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Bonnet, Laurent. "Analyse de signaux musicaux multipitch". Mémoire, Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2003. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1200.
Pełny tekst źródłaFuentes, Benoit. "L'analyse probabiliste en composantes latentes et ses adaptations aux signaux musicaux : application à la transcription automatique de musique et à la séparation de sources". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0011.
Pełny tekst źródłaAutomatic music transcription consists in automatically estimating the notes in a recording, through three attributes: onset time, duration and pitch. To address this problem, there is a class of methods which is based on the modeling of a signal as a sum of basic elements, carrying symbolic information. Among these analysis techniques, one can find the probabilistic latent component analysis (PLCA). The purpose of this thesis is to propose variants and improvements of the PLCA, so that it can better adapt to musical signals and th us better address the problem of transcription. To this aim, a first approach is to put forward new models of signals, instead of the inherent model 0 PLCA, expressive enough so they can adapt to musical notes having variations of both pitch and spectral envelope over time. A second aspect of this work is to provide tools to help the parameters estimation algorithm to converge towards meaningful solutions through the incorporation of prior knowledge about the signals to be analyzed, as weil as a new dynamic model. Ali the devised algorithms are applie to the task of automatic transcription. They can also be directly used for source separation, which consists in separating several sources from a mixture, and Iwo applications are put forward in this direction
Fuentes, Benoît. "L'analyse probabiliste en composantes latentes et ses adaptations aux signaux musicaux : application à la transcription automatique de musique et à la séparation de sources". Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0011/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaAutomatic music transcription consists in automatically estimating the notes in a recording, through three attributes: onset time, duration and pitch. To address this problem, there is a class of methods which is based on the modeling of a signal as a sum of basic elements, carrying symbolic information. Among these analysis techniques, one can find the probabilistic latent component analysis (PLCA). The purpose of this thesis is to propose variants and improvements of the PLCA, so that it can better adapt to musical signals and th us better address the problem of transcription. To this aim, a first approach is to put forward new models of signals, instead of the inherent model 0 PLCA, expressive enough so they can adapt to musical notes having variations of both pitch and spectral envelope over time. A second aspect of this work is to provide tools to help the parameters estimation algorithm to converge towards meaningful solutions through the incorporation of prior knowledge about the signals to be analyzed, as weil as a new dynamic model. Ali the devised algorithms are applie to the task of automatic transcription. They can also be directly used for source separation, which consists in separating several sources from a mixture, and Iwo applications are put forward in this direction
Nistal, Hurlé Javier. "Exploring generative adversarial networks for controllable musical audio synthesis". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022IPPAT009.
Pełny tekst źródłaAudio synthesizers are electronic musical instruments that generate artificial sounds under some parametric control. While synthesizers have evolved since they were popularized in the 70s, two fundamental challenges are still unresolved: 1) the development of synthesis systems responding to semantically intuitive parameters; 2) the design of "universal," source-agnostic synthesis techniques. This thesis researches the use of Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) towards building such systems. The main goal is to research and develop novel tools for music production that afford intuitive and expressive means of sound manipulation, e.g., by controlling parameters that respond to perceptual properties of the sound and other high-level features. Our first work studies the performance of GANs when trained on various common audio signal representations (e.g., waveform, time-frequency representations). These experiments compare different forms of audio data in the context of tonal sound synthesis. Results show that the Magnitude and Instantaneous Frequency of the phase and the complex-valued Short-Time Fourier Transform achieve the best results. Building on this, our following work presents DrumGAN, a controllable adversarial audio synthesizer of percussive sounds. By conditioning the model on perceptual features describing high-level timbre properties, we demonstrate that intuitive control can be gained over the generation process. This work results in the development of a VST plugin generating full-resolution audio and compatible with any Digital Audio Workstation (DAW). We show extensive musical material produced by professional artists from