce environmental impact, agro-industrial wastes are gradually gaining interest and are being used for new products and applications. The large production of watermelons represents an opportunity because of the many byproducts that can be transformed into innovative and valuable foodstuffs. In this study, we examined the lycopene-rich whole dietary fiber (WDF) obtained from the watermelon pomace of a peculiar cultivar, Gavina® (Oristano, Italy) a seedless fruit from Sardinia (Italy). The volatile chemical composition of the WDF was investigated using Solid-Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS). The aim was to follow the evolution of the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) fraction during storage and verify its stability over time. Since watermelon is an excellent source of carotenoids, their byproducts were the most abundant VOCs of the freshly prepared samples, but their overall abundance decreased significantly during storage. The opposite trend was observed for acids and aldehydes, whose increase over time is related to amino acid degradation. Freshly prepared WDF can be used in the food industry as an antioxidant-rich dietary fiber that imparts a characteristic and pleasant aroma. Over time, its aroma profile and carotenoid content change considerably, reducing its health properties and limiting its potential application as a natural flavor.
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Mazzaglia, Agata, i Carmela Maria Lanza. "Physicochemical and Sensory Characterization of Malvasia Wines from Different Mediterranean Areas". Journal of Food Quality 2018 (2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2398149.
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The identity of different Mediterranean Malvasia wines from Lipari (Aeolian Islands), Sardinia, Crete, and the Canaries by correlating sensory attributes with physicochemical parameters was determined. The Malvasia wines from Lipari had a wide and harmonic aromatic profile with floral, fruity, and exotic fruit aromas in addition to honey, fruit, and raisin flavors. The similarity of sensory characteristics between the Lipari and Crete samples may have originated from the geographic proximity and from the frequent cultural exchanges between Southern Italy and Greece. The Sardinian Malvasia wines had their own identity based on the prevailing citrus aroma, wood aroma and flavor, high alcohol content, and distinctive color parameters. The Canary Malvasia wine was characterized by high clearness and acidity without particular aromatic attributes.
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Mecca, Marisabel, Rocco Racioppi, Vito Antonio Romano, Licia Viggiani, Richard Lorenz i Maurizio D’Auria. "The Scent of Himantoglossum Species Found in Basilicata (Southern Italy)". Compounds 1, nr 3 (20.12.2021): 164–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/compounds1030015.
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The SPME (Solid Phase Microextraction) analysis of the scent of H. hircinum showed the presence of elemicin in the presence of a relevant amount of eugenol. The scent of the sample of H. adriaticum collected in Abruzzo showed the presence 4-amino-5-(4-morpholinylmethyl)-2-oxazolidinone, β-ocimene, decyl decanoate, and 9-tricosene as main components. The sample of H. adriaticum collected at Marsico Nuovo has an aroma where the main component was pentadecyl hexanoate, 9-tricosene, methyleugenol, tetradecane, pentadecane, and elemicin. The samples of H. adriaticum collected at Viggianello showed some similarities in the scent: the main components were 9-tricosene and methyleugenol.
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Cassese, Sabino. "Administration publique et intérêts en Italie". Revue française d'administration publique 62, nr 1 (1992): 313–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rfap.1992.2590.
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Public Administration and Public Interests in Italy The Italian situation is characterized by a “soft” administration and a weak bureaucracy, which plays only a passive role. The need to find outside support is a consequence of this weakness in public administration. As a consequence, sectoral interests prevail and administration, which loses its specifie characteristics, is becoming a market or an “arena”. Administration thus appears to be a network of exchanges between innumerable interest groups.
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Shibkova, M. "Ad Hoc Alliances as Italian Key Statecraft Tool". International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy 19, nr 1 (2021): 139–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17994/it.2021.19.1.64.4.
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Despite economic troubles and constant political instability Italy manages to keep its historical role as a key EU state and one of the three major economies of the region, which justifies its G7 membership and therefore formally endues it with a great power status. This owes to accommodationism as the main behavioral pattern since the establishment of the Italian Republic and the skillful use of ad hoc alliances – a pragmatic statecraft tool which renders Italy flexible and unpredictable. Too big to be defensive, but not big enough to be offensive, Italy does not provoke antagonism in any EU country, becoming a potential universal ally. Cooperation with Greece on fiscal flexibility, with Spain and France on coronabonds and Hungary on EU common migration policy strengthens its bargaining power in the EU, since the latter needs Italy for reasons of security and solidarity. Being furthermore a devoted US partner since the end of World War II, Italy considers US a guarantor of its national security and position on the international arena and is inclined to lend its support to Washington even if such actions contradict the policies of closer geostrategic partners in the EU. Thanks to such allegiance Italy manages to preserve a certain room for maneuvering in interactions with other noneuroatlantic partners to an extent that does not imperil its strategic alliance with Washington, which has always been an invariable of Italian foreign policy. However, scarce attention from the USA under the current administration makes Italy utilize its statecraft tools towards Washington as well, and a pragmatic rapprochement with China on the Belt and Road Initiative and humanitarian aid during the pandemic presents a clear example thereof.
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Loizzo, Monica R., Marco Bonesi, Giuseppe Di Lecce, Emanuele Boselli, Rosa Tundis, Alessandro Pugliese, Francesco Menichini i Natale Giuseppe Frega. "Phenolics, Aroma Profile, andIn VitroAntioxidant Activity of Italian Dessert Passito Wine from Saracena (Italy)". Journal of Food Science 78, nr 5 (10.04.2013): C703—C708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.12110.
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Manni, Mattia, Valentina Coccia, Andrea Nicolini, Guido Marseglia i Alessandro Petrozzi. "Towards Zero Energy Stadiums: The Case Study of the Dacia Arena in Udine, Italy". Energies 11, nr 9 (11.09.2018): 2396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11092396.
