Artykuły w czasopismach: „Anionic Nanoparticles”

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Singh, Himanshi, Sugam Kumar i Vinod K. Aswal. "Interplay of interactions in nanoparticle–surfactant complexes in aqueous salt solution". Journal of Applied Physics 132, nr 22 (14.12.2022): 224701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0118615.

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The evolution of phase behavior and interactions in anionic silica nanoparticles (Ludox HS40), surfactants [non-ionic decaethylene glycol mono-dodecyl ether (C12E10) and anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)], and nanoparticle–surfactant solutions in the presence of salt (NaCl) has been studied using small-angle neutron scattering and dynamic light scattering. In an anionic silica nanoparticle solution (1 wt. %), the phase behavior is controlled by salt concentrations (0–1 M) through screening electrostatic interactions. In the case of 1 wt. % surfactant solutions, the anionic SDS surfactant micelles show significant growth upon adding salt, whereas non-ionic surfactant C12E10 micelles remain spherical until a high salt concentration (1 M). In the mixed system of HS40–C12E10, a transition from a highly stable transparent phase to a two-phase turbid system is observed with a small amount of salt addition CS* (∼0.06 M). The single transparent phase of this system corresponds to sterically stabilized micelles-decorated nanoparticles. For the turbid phase, the results are understood in terms of depletion attraction induced by non-adsorption of C12E10 micelles, which explains the appearance of turbidity at a much lower concentration of salt. In the mixed system of similarly charged nanoparticles and micelles (HS40-SDS), the phase behavior is governed by no physical interaction between the components, and salt screens the repulsive interaction among nanoparticles. These results are further utilized to tune multicomponent interactions and phase behavior of nanoparticles with a mixed C12E10-SDS surfactant system in the presence of salt. The mixed surfactants provide tuning of nanoparticle–micelle as well as micelle–micelle interactions to dictate the phase behavior of a nanoparticle–surfactant solution. In these systems, the effective potential can be described by double-Yukawa potential taking account of attractive and repulsive parts at low and intermediate salt concentrations (<CS*). At high salt concentrations (>CS*), the aggregation of nanoparticles is characterized by fractal aggregates.

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Kanapina, A. E. "FEATURES OF THE DECAY OF EXCITED STATES OF IONIC DYES IN THE NEAR FIELD OF METAL NANOPARTICLES". Eurasian Physical Technical Journal 20, nr 2 (44) (21.06.2023): 106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2023no2/106-111.

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The influence factor of silver nanoparticles on the intramolecular processes of deactivation of the electronically excited state of polymethine dyes (PD) of different ionicity has been studied. It has been demonstrated that the optical density forcationic 1 and anionic 2 dyes does not change under the action of the plasmon field of Ag nanoparticles. Whereas an increase in absorbance by almost 18% was observed for neutral dye 3. A decrease in the enhancement in fluorescence intensity in the series of anionic–cationic–neutral dyes was registered upon addition of Ag nanoparticles to their solutions. The fluorescence lifetime practically does not change for all PDs under study.Data processing within the framework of the model of the influence of a plasmonic nanoparticle on radiative transitions in a dye molecule showed that the values of plasmon-enhanced rates of radiative decay of molecules decreases from neutral to cationic and, finally, to anionic dye. The rates of energy transfer from PD to plasmonic nanoparticles decrease in the reverse sequence of dyes, i.e. anionic-cationic-neutral PD. This is expressed in a decrease in the proportion of neutral dye molecules that were deactivated by fluorescence.

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Baig, Mirza Wasif, i Muhammad Siddiq. "Quantum Mechanics of In Situ Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles within Anionic Microgels". Journal of Theoretical Chemistry 2013 (25.12.2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/410417.

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We discuss the quantum mechanics of many-body systems, that is, hybrid microgel consisting of negatively charged anionic microgels possessing thick sheath of water molecules solvating protruding anionic moieties and nanoparticle captivated within the microgel. Thermodynamic feasibility of synthesis of particular nanoparticle within the microgel is dependent upon the magnitude of interaction between nanoparticle, water molecules, and microgel relative to sum of magnitude of self-interaction between counterions and interaction between counterions and microgel. Nanoparticles synthesized with in the microgels have thick electronic cloud that oscillates under the influence of net interaction potential of charged anionic moieties and solvent water molecules which constitutes the chemical environment of hybrid microgel. Hamiltonian describing energy of oscillating electronic cloud of wrapped around nanoparticle is mathematically derived to be equal to product of integral electron density and product of its position vector overall space and net force acting on the oscillating electronic cloud of nanoparticle is mathematically defined as; ℱ∫ρn{n}n^ dn.

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Rathod, Prakash B., Ashok K. Pandey, Sher Singh Meena i Anjali A. Athawale. "Quaternary ammonium bearing hyper-crosslinked polymer encapsulation on Fe3O4 nanoparticles". RSC Advances 6, nr 26 (2016): 21317–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra01543c.

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Rodrigues, João M. M., Andreia S. F. Farinha, Zhi Lin, José A. S. Cavaleiro, Augusto C. Tome i Joao P. C. Tome. "Phthalocyanine-Functionalized Magnetic Silica Nanoparticles as Anion Chemosensors". Sensors 21, nr 5 (26.02.2021): 1632. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21051632.

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Anionic species are one of the most common pollutants in residual and freshwaters. The presence of anthropogenic anions in water drastically increases the toxicity to living beings. Here, we report the preparation of a new optical active material based on tri(tosylamino)phthalocyanines grafted to ferromagnetic silica nanoparticles for anion detection and removal. The new unsymmetrical phthalocyanines (Pcs) proved to be excellent chemosensors for several anions (AcO−, Br−, Cl−, CN−, F−, H2PO4−, HSO4−, NO2−, NO3−, and OH−) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Furthermore, the Pcs were grafted onto magnetic nanoparticles. The resulting novel hybrid material showed selectivity and sensitivity towards CN−, F−, and OH− anions in DMSO with limit of detection (LoD) of ≈4.0 µM. In water, the new hybrid chemosensor demonstrated selectivity and sensitivity for CN− and OH− anions with LoD of ≈0.2 µM. The new hybrids are easily recovered using a magnet, allowing recyclability and reusability, after acidic treatment, without losing the sensing proprieties.