Sony ATV using DrumGAN. The scarcity of annotations in musical audio datasets challenges the application of supervised methods to conditional generation settings. Our third contribution employs a knowledge distillation approach to extract such annotations from a pre-trained audio tagging system. DarkGAN is an adversarial synthesizer of tonal sounds that employs the output probabilities of such a system (so-called “soft labels”) as conditional information. Results show that DarkGAN can respond moderately to many intuitive attributes, even with out-of-distribution input conditioning. Applications of GANs to audio synthesis typically learn from fixed-size two-dimensional spectrogram data analogously to the "image data" in computer vision; thus, they cannot generate sounds with variable duration. In our fourth paper, we address this limitation by exploiting a self-supervised method for learning discrete features from sequential data. Such features are used as conditional input to provide step-wise time-dependent information to the model. Global consistency is ensured by fixing the input noise z (characteristic in adversarial settings). Results show that, while models trained on a fixed-size scheme obtain better audio quality and diversity, ours can competently generate audio of any duration. One interesting direction for research is the generation of audio conditioned on preexisting musical material, e.g., the generation of some drum pattern given the recording of a bass line. Our fifth paper explores a simple pretext task tailored at learning such types of complex musical relationships. Concretely, we study whether a GAN generator, conditioned on highly compressed MP3 musical audio signals, can generate outputs resembling the original uncompressed audio. Results show that the GAN can improve the quality of the audio signals over the MP3 versions for very high compression rates (16 and 32 kbit/s). As a direct consequence of applying artificial intelligence techniques in musical contexts, we ask how AI-based technology can foster innovation in musical practice. Therefore, we conclude this thesis by providing a broad perspective on the development of AI tools for music production, informed by theoretical considerations and reports from real-world AI tool usage by professional artists
Rossignol, Stéphane. "Segmentation et indexation des signaux sonores musicaux". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010732.
Pełny tekst źródła1) Le premier niveau de segmentation, appelé << sources >>, concerne la distinction entre la parole et la musique. Les sons considérés peuvent provenir par exemple de bandes-son de films ou d'émissions radiophoniques.
Des fonctions d'observation sont étudiées, qui ont pour objectif de mettre en évidence les propriétés différentes du signal de parole et du signal de musique. Plusieurs méthodes de classification ont été étudiées. Les performances du système avec des signaux réels sont discutées.
2) Le deuxième niveau de segmentation, appelé << caractéristiques >>, concerne ce type d'index : silence/son, voisé/non voisé, harmonique/inharmonique, monophonique/polyphonique, avec vibrato/sans vibrato, avec trémolo/sans trémolo. La plupart de ces caractéristiques donnent lieu à des fonctions d'observation utilisées par le troisième niveau de segmentation.
La détection du vibrato, l'estimation de ses paramètres (fréquence et amplitude) et sa suppression du trajet de la fondamentale ont été particulièrement étudiées. Un ensemble de techniques sont décrites. Les performances de ces techniques avec des sons réels sont discutées.
Le vibrato est supprimé du trajet de la fondamentale original afin d'obtenir une ligne mélodique << lissée >>. Alors, ce nouveau trajet de la fondamentale peut être utilisé pour la segmentation en notes (troisième niveau de segmentation) des extraits musicaux, et peut aussi être utilisé pour des modifications de ces sons.
La détection du vibrato est opérée seulement si, lors du premier niveau de segmentation, c'est la source << musique >> qui a été détectée.
3) Le troisième niveau de segmentation concerne la segmentation en << notes ou en phones ou plus généralement en parties stables >>, suivant la nature du son considéré : instrumental, voix chantée, parole, son percussif...
L'analyse est composée de quatre étapes. La première consiste à extraire un grand nombre de fonctions d'observation. Une fonction d'observation est d'autant plus appropriée qu'elle présente des pics grands et fins quand des transitions surviennent et que sa moyenne et sa variance restent petites pendant les zones stables. Trois types de transitions existent : celles en fréquence fondamentale, celles en énergie et celles en contenu spectral. En deuxième lieu, chaque fonction d'observation est automatiquement seuillée. En troisième lieu, une fonction de décision finale, correspondant aux marques de segmentation, est construite à partir des fonctions d'observation seuillées. Finalement, pour les sons monophoniques et harmoniques, la transcription automatique est effectuée. Les performances du système avec des sons réels sont discutées.
Les données obtenues pour un certain niveau de segmentation sont utilisées par les niveaux de segmentation de numéro d'ordre supérieurs afin d'améliorer leurs performances.
