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Toure, Almamy. "Collection, analysis and harnessing of communication flows for cyber-attack detection". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Valenciennes, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPHF0023.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe increasing complexity of cyberattacks, characterized by a diversification of attack techniques, an expansion of attack surfaces, and growing interconnectivity of applications with the Internet, makes network traffic management in a professional environment imperative. Companies of all types collect and analyze network flows and logs to ensure the security of exchanged data and prevent the compromise of information systems. However, techniques for collecting and processing network traffic data vary from one dataset to another, and static attack detection approaches have limitations in terms of efficiency and precision, execution time, and scalability. This thesis proposes dynamic approaches for detecting cyberattacks related to network traffic, using feature engineering based on the different communication phases of a network flow, coupled with convolutional neural networks (1D-CNN) and their feature detector. This double extraction allows for better classification of network flows, a reduction in the number of attributes and model execution times, and thus effective attack detection. Companies also face constantly evolving cyber threats, and "zero-day" attacks that exploit previously unknown vulnerabilities are becoming increasingly frequent. Detecting these zero-day attacks requires constant technological monitoring and thorough but time-consuming analysis of the exploitation of these vulnerabilities. The proposed solutions guarantee the detection of certain attack techniques. Therefore, we propose a detection framework for these attacks that covers the entire attack chain, from the data collection phase to the identification of any type of zero-day, even in a constantly evolving environment. Finally, given the obsolescence of existing datasets and data generation techniques for intrusion detection, and the fixed, non-evolving, and non-exhaustive nature of recent attack scenarios, the study of an adapted synthetic data generator while ensuring data confidentiality is addressed. The solutions proposed in this thesis optimize the detection of known and zero-day attack techniques on network flows, improve the accuracy of models, while ensuring the confidentiality and high availability of data and models, with particular attention to the applicability of the solutions in a company network
Peng, Tao. "Analyse de données loT en flux". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AIXM0649.
Pełny tekst źródłaSince the advent of the IoT (Internet of Things), we have witnessed an unprecedented growth in the amount of data generated by sensors. To exploit this data, we first need to model it, and then we need to develop analytical algorithms to process it. For the imputation of missing data from a sensor f, we propose ISTM (Incremental Space-Time Model), an incremental multiple linear regression model adapted to non-stationary data streams. ISTM updates its model by selecting: 1) data from sensors located in the neighborhood of f, and 2) the near-past most recent data gathered from f. To evaluate data trustworthiness, we propose DTOM (Data Trustworthiness Online Model), a prediction model that relies on online regression ensemble methods such as AddExp (Additive Expert) and BNNRW (Bagging NNRW) for assigning a trust score in real time. DTOM consists: 1) an initialization phase, 2) an estimation phase, and 3) a heuristic update phase. Finally, we are interested predicting multiple outputs STS in presence of imbalanced data, i.e. when there are more instances in one value interval than in another. We propose MORSTS, an online regression ensemble method, with specific features: 1) the sub-models are multiple output, 2) adoption of a cost sensitive strategy i.e. the incorrectly predicted instance has a higher weight, and 3) management of over-fitting by means of k-fold cross-validation. Experimentation with with real data has been conducted and the results were compared with reknown techniques
Daigmorte, Hugo. "Analyse des interactions entre flux synchrones et flux asynchrones dans les réseaux temps réel". Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ESAE0003/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaComplex embedded systems (planes, satellites, drones ...) contain more and more calculators. From now on, these are tens or even hundreds of calculators that communicate through a shared network. A function is achieved by the collaboration of a set of devices that exchange a growing number of information. In an embedded real-time context, it must be ensured that these informations exchanged are correct but it must also be ensured that they verify their temporal constraints. From the network point of view, this means that informations must be exchanged respecting their deadlines. This implies being able to upper bound the traversal time of the network of each message in order to verify that it arrives in time. However, as embedded systems are more and more complex and as the amount of information exchanged is constantly increasing, this bound is increasingly difficult to compute. Furthermore, it is important that this upper bound to be the least pessimistic possible to avoid an oversized system.The goal of this work is to develop new methods of analysis in order to be able to compute these bounds.In order to achieve this, we used the Network Calculus method of analysis.This work focuses on the modeling of interactions between synchronous messages and asynchronous messages.The models presented in this work take into account the transmission dates on the network of synchronous messageswhen calculating the upper bounds of traversal time of the asynchronous messages.The main contributions are:1. the presentation of a new way of considering the use of the dates of emission on the CAN bus: the weak synchronization.As well as the complete modeling of such a system and finally the evaluation of the gain provided by this solution.2. a complete modeling of the TTEthernet network allowing to evaluate the impact of the synchronous flows on the traversal time of the asynchronous flows.3. a presentation of the use of synchronization in the TSN network and a complete model for analyzing this new technology
Allaert, Benjamin. "Analyse des expressions faciales dans un flux vidéo". Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1I021/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaFacial expression recognition has attracted great interest over the past decade in wide application areas, such as human behavior analysis, e-health and marketing. In this thesis we explore a new approach to step forward towards in-the-wild expression recognition. Special attention has been paid to encode respectively small/large facial expression amplitudes, and to analyze facial expressions in presence of varying head pose. The first challenge addressed concerns varying facial expression amplitudes. We propose an innovative motion descriptor called LMP. This descriptor takes into account mechanical facial skin deformation properties. When extracting motion information from the face, the unified approach deals with inconsistencies and noise, caused by face characteristics. The main originality of our approach is a unified approach for both micro and macro expression recognition, with the same facial recognition framework. The second challenge addressed concerns important head pose variations. In facial expression analysis, the face registration step must ensure that minimal deformation appears. Registration techniques must be used with care in presence of unconstrained head pose as facial texture transformations apply. Hence, it is valuable to estimate the impact of alignment-related induced noise on the global recognition performance. For this, we propose a new database, called SNaP-2DFe, allowing to study the impact of head pose and intra-facial occlusions on expression recognition approaches. We prove that the usage of face registration approach does not seem adequate for preserving the features encoding facial expression deformations
Gwiggner, Claus. "Analyse des incertitudes dans les flux du trafic aérien". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003211.