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Sato, Takumi, i Yoshihiko Murakami. "Temperature-Responsive Polysaccharide Microparticles Containing Nanoparticles: Release of Multiple Cationic/Anionic Compounds". Materials 15, nr 13 (5.07.2022): 4717. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15134717.

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Most drug carriers used in pulmonary administration are microparticles with diameters over 1 µm. Only a few examples involving nanoparticles have been reported because such small particles are readily exhaled. Consequently, the development of microparticles capable of encapsulating nanoparticles and a wide range of compounds for pulmonary drug-delivery applications is an important objective. In this study, we investigated the development of polysaccharide microparticles containing nanoparticles for the temperature-responsive and two-step release of inclusions. The prepared microparticles containing nanoparticles can release two differently charged compounds in a stepwise manner. The particles have two different drug release pathways: one is the release of nanoparticle inclusions from the nanoparticles and the other is the release of microparticle inclusions during microparticle collapse. The nanoparticles can be efficiently delivered deep into the lungs and a wide range of compounds are released in a charge-independent manner, owing to the suitable roughness of the microparticle surface. These polysaccharide microparticles containing nanoparticles are expected to be used as temperature-responsive drug carriers, not only for pulmonary administration but also for various administration routes, including transpulmonary, intramuscular, and transdermal routes, that can release multiple drugs in a controlled manner.

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Uchida, Noriyuki, Masayoshi Yanagi i Hiroki Hamada. "Size-Tunable Paclitaxel Nanoparticles Stabilized by Anionic Phospholipids for Transdermal Delivery Applications". Natural Product Communications 15, nr 3 (1.03.2020): 1934578X1990068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x19900684.

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Composite nanoparticles composed of an anionic phospholipid of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylglycerol (DPPG) and paclitaxel (PTX) were successfully prepared by mixing them in water followed by a subsequent heating/cooling process. The size of DPPG-PTX nanoparticle could be easily tuned by ultrasonic fragmentation. Upon addition of small-sized fluorescently labeled paclitaxel (FLPTX) nanoparticles with DPPG (DPPG-FLPTX) to rat skin tissue, part of the FLPTX molecules permeated to the stratum corneum.

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Xing, Huiping, Jianwei Wang, Ouya Ma, Xiaolian Chao, Yajun Zhou, Yuhu Li i Zhihui Jia. "Hydroxypropyltrimethyl Ammonium Chloride Chitosan Nanoparticles Coatings for Reinforcement and Concomitant Inhibition of Anionic Water-Sensitive Dyes Migration on Fragile Paper Documents". Polymers 14, nr 18 (6.09.2022): 3717. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14183717.

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The fragile paper is treated to improve the stability and appearance of the paper artifact, such as washing, lining, deacidification, and reinforcement. During the above treatments, paper documents inevitably make contact with water directly, leading to the appearance change, stability decrease, and migration or fading of anionic water-sensitive dyes, which are seriously harmful to information security. Herein, Hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC) nanoparticles were employed for the reinforcement and concomitant inhibition of anionic water-sensitive dye migration on fragile paper. HACC nanoparticles were prepared through physical ball grinding method and characterized via LPSA, SEM, TEM, XRD and FTIR. To evaluate the protective potential of HACC nanoparticles coating, the chemical and mechanical properties of coated and uncoated papers were evaluated after dry heat and hygrothermal accelerated aging. Additionally, good color stability of anionic water-sensitive dyes was observed on the paper coated with HACC nanoparticles after lining technology. Finally, the interaction mechanism between the anionic water-sensitive dyes and HACC nanoparticles was analyzed using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer and FTIR. The as-proposed technique can provide technical support to improve the mechanical properties of fragile paper and enhance the anionic water-sensitive dyes stability in the aqueous phase.

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Foreman-Ortiz, Isabel U., Dongyue Liang, Elizabeth D. Laudadio, Jorge D. Calderin, Meng Wu, Puspam Keshri, Xianzhi Zhang i in. "Anionic nanoparticle-induced perturbation to phospholipid membranes affects ion channel function". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, nr 45 (26.10.2020): 27854–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2004736117.

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Understanding the mechanisms of nanoparticle interaction with cell membranes is essential for designing materials for applications such as bioimaging and drug delivery, as well as for assessing engineered nanomaterial safety. Much attention has focused on nanoparticles that bind strongly to biological membranes or induce membrane damage, leading to adverse impacts on cells. More subtle effects on membrane function mediated via changes in biophysical properties of the phospholipid bilayer have received little study. Here, we combine electrophysiology measurements, infrared spectroscopy, and molecular dynamics simulations to obtain insight into a mode of nanoparticle-mediated modulation of membrane protein function that was previously only hinted at in prior work. Electrophysiology measurements on gramicidin A (gA) ion channels embedded in planar suspended lipid bilayers demonstrate that anionic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) reduce channel activity and extend channel lifetimes without disrupting membrane integrity, in a manner consistent with changes in membrane mechanical properties. Vibrational spectroscopy indicates that AuNP interaction with the bilayer does not perturb the conformation of membrane-embedded gA. Molecular dynamics simulations reinforce the experimental findings, showing that anionic AuNPs do not directly interact with embedded gA channels but perturb the local properties of lipid bilayers. Our results are most consistent with a mechanism in which anionic AuNPs disrupt ion channel function in an indirect manner by altering the mechanical properties of the surrounding bilayer. Alteration of membrane mechanical properties represents a potentially important mechanism by which nanoparticles induce biological effects, as the function of many embedded membrane proteins depends on phospholipid bilayer biophysical properties.

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Miyamoto, Yoshitaka, Yumie Koshidaka, Katsutoshi Murase, Shoichiro Kanno, Hirofumi Noguchi, Kenji Miyado, Takeshi Ikeya i in. "Functional Evaluation of 3D Liver Models Labeled with Polysaccharide Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles". Materials 15, nr 21 (5.11.2022): 7823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15217823.