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The environmental impacts of sport events have been growing during the last decades, which has led to the organizing associations developing adequate countermeasures to both reduce carbon emissions due to construction and operational stages compensate for the emissions. This work aims at proposing an approach to stadiums energy enhancement that includes strategies largely recognized as effective and applicable to several building typologies (residential, commercial, academic, etc.). The selected case study is the Dacia Arena in northern Italy that has been recently refurbished and renovated. The proposed workflow has as a goal minimizing the increment of the operational emissions, caused by new heated areas in the stadium. Firstly, the energy consumption was estimated in dynamic state for Scenario 0 (current state) and Scenario 1 (refurbished state) to quantify the new plant’s energy demand. Secondly, two hypothetical system layouts were proposed and evaluated. In the first, the power for lighting, cooling and heating is supplied by a system that couples photovoltaic panels with heat pump. In the second, the same photovoltaic plant is integrated with a biomass plant and an absorption chiller. The comparison highlights the suitability of those interventions and the environmental advantages deriving from their exploitation.
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Giorgi, Alberta, i Pasquale Annicchino. "‘Genuine’ religions and their arena of legitimation in Italy – the role of the ECtHR". Religion, State and Society 45, nr 3-4 (2.10.2017): 284–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09637494.2017.1396803.
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Chitarrini, Giulia, Nikola Dordevic, Walter Guerra, Peter Robatscher i Lidia Lozano. "Aroma Investigation of New and Standard Apple Varieties Grown at Two Altitudes Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Combined with Sensory Analysis". Molecules 25, nr 13 (30.06.2020): 3007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25133007.
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The aromatic profile of apples constitutes important information for the characterization and description of local products. Apple flavor is determined by perception in mouth and aroma; while the first is mainly defined by sugars and organic acids, aroma is a complex mixture of many volatile organic compounds (VOCs) whose composition is often specific to the variety. Headspace-solid phase microextraction gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) allows for the detection of detailed information of volatile constituents. In this study, eleven apple varieties (Braeburn, Fuji, Gala, Golden Delicious, Coop 39-Crimson Crisp®, Dalinette-Choupette®, Fujion, CIV323-Isaaq®, Coop43-Juliet®, SQ159-Natyra®, UEB32642-Opal®) grown in two pedoclimatic locations at different altitudes in South Tyrol (Italy) (ca. 225 m and ca. 650 m a.s.l.) were investigated. Thirty-eight VOCs were identified and combined with sensory analysis results (from 11 trained panelist) to characterize the aroma of new and standard apple varieties with a special focus on pedoclimatic location differences. The study shows strong diversification of the varieties based on their VOC profiles and sensory attributes, as expected. Moreover, investigating how the pedoclimatic location at different altitudes can influence the apple aroma profile, we identified twelve VOCs involved in these differences and provided a deeper investigation on how different altitudes can influence the apple aroma composition and perceptions combining the analytical and sensory parameters.
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Mozzon, Massimo, Roberta Foligni i Cinzia Mannozzi. "Brewing Quality of Hop Varieties Cultivated in Central Italy Based on Multivolatile Fingerprinting and Bitter Acid Content". Foods 9, nr 5 (29.04.2020): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9050541.
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The brewing value of hops is mainly affected by the content and composition of humulones (α-acids) and essential oil. Interest in hop plantations is increasing more and more in Italy, in parallel with the rising number of microbreweries and brewpubs, which are strongly oriented towards local production chains. In this context, a selection of 15 international hop varieties were grown, under the same conditions, in an experimental field in the Marche region, Central Italy, with the aim of assessing their suitability for beer production. A multivariate analysis approach to experimental data showed a high content of α- and b-acids and myrcene in the Centennial, Brewer’s Gold, Sterling, Cascade, Nugget, and Columbus varieties; a consistently lower percentages of humulones and a predominance of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons in the cultivars Mount Hood, Northern Brewer, Northdown, Galena, Willamette, and Fuggle; and a desirable high α-acids content and a sesquiterpene-type aroma in cultivars Chinook, Yeoman, and Hallertau. Further studies are needed to assess the environmental adaptability and the yield performance of hop plants in the pedoclimatic conditions of the Central Italy hills.
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Belfiori, Beatrice, Valentina D’Angelo, Claudia Riccioni, Marco Leonardi, Francesco Paolocci, Giovanni Pacioni i Andrea Rubini. "Genetic Structure and Phylogeography of Tuber magnatum Populations". Diversity 12, nr 2 (24.01.2020): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12020044.
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The ectomycorrhizal fungus Tuber magnatum produces the white truffle appreciated worldwide for its unique aroma. With respect to other Tuber spp. of economic interest, T. magnatum presents a narrower geographical range. This species has, in fact, long been considered endemic to Italy. However, over the last few decades several reports have documented the presence of white truffles in different Mediterranean countries and in particular in various areas of south-east Europe. In this study, samples from several Pannonian and Balkan countries such as Hungary, Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria and Greece have been collected and genotyped with microsatellite markers and the data merged with those available for Italian populations. Our objectives were to test whether Italian and south-east European populations are differentiated and to evaluate the genetic diversity of T. magnatum all over its distributional range. We show the genetic structure of T. magnatum populations with the differentiation of four main groups: northern Italy, central-northern Italy, southern Italy and the Balkan/Pannonian region. The present study allowed us to refine the evolutionary history of T. magnatum and track the possible post-glacial expansion route of this species. The assessment of T. magnatum’s genetic structure is not only of scientific relevance, but it is also important for the conservation and market traceability of this prestigious fungus.
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Coletta, Antonio, Aline Theodoro Toci, Sandra Pati, Giuseppe Ferrara, Francesco Grieco, Maria Tufariello i Pasquale Crupi. "Effect of Soil Management and Training System on Negroamaro Wine Aroma". Foods 10, nr 2 (19.02.2021): 454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10020454.
