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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Architectural Products Division"
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Szafran, Marcin J., Dagmara Jakimowicz i Marie A. Elliot. "Compaction and control—the role of chromosome-organizing proteins in Streptomyces". FEMS Microbiology Reviews 44, nr 6 (13.07.2020): 725–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femsre/fuaa028.
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ABSTRACT Chromosomes are dynamic entities, whose organization and structure depend on the concerted activity of DNA-binding proteins and DNA-processing enzymes. In bacteria, chromosome replication, segregation, compaction and transcription are all occurring simultaneously, and to ensure that these processes are appropriately coordinated, all bacteria employ a mix of well-conserved and species-specific proteins. Unusually, Streptomyces bacteria have large, linear chromosomes and life cycle stages that include multigenomic filamentous hyphae and unigenomic spores. Moreover, their prolific secondary metabolism yields a wealth of bioactive natural products. These different life cycle stages are associated with profound changes in nucleoid structure and chromosome compaction, and require distinct repertoires of architectural—and regulatory—proteins. To date, chromosome organization is best understood during Streptomyces sporulation, when chromosome segregation and condensation are most evident, and these processes are coordinated with synchronous rounds of cell division. Advances are, however, now being made in understanding how chromosome organization is achieved in multigenomic hyphal compartments, in defining the functional and regulatory interplay between different architectural elements, and in appreciating the transcriptional control exerted by these ‘structural’ proteins.
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Aloyan, Artyom A., i Ashot Yu Safaryan. "Peculiarities of Urban Strategy Formation of the Republic of Armenia". Advanced Materials Research 1020 (październik 2014): 875–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1020.875.
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Issues of establishing new methodology for urban strategy of the Republic of Armenia are considered. Тhe peculiarities of urban policy at different stages of economic growth of the country are studied. Analysis of underlying legislative, normative and project documents of the post-Soviet period are carried out, particularly territorial planning projects of the Republic of Armenia and separate regions, recently approved master plans and zoning projects of the majority of RA cities. Based on studies formerly undertaken by local scientific subdivisions on development of theoretical basis and prospects for growth of architectural, town planning and building complexes, systems of Urban Code and Urban Cadastre as well have established legislative and normative background, and within the structure of architectural and building complexes а qualitative leap has occured. However, all these developments and urban documents as products of transition period are based on relatively incomplete taxon data. It is obvious that the role of state control and programs formulating single state urban development strategy will increase and remain significant. Division of urban planning activities into separate categories is given that is considered both in an alternative and complex aspect, in the light of basic goals implementation of prospective urban policy and internationally enshrined principles of sustainable development are proposed.
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Dressler, Marc, i Ivan Paunovic. "Customer-centric offer design". International Journal of Wine Business Research 31, nr 1 (11.03.2019): 109–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijwbr-07-2018-0036.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to provide insight into characteristics of visitor demand for a regionally oriented vinotheque (wine bar and shop) at a UNESCO world heritage destination in Germany. The research especially focuses on expected offer components for a wine bar and shop, including wine-related products and services, to test the theoretical notion of blurred division between product and service offerings. The literature review has revealed that implications of this conceptual notion on wine bar and shop offer creation could be profound as there are different types of wine bar and shops with different product–service combinations. Moreover, the offer creation needs to take into account the overall needs of wine bar and shop visitors and consider them as experience seekers and not necessarily utility-maximizing players. In this sense, the paper expands previous research on vinotheques that primarily took the wine retail perspective. Design/methodology/approach The study deals with wine-related sales, offer design and the importance of tourism and hospitality for wine sales in a non-growing wine market. However, the concept of increasing wine sales through tourism and hospitality brings to the forefront the issues of creating integrated offerings of products and services. This is why, the study deploys the concepts of hybrid products and experience economy. The primary data have been collected via self-administered, paper-based questionnaire (Appendix 2) amongst visitors at the St. Goar/Loreley tourist destination. The goal has been to reveal the importance of a wine bar and shop as a wine sales channel, whether visitors are interested in visiting a wine bar and shop, what major expectations they have entering a vinotheque, as well as what major offer components of products and/or services are they interested in. Total sample size was N = 400. Major statistical procedure deployed was descriptive statistics, as well as PCA (principal component analysis) of expectations and offer analysis in regards to products and services. Findings By deploying the PCA on the data regarding interest in buying wine-related products and services, three offer configurations have been extracted, out of which only one is purely related to products, whilst the other two are hybrid products, meaning a combination of wine-related products and services. Relevance of architectural design illustrates that visitors also seek experience. These findings confirm previously discussed theories on the importance of integrating products and services into hybrid products and creating experience with a suitable combination of products and services. Research limitations/implications Data collection has taken place in a confined timeframe (two summer months). No active measures have been taken to ensure the validity of the sample through quotas or similar techniques. The research sample and location are somewhat limited for making conclusions in other geographical regions, but replicating the study in different contexts can add to the comparability of the results on the level of Germany, but also internationally. The empirical evidence for superior customer value of hybrid offerings and integrating services into product-centric offer design is of paramount importance for selling wine in a highly competitive market in absence of market growth. Wine bar and shop allows to differentiate the offer by creating wine-related experience through a combination of product (wine and wine-related products), hospitality/gastronomic services and tourism services. The insights also illustrate the idea of new market opportunities via connecting converging industries. Practical implications The study contributes to close a gap identified in the literature review that German wineries lag wine-tourism activities. It provides advice in regards to offer design and hybrid offerings and an experiential experience supported by architectural design. Such an approach offers the potential to win market share in a non-growing market – an ambition of the players in the market but also an obvious challenge. Social implications The findings contribute to regional development. Furthermore, arguments for cooperative behavior are provided. This should also help to minimize free ridership and its negative social implications. Originality/value The paper adopts a multidisciplinary approach to the creation of wine bar and shop offer. The results point out that offerings should be created around a core wine tourism product – regional and cellar door offer – and be expanded by “food design” – components, attractive architectural elements, as well as web shop services, thereby creating an advanced wine-related experience. It confirms the importance of theoretical concepts such as experience economy, hybrid products and solution provision in the case of wine bar and shop, by testing these concepts on the group of visitors at a German wine and cultural destination.