Pełny tekst źródłaCsernel, Baptiste. "Résumé généraliste de flux de données". Paris, ENST, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ENST0048.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis deals with the creation and management of general purpose summaries build from data streams. It is centered on the development of two algorithms, one designed to produce general purpose summaries for a single data stream, and the other for three data stream sharing relational information. A data stream is defined as a real-time, continuous, ordered sequence of items. It is impossible to control the order in which items arrive, nor is it feasible to locally store a stream in its entirety. Such data streams appear in many applications, such as utility networks, IT or in monitoring tasks for instance in meteorology, geology or even finance. The first step in this work is to define the meaning of a general purpose data stream summary. The first property of such a summary is that it should be suitable for a variety of data mining and querying tasks. The second one is that it should be possible to build from the main summary a summary concerning only a selected portion of the stream encountered so far. The first algorithm designed, StreamSamp, is a general purpose summary algorithm dealing with a single data stream and based around the principle of sampling. While the second algorithm, CrossStream, is is a general purpose summary algorithm dealing with three data streams sharing relational information with one another, one relation stream linking two entity streams. This algorithm is based on the use of micro clusters, inspired by the CluStream algorithm designed by Aggarwal combined with the use of Bloom Filter. Both algorithm were implemented and tested against various sets of data to assess their performance in a number of situations
Chartron, Ghislaine. "Analyse des corpus de données textuelles, sondage de flux d'informations". Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA077211.
Pełny tekst źródłaChartron, Ghislaine. "Analyse des corpus de données textuelles sondage de flux d'informations /". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37612583z.
Pełny tekst źródłaNivoix, Sophie. "Valorisation par les flux : l'apport des liquidités disponibles". Nancy 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NAN22009.
Pełny tekst źródłaValuation is important in many fields of finance, such as corporate finance, mergers and acquisitions or portfolio management. Whereas it is limited for indexed funds management, valuation represents a great issue for an active portfolio management. In the capital-value theory, valuation with dividend discount models shows some insufficiencies, which may be corrected by the use of other flows, the "free cash flow". The empirical study on the french market allowed us to compare how relevant several indicators were, among which some were linked to free cash flows and some were financial ratios. The results show that the indicators we proposed are significant in the market valuation of stocks, and therefore relevant in active management
Le, Marrec Jean Hugues. "Analyse électroenzymatique à flux continu du glucose : mise au point et applications". Aix-Marseille 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX30041.
Pełny tekst źródłaHoarau, Christian. "La pertinence des tableaux de flux dans le diagnostic financier". Paris 12, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA122002.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe doctoral dissertation is divided into three parts. The first part exhibits the theoretical fondations of funds-flows or cash-flows statements. Then, it assess the usefulness and relevance of funds-flows and cash-flows statements in financial diagnosis. Finally, this doctoraldissertation suggests a multidimensional presentation of business dynamics, while maintaining overall consistency by means ofan analytical approach governed by the aims of financial diagnosis. For this , it narrows the gap between financial analysis and discards the one-sided visions that statements of funds-flows or cashflows tend to encourage. In operational terms, this approach proposes a database including all business funds-flows and cash-flows. This serve as a basis for building indicators tailored to the aims of diagnosis. Also it presents a general analytic framework based on sound theoritical foundations
Gillet, Mathieu. "Analyse de systèmes intumescents sous haut flux : modélisation et identification paramétrique". Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00465240.
Pełny tekst źródłaLeny, Marc. "Analyse et enrichissement de flux compressés : application à la vidéo surveillance". Thesis, Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TELE0031/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe increasing deployment of civil and military videosurveillance networks brings both scientific and technological challenges regarding analysis and content recognition over compressed streams. In this context, the contributions of this thesis focus on: - an autonomous method to segment in the compressed domain mobile objects (pedestrians, vehicles, animals …), - the coverage of the various compression standards commonly used in surveillance (MPEG-2, MPEG-4 Part 2, MPEG-4 Part 10 / H.264 AVC), - an optimised multi-stream processing chain from the objects segmentation up to their tracking and description. The developed demonstrator made it possible to bench the performances of the methodological approaches chosen for a tool dedicated to help investigations. It identifies vehicles from a witness description in databases of tens of hours of video. Moreover, while dealing with corpus covering the different kind of content expected from surveillance (subway stations, crossroads, areas in countryside or border surveillance …), the system provided the following results: - simultaneous real time analysis of up to 14 MPEG-2 streams, 8 MPEG-4 Part 2 streams or 3 AVC streams on a single core (2.66 GHz; 720x576 video, 25 fps), - 100% vehicles detected over the length of traffic surveillance footages, with a image per image detection near 95%, - a segmentation spreading over 80 to 150% of the object area (under or over-segmentation linked with the compressed domain). These researches led to 9 patents linked with new services and applications that were made possible thanks to the suggested approaches. Among these lie tools for Unequal Error Protection, Visual Cryptography, Watermarking or Steganography
Louleh, Ziad. "Modélisation et conduite des réacteurs discontinus par analyse des flux thermiques". Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT037G.