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This study aimed to assess the impact of two soil managements and training systems on yield and wine aroma compounds of Negroamaro variety grown in a warm climate region (southern Italy). Cover crop (CC) and soil tillage (ST) as soil management, whilst bilateral Guyot (BG) and monolateral Guyot (MG) as training systems were compared. Free and bound volatile fractions were evaluated by GC-MS. ST and CC as well as BG and MG significantly affected yield parameters. In particular, yield was higher in ST and BG than in CC and MG, respectively; moreover, it was found to be positively influenced by interaction between BG and ST. Regarding aroma compounds, significant interactions between soil management and training system factors were observed. In case of free volatiles, the most positive interaction was found between BG and ST, whereas, for bound volatiles, the best interaction was represented by MG with both soil tillage and cover crop. Vine leaf area and development over vine growth stages along with water stress levels played an important role in determining the aroma profile as well as yield parameters. In conclusion, the training system significantly interacted with soil management and affected most of important aroma compounds in Negroamaro wine.
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Corona, Onofrio, Diego Planeta, Paola Bambina, Simone Giacosa, Maria Alessandra Paissoni, Margherita Squadrito, Fabrizio Torchio i in. "Influence of Different Dehydration Levels on Volatile Profiles, Phenolic Contents and Skin Hardness of Alkaline Pre-Treated Grapes cv Muscat of Alexandria (Vitis vinifera L.)". Foods 9, nr 5 (21.05.2020): 666. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9050666.
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A dehydration experiment was carried out on Vitis vinifera L. cv Muscat of Alexandria (synonym Zibibbo) following the process for the production of renowned special dessert wines produced on Pantelleria island (Sicily, Italy). Harvested berries were pre-treated in a sodium hydroxide dipping solution (45 g/L, dipped for 185 s, 25 °C) to accelerate the drying process, rinsed, and dehydrated in simulated conditions (relative humidity 30%, 30 °C temperature, air speed 0.9 m/s). Three dehydration levels were achieved, corresponding to “Passolata”, “Bionda”, and “Malaga” stages (35%, 50%, and 65% of weight loss, respectively) of the Pantelleria denomination of origin (DOC). Grape skin mechanical properties, technological parameters, phenolics, and aroma profile varied considerably during dehydration. The most important aroma compounds for their olfactory impact, such as linalool, geraniol, nerol, and citronellol, especially in glycosylated forms, significantly increased in dried grapes compared to fresh ones, even if aroma profile modification occurred. A decrease in break skin force could have induced higher release of flavonoids. The findings showed relevant changes, allowing winemakers to better select the ratio of fresh and dehydrated grapes in the function of the final desired wine.
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Gravit, Marina, Ekaterina Kirik, Egor Savchenko, Tatiana Vitova i Daria Shabunina. "Simulation of Evacuation from Stadiums and Entertainment Arenas of Different Epochs on the Example of the Roman Colosseum and the Gazprom Arena". Fire 5, nr 1 (1.02.2022): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire5010020.
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Space-planning decisions of two sports and entertainment arenas with large crowds—the Roman Colosseum (Italy) and the modern Gazprom Arena stadium (St. Petersburg, Russia)— were analyzed to compare the flow of people during evacuation by simulation. It was shown that the space-planning decisions of the Colosseum seem more advantageous compared with the Gazprom Arena in calculation of evacuation time and evacuation organization process: the capacity of the stairs of the Colosseum with a width of 2.8 m is comparable with the capacity of the Gazprom Arena’s stairs (4 m). In the Colosseum the average specific flow is qaverage = 1.14 person/s/m, while in the Gazprom Arena the average specific flow is qaverage = 0.65 (with a march width of 2.6 m) and qaverage = 0.8 person/s/m (with a march width of 4 m). It was found that the Colosseum complies with current standards for on-time evacuation; while modern sports and entertainment arenas are currently designed with additional services, infrastructure, comfort and, in general, high commercialization. The antique arenas are currently being reborn and used for concerts and other public events, so the obtained results have practical significance.
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Frolov, Vasily. "The image of Italy on the pages of the newspaper «Russian invalid» in the first years of the First World War (1914–1915)". Metamorphoses of history, nr 29 (2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.37490/s241436770028107-7.
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The article examines and analyzes the image of Italy, which was created by Russian journalists on the pages of the newspaper «Russian Invalid» in the first years of the First World War (1914–1915), when the Russian Empire was in active military confrontation with the states of the Triple (later Quadruple) Alliance, and the Kingdom of Italy, being a member of the Triple Alliance, maintained military neutrality until May 1915, after which it entered the war on the side of the Entente. Correspondents of «Russian Invalid» in the first years of the First World War (1914–1915) paid quite a lot of attention to Italy on the pages of their publication. Most of the information about the Kingdom of Italy by the journalists of the periodical under study was contained in the headings «War», «Military Review», «Naval Review», «From Foreign Life», «Telegrams» and «Italian Front». Based on the results of the analysis of materials presented on the pages of the newspaper «Russian Invalid», the following distinctive features of the image of Italy formed by the correspondents of this newspaper in 1914–1915 were identified: - a young national state, which initially appears as a possible opponent of Austria-Hungary in the world war and therefore a potential ally of the Entente countries, and subsequently officially becomes an enemy of the countries of the Quadruple Alliance; - a kingdom that seeks, through participation in a global military conflict, to solve its specific economic and political problems, including expanding its territorial possessions; - a state with serious ground and naval armed forces capable of exerting a significant influence on the course of hostilities in individual theaters of war. In conclusion, it is concluded that the Kingdom of Italy in «Russian Invalid» appeared as a subject of international law, for which all major actions in the international arena were strictly determined by national interests.
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Mecca, Marisabel, Rocco Racioppi, Vito A. Romano, Licia Viggiani, Richard Lorenz i Maurizio D’Auria. "Volatile Organic Compounds from Orchis Species Found in Basilicata (Southern Italy)". Compounds 1, nr 2 (2.09.2021): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/compounds1020008.