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Zhang, Na, Wei Xu i Yong Tan. "Multi-attribute hierarchical clustering for product family division of customized wooden doors". BioResources 18, nr 4 (4.10.2023): 7889–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.4.7889-7904.
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To improve the production system for customized wooden doors and to gain research and development efficiency, this paper proposed the feasibility of using hierarchical clustering algorithms to cluster a company’s customized wooden door products and its application to rational product family architecture. The particular use of multi-attribute feature data to locate products and the integration of image data into the database can make the original hierarchical clustering more compatible and adaptable for application to customized wooden doors. The preprocessed data was analyzed by clustering to obtain the clustering results and similarity relationships. Hierarchical clustering results were uneven and not entirely interpreted. However, the internal order structure of clusters and the clustering process could be clearly observed, and the distance hierarchical relationship between the products could be obtained, which was beneficial to the division of the product architecture. The results illustrated that processing using hierarchical clustering of multi-attribute data is feasible for optimizing customized wooden door product systems. In addition, the product architecture, product coding rules, and front-end development process were established to improve standardization and research and development efficiency. There is still great potential for developing the custom wooden door category in custom furniture companies.
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Davidson, Carla, Przemyslaw Prusinkiewicz i Patrick von Aderkas. "Description of a novel organ in the gametophyte of the fern Schizaea pusilla and its contribution to overall plant architecture". Botany 86, nr 10 (październik 2008): 1217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b08-085.
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Plant architecture is determined by cell division and growth, thus simulation models describing these processes are ideal for determining how local development produces the overall plant form. Because fern gametophytes are structurally simple, they are ideal for investigating the effects of cellular growth and division on plant form. In this work we examine the gametophytic development of Schizaea pusilla Pursh., a small, bog-adapted fern whose gametophyte forms as a mass of single-celled filaments. Using light and scanning electron microscopy we made detailed observations of gametophyte development to generate data for a simulation mechanical model of S. pusilla gametophyte development. To examine how plant architecture is an emergent property of cell division, we constructed a simulation model expressed using the formalism of L-systems. While developing a model of growth in this fern we discovered a previously undescribed structure that contributes to the architecture of this plant, which we term knots. We document the development of knots and demonstrate how they contribute to the overall plant architecture.
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Jia, Rui Feng, Gui Yan Li i Yan Hong Dong. "Architecture Description Method of Simulation Training System Based on Multiple Views". Applied Mechanics and Materials 373-375 (sierpień 2013): 1017–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.373-375.1017.
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Establishing architecture is the premise of system development. It is necessary for establishment architecture of simulation training system to meet the needs of scientific hierarchy, Reasonable composition division, Technical feasibility and Integrity, Consistence and Traceability of content design. on this basis, puts forward five views is used to describe the simulation training system, and has carried on the detailed elaboration on the relationship between the various products in the view, with operation and reference.
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Zheng, Tangchun, Lijuan Dai, Yi Liu, Shuang Li, Mi Zheng, Zhongnan Zhao i Guan-Zheng Qu. "Overexpression Populus d-Type Cyclin Gene PsnCYCD1;1 Influences Cell Division and Produces Curved Leaf in Arabidopsis thaliana". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, nr 11 (29.05.2021): 5837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115837.
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d-type cyclins (CYCDs) are a special class of cyclins and play extremely important roles in plant growth and development. In the plant kingdom, most of the existing studies on CYCDs have been done on herbaceous plants, with few on perennial woody plants. Here, we identified a Populus d-type cyclin gene, PsnCYCD1;1, which is mainly transcribed in leaf buds and stems. The promoter of PsnCYCD1;1 activated GUS gene expression and transgenic Arabidopsis lines were strongly GUS stained in whole seedlings and mature anthers. Moreover, subcellular localization analysis showed the fluorescence signal of PsnCYCD1;1-GFP fusion protein is present in the nucleus. Furthermore, overexpression of the PsnCYCD1;1 gene in Arabidopsis can promote cell division and lead to small cell generation and cytokinin response, resulting in curved leaves and twisted inflorescence stems. Moreover, the transcriptional levels of endogenous genes, such as ASs, KNATs, EXP10, and PHB, were upregulated by PsnCYCD1;1. Together, our results indicated that PsnCYCD1;1 participates in cell division by cytokinin response, providing new information on controlling plant architecture in woody plants.
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Wang, Shuai, Zhongkai Li, Chao He, Dengzhuo Liu i Guangyu Zou. "An Integrated Method for Modular Design Based on Auto-Generated Multi-Attribute DSM and Improved Genetic Algorithm". Symmetry 14, nr 1 (31.12.2021): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14010048.
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Modular architecture is very conducive to the development, maintenance, and upgrading of electromechanical products. In the initial stage of module division, the design structure matrix (DSM) is a crucial measure to concisely express the component relationship of electromechanical products through the visual symmetrical structure. However, product structure modeling, as a very important activity, was mostly carried out manually by engineers relying on experience in previous studies, which was inefficient and difficult to ensure the consistency of the model. To overcome these problems, an integrated method for modular design based on auto-generated multi-attribute DSM and improved genetic algorithm (GA) is presented. First, the product information extraction algorithm is designed based on the automatic programming structure provided by commercial CAD software, to obtain the assembly, degrees of freedom, and material information needed for modeling. Secondly, based on the evaluation criteria of product component correlation strength, the structural correlation DSM and material correlation DSM of components are established, respectively, and the comprehensive correlation DSM of products is obtained through weighting processing. Finally, the improved GA and the modularity evaluation index Q are used to complete the product module division and obtain the optimal modular granularity. Based on a model in published literature and a bicycle model, comparative studies are carried out to verify the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed method.
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Guo, Wei, KwangHyok Ri, Luping Cui i Jizeng Wei. "An Area-Efficient Unified Architecture for Multi-Functional Double-Precision Floating-Point Computation". Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 24, nr 10 (25.10.2015): 1550151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126615501510.