La longueur des segments donnés par le niveau de segmentation en << sources >> peut être de quelques minutes. La longueur des segments donnés par le niveau de segmentation en << caractéristiques >> est communément plus petite : elle est disons de l'ordre de quelques dizaines de secondes. La longueur des segments donnés par le niveau de segmentation en << zones stables >> est le plus souvent inférieure à une seconde.
Gillet, Olivier. "Transcription des signaux percussifs : application à l'analyse de scènes musicales audiovisuelles". Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002805.
Pełny tekst źródłaCont, Arshia. "Traitement et programmation temps-réel des signaux musicaux". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00829771.
Pełny tekst źródłaTremblay-Boucher, Vincent. "FLCAA : système de codage parcimonieux et d'analyse perceptuelle des signaux sonores en temps réel". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6215.
Pełny tekst źródłaHennequin, Romain. "Décomposition de spectrogrammes musicaux informée par des modèles de synthèse spectrale : modélisation des variations temporelles dans les éléments sonores". Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00648997.
Pełny tekst źródłaOlivero, Anaik. "Les multiplicateurs temps-fréquence : Applications à l’analyse et la synthèse de signaux sonores et musicaux". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4788/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaAnalysis/Transformation/Synthesis is a generalparadigm in signal processing, that aims at manipulating or generating signalsfor practical applications. This thesis deals with time-frequencyrepresentations obtained with Gabor atoms. In this context, the complexity of a soundtransformation can be modeled by a Gabor multiplier. Gabormultipliers are linear diagonal operators acting on signals, andare characterized by a time-frequency transfer function of complex values, called theGabor mask. Gabor multipliers allows to formalize the conceptof filtering in the time-frequency domain. As they act by multiplying in the time-frequencydomain, they are "a priori'' well adapted to producesound transformations like timbre transformations. In a first part, this work proposes to model theproblem of Gabor mask estimation between two given signals,and provides algorithms to solve it. The Gabor multiplier between two signals is not uniquely defined and the proposed estimationstrategies are able to generate Gabor multipliers that produce signalswith a satisfied sound quality. In a second part, we show that a Gabor maskcontain a relevant information, as it can be viewed asa time-frequency representation of the difference oftimbre between two given sounds. By averaging the energy contained in a Gabor mask, we obtain a measure of this difference that allows to discriminate different musical instrumentsounds. We also propose strategies to automaticallylocalize the time-frequency regions responsible for such a timbre dissimilarity between musicalinstrument classes. Finally, we show that the Gabor multipliers can beused to construct a lot of sounds morphing trajectories,and propose an extension
Feltekh, Kais. "Analyse spectrale des signaux chaotiques". Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01071919.
Pełny tekst źródłaAlonso, Arevalo Miguel. "Extraction d'information rythmique à partir d'enregistrements musicaux". Paris, ENST, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ENST0036.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis dissertation presents work on the development of tools for the automated analysis of music signals, more exactly it proposes a number of techniques to identify and examine the fundamental elements of musical rhythm. There exist many applications requiring rhythmic information, for example automatic music transcription, music information retrieval, audio special effects, audio editing. The main research axis was the development of techniques to estimate rhythmic parameters of music such as beat rates and beat localizations at two different metrical levels: the tatum and the tactus (or tempo). In this work, we have proposed to carry out the analysis after separating the audio signal in a deterministic part (containing the harmonic sounds) and the stochastic part (containing the residual signal after extracting the harmonics from the original signal). We exploited the principle of the so-called Spectral Energy Flux, i. E. , the rate of change of the power spectrum as a function of time, to develop an effective algorithm to estimate the amount of musical stress at a given time. We have also presented a technique based on the dynamic programming algorithm that was specially conceived to track simultaneously the course of several rhythmic trajectories through time. The effectiveness of the system was validated using a database comprising 1435 musical pieces and covering ten musical genres. The algorithms was also submitted to external evaluation within the framework of the international contest "Music Information Retrieval Evaluation eXchange" in the category of "tempo extraction", and in the 2005 obtained the first place among more than twelve submissions
Grassin, Stéphane. "Analyse temps-fréquence des signaux discrets". Rennes 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN10165.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoron, Alain. "Analyse de signaux climatiques et solaires". Grenoble INPG, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPG0037.