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This study is part of a project devoted to determining the scent of all the orchid species present in Basilicata. All the analyses were performed by using the solid-phase microextraction technique coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The scent of eight species belonging to the Orchis genus was investigated. In the case of O. anthropophora, caryophyllene, tetradecanal and hexadecanal were the main components of the aroma; in O. purpurea, 3,5-dimethoxytoluene and elemicin were found; in O. italica, caryophyllene and 4-(3-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl)butan-2-one were found; in O. pauciflora, linalool and 1,4-dimethoxybenzene were found; in O. mascula, linalool was found; in O. quadripunctata, penta- and heptadecane were found; in O. provincialis, β-farnesene and farnesal were found; and in O. pallens, curcumene was the main product.
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Khenkin, S. "Spain in Zone of Turbulence". World Economy and International Relations, nr 4 (2012): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2012-4-71-81.
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The global financial and economic crisis abruptly changed the socio-economic and political situation in Spain. While having successfully developed in the decade before the crisis, the country became one of the most unfortunate countries in the EU (the so-called PIIGS group, which also includes Greece, Italy, Portugal and Iceland). After centuries of isolation of Spain integrated into European institutions and started to play a prominent role at the international arena. In the proposed article, the author explores the problems of internal and foreign policy, facing the modern Spain.
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Di Cori, Paola. "Comparing Different Generations of Feminists: Precariousness versus Corporations?" Feminist Review 87, nr 1 (wrzesień 2007): 136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.fr.9400376.
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This article focuses on the gap and conflicts in Italy between the so-called ‘historical feminists’ of the 1960s and 1970s, and the generation of young women who entered the public and political arena from 1990 onwards. It discusses the absence of a critical and self-critical perspective within the Italian historical feminist tradition, the various political conflicts that emerged before and during the Berlusconi right-wing government at the beginning of 2000 and the absence of an active visible presence of young women in the media and in politics.
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Bertoli, Alessandra, Szilvia Sárosi, Jenő Bernáth i Luisa Pistelli. "Characterization of Some Italian Ornamental Thyme by Their Aroma". Natural Product Communications 5, nr 2 (luty 2010): 1934578X1000500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1000500225.
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The aromatic profiles of five commercial thyme cultivars (T. vulgaris ‘Silver Poise’, T. vulgaris ‘Erectus’, T. vulgaris ‘Faustini’, T. × citriodorus ‘Anderson's Gold’, and T. × citriodorus ‘Silver Queen’), cultivated in Italy, were defined both by their static headspaces (HS) and essential oils (EOs). In addition, a botanical garden sample of T. vulgaris was considered as reference material to evaluate the morphological and phytochemical differences from the selected market samples. Extractions of the volatile constituents of the different plant material were carried out by SPME (static headspace, HS) and hydrodistillation (HD) processes. GC-MS analysis provided the separation and identification of approximately 70 components in the HS samples and 50 in the hydrodistilled essential oils, accounting for more than 95% of the total. The typical main constituents of T. vulgaris were detected in all the EO samples, although qualitative and quantitative differences were found among the selected ornamental Thymus varieties. Thymol (50-55%) was the marker constituent for the three T. vulgaris cultivars, while geraniol (61-67%) characterized the essential oils of the two T. × citriodorus varieties. In all the analyzed essential oils, non-oxygenated (16-79%) and oxygenated (5-26%) monoterpenes were the typical volatile constituents. Specific target compounds (thymol, geraniol and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one) were selected to characterize the five thyme cultivars that are considered at present only as ornamental plants. A comparative evaluation of their EO quality was carried out in order to propose them as alternative sources of Italian raw plant material for industrial production.
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Bindi, L., F. Tasselli, F. Olmi, A. Peccerillo i S. Menchetti. "Crystal chemistry of clinopyroxenes from Linosa Volcano, Sicily Channel, Italy: implications for modelling the magmatic plumbing system". Mineralogical Magazine 66, nr 6 (grudzień 2002): 953–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/0026461026660070.
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Abstract The Island of Linosa is a small part of the large submarine volcanic complex which is locatedat the SW edge of the Linosa Graben, Sicily Channel. The island was formed between 1.06±0.10 and 0.53±0.07 Ma, through three main stages of activity: Paleo-Linosa, Arena Bianca and Monte Bandiera. Major and trace element data show that the compositional variability of the three activity stages is limited, with most of the rocks showing basaltic to hawaiitic composition. Evolved benmoreites and trachytes are foundas lithics in some pyroclastic units of Paleolinosa. The mafic rocks of the three stages show porphyritic texture, with phenocryst assemblages characterized by olivine, clinopyroxene and plagioclase. The volume ratio of olivine vs. clinopyroxene decreases from early to late stages of activity in mafic rocks with comparable major element composition. Clinopyroxene phenocrysts from mafic rocks of the three stages have poorly variable composition, clustering in the augite field. Phenocrysts from the first activity stage (Paleo-Linosa), show a slight increase in TiO2, Al2O3 and CaO, and a decrease of Fe2O3 (total) with the increasing SiO2 content of the host rocks. Crystals from the second and the third stage (Arena Bianca and Monte Bandiera) display a slightly more restricted range of FeOtot, frequently with very high MgO, Al2O3 and TiO2 contents. Crystal chemical investigation of clinopyroxenes from rocks of the three stages with comparable degrees of evolution, revealed significant variation of structural parameters, in particular VM1 and Vcell. These show a consistent decrease, passing from clinopyroxenes of the early stage to crystals extracted from the mafic lavas of stages 2 and 3. Given the similar compositional ranges of the host rocks, structural variations of clinopyroxenes are interpreted to reveal modifications of crystallization pressure, which increased, passing from Paleo-Linosa to the Arena Bianca and Monte Bandiera stages. Given this information, the observed crystal-chemical variations provide information on the depth of magma reservoirs and on the evolution of the plumbing system of Linosa volcano.
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Darnal, Aakriti, Simone Poggesi, Edoardo Longo, Annagrazia Arbore i Emanuele Boselli. "Decoding the Identity of Pinot Gris and Pinot Noir Wines: A Comprehensive Chemometric Fusion of Sensory (from Dual Panel) and Chemical Analysis". Foods 13, nr 1 (20.12.2023): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods13010018.
