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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Anaerobic Digestor Effluent"
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Morel, E., K. Santamaria, M. Perrier, S. R. Guiot, and B. Tartakovsky. "Multi-wavelength fluorometry for anaerobic digestion process monitoring." Water Science and Technology 52, no. 1-2 (2005): 465–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0554.
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Applicability of multi-wavelength fluorometry for anaerobic digestion process monitoring was investigated in a 3.5 L upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) lab-scale reactor. Both off-line and on-line monitoring of key process parameters was tested. Off-line emission spectra were measured at an angle of 90° to the excitation beam using a cuvette. On-line measurements were carried out using a fiber optic probe in the external recirculation line of the digester. Fluorescence spectra were correlated to available analytical measurements to obtain partial least square regression models. An independent set of measurements was used to validate the regression models. Model estimations showed reasonable agreement with analytical measurements with multiple determination coefficients (R2) between 0.6 and 0.95. Results showed that off-line fluorescence measurements can be used for fast estimation of anaerobic digestor effluent quality. At the same time, the on-line implementation of multi-wavelength fluorescence measurements can be used for real-time process monitoring and, potentially, for on-line process control.
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Sacks, J., and C. A. Buckley. "Anaerobic treatment of textile size effluent." Water Science and Technology 40, no. 1 (1999): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0038.
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This investigation focused on the KwaZulu-Natal province, where a number of under-utilised and under-performing anaerobic digesters were identified. The aim of the study was to assess the potential for treatment of high-strength or toxic organic agro-industrial effluents in the available capacity. The anaerobic digestion of a textile size effluent was investigated. Inhibitory components and concentrations of the solution were identified. The size solution was degraded anaerobically but could cause overloading of a digester at high concentrations. The performance efficiency of the anaerobic digesters at the Umbilo Sewage Purification Works was evaluated. The digesters were operating efficiently and had available hydraulic and organic capacities. This investigation confirmed the potential for the treatment of high-strength organic effluents in the available anaerobic digester capacity.
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Aasima, Abid, Khan Huriyah, Fatima Zeb Tehseen, et al. "Macromolecular characterization and growth kinetics of Arthrospiraplatensis and Chlorella Vulgarisas affected by different media (synthetic and Anaerobic Digestor Effluent) -Acomparative study." International Journal of Endorsing Health Science Research 8, no. 4 (2020): 188–201. https://doi.org/10.29052/IJEHSR.v8.i4.2020.188-201.
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Abstract <strong>Background:</strong> Global concern about the availability of irrefragable, nutritious food to the masses to eliminate malnutrition had raised interest in microalgae-based dietary supplements. Furthermore, improper disposal of industrial wastewater is contaminating freshwater resources around the world, which is increasing the demand for eco-friendly water recycling strategies. The focus has been shifted to the use of microalgae because of their ability to treat wastewater and their biotechnological applications. Among them, <em>Chlorella Vulgaris</em> and <em>Arthrospira</em> platensis are attracting considerable attention for their effective growth on wastewater and their nutritional value and use in biofuel production. <strong>Methodology:</strong> Cultures of <em>C. Vulgaris</em> and <em>A. platensis</em> were subjected to different growth conditions to analyze their growth kinetics and biomass production in their respective synthetic media and Anaerobic Digestor Effluent (ADE). The biomass produced was further analyzed for its protein (Lowry method), carbohydrate (phenol-sulfuric method), and lipid (Bligh and Dyer method) content. <strong>Results:</strong> The results obtained through the growth kinetics study showed that <em>C. Vulgaris</em> and <em>A. platensis</em> display a better growth rate on ADE at higher light intensities as compared to cultures growing on synthetic media. Significantly different levels of protein, carbohydrate, and lipid were also reported. <em>C. Vulgaris</em> grown on ADE had 78.5% protein content compared to 62% achieved in F/2 medium. Similarly, 7.6% of carbohydrate content was achieved in ADE compared to 6% in F/2. Lipid content however was much higher in F/2 (22%) compared to ADE (13%). The culture of <em>A. platensis</em> grown on ADE had 84% protein content compared to 71% achieved in Zarrouk’s medium. Similarly, 11.7% of carbohydrate content was achieved in ADE compared to 16.6% in Zarrouk’s. Lipid content in <em>A. platensis</em> was found to be very low (3%). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The present study builds an understanding of the relationship between different factors contributing to economical microalgae production and macromolecular characterization of the targeted microalgae for analyzing its potential applications and uses. The study further suggests the added advantage of cost-effective production of algal biomass with an added advantage of phycoremediation using ADE as growth media. Link: http://aeirc-edu.com/ojs14/index.php/IJEHSR/article/view/491/616
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Lee, Sangwon, Jiseon Kim, and Kangwoo Cho. "Surveying Metal Catalysts for Electrochemical Direct Oxidation of Small Organic Compounds." Ceramist 26, no. 3 (2023): 359–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31613/ceramist.2023.26.3.01.
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Electrochemical degradation of organic molecules is important in wastewater treatment. In addition, the direct oxidation of small organics can be utilized for electrochemical hydrogen production or fuel cell. This study aimed to provide database for various anode catalysts that can degrade organic molecules such as urea, methanol, ethanol, glucose, ammonia, formic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid in various pH conditions. Pt, Ni, Cu anodes were employed, and the target molecule concentration was 0.3 M. The activity was analyzed by the peak current densities of cyclic voltammetry. The Cu showed activity in the reaction of decomposing glucose and ammonia at pH 14. The Ni was active in ammonia degradation at pH 7, and the Pt was active in oxalic acid oxidation at pH 0. Relevant mechanisms were proposed for these reactions. We suggest Cu-Ni composites for toilet wastewater treatment and Pt for handling anaerobic digestor effluent.
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Sousa, Francine Aparecida, Alessandro Torres Campos, Pedro Ivo Sodré Amaral, Daiane Cecchin, and Alessandro Vieira Veloso. "PRODUÇÃO DE BIOGÁS PROVENIENTE DE CAMAS SOBREPOSTAS DE SUÍNOS." ENERGIA NA AGRICULTURA 32, no. 3 (2017): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.17224/energagric.2017v32n3p229-236.