Pełny tekst źródłaBoudaoud, Sofiane. "Analyse de la variabilité de forme des signaux : Application aux signaux électrophysiologiques". Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00377428.
Pełny tekst źródłaAu chapitre 2, nous nous intéressons à la caractérisation objective de l'acouphène, une sensation sonore fantôme. En effet, un problème majeur est l'absence de critère objectif pour le caractériser. Pour cela nous étudions l'activité spontanée composite (ASC) issue du nerf auditif et les potentiels évoqués (PE) issus de relais auditifs en présence de salicylate, un générateur d'acouphènes, chez le cochon d'Inde. La première partie du travail consiste en la présentation d'un modèle de génération de l'ASC. Ce modèle nous sert à tester en simulation des scénarios possibles d'altérations neurosensorielles en présence de salicylate. En complément de l'index spectral décrit dans la littérature, nous proposons d'employer un critère de similarité sur la distribution d'amplitude de l'ASC pour mesurer ces altérations. La seconde partie du chapitre consiste à étudier la variabilité temporelle des PE sur plusieurs relais auditifs en présence de salicylate.
Au chapitre 3, nous montrons des applications de détection de pathologies à partir de l'analyse de forme d'une composante spécifique de l'ECG, l'onde P. Les pathologies concernées sont la fibrillation auriculaire et l'apnée du sommeil.
Dellandréa, Emmanuel. "Analyse de signaux vidéos et sonores : application à l'étude de signaux médicaux". Tours, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOUR4031.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe work deals with the study of multimedia sequences containing images and sounds. The analysis of images sequences consists in the tracking of moving objects in order to allow the study of their properties. The investigations have to enable the understanding of sounds when correlated to events in the image sequence. One generic method, based on the combination of regions and contours tracking, and one method adapted to homogeneous objects, based on level set theory, are proposed. The analysis of audio data consists in the development of an identification system based on the study of the structure of signals thanks to their coding and Zipf laws modeling. These methods have been evaluated on medical sequences within the framework of the gastro-oesophageal reflux pathology study, in collaboration with the Acoustique et Motricité Digestive research team of the University of Tours
Voicu, Iulian. "Analyse, caractérisation et classification de signaux foetaux". Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00907317.
Pełny tekst źródłaSUISSE, GEORGES. "Analyse temps-frequence des signaux electriques cerebraux". Nice, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NICE5284.
Pełny tekst źródłaNguyen, Minh-Quy. "Analyse multi-dimensionnelle et analyse par les ondelettes des signaux sismiques". Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPG0017.
Pełny tekst źródłaBATAILLOU, ERIC. "Analyse de signaux transitoires bruites : traitement sequentiel et traitement vectoriel. application aux signaux biomedicaux". Nice, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NICE4767.
Pełny tekst źródłaVi-Tong, Eric. "Analyse et classification séquentielle de signaux d'émission acoustique". Compiègne, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986COMPS138.
Pełny tekst źródłaPeter, Zsolt-Andrei. "Analyse de signaux et d'images en turbulence 2D". Bordeaux 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR12926.
Pełny tekst źródłaRivoira, Arnaud. "Analyse spectrale des signaux stochastiques à échantillonage aléatoire". Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112157.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe work presented here deals with the spectral analysis of randomly sampled stochastic signals. After some recalls on the technical and scientific issues at stake, a state of the art of the previous methods is given and the mathematical framework is introduced. Spectral analysis methods can be classified into two categories according to whether or not they use the sampling times are used. The methods of the latter category are considered first. Following an overview of these methods, a new parametric approach, based on the identification to the CARMA model, is detailed. Then, the methods using the values of the sampling times are studied. In particular, two classes of estimators are proposed: the estimators, called IRINCORREL, which are related to those introduced by Masry, the estimators by projection, which generalize the very famous Slotting technique and its different versions. Finally, we conclude by giving a synthetic summary exhibiting the different prospects of this study and the possible extensions that could be investigated
Laleg, Taous-Meriem. "Analyse de signaux par quantification semi-classique. Application à l'analyse des signaux de pression artérielle". Phd thesis, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00357309.
Pełny tekst źródłaLaleg, Kirati Taous-Meriem. "Analyse de signaux par quantification semi-classique : application à l'analyse des signaux de pression artérielle". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008VERS0041.