Pełny tekst źródłaBauer, Henri. "Analyse pire cas de flux hétérogènes dans un réseau embarqué avion". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0008/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe certification process for avionics network requires guaranties on data transmission delays. However, calculating the worst case delay can be complex in the case of industrial AFDX (Avionics Full Duplex Switched Ethernet) networks. Tools such as Network Calculus provide a pessimistic upper bound of this worst case delay. Communication needs of modern commercial aircraft are expanding and a growing number of flows with various constraints and characteristics must share already existing resources. Currently deployed AFDX networks do not differentiate multiple classes of traffic: messages are processed in their arrival order in the output ports of the switches (FIFO servicing policy). The purpose of this thesis is to show that it is possible to provide upper bounds of end to end transmission delays in networks that implement more advanced servicing policies, based on static priorities (Priority Queuing) or on fairness (Fair Queuing). We show how the trajectory approach, based on scheduling theory in asynchronous distributed systems can be applied to current and future AFDX networks (supporting advanced servicing policies with flow differentiation capabilities). We compare the performance of this approach with the reference tools whenever it is possible and we study the pessimism of the computed upper bounds
Chiky, Raja. "Résumé de flux de données distribués". Paris, ENST, 2009. https://pastel.hal.science/pastel-00005137.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this thesis, we consider a distributed computing environment, describing a collection of multiple remote sensors that feed a unique central server with numeric and uni-dimensional data streams (also called curves). The central server has a limited memory but should be able to compute aggregated value of any subset of the stream sources from a large time horizon including old and new data streams. Two approaches are studied to reduce the size of data : (1) spatial sampling only consider a random sample of the sources observed at every instant ; (2) temporal sampling consider all sources but samples the instants to be stored. In this thesis, we propose a new approach for summarizing temporally a set of distributed data streams : From the observation of what is happening during a period t -1, we determine a data collection model to apply to the sensors for period t. The computation of aggregates involves statistical inference in the case of spatial sampling and interpolation in the case of temporal sampling. To the best of our knowledge, there is no method for estimating interpolation errors at each timestamp that would take into account some curve features such as the knowledge of the integral of the curve during the period. We propose two approaches : one uses the past of the data curve (naive approach) and the other uses a stochastic process for interpolation (stochastic approach)
ATTOU, CHAREF. "Analyse des flux migratoires interregionaux de la population en france, 1975-1982". Toulouse 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU10032.
Pełny tekst źródłaOur object is to analyse the interregional migration fluxes of active population in france form 1975 to 1982 and to study the facture that determine their rythm and orien tation. Economic theories propose an explanation based on salaries, employment and unemployment according to which migrations are nothing more than an adaptation to the stimulations of the job market. They are incapable to account for migratory phenomena that appeared from the 1982 census. For instance the migratory fluxes of active population conver ge towards regions with the highest unemployment rate. They also go towards areas where the average salary is the lowest. On the opposite, mobility and emigration rates are the lowest in areas that have been harshly struck by the 1974 crisis. The regional distribution of migratory fluxes of active people organise themselves regardless of any economic rationality and they are phenomena quite uneasy to study. The reason is that migratory behaviours, motivations, choices, preference standards obey multiple factors. To the traditional references in terms of salaries, unemployment, job opportunities, costs, monetary advantages must be gradually added indicators far lore subjective than those on which economic rationality is founded
Mouakil, Tarik. "Instabilité financière et méthode stocks-flux : analyse critique de l'hypothèse de Minsky". Bordeaux 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR40029.
