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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Arabe (Idioma)"
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Abu-Ssaydeh, Abdul-Fattah. "Translation of English idioms into Arabic". Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 50, nr 2 (31.12.2004): 114–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.50.2.03abu.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract This paper consists of three parts; the first part examines the definition of “idiom” as a technical term, primarily from a translational perspective, and the strategies usually employed by Arab translators when translating English idioms. The second part analyses the Arabic translations given in a sample of two hundred and fifty-three English idioms in terms of strategies and the significance of their frequency. This analysis reveals four important things: 1. Statistically, the most common strategy applied is paraphrasing, followed closely by literal translations and semantic equivalence, with omission, compensation and other strategies being of significantly less importance; 2. Literal translation has allowed certain English idioms to become part of Arabic lexis; 3. A disproportionately large number of the translations are literal and, therefore, sound “foreign” or are deemed void of sense to the Arab reader, 4. Literal (and therefore erroneous) translations in the target language arise primarily from the failure of the translator to decipher the meaning of the idiom in question. The last part revisits literal translation in order to understand its nature, reasons for its prevalence, its effect on the translated text and its impact on the Arabic language. Résumé Cet article comprend trois parties. La première partie examine la définition de «l’idiome » comme terme technique, essentiellement du point de vue de la traduction, et les stratégies généralement utilisées par les traducteurs arabes quand ils traduisent des idiomes anglais. La seconde partie analyse les traductions arabes données dans un échantillon de deux cent cinquante-trois idiomes anglais, en fonction des stratégies et de la signification de leur fréquence. Cette analyse révèle quatre éléments importants: 1. Statistiquement, la stratégie la plus couramment utilisée est la paraphrase, suivie de près par les traductions littérales et l’équivalence sémantique, l’omission, la compensation et autres stratégies étant d’une importance moins significative. 2. La traduction littérale a permis à certains idiomes anglais d’entrer dans le lexique arabe. 3. Un nombre disproportionné de traductions sont littérales et, par conséquent, elles ont une consonance «étrangère» ou elles sont jugées vides de sens par le lecteur arabe. 4. Les traductions littérales (et donc erronées) dans la langue cible viennent principalement de l’incapacité du traducteur à déchiffrer la signification de l’idiome en question.La dernière partie réexamine la traduction littérale afin de comprendre sa nature, les raisons de sa fréquence, son effet sur le texte traduit et son impact sur la langue arabe.
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Yassin, Mahmoud Aziz F. "Spoken Arabic Proverbs". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 51, nr 1 (luty 1988): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00020206.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Arabs have always had a particular taste for brief, concise and witty idioms and proverbs. Whereas an idiom is a ‘transition point’, a necessary introduction to the forthcoming discussion, a proverb is, instead, the climax of that event, the most important domain for the display and evaluation of verbal art. The view is occasionally expressed that proverbs are in fact a dead trait in the modern world. This view is due, at least in part, to the mistaken assumption that only illiterates use proverbs. It is doubtful whether increased literacy and education have seriously affected the quality and quantity of proverbial speech, at least in Arabic culture. Arabs' gatherings, formal and informal, are marked by highly formalized relationships. A formalized relationship gives rise to highly predictable and normalized language such as idioms and proverbs.