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In this paper, we propose a unified architecture for computation of double-precision floating-point division, reciprocal, square root, inverse square root and multiplication with a significant area reduction. First, a double-precision multiplication-based divider, the common datapath shared with these arithmetic computations, is optimized by a modified Goldschmidt algorithm to achieve better area efficiency. In this algorithm, a linear-degree minimax approximation instead of second-degree is used to obtain a 15-bit precision estimate of the reciprocal so that we can get a rather small lookup table (LUT) as well as reduced amount of computation when accumulating the partial products. Two Goldschmidt iterations specially designed for hardware reuse are performed to gain the final accurate result of division. By virtue of the pipelined processing, the time cost for the two iterations is minimized. Second, a reconfigurable datapath with a little extra area cost is introduced to dynamically support multiple double-precision computations by executing the optimized divider iteratively. The design is finally implemented and synthesized in SMIC 0.13-μm CMOS process. The experimental results show that the proposed design can achieve a speed of 400 MHz with area of 61.6 K logic gates and 9-Kb LUT. Compared with other works, the area efficiency (performance/area ratio) of the proposed unified architecture is increased by about 20% in average, which is a better performance-area trade-off for embedded microprocessors.
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AMIN, ALAAELDIN. "GENERALIZED ALGORITHMS FOR BINARY MODULO MULTIPLICATION AND MULTIPLICATION-DIVISION". Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 19, nr 08 (grudzień 2010): 1797–815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126610007134.
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This paper, describes novel algorithms and circuitry for binary modulo-multiplication and combined multiplication-division. Unlike the commonly used Montgomery modular multiplier, no domain mapping is needed for the input operands or the output result. Further, the new algorithms work for both even and odd moduli. The combined multiplication-division algorithm produces the quotient as well as the remainder thus allowing the implementation of simple multiplier-dividers. The proposed algorithm uses left shift-based multiplication while maintaining the size of the intermediate running product contained by interleaving reduction and multiplication operations. Reduction is determined by examining only the two most significant bits of the running product if Carry-Propagate adders are used or the 3 most significant bits if Carry-Save Adders are used. Hardware implementations of the proposed algorithms show area and delay figures comparable to those of Montgomery.
Książki na temat "Architectural Products Division"
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Lindner, Christoph, i Gerard Sandoval, red. Aesthetics of Gentrification. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463722032.
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Gentrification is reshaping cities worldwide, resulting in seductive spaces and exclusive communities that aspire to innovation, creativity, sustainability, and technological sophistication. Gentrification is also contributing to growing social-spatial division and urban inequality and precarity. In a time of escalating housing crisis, unaffordable cities, and racial tension, scholars speak of eco-gentrification, techno-gentrification, super-gentrification, and planetary gentrification to describe the different forms and scales of involuntary displacement occurring in vulnerable communities in response to current patterns of development and the hype-driven discourses of the creative city, smart city, millennial city, and sustainable city. In this context, how do contemporary creative practices in art, architecture, and related fields help to produce or resist gentrification? What does gentrification look and feel like in specific sites and communities around the globe, and how is that appearance or feeling implicated in promoting stylized renewal to a privileged public? In what ways do the aesthetics of gentrification express contested conditions of migration and mobility? Addressing these questions, this book examines the relationship between aesthetics and gentrification in contemporary cities from multiple, comparative, global, and transnational perspectives.
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Tabbaa, Yasser. The Production of Meaning in Islamic Architecture and Ornament. Edinburgh University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474482189.001.0001.
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The book presents investigative and interpretive articles on some of the most significant monuments and innovative features of medieval Islamic architecture, ornament, and gardens in Syria and Iraq, with comparative expansions into Anatolia, Egypt, North Africa, and Spain. These monuments, many of which have vanished in recent years, are examined within the context of the political divisions and theological ruptures that characterized the Islamic world between the eleventh and mid thirteenth centuries. Although some of these forms—including muqarnas vaulting, proportioned Qur’anic scripts, and cursive public inscriptions—would become ubiquitous in all Islamic architecture, these papers argue that they were produced and systematized within highly contentious political and theological discourses that imbued them with fairly specific meanings. Furthermore, the monumental types that were created in this period—in particular, the madrasa, the hospital, the tribunal (dar al-‘adl), and the citadel palace—represent borrowings from Baghdad, the Abbasid capital and safeguard of Sunni Islam. As such, the reader will be presented with medieval Islamic architecture as a discursive formation that echoes, though on a reduced scale, Abbasid glory and signals future developments in later Islamic architecture.
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Moland, Lydia L. Hegel’s Philosophy of Art. Redaktor Dean Moyar. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199355228.013.26.
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Despite Hegel’s effusive praise for art as one of the ways humans express truth, art by his description is both essentially limited and at perpetual risk of ending. This hybrid assessment is apparent first in Hegel’s account of art’s development, which shows art culminating in classical sculpture’s perfect unity, but then, unable to depict Christianity’s interiority, evolving into religion, surrendering to division, or dissipating into prose. It is also evident in his ranking of artistic genres from architecture to poetry according to their ability to help humans produce themselves both individually and collectively: the more adequately art depicts human self-understanding, the more it risks ceasing to be art. Nevertheless, art’s myriad endings do not exhaust its potential. Art that makes humans alive to the unity and interdependence at the heart of reality continues to express the Idea and so achieves Hegel’s ambitions for its role in human life.
Części książek na temat "Architectural Products Division"
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Nigam, Anukriti, i Avitesh Vaishnavi Nayak. "BACTERIAL CELLULOSE: MATERIAL SCIENCE DRIVEN ARCHITECTURAL INNOVATION". W Futuristic Trends in Construction Materials & Civil Engineering Volume 3 Book 1, 20–41. Iterative International Publishers, Selfypage Developers Pvt Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58532/v3bjce1p1ch3.