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Quantitative relations between the sensory overall quality (OQJ) of commercial single grape variety Pinot Gris and Pinot Noir wines, defined using specific sensory attributes, and the most influencing chemical components were investigated in commercial wines from different international origins. Multiple factor analysis (MFA) was applied to achieve a comprehensive map of the quality of the samples while multivariate regression models were applied to each varietal wine to determine the sensory attributes influencing OQJ the most and to understand how the combinations of the volatile compounds influenced the olfactory sensory attributes. For Pinot Gris wine, OQJ was positively correlated with sensory attributes, like “floral” aroma, “stone-fruit” flavor, “yellow” color, “caramelized” aroma, and “tropical fruit” aroma according to an Italian panel. For Pinot Noir wine, “licorice” aroma, “cloves” aroma, “fresh wood” aroma, “red fruit” flavor, “cherry” aroma, and “spicy” flavor were positively correlated with OQJ by the same panel. Important predictors for the wine quality of Pinot Gris could be characterized, but not for Pinot Noir. Additionally, sensory tests were also carried out by different panel compositions (German and Italian). Both the German and the Italian panels preferred (based on OQJ) a Pinot Gris wine from New Zealand (Gisborne), but for different perceived characteristics (fruity and aromatic notes by the Italian panel and acidity by the German panel). For Pinot Noir, different panel compositions influenced the OQJ of the wines, as the wines from Chile (with more spicy, red fruit and woody notes) were preferred by the Italian panel, while the German panels preferred the wines from Argentina (with light, subtle woody and red fruit notes). The profile of cyclic and non-cyclic proanthocyanidins was also evaluated in the two varietal wines. No clear effect of the origin was observed, but the wines from Italy (Sicily/Puglia) were separated from the rest and were characterized by percentage ratio chemical indexes (%C-4) and (%C-5) for both varieties.
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Boscaino, Floriana, Elena Ionata, Salvatore De Caro i Alida Sorrentino. "Non-Conventional Yeasts from Mozzarella Cheese Whey and Artisanal Sourdoughs: Leavening Capacity and Impact on Bread Sensory Profile". Fermentation 10, nr 1 (19.01.2024): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10010068.
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Non-conventional yeasts (NCYs) (i.e., non-Saccharomyces) are used as alternative starters to promote aroma complexity of fermented foods (e.g., bakery products). A total of 66 yeasts isolated from artisanal food matrices (bread and pizza sourdoughs and milk whey) from different geographical areas of the Campania region (Italy) were screened for physiological and technological characteristics such as leavening ability, resistance to NaCl and pH, exopolysaccharide and phytase activity production, and carbohydrate assimilation. Selected and isolated microorganisms were also used to study the leavening kinetics in experimental doughs as mixed inocula of two different strains. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of the inoculated doughs were analyzed with solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (SPME/GC-MS). Most of the strains belonged to non-Saccharomyces species (Pichia kudriavzevii, Kluyveromyces marxianus) and Saccharomyces (S. cerevisiae). Several strains produced exopolysaccharides (EPSs), that are important for dough rheological properties. Moreover, yeasts isolated from whey showed extracellular phytase activity. The mixed starter culture of the S. cerevisiae and NCY strains showed a synergic effect that enhanced the doughs’ aroma complexity. The use of non-conventional yeasts mixed with S. cerevisiae strains can be advantageous in the bakery industry because they improve the bread aroma profiles and nutritional properties by bioactive molecule production.
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Rossini, Francesco, Paolo Loreti, Maria Elena Provenzano, Diana De Santis i Roberto Ruggeri. "Agronomic performance and beer quality assessment of twenty hop cultivars grown in Central Italy". Italian Journal of Agronomy 11, nr 3 (10.08.2016): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ija.2016.746.
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Hop market and beer industry have always been of secondary relevance in Italy as compared to grape and wine sector. Hence, hop cultivars and the information for growing hops have been generated almost entirely from the major hop production countries. Identifying cultivars that perform well in Mediterranean environments is therefore essential to successfully start hop cultivation and breeding activity in this new growing region. To evaluate the intraspecific diversity of hop in Central Italy, 20 female hop genotypes with different origin were screened during three growing seasons (2013-2015) in an experimental hop yard. Cones yield, plant height and crop phenology were evaluated to determine which cultivars were best suited to the Mediterranean climate. Moreover, given the rising interest for the development of local beers with distinguishing aroma, a sensory analysis was performed and beers flavoured with locally produced and imported cones were compared. A significant diversity among cultivars was found for all parameters investigated. The results indicated that weather condition during flowering and development of cones markedly affected yield and plant height. Cones yield was negatively correlated with thermal time (r=–0.5, P<0.05) to harvest and positively with plant height (r=0.56, P<0.05). <em>Cascade</em>, <em>Hallertauer Magnum</em>, <em>Hersbrucker Spa</em>t and <em>Yeoman</em> showed the best adaptability to the Mediterranean growing conditions as they were the top-performing cultivars across the three years. Sensory analysis evidenced the importance of cultivar selection as determining factor for flavouring properties of beers. In general, results showed that the origin of cones strongly affected the mouth feel of beers. More complex and appreciated aroma profiles were identified for beers flavoured with local cones than those hopped with commercial products.
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Musella, Fortunato. "Personal leaders and party change: Italy in comparative perspective". Italian Political Science Review/Rivista Italiana di Scienza Politica 45, nr 3 (8.10.2015): 227–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ipo.2015.19.
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IntroduzioneParty leaders have become more powerful and autonomous actors in recent years by developing a direct and personal relationship with citizens. As anticipated in the United States (Lowi, 1985), the rise of the ‘personal leader’ seems to have occurred in many European democracies, both in old parties and in more recently formed parties, with a widespread tendency for them to be promoted and controlled by individual leaders. Nevertheless, party leadership remains quite a neglected theme in political science. Through a data set including ~500 party presidents in 13 democracies, this article focusses on the personalization of party leadership by comparing Italy with other Western countries. More particularly, new procedures for the selection of party chairs, the centralization of power in political parties, and the new role of party leaders in the legislative/governmental arena are analysed, given their importance to such a process. The article summarizes new data on the party leaders’ characteristics, with regards to their political backgrounds, how they are elected, how long they stay in office, and whether they become prime minister or enter the executive. In this way, we are able to see how some new parties are created from the outset as highly personalized and centralized parties (Forza Italia being the paradigmatic case), whereas other older parties have also evolved in a personalized direction.