Pełny tekst źródłaChen, Xiaoyi. "Analyse de données de cytometrie de flux pour un grand nombre d'échantillons". Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CERG0777/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn the course of my Ph.D. work, I have developed and applied two new computational approaches for automatic identification of cell populations in multi-parameter flow cytometry across a large number of samples. Both approaches were motivated and taken by the LabEX "Milieu Intérieur" study (hereafter MI study). In this project, ten 8-color flow cytometry panels were standardized for assessment of the major and minor cell populations present in peripheral whole blood, and data were collected and analyzed from 1,000 cohorts of healthy donors.First, we aim at robust characterization of major cellular components of the immune system. We report a computational pipeline, called FlowGM, which minimizes operator input, is insensitive to compensation settings, and can be adapted to different analytic panels. A Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) - based approach was utilized for initial clustering, with the number of clusters determined using Bayesian Information Criterion. Meta-clustering in a reference donor, by which we mean labeling clusters and merging those with the same label in a pre-selected representative donor, permitted automated identification of 24 cell populations across four panels. Cluster labels were then integrated into Flow Cytometry Standard (FCS) files, thus permitting comparisons to human expert manual analysis. We show that cell numbers and coefficient of variation (CV) are similar between FlowGM and conventional manual analysis of lymphocyte populations, but notably FlowGM provided improved discrimination of "hard-to-gate" monocyte and dendritic cell (DC) subsets. FlowGM thus provides rapid, high-dimensional analysis of cell phenotypes and is amenable to cohort studies.After having cell counts across a large number of cohort donors, some further analysis (for example, the agreement with other methods, the age and gender effect, etc.) are required naturally for the purpose of comprehensive evaluation, diagnosis and discovery. In the context of the MI project, the 1,000 healthy donors were stratified across gender (50% women and 50% men) and age (20-69 years of age). Analysis was streamlined using our established approach FlowGM, the results were highly concordant with the state-of-art gold standard manual gating. More important, further precision of the CD16+ monocytes and cDC1 population was achieved using FlowGM, CD14loCD16hi monocytes and HLADRhi cDC1 cells were consistently identified. We demonstrate that the counts of these two populations show a significant correlation with age. As for the cell populations that are well-known to be related to age, a multiple linear regression model was considered, and it is shown that our results provided higher regression coefficient. These findings establish a strong foundation for comprehensive evaluation of our previous work.When extending this FlowGM method for detailed characterization of certain subpopulations where more variations are revealed across a large number of samples, for example the T cells, we find that the conventional EM algorithm initiated with reference clustering is insufficient to guarantee the alignment of clusters between all samples due to the presence of technical and biological variations. We then improved FlowGM and presented FlowGMP pipeline to address this specific panel. We introduce a Bayesian mixture model by assuming a prior distribution of component parameters and derive a penalized EM algorithm. Finally the performance of FlowGMP on this difficult T cell panel with a comparison between automated and manual analysis shows that our method provides a reliable and efficient identification of eleven T cell subpopulations across a large number of samples
Baga, Yohan. "Analyse de Flux de Trames AFDX en Réception et Méthode d’Optimisation Mémoire". Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CERG0957/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe rise of AFDX networks as a communication infrastructure between on-board equipment of civil aircraft motivates many research projects to reduce communication delays while guaranteeing a high level of determination and quality of service. This thesis deals with the effect of the back-ot-back frame reception on the reception End System, in particular, on the internal buffer, in order to guarantee a non-loss of frames and optimal memory dimensioning. A worst-case modeling of the frame flow is carried out according to a first pessimistic method, based on a periodic frame flow. Then a more optimistic method is presented based on the reception intervals and an iterative frame placement. A probabilistic study implements Gaussian distributions to evaluate the occurrence probabilities of the worst back-to-back frames and provides an illumination that opens a discussion on the relevance of not considering the worst-case modeling to size the reception buffer. Additional memory gain can be achieved by implementing LZW lossless compression
Käs, Christian. "Analyse et indexation des flux vidéos dans le domaine compressé H. 264". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14012/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe amount of generated audiovisual content continues to increase. In this work, we concentrate on the challenge of automatic video analysis and indexing, which builds the basis for efficient information access and retrieval. Taking advantage of the fact that video in most cases is stored and transmitted in encoded form, we pursue the approach of compressed domain processing, which represents a reasonable trade-off between computational complexity and quality of analysis results. The most valuable information encoded in H.264 streams is the motion vectors (MVs) that are associated with macroblocks in temporally predicted frames of type B and P. We present a number of completely unsupervised techniques to determine the camera motion and to detect and track moving objects from the extracted MV fields. We furthermore present the potential of compressed domain processing through several example applications, including traffic surveillance and video copy detection
Gabsi, Nesrine. "Extension et interrogation de résumé de flux de données". Paris, Télécom ParisTech, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00613122.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn the last few years, a new environment, in which data have to be collected and processed instantly when arriving, has emerged. To handle the large volume of data associated with this environment, new data processing model and techniques have to be set up ; they are referred as data stream management. Data streams are usually continuous, voluminous, and cannot be registered integrally as persistent data. Many research works have handled this issue. Therefore, new systems called DSMS (Data Stream Management Systems) appeared. The DSMS evaluates continuous queries on a stream or a window (finite subset of streams). These queries have to be specified before the stream's arrival. Nevertheless, in case of some applications, some data could be required after their expiration from the DSMS in-memory. In this case, the system cannot treat the queries as such data are definitely lost. To handle this issue, it is essential to keep a ummary of data stream. Many summaries algorithms have been developed. The selection of a summarizing method depends on the kind of data and the associated issue. In this thesis, we are first interested with the elaboration of a generic summary structure while coming to a compromise between the summary elaboration time and the quality of the summary. We introduce a new summary approach which is more efficient for querying very old data. Then, we focus on the uerying methods for these summaries. Our objective is to integrate the structure of generic summaries in the architecture of the existing DSMS. By this way, we extend the range of the possible queries. Thus, the processing of the queries on old stream data (expired data) becomes possible as well as queries on new stream data. To this end, we introduced two approaches. The difference between them is the role played by summary module when the query is evaluated
Boudellal, Toufik. "Extraction de l'information à partir des flux de données". Saint-Etienne, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STET4014.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe aim of this work is an attempt to resolve a mining data streams specified problem. It is an adaptative analysis of data streams. The web generation proposes new challenges due to the complexity of data structures. As an example, the data issued from virtual galleries, credit card transactions,. . . Generally, such data are continuous in time, and their sizes are dynamic. We propose a new algorithm based on measures applied to adaptative data streams. The interpretation of results is possible due to such measures. In fact, we compare our algorithm experimentally to other adapted approaches that are considered fundamental in the field. A modified algorithm that is more useful in applications is also discussed. This thesis finishes with a suggestions set about our future work relating to noises data streams and another set of suggestions about the future needfully work
Mourad, Georges. "L'analyse factorielle des correspondances et l'études de quelques marchés : flux des marchandises OCDE-OPEP et OCDE-URSS, flux du pétrole OPEP-OCDE, immatriculation de véhicules utilitaires et des voitures particulières en Europe occidentale". Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066212.