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Geometric-driven form generation was the product of the institutionalised division between form, structure, and material that was firmly ingrained in modernist design theory and paralleled by a systematic segmentation between modelling, analysis, and manufacture. This preference for form above substance was included into the creation and design logic of CAD. As a result of current pressures and an increasing understanding of the shortcomings and environmental risks of this strategy, modern design culture is transitioning to a more material- aware mind-set. Inspired by natural processes, where form development is dependent on local variations in the material properties to maximise performance while using the fewest resources possible. This approach assumes that material comes first and that shape results from the organisation of material qualities in relation to structural and environmental performance. Products that are not based on fuel have outstanding mechanical and biodegradability properties, particularly bio- polymers. Bacterial cellulose has proven to be an extraordinarily versatile bio-polymer, drawing interest in a wide range of practical scientific applications including electronics, biomedical devices, and tissue-engineering. Development of bio-fabrication methods connected to material-informed computational modelling and material science is required by the introduction of bacterial cellulose as a building material. The paper reviews, suggests and demonstrates approaches for a material-based strategy in exploiting the enormous potential of Bacterial Celulose-based bio-materials and their potential to have a profound impact on the ideas of architectural innovation and sustainability for a better future.
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Shokoohy, Mehrdad, i Natalie H. Shokoohy. "Domestic Architecture". W Bayana, 415–60. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474460729.003.0008.
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Bayana is exceptional in the rare survival of 15th century dwellings, abandoned but still standing in the Fort after the 1505 earthquake. They provide insights into structure and methods of construction as well as a typology, from single-room dwellings to courtyard plan houses and those with an open-fronted hall (īwān) and flanking chambers, featuring standardized, apparently mass-produced, stone elements which could include Qur’anic inscriptions. The division of space from public to private is discussed, and the role of private gardens providing seclusion. The survey enables identification of secular and religious structures, and shows the similarity between the plot layout of the ruined domestic dwellings in Tughluqābād, as well as of the later surviving mansions of Chanderi, and their antecedents in the planning of palaces and houses in Central Iran. The continuation of the house form in Sufi khānaqāhs, distinguishing them from orthodox religious structures is highlighted, and comparisons made with the 17th century merchants’ houses in the Armenian quarter of Isfahan.
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"Development and implementation of a product module division system based on the function–principle–structure". W Civil, Architecture and Environmental Engineering, 348–51. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315226187-57.
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Saltzman, W. Mark. "Cell Aggregation and Tissue Equivalents". W Tissue Engineering. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195141306.003.0013.
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Development of an individual from a fertilized egg involves a rich choreography of cell division, cell movement, and cell shape change. Cells replicate, interact with their surroundings, and move individually and in coordination. Development produces a multicellular organism in which cells are organized into cooperative communities. Adult tissues and organs are orderly ensembles of cells—usually the ensemble contains more than one type of cell—in which both ensemble architecture and dynamic interactions between individual cells are critical for proper function. Tissues are collections of cells, united for a common function. Tissues that differ in function also differ in architecture, that is, in the shape and arrangement of cells. Even in the absence of other information, this observation could lead one to speculate on the power of the influence of cell–cell interactions on tissue development and function. It is well known that selective cell adhesion is a fundamental mechanism underlying mammalian development (see Chapter 3). But cell adhesion and cell–cell communication are essential throughout the lifetime of an organism. The previous three chapters described the biophysical processes of division, adhesion, and motility and introduced some of the molecular mechanisms that cells use to interact with, and learn about, their environment. This chapter considers the relationship of cell adhesion to cell aggregation, or the formation and maintenance of cell communities. The role of cell adhesion in circulation and trafficking of cells throughout the body is discussed in Chapter 10. A community is often more effective than the sum of its members. This is abundantly evident in biological systems; swarms of bees and colonies of ants are more effective than their numbers suggest because bees and ants can act in coordination. Synergistic activity in multicomponent biological systems requires information exchange between units and control mechanisms to guide a unit response. Cell aggregates are communities of cells that are organized in a specific three-dimensional architecture. The preferred aggregation pattern within a particular tissue or organ has important consequences with regard to tissue function.
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Pahsa, Alper. "Applications of Systems Engineering Technical Process Flows on Enterprise Systems". W Systems-of-Systems Perspectives and Applications - Design, Modeling, Simulation and Analysis (MS&A), Gaming and Decision Support. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90817.
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Systems engineering (SE) and SE management is the objective of all SE efforts, which defines the transformation of specific customer needs into a system product, service, or enterprise systems. Enterprise systems of systems engineering apply systems engineering fundamentals to the design of an enterprise. It is created by knowledge, principles, and processes tailored to the design of enterprise systems. Enterprise is a complex, socio-technical system that includes interdependent resources of people, information, and technology to reach a common goal. Enterprise systems is complex that a system configuration can be controlled among the different stakeholders. There are four different steps in enterprise systems process; it includes technology planning (TP), capabilities-based engineering analysis (CBEA), enterprise architecture, and enterprise analysis and assessment. This is the main reason that the enterprise work is developed and established at HAVELSAN Inc., Information and Security Technology Division. SE and technical processes for enterprise projects require establishing a systematic taxonomy and SE process customization. This chapter presents the work done on SE for enterprise projects at HAVELSAN. The chapter presents the results of the study of similarities and differences of the various applications of systems engineering of product systems oriented against enterprise systems.
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Swapna, H. R., Sanjeet Singh, Geetika Madaan, Sonali Mishra, Digvijay Pandey i Uday Kumar Kanike. "Globalization and Emerging Opportunities and Challenges in Sustainable Environment in Industry 4.0". W Handbook of Research on Safe Disposal Methods of Municipal Solid Wastes for a Sustainable Environment, 48–68. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-8117-2.ch004.