Pełny tekst źródłaCette thèse introduit une nouvelle méthode d'analyse de signaux, appelée SCSA, basée sur une quantification semi-classique. L'idée principale de la SCSA consiste à interpréter un signal en forme d’impulsions comme un puits de potentiel pour une particule semi-classique et à le représenter par les niveaux d’énergie discrets associés donnés par le spectre discret d’un opérateur de Schrödinger. La SCSA est une première étape vers une approximation par solitons (potentiels sans réflexion), qui définit une représentation parcimonieuse du signal, intéressante pour des applications en traitement du signal, par exemple la compression de données. Ce travail propose aussi un algorithme numérique pour l’estimation de signaux par la SCSA et présente les résultats de l’analyse des signaux de pression artérielle par cette méthode. En plus de la reconstruction satisfaisante de ces signaux, la SCSA introduit de nouveaux indices qui semblent véhiculer des informations physiologiques importantes
Monir, Abdelilah. "Contribution à la modélisation et à la synthèse des signaux aléatoires : signaux non gaussiens, signaux à corrélation non exponentielle". Angers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ANGE0020.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe complex systems that bring a large number of interacting agents which play in a non commonplace way, can in some operating systems present non standard statistical properties, which are opposed to those of the traditional linear systems. In particular, the statistics of the first order are often characterized by a non gaussian probability density, this density in the majority of the cases with a heavy-tail. In the same way, for statistics of the second order, the correlations are often non exponential, freqquently with long statistical dependence. It is precisely with the modeling and the synthesis of random signals obeying these statistical properties, that this work is devoted. Initially, we approach the heavy-tail phenomenon of the probability density. In order to model it, we use the "generalized gaussian with an α exponent". Particulary, we succeed to reverse the distribution function of the generalized gaussian noise with an 1/2 exponent, which will be presented by means of special function called "Lambert function". For the first time, we propose a synthesis method of this noise with controlled accuracy starting from the numerical evaluation of this function. We study then the long statistical dependence phenomenon through the development of a new model, based on dynamic systems (max,+). For the synthesis of the e®ective achievements, the model proposed has the advantage of taking the form of a simple recurrence of one order, easily programmable, allowing an on-line synthesis on potentially unlimited temporal horizons. These models would find some applications in simulation of real physical systems for many areas such as computer network tra±c, telecommunications network tra±c, transport road tra±c and stock exchange. .
Vincent, Emmanuel. "Modèles d'instruments pour la séparation de sources et la transcription d'enregistrements musicaux". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00544710.
Pełny tekst źródłaYvetot, Stéphane. "Analyse de Prony multi-modèle de signaux transitoires : application aux signaux générés par l'impulsion électromagnétique d'origine nucléaire". Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT088H.
Pełny tekst źródłaAassif, El Houcein. "Analyse de signaux physiologiques. Evaluation et implementation de methodes de traitement automatique de signaux de manometrie digestive". Rennes 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REN10142.
Pełny tekst źródłaKorifi, Rabia. "Développement de nouvelles méthodologies de traitement des signaux analytiques : application aux signaux chromatographiques. Analyse de mélanges complexes". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4323.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis focuses on the creation of an expert system for automatic alignment of chromatographic signals in response to a problem of drifts and shifts of signals encountered in the inter-comparison of data in evolving environment. After a state of the art of the different alignment methods that exist in the literature, the performances of freely available methods were tested on sets of simulated and real chromatographic data. At the end of this methodical work, it turned out that none of the methods did not provide fully satisfactory in terms of performance defined in the specification. Thus, an optimization of the best alignment method has been developed so that it can be attached to a software acquisition and processing of chromatographic data. The last part of this thesis deals with a complementary problem, the conformity of the samples in terms of quality control. The similarity of the peaks is evaluated according to criteria developed and validated by manual operation data
Korifi, Rabia. "Développement de nouvelles méthodologies de traitement des signaux analytiques : application aux signaux chromatographiques. Analyse de mélanges complexes". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4323.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis focuses on the creation of an expert system for automatic alignment of chromatographic signals in response to a problem of drifts and shifts of signals encountered in the inter-comparison of data in evolving environment. After a state of the art of the different alignment methods that exist in the literature, the performances of freely available methods were tested on sets of simulated and real chromatographic data. At the end of this methodical work, it turned out that none of the methods did not provide fully satisfactory in terms of performance defined in the specification. Thus, an optimization of the best alignment method has been developed so that it can be attached to a software acquisition and processing of chromatographic data. The last part of this thesis deals with a complementary problem, the conformity of the samples in terms of quality control. The similarity of the peaks is evaluated according to criteria developed and validated by manual operation data
Xiao, Zhongzhe Chen Liming. "Recognition of emotions in audio signals". Ecully : Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2008. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/zxiao.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaGottin, Bertrand. "Analyse multi-capteurs de signaux transitoires issus de systèmes électriques". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00565368.