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Rosada, Bintang, i Ikke Wulandari. "PROBLEMATIKA PENERJEMAHAN BAHASA ARAB-INDONESIA BAGI MAHASISWA PRODI BSA STAIN MADINA DAN PRODI PBA IAIN BENGKULU". Ihya al-Arabiyah: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Arab 7, nr 2 (4.02.2022): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30821/ihya.v7i2.10821.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
<p>Abstract: The unique characteristics of the Arabic language are problematic for non-Arabs, especially Indonesian students who are studying Arabic. The problem that often arises is the problem of translating. This study wants to look at the students translation problems of study program BSA STAIN Madina and students study program PBA IAIN Bengkulu with error analysis. The translation problem is divided into two parts; language and non-language problems. Language problems include morphology, syntax, structuring, semantics and idioms. Meanwhile, non-linguistic problems include internal factors; background and conditions of students and external.<br />Keywords: problematic, translation, linguistics, non linguistics.<br />Abstrak: Karakteristik bahasa arab yang unik menjadi problematika tersendiri terhadap non araby, khususnya mahasiswa indonesia yang sedang mempelajari bahasa arab. Problematika yang sering muncul adalah problematika menerjemahkan. Penelitian ini ingin melihat problematika penerjemahan mahasiswa Prodi BSA STAIN Madina dan Prodi PBA IAIN Bengkulu dengan error analisis. Problematika terjemah tersebut terbagi pada dua bagian; problematika bahasa dan non bahasa. Problematika bahasa meliputi morfologi, sintaksis, strukturisasi, semantik dan idiom. Sedangkan problematika non linguistik meliputi faktor internal; latar belakang dan kondisi mahasiswa dan eksternal.<br />Keywords: problematika, terjemah, lingusitik, non linguistik.</p>
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Zulharby, Puti, i Analisa Apriliani. "Kesalahan Penerjemahan Harf jar Pembentuk Idiom pada Mahasiswa Pendidikan Bahasa Arab". Jurnal Alfazuna : Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab dan Kebahasaaraban 6, nr 1 (29.12.2021): 112–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/alfazuna.v6i1.1301.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the translation errors of harf jar which form idioms from Arabic to Indonesian. Idioms are combinations of words that produce a new meaning that is different from the component words that form it. Methodology: The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The research was conducted on students who are studying Arabic translation, and are accustomed to using literal or grammatical translation techniques. Findings: Problems occur when students want to get the equivalent of words in idioms with jar letters. The results showed that the errors made by students were generally intralingual errors, caused by limited understanding of changes in the meaning of words that form idioms, and macrolinguistic errors caused by incorrect cross-cultural interpretations. Implication: The findings in this study can be used as an illustration and consideration for improving translation skills, not only lexical and grammatical translation, but also idiomatic translation. In addition, this research also contributes to the novice Arabic learners about the diversity of meanings of harf jar that form an idiom
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Haq, Muhammad Zairul. "PROBLEMATIKA PENERJEMAHAN IDIOMATIK ARAB KE INDONESIA". MUHIBBUL ARABIYAH: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab 2, nr 1 (5.02.2022): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.35719/pba.v2i1.32.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The idiomatic construction of arabic has characteristics in which it does not only involve preposition but also involves many things, such as historical logic that arises from cognitive-emotive to spirituality and the understanding of reality through idiomatic expressions. The purpose of this research is solely to review the problems of translating Arabic idioms into indonesian. This research is descriptiveb qualitative. The object of the research is the construction of Arabic idiomatic languages and various problems of translating Arabic idioms to indonesian which are often found in Arabic learning in universities, translation books, and relevant research results. The result showed that there have several fundamental things related to the emergence of cases of Arabic idiomatic translation into indonesia that are the influence of sama'i as a cultural product, inconsistencies in the meaning of prepositions, aspect of the context in the meaning of idioms, and the Arabic curriculum in indonesia which is less accommodative to solving idiomatic translation cases.