Pełny tekst źródłaAit, Moulay Larbi El mamoun. "Observation depuis le sol et analyse des émissions associées aux chutes des météorites sur la lune". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30395/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaMeteoroids, coming from small bodies of the solar system, produce luminous phenomena (impact flashes) when they strike the lunar surface. These transient light events are observable from the ground using medium-sized telescopes (typically> 200 mm in diameter) by using high-speed CCD cameras. In this thesis, we describe the instrumental configuration, observation and analysis procedure that was implemented at the Oukaimden Observatory for regular observation of lunar flashes. The first lunar impacts observed and confirmed from an observatory located in Africa and the Arab world are analyzed in this manuscript. We discuss the characteristics of five flashes and the physical parameters attributed to the associated impactors. We present an initial estimate of the impact flux from this first phase of monitoring lunar impacts from our observatories. We also present the development and testing of a strategy to accurately determine the coordinates of impacts observed from Earth. This precision of seleno-localization can be used for future seismological missions that will use meteoroid impacts to explore the lunar interior
Poli, Jean-Philippe. "Structuration automatique de flux télévisuels". Phd thesis, Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille III, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00207960.
Pełny tekst źródłaLa stabilité des grilles de programmes nous permet d'en proposer une modélisation statistique basée sur un modèle de Markov contextuel et un arbre de régression. Entraîné sur les grilles de programmes des années précédentes, ce modèle permet de pallier l'imprécision des guides de programmes (EPG, magazines). En rapprochant ces deux sources d'informations, nous sommes en mesure de prédire les séquences d'émissions les plus probables pour un jour de l'année et d'encadrer la durée des émissions.
A partir de ces grilles de programmes prédites et d'un ensemble de règles indiquant les éléments
caractéristiques d'une transition entre deux genres de programmes (images monochromes, silences ou logos), nous sommes en mesure de localiser ces ruptures à l'aide de d´etections effectuées localement dans le flux.
Chambefort, Françoise. "Mimèsis du flux, exploration des potentialités narratives des flux de données". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCC004.
Pełny tekst źródłaSometimes called stream art or data art, digital art seizes data streams as its raw materials. Choosing a path of creative research, this thesis explores the story-telling potentialities of data streams. Structured around technical, social, semiotic and aesthetic approaches, its thinking draws on various fields of study : information and communication sciences, but also computer sciences, cognitive sciences, philosophy, sociology and narratology. The work Lucette, Gare de Clichy was especially designed to answer the researched question. The conformation of the work allowed for two different versions of it : a screen version and a performance. It is studied in all its stages, from its creation process to the public's response to it. Jonathan Fletcher Moore's installation, Artificial Killing Machine, is also analyzed. First, our object of research - stories made from a real-time data stream - is defined and the concept of data mills is crafted to refer to this type of work. Then four hypothesis are formulated and individually verified. If data mills are to be able to form a narrative representation, they must free themselves from the logic of action. Thus can fiction become powered by reality. The metaphor that links the data originated in reality and the crafted fiction generates in the viewer a shifting of focus between what is compared and what compares. This switching-metaphor has the power to reinforce the meaning it carries. Data mills are therefore able to convey the contingency of life as experienced by a vulnerable individual, tossed back and forth between objective and subjective time
Garcon, Manuel. "Analyse Mathématique de quelques modèles de flux migratoire avec probabilité de migration endogène". Thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AGUY0704/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this thesis, we study some migration models from a mathematical point of view. We are interested by the country of origin of migrant as well as in his host country.More precisely, we study the models where the probability of migration of individuals depends on their human capital (essentially education). There are two important cases to be distinguished : the case where individuals migrate with thehuman capital inherited from their parents and the more difficult case -since it is generally a multivalued case- where the individuals migrate with the human capital they will obtain in the future.In the first case, we obtain some results similar to the ones found in literature. Moreover, we study the case of non constant populations and we propose other models. In the second case, where the individuals can migrate following the human capital they will have in the future, we obtain different selection mechanisms for which the human capital converges to a unique value at each time
Yessad, Karim. "Effets de résolution dans le modèle PERIDOT : analyse diagnostique par divergences de flux". Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU30120.