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The rapid technological advancement of the manufacturing sector over the past few decades inevitably led to the rise of Industry 4.0. It has the potential to significantly alter how globalisation is practiced in the production and consumption of products and services across international markets. In this chapter, the authors take a closer look at the rise of Industry 4.0 and the new technical architecture that underpins it, as well as the benefits it's expected to bring. In addition, how technology can be used to fortify a company's competitiveness and shield it from the perils of this transformation. The new global division of labour, the worldwide supply chain, and the global value chain will all be profoundly affected by this multifaceted technology, as evidenced by a thorough examination of the relevant literature. It will alter the competitive landscape by shifting the advantage away from large corporations and toward small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in emerging marketsand developed markets. As human and technological skills advance quickly, businesses may be able to profit.
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Mann, David G., i Harvey J. Marchant. "The Origins Of The Diatom And Its Life Cycle". W The Chromophyte Algae, 307–24. Oxford University PressOxford, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198577133.003.0016.
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Abstract The vegetative cell of diatoms is suggested to have evolved from the diploid zygotic cyst of a haplontic pre-diatom with a flagellate vegetative phase. The cyst wall contained many similar siliceous plates, each of which developed centrifugally, as in diatom valves and scales. Growth of the pre-diatom in marginal habitats may have selected for mechanisms allowing mitotic division of the cyst, rather than meiotic germination to produce zoids, and this in turn could have brought about a change from multipolarity to bipolarity in cyst wall architecture. The structure of the recently described chrysophyte order, the Parmales, lends some support to this proposed phylogeny. The siliceous components of the walls of both the diatoms and Parmales are similar in several respects, suggesting that the Parmales may be the closest extant relatives of the diatoms and an offshoot from the pre-diatom stock.
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Kuppusamy, Elamvazhuthi, i Kailash Mariappan. "Integration of Operation Technology (OT) and Information Technology (IT) Through Intelligent Automation in Manufacturing Industries". W Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde210050.
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The results of integrating OT and IT in Manufacturing Industries are Increase in Productivity, Reduction in Waste, Savings in Labor and Energy and Better Maintenance. The convergence of IT and OT in IoT has been going on for a while and there isn’t a strict division between them in the real world. Traditionally, IT is responsible for creating, storing and securing an organization’s data. At the same time, OT focuses primarily on processes that take place in the physical world-think managing productivity, people, and machinery. There are Pre Design Phases and Final Design Phases for Implementation of the Integration process. Under the Pre Design Phases, Identify the types of Assets in Industrial Zone and those that support Production and then Identify “Who” owns the hardware and software in the asset. In the final Phases of implementation we have: Requirements Phase: Interview all the system owners to gather requirements for operations, configuration and maintenance. Architectural Phase: Produce High level documentation and drawings to meet every requirement. Technical Design Phase: Produce detailed documentation such as drawings, switch configuration and VLAN, IP Address and Firewall ACLs. Implementation Phase: VERIFY “was the product built right?” and VALIDATE “was the right product built?” process. Maintain Phase: Modify configurations and assets to fix anomalies or required operational changes. The Intelligent Automation is Transforming Manufacturing Processes. The explosive growth of the cloud has made on – demand processing more accessible, more efficient and relatively lower cost. Robotic Process Automation (RPA) tools use Cognitive capabilities will replace those that don’t. There are several obvious benefits of automation that can be found in various automation projects as primary positive results. Among others, they include: #Cost Reduction #Higher Accuracy #Increased focus on core competencies #Improved productivity #Better compliance #Creating New jobs #Reducing Employee turnover. Three types of automation in production can be distinguished: 1. Fixed automation, 2. Programmable automation, and 3. Flexible automation. In many industries IT and OT convergence already happens since quite some time (Oil and Gas is just one of the many). Utilities are realizing that to reap the full benefits of advanced metering and smart grid systems, IT and OT must work together. The convergence of IT and OT is about systems, standards and a new way of thinking. We are in the start of Industry 4.0, the industrial internet, cyber – physical systems and evolutions in areas and markets such as Building Management systems, smart metering and critical power.
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Mattick, John S. "Noncoding RNA and RNA Regulatory Networks in the Systems Biology of Animals". W Systems Biology, 269–301. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195300819.003.0010.
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Abstract DNA is best regarded as biological software. It encodes the analog components of cells (proteins, RNAs, and their derived products) as well as the regulatory architecture that controls their division and assembly into multicellular organisms. The human genome contains about 3 billion base pairs of a quaternary code [1,2] that programs the growth and development of a complex organism of around 1014 cells, with a wide variety of bones, muscles, and specialized organs, such as the brain, lung, liver, and kidneys, all with very specific anatomical features and often asymmetric shapes. These structures are not just field approximations, but reflect in their detail the particular genomic program and its polymorphic idiosyncrasies that we inherit from our parents and their ancestors, as evidenced by the individual contours of our faces and bodies. The cellular ontogeny of the nematode wormC. elegans is precise and largely invariant [3], and it is likely that the same generally holds for all animals, with the possible exception of the clonal expansion of some cell types under different physiological or immunological conditions. Controlling the growth patterns, positional identity, organization, and differentiation of cells in the assembly of a complex organism is the major challenge of genomic programming.
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Deforge, Quentin, i Benjamin Lemoine. "The Global South Debt Revolution That Wasn’t". W Sovereign Debt Diplomacies, 232–56. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198866350.003.0011.
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In this article, we analyse how international crises and conflicts over sovereign debt have transformed the agenda of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the Geneva-based organization founded in 1964 and whose history is closely linked to the G77 group of developing countries. We show how UNCTAD’s projects for structural reform of the international financial architecture were contested and ultimately rejected in the 1970s. Such defeats were a blow to the transformative goals that UNCTAD had initially set to achieve. In the 1980s, UNCTAD gradually became a technical agency and its mandate restricted to providing expert assistance and support to developing countries during their negotiations with the Paris Club. Meanwhile, the mandate to produce expertise at the macro level (the so-called ‘upstream’ area), was effectively transferred to the IMF and World Bank. With the development of the Debt Management Financial Analysis System (DMFAS), UNCTAD went from promoting systemic change in international financial architecture to sponsoring the micro-management of domestic policies as remedy to over-indebtedness. But we also show that UNCTAD did not always restrict itself to doing such ‘downstream’ work, i.e., improving debt issuing capacities and technologies of developing countries. While UNCTAD’s recent project on fair principles of lending and borrowing principles conforms to what’s expected from the group of advanced countries, another project involving the creation of an international mechanism of sovereign debt restructuring functioned as a disturbance to this fragile downstream–upstream division of labour between international organizations.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Architectural Products Division"
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Marsden, Gary C., Ted Shaneyfelt, Sadik Esener i Sing H. Lee. "Optoelectronic relational algebraic processor". W OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1991.fbb4.