Keywords: idiomatic problematics, penerjemahan, mean
Abstrak
Konstruksi idiomatik bahasa Arab memiliki cirikhas yang di dalamnya tidak hanya melibatkan preposisi namun juga melibatkan banyak hal semisal dengan logika-historis yang muncul dari kesan kognitif-emotif hingga pengaruh spiritualitas dan pemahaman terhadap realitas secara benar melalui ungkapan-ungkapan idiomatik. Tujuan penelitian ini semata-mata untuk mengkaji problematika penerjemahan idiomatik bahasa Arab ke bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif. Objek penelitian adalah konstruksi idiomatik bahasa Arab dan berbagai permasalahan penerjemahan idiomatik Arab ke Indonesia yang banyak ditemui baik pada pembelajaran bahasa Arab di perguruan tinggi, buku terjemahan dan hasil penelitian yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada beberapa hal mendasar terkait munculnya kasus penerjemahan idiomatik Arab ke Indonesia yaitu adanya pengaruh sama’I sebagai produk budaya, inkonsistensi pemaknaan preposisi, aspek konteks dalam pemaknaan idiom, dan kurikulum bahasa Arab di Indonesia yang kurang akomodatif terhadap penyelesaian kasus penerjemahan idiomatik.
Kata kunci: problematika idiomatik, penerjemahan, makna
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Nurcholisho, Lilik Rochmad. "Idiom Bahasa Arab Strategi Menerjemahkan". Lisanan Arabiya: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab 1, nr 01 (6.09.2018): 70–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.32699/liar.v1i01.197.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Idiom adalah bentuk ungkapan yang memiliki karakter khusus. Karakter khusus yang dimaksudkan adalah makna idiom adalah makna gabungan kata yang membentuk ungkapan tertentu dan memiliki makna berbeda dengan komponen kata yang membentuknya. Perbedaaan makna leksikal idiom dengan makna idiomatik yang dimaksud menyisakan permasalahan bagi pembaca atau penerjemah untuk memahaminya dan memberikan pemahaman kepada orang lain. Permasalahan ini bukan tanpa alasan, karena tiap bahasa memiliki cara pandang sendiri dalam menggambarkan suatu ungkapan. Kesulitan yang dihadapi dalam menerjemahkan idiom dapat diatasi dengan langkah-langkah sebagai berikut: 1) menerjemahkan idiom dengan bentuk dan makna yang sama, 2) menerjemahkan idiom dengan bentuk idiom berbeda, 3) menggunakan teknik parafrase dan 4) menghilangkan sama sekali unsur idiom dalam bahasa target. Hasilnya adalah ada beberapa idiom yang sama baik itu bentuk dan maknanya dan juga banyak idiom yang memiliki makna sama tetapi bentuk berbeda.
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Nurcholisho, Lilik Rochmad. "FLEKSIBELITAS BAHASA ARAB DALAM MEMBENTUK UNGKAPAN IDIOM". Lisanan Arabiya: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab 1, nr 02 (10.09.2018): 145–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.32699/liar.v1i02.203.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Makalah ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan tipe idiom bahasa Arab dalam novel bahasa Arab dengan judul A`zh-Zhillul-Aswad. Pentipean idiom berdasarkan unsur kata pembentuk idiom. Data yang digunakan dalam makalah ini adalah tuturan-tuturan idiom bahasa Arab yang terdapat dalam novel A`zh-Zhillul-Aswad. Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik simak dan catat dan lanjutannya, lalu dianalisis berdasarkan tujuan penelitian.
Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa idiom bahasa Arab bersifat fleksibel karena banyak mengambil beragam kata yang menunjukkan arti tumbuh-tumbuhan, hewan, anggota tubuh manusia, alat-alat yang digunakan oleh manusia, warna dan alam semesta sebagai wadah untuk mengekspresikan makna. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa perbendaharaan kata dan ungkapan dalam bahasa Arab acap kali tidak terlepas dari kehidupan masyarakat itu sendiri.