Pełny tekst źródłaPetit, Sylvain. "Une analyse du tourisme international : fragmentation de la production, flux croisés, effets redistributifs". Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL12013/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaDespite the dynamism of tourism sector and its weight in the international economy, this is an activity which is rarely studied by economists. The objective of this thesis is to lessen this deficiency. The first chapter is devoted to the international division of tourism production. By using a traditional international economy model and an empirical analysis, we show that tourismproduction can be internationally segmented into several steps of production, which are localized in different countries. The comparison of bilateral tourism flows is studied in the next four chapters. We begin by measuring the intra-industry trade in tourism. For this, we construct a methodology which can measure what we call ‘intra-tourism trade’ and can estimate the quality of international tourism services. We then analyze tourism specialization by level of quality, and in the following chapter, we present a theoretical and empirical survey of the intra-industry trade. Finally, we conduct an econometric study of the explaining factors for intra-tourism trade. The last chapter concerns another subject: the impact of international tourism on inequalities. For this, we conduct an econometric investigation, based on panel data modeling techniques, therefore being able to compare this impact to that of the other sectors in the economy
Bayce, Pascal. "Fractionnement par couplage flux force en mode multigravitationnel". Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05P215.
Pełny tekst źródłaNourhashemi, Mina. "Analyse multimodale du couplage neurovasculaire chez le nouveau-né". Thesis, Amiens, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AMIE0059/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaNeurovascular coupling (NVC) has become the key aspect for understanding brain function. A multimodal exploration would aim to identify the early NVC biomarkers and determine their predictive character. Paper (1): In this chapter, the photothermal interaction of NIR laser on human tissues were modelled in silico. The results demonstrated the safety of the noninvasive optical evaluation of the brain function and the maximum temperature increase was higher in the neonatal brain than in the adult brain. Paper (2 & 3): The main purpose of this thesis was to provide a multimodal view of the NVC and cerebrovascular regulation in the neonatal premature brain. Paper (2): Key findings included that rCBV and rCMRO2 have a predominant driving influence on rCBF at the resting-state in the preterm neonatal brain. Paper (3): The bursts of electroencephalographic activity in neonates in resting state were found to be coupled to a transient hemodynamic response involving different types of hemodynamic response including: (a) positive stereotyped hemodynamic responses (increases in HbO, decreases in HbR together with increases in CBF and CMRO2), (b) negative hemodynamic responses (increases in HbR, decreases in HbO together with decreases in CBF and CMRO2), (c) Increases and decreases in both HbO-HbR and CMRO2 together with no changes in CBF. The establishment of neurovascular coupling system was observed as a function of age. High coherence was observed between the cerebral hemodynamic (vascular) and electrical (neuronal) oscillations which was less in the non-encephalopathic newborns than in the two pathological groups
Hicheur, Awatef. "Modélisation et analyse des processus Workflows reconfigurables et distribués par les ECATNets récursifs". Paris, CNAM, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CNAM0645.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this thesis, we propose a new model for the modeling and the analysis of distributed and reconfigurable worklow processes, namely Recursive ECATNets (RECATNets). RECATNets are sound combination of the ordinary ECATNets (Extended Concurrent Algebraic Terms Nets) and the recursive Petri nets. The interest of RECATNets which we precise their syntax and semantics, is to offer a reursive mechanism appropiate for the modeling of the dynamic creation and suppression of processes. We show also, via this model, the verification of the correction criteria of workflow processes (soundness and compatibility). The semantic of RECATNets is described in terms of rewriting logic allows the rapid prototyping and the formal verification of these properties using the Maude system. We propose also a temporal extension of the RECATNets model for the explicit representation of time constraints of reconfigurable workflows. For a complete verification, we also develop a method for the construction of the state class graph of the T-RECATNets and implement it in the framework of the rewriting logic
Seigneur, Alain. "Cytométrie en flux : conception d'un appareil et validation expérimentale". Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112025.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe flow cytometry techniques allow the analysis and sorting of living biologic cells at rates above five for then thousand events per second. After a short review, we present in this report the design and development of a "high-tech" apparatus intended for research laboratories and the experimental results. The first part deals with the physical principles allowing morphologic and functional analysis of cells or cellular components. The measured parameters are as follows: electrical resistance pulse sizing, light scattering and fluorescence. Hydrodynamic centering is used, and in the same way, the division of a water-stream into droplets leading to electrostatic sorting of particules. The second part deals with the apparatus design at the "Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique" (C. E. A. ) and industrialised by "ODAM" (ATC 3000). The last part of this thesis work is the performance evaluations of this cytometer. The difference between the two size measurement methods are analyzed: electrical resistance pulse sizing versus small-angle light scattering. By an original optics design, high sensitivity has been reached in the fluorescence measurement: the equivalent noise corresponds to six hundred fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) molecules. The sorting performances have also been analyzed and the cell viability proven
Bey, Caroline. "Reconnaissance de mélodies intercalées et formation des flux auditifs : analyse fonctionnelle et exploration neuropsychologique". Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0083.
Pełny tekst źródłaBagga, Insaf. "Mesure et analyse des flux thermo-hydriques en zone urbaine hétérogène (SAP de l'IRSTV)". Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ECDN0022.