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The dual scale topology optoelectronic processor (DSTOP) was developed for generalized matrix algebra.1 Vector outer products are a particularly useful feature of the DSTOP architecture. Since the computation is performed electronically, a generalized function may be substituted for conventional numerical multiplication; this is especially useful in symbolic computations such as those required in relational databases. We have developed algorithms appropriate for DSTOP that use generalized outer products in the execution of relational algebraic operations.2 The DSTOP processor serves as a decision subsystem in a relational database machine. The DSTOP relational algebraic processor is well suited to interface with 3D optical storage devices such as optical disks, photorefractive crystals or two-photon memories. The operations performed include joins, set difference, union, intersection and set division. Duplicate removal may also be performed in the support of the projection relational operator. The remaining relational operators, selection and Cartesian product, are not included. Cartesian products require no decision mechanism while selection, which is a unary operator, is best performed on a smaller, front end processor.
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Bergland, G. D. "A Photonic Time-Division Switching Experiment". W Photonics in Switching. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ps.1993.pwb.3.
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An experimental switching system is being designed and built for interconnecting broadband circuits through a photonic time-multiplexed switching network under DFINITY® Communications System call control. The system is called DiSCO, for Distributed Switching with Centralized Optics. The DiSCO system is designed to switch broadband voice, data, and video calls over time multiplexed network paths through a guided-wave photonic network. The photonic network paths are transparent to data and are thus independent of transmitter and receiver bit rate. They are formed by linking together one or more Universal Time-Slots each capable of continuously transporting between 64 Kbps and 3 Mbps of voice, data or video signals. DiSCO's Time-Space-Time system architecture, the photonic broadband switching application, and its Cross-Talk Avoiding switching network topology are well matched with the emerging lithium niobate guided-wave directional coupler and digital optical switch technologies. The DEFINITY System architecture and technology platform is being used and extended in a natural way to implement this experimental system. While this gives the prototype a “production quality” appearance, this should not be taken as an indication that DiSCO will be offered as a commercial product.
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Chen, Jing, Limin Wang i Liangliang Yang. "Development and implementation of a product module division system based on the function–principle–structure". W Proceedings of the International Conference on Civil, Architecture and Environmental Engineering (ICCAE2016). CRC Press/Balkema P.O. Box 11320, 2301 EH Leiden, The Netherlands: CRC Press/Balkema, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315116259-53.
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Kang, Chang Muk, Min Jung Kwak, Nam Wook Cho i Yoo S. Hong. "An Algorithm for Deriving Transition Matrix Based on Product Architecture". W ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49763.
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Economic value of the end-of-life (EOL) product largely depends on a plan of disassembly: how it should be divided into smaller subassemblies and which subassemblies should be disassembled first. To make these decisions, a disassembly structure which means all possible subassembly divisions and their disassembly paths from the bigger assemblies has to be presented in a logical form. A widely used form of presenting this kind of information is a transition matrix. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for automatic derivation of a transition matrix based on architecture of a product.
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Javidi, B., i S. F. Odeh. "Real-time Object Recognition and Classification by Code Division Multiplexed Phase-only Encoded Filters". W Spatial Light Modulators and Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/slma.1988.the13.
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A multiobject shift invariant pattern recognition system that uses Code division multiplexed binary phase-only filters is presented. The system computes the binary correlation between an input pattern with a generalized set of pattern functions. This technique uses a filter which consists of a set of binary phase-only code division multiplexed reference pattern functions. The functions in the reference set may correspond to either different objects or different variations of the object under study. In the proposed architecture, the position of the output binary correlation peaks represent the locations of the objects in the input plane. This is different from phase coded pattern recognition systems in which the location of the output peak determines the class of the input object+. Here, the system is shift invariant and multiple objects can be present at the input plane. The pattern recognition is performed without increasing the space-bandwidth product requirements of the system. Computer simulations of the architecture are also used to study the performance of the pattern recognition architecture. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and the peak to the maximum correlation sidelobe ratio (P/SL) are evaluated as the criteria for the system performance.
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Cole, David E. "An Historical Overview of the Development of the Chevrolet Small-Block V-8 Engine". W ASME 2014 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2014-5695.
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The Chevrolet Small-Block engine was officially introduced to the public as one of the two engines in the 1955 Chevrolet passenger car. Its companion engine powering Chevrolet products was the very dated “Blue-Flame” 6. This six-cylinder driven powertrain was a key contributor to the reputation at that time that Chevrolet cars were dull and, at best, average. The team: In late 1952, my father, Ed Cole, assumed the role as Chevrolet Chief Engineer. A few years earlier he was the Chief Engineer at Cadillac and led the development of a new, advanced design overhead valve V-8. The expectation at Chevy was that he would lead the development of a Chevrolet version but he had other ideas. At this time each GM division had their own powertrain operations. Key people were recruited from across the company based on their unique skills. The entire effort of developing, tooling and launch of the engine, as well as the total vehicle, took less than 2 years. The engine: The Small-Block engine was considered revolutionary at that time. Features included a new casting technology that reduced the casting cores by about half, a valve train that featured simple stamped rocker arms that pivoted on individual studs and elimination of all external oil lines. Its weight was over 40 pounds less than the Blue-Flame 6 and it was very compact. The Chevrolet Small-Block V-8 was a revolutionary engine when it was developed in the 50’s, and even today the basic architecture of the current GM Small-Block is similar.
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Gironi, Roberta. "The Diagonal City: crossing the social divisions". W 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6266.