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Albaqami, Rashidah. "The Impact of Pictorial Cues on Understanding Idioms Among Arab EFL Learners". International Journal of English Linguistics 13, nr 6 (22.11.2023): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v13n6p21.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Idioms vary extensively in their difficulty, especially for foreign language learners. English Foreign Language (EFL) learners often find transparent idioms, such as break someone’s heart, which means to make someone feel deep sadness, more straightforward. Whereas, they may find kicking the bucket ‘to die’ somehow opaque and challenging. The study investigates the extent to which Arabic speakers of English find contextual and pictorial cues embedded in social media platforms beneficial for understanding idioms and the methods they often use to comprehend idioms. Thirty female Arabic-speaking learners of English at a high school in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia participated in this study. The study used a three-version design to assess the participants’ understanding of idioms through a multiple-choice interpretation task. The participants were divided into three groups and received the same amount (n = 24) and type of idioms in three different methods: contextualization (i.e., participants were exposed to idioms in context), decontextualization (i.e., participants were exposed to idioms out of context) and the third group was exposed to pictorial-cued idioms. The findings revealed that visualisation was the most effective method for mastering idioms rather than contextualisation. On the other hand, decontextualisation was the least effective method. The study concludes with specific reference to some pedagogical implications.
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Oliveira, Woslley Sidney Nogueira de, Adriana Silva Lima i Rosinete Batista dos Santos Ribeiro. "Identificação de possíveis áreas salinizadas no perímetro irrigado de São Gonçalo utilizando o sensoriamento remoto". Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais 9, nr 4 (23.05.2018): 362–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.6008/cbpc2179-6858.2018.004.0029.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Os perímetros irrigados implantados no Estado da Paraíba são considerados uma alternativa econômica bastante rentável, promove a geração de empregos e aumenta a disponibilidade de alimentos. Devido ao manejo inadequado do solo e da água, isso têm causado perdas na qualidade do solo desses perímetros, degradando-os principalmente por salinização. O sensoriamento remoto é uma alternativa tecnológica de baixo custo, boa frequência temporal e possui a capacidade de mapear áreas em processo de desertificação. Essa pesquisa têm por objetivo identificar possíveis áreas afetadas por sais no Perímetro Irrigado de São Gonçalo (PISG), Sousa/PB, por meio de técnicas de sensoriamento remoto. Para esse estudo foi utilizado imagens do satélite LANDSAT 8/OLI (média resolução espacial), órbita 216/ponto 65 da data de 23/11/2016; imagem do software Google Earth Pro® da data de 29/02/2016 para servir como imagem auxiliar e registros fotográficos das áreas in loco. Realizou-se a técnica de classificação supervisionada, utilizando o SCP (semi- automatic plugin) no software QGIS (Quantum Gis). A aferição da qualidade da classificação se deu por meio da validação cruzada, utilizando de parâmetros estatísticos como a exatidão do produtor (EP), exatidão do usuário (EU), exatidão global (EG) e índice Kappa. A classe área supostamente salinizada (ASS) apresentou EP e EU de 89.15% e 88.88%, respectivamente. O índice Kappa resultou em um valor de 0.8684, a classe ASS foi classificada como sendo de qualidade excelente. A qualidade geral da classificação é avaliada tanto pela EG que apresentou um valor de 0.9350 como pelo índice Kappa geral com valor de 0.9252, sendo valores que representam uma classificação de qualidade excelente. A classe ASS apresentou os maiores valores mínimos e máximos de fator de refletância em todas as bandas da imagem, destacando a banda 6 de valores 0.47 e 0.67, respectivamente. O valor da área classificada como sendo da classe ASS foi de 1736.75 hectares, 31% da área total do PISG. As imagens analisadas possibilitaram discriminar áreas salinizadas e não salinizadas mediante as diferenças de tonalidade e de refletância. As imagens analisadas com o plugin SCP possibilitaram a realização de um mapa de classificação supervisionada, indicando a variabilidade espacial das áreas propícias ao processo de salinização. No entanto, recomenda-se a análise dos parâmetros físicos e químicos do solo dessas áreas para o aumento da confiabilidade na qualidade desse tipo de mapeamento.