Pełny tekst źródłaLiu, Da-Yan. "Analyse d'Erreurs d'Estimateurs des Dérivées de Signaux Bruités et Applications". Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00634652.
Pełny tekst źródłaZaylaa, Amira. "Analyse et extraction de paramètres de complexité de signaux biomédicaux". Thesis, Tours, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUR3315/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe analysis of biomedical time series derived from nonlinear dynamic systems is challenging due to the chaotic nature of these time series. Only few classical parameters can be detected by clinicians to opt the state of patients and fetuses. Though there exist valuable complexity invariants such as multi-fractal parameters, entropies and recurrence plot, they were unsatisfactory in certain cases. To overcome this limitation, we propose in this dissertation new entropy invariants, we contributed to multi-fractal analysis and we developed signal-based (unbiased) recurrence plots based on the dynamic transitions of time series. Principally, we aim to improve the discrimination between healthy and distressed biomedical systems, particularly fetuses by processing the time series using our techniques. These techniques were either validated on Lorenz system, logistic maps or fractional Brownian motions modeling chaotic and random time series. Then the techniques were applied to real fetus heart rate signals recorded in the third trimester of pregnancy. Statistical measures comprising the relative errors, standard deviation, sensitivity, specificity, precision or accuracy were employed to evaluate the performance of detection. Elevated discernment outcomes were realized by the high-order entropy invariants. Multi-fractal analysis using a structure function enhances the detection of medical fetal states. Unbiased cross-determinism invariant amended the discrimination process. The significance of our techniques lies behind their post-processing codes which could build up cutting-edge portable machines offering advanced discrimination and detection of Intrauterine Growth Restriction prior to fetal death. This work was devoted to Fetal Heart Rates but time series generated by alternative nonlinear dynamic systems should be further considered
Bernard, Cindy. "Caractérisation des phénomènes physiques par analyse parcimonieuse des signaux transitoires". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAT090/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaFor their uniqueness, transient are really difficult to characterize. They are met everywhere and are generally the result of very complex physical phenomena that contain a lot of information such as the transient at its origin, the effect of the propagation through the medium and the effects induced by the transducers. They can correspond to communication between mammals as well as being the reflection of a fault in electrical or hydraulic networks for instance. Hence their study is of great importance even though it is quite complicated. Numerous signal processing methods have been developed in the last decades: they often rely on statistical approaches, linear projections of the signal onto dictionaries and data-driven techniques. All those methods have pros and cons since they often provide good detections, nevertheless their characterization for classification and discrimination purposes remains complicated. In this spirit, this thesis proposes new approaches to study transients. After a brief overview of the existing methods, this work first focuses on the representation of signals having tight-varying time-frequency components. Generally, general complex-time distributions present a proper framework to study them but remain limited to narrow band signals. In a first part, we propose to overcome this limitation in the case of signals with a spread time-frequency variation. This method is based on the compression of the signal's spectrum to a bandwidth that ensures the efficiency of the technique. A second part then focuses on the extraction of nonlinear modulation phase signals in the context of nonstationary noise and other coherent signals. This is performed with warping operators and compressive sensing reconstruction techniques. The third chapter then focuses on data-driven methods based on the representation of the signal in phase space. The main contribution takes advantage of the lag diversity that enables to highlight time scale transformations as well as amplitude modifications between transients. Hence, we develop different techniques enabling to highlight those properties. Finally, works presented in the first chapters are developed in applicative contexts such as: ECG segmentation, electrical transient characterization, a passive acoustic configuration and the study of acoustic signals in an immerse environment. We then end up by some conclusions and perspectives for future works
Toussaint, Michel. "Méthodologie et analyse des signaux électroencéphalographiques : développement d'un nouveau système". Mulhouse, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MULH0208.