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Foi avaliada a eficiência do processo de biodigestão anaeróbia e a produção de biogás proveniente de cama sobreposta de suínos em fase de terminação, em biodigestores de bancada. Foram utilizados 12 protótipos de biodigestores laboratoriais de batelada, confeccionados em recipiente plástico e PVC com o volume utilizado de 20 litros. Os tratamentos constituíram-se de dois materiais de cama sobreposta de suínos como substrato, diluídas em água: Tratamento (M+B) - cama de maravalha+bagaço de cana e tratamento (MAR) - cama de maravalha. Para cada tratamento, foi avaliado o potencial poluidor do efluente, por meio de parâmetros físico-químicos (pH, DBOt, DQOt e ST). Foi quantificada a produção de biogás a fim de verificar o potencial energético da cama sobreposta de suínos. Observou-se que, o tratamento (MAR) apresentou maiores valores de redução de ST. A eficiência de remoção de DQOt para a cama (M+B) foi de 66,04%, já para a cama (MAR) obteve-se redução de 30,80%. A produção do biogás proveniente da cama (M+B) foi significativamente superior à cama (MAR). O uso de biodigestores é interessante para promover o pós-tratamento (ou tratamento complementar) do efluente, obtendo-se, ainda, produção de energia na forma de biogás, que pode ser convertida em eletricidade, aumentando a sustentabilidade da granja. As camas sobrepostas de suínos, submetidas à biodigestão anaeróbia, tiveram reduções significativas dos conteúdos dos ST, SVT e DQO. A produção do biogás proveniente da cama sobreposta composta por maravalha+bagaço de cana foi significativamente superior à cama sobreposta composta por maravalha.PALAVRA-CHAVE: biodigestores, biodigestão anaeróbia, carga orgânica, instalações para suínos. PRODUCTION OF BIOGAS ORIGINATED FROM SWINE SUPERIMPOSED BEDSThe objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the anaerobic bio-digestion process and the production of biogas derived from superimposed beds of finishing swine, in tabletop biodigestors. Twelve continuous laboratory bio-digestor prototypes, assembled in plastic and PVC recipients, were used. The treatments constituted of two superimposed bed materials as substrate, diluted in water: Treatment S+B – wood shavings + sugarcane bagasse bed; and treatment SHA – wood shavings bed. For each treatment, the pollutant potential of the effluent was evaluated, by means of physical-chemical parameters (pH, DBOt, DQOt and ST). The production of biogas was quantified in order to verify the energetic potential of the beds. The SHA treatment presented higher ST reduction values. The S+B bed efficiency of DQOt removal was 66.04%, while the SHA bed was of 30.80%. The production of biogas originated from the superimposed bed constituted of sugarcane bagasse + wood shavings was significantly superior to the superimposed bed constituted of wood shavings. With this study, it was possible to conclude that the use of bio-digesters is interesting to promote the post-treatment (or complementary treatment) of the effluent, resulting on bioenergy generation, contributing to the system sustainability. Superimposed pig beds submitted to anaerobic biodigestion had significant reductions in ST, SVT and DQOt contents. The production of biogas from the overlapped bed composed of wood shavings + sugarcane bagasse was significantly superior to the superposed bed composed of wood shavings.KEYWORDS: Modeling bio-digestors, anaerobic bio-digestion, organic charge, facilities for swine
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Sacks, J., C. A. Buckley, E. Senior, and H. Kasan. "An assessment of the feasibility of anaerobic digestion as a treatment method for high strength or toxic organic effluents." Water Science and Technology 39, no. 10-11 (1999): 347–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0680.
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The anaerobic digestion process converts organic materials into a methane-rich biogas. The KwaZulu-Natal region has the potential to attract a significant amount of industry. The objective of this research was to assess the feasibility of using anaerobic digestion as a treatment method for high-strength or toxic organic effluents. A strategy was developed to evaluate the degradability and toxicity of effluents and, ultimately, predict the efficiency of treatment in a full-scale digester. This paper details the strategy and investigates the degradation potential of a textile size effluent (COD ca. 140,000 mg/l). The ultimate degradability of the effluent was determined as well as the concentrations and volumes, which could be treated effectively. The inhibitory components of the size effluent were found to be Plystran (10 mg/l) and the biocide (5 mg/l). Anaerobic digestion was found to be feasible, on a laboratory-scale. These results are being applied for scale-up, to full-scale implementation in an existing anaerobic digester.
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Sasaki, Ken, Tohru Tanaka, Yoshinori Nishizawa, and Mitsunori Hayashi. "Production of a herbicide, 5-aminolevulinic acid, by Rhodobacter sphaeroides using the effluent of swine waste from an anaerobic digestor." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 32, no. 6 (1990): 727–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00164749.
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Gunnarsson, Anita, Börje Lindén, and Ulla Gertsson. "Biodigestion of Plant Material Can Improve Nitrogen Use Efficiency in a Red Beet Crop Sequence." HortScience 46, no. 5 (2011): 765–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.46.5.765.
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Nitrogen (N) tied up in or lost from decomposing biomass decreases the residual N effects of green manure and of other crop residues. During anaerobic degradation in a biogas digestor (biodigestion), N mineralization takes place under conditions in which losses can be kept to a minimum. Therefore, biodigestion of green manure biomass and beet foliage was tested to generate readily available N and compared with a direct green manure fertilization system. The effluent was applied as fertilizer in field experiments on a sandy soil as a tool for improving N supply for an organic farming system. Data from the field experiments were used for simulating the amount of net inorganic N equivalents (inorganic N equivalents from effluent plus inorganic N equivalents from pre-crops) in three crop sequences: A) green manure ley, red beets, winter rye; B) harvested ley, red beets, winter rye; and C) harvested ley, spring barley, red beets in which (B) and (C) represented biogas nutrient management systems and (A) a green manure system. When all available effluent from biogas production from 1 ha of grass–clover ley with two or three harvests (2H-ley or 3H-ley) and one hectare of beet foliage was used as a fertilizer for red beets (Beta vulgaris var. conditiva Alef) after barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), the yield of marketable red beets increased by 5.7 Mg·ha−1 (33%) with effluent from 2H-ley and beet foliage and 9.1 Mg·ha−1 (53%) with effluent from 3H-ley and beet foliage compared with red beets grown without effluent fertilization after a green manure ley. When total dry matter production was taken into account, the advantage for the BG systems with 2H- and 3H-ley was 15% and 28%, respectively. The nitrate concentration in the red beets was not higher with effluent supplied at this level than with green manure as the only N source. The simulated amount of net inorganic N equivalents was 128 kg N for the whole of crop sequence (C) with 1 ha of each crop and where effluent supply to red beets was based on digested biomass in ley and beet tops. The corresponding amount of net inorganic N equivalents for the green manure crop sequence (A), in which no effluent was supplied, was 73 kg N. Unused soil mineral N (0- to 90-cm depth) at red beet harvest indicated that the risk of leaching in BG systems was lower than in GrM systems (88, 76, and 61 kg Nmin/ha left after unmanured beets after Gr-M-ley, low manured beets after 3H-ley and high manured beets after barley, respectively). Effluent fertilization of red beets directly after 2H- and 3H-ley gave unexpectedly low yield responses compared with red beets after barley. The reasons may be the result of nutritional imbalance of other nutrients than N or may be plant pathological in nature. The conclusion is that a nutrient management system with biodigestion can increase net inorganic N equivalents and reduce risk for N leaching, but inappropriate use of the effluent, i.e., at an unsuitable point in the crop rotation, may negate the benefits.
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Nazo Edith, Kpata-Konan, Kouame Francis, and NGBADJO Tanon Virginie. "OPTIMIZATION OF CASSAVA EFFLUENT BIOMETHANIZATION WITH ASH AS COSUBSTRATE." International Journal of Advanced Research 11, no. 09 (2023): 1190–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/17634.
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The main objective of this study is to determine the optimal conditions for anaerobic biodigestion of cassava effluents with the ash of cassava peels as co-substrate. To do this, three (03) digesters were used in which were put effluent + ash for digester 1, effluent + ash + cow dung for digester 2 and effluent + ash + urine for digester 3. The physico-chemical parameters (temperature, pH), biochemical parameters (COD and TKN) and the volume of biogas produced were quantified. In each of the reaction media a decrease in values was observed in pH (digester 1: 7.15 to 6.92 digester 2: 7.20 to 5.38 digester 3: 7.00 to 5.28), COD (digester 1: 1.66g/l to 1.16g/l digester 2: 1.81g/l to 1.44g/l digester 3: 1.46g/l to 0.99g/l) and NTK (digester 1: 0.27 g/l to 0.24 g/l digester 2: 0.29 g/l to 0.22 g/l digester 3: 0.25 g/l 0.16 g/l). ¨For the temperature of the media, the recorded values are in the range of mesophilic fermentation (digester 1: 26.66°C, digester 2: 27.97°C and digester 3: 27°C). Regarding gas production, the digesters produced gas from day 1 with 37.463 m3, 37.463 m3 and 69.272 m3 respectively. A significant improvement in the biogas production rate was observed in all digesters. Thus, the ash could be used as a replacement for human urine for pH adjustment of cassava effluents.