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Lolli, Veronica, Animesh Acharjee, Donato Angelino, Michele Tassotti, Daniele Del Rio, Pedro Mena i Augusta Caligiani. "Chemical Characterization of Capsule-Brewed Espresso Coffee Aroma from the Most Widespread Italian Brands by HS-SPME/GC-MS". Molecules 25, nr 5 (5.03.2020): 1166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25051166.
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Coffee capsules market is on the rise as it allows access to a wide selection of coffee, differing in taste and brand. However, few data about the chemical characterization of the capsule-brewed coffee aroma are available. In this work, an untargeted approach using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and combined to chemometrics was performed to study and compare aroma profile from 65 capsule-brewed espresso coffees (ECs) commercialized by five of the most representative brands in Italy. Volatile profiles obtained from ECs were subjected to multivariate statistical analysis, which generally did not show a significant variability among coffees belonging to the same brand, except for those modified after the addition of specific flavor additives or aromatic substances (such as caramel, chocolate, etc.). Similarities may be related to the starting coffee brew or the processing method, which is likely the same for each individual brand. Additionally, partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) showed that capsules from a specific brand contain the highest concentration of pyrazines, thus characterized by an intense and characteristic aroma, and a stronger note than those from the other brands. This study supports that the chemical analysis in conjunction with chemometric tools is a useful approach for assessing flavor quality, even if the need remains to identify volatile markers of high-quality beverages.
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Bevilacqua, Antonella, Gino Iannace, Ilaria Lombardi i Rosaria Parente. "A sound from the arena: acoustic reconstruction of a Roman amphitheater located in Avella, south of Italy". INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 265, nr 7 (1.02.2023): 894–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2022_0127.
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In the ancient Rome the shows entertained by gladiators were very numerous, due to the always growing request from the spectators. After the disuse of the amphitheaters, a wide number of philosophers, writers and poets have been experienced to say what happened in these arenas. Nowadays this type of shows represents continuous source of inspiration for different books and movies (e.g. The gladiator, Spartacus). The amphitheaters are characterized by having an elliptical plan layout, which allow to enlarge the capacity of seats other than improving the sight from the steps of the cavea. The most famous Roman amphitheater is the Colosseum with its biggest dimensions that only the capital city of the empire could have, followed by others of smaller volume size. The development of Christianism decreed the immorality of these shows while the barbaric invasions contributed to convert these places into military barracks, if they were not selected to be demolished. This paper deals with the acoustic study of the amphitheater of Avella, which has been found only a few decades ago by archaeological excavations. The geometrical characteristics are typical of other amphitheaters built in Campania during the Imperial age. An acoustic survey has been undertaken in order to understand the main acoustic parameters in accordance with ISO 3382-1, given the functionality of this place in hosting musical shows during the summer seasons. Based on historical sources and discoveries, a virtual model has been realized to represent the architectural features of how the amphitheater would be looked like originally. The model has been used for acoustic simulations by applying the absorption and scattering coefficients of the finish materials, and the results have been assessed to highlight the different acoustic perception between the existing conditions and the original shape.
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Terranova, Giuseppe. "The role of the Italic community as a new agent of glocal development in the post-pandemic era". AIMS Geosciences 9, nr 2 (2023): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/geosci.2023012.
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<abstract> <p>The pandemic and the digital revolution are changing the global geopolitical landscape. The dispersion of power linked to the new digital decision-making centers is accompanied by a fragmentation of the traditional system of power in the international geopolitical arena. In this scenario, it is difficult to identify who is in charge of sovereignty and governance. A glocal perspective would suggest continuing to look at States, but also at local political entities, such as cities, and super-national cultural identities, such as global civilizations. It is a solution that could allow Italy, and other countries, to avoid what John Agnew called the territorial trap that would push the world system into giving national answers to the growing number of global challenges. In the post-pandemic phase, Italy will face its most important test of resilience since the Second World War. This paper intends to investigate whether and in what terms the Italian State will be able to recognize and make use of the soft power of the Italic community and civilization as a new agent of glocal development. The digital revolution accelerated by the pandemic could in fact transform the digital space into the ideal place for the recognition and strengthening of the global network of Italics around the world. Italic is not simply a synonym for Italian. Italic is someone who appreciates and recognizes the charm of Italy. The Italic does not necessarily have a passport or an Italian bloodline; he can live in Italy or anywhere else. The way of life and the commonality of values is the glue that unites Italics and this can become a soft power of Italy, strengthening the Italian State internally and externally. We refer to that mix of culture, taste, style, quality craftsmanship, fashion, design, high-value manufacturing, electronics, robotics, avant-garde entrepreneurship and gastronomic excellence that gives life to a refined art of living well.</p> </abstract>
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Pitini, Erica, Valentina Baccolini, Annalisa Rosso, Azzurra Massimi, Corrado De Vito, Carolina Marzuillo i Paolo Villari. "How Public Health Professionals View Mandatory Vaccination in Italy—A Cross-Sectional Survey". Vaccines 9, nr 6 (1.06.2021): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9060580.
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In response to the decline in child vaccination coverage and the subsequent occurrence of large vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks, in 2017 Italy introduced a new law that made ten vaccines mandatory for children aged 0–16 years. The policy change initiated an ongoing debate among the general public, as well as in the political arena and the scientific community, over this major public health concern. Hence, we conducted a survey aimed at assessing Italian public health professionals’ attitudes towards and opinions on mandatory vaccination. A validated online questionnaire was administered to 1350 members of the Italian Society of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health. Among the 1044 responders (response rate 77%), a large majority were in favour of the Italian mandatory vaccination law (91%) and against its repeal (74%). Nevertheless, according to our sample, maintaining a high level of vaccination coverage without the need to mandate would be preferable, and thus efforts to promote vaccine confidence and proactive vaccine uptake are still needed.