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Roberta Gironi Departamento de Proyectos Arquitectónicos, UPV. Camino de Vera, s/n. 46022 Valencia Joint Doctorate Dipartimento di Architettura – Teorie e Progetto. “Sapienza” Università degli Studi di Roma. Via Gramsci, 53. 00100 Roma E-mail: roberta.gironi@gmail.com Keywords (3-5): Informal processes, dynamic transformation, new planning approach, flexible space, self-organization Conference topics and scale: Reading and regenerating the informal city Contemporary cities are affected by transformations that put in discussion the claim of control and stability to which the urban project aspires. All those gradual adjustments are manifested according to the demand, bring toward a less formal and more flexible spatial order, for which the traditional forms of the "static" city become the background of the "kinetic" landscape of informal cities. On the contrary of the formal processes of urban planning, informality process is configured as an organic development model and a flexible dynamic system opened to changes. The informal space is produced according to principles of spontaneity and self-organization. A consideration on the possibility to assume different approaches can be proposed. Those approaches should integrate in the design reasoning all the dynamics usually excluded by the discourse on the urban project, which processes can become catalysts to enrich the methods of planning and design of the urban space. Through the analysis of the case-study Previ Lima and the Living Room at the Border of St. Ysidro, the aim is to delineate in which way the contemporary architecture can absorb and metabolize these processes, triggering a different approach to a different method to intervene in the spaces of relationship among formal and informal. It is believed that the informal urban qualities cannot be eliminated and is impossible to ignore the inhabitants' practices, but rather to work on the intersection between collective and individual actions. References Brillembourg A., Feireiss K., Klumpner H. (2005), Informal City (Prestel Publishing, Munich) Cruz T. (2008), "De la frontière globale au quartier de frontière: pratiques d'empiètement", Multitudes, 31(1). Davis M. (2006), Planet of Slums (Verso, London). Hernandez F., Kellett P., Allen L.K. (2010), Rethinking the informal city: critical perspectives from Latin America (Berghahn books, New York, Oxford). McFarlane C., Waibel M., (2012), Urban Informalities: Reflections on the Formal and Informal (Ashgate, Farnham). Jacobs J. (1961), The death and life of great American cities(Random House, New York- Toronto). Roy A., Alsayyad N., (2004) Urban Informality: Transnational Perspectives from the Middle East, Latin America, and South Asia (Lexington Books, Lanham)
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Scientific Committee, EAAE-ARCC-IC. "EAAE-ARCC International Conference & 2nd VIBRArch: The architect and the city. Vol. 2". W EAAE-ARCC International Conference & 2nd VIBRArch. Valencia: Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/eaae-arcc-ic.2020.13832.
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Contemporary thinking regarding architecture is nowadays rather dispersed. But most authors totally agree in the characteristics of the modern subject who inhabits it. This subject is rational, employs several logics and language resources, has articulated complex societies and organizational structures and has created cities to meet and grow. This anthropological relation between architecture and city has gone through different stages in recent times. In the first half of the twentieth century, cities took the initiative by means of their experts as a direct extension of a society which was questioning many aspects of obedience. However, the second half of the twentieth century was marked by a more acquiescent temper, with profitability and productivity in the foreground. As a result, their remarkable growing often has blurred them, habitational products are not connected with social subjects and development initiative is taken by productive sectors. Facing this situation, architecture has recently made a move and has retaken the initiative leaded by a third revisionist generation which employs different cultural variables such as alterity, applied sociology or social activism. Debates on sustainability, landscape, environment, new documentary frameworks and mapping processes, have set the place for new reflections on: limits, borders, traces, surroundings-city interaction, compact or diffuse cities, and many more. Along with such a themed view new topics such as revisiting the rural, have emerged. This third way has collaterally connected with new parameters derived from committed activism such as cooperation, development, third world, urban overcrowdings, residual fabrics, refugee camps, and others which have incorporated new material and strategic discourses on recycling, crowdfunding or low-cost. The profusion of divisions of the problem has characterized a time of fragmented tests, with a noticeable loss of general perspective and where the architects’ responsibility about the cities has again broken through but in a fairly hesitant and slow way. Against this background, a fourth and contemporary and critical generation is characterized by the cohesion of speeches, positions and approaches. With an inclusive, transversal and revisionist nature, incorporates and revisits concepts such as feminism, gender, childhood, shelter, migration, wealth, transversality, glocality, interculturality, multiculturality and many more. Hence, we nowadays face the challenge of refounding the concept of city for the future generations, subjected to the duality of the inherited city and its expansion, to the duality of what is consigned and what is missing. The 2020 edition of the EAAE-ARCC International Conference to be held in Valencia, Spain, along with the 2nd edition of the Valencia International Biennial of Research in Architecture will welcome keynote speakers and papers that explore the future of cities and the regained leading role that architects should have in its design.
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Huang, Ran, Yanfei zhu i ChengQi Xue. "A comparative study on user experience of four apps for renting house based on D-Lab eye-tracking experiment". W Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2023) Integrating People and Intelligent Systems. AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002919.