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Establishing a rapid in vitro evaluation system for drug screening is essential for the development of new drugs. To reproduce tissues/organs with functions closer to living organisms, in vitro three-dimensional (3D) culture evaluation using microfabrication technology has been reported in recent years. Culture on patterned substrates with controlled hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions (Cell-ableTM) can create 3D liver models (miniature livers) with liver-specific Disse luminal structures and functions. MRI contrast agents are widely used as safe and minimally invasive diagnostic methods. We focused on anionic polysaccharide magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Resovist®) and synthesized the four types of nanoparticle derivatives with different properties. Cationic nanoparticles (TMADM) can be used to label target cells in a short time and have been successfully visualized in vivo. In this study, we examined the morphology of various nanoparticles. The morphology of various nanoparticles showed relatively smooth-edged spherical shapes. As 3D liver models, we prepared primary hepatocyte–endothelial cell heterospheroids. The toxicity, CYP3A, and albumin secretory capacity were evaluated in the heterospheroids labeled with various nanoparticles. As the culture period progressed, the heterospheroids labeled with anionic and cationic nanoparticles showed lower liver function than non-labeled heterospheroids. In the future, there is a need to improve the method of creation of artificial 3D liver or to design a low-invasive MRI contrast agent to label the artificial 3D liver.

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Ganea, Gabriela M., Cristina M. Sabliov, Abiodun O. Ishola, Sayo O. Fakayode i Isiah M. Warner. "Experimental Design and Multivariate Analysis for Optimizing Poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) Nanoparticle Synthesis Using Molecular Micelles". Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, nr 1 (1.01.2008): 280–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.18129.

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The utility of polymeric nanoparticles as drug delivery systems depends on effective control of synthetic parameters with a significant impact on their physico-chemical characteristics. In this study, a chemometric central composite experimental design (CCD) was used to optimize the synthesis of poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles by emulsification solvent evaporation using anionic molecular micelles, such as poly(sodium N-undecylenic sulfate) (poly-SUS), poly(sodium N-undecanoyl-glycinate) (poly-SUG) and poly(sodium N-undecanoyl-L-leucyl-valinate) (poly-L-SULV) as well as conventional emulsifiers, such as anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and non-ionic poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). The individual and combined effects of PLGA concentration, emulsifier concentration, homogenization speed, and sonication time (design variables) on particle size and polydispersity index (responses) were investigated using multivariate analysis. The most significant design variables influencing the nanoparticle size and size distribution were PLGA concentration and emulsifier concentration (p < 0.05) in comparison to the other design variables. The quadratic model demonstrated the highest predictive ability when the molecular micelles were used as emulsifiers. The PLGA nanoparticles optimally synthesized according to the CCD were further purified by dialysis and then freeze-dried. Dried nanoparticles synthesized with molecular micelles and PVA were readily re-suspended in water, as compared with SDS for which nanoparticle aggregation occurred. The size of PLGA nanoparticles synthesized using molecular micelles increased after freeze-drying, but remained smaller than 100 nm when poly-L-SULV was used as emulsifier. The PDI values indicated monodisperse nanoparticle suspensions after purification and freeze-drying for all investigated molecular micelles (PDI < 0.100). The nanoparticle suspensions synthesized using molecular micelles were the most stable after dialysis and freeze-drying, having low negative zeta potential values ranging from −54 ± 1.6 mV for poly-L-SULV to −63.2 ± 0.4 mV for poly-SUS. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs showed spherical shape and smooth surface for the PLGA nanoparticles synthesized using molecular micelles.

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Behyan, Shirin, Olga Borozenko, Abdullah Khan, Manon Faral, Antonella Badia i Christine DeWolf. "Nanoparticle-induced structural changes in lung surfactant membranes: an X-ray scattering study". Environmental Science: Nano 5, nr 5 (2018): 1218–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8en00189h.

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Uchida, Noriyuki, Masayoshi Yanagi i Hiroki Hamada. "Transdermal Delivery of Anionic Phospholipid Nanoparticles Containing Fullerene". Natural Product Communications 17, nr 2 (luty 2022): 1934578X2210784. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x221078444.

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In this work, we prepared a transparent dispersion of fullerene nanoparticles by sonication with anionic phospholipids of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylglycerol (DPPG) with fluorescently NBD-labeled 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylethanolamine (DPPE). Upon incubation of the fullerene nanoparticles with a rat skin, the nanoparticles successfully penetrated the stratum corneum and reached the epidermis.

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de Freitas, Erika Regina Leal, Paula Roberta Otaviano Soares, Rachel de Paula Santos, Regiane Lopes dos Santos, Joel Rocha da Silva, Elaine Paulucio Porfirio, Sônia N. Báo, Emilia Celma de Oliveira Lima, Paulo César Morais i Lidia Andreu Guillo. "In Vitro Biological Activities of Anionic γ-Fe2O3 Nanoparticles on Human Melanoma Cells". Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, nr 5 (1.05.2008): 2385–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.275.

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Three magnetic fluid (MF) samples containing γ-Fe2O3 (maghemite) nanoparticles surface-coated with either meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), citric acid or lauric acid were prepared, characterized, and assessed for their cytotoxic potential on the human SK-MEL-37 melanoma cell line. Ultra-structural analysis was also performed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The inhibitory concentration (IC50) derived from the sigmoidal dose response curve was 254 μg-iron/mL (95% confidence interval 239–270 μg-iron/mL) for lauric acid-coated nanoparticles. DMSA-coated nanoparticles did not exhibit a clear trend toward toxicity (IC50 value is more than 2260±50μg-iron/mL) and the IC50 value was about 433±14 μg-iron/mL for citric-acid coated nanoparticles. The cytotoxic response correlated with both the hydrodynamic diameter and the zeta potential suggests that the chain length of the carboxylic acid of the coating species may influence metabolic cellular process. Also the assayed nanoparticles can be considered non-cytotoxic to human melanoma cells since IC50 values are higher than plasma concentration usually observed in clinical use of contrast agents. Using TEM we verified that all assayed nanoparticles were internalized by cells through endocytic vesicles. Additionally, cells treated with lauric acid-coated nanoparticles at high concentration (588 or 840 μg-iron/mL) displayed morphological features of apoptosis (surface blebbing, intense vacuolization and chromatin condensation) or a typical DNA ladder pattern when analyzed by TEM or agarose gel electrophoresis, respectively. Apoptotic events may be operative, suggesting a promising therapeutic application for the lauric acid-coated nanoparticle in the treatment of cancer cells.