Pełny tekst źródłaOehlmann, Harald. "Analyse temps-fréquence de signaux vibratoires de boites de vitesses". Nancy 1, 1996. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1996_0216_OEHLMANN.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaLéger, Stéphanie. "Analyse stochastique de signaux multi-fractaux et estimations de paramètres". Orléans, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ORLE2045.
Pełny tekst źródłaTHORAVAL, LAURENT. "Analyse statistique de signaux electrocardiographiques par modeles de markov caches". Rennes 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995REN10088.
Pełny tekst źródłaFadili, Jalal. "Analyse spatio-temporelle des signaux d'activation cerebrale en irm fonctionnelle". Caen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CAEN2059.
Pełny tekst źródłaLiu, Dayan. "Analyse d'erreurs d'estimateurs des dérivées de signaux bruités et applications". Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10027/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis concerns the construction and analysis of robust estimators for the numerical calculations of the derivatives of noisy signals and the parameters of noisy sinusoidal signals. In the first part of this thesis, we study some families of derivative estimators obtained by the algebraic methods. We show that a class of them can be directly obtained by truncating the Jacobi orthogonal series. This consideration allows us to extend the set of the parameters defining these estimators to IR. Then, we analyze the influence of these extended parameters on the truncation error which produces a time-delay estimation in causal case, on the error due to noises considered as stochastic processes, and finally on the error due to numerical integration methods. Thus, we show how to reduce the time-delay and the noise effect. A validation of this approach is achieved by constructing a non-asymptotic observer of the state variables of a nonlinear system. In the second part of this thesis, by using the algebraic method we construct estimators of the parameters of a noisy sinusoidal signal the amplitude of which varies with time. Moreover, we show that the modulating functions method has a link to the algebraic method. We then study the influence of parameters defining the estimators on the noise error contribution and the numerical integration error. In particular, some error bounds of these errors are given for a class of parameter estimators. Finally, a comparison between these estimators and the classical synchronous detection method is performed so as to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on such signals
Pruneau, Éric. "Algorithmes de poursuite et analyse temps-fréquence de signaux Doppler". Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2003. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1165/1/030133129.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaBertholon, Francois. "Analyse de mélanges à partir de signaux de chromatographie gazeuse". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAT110.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe chromatography is a chemical technique to separate entities from a mixture. In this thesis, we will focused on the gaseous mixture, and particularly on the signal processing of gas chromatography. To acquire those signal we use different sensors. However whatever the sensor used, we obtain a peaks succession, where each peak corresponds to an entity present in the mixture. Our aim is then to analyze gaseous mixtures from acquired signals, by characterizing each peaks. After a bibliographic survey of the chromatography, we chose the Giddings and Eyring distribution to describe a peak shape. This distribution define the probability that a molecule walking randomly through the chromatographic column go out at a given time. Then we propose analytical model of the chromatographic signal which corresponds to a peak shape mixture model. Also in first approximation, this model is considered as Gaussian mixture model. To process those signals, we studied two broad groups of methods, executed upon real data and simulated data. The first family of algorithms consists in a Bayesian estimation of unknown parameters of our model. The order of mixture model can be include in the unknown parameters. It corresponds also to the number of entity in the gaseous mixture. To estimate those parameters, we use a Gibbs sampler, and Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling, or a variational approach. The second methods consists in a sparse representation of the signal upon a dictionary. This dictionary includes a large set of peak shapes. The sparsity is then characterized by the number of components of the dictionary needed to describe the signal. At last we propose a sparse Bayesian method
Bordon, Emmanuelle. "Contribution à une analyse de l'interprétation des pictogrammes". Grenoble 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE3A006.