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Catalão
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Shivtiel, Avihai. "Customs, Manners and Beliefs as Reflected by Some Arabic Proverbs and Idioms". Arabist: Budapest Studies in Arabic 18 (1996): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.58513/arabist.1996.18.11.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Proverbs and idioms are part and parcel of the ethos of the area in which they are current, and Arabic proverbs are no exception. However, as Arabic has, since the advent of Islam, been the vernacular of millions of speakers, in three continents, who use scores of Arabic dialects and have many customs, manners and beliefs in common, it is not surprising that we find some of these echoed in the thousands of Arabic proverbs and idioms, which are found in both literary and colloquial Arabic. This paper attempts to trace back certain customs, manners and beliefs which were, and to a certain extent, still are, current among Arabs, as reflected by some Arabic proverbs and idioms.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Arabe (Idioma)"
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McCarthy, John J. "Formal problems in Semitic phonology and morphology". New York : Garland, 1985. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/12106907.html.
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Sadoudi, Hanane. "Traitement des expressions figées dans la traduction humaine. : Analyse de corpus bilingue français-arabe". Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05H036.
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Cette étude est une approche des divers problèmes que soulève la traduction du figement. Elle se fond sur le cas concret de la traduction français-arabe en analysant un corpus bilingue constitué d’expressions figées en français (langue source) et de leur traduction en arabe (langue cible). Notre travail s’organise en deux parties : dans la première, nous étudions la notion de figement, les différentes structures qu’elle recouvre et la notion de traduction avec les concepts qui lui sont liés à travers les théories linguistiques et traductologiques du 20e siècle. Dans la deuxième partie, nous analysons notre corpus, d’abord pour vérifier qu’il représente bien la catégorie du figement, ensuite pour connaître les stratégies adoptées par le traducteur pour traduire les expressions figées. Le corpus est extrait à partir des articles français du Monde diplomatique et leur traduction en langue arabe dans le même journalThis study is an approach to various problems raised bu the translations of frozen expressions. It is founded on the specific case of the french-arabic translation by analyzing a bilingual corpus composed of idioms in French (source language) and their Arabic translation (targuet language). Our work is organized in two parts ; in the first we study the notion of rigidification and the various structures that it covers, and olso the notion of translation with related concepts through 20th century linguistic and translational theories. In the second part we analyze our corpus : first to make sure it really represents frozen expressions, then to know the strategies adopted by the translator to translate idioms. The corpus is extracted from the articles appeared in the French edition of the le Monde diplomatique and their translations into Arabic in the same newspaper
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Al-Qaisi, Fu'ad. "Apport de la linguistique de corpus à la lexicographie bilingue (français-arabe) : macrostructure et microstructure d'un dictionnaire de collocations". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20115.
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L'objet de la présente étude est d’examiner l’apport de la linguistique de corpus à la lexicographie bilingue français-arabe. L’intérêt est porté tout particulièrement à la collocation. Ainsi, la quête commence dès la compilation du corpus jusqu'à l'intégration des collocations au lexique. Les notions fondamentales telle que la linguistique de corpus, le corpus et la collocation sont examinées. Ensuite, la recherche prend une tournure empirique qui se base sur un corpus. Pour pallier la non disponibilité des outils de traitement de corpus en langue arabe, une approche a été élaborée au sein de cette étude, que nous avons baptisée stratégie de passerelle. L’idée est de partir d’un corpus parallèle (traduit) français-arabe. Ce corpus est constitué de la version française du journal Le Monde Diplomatique, ainsi que sa traduction arabe. Le recours à un corpus parallèle a pour vocation de faciliter le repérage des phénomènes contrastifs. Les résultats obtenus seront vérifiés par la suite dans un corpus monolingue arabe (comparable) constitué de trois journaux, à savoir Alrai, Alayam, Algomhuria. Tout au long de cette partie, les résultats sont comparés dans un premiers temps entre corpus