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Daud, Muhammad, Zahiruddin Khan, Aisha Ashgar, M. Ihsan Danish i Ishtiaq A. Qazi. "Comparing and Optimizing Nitrate Adsorption from Aqueous Solution Using Fe/Pt Bimetallic Nanoparticles and Anion Exchange Resins". Journal of Nanotechnology 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/985984.

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This research work was carried out for the removal of nitrate from raw water for a drinking water supply. Nitrate is a widespread ground water contaminant. Methodology employed in this study included adsorption on metal based nanoparticles and ion exchange using anionic resins. Fe/Pt bimetallic nanoparticles were prepared in the laboratory, by the reduction of their respective salts using sodium borohydride. Scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectrometry, and X-ray florescence techniques were utilized for characterization of bimetallic Fe/Pt nanoparticles. Optimum dose, pH, temperature, and contact time were determined forNO3-removal through batch tests, both for metal based nanoparticles and anionic exchange resin. Adsorption data fitted well the Langmuir isotherm and conformed to the pseudofirst-order kinetic model. Results indicated 97% reduction in nitrate by 0.25 mg/L of Fe/Pt nanoparticles at pH 7 and 83% reduction in nitrate was observed using 0.50 mg/L anionic exchange resins at pH 4 and contact time of one hour. Overall, Fe/Pt bimetallic nanoparticles demonstrated greaterNO3-removal efficiency due to the small particle size, extremely large surface area (627 m2/g), and high adsorption capacity.

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Soto, Ernesto R., Abaigeal C. Caras, Lindsey C. Kut, Melissa K. Castle i Gary R. Ostroff. "Glucan Particles for Macrophage Targeted Delivery of Nanoparticles". Journal of Drug Delivery 2012 (13.10.2012): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/143524.

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Glucan particles (GPs) are hollow, porous 2–4 μm microspheres derived from the cell walls of Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The 1,3-β-glucan outer shell provides for receptor-mediated uptake by phagocytic cells expressing β-glucan receptors. GPs have been used for macrophage-targeted delivery of soluble payloads (DNA, siRNA, protein, and small molecules) encapsulated inside the hollow GPs via core polyplex and layer-by-layer (LbL) synthetic strategies. In this communication, we report the incorporation of nanoparticles as cores inside GPs (GP-NP) or electrostatically bound to the surface of chemically derivatized GPs (NP-GP). GP nanoparticle formulations benefit from the drug encapsulation properties of NPs and the macrophage-targeting properties of GPs. GP nanoparticle formulations were synthesized using fluorescent anionic polystyrene nanoparticles allowing visualization and quantitation of NP binding and encapsulation. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) containing the chemotherapeutic doxorubicin (Dox) were bound to cationic GPs. Dox-MSN-GPs efficiently delivered Dox into GP phagocytic cells resulting in enhanced Dox-mediated growth arrest.

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Šimšíková, Michaela, Marián Antalík, Mária Kaňuchová i Jiří Škvarla. "Anionic 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid capped ZnO nanoparticles". Applied Surface Science 282 (październik 2013): 342–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.05.130.

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Xu, Bolei, Grazia Gonella, Brendan G. DeLacy i Hai-Lung Dai. "Adsorption of Anionic Thiols on Silver Nanoparticles". Journal of Physical Chemistry C 119, nr 10 (27.02.2015): 5454–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp511997w.

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Wilhelm, Claire, i Florence Gazeau. "Universal cell labelling with anionic magnetic nanoparticles". Biomaterials 29, nr 22 (sierpień 2008): 3161–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.04.016.

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Yuan, Hong, Wei Zhang, Yong-Zhong Du i Fu-Qiang Hu. "Ternary nanoparticles of anionic lipid nanoparticles/protamine/DNA for gene delivery". International Journal of Pharmaceutics 392, nr 1-2 (15.06.2010): 224–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.03.025.

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Fei, Yang, Mary Gonzalez i Manouchehr Haghighi. "Free drainage of foam mixed with proppants in the presence of nanoparticles". APPEA Journal 58, nr 2 (2018): 710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj17047.

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The focus of this paper is an experimental study at room temperature and pressure of free drainage and proppant suspension of four types of designed foams: A, 0.1 wt% regular anionic surfactant mixture; B. Foam A + 0.8% SiO2 nanoparticle; C, Foam A + 0.36% carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl guar; and D. Foam A + 7% NaCl. The results show that SiO2 nanoparticles with surfactant significantly improve the foam stability. In addition, we concluded that better proppant suspension can be achieved by higher viscosity and higher foam stability.

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ZHAO, TIEJUN, HEZHONG CHEN, LIXIN YANG, HAI JIN, ZHIGANG LI, LIN HAN, FANGLIN LU i ZHIYUN XU. "DDAB-MODIFIED TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) NANOPARTICLES AS ORAL ANTICANCER DRUG CARRIER FOR LUNG CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY". Nano 08, nr 02 (kwiecień 2013): 1350014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292013500148.

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Oral chemotherapy is a great way to cancer treatment because it is less stressful being that the patient will have less hospital visits and can still maintain a close relationship with health care professionals. In this research, three types of nanoparticle formulation from commercial PCL and self-synthesized TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) diblock copolymer were fabricated for oral delivery of antitumor agents, including DDAB-modified PCL nanoparticles, unmodified TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) nanoparticles and DDAB-modified TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) nanoparticles. Firstly, the TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) diblock copolymer was synthesized and characterized. DDAB was adopted to increase retention time at the cell surface, thus increasing the chances of nanoparticle uptake by the gastrointestinal mucosa and improving drug absorption. The TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) nanoparticles were found by FESEM of spherical shape and around 200 nm in diameter. The surface charge of TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) nanoparticles was reversed from anionic to cationic after DDAB modification. The DDAB-modified TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) nanoparticles have significantly higher level of the cell uptake than that of DDAB-modified PCL nanoparticles and unmodified TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) nanoparticles. In vitro cell viability studies showed advantages of the DDAB-modified TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) nanoparticles over Taxotere® in terms of cytotoxicity against A549 cells. In conclusion, oral chemotherapy by DDAB-modified TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) nanoparticle formulation may provide a promising outcome for lung cancer patients.