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Gianotti, V., S. Panseri, E. Robotti, M. Benzi, E. Mazzucco, F. Gosetti, P. Frascarolo i in. "Chemical and Microbiological Characterization for PDO Labelling of Typical East Piedmont (Italy) Salami". Journal of Chemistry 2015 (2015): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/597471.
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This study is focused on the characterisation of typical salami produced in Alessandria province (North West of Italy). Seventeen small or medium salami producers from this area were involved in the study and provided the samples investigated. The aim is double and consists in obtaining a screening of the characteristics of different products and following their evolution along ripening. The study involved five types of typical salami that were characterised for aroma components and nutritional features. This approach could provide a basis for a possible PDO or PGI label request. Principal Component Analysis and cluster analysis were used as multivariate statistical tools for data treatment. The overall results obtained point out that the products investigated do not deviate from analogous European products and show the possibility of characterising by specific parameters three main groups of samples:Salamini di Mandrogne,Muletta, andNobile Giarolo; moreover some considerations can also be drawn with respect to the nutritional characterization considering the biogenic amines profile.
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Carbone, Maurizio. "Between ambition and ambivalence: Italy and the European Union's Mediterranean policy". Modern Italy 13, nr 2 (maj 2008): 155–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13532940801962041.
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This article reviews Italy's role in the various phases of the European Union's policy towards the Mediterranean: the ad hoc policy of the 1950s and 1960s, the Global Mediterranean Policy developed in the 1970s, the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership agreed in Barcelona in 1995, the European Neighbourhood Policy signed in 2003, the proposal launched by French president Nicolas Sarkozy in 2006 for a Mediterranean Union. The overall argument is that the various Italian governments have carried out an ambivalent and often reactive policy: on the one hand, they have consistently tried to promote a Mediterranean dimension in the European Union, though without upsetting the United States; on the other hand, they have limited the extension of trade privileges to exports from North Africa. While the end of the Cold War provided a new opportunity for Italy to play a more assertive role in the international arena, the two coalitions that have alternated in power have substantially failed to move the Mediterranean to the centre of Italy's and the European Union's external policy. A partial change of attitude – yet a reactive policy – emerged under the second Prodi Government, when Italy and Spain became close allies in an attempt to counter-balance the new activist policy of Sarkozy.
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Berardi, Umberto, Gino Iannace, Amelia Trematerra i Antonella Bevilacqua. "Virtual acoustic reconstruction of the Roman amphitheater of Avella in Italy". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, nr 4 (październik 2022): A273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0016249.
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In ancient Rome, gladiator fights were very popular. The places where these shows took place were called amphitheaters, due to the particular shape of the elliptical building. Amphitheaters were widespread, and in each city, one or more of these buildings was present. This paper describes the virtual reconstruction of the acoustics of the amphitheater Avella, close to Naples, Italy. This amphitheater was discovered a few decades ago and was only partially rebuilt. Today, it is used for musical performances during the summer season mainly. The plan of the building is elliptical, and the dimensions of the arena are 35 m for the minor axis and 65 m for the major axis. Acoustic measurements were performed in the current state with an impulsive sound source and the acoustic parameters were obtained according to the ISO 3382 standard. Subsequently, from the dimensions of the current state and in analogy with the architecture of other amphitheaters existing today, a virtual reconstruction of the original shape was performed. The virtual model was developed with the architectural acoustics software Ramsete in order to obtain the acoustic characteristics of the amphitheater as it was in Roman times. In particular, the spatial distribution of the acoustic characteristics on the steps where the audience was seated is described and discussed.
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Carabetta, Sonia, Rosa Di Sanzo, Salvatore Fuda, Adele Muscolo i Mariateresa Russo. "A Predictive Model to Correlate Amino Acids and Aromatic Compounds in Calabrian Honeys". Foods 12, nr 17 (1.09.2023): 3284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12173284.
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To better understand the biochemistry of the organoleptic properties of honey influencing its commercial value, a predictive model for correlating amino acid profiles to aromatic compounds was built. Because the amino acid composition of different varieties of honey plays a key role as a precursor of specific aroma bouquets, it is necessary to relate the amino acid typesetting to aromatic molecules. A selection of unifloral honeys produced in Calabria, South Italy, were used, and a new methodology based on the use of HILIC-UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS and HS-SPME-GC-MS combined with multivariate processing has been developed. This study, carried out for the first time on honey, shows its excellent potential as a modern analytical tool for a rapid multicomponent analysis of food-quality indicators. Data obtained showed strong positive linear correlations between aldehydes and isoleucine, valine, leucine, and phenylalanine. Furans are correlated with isoleucine, leucine, and phenylalanine; hydrocarbons with serine, glutamic acid, and aspartic acid; and ketones with serine, alanine, glutamine, histidine, asparagine, and lysine. Alcohols were more associated with tyrosine than esters with arginine. Proline, tryptophan, and threonine showed poor correlations with all the classes of aroma compounds.
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Wiadnyani, Luh Diah, i Luh Eka Susanti. "Zero Waste Management : Alternatif Penggunaan Biji Nangka Sebagai Pengganti Almond Dalam Pembuatan Biscotti". Jurnal Ilmiah Pariwisata dan Bisnis 2, nr 3 (30.03.2023): 788–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22334/paris.v2i3.371.
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Biscotti merupakan salah satu jenis cookies yang berasal dari Italia dan biasanya kacang-kacangan yang digunakan adalah kacang almond. Namun dengan harganya yang lumayan mahal penulis tertarik untuk menggunakan biji nangka sebagai alternatif pengganti almond. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kualitas biscotti dengan penggunaan biji nangka sebagai pengganti almond dari segi rasa, warna, tekstur dan aroma. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu Teknik desktiptif dengan melakukan uji organoleptik pada 30 panelis. Hasil uji organoleptik yang diperoleh yaitu biscotti dengan penggunaan biji nangka sebagai pengganti almond yaitu memiliki rasa sangat enak, aroma cukup sedap, teksur kurang renyah dan warna kuning kecoklatan. Hasil dari daya simpan biscotti dengan penggunaan biji nangka sebagai pengganti almond baik dikonsumsi sampai 10 hari dalam kemasan kedap udara dan pada suhu ruangan.