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Abid, Aasima, Huriyah Khan, Tehseen Fatima Zeb, et al. "Macromolecular characterization and growth kinetics of Arthrospira platensis and Chlorella Vulgaris as affected by different media (synthetic and Anaerobic Digestor Effluent) - A comparative study." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDORSING HEALTH SCIENCE RESEARCH (IJEHSR) 8, no. 4 (2020): 188–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.29052/ijehsr.v8.i4.2020.188-201.
Pełny tekst źródłaRozprawy doktorskie na temat "Anaerobic Digestor Effluent"
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Ledesma, Lina Marcela Sánchez. "Produção de estruvita a partir de esgoto doméstico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3147/tde-14082015-144656/.
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A escassez das fontes de fósforo e o alto consumo de energia associado à produção de fertilizantes nitrogenados serão problemas que deverão ser enfrentados no futuro. A recuperação de nutrientes das águas residuárias na forma de estruvita tem sido considerada como uma alternativa para atenuar estes problemas. Na América Latina, a produção de estruvita a partir de esgoto ainda não é uma tecnologia bem conhecida e, portanto, a finalidade deste trabalho é contribuir com uma melhor compreensão dos fenômenos envolvidos. Para isso, a pesquisa foi dividida em três etapas: 1) produção de estruvita a partir de efluente de reator anaeróbio de fluxo ascendente com manto de lodo (RAFA); 2) produção de estruvita a partir de sobrenadante de digestor anaeróbio de lodo de um processo com remoção biológica de fósforo (DALRBF) e 3) influência do cálcio na estruvita produzida na etapa 2. Nas três etapas, ajustaram-se as concentrações de magnésio, a fim de obter razões fósforo:magnésio (P:Mg) pré-estabelecidas, e o pH entre 8,00 e 10,50. Os resultados da primeira etapa mostraram que não foi possível produzir estruvita no efluente do RAFA nas condições testadas. No entanto, foram observadas remoções de fósforo e de nitrogênio, devido à formação de fosfatos de cálcio e de magnésio amorfos. Os resultados da segunda etapa comprovaram a viabilidade de produção de estruvita de sobrenadante de DALRBF e mostraram que os consumos molares dos íons fosfato (PO43-), amônio (NH4+) e magnésio (Mg2+) ou as remoções destes (%) não devem ser os únicos parâmetros para avaliar a formação de estruvita, pois outros compostos cristalizam ou precipitam e reduzem a qualidade do mineral. Para um meio com condições semelhantes às testadas nesta etapa, uma razão P:Mg 1:2 e um pH igual a 9,50 asseguram a máxima recuperação de nutrientes como estruvita com concentração mínima de impurezas, facilitando seu posterior uso como fertilizante. Os resultados da terceira etapa mostraram que uma fase amorfa de fosfato de cálcio ou de magnésio se forma na superfície da estruvita.<br>The shortage of the phosphorus sources and high-energy consumption associated to the nitrogen fertilizers production will be problems in the future. The nutrient recovery from wastewater as struvite has been considered as an alternative to alleviate these problems. In Latin America, production of struvite from wastewater is not yet a wellknown technology and therefore the purpose of this work is to contribute to a better understanding of the phenomena involved. This research work was performed in three phases: 1) production of struvite from upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor effluent; 2) production of struvite from anaerobic digester supernatant of enhanced biological phosphorus removal process (ADS-EBPR) and 3) influence of calcium in the struvite produced in the phase 2. In three phases, the magnesium concentrations were adjusted to obtain the preset phosphorus:magnesium (P:Mg) ratios and the pH was adjusted between 8,00 and 10,50. The results of the first phase showed that it is not possible to produce struvite in the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor effluent in the tested conditions. However, removal of nitrogen and phosphorus was observed because amorphous calcium and magnesium phosphates were produced. The results of the second phase showed that it is possible to produce struvite in the ADS-EBPR and the molar consumptions of phosphate (PO43-), ammonia (NH4+) and magnesium (Mg2+) or removals (%) should not be the only parameters to evaluate the struvite formation, because other compounds crystallize or precipitate and reduce the quality of the mineral. In the similar conditions tested in this phase, a P:Mg ratio 1:2 and pH 9,50 assure maximum nutrients recovery as struvite with minimum impurities concentration, facilitating its subsequent use as fertilizer. The results of the third phase showed that amorphous calcium or magnesium phosphates were produced on the struvite surface.
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Wahal, Shantanu. "Nutrient Utilization from Anaerobic Digester Effluent Through Algae Cultivation." DigitalCommons@USU, 2010. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/671.
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Nutrients present in digested animal waste can be utilized for algae cultivation under suitable conditions. Algal growth, however, depends on the chemical forms and speciation of these nutrients. In this study a chemical equilibrium model was first used to describe nutrient speciation and predict conditions that enhance the solubility of nutrients in anaerobic digester effluent. Dilution with water and separation of large particulates greatly improved nutrient availability and light penetration - conditions favorable for algal cultivation. Algae growth was tested using three strains - Scenedesmus dimorphous (UTEX # 417), Chlorella vulgaris (UTEX# 265), and an algal isolate (designated as LLAI and later identified to be closely related to Chlorella vulgaris) from the wastewater treatment lagoons in Logan, UT. All tested strains could be adapted to the effluent to enhance the utilization of native nutrients present in both organic and inorganic forms. There was a marked improvement in growth rates (up to 4.8-fold) and biomass production (up to 8.7-fold) of algal cultures after they adapted to the effluent. Also, effluent-adapted strains were able to switch from phototrophy to heterotrophy to prolong the growth when light availability became limited. However, an increase in irradiance levels in light-limited cultures led to resumption of phototrophic growth. It was found that this approach of light supplementation prolonged growth and increased biomass production (up to 2.7-fold) in algal cultures. Of all the strains tested, the isolate from the wastewater treating lagoons grew to highest culture densities and produced the highest concentration of intracellular triacylglycerides (TAG). This culture also grew best in non-sterile, native effluent and could reach biomass concentration of up to 4.5g/L with TAG content of approximately 10% (w/w). Culture densities were lower when this organism was grown in sterilized effluent or in sterile artificial media, suggesting that this organism symbiotically associated with other microbes in digested animal waste. Findings of this research study suggest that microalgae can be grown efficiently on inexpensive natural substrates in non-sterile growth conditions. When commercially implemented, biodiesel production from such systems could be more cost effective and sustainable.
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Foster, Louise. "Microalgae culture to treat anaerobic digestion abattoir effluent (ADAE)." Thesis, Foster, Louise (2019) Microalgae culture to treat anaerobic digestion abattoir effluent (ADAE). Masters by Coursework thesis, Murdoch University, 2019. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/51443/.
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Current abattoir wastewater treatment options involving aerobic and anaerobic digestion systems are relatively inefficient in reducing the inorganic nutrient load (i.e. ammonium and phosphate) of the effluent. With anaerobic lagoons favoured in Australia resulting in large land footprint, loss of environmental and economic value in the form of water and nutrient recovery. The cultivation of microalgae on undiluted anaerobic digestion abattoir effluent (ADAE) offers many potential benefits such as the bioremediation of waste nutrients typically found in the effluent and simultaneous production of valuable algal biomass which represents the conversion of waste-to-profit. Microalgal culture on undiluted ADAE require minimal to no freshwater input and does not compete for arable land, it has the potential to play an important remediation role particularly during the final (tertiary) treatment phase. The generated biomass can also be a source of revenue for the targeted abattoir.
To the best of my knowledge, to date, there has been no attempt on testing the growth of algae to treat undiluted ADAE. In this study, the growth, biomass productivity, photo physiology and nutrient removal rates of mono and mixed culture of Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp. were evaluated in unfiltered and undiluted ADAE. Chlorella sp. showed the highest ammonium removal rate of up to 11.93±1.14 mgL-1 d-1 as well as the highest biomass productivity of 31.52±0.81 mgL-1 d-1 when compared to the other treatments. Phosphate removal rates were highest in the Scenedesmus cultures while the mixed cultures varied amongst other parameters measured (COD, Nitrite and Nitrate). Chlorella sp. with a specific growth rate of 0.260±0.047 d-1 and mixed Chlorella sp. within consortium (0.294±0.024 d-1) were the dominant species when compared to Scenedesmus sp. (0.062±0.011 d-1). Overall, Chlorella sp. was identified as the most efficient microalgal species capable of growing on undiluted ADAE with the potential to generate a waste-to-profit system.
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Lloyd, Magaretha Hester. "Anaerobic digestion application in the treatment of gelatin-manufacturing effluent." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51582.
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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2000.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A severely polluted industrial effluent is generated by the local gelatinmanufacturing
industry. Due to increasingly stringent restrictions on discharge
qualities enforced by the National Water Act of 1998 and National
Environmental Management Act of 1998, as well as increasing trade-effluent
charges implemented via the Local Municipal Bylaws, the industry is
compelled to consider a system to pre-treat the polluted effluent.
A study was undertaken to examine the viability of anaerobic treatment
of the gelatin-manufacturing effluent, since the anaerobic digestion technology
is well recognised for the high success rate in the treatment of high-strength,
complex wastewaters. Various laboratory and pilot-scale studies were done,
using different hybrid Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) and contact
designs.
Two mesophilic laboratory-scale hybrid UASB digester designs, fitted
with polyethylene (AD-1) and polyurethane (AD-2), performed well at a
hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 1.0 d. Chemical oxygen demand (COD)
removal efficiencies of up to 90% (avg. 53%) for AD-1 and 83% (avg. 60%) for
AD-2 at organic loading rates (OLR) of 9.56 and 4.62 kg COD.m-3.d-1,
respectively, were obtained. High sulphate (S04) removal efficiencies of up to
96% (avg. 86%) for AD-1 and 98% (avg. 82%) for AD-2 were also achieved,
respectively. A maximum total solid (TS) removal of 65% (avg. 25%) for AD-1
and 62% (avg. 28%) for AD-2 was reported. An average methane content of
80% (AD-1) and 79% (AD-2) with average methane yields per COD removed
of 2.19 and 1.86 m3. kg CODremoved.df-o1r AD-1 and AD-2 were found,
respectively.
When the same digesters (AD-1 and AD-2) were combined in a muItiphase
series configuration, a total COD removal efficiency of up to 97% (avg.
80%) at an OLR of 8.32 kg COD.m-3.d-1,was achieved. Excellent total S04
removals of 96% (avg. 69%) were accomplished. Up to 82% TS (avg. 29%)
was also removed during this study and the biogas consisted of 89% methane
(avg. 79%). For this multi-phase combination up to 92% volatile fatty acids
(VFA) (avg. 48%) were removed, indicating possible selective phase
separation of the respective fatty acid producing/utilising bacterial populations. The use of a laboratory-scale UASB bioreactor with recirculation,
resulted in COD removal efficiencies of up to 96% (avg. 51%) at an HRT of 3.0
d, and 95% (avg. 54%) at a HRT of 1.0 d. Low performances were generally
found, with average S04 and TS removals of 59% (max. 97%) and 26% (max.
67%), respectively at an HRT of 1.0 d. The biogas production was very low
throughout the study (0.05 - 0.63 I,d-1
).
A pilot-scale UASB reactor (300 I) was constructed and performed
satisfactory with a 58% average COD removal and maximum of 96%. S04
and TS removals up to 96% (avg. 44%) and 93% (avg. 63%), respectively,
were obtained. The methane content of the biogas was 85%. The pilot-scale
studies were conducted under actual field conditions, where various shock and
organic loads had to be absorbed by the system.
The pilot-scale contact configuration (300 I) did not perform satisfactory
as a result of continuous blockages experienced in the feed and recirculation
lines. Maximum COD, S04, VFA and TS removal efficiencies of 41% (avg.
27%), 62% (avg. 41%), 64% (avg. 27%) and 39% (avg. 21%), respectively,
were obtained.
The results of all the studies indicated acceptable COD removals with
increasing OLR's. Indications of the presence of active methanogenic and
sulphate-reducing bacterial populations were apparent throughout the studies.
One possibility for the successful start-up and commissioning of the anaerobic
reactors was the use of a well-adjusted biomass, which consisted of highly
selected and adapted microbial consortium for the specific gelatinmanufacturing
effluent.
It was clear from this study that gelatin-manufacturing effluent can be
treated successfully, especially with the use of the UASB design. A welldefined
data base was constructed which could be of great value for further
upscaling to a full-scale digester.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: 'n Hoogs besoedelde industriele uitvloeisel word gegenereer deur die plaaslike
gelatien-vervaardigings industrie. As gevolg van toenemende streng
beperkings op die kwaliteit van uitvloeisels wat bepaal word deur die Nasionale
Water Wet van 1998 en Nasionale Omgewings Bestuurs Wet van 1998, asook
toenemende munisipale heffings wat geimplementeer word via Plaaslike
Munisipale Wette, word die industrie verplig om die uitvloeisel vooraf te
behandel.
'n Studie is onderneem om die lewensvatbaarheid van anaërobe
behandeling van gelatien-vervaardigings uitvloeisel te ondersoek, aangesien
anaërobe verterings tegnologie alombekend is vir die goeie sukses behaal in
die behandeling van hoë-sterkte, komplekse uitvloeisels. Verskeie
laboratorium- en loods-skaal studies is gedoen, met verskillende hibried
Opvloei Anaërobe Slykkombers (OAS) en kontak ontwerpe.
Goeie werksverrigting was verkry by 'n hidroliese retensie tyd (HRT) van
1.0 d met twee mesofiliese laboratorium-skaal hibried OAS verteerder
ontwerpe wat uitgevoer was met poli-etileen (AD-1) en poli-uretaan (AD-2)
materiaal. Chemiese suurstof behoefte (CSB) verwyderings van so hoog as
90% (gem. 53%) vir AD-1 en 83% (gem. 60%) vir AD-2 by organiese
ladingstempo's (OLT) van 9.56 en 4.62 kg CSB.m-3.d-1,was onderskeidelik
verkry. Hoë sulfaat (S04) verwyderings van tot 96% (gem. 86%) vir AD-1 en
98% (gem. 82%) vir AD-2 was ook onderskeidelik verkry. 'n Maksimum totale
vaste stof (TVS) verwydering van 65% (gem. 25%) vir AD-1 en 62% (gem.
28%) vir AD-2 is gerapporteer. 'n Gemiddelde metaan inhoud van 80% (AD-1)
en 79% (AD-2) met 'n gemiddelde metaan opbrengs per CSB verwyder van
2.19 en 1.86 m3.kg CSBverwyder.dv-i1r AD-1 en AD-2, was onderskeidelik
gevind.
Met die aanwending van dieselfde twee verteerders (AD-1 en AD-2) in
'n series gekoppelde multi-fase konfigurasie, is 'n totale CSB verwydering so
hoog as 97% (gem. 80%) verkry by 'n OLT van 8.32 kg CSB.m-3.d-1.
Uitstekende totale S04 verwydering van 96% (gem. 69%) is behaal. Tot 82%
TVS (gem. 29%) was vewyder gedurende die studie en die biogas het uit 89%
metaan (gem. 79%) bestaan. Vir die multi-fase kombinasie is 'n maksimum van 92% vlugtige vetsure (WS) (gem. 48%) verwyder, wat dui op die
moontlike skeiding van selektiewe fases van die onderskeie vetsuur
produserende/verbruiker bakteriële populasies.
CSB verwydering van tot 96% (gem. 51%) by 'n HRT van 3.0 d en 95%
(gem. 54%) met 'n HRT van 1.0 d was verkry, tydens die gebruik van In
laboratorium-skaal OAS bioreaktor met hersirkulasie. Lae werksverrigting was
oor die algemeen waargeneem, met gemiddelde S04 en TVS verwyderings
van 59% (maks. 97%) en 26% (maks. 67%) by In HRT van 1.0 d. Die biogas
produksie was baie laag gedurende die studie (0.05 - 0.63 I,d-\
In Loods-skaal OAS verteerder was opgerig en bevredigende resultate
was verkry met In gemiddeld van 58% CSB verwydering en maksimum van
96%. S04 en TVS verwyderings so hoog as 96% (gem. 44%) en 93% (gem.
63%) is onderskeidelik verkry. Die metaan inhoud van die biogas was 85%.
Die loods-skaal studie was uitgevoer gedurende ware veld kondisies,
waartydens verskeie skok en organiese ladings deur die sisteem geabsorbeer
is.
Die loods-skaal kontak konfigurasie (300 I) het nie bevredigende
resultate getoon nie, as gevolg van voortdurende blokkasies wat ondervind is
in die toevoer en hersirkulasie pype. Maksimum CSB, S04, WS en TVS
verwyderings van 41% (gem. 27%), 62% (gem. 41%), 64% (gem. 27%) en
39% (gem. 21%) was onderskeidelik verkry.
Die resultate van al die studies het aanvaarbare CSB verwydering
aangedui by toenemende OLT's. Indikasies van aktiewe metanogene en
sulfaat-reduserende bakteriële populasies was ook teenwoordig gedurende die
studies. Die suksesvolle aansit-prosedure en begin van die anaërobe
verteerders kan toegeskryf word aan die gebruik van In goed aangepaste
biomassa, wat uit hoogs selektiewe en aangepaste mikrobiese populasies vir
die spesifieke uitvloeisel bestaan.
Hierdie studie het getoon dat gelatien-vervaardigings uitvloeisel
suksesvol met die OAS ontwerp behandel kan word. In Goed gedefinieerde
data basis kan voorsien word, wat van groot waarde sal wees vir verdere
opgradering na In volskaalse verteerder.
5
Fell, Christopher John. "Monitoring and control of anaerobic digesters treating industrial effluents." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1999. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/32621.
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Increasing charges by the private utilities for the treatment of industrial waste water are making on-site effluent treatment more attractive. On-site anaerobic digestion is increasingly being used by food processing factories as a cost effective solution to waste liquid waste disposal. Discharge of treated effluent to sewer or water course requires compliance to a maximum admissible concentration (MAC) value, therefore, there is a need for careful control of on-site waste water treatment. This research investigates the treatment of effluent from instant coffee production. This results in a liquid waste that contains recalcitrant and toxic compounds formed during the roasting process. This waste varies in strength and composition according to the different processes that are performed in the manufacture of instant coffee. Anaerobic filters are particularly attractive for wastes containing recalcitrant or inhibitory compounds requiring a long sludge age. Therefore, this study was aimed at firstly investigating the treatability of coffee waste, using anaerobic filters; and secondly monitoring and control of the digestion process in order to maintain a constant effluent quality.
6
Voegel, Célestine. "Impact BIochimique des effluents agricoles et agroindustriels sur les structures/ouvrages en BEtOn dans la filière de valorisation par Méthanisation (ou codigestion anaérobie)." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017INPT0044/document.
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La digestion anaérobie est une succession d’étapes de dégradation de la matière organique, par l’intermédiaire de microorganismes, opérée industriellement dans des digesteurs en béton. Des métabolites microbiens (acides gras volatils (AGV), NH4+, CO2) produits au cours du processus de digestion attaquent la matrice cimentaire du béton. Afin d’assurer un développement pérenne de la filière de méthanisation, il est donc nécessaire de comprendre d’abord tous ces phénomènes d’altération pour ensuite proposer des solutions durables pour les matériaux de construction des digesteurs. Les objectifs de la thèse visaient à identifier et quantifier les agents agressifs pour le béton présents dans les milieux de la méthanisation, puis à comprendre leurs rôles dans les mécanismes d’altération des matrices cimentaires. Enfin, l’action de ces milieux a pu être comparée sur un panel de matériaux cimentaires réalisées à partir de différents liants : ciment Portland ordinaire, ciment de haut-fourneau, ciment d’aluminate de calcium et liant alcali activé. Dans des digesteurs de laboratoire, les concentrations maximales des agents chimiques agressifs mesurées pendant la digestion anaérobie d’un biodéchet modèle étaient de 3000 mg.L-1 d’AGV, de 800 mg.L-1 de NH4+, et de 140 mg.L-1 de CO2 dissous. La prolifération de microorganismes capables de métaboliser ces composés chimiques agressifs a été observée à la surface des matériaux cimentaires exposés dans le biodéchet au cours de sa digestion. La zone dégradée des matériaux cimentaires exposés est partiellement décalcifiée, vraisemblablement du fait de l’action des AGV et de l’ammonium NH4+, et carbonatée en raison de la présence de CO2 dissous. Des essais in situ, c’est à dire en conditions réelles, réalisées sur une plateforme expérimentale de méthanisation, ont permis de confirmer les phénomènes d’altération observés en laboratoire. En termes de durabilité, le ciment alumineux présente la meilleure résistance face aux attaques biochimiques lorsqu’on le compare au ciment ordinaire ou aux ciments composés de laitier de haut-fourneau au sein de systèmes de méthanisation en laboratoire ou in situ<br>Anaerobic digestion consists in the degradation of organic matter by the successive actions of microorganisms, industrially operated in digesters made of concrete. Microbial metabolites (volatile fatty acids (VFA), NH4+, CO2) produced during this process attack the cementitious matrix of the concrete. To ensure the development of this new industrial field, it appears essential to understand first the alteration phenomena, then to propose durable solutions for digesters’ construction materials. The thesis’ objectives were first to identify and to quantify the aggressive agents for concrete in anaerobic digestion media, then to understand their impacts on the cementitious materials’ alteration mechanisms. Finally, the impacts of those media were compared on different cement pastes made of : ordinary Portland cement, blast furnace slag cement, calcium aluminate cement or alkali activated materials. During laboratory tests, the maximal concentration in aggressive agents measured during the digestion of a synthetic biowaste were 3 000 mg.L-1 of VFA, 800 mg.L-1 of NH4+, and 140 mg.L-1 of dissolved CO2. The colonization of the microorganisms able to produce the aggressive agents has been observed on the cementitious materials’ surfaces exposed to the biowaste during digestion. The external degraded layers of the exposed cementitious materials are partially decalcified, most likely regarding to the action of the VFA and the NH4+. Carbonation has also been detected caused by the dissolved CO2. In situ experiments, in real conditions, achieved in an experimental anaerobic digestion platform, confirmed the alteration phenomena distinguished in the laboratory tests. In terms of durability, calcium aluminate cement present the best performances against the biochemical attacks compared to ordinary cement or blast furnace slag cement in laboratory or in situ anaerobic digestion systems
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Fallon, Dillon. "Co-Digestion of Cattle Manure and Cheese Whey for Biogas Production and Characterization of Biomass Effluent." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7308.
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The Western Dairy Center at Utah State University had recognized through traiing of cheesemaking that a challenge that can exist for farmstead and artisan cheese manufacturing operations is disposal or utilization of the whey that is produced when milk is converted into cheese. Land application of whey is limited and can cause odor problems which would be detrimental to a cheesemaking operation located at the rual-urban interface.
The project provided information in support of a research grant from the Western Sustainable Agribulture Research and Education program that was investigating economics and feasiblity of using anaerobic digestion for treatment of whey and cow manure mixtures. We performed initial trials to determine the level of whey that could be mixed with manure and have satisfactory operation of the digester to produce methane and a biomass. A continuous digester was used to produce biomass material for microbiological and physical testing for its suitability for use as a renewable potting mix or soil conditioner.
The benefits from this research are that we have shown how a value-added product can be made by converting whey and manure into a deodorized biomass that could replace the use of peat moss, which is a non-renewable resource. This can improve the economics of using a bioreactor for whey disposal.
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Fernandes, Aline [UNESP]. "Água residuária de laticínio em co-digestão com dejetos de bovinos leiteiros." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/143781.
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Previous issue date: 2016-07-06<br>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)<br>A pecuária leiteira bem como a industrialização do leite produzem resíduos que podem impactar o meio se lançados de forma imprópria. Sendo assim, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da co-digestão de água residuária de laticínio com dejetos bovinos em biodigestores do tipo batelada e contínuo sobre a produção de biogás e biofertilizante. O experimento foi dividido em duas fases. A primeira fase desenvolvida com biodigestores batelada e a segunda subdividida em dois períodos com biodigestores contínuos. Avaliou-se o efeito da inclusão de água residuária de laticínio (ARL) na primeira etapa: 0% de ARL, 50% de ARL, 77,5% de ARL, 100% de ARL e tratamento ARL. Para segunda fase no primeiro período tratamento com 0% de ARL e 50% de ARL. E no segundo período com tratamentos de 0% ARL e 63,5% ARL. Para análise dos dados considerou-se um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, utilizando-se o programa SAS® com nível de significância de 5%. Para a primeira fase, observou–se que o tratamento ARL foi o que apresentou menor produção de biogás (0,00753 m3) em relação aos demais. Para os potenciais de produção o tratamento com 50% de ARL apresentou as menores médias. Nos dois períodos da segunda fase, ou seja, com biodigestores contínuos, os resultados demonstram que os tratamentos contendo água residuária foram eficientes sem diferença de produção de biogás entre os tratamentos. O aproveitamento da água residuária para compor substrato em co-digestão com dejetos bovinos leiteiros apresentou condições favoráveis de produção e qualidade de biogás e biofertilizante.<br>The dairy farming and industrialization of milk produce waste that may impact the environment if disposed improperly. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of co-digestion of dairy production wastewater with cattle manure in biodigesters in the batch and continuous type on the production of biogas and biofertilizers. The experiment was divided into two phases. The first phase developed with batch digesters and second divided in two periods with continuous digesters. We evaluated the effect of the inclusion of dairy wastewater (DW) in the first stage: 0% of DW, 50% of DW, 77,5% of DW, 100% of DW and DW treatment. For the second phase the first treatment period with 0% and 50% DW. And in the second period with treatments of 0% and 63.5% DW. Data analysis was considered a completely randomized design, using the SAS® program with 5% significance level. For the first phase, it was observed that the DW treatment showed the lower production of biogas (0.00753 m3) compared to the others treatments. For the production potential treatment with 50% of DW had the lowest means. In the second phase in both periods, with continuous digesters, the results show that the treatments containing wastewater were effective and there is no difference in biogas production between the treatments. The use of wastewater to form substrate co-digestion of dairy cattle manure showed favorable production conditions and quality of biogas and biofertilizers.
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Sekar, Samantha. "The Effects of Biochar and Anaerobic Digester Effluent on Soil Quality and Crop Growth in Karnataka, India." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1343750717.
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Rodriguez-Chiang, Lourdes. "Enhancement of methane production from the anaerobic digestion of chemical pulp and paper mill effluents." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669251.
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Sustainability of resources such as energy, water and waste have become important drivers in our current economy. For large industries that are water and energy intensive like pulp and paper (P&P) mills, this is a specifically relevant issue. The large and heterogenous volumes of effluents in P&P mills make it a difficult task to properly treat before discharge. Anaerobic digestion is an efficient wastewater technology that cleans the effluent, reduces wasted sludge and simultaneously produces methane that can be further used as energy. The research work described in this thesis aims to enhance the methane production from the anaerobic digestion of different chemical P&P mill effluents. Through effluent characterization, variability of process parameters, promoting agents and the assessment of biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests, the benefits of three potential methods to enhance methane yields of wastewaters were evaluated. In addition, the conversion of chemical pulp fibers directly to methane was explored. The attained results described the different improvements that can be made to enhance methane production.
Easily degradable effluents such as hydrolyzed filtrates and evaporator condensates contain high concentrations of sugars and acetic acid respectively, which could encourage an oversaturation of acids during acidogenesis. An inoculum to substrate ratio (ISR) of 2 proved to be the optimal in order to add the required buffering capacity to neutralize the pH and produce significantly high methane yields of up to 333 mLCH4/gVS. The high productivity of these effluents can be then considered for co-digestion with harder to treat effluents such as lignin-rich streams. Lignin clearly hinders methane production indicated by the negative linear correlation found between lignin content and methane yield. The co-digestion of lignin-rich effluent with evaporator condensates from neutral sulfite semi-chemical (NSSC) pulping proved to enhance the overall methane productivity of the mill´s wastewater treatment. Furthermore, the assessment of hydrotalcites (HT) addition indicated a contribution towards an increase in methane yield, faster production rates and a greater lignin removal. The poor performance of calcined HT suggests that the advantages of HT addition came from the layered sheet structure. Finally, besides establishing the methane potential in various P&P effluents, the examination of methane productivity of different pulp fibers and its products proved to be a promising new energy alternative to explore. Brown, oxygen delignified and bleached pulp gathered biodegradabilities of up to 90% and methane yields as high as 380 mLCH4/gVS. With the current changing bio-economy this last approach paves the way in exploring alternative and novel uses for chemical pulp mill products.<br>La sostenibilidad en la gestión de recursos como la energía, el agua y los residuos se ha convertido en un aspecto clave en nuestra economía actual. Para grandes industrias que consumen mucha agua y energía, como la industria de pulpa y papel (P&P) este es un tema especialmente relevante. Los grandes y heterogéneos volúmenes de efluentes que producen las fábricas de P&P hacen que su adecuado tratamiento sea una tarea difícil. La digestión anaerobia es una tecnología eficiente para el tratamiento de aguas residuales; que limpia el efluente, reduce el lodo producido y simultáneamente produce metano que puede usarse como fuente de energía. El objetivo del trabajo de investigación descrito en esta tesis es aumentar la producción de metano a partir de la digestión anaerobia de diferentes efluentes producidos en fábricas de pulpa. A través de la caracterización del efluente, determinación de parámetros del proceso, agentes promotores y la evaluación de pruebas de producción de metano bioquímico se evaluaron los beneficios de tres métodos potenciales para mejorar los rendimientos de metano de los efluentes. Asimismo, se exploró la conversión directa de fibras de pulpa química a metano. Los efluentes fácilmente degradables, como los filtrados hidrolizados y los condensados del evaporador, contienen altas concentraciones de azúcares y ácido acético, respectivamente, lo que podría provocar una sobresaturación de ácidos durante la acidogénesis. Se ha demostrado que una relación de inóculo a sustrato de 2 resulta óptima para aumentar la capacidad tampón del sistema y neutralizar el pH y producir rendimientos de metano significativamente altos, de hasta 333 mLCH4/gVS. La alta productividad de estos efluentes hace que se puedan considerar para la co-digestión con efluentes más difíciles de tratar, como las aguas ricas en lignina. Claramente la lignina obstaculiza la producción de metano, tal y como indica la correlación lineal negativa encontrada entre el contenido de lignina y el rendimiento de metano. La co-digestión del efluente rico en lignina con el condensado de evaporadores de pulpa semi-química de sulfito ha demostrado mejorar la productividad de metano en el tratamiento de aguas residuales de la planta. Además, la adición de hidrotalcitas (HT) como catatlizadores contribuye hacia un aumento en la producción de metano, tasas de producción más rápidas y una mayor eliminación de lignina. Con HT calcinadas se han obtenido rendimientos bajos, lo que sugiere que las ventajas de la adición de HT provienen de su estructura laminar. Finalmente, además de establecer el potencial de metano que existen en los efluentes de P&P, la evaluación de la productividad de metano de diferentes fibras de pulpa y sus productos ha demostrado ser una nueva alternativa energética para explorar. El uso de pulpa blanqueada, sin blanquear y deslignificada con oxígeno muestran biodegradabilidades de hasta 90% y rendimientos de metano de hasta 380 mLCH4/gVS. Con la cambiante bioeconomía actual, este último enfoque estimula la exploración de usos alternativos y novedosos para productos de plantas de pulpa química.
Książki na temat "Anaerobic Digestor Effluent"
1
Horan, Nigel, Abu Zahrim Yaser, and Newati Wid. Anaerobic Digestion Processes: Applications and Effluent Treatment. Springer, 2018.
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Anaerobic Digestion Processes: Applications and Effluent Treatment. Springer, 2018.
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Fell, Chris John. Monitoring and control of anaerobic digesters treating industrial effluents. 1999.
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Industrial wastewater and effluent treatment: A review of anaerobic digestion technology. Department of Trade and Industry, 2001.
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Industrial Scale Treatment of Chemical Effluents by the SGN Fixed Film Anaerobic Digestion Process: Energy: Energy [series]. European Communities / Union (EUR-OP/OOPEC/OPOCE), 1995.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Anaerobic Digestor Effluent"
1
Zahrim, A. Y. "Current Progress on Removal of Recalcitrance Coloured Particles from Anaerobically Treated Effluent Using Coagulation–Flocculation." In Anaerobic Digestion Processes. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8129-3_9.
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Poh, Phaik Eong, Ta Yeong Wu, Weng Hoong Lam, Wai Ching Poon, and Chean Shen Lim. "High-Rate Anaerobic Digestion of POME for Stable Effluent and Biogas Production." In Waste Management in the Palm Oil Industry. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39550-6_4.
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Xu, Hui, Yanbiao Liu, Bo Yang, Ruihong Wei, Fang Li, and Sand Wolfgang. "Role of Interspecies Electron Transfer for Boosting Methane Production by Anaerobic Digestion in Syntrophic Methanogenesis." In Combined Application of Physico-Chemical & Microbiological Processes for Industrial Effluent Treatment Plant. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0497-6_5.
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Khan, Muhammad Adil Nawaz, Sayed Muhammad Ata Ullah Shah Bukhari, Samiullah Khan, Safia Ahmed, Naeem Ali, and Malik Badshah. "Microbial Electrochemical Systems-Anaerobic Digestion-A Hybrid System for Industrial Effluent Treatment and Energy Recovery." In Bioelectrochemical Oxidation Processes for Wastewater Treatment. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003368472-2.
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Venkatesh Babu, S., and M. Rajasimman. "Performance Analysis of Anaerobic Digestion of Textile Dyeing Industry Effluent in a Modified Sequential Batch Reactor." In Biochemical and Environmental Bioprocessing. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429198045-3.
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Rosas-Mendoza, Erik Samuel, Joahnn Hernando Palacios-Ríos, Juan Manuel Méndez-Contreras, Norma Alejandra Vallejo-Cantú, and Alejandro Alvarado-Lassman. "Designing a Supply Chain for the Generation of Bioenergy from the Anaerobic Digestion of Citrus Effluents." In Intelligent Systems Reference Library. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26488-8_10.
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Wong, Lai Peng, Mohammed J. K. Bashir, Xinxin Guo, Pei Ling Soo, and Shavan Li Lin Lee. "Kinetic and Economical Evaluation of the Ultrasonicated and Un-ultrasonicated Anaerobic Digestion Plants Fed with Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME)." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-0948-9_19.
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Milia, S., G. Tocco, G. Erby, G. De Gioannis, and A. Carucci. "Preliminary Evaluation of Sharon-Anammox Process Feasibility to Treat Ammonium-Rich Effluents Produced by Double-Stage Anaerobic Digestion of Food Waste." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58421-8_84.
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Haandel, A. V., S. L. Santos, T. Allegue, and J. M. Garrido. "Post-treatment of anaerobically digested sewage for nutrient removal." In Anaerobic Treatment of Domestic Wastewater. IWA Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/9781789063479_0127.
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Abstract Although modern anaerobic sewage treatment systems and in particular the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB) have demonstrated remarkable performance in tropical and subtropical regions, the effluent quality is generally not compatible with discharge standards in many countries, so post-treatment becomes necessary. In practice, the most widely applied post-treatment options are polishing ponds (PPs) and other aerobic treatment bioreactors. PPs are treatment units treating anaerobically pre-treated wastewater, which distinguishes them from conventional waste treatment ponds, wherein normally raw wastewater is treated. Anaerobic pre-treatment has a very profound influence on the configuration and operation of PPs, as will be shown in this chapter. Other aerobic post-treatments can be realized with conventional activated sludge systems, or more complex technological solutions including membrane bioreactors (MBRs) or trickling filters. The anaerobic–aerobic treatment has important advantages compared to the purely aerobic treatment: the volume and sludge production is much smaller, there is a possibility that the anaerobic–aerobic system operates with energetic self-sufficiency and the concentration of excess sludge is much higher facilitating its processing. An important problem of anaerobic–aerobic treatment is the difficulty of producing a final effluent with low nutrient concentration. Anaerobic sewage treatment reduces the content of biodegradable organic matter in the effluent, limiting in practice the removal of phosphorus to the use of chemical precipitation systems. For the case of nitrogen, the alternatives only go through new processes, which complement the poor capacity of conventional denitrification due to the limited concentration of biodegradable organic matter. This limits in practice, the nitrogen elimination capacity of activated sludge systems or trickling filters treating effluents from UASB reactors. A notable breakthrough could occur if reliable partial nitrification anammox processes for the water line were developed, as these are still under development, or systems in which the dissolved methane present in the anaerobic effluents was used to denitrify, as it has already been observed in some MBRs.
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d’Espiney, Ana, Isabel Paula Marques, and Helena Maria Pinheiro. "Case Study: Pathways from Forest to Energy in a Circular Economy at Lafões." In Forest Biomass - From Trees to Energy. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93070.
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The present case study deals with new pathways in demand for forest residues disposal in the Lafões region (Portugal), since this biomass is presently regarded as a residue and eliminated through open air burning. Different biomass-to-energy conversion systems have a high sustainability value and, thus, the energy potential of the biomass supplied by the forest of Lafões was assessed, using GIS-based methods and assumptions from the literature. The Lafões region produces large amounts of chicken manure from which energy can be recovered through anaerobic digestion. The energy potential held by the effluent of the several classes of the poultry industry of Lafões was assessed, using IPCC 2006 guidelines to estimate their biomass and methane production potential. Furthermore, integrated solutions were pursued. The present challenge is to explore complementarities between effluents for anaerobic digestion to achieve improved energy and waste management system performances. The complementarity between the residues from maritime pine forest management and from broiler production was assessed through bench-scale anaerobic co-digestion assays, leading to increased methane production when compared to those achieved with single substrate anaerobic digestion. This result highlights the interest of further research concerning complementarities between other effluents in the Lafões region.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Anaerobic Digestor Effluent"
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Zemke, Peter E., Byard D. Wood, and Christopher R. Rohleder. "Effect of Solids Removal From Dairy Manure Feedstock on Biogas Production in Anaerobic Digesters." In ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2010-90235.
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Many modern anaerobic digesters in developed countries consist of a digestion process in which solids are reduced to biogas, followed by mechanical separation that removes the majority of the remaining solids from the effluent. Experience has shown that such systems are often plagued with plugging due to excessive solids in the digester influent. Moreover, the mechanical separation equipment is prematurely degraded due to the elevated temperatures and corrosive compounds in the digester effluent. Reversing the order of separation and digestion offers a proven method of eliminating these problems, but at the expense of lower biogas production. The work presented in this paper quantifies this difference in biogas production by comparing the biogas yields of dairy wastewater feedstocks with and without prior mechanical solids separation through a 0.75-mm screen. Laboratory-scale batch digesters were operated up to 40 days at 35–40 °C and monitored for mass of volatile solids consumed and biogas production. Although the initially separated influent contained only half as much volatile solids, the ultimate biogas yield was only 25% less than that obtained with non-separated influent, demonstrating some tradeoff between higher energy production and system reliability.
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"Comparison of digestate from solid anaerobic digesters and effluent from liquid anaerobic digesters as inocula for solid state anaerobic digestion of yard trimming." In 2015 ASABE International Meeting. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.20152190124.
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Chin, S. K., D. T. Tan, H. M. Tan, and P. E. Poh. "Preservation of mesophilic mixed culture for anaerobic palm oil mill effluent treatment by convective drying methods." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7295.
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While anaerobic digestion is a reliable method that treats the waste and produces renewable biomethane fuel, the necessary sludge in liquid form is difficult to handle due to the constant biogas generation. Therefore, this study investigates the possibility of convective air drying, namely heat pump and hot air circulation oven as preservation methods for anaerobic microbial sludge. Drying was conducted at various temperatures, ranging from 22℃ to 70℃. The study found that heat pump drying at 22℃ resulted in highest COD removal of 55.3% as well as the least log reduction in methanogens and anaerobes at 1.4 and 2.4, respectively.Keywords: Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD); Heat pump drying; Hot air drying; Log reduction; Methane yield
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El Achkar, Jean H., Abrar Ben Husain, Nadeen Alotaibi, et al. "Could Petroleum Sludge be Used to Produce Biomethane as a Renewable Energy Source?" In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210953-ms.
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Abstract During the exploration, production, and refining of crude oil, as well as the effluent treatment facilities of refineries, the petroleum sector produces a substantial quantity of sludge. This review offers in-depth insights into the methods used to treat and dispose of petroleum sludge today. It also explores the possibility of valorizing such waste while converting it to a sustainable energy source using anaerobic digestion technology. Aside from health concerns, the random disposal of untreated petroleum sludge causes land pollution, water pollution, and ecosystem devastation. Consequently, the adequate treatment and disposal of this sludge provide a substantial challenge to the oil and gas sector, which has become a worldwide concern. Various methods used, such as incineration, oxidation, ultrasounds, stabilization, and landfarming will be presented. On another note, this review imparts a new insight into the possibility of generating biomethane from petroleum sludge. It also investigates its anaerobic co-digestion with food waste and other byproducts, promoting the transition toward a circular bioeconomy. Most conventional sludge treatment methods are unstainable and insufficient to deal with a large amount of generated sludge. Ultrasonic treatment, solvent extraction, and incineration are all expensive processes. Moreover, incineration contributes to air pollution, whereas landfarming and degradation are inefficient and contribute to heavy metals leaching. Considering those disadvantages, creating a greener and more cost-effective approach to securely disposing of these hazardous materials is vital. The bacterial degradation of any substrate without oxygen is known as anaerobic digestion (AD). It is one of the highly efficient systems for recovering bioenergy from small to large sizes. Sludge treatment in anaerobic digesters yields biomethane, a substitute for natural gas, recovered while microorganisms reduce the organic matter in the sludges. However, the sludges have poor anaerobic degradability, and the presence of heavy metals might interfere with anaerobic microorganisms' ability to function. Suitable pretreatment of sludge and its co-digestion with organic wastes such as food waste can be an option to solve the above problems, tackling at the same time the food waste management issues alongside petroleum sludge management.
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Uchimura, Koki, Yuki Sago, Hirotsugu Kamahara, Yoichi Atsuta, and Hiroyuki Daimon. "Treatment of anaerobic digestion effluent of sewage sludge using soilless cultivation." In THE IRAGO CONFERENCE 2013. AIP Publishing LLC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4866619.
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Xiaohui Lei, Wei Bai, Guoqiang Liu, Chuanping Feng, and Takaaki Maekawa. "Nitrogen removal of pretreated anaerobic digestion effluent in a soil column." In International Symposium on Air Quality and Waste Management for Agriculture, 16-19 September 2007, Broomfield, Colorado. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.23807.
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"Comparison of solid-state anaerobic digestion to composting of yard trimmings with effluent from liquid anaerobic digestion: effect of total solids content and feedstock to effluent ratio." In 2014 ASABE Annual International Meeting. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.20141897526.
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Halim, Lenny, Melly Mellyanawaty, Rochim Bakti Cahyono, Hanifrahmawan Sudibyo, and Wiratni Budhijanto. "Anaerobic digestion of palm oil mill effluent with lampung natural zeolite as microbe immobilization medium and digested cow manure as starter." In INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLICATION OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2016 (ISFAChE 2016): Proceedings of the 3rd International Seminar on Fundamental and Application of Chemical Engineering 2016. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4982333.
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Aziz, Nur Izzah Hamna A., and Marlia M. Hanafiah. "Anaerobic digestion of palm oil mill effluent (POME) using bio-methane potential (BMP) test." In THE 2017 UKM FST POSTGRADUATE COLLOQUIUM: Proceedings of the University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Science and Technology 2017 Postgraduate Colloquium. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5027941.
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Tan, H. M., J. C. S. Lew, D. Gouwanda, and P. E. Poh. "Fuzzy logic modelling for thermophilic anaerobic digestion of palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment." In 2017 4th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Applications (ICIEA). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iea.2017.7939219.
Pełny tekst źródłaRaporty organizacyjne na temat "Anaerobic Digestor Effluent"
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Walker, S., A. Gross, D. Jassby, and W. Tester. Energy, nutrient and water recovery from dairy waste. United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2020.8134167.bard.
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The overall goal of this project was to investigate an innovative integrated approach to extracting energy, clean water, and valuable nutrients efficiently from the estimated 180-190 million cubic meters of effluent left behind after anaerobic digestion (AD) of dairy manure and related food wastes. In addition to producing new value streams, this process can reduce or eliminate the need for application of anaerobic digestate on land, which can pollute air and water.