et dictionnaires, dans un deuxième temps entre types de corpus (parallèle et comparable), et dans un troisième temps entre journaux du corpus comparable (Alrai, Alayam et Algomhuria). Ensuite, un certain nombre des collocations est soumis à un examen structurel et à un examen sémantique. Ces exploitations apportent non seulement des éléments sur l’environnement collocationnel entre langue et discours, mais également sur une éventuelle approche pour la prise en compte des collocations. Des interrogations légitimes naissent au fur et à mesure des exploitations sur la ressemblance entre les collocations des deux langues. Les résultats mettent en évidence des points comme l’enchaînement collocationnel, la synonymie collocationnelle et d’autres aspects. L’étude est couronnée par la conception d’un dictionnaire informatique de collocations. Il s’agit d’un dictionnaire actif bilingue, qui s’adresse à un public arabisant et aux traducteursThe aim of this study is to examine the contribution of corpus linguistics to bilingual French-Arabic lexicography. We particularly focus on collocations, as our research begins with the compilation of a bilingual corpus leading up to the integration of collocations in the lexicon. Fundamentals such as corpus linguistics, corpora and collocation are examined. Our research then takes an empirical turn that is based on the use of our corpus. To overcome the unavailability of corpus processing tools in Arabic, an approach was developed in this study that we called the footbridge strategy. The idea is to start from a French-Arabic (translated) parallel corpus. This corpus consists of the French version of Le Monde Diplomatique, and its translation. Using a parallel corpus aims to facilitate the identification of contrastive phenomena. The results obtained in the translated corpus (in its Arabic component) will be subsequently checked in an Arabic monolingual corpus. The latter is a corpus consisting of three newspapers: Alrai, Alayyam, Algouhouria. Throughout the exploitation of the corpus, results are compared first between corpora and dictionaries, secondly between corpus types (parallel and comparable), and thirdly between newspapers (Alrai, Alayyam, Algouhouria). Then a number of collocations are subjected to semantic and structural review and consideration. This review process not only brings some clarifications on the environment of collocations between language and speech but also about a possible approach for their integration in the dictionary. Legitimate questions gradually arise regarding the resemblance of collocations in French and Arabic. The results highlight phenomena such as collocational chains (clusters), collocational synonyms, etc. The study culminates in the design of a computer dictionary of collocations, i.e. an active bilingual dictionary aimed at Arabic language specialists and translators
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"Arab EFL learners in guessing the meaning of idioms: Efficiency and techniques". UNIVERSITY OF BAHRAIN, 2008. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1451606.
Pełny tekst źródłaKsiążki na temat "Arabe (Idioma)"
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Zambrano, Miguel A. Cruz. Notas etimologicas botanicas: Nombres de plantas usados en el idioma arabe, o procedentes del mismo e introducidas en el castellano. Tegucigalpa, Honduras: Editorial Universitaria, 1985.
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Daoudi, Anissa. Cultural and linguistic encounters: Arab EFL learners encoding and decoding idioms. Oxford: Peter Lang, 2011.
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Minko-Mi-Nseme, Sylver Aboubakar. Modélisation des expressions figées en arabe en vue de la constitution d'une base de données lexicale. Lille: Atelier national de reproduction des thèses, 2002.
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Espasa. Guia De Conversacion Arabe Magrebi (Idiomas). Espasa-Calpe, 2005.
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Algarabía en el español: Raíces arabes en el idioma. [Ecuador]: A.G. Moreano Parra, 2000.
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Daoudi, Anissa. Cultural and Linguistic Encounters: Arab EFL Learners Encoding and Decoding Idioms. Lang AG International Academic Publishers, Peter, 2012.
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Ali, Jamal, i Kamal Al Ekhnawy. 'Arabi Liblib Vol. 3 : Egyptian Colloquial Arabic for the Advanced Learner. Volume 3: Idioms and Other Expressions. American University in Cairo Press, 2011.
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Curso de árabe. Libros Hiperión, 1994.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Arabe (Idioma)"
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Kraidy, Marwan M. "Idioms of Contention: Star Academy in Lebanon and Kuwait". W Arab Media and Political Renewal. I.B.Tauris, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9780755609833.ch-004.