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Amigoni, Loredana, Lucia Salvioni, Barbara Sciandrone, Marco Giustra, Chiara Pacini, Paolo Tortora, Davide Prosperi, Miriam Colombo i Maria Elena Regonesi. "Impact of Tuning the Surface Charge Distribution on Colloidal Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Toxicity Investigated in Caenorhabditis elegans". Nanomaterials 11, nr 6 (11.06.2021): 1551. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11061551.

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Assessing the toxic effect in living organisms remains a major issue for the development of safe nanomedicines and exposure of researchers involved in the synthesis, handling and manipulation of nanoparticles. In this study, we demonstrate that Caenorhabditis elegans could represent an in vivo model alternative to superior mammalians for the collection of several physiological functionality parameters associated to both short-term and long-term effects of colloidally stable nanoparticles even in absence of microbial feeding, usually reported to be necessary to ensure appropriate intake. Contextually, we investigated the impact of surface charge on toxicity of superparamagnetic iron oxide coated with a wrapping polymeric envelop that confers them optimal colloidal stability. By finely tuning the functional group composition of this shallow polymer–obtaining totally anionic, partially pegylated, partially anionic and partially cationic, respectively–we showed that the ideal surface charge organization to optimize safety of colloidal nanoparticles is the one containing both cationic and anionic groups. Our results are in accordance with previous evidence that zwitterionic nanoparticles allow long circulation, favorable distribution in the tumor area and optimal tumor penetration and thus support the hypothesis that zwitterionic iron oxide nanoparticles could be an excellent solution for diagnostic imaging and therapeutic applications in nanooncology.

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Zegan, Georgeta, Elena Mihaela Carausu, Loredana Golovcencu, Alina Sodor Botezatu, Eduard Radu Cernei i Daniela Anistoroaei. "Antibiotic-anionic Clay Matrix Used for Drug Controlled Release". Revista de Chimie 69, nr 2 (15.03.2018): 321–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.2.6098.

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Anionic clay matrix acting as drug controlled release system have shown in last years a great potential for delivery of bioactive molecules and chemical therapeutics. This organic-inorganic nanohybrid system is high efficient offering an excellent protection of intercalated compounds from degradation. Compared to other nanoparticles used in medical area, anionic clays type layered double hydroxides have found to be biocompatible according to toxicological studies. Ampicillin containing MgAlLDHs and ZnAlLDH samples have been prepared following two routes: anion-exchange procedure and reconstruction from calcined layered double hydroxides. Solid samples have been characterized by FTIR and SEM-EDX highlighting the alteration of pristine LDHs structure when the antibiotic is introduced in the interlayer gallery.

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Iancu, Stefania D., Andrei Stefancu, Vlad Moisoiu, Loredana F. Leopold i Nicolae Leopold. "The role of Ag+, Ca2+, Pb2+ and Al3+ adions in the SERS turn-on effect of anionic analytes". Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 10 (27.11.2019): 2338–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.10.224.

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In our recent studies we highlighted the role of adsorbed ions (adions) in turning on the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect in a specific mode for anionic and cationic analytes. In this work, we emphasize the role of Ag+, Ca2+, Pb2+ and Al3+ adions in the specific adsorption of anionic analytes such as the citrate capping agent and three organic acids. Our results suggest an adion-specific adsorption mechanism: the adsorption of anionic analytes is facilitated by positively charged adions such as Ag+, Ca2+, Pb2+ or Al3+, which provide adsorption sites specific for the anionic analytes. The turn-on of the SERS effect is explained in the context of the chemical mechanism of SERS. The adions form SERS-active sites on the silver surface enabling a charge transfer between the adsorbate and the silver surface. High-intensity SERS spectra of uric acid, salicylic acid and fumaric acid could be recorded at a concentration of 50 µM only after activation of the colloidal silver nanoparticles by Ca2+, Pb2+ or Al3+ (50 µM). The chemisorption of the three anionic species to the silver surface occurs competitively and is enhanced with the anions of higher affinities to the silver surface as indicated by the SERS spectra of corresponding mixed solutions.

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Chua, Ming Jing, i Yoshinori Murakami. "Influence of Surfactants and Dissolved Gases on the Silver Nanoparticle Plasmon Resonance Absorption Spectra Formed by the Laser Ablation Processes". ISRN Physical Chemistry 2013 (2.06.2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/547378.

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The silver nanoparticles were fabricated by the focused laser irradiation to silver rod immersed in various kinds of surfactant aqueous solutions. It was found that anionic and cationic surfactants showed different roles on the silver nanoparticle growth during the focused laser irradiation processes. Silver nanoparticle synthesis in an amphoteric surfactant aqueous solution was also carried out using the same techniques, and it was found that the spectral shifts for these surface plasmon bands showed complicated behaviors against the concentration of amphoteric surfactants as well as pH. Furthermore, the influence of the gas dissolved in a solution on the silver nanoparticle growth during the focused laser irradiation processes was investigated. With increasing the gas pressure of CO2, the surface plasmon bands of silver nanoparticles were shifted to longer wavelength, suggesting that the dissolved gas of CO2 in a solution enhances the silver nanoparticle growth. The plausible mechanism was proposed to understand the reason of such enhancement of silver nanoparticle growth by increasing the dissolved gas in a solution.

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Al-Anssari, Sarmad, Zain-UL-Abedin Arain, Haider Abbas Shanshool, Alireza Keshavarz i Mohammad Sarmadivaleh. "Synergistic effect of hydrophilic nanoparticles and anionic surfactant on the stability and viscoelastic properties of oil in water (o/w) emulations; application for enhanced oil recovery (EOR)". Journal of Petroleum Research and Studies 10, nr 4 (21.12.2020): 33–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.52716/jprs.v10i4.366.