Pełny tekst źródłaSince 2006 a multi-disciplinary measurement station (Secteur Atelier Pluridisciplinaire, SAP) has been operational in Nantes as part of IRSTV. The objective is to monitor a semi-urban area over a timeframe of multiple years by measuring the fluxes that contribute to the water and energy balances, and by studying the effects of spatial heterogeneity on the micro-climate. Micro-meteorological data at SAP have been collected using a mast of 30m height with sensor packages for estimate the turbulent fluxes of sensible and latent heat by the Eddy Covariance method. The measurements obtained from April 2008 until November 2010 have been analyzed and validated, and stored in a coherent and uniform database. The interpretation of the flux measurements remains difficult due to the heterogeneity of the experimental site. The source regions of the measured flux (footprints) have been localized using the model by Schmid. A zone of 1 km in diameter around the mast was characterized in terms of soil coverage with the database BD-Topo of IGN. The analyses focus mainly on the 2009 data. The measurements have been compared to the simulations by the urban soil model SM2U. The performance indicators of the model for the evaluation of turbulent heat fluxes were very satisfactory. An alternative approach, suggested in this work, consisted of reproducing the SM2U fluxes that represent the source areas accounting for 80% of the fluxes. This alternative method yielded improved performance indicators for the sensible heat flux and the latent heat flux. The radiative, energy and water balances have been determined by SM2U for the SAP domain on the basis the meteorological data of 2009
Heux, Stéphanie. "Ingénierie métabolique et analyse 13C-flux du métabolisme central des levures Saccharomyces cerevisiae œnologiques". Dijon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DIJOS026.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn Saccharomyces cerevisiae, rerouting the carbon flux towards the formation of by-products other than ethanol promises to both offer insight into yeast metabolism and allow the development of strains with reduced ethanol yield; such strains could be used to decrease the ethanol content of wines. A first approach to do this involved the introduction of a bacterial NADH oxidase into S. Cerevisiae, resulting in a significant decrease in NADH production and a large redistribution of metabolic fluxes. Under controlled microaeration conditions, the ethanol yield declined by 7%, although the synthesis of oxidized metabolites increased. A second strategy, devised to remove a portion of the glucose as CO2, was based on the diversion of the carbon flux towards the pentose phosphate (PP) pathway. The phenotype of a phosphoglucose isomerase pgi1 mutant suggested that the PP pathway in the wine yeastderived strain V5 was limited. A comparative 13C-flux analysis of the metabolic networks of V5 and the ENY. WA-1A laboratory strain was performed. Major differences were observed in the flux distribution between the two strains. In the wine yeast, the flux through the PP pathway was markedly reduced, with fluxes redirected towards the formation of biomass, glycerol, and ethanol, consistent with the physiological fitness of this strain for wine fermentation conditions. These results shed new light on the metabolism of these strains and on the factors that act to limit the PP pathway. They also offer new perspectives for studying the metabolic diversity present in S. Cerevisiae species
Naasz, Rémi. "Flux couplés d'eau et d'oxygène dans les supports de culture organiques : analyse et modélisation". Angers, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ANGE0017.
Pełny tekst źródłaDistribution and movement of liquids and gases in growing media present high specificity due to the limited volume of susbtrate (for roots fonctioning) in which water and oxygen availability highly fluctuate over a short period of time. In order to optimize management of fertigation and for subsequent plant growth in soilless culture production, it is still necessary to improve our knowledge of transfer properties (water and oxygen) at the substrate-root interface. In this context, we first precisely studied the influence of the physical properties of two organic materials model (Sphagnum peat and composted pine barks) on the dynamic of water and oxygen, during a drying-wetting cycle. A hydrostructural model was proposed for these two organic materials. We showed that hysteresis phenomena observed in the surface properties (evolution of wettability related to water potential) could be associated with hysteresis phenomena observed in the hydraulic characteristics of these porous media. The deformation of materials also influence retention and transfer properties of water and air in the substrates. Modifications of the solid phase, which occured near saturation, underline different hydrostructural behaviour depending on whether peat (elastic, reversible deformation) or barks (plastic, partly irreversible deformation) is considered. "Not-limiting" range of water potential (corresponding to high oxygen and water flows in substrates) were determined, and results obtained are quite different from the empirical thresholds of -1 kPa and -10 kPa, still used for the management of fertigation in soilless culture production. In order to represent the effect of all properties beforehand define on oxygen and water availability related to the physiological needs of the plant, we embed these properties in a one-dimension transfer coupled model of water and oxygen in the root vicinity and on a one-day time scale. If one replaces in the "not-limiting" range of water potential, our model underline that it is difficult to maintain during one day of culture, at the same time, water and oxygen content conditions not limiting for the roots. These results were obtained whatever the substrate and the water content considered
Hayoun, Fabrice. "Analyse de l'activation plaquettaire par cytométrie en flux : utilisation du marqueur annexine V-FITC". Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05P076.
Pełny tekst źródłaAlmeida, Matos Anna Gualdina. "Typage du flux d'information sur déclassification et mobilité". Paris, ENMP, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ENMP1341.