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Barendregt, Bart. "Princess Siti and the Particularities of Post-Islamist Pop". W Vamping the Stage. University of Hawai'i Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21313/hawaii/9780824869861.003.0010.
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June 2012 saw the release of the song You came to Me, performed by ‘Islam’s Biggest Rock Star’, Sami Yusuf and Malaysian media darling Dato’ Siti Nurhaliza Tarudin, The song, - previously released on one of Yusuf’s solo albums and recorded in the nasheed idiom - was now repackaged for the Southeast Asian market and sung in English, Arab as well as Malay. The choice to perform in Malay is not surprising considering that Malaysia for decades has been known as the home of contemporary nasheed, with many global Muslim pop stars today enjoying most of their fame here rather than in their countries of origin. Also the nasheed idiom, being the most ‘modern’, global and commercial of Islamist genres, does not wholly come as a surprise. However, the male / female duet did stir considerable debate on how Muslim artists are to abide to ever changing rules of modest behavior and moral virtue. Popular culture increasingly seems to be become one of the main arenas in which such values are reframed and put to test, as especially Siti did experience. This contribution considers how modernity is musically articulated in a Muslim Southeast Asian context.
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Weiner, Scott J. "Introduction: A Systematic Inquiry Into Kinship Politics". W Kinship, State Formation and Governance in the Arab Gulf States, 1–14. Edinburgh University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474488167.003.0001.
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Gives an overview of the book’s theory that kinship group access to vital and limited resources before state building determines the salience of kinship authority at the end of state building. Existing models of state formation, often rooted in literature on the rentier state, cannot account for variation in the salience of kinship authority in the Arabian Gulf states. As an alternate explanation, the book introduces the hypothesis that a state’s capacity to provide infrastructure, bureaucracy, and a nationalist idiom shapes the salience of kinship authority. Finally, the chapter introduces a road map of the book and explains the importance of the puzzle for comparative politics and studies of the Arab Gulf states.
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Marsham, Andrew. "The Caliphate". W The Oxford World History of Empire, 355–79. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197532768.003.0012.
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The first Muslim empire—the Caliphate—began with the conquests of the mid-seventh century CE and fragmented in the mid-tenth century. This chapter outlines the Caliphate’s political and economic history, its organizational structures, and forms of coercive and ideological power. During a long eighth century, the Mediterranean and the Middle East were transformed by the formation of new elites, by a new transregional coinage economy, by the rapid expansion of new cities and settlements, and by an agrarian revolution. The religion that became Islam was crucial in uniting the conquerors of the empire, and then as the idiom for the expression of the conquered peoples’ political ambitions. Eventual widespread conversion among the conquered populations meant that as the Caliphate collapsed, it left behind Muslim successor states, as well as new linguistic and ethnic identities—notably the Arabic and New Persian linguae francae, and a transregional “Arab” ethnicity.
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Weiner, Scott J. "State Building in Kuwait". W Kinship, State Formation and Governance in the Arab Gulf States, 58–91. Edinburgh University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474488167.003.0004.
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Considers the case of Kuwait between 1899 and 1990 as an example of competitive access to vital limited resources before state building. In the periphery, British and Kuwaiti historic records illustrate in great detail the conflicts between kinship groups and the limited extent of water resources. In the center, Kuwait’s Emir and the predominantly Shi’a merchant families of Kuwait City enjoyed a mutually beneficial relationship in which the Emir provided security for merchants, and merchants provided financial resources through taxation for the Emir. The chapter also provides new details of how water was distributed in pre-oil Kuwait based largely on trust and personal relationships. It then shows how Kuwait created infrastructure, moved non-urban tribal populations based predominantly in the Nejd desert onto that infrastructure, imposed bureaucratic authority, and created buy-in for this authority through a nationalist idiom. Throughout state building, Kuwait engaged with kinship groups themselves, reifying the importance of kinship authority in the process. The result is that kinship in Kuwait has governing salience.