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With the rapidly increased global energy demand, great attention has been focused on utilizing nanotechnology and particularly nanofluids in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) to produce more oil from low-productivity oil reservoirs. Nanofluid flooding has introduced as one of the promising methods for enhanced oil recovery using environment-friendly nanoparticles (NPs) to be as an innovative-alternative for chemical methods of EOR. This work investigates the synergistic effects of anionic surfactant and hydrophilic silica nanoparticles on the stability and the mechanical behavior of oil in water (O/W) emulsions for their application in EOR. To achieve this, an extensive series of experiments were conducted at a wide range of temperatures (23 – 70 °C) and ambient pressure to systematically evaluate the stability and the viscoelastic properties of the oil in water (O/W) emulsion with the presence of hydrophilic silica nanoparticles and an anionic surfactant. In this context, the initial oil to water volume ratio was 25:75. Sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) was used as the anionic surfactant and n-decane was used as model oil. A wide concentration ranges of NPs (0.01 – 0.2 wt%) and surfactant (0.1 – 0.3 wt%) were used to formulate different emulsions. For stability measurements, a dynamic light scattering and zetasizer were used to measure the particle size distribution and zeta potential respectively. Creaming and phase behaviors were also investigated. The viscoelastic measurements were conducted using Discovery Hybrid Rheometer. Results show that in the presence of surfactant, and NPs mitigates the coalescence of dispersed oil droplets giving high promises in EOR applications. Further, over the tested range of temperatures, the viscosity of O/W emulsion remains stable which indicates thermal stability. Despite studies examining the use of nanoparticle-surfactant combination in sub-surface applications, no reported data is currently available, to the best of our knowledge, about the potential synergistic effect of this combination on the stability and viscoelastic properties of O/W emulsion. This study gives the first insight on nanoparticle-surfactant synergistic effect on oil in water (O/W) emulsion for EOR applications.

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Zhao, Fang, Ya Qiong Zhao, Yuan Yuan Li i Gang Ni. "Study on the Dispersion of Nanometer TiO₂ Powder by Sol-Gel Method". Advanced Materials Research 599 (listopad 2012): 104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.599.104.

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This study investigated the effect of cationic, anionic, and nonionic surfactants on the formation, morphology, and surface properties of TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized by modified sol-gel method. The crystalline structures and morphologies of the powder have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The XRD results showed TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized with different surfactants only include anatase phase. The TEM analysis revealed the surfactants can enhance dispersion of TiO2 nanoparticles. In contrast, the anionic surfactants showed hightly effects. The photocatalytic activity of samples was tested for degradation of methyl orange (MO) solutions. The results showed photocatalytic activity of the catalyst with surfactants was higher than pure TiO2 under ultraviolet.

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Raj, S. Irudhaya, Adhish Jaiswal i Imran Uddin. "Tunable porous silica nanoparticles as a universal dye adsorbent". RSC Advances 9, nr 20 (2019): 11212–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra10428j.

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Eftekhari, Milad, Karin Schwarzenberger, Aliyar Javadi i Kerstin Eckert. "The influence of negatively charged silica nanoparticles on the surface properties of anionic surfactants: electrostatic repulsion or the effect of ionic strength?" Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 22, nr 4 (2020): 2238–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cp05475h.

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The presence of negatively charged nanoparticles affects the surface activity of anionic surfactants in an aqueous phase. This effect is mainly caused by the change in ionic strength of the system resulted from the addition of nanoparticles.

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Salassi, Sebastian, Ester Canepa, Riccardo Ferrando i Giulia Rossi. "Anionic nanoparticle-lipid membrane interactions: the protonation of anionic ligands at the membrane surface reduces membrane disruption". RSC Advances 9, nr 25 (2019): 13992–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra02462j.

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The interaction between anionic Au nanoparticles and model lipid membranes is facilitated by the spontaneous protonation of the NP ligand carboxylate groups, COO⁻˙ → COOH, in the lipid headgroup region.

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Onizuka, Takahiro, Mikihisa Fukuda i Tomohiro Iwasaki. "Effects of Coexisting Anions on the Formation of Hematite Nanoparticles in a Hydrothermal Process with Urea Hydrolysis and the Congo Red Dye Adsorption Properties". Powders 2, nr 2 (8.05.2023): 338–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/powders2020020.

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Crystalline hematite nanoparticles as adsorbents for anionic Congo red dye were prepared by a hydrothermal process using urea hydrolysis. To examine the effects of coexisting anions in a solution on the formation of hematite nanoparticles, different iron(III) salts, including iron chloride hexahydrate, iron nitrate nonahydrate, iron sulfate n-hydrate, ammonium iron sulfate dodecahydrate, and basic ferric acetate, were employed as iron-ion sources. After the hydrothermal treatment of the solution, consisting of an iron salt and urea at 423 K for 20 h, a single phase of hematite was formed from the iron-nitrate solution. The results suggested that the hydrothermal formation of hematite depended on the stability of iron complexes formed in the starting solution. The average crystallite size and median diameter of hematite nanoparticles also depended on the coexisting anions, suggesting that the appropriate selection of the coexisting anions in the starting solution can allow for control of the crystallite size and particle diameter of hematite nanoparticles. The Congo red adsorption kinetics and isotherms of the hematite nanoparticles were described by the Elovich model and Langmuir model, respectively. The adsorption thermodynamics parameters were estimated, which suggested an exothermic and spontaneous process. The results demonstrated good adsorption properties for Congo red adsorption.

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Uchida, Noriyuki, Masayoshi Yanagi i Hiroki Hamada. "Nanoformulation of Fullerene Using an Anionic Phospholipid". Natural Product Communications 17, nr 1 (styczeń 2022): 1934578X2110528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x211052868.

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Ma, Yanhang, Lei Xing, Haoquan Zheng i Shunai Che. "Anionic−Cationic Switchable Amphoteric Monodisperse Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles". Langmuir 27, nr 2 (18.01.2011): 517–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la103979c.