Pełny tekst źródłaWe adress the issue of confidentiality and declassification in a language-based security approach. We study in particular the use of refined type and effect systems for staticallsy enforcing flexibale information flow policies over imperative higher – order languages with concurrrency. A general methodology for defining and proving the soundness of the type and effect system with respect to such properties is presented. We consider two main topics :- the long standing issue of finding a flexible information control mechanism that enables declassification. Our declassification mechanism takes the form of a local flow policy declaration that implements a local information flow policy- the largely unexplored topic of controlling information flow in a global computing setting, our network model, which naturally generalizeq the local setting, includes a notion of a domain and a standard migration primitive for code and resources. New forms of security leaks that are introduced by code mobility are revealed. In both the above settings, to take into account dynamic flow policies we introduce generalizatios of non-interference respectively named the « non disclosure « and » non disclosure for networks » for policies. Their implementation is supported by a concrete presentation of the security lattice where confidentiality levels are sets of principals , similar to acces control lists
Toma, Maria. "Cadre conceptuel et méthodologie d'analyse et de gestion des flux financiers". Caen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CAEN0641.
Pełny tekst źródłaLafin, Jean-Marc. "L'analyse des flux : apports et limites de l'approche par les traitements, principes et perspectives d'une approche par les données". Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010012.
Pełny tekst źródłaFinancial flux is an important concept in the field of financial management and analysis because it is used as the central factor in a great number of techniques, such as actualization and fluctuation charts. However, financiers, ostensibly out of o so-called respect for the "limited rationality" principle, should not resign themselves to ignore the fact that financial flux is essentially a datum. The resulting consequence of the mastery of "flux" datum, thanks to information system modelization techniques, is not only to improve knowledge of the concept, but also to perfect the management techniques that utilize it
Riché, Anne. "Analyse des principales sous-populations lymphocitaires du sang déterminées chez l'adulte par cytométrie en flux : valeurs usuelles, principales causes de variation, intérêt en pratique médicale". Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05P200.
Pełny tekst źródłaBrahic, N. "MECANISMES DE REMONTEE CAPILLAIRE EN NAPPE SUPERFICIELLE - Analyse des hypothèses du modèle de flux limite". Phd thesis, Institut national agronomique paris-grignon - INA P-G, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00717750.
Pełny tekst źródłaFortin, Guy. "Circulation financière et financement de la dépense : une analyse conjoncturelle des comptes des flux financiers". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5753.
Pełny tekst źródłaAllioui, Mohamed-Ali. "Analyse des relations entre dynamiques sociales identitaires et flux médiatiques globaux : Le cas des Kabyles". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3030.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis dissertation focuses on identifying processes implemented with the expansion of the Internet. In order to understand the characteristics of groups interacting online, the author proposes an approach using a group that is anthropologically constituted. This approach is based on the hypothesis that these online interactions cannot be separated from the media, social and anthropological contexts that caused them to take place. The author defines the socio-cultural group in his study, the Kabyles, as a deterritorialized Berber minority claiming the recognition of their cultural and linguistic identity; he shows that the Kabyles' case constitutes a relevant field of research to observe the dynamics between group identities and socio-technological networks. An empirical approach was used, which includes the method of triangulation for collecting data (field observation, corpus analysis, qualitative investigation) and a comprehensive approach to produce a model that is explanatory and interpretative of the group's relationship with authority, memory and territory. The author shows that ownership of the Internet leads to a pluralisation of identity references and a transformation of representations (more value for the group). These processes bring about the implementation of new media and identity practices that transcend constraints in both time and space, and they promote the manifestation of groups' will to independently set up a space for expression and collective action, allowing the emergence and the spread of a new politics of identity
Desvaux, Pierre. "L'arraisonnement des milieux urbains : .analyse des flux cataboliques au Caire (Egypte) et à Lyon (France)". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAH028/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis intend to formulate a qualitative analysis of urban metabolism based on the study of waste circulations in Cairo (Egypt) and Lyon (France). I propose here an analytical framework centered on multiple social and technical infrastructures allowing the circulation and transformation of matter to overlook assumptions of incommensurability of Northern and Southern urban contexts. Catabolic flows are presented as a way of encompassing the whole of the process of the « social death of things » understood as a practice of protection from the hygienic and critic hazards of waste. Such flows are deployed by an effort of enframing urban milieus through heterogeneous practices of coding and overcoding. Those notions help me to identify an western form of urbanization relying on an engineering of urban milieus (mesologic engineering). This theoretical frame is thought as a « third term » allowing a discussion between cases oftenly considered as incommensurable because of teratological understanding of urban development in the South. The idea is to set up what Souleymane Bachir Diagne calls an « universalism of translation » in line with postcolonial inquiries of a necessary renewal of urban theories through the study of southern urban experiences. Starting there, catabolic flows are studied through the analysis of enframing practices in Lyon and Cairo in the context of contemporary capitalist metabolism
Nkondi, Firmin Alfred. "L'investissement direct étranger et les autres flux de capitaux nord-sud : analyse théorique et empirique". Paris 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA020027.
Pełny tekst źródłaGuidi, Lionel. "Transformation du flux particulaire dans la colonne d'eau mésopélagique : analyse des processus et bilan global". Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066612.
Pełny tekst źródłaSantoro, Adriana. "Flux budgétaires et équité dans le budget de l'Union Européenne : analyse évolutive et perspectives futures". Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE0056.
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