Pełny tekst źródłaBeya, Ouadi. "Analyse et reconnaissance de signaux vibratoires : contribution au traitement et à l'analyse de signaux cardiaques pour la télémédecine". Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOS015/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe heart is a muscle. Its mechanical operation is like a pump charged for distributing and retrieving the blood in the lungs and cardiovascular system. Its electrical operation is regulated by the sinus node, a pacemaker or electric regulator responsible for triggering the natural heart beats that punctuate the functioning of the body.Doctors monitor the electromechanical functioning of the heart by recording an electrical signal called an electrocardiogram (ECG) or an audible signal : the phonocardiogram (PCG). The analysis and processing of these two signals are essential for diagnosis, to help detect anomalies and cardiac pathologies.The objective of this thesis is to develop signal processing tools on ECG and PCG to assist cardiologist in his analysis of these signals. The basic idea is to develop algorithms of low complexity and having inexpensive computing time. The primary interest is to ensure their easy implementation in a mobile heart monitoring system for use by the doctor or the patient. The second advantage lies in the possibility of automatic real-time analysis of signals with the mobile device, allowing control of the transmission of these signals to a removal of doubt.Numerous studies have led to significant advances in the analysis of ECG signals and the automatic recognition of cardiac conditions. Databases of real or synthetic signals annotated also assess the performance of new methods. PCG signals are much less studied, difficult to analyze and to interpret. The main methods (Fourier, wavelet and Wigner Ville) were tested : they do not allow automatic recognition of signatures, and an accurate understanding of their contents.Wavelet Transform (WT) on cardiac signals showed its effectiveness to filter and locate useful information, but it involves an external processing function (mother wavelet) whose the choice depends on the prior knowledge on the signal to be processed. This is not always suitable for cardiac signals. Moreover, the wavelet transform generally induces inaccuracies in the location due to the external function and optionally due to the sub- sampling of the signatures.The non-stationary nature of the ECG and PCG and their sensitivity to noise makes it difficult to separate an informative transition of a transition due to measurement noise. The choice of treatment tool should allow denoising and analysis of these signals without alteration or the processing tool delocalization of the singularities.In response to our objectives and considering these problems, we propose to rely primarily on empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and Hilbert Huang Transform (HHT) to develop solutions. The EMD is a non linear approach decomposing the signal in intrinsic signal (IMF), oscillations of the type FM-AM, giving a time/scale signal representation. Associated with the Hilbert transform (TH), the THH determines the instantaneous amplitude (IA) and instantaneous frequency (IF) of each mode, leading to a time/frequency representation of the ECG and PCG.Without involving an external function, EMD approach can restore (noise reduction), analyze and reconstruct the signal without relocation of its singularities. This approach allows to locate R peaks of the ECG, heart rate and study the cardiac frequency variability (CFV), locate and analyze the sound components B1 and B2 of the PCG.Among the trials and developments that we made, we present in particular a new method (EDA : empirical denoising approach) inspired by the EMD approach for denoising cardiac signals. We also set out the implementation of two approaches for locating ECG signature (QRS complex, T and P waves). The first is based on the detection of local maxima : in using Modulus Maxima and Lipschitz exponent followed by a classifier. The second uses NFLS, wich an nonlinear approach for the detection and location of unique transitions in the discrete domain
Sharabaty, Hassan. "Diagnostic de la somnolence d'un opérateur : analyse automatique de signaux physiologiques". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00197161.
Pełny tekst źródłaRanta, Radu. "Traitement et analyse de signaux sonores physiologiques : application à la phonoentérographie". Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005906.
Pełny tekst źródłaFeghali, Ramzi El. "Analyse des signaux de la pression artérielle, intérêts en pratique clinique". Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10060.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe aim of this work was to improve high-risk hypertensive care with cardiovascular outcomes especially metabolic syndrome. Blood pressure (BP) parameters and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were detected using non invasive technics. The first step consisted in analyzing the fiability of the oscillometric BP measurements in obeses with a large arm. As a second step, the effect of clinical or ambulatory BP, heart rate, and metabolic syndrome factors on arterial stiffness assessed by PWV was evaluated by conducting phase IV studies. Finally, we evaluated the BP normalization values after a short to medium term treatment of hypertensive diabetes and non diabetes with different antihypertensives (ARB : angiotensin 2 receptor blockers, ACEI : angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, and CCB : calcium channel blockers)
Châvez, Mario. "Analyse de signaux SEEG intercritiques : : apport de modèles dynamiques non linéaires". Rennes 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REN10075.
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