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Maity, Amit Ranjan, i Nikhil R. Jana. "Chitosan−Cholesterol-Based Cellular Delivery of Anionic Nanoparticles". Journal of Physical Chemistry C 115, nr 1 (14.12.2010): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp108828c.

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Hur, Jae Uk, Jae Seok Choi, Sung-Churl Choi i Gye Seok An. "Highly dispersible Fe3O4 nanoparticles via anionic surface modification". Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society 57, nr 1 (12.12.2019): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43207-019-00001-3.

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Uchida, Noriyuki, Masayoshi Yanagi i Hiroki Hamada. "Piceid Nanoparticles Stabilized by Anionic Phospholipids for Transdermal Delivery". Natural Product Communications 15, nr 5 (maj 2020): 1934578X2092557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x20925578.

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Piceid, stilbenoid glucoside, is a representative resveratrol derivative. Because of a high tyrosinase inhibitory activity of piceid through resveratrol derivatives, transdermal delivery of piceid has been desired for taking advantage of the activity. Here we successfully prepared composite nanoparticles composed of anionic phospholipid of 1,2-dipalmitoyl- sn-glycero-3-phosphorylglycerol (DPPG) and piceid by mixing them in water and a subsequent heating/cooling process. When small-sized fluorescently labeled DPPG-piceid (DPPG-FLpiceid) nanoparticles were added to rat skin tissue, FLpiceid molecules were localized in stratum corneum.

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Watanabe, Hideo, Masayoshi Fuji, Atsuko Tada i Minoru Takahashi. "Electrophoretic and Electrolytic Deposition of Gold Nanoparticles on a Graphite Carbon Plate". Key Engineering Materials 412 (czerwiec 2009): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.412.71.

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Nobel metal particles with nanometer size have attracted keen interest because of, for example, their high catalytic activity to be applied for industrial applications. In this study, nano-sized gold particles were deposited onto a graphite carbon plate by two approaches: 1) electrophoresis of colloidal gold nanoparticles, 2) electrolysis of chlorauric acid. For former case, commercially-available gold nanoparticle and anionic mercapto ligand-stabilized gold nanoparticles, synthesized by citric acid reduction of chlorauric acid, were used. Size and morphology of the gold particles deposited were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Electrolytic deposition resulted in larger gold particles around tens to hundreds nm in size. Electrophoretic deposition accomplished particle sizes smaller than 15 nm, which basically reflected the size of colloidal gold particles used.

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Lu, Bin, Tyler Smith i Jacob J. Schmidt. "Nanoparticle–lipid bilayer interactions studied with lipid bilayer arrays". Nanoscale 7, nr 17 (2015): 7858–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nr06892k.

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Jiang, Bing, Xiaohan Ban, Qian Wang, Kui Cheng, Kai Zhu, Ke Ye, Guiling Wang, Dianxue Cao i Jun Yan. "Anionic P-substitution toward ternary Ni–S–P nanoparticles immobilized graphene with ultrahigh rate and long cycle life for hybrid supercapacitors". Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, nr 42 (2019): 24374–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta09902f.

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Rotan, Olga, Katharina N. Severin, Simon Pöpsel, Alexander Peetsch, Melisa Merdanovic, Michael Ehrmann i Matthias Epple. "Uptake of the proteins HTRA1 and HTRA2 by cells mediated by calcium phosphate nanoparticles". Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 8 (7.02.2017): 381–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.8.40.

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The efficient intracellular delivery of (bio)molecules into living cells remains a challenge in biomedicine. Many biomolecules and synthetic drugs are not able to cross the cell membrane, which is a problem if an intracellular mode of action is desired, for example, with a nuclear receptor. Calcium phosphate nanoparticles can serve as carriers for small and large biomolecules as well as for synthetic compounds. The nanoparticles were prepared and colloidally stabilized with either polyethyleneimine (PEI; cationic nanoparticles) or carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC; anionic nanoparticles) and loaded with defined amounts of the fluorescently labelled proteins HTRA1, HTRA2, and BSA. The nanoparticles were purified by ultracentrifugation and characterized by dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy. Various cell types (HeLa, MG-63, THP-1, and hMSC) were incubated with fluorescently labelled proteins alone or with protein-loaded cationic and anionic nanoparticles. The cellular uptake was followed by light and fluorescence microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and flow cytometry. All proteins were readily transported into the cells by cationic calcium phosphate nanoparticles. Notably, only HTRA1 was able to penetrate the cell membrane of MG-63 cells in dissolved form. However, the application of endocytosis inhibitors revealed that the uptake pathway was different for dissolved HTRA1 and HTRA1-loaded nanoparticles.

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Zhang, Hang, Junaid Muhammad, Kai Liu, Robin H. A. Ras i Olli Ikkala. "Light-induced reversible hydrophobization of cationic gold nanoparticles via electrostatic adsorption of a photoacid". Nanoscale 11, nr 30 (2019): 14118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nr05416b.

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Perret, Florent, Yannick Tauran, Kinga Suwinska, Beomjoon Kim, Cyrielle Chassain-Nely, Maxime Boulet i Anthony W. Coleman. "Molecular Recognition and Transport of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients on Anionic Calix[4]arene-Capped Silver Nanoparticles". Journal of Chemistry 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/191828.

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A series of six anionic calix[4]arenes, having sulphonate, carboxylate, or phosphonate functions at either the para-aromatic position or the phenolic face were used to cap silver nanoparticles. Their molecular recognition properties were studied with regard to three active pharmaceutical ingredients, chlorhexidine, chloramphenicol, and. gentamycin sulfate. Of these APIs chlorhexidine is known to form cocrystals with the anionic calix[4]arenes, gentamicin sulfate is an aminoglycosidic antibiotic, and chloramphenicol is a neutral antibiotic. As expected the former two APIs show clear complexation behavior as demonstrated by shifts in the visible spectra whereas the last shows no modification in the wavelength of the plasmon resonance of the silver nanoparticles.