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The popularity of mobile Internet and the application of big data and artificial intelligence technology have brought new development opportunities for the online rental industry. A large number of rental apps have rapidly occupied the market. Rental apps can help tenants screen and reserve housing in real time according to their needs, so users' demand for products has gradually changed from satisfying basic functional needs to providing good user experience.Objective: Because existing researches mainly focus on the construction of user experience index system of rental APP and the subjective evaluation of the user experience of APP, few scholars have conducted researches on the user experience of rental APP based on physiological experiments. Therefore, this study applied the eye-movement technology of D-lab experimental platform to conduct a comparative study on the user experience of four representative rental apps, and compared the functions, interactive process architecture and interface layout design of the four apps, providing reference value for the design of similar apps.Content: In this experiment, four representative rental apps in design are selected as experimental materials, namely Anjuke, Beike, Ziroom and Baletu. The experimental task was to ask the participants to select the matched housing resources and complete the rental on the four apps according to the given rental conditions. The whole experiment was completed based on the D-Lab experimental platform, which could record the interactive behaviors and eye movement data of participants during the experiment. After the experiment is completed, participants need to accept the interview of subjective evaluation of user experience, and the experience and existing problems of users in the process of use will be recorded as auxiliary materials for evaluation. Finally, based on interactive behavior video, eye movement data, fixation path diagram and heat map, this paper compared and analyzed the four apps from two aspects of interactive process architecture and interface layout design.Results: (1) The results of eye movement data showed that the order of average gaze count and average saccadic count was Anjuke > Baletu > Ziroom > Beike, which might be because the interface information density of Anjuke was relatively high and the layout lacked regularity, which made it difficult for users to search the target information. The layout of the interface of Ziroom and Beike is sparse, and the interest area of users is less. (2) According to the analysis of user interaction behavior, Anjuke has various functions, and users need to jump to the page several times to select the target function, which is a complicated interaction process; The interface function partition of Baletu is clear, the navigation function division is primary and secondary, and the interaction process is simple. (3) According to the analysis of the interface layout based on the heat map, it can be seen that the functional modules of Anjuke are not clearly divided and the interface layout is not easy to operate; The interface layout of Baletu adopts card design, compact layout, clear structure, and unified color style, good identification and aesthetics.
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Kotsiopoulou, G. "Diverse Use Cases for Advanced Model-Based Process Controls Deployment Towards Long-Term Sustainable, Safer, Energy-Efficient and Profitable Operations". W ADIPEC. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/216946-ms.
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Abstract Changes to regulatory frameworks and the ever-evolving industry are dictating long-term sustainable, greener, lean and optimized operations. Moreover, considering that in Upstream the production facilities are characterized by highly variable input conditions from wellsites, changing demands, process oscillations and complex process dynamics, the asset owners are facing nowadays challenges that cannot always be solved with traditional control strategies. This paper explores the diverse Use Cases of APC in our Upstream Energy Division. An agile methodology has been followed in order to introduce and rollout the model-predictive controllers in our key production hubs. The first implementation that was concluded in 2021 has showcased the economic and strategic value case of the Advanced Process Control (APC), in addition to other qualities such as its adjustability and flexibility that were proven by performing the design and commissioning in an almost remote manner. The resulting success of the first use-cases has opened the door for additional ones, while establishing APC as a long-lasting, standard digital solution for our assets' transformation and optimization. Prior to the APC deployment, as the nature of the process is depicted by high variability and consequent high oscillations, the application of safe margins on the top of the threshold or specification of the system to avoid spurious plant trips was required. In addition, over plants' lifetime their operating envelope of the plants might diverge from the design case leading to overspecification of their respective final products such as dewpoints (water and hydrocarbon), RVP (Reid Vapor Pressure), electric power consumption and loss of consumables. By applying the Dynamic Matrix Controller (DMC), the dependent variables such as quality specifications are maximized within the normal operating envelope and avoiding off-specs, leading to minimization/optimization of operational costs (energy savings, consumables, etc.). Furthermore, the online controllers' targets were incremental production of the most-profitable yield of the respective plant, process harmonization, enhanced plant stability and reduced CO2 emissions, in agreement with the company's 2030 climate targets and commitments. Furthermore, with DMC running autonomously manual intervention has been minimized, resulting to partial autonomy of the systems that can reject better various process disturbances. Novel designs of the online controllers and their strategies were employed to meet key-objectives. This paper portrays the steps for applying APC solutions innovatively and remotely to obtain self-optimized, safe, fit-for-future, sustainable and energy efficient production and processing facilities overcoming global challenges. Lessons learnt covering multiple aspects, from architecture and technology, upgrading strategies, to human factors, are also described, which were gathered globally with the aim of avoiding pitfalls in future deployments.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Architectural Products Division"
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LaBonte, Don, Etan Pressman, Nurit Firon i Arthur Villordon. Molecular and Anatomical Characterization of Sweetpotato Storage Root Formation. United States Department of Agriculture, grudzień 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7592648.bard.
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Original objectives: Anatomical study of storage root initiation and formation. Induction of storage root formation. Isolation and characterization of genes involved in storage root formation. During the normal course of storage root development. Following stress-induced storage root formation. Background:Sweetpotato is a high value vegetable crop in Israel and the U.S. and acreage is expanding in both countries and the research herein represents an important backstop to improving quality, consistency, and yield. This research has two broad objectives, both relating to sweetpotato storage root formation. The first objective is to understand storage root inductive conditions and describe the anatomical and physiological stages of storage root development. Sweetpotato is propagated through vine cuttings. These vine cuttings form adventitious roots, from pre-formed primordiae, at each node underground and it is these small adventitious roots which serve as initials for storage and fibrous (non-storage) “feeder” roots. What perplexes producers is the tremendous variability in storage roots produced from plant to plant. The marketable root number may vary from none to five per plant. What has intrigued us is the dearth of research on sweetpotato during the early growth period which we hypothesize has a tremendous impact on ultimate consistency and yield. The second objective is to identify genes that change the root physiology towards either a fleshy storage root or a fibrous “feeder” root. Understanding which genes affect the ultimate outcome is central to our research. Major conclusions: For objective one, we have determined that the majority of adventitious roots that are initiated within 5-7 days after transplanting possess the anatomical features associated with storage root initiation and account for 86 % of storage root count at 65 days after transplanting. These data underscore the importance of optimizing the growing environment during the critical storage root initiation period. Water deprivation during this phenological stage led to substantial reduction in storage root number and yield as determined through growth chamber, greenhouse, and field experiments. Morphological characterization of adventitious roots showed adjustments in root system architecture, expressed as lateral root count and density, in response to water deprivation. For objective two, we generated a transcriptome of storage and lignified (non-storage) adventitious roots. This transcriptome database consists of 55,296 contigs and contains data as regards to differential expression between initiating and lignified adventitious roots. The molecular data provide evidence that a key regulatory mechanism in storage root initiation involves the switch between lignin biosynthesis and cell division and starch accumulation. We extended this research to identify genes upregulated in adventitious roots under drought stress. A subset of these genes was expressed in salt stressed plants.