Biscotti is a type of cookie originating from Italy and usually the nuts used are almonds. However, with the price being quite expensive, the author is interested in using jackfruit seeds as an alternative to almonds. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of biscotti with the use of jackfruit seeds as a substitute for almonds in terms of taste, color, texture and aroma. The data analysis technique used is descriptive technique by conducting organoleptic tests on 30 panelists. The results of the organoleptic test obtained were biscotti with the use of jackfruit seeds as a substitute for almonds, which had a very good taste, quite pleasant aroma, less crunchy texture and a brownish yellow color. The results of the shelf life of biscotti with the use of jackfruit seeds as a substitute for almonds are good for consumption for up to 10 days in airtight packaging and at room temperature.
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Coscas-Williams, Béatrice, i Michal Alberstein. "A Patchwork of Doors". New Criminal Law Review 22, nr 4 (2019): 585–617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/nclr.2019.22.4.585.
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Our paper surveys the development of criminal hybrid models in two continental jurisdictions, Italy and France, following the 1987 Recommendation of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe to accelerate criminal proceedings through the introduction of guilty pleas, out-of-court settlements and simplified proceedings. We describe various frameworks for criminal justice as a multi-door arena, of which the plea bargaining is but one of several possibilities. In our review, we emphasize consensual elements, the place of the search of truth, and the role of the judges and other stakeholders. We outline the different paths that France and Italy have taken as incorporating adversarial and inquisitorial elements to increase efficiency. The French system made gradual modifications and remained inquisitorial by nature. Aside from the more recent integration of proceedings without trial inspired by plea bargaining, it has developed doors of abbreviated trials where the investigation stage is minimized. This has resulted in a different version of the vanishing trial—the vanishing investigation. The Italian system, on the other hand, has announced a drastic transformation to an adversarial framework of trial, while adopting mainly proceedings without trial. This shift has not resulted in a vanishing trial phenomenon, and currently, the full adversarial-type trial remains the main door in Italy. We describe the sequence of transformations of these systems and emphasize the significance of this contemporary patchwork of doors in terms of the role of the judges and the possibility of implementing a conflict resolution criminal justice perspective.
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Ruiu, Maria Laura, Gabriele Ruiu, Massimo Ragnedda i Felice Addeo. "Exploring Digital-Environment Habitus in Italy—How Digital Practices Reflect Users’ Environmental Orientations?" Sustainability 16, nr 12 (7.06.2024): 4880. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16124880.
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This study employs the Bourdieusian concept of habitus to explore how users’ mental dispositions are associated with both their eco-conscious use of digital technologies and online behaviours. The digital-environmental habitus, reflecting such a combination of digital technology use and environmental attitudes, is explored through an online survey of 1188 participants. Factorial analyses are used to measure the environmental orientation of digital users, their digital expertise, and the digital-environmental habitus, encompassing both awareness and behavioural dimensions. We then use a path structural model to investigate the relationship among these constructs. The results indicate that pro-environmental dispositions are associated with digital pro-environmental awareness and behaviours. The existence of digital-specific environmental awareness also enhances pro-environmental digital behaviours, emphasising the importance of educating users about the environmental impact of digital tools. While digital expertise alone does not significantly predict digital-environmental awareness, it does moderate the digital-environmental habitus’s behavioural aspect, promoting behaviours mutually beneficial for users and the environment. Further research is needed to understand how benefit-oriented and eco-centric environmentalism manifests in the digital arena.
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Michelini, Samanta, Selena Tomada, Amy Ellen Kadison, Florian Pichler, Fenja Hinz, Martin Zejfart, Francesco Iannone i in. "Modeling malic acid dynamics to ensure quality, aroma and freshness of Pinot blanc wines in South Tyrol (Italy)". OENO One 55, nr 2 (23.04.2021): 159–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2021.55.2.4570.
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Pinot blanc is a leading grapevine variety in South Tyrol (Italy) for wine production. The high quality of its wines derives from a typical aroma of elegant apple notes and lively acidity. The typicity of the final wine depends on the origin of the vine, the soil, the oenological practices and time of harvest. The South Tyrolean mountainous areas meet the cold climatic requirements of Pinot blanc, which guarantee its sweet-acidic harmony obtained when organic acids are in balance with the other components of the wine. However, increasing temperatures in valley sites during the berry development period boost the activity of malic acid (MA) enzymes, which negatively affect the final sugar/acid ratio. Researchers are currently focused on understanding acid dynamics in wines, and there are no references for the best sugar/acid ratio for Pinot blanc. Moreover, the contribution of individual acids to the sensory profile of this wine has not yet been studied. In this study we address the effect of different climate conditions and site elevations on the sugar/acid ratio in developmental grapevine berries, and we evaluate the effect on wine bouquet. Even if different models and indices have been proposed for predicting sugar content, no predictive models exist for MA in white grapes. In a three-year study (2017, 2018 and 2019) that involved eight vineyards in four different location in South Tyrol at various elevations ranging from 223 to 730 m a.s.l., the relationships between bioclimatic indices, such as growing-degree day (GDD) and grapevine sugar ripeness (GSR) and grapevine berry content were investigated. The analysis reveals that GDD may potentially predict MA dynamics in Pinot blanc; hence, a GDD-based model was used to determine the GDD to reach target MA concentrations (3.5, 3.0, 2.5, 2.0 g/L). This simple model was improved with additional temperature-based parameters by feature selection, and the best three advanced models were selected and evaluated by 5-fold cross-validation. These models could be used to support location and harvest date choice to produce high-quality Pinot blanc wines.