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Lievonen, Miikka, Juan José Valle-Delgado, Maija-Liisa Mattinen, Eva-Lena Hult, Kalle Lintinen, Mauri A. Kostiainen, Arja Paananen, Géza R. Szilvay, Harri Setälä i Monika Österberg. "A simple process for lignin nanoparticle preparation". Green Chemistry 18, nr 5 (2016): 1416–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5gc01436k.

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Carnerero, Jose M., Aila Jimenez-Ruiz, Elia M. Grueso i Rafael Prado-Gotor. "Understanding and improving aggregated gold nanoparticle/dsDNA interactions by molecular spectroscopy and deconvolution methods". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19, nr 24 (2017): 16113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cp02219k.

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Akter, Salma, Mohammad Abu Sayem Karal, Sharif Hasan, Md Kabir Ahamed, Marzuk Ahmed i Shareef Ahammed. "Effects of cholesterol on the anionic magnetite nanoparticle-induced deformation and poration of giant lipid vesicles". RSC Advances 12, nr 44 (2022): 28283–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra03199j.

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Ning, Yin, Daniel J. Whitaker, Charlotte J. Mable, Matthew J. Derry, Nicholas J. W. Penfold, Alexander N. Kulak, David C. Green, Fiona C. Meldrum i Steven P. Armes. "Anionic block copolymer vesicles act as Trojan horses to enable efficient occlusion of guest species into host calcite crystals". Chemical Science 9, nr 44 (2018): 8396–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8sc03623c.

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Manin, Andrey, Daniel Golubenko, Svetlana Novikova i Andrey Yaroslavtsev. "Composite Anion Exchange Membranes Based on Quaternary Ammonium-Functionalized Polystyrene and Cerium(IV) Phosphate with Improved Monovalent-Ion Selectivity and Antifouling Properties". Membranes 13, nr 7 (26.06.2023): 624. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13070624.

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The possibility of targeted change of the properties of ion exchange membranes by incorporation of various nanoparticles into the membranes is attracting the attention of many research groups. Here we studied for the first time the influence of cerium phosphate nanoparticles on the physicochemical and transport properties of commercial anion exchange membranes based on quaternary ammonium-functionalized polystyrenes, such as heterogeneous Ralex® AM and pseudo-homogeneous Neosepta® AMX. The incorporation of cerium phosphate on one side of the membrane was performed by precipitation from absorbed cerium ammonium nitrate (CAN) anionic complex with ammonium dihydrogen phosphate or phosphoric acid. The structures of the obtained hybrid membranes and separately synthesized cerium phosphate were investigated using FTIR, P31 MAS NMR, EDX mapping, and scanning electron microscopy. The modification increased the membrane selectivity to monovalent ions in the ED desalination of an equimolar mixture of NaCl and Na2SO4. The highest selectivities of Ralex® AM and Neosepta® AMX-based hybrid membranes were 4.9 and 7.7, respectively. In addition, the modification of Neosepta® membranes also increased the resistance to a typical anionic surfactant, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.

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Lall, Aastha, Arnaud Kamdem Tamo, Ingo Doench, Laurent David, Paula Nunes de Oliveira, Christian Gorzelanny i Anayancy Osorio-Madrazo. "Nanoparticles and Colloidal Hydrogels of Chitosan–Caseinate Polyelectrolyte Complexes for Drug-Controlled Release Applications". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, nr 16 (5.08.2020): 5602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21165602.

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Chitosan–caseinate nanoparticles were synthesized by polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) formation. Caseinate is an anionic micellar nanocolloid in aqueous solutions, which association with the polycationic chitosan yielded polyelectrolyte complexes with caseinate cores surrounded by a chitosan corona. The pre-structuration of caseinate micelles facilitates the formation of natural polyelectrolyte nanoparticles with good stability and sizes around 200 nm. Such natural nanoparticles can be loaded with molecules for applications in drug-controlled release. In the nanoparticles processing, parameters such as the chitosan degree of acetylation (DA) and molecular weight, order of addition of the polyelectrolytes chitosan (polycation) and caseinate (polyanion), and added weight ratio of polycation:polyanion were varied, which were shown to influence the structure of the polyelectrolyte association, the nanoparticle size and zeta potential. Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) analyses revealed the chemical structure of hydrogel colloidal systems consisting of nanoparticles that contain chitosan and caseinate. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) allowed further characterization of the spherical morphology of the nanoparticles. Furtherly, insulin was chosen as a model drug to study the application of the nanoparticles as a safe biodegradable nanocarrier system for drug-controlled release. An insulin entrapment efficiency of 75% was achieved in the chitosan-caseinate nanoparticles.

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Mani, Hemalatha, Yi-Cheng Chen, Yen-Kai Chen, Wei-Lin Liu, Shih-Yen Lo, Shu-Hsuan Lin i Je-Wen Liou. "Nanosized Particles Assembled by a Recombinant Virus Protein Are Able to Encapsulate Negatively Charged Molecules and Structured RNA". Polymers 13, nr 6 (11.03.2021): 858. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13060858.

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RNA-based molecules have recently become hot candidates to be developed into therapeutic agents. However, successful applications of RNA-based therapeutics might require suitable carriers to protect the RNA from enzymatic degradation by ubiquitous RNases in vivo. Because of their better biocompatibility and biodegradability, protein-based nanoparticles are considered to be alternatives to their synthetic polymer-based counterparts for drug delivery. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein has been suggested to be able to self-assemble into nucleocapsid-like particles in vitro. In this study, the genomic RNA-binding domain of HCV core protein consisting of 116 amino acids (p116) was overexpressed with E. coli for investigation. The recombinant p116 was able to assemble into particles with an average diameter of approximately 27 nm, as visualized by electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Measurements with fluorescence spectroscopy, flow cytometry, and fluorescence quenching indicated that the p116-assembled nanoparticles were able to encapsulate small anionic molecules and structured RNA. This study demonstrates methods that exploit the self-assembly nature of a virus-derived protein for nanoparticle production. This study also suggests that the virus-derived protein-assembled particles could possibly be developed into potential carriers for anionic molecular drugs and structured RNA-based therapeutics.

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