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El Shamsy, Ahmed. "Critique and Philology". W Rediscovering the Islamic Classics, 199–235. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691174563.003.0009.
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This chapter shows how European hegemony and aggressive Westernization in the former Ottoman Empire formed the backdrop for the next stage in the evolution of Arabic print culture: fierce debates over philology and the critical method. What was at stake was how to critically read the Arabo-Islamic heritage that was becoming accessible at an accelerating pace through the printing press—how to assess the authenticity of writings attributed to particular periods and authors and how to draw on these materials judiciously in order to reconstruct the historical and literary past. The site of these debates was the growing corpus of printed classical works. Even the opponents of the editing and publishing vanguard could no longer ignore the influence of this literature, and accordingly the divergent arguments were phrased overwhelmingly in the idiom of philology. The ensuing philological advancements were brought to bear not only on the juxtaposition of Orientalist and indigenous philology but also on substantial religious issues of the time, including grave visitation, theological tenets, and legal debates.
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Weiner, Scott J. "State Building in Oman". W Kinship, State Formation and Governance in the Arab Gulf States, 104–35. Edinburgh University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474488167.003.0006.
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Contrasts Kuwait and Qatar to the case of Oman between 1871 and 1986. In Oman, access to vital limited resources was cooperative rather than competitive. In Oman, many tribes cooperated to obtain water from aquifers and similar sources through a system of water channels known as aflaj. Prior to state formation, these tribes established proto-bureaucracies that managed the physical aflaj. These proto-bureaucracies were staffed by tribe members but carried bureaucratic authority by virtue of controlling knowledge about the aflajsystem. As such, they acted as intermediaries between pre-existing kinship authority and the new bureaucratic authority of the state. During state building, Oman extended infrastructure and national water, road, and electricity networks to non-urban populations. It also subsumed existing bureaucratic infrastructure within the national state, and created buy-in for this project through a different nationalist idiom than Kuwait and Qatar had used. Whereas Kuwait and Qatar described citizens as those who had been in the country since a certain year (1920 in Kuwait, 1930 in Qatar) and their descendants, Oman defined citizenship territorially. For each of these three steps, the chapter contrasts Oman's experience with Kuwait’s showing how cooperative access impacted state building in different ways in each case.
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Berg, Birgit. "“Authentic” Islamic Sound? Orkes Gambus Music, the Arab Idiom, and Sonic Symbols in Indonesian Islamic Musical Arts". W Divine Inspirations, 207–40. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195385410.003.0008.
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Conant, Jonathan P. "Languages and Communities in Late Antique and Early Medieval North Africa". W Languages and Communities in the Late-Roman and Post-Imperial Western Provinces, 37–57. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198888956.003.0002.
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Abstract The linguistic situation in western North Africa in the late antique and early medieval period was complex. In addition to autochthonous Amazigh (or ‘Berber’) languages, long-term histories of colonialism, imperialism, and overseas settlement had established Punic, Latin, and in some places Greek as important regional idioms. Between the fifth and eighth centuries, Vandal, Byzantine, Amazigh, and Arab conquests further reconfigured local linguistic landscapes, though language change in later Roman and post-imperial North Africa played out slowly over the course of centuries. Regional language use was fundamentally pragmatic. It could be a product of multiple factors, including region, class, occupation, and, with time, religion. Particularly important, however, was the association of certain languages with practical power, social advancement, and the control of wealth and property. Such an association was not the inevitable result of conquest, even when members of a new ruling class spoke a language other than that of the majority of their subjects. Nor were the associations of languages with power felt uniformly across the expansive landscape of western North Africa. Rather, such associations were always negotiations, worked out between multiple actors, including ordinary Africans as well as rulers and elites.