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Oliva-Hernández, Bessie Evelyn, Francis Mariel Santos-Ruiz, Manuel Alejandro Muñoz-Wug i Juan Francisco Pérez-Sabino. "Microplastics in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) from Lake Amatitlán". Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 16, nr 5 (6.10.2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2754.
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Microplastics are plastic particles smaller than 5 mm found in the environment, which can cause health problems for aquatic organisms and humans, being classified as emerging pollutants. In Guatemala, Lake Amatitlán is one of the most polluted lakes as it receives discharges of wastewater, treated and untreated, as well as other waste from Guatemala City and other major urban populations. In a recent study, microplastics were found in sediments in Lake Amatitlán, so it was necessary to determine whether the lake's fish are affected by these pollutants, which can be harmful to their health. This research aimed to determine the microplastics in fish from Lake Amatitlán, for which 65 specimens of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were collected in October and December 2020, and January 2021. The collected fish were dissected in the laboratory, where the number and type of microplastics were analyzed in the digestive tract, after their separation by digestion and filtration. Lines or fibers were the most common type of microplastics, found in 63 specimens (96.9% of the analyzed specimens), ranging from 0 to 27 lines/fibers per individual. The frequency of other types of microplastics found were 0-3 fragments/individual, 0-2 films/individual, and 0-4 foams/individual, while microspheres were not found in any specimen. The presence of microplastics in tilapia from Lake Amatitlán is an indicator of contamination in the lake by pollutants that could affect the trophic network and represents a risk for the fish consumers, requiring the attention of environmental and health authorities.
Keywords: emerging pollutants, Guatemala, pollution.
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Mattiuzzi, Gloria, Hagop Kantarjian, Jennifer Ho, Guillermo Garcia-Manero i Jorge Cortes. "Antifungal Prophylaxis (AFP) for Patients (Pts) with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) and High-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome (HR-MDS) Undergoing Intensive Chemotherapy: An Experience with 730 Pts." Blood 114, nr 22 (20.11.2009): 3102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.3102.3102.
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Abstract Abstract 3102 Poster Board III-39 Despite the advances in the development of antifungal agents, invasive fungal infections (IFI) remain a significant threat to patients with hematologic malignancies. The importance of early intervention for patients at high-risk for IFI has been widely discussed in several publications; however, the question of whether an early intervention such as prophylaxis is better than empiric or pre-emptive treatment still remains unanswered. Antifungal prophylaxis continues to be routinely used at MDACC for AML and HR-MDS patients. An ideal AFP regimen should be effective, safe, and uncomplicated for the patients. In the search of this ideal regimen, we have explored several options, including different type of drugs and various delivery schedules. Hereby, we report our experience since September 1997 to August 2009 with 730 AML and HR-MDS patients who received AFP for intensive chemotherapy. Proven IFI were defined as per the EORTC criteria. The following regimens were studied: Amphotericin B Lipid Complex (ABLC): 2.5 mg/kg IV three times/week; Liposomal Amphotericin B (AMBI 3TIW): 3 mg/kg IV three times/week; Fluconazole 400 mg (tab) /d + Itraconazole:200 mg (caps) /d (F + I); IV Itraconazole (IV ITRA):200 mg BID X 2 d, then 200 mg IV/d; Caspofungin (CASPO):50 mg IV /d; Voriconazole (IV VORI):400 mg IV BID x 2 d, then 300 mg IV BID; Liposomal Amphotericin B (AMBI 9/W): 9 mg/kg IV once per week; and Voriconazole (PO VORI ): 400 mg BID PO x 1 day, followed by 200 mg PO BID. Patients received ABLC, IV ITRA, F+I, AMBI 3TIW and CASPO since day 1 of IC until IC response was assessed. Pt on IV VORI, AMBI 3TIW and PO VORI started AFP within 24 hours after the last dose of IC until IC response was assessed. There were no significant differences among the pts in the 8 regimens with regards to age, gender, diagnosis, cytogenetics, performance status, presence of no fungal infection at start IC and stayed in protected environment. Table 1 shows our results. Although none of the pts receiving Voriconazole (IV or PO) developed proven IFI, all comparisons of efficacy among the AFP regimens were not significant (p= 0.291). None of the patients on AMBI 3TIW and either VORI had mold infections. There was a significant difference in the number of side effects among the 8 groups (p = 0.03). CASPO and PO VORI were the less toxic regimens. In addition, PO VORI was significantly less toxic than IV VORI (p=0.031). ABLC (N=131) AMBI 3TIW (N=69) F+I (N=67) IV ITRA (N=225) CASPO (N=106) VORI IV (N=61) AMBI 9/w (N=27) PO VORI (N=38) Breakthrough proven IFI n (%) 7(5) 3(4) 3(5) 17(8) 7(7) 0 2 (7) 0 –Yeast 2 3 1 11 3 0 1 0 –Mold 5 0 2 6 4 0 1 0 Drug-related side effects (%) 18 14 7 10 4 21 12 5 We conclude that PO VORI is safe, efficacious and easy to administer to the patients for the prevention of IFI in pts with AML and HR-MDS undergoing IC. CASPO is a safe alternative. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Kellett, John, i Alan Murray. "How to follow the NEWS". Acute Medicine Journal 13, nr 3 (1.07.2014): 104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.52964/amja.0356.
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Background: it is not known how best to respond to changes in the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) after hospital admission. This report manipulates and extrapolates previously published data on the trajectories of the abbreviated early warning score (AbEWS i.e. NEWS that does not include mental status). Methods: trajectories of averaged AbEWS for patients for their first 5 days in hospital and their last 5 days in hospital were combined to obtain an approximation of what happens to the average patient while in hospital. Results: the trajectories of patients admitted with a low score are different from those admitted with a high score. Patients should be observed for 12 to 24 hours before their outcome can be predicted. The score of most patients who die in hospital trends upward on the second or third day after admission. Patients admitted with a score of 0-2 who raise their score to >=3 have a ten-fold increase in-hospital mortality. Conclusions: the trajectories of early warning scores after admission are of prognostic importance, and escalation protocols should relate changes in the score to its initial value on admission.
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Ribeiro, Júlio César, Ana Aparecida da Silva Almeida, Julio Cesar Raposo de Almeida, João Luiz Gadioli i Marcos Gervasio Pereira. "Chemical properties of an Oxisol affected by different land use and soil management systems". Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 15, nr 7 (14.12.2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2575.
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Agricultural crop management practices that guarantee soil quality are necessary for the sustainability of agrosystems. The use of agroforestry systems to make food production viable with less loss of soil fertility is a possible alternative for sustainable agriculture. This work evaluated the chemical characteristics of an Oxisol in three systems of use and management: 1) peach for palm heart production; 2) peach palm for fruit and seed production; and 3) Urochloa decumbens pasture. In these areas, located at Fazenda Piloto of the Agricultural Sciences Department at the University of Taubaté - UNITAU, Taubaté-SP, Brazil, samples were collected at the depths 0-10cm, 10-20cm and 20-40cm. In these soil samples, levels of P, K, Ca, Mg, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, pHCaCl2, H+Al, total organic carbon and organic carbon stock were determined. The sums of bases (SB), cation exchange capacity (CEC) and base saturation (BS) were calculated. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were compared using the Tukey test at 5%. The results indicate that soil cultivated with peach palm for palm heart production showed better fertility compared to peach palm for fruit and seed production and pasture. The upper layers 0-10cm and 10-20cm are the most fertile, concentrating P, Ca e Mg, high CEC, SB and BS.
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Sandri, Delvio, Edson E. Matsura i Roberto Testezlaf. "Alteração química do solo irrigado por aspersão e gotejamento subterrâneo e superficial com água residuária". Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 13, nr 6 (grudzień 2009): 755–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-43662009000600014.
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Propôs-se, neste trabalho, avaliar a variação dos constituintes químicos do solo devido à aplicação de água residuária e água de um depósito de fonte superficial, durante dois ciclos da alface (Lactuca sativa L.), cv "Elisa", utilizando-se os sistemas de irrigação por aspersão, gotejamento subterrâneo e superficial. Analisaram-se as camadas de solo de 0-0,10 e 0,10-0,20 m, aos 6, 26 e 46 dias após o transplantio no 1° ciclo e aos 7, 27 e 49 dias após o transplantio, no 2° ciclo. Os resultados demonstraram que no 1° ciclo a concentração de sódio apresentou elevação nos tratamentos irrigados com água residuária, em ambas as camadas de solo. As concentrações de manganês e cobre também indicaram elevação nesse ciclo, para a camada de solo de 0-0,10 m na irrigação por aspersão e gotejamento superficial com água residuária; no 2° ciclo os tratamentos irrigados com água residuária mostraram elevação do nitrogênio total em ambas as camadas de solo analisadas e da matéria orgânica, somente na camada de 0-0,10 m. Nesse ciclo, o manganês e o cobre também apresentaram redução na concentração, efeito atribuído às chuvas que ocorreram no período.
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Sandoval, Adilene, i Jill Adler-Moore. "1554. Nebulized Liposomal Amphotericin B for Treatment of Murine Pulmonary Mucormycosis". Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (październik 2019): S567—S568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1418.
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Abstract Background Pulmonary mucormycosis, a life-threatening infection of immunocompromised individuals, can have a 95% mortality rate, even with treatment. Intravenous (IV) liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisomeâ, AmBi) is used to treat the infection, but rapid growth of the pathogen can limit the drug’s effectiveness. In the present study we investigated whether nebulized (nebz) AmBi could improve treatment outcome using a neutropenic murine model of pulmonary mucormycosis. Methods Rhizopus oryzae (ATCC MYA4621) was grown on Potato Dextrose Agar for 3–7 days, followed by spore harvesting, and determination of spore viability. Male ICR mice were immunosuppressed with 200 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide d-2, d0, d+2, d+4, and d0 challenged intranasally with 1 × 106 spores. In Study 1, mice (n = 16 mice/gp) were given AmBi at 7.5 or 10 mg/kg IV for 6 days, or nebz AmBi for 20 minutes (1.33 mg/mL AmBi in reservoir) for 4 days. In Study 2, 16 mice/gp were given AmBi at 15 mg/kg IV for 6 days or nebz AmBi for 7 days. PBS was the control. Lungs and kidneys were collected d+6 to determine drug concentration by a bioassay (n = 7–8 mice/gp) and morbidity (n = 8 mice/gp) monitored to d+21. Results In Study 1, survival was significantly better with nebz AmBi for 4 days (50%) or 10 mg/kg IV AmBi (33%) vs. 7.5 mg/kg IV AmBi (0%) (P < 0.003). In Study 2 with 13% survival in the PBS mice, 7 days of nebz AmBi produced 100% survival and 15 mg/kg IV AmBi gave 83% survival (P < 0.02 vs. PBS), underscoring the need for more intensive treatments. In Study 2, we also observed that average lung drug levels with nebz AmBi were significantly lower (3 μg/g lung) than with 15mg/kg AmBi IV (19 μg/g lung) (P = 0.003), even though both treatments were comparably effective. Kidney drug levels with 15 mg/kg AmBi IV were 13 μg/g and in comparison, nebz AmBi produced no detectable drug. Conclusion Daily nebulization of AmBi for one week or a high dose of IV AmBi at 15 mg/kg for 6 days protected the mice from severe pulmonary mucormycosis caused by R. oryzae, delivering effective drug levels to the lungs. The IV treatment yielded elevated levels of drug in the kidneys, while nebulization with AmBi produced no detectable drug in the kidneys. This indicated that nebz AmBi would be a less nephrotoxic, but still very effective route for drug delivery. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Miri, Rached, Mohamed A. Abbassi, Mokhtar Ferhi i Ridha Djebali. "Second Law Analysis of MHD Forced Convective Nanoliquid Flow Through a Two-Dimensional Channel". Acta Mechanica et Automatica 16, nr 4 (1.12.2022): 417–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ama-2022-0050.
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Abstract The present study deals with fluid flow, heat transfer and entropy generation in a two-dimensional channel filled with Cu–water nanoliquid and containing a hot block. The nanoliquid flow is driven along the channel by a constant velocity and a cold temperature at the inlet, and the partially heated horizontal walls. The aim of this work is to study the influence of the most important parameters such as nanoparticle volume fraction (0%≤ϕ≤4%), nanoparticle diameter (5 nm≤dp≤55 nm), Reynolds number (50≤Re≤200), Hartmann number (0≤Ha≤90), magnetic field inclination angle (0≤γ≤π) and Brownian motion on the hydrodynamic and thermal characteristics and entropy generation. We used the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM: SRT-BGK model) to solve the continuity, momentum and energy equations. The obtained results show that the maximum value of the average Nusselt number is found for case (3) when the hot block is placed between the two hot walls. The minimum value is calculated for case (2) when the hot block is placed between the two insulated walls. The increase in Reynolds and Hartmann numbers enhances the heat transfer and the total entropy generation. In addition, the nanoparticle diameter increase reduces the heat transfer and the irreversibility, the impact of the magnetic field inclination angle on the heat transfer and the total entropy generation is investigated, and the Brownian motion enhances the heat transfer and the total entropy generation.
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Wu, YiFei, Evgeniya Kushchaeva i Tatiana Ugarova. "The Role of Integrins aMb2 (CD11b/CD18) and aDb2 (CD11d/CD18) in Macrophage Fusion." Blood 120, nr 21 (16.11.2012): 2138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.2138.2138.
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Abstract Abstract 2138 Macrophage fusion leading to the formation of multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) is a hallmark of many chronic inflammatory reactions. MGCs are an invariable constituent of tuberculoid lesions and also found in a variety of conditions leading to granulomatous inflammation as well as the foreign body reaction. Despite the prominent phenotype, the molecular mechanisms underlying macrophage fusion are not well understood. MGCs originate from macrophages that are recruited to sites of chronic inflammation. The major myelo-monocytic integrin αMβ2 (CD11b/CD18, Mac-1), together with a related integrin αDβ2 (CD11d/CD18), mediate critical adhesive reactions of monocyte/macrophages. The function of β2 integrins in macrophage fusion remains controversial. Some studies using function blocking antibodies implicated αMβ2 in the cell/substrate adhesive interactions that are required for MGC formation, whereas one recent report indicated that this integrin plays a minor role. Moreover, the contribution of αDβ2, a receptor with recognition specificity overlapping that of αMβ2, to macrophage fusion is unknown. To evaluate the role of αMβ2 and αDβ2 in MGC formation, we examined fusion of inflammatory peritoneal macrophages isolated from wild-type mice and mice with deficiency of αM or αD integrin subunits. Macrophages were isolated at day 3 after thioglycollate injection and cultured for 24–72 hours in the presence of IL-4 to induce fusion. Percentage fusion was quantified as the number of giant cell nuclei (≥2 nuclei) to the number of total nuclei. The number of fused macrophages isolated from wild-type mice gradually increased and ∼40–50% macrophages formed MGCs after IL-4 stimulation by day 3. Analyses of fusion of αMβ2-deficient macrophages demonstrated that fusion was significantly reduced. By day 3, macrophage fusion of αMβ2-deficient macrophages was 23 ± 2% of wild-type macrophages. Fusion of αDβ2-deficient macrophages was also decreased and the change was statistically significant, albeit to a smaller degree (75 ± 4%). Using a mouse model of sterile peritonitis induced by thioglycollate injection, we also examined the formation of MGCs in vivo. In wild-type mice, the number of MGCs gradually increased from 2.5 ± 0.3% at day 0 (resident macrophages) to 17 ± 2% at day 18 (the resolution phase of inflammation). Moreover, expression of αMβ2 and αDβ2 on peritoneal macrophages increased by ∼2 and 1.6-fold, respectively, on 18th day after induction of inflammation. In αMβ2-deficient mice, the number of MGCs was reduced by 2.1-fold compared to wild-type mice. Furthermore, while the size of wild-type and αMβ2-deficient giant cells was the same, the number of cells with 3 and more nuclei in fused αMβ2-deficient MGCs was 4-fold less than in wild-type cells. The results indicate that both αMβ2 and αDβ2 integrins support macrophage fusion with αMβ2 playing a dominant role. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Velikov, P., N. Kapincheva, I. Trifonova, V. Velev, M. Popov, I. Ivanov, R. Chipeva i in. "SARS-COV-2 Infection in Children and Young People in Bulgaria – A Prospective, Single-Center, Cohort Study". Acta Medica Bulgarica 50, nr 2 (14.05.2023): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amb-2023-0014.
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Abstract Compared to other respiratory viruses, the proportion of hospitalizations due to SARS-CoV-2 among children is relatively low. While severe illness is not common among children and young individuals, a particular type of severe condition called multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) has been reported. The aim of this prospective cohort study, which followed a group of individuals under the age of 19, was to examine the characteristics of patients who had contracted SARS-CoV-2, including their coexisting medical conditions, clinical symptoms, laboratory findings, and outcomes. The study also aimed to investigate the features of children who met the WHO case definition of MIS-C, as well as those who required intensive care. A total of 270 patients were included between March 2020 and December 2021. The eligible criteria were individuals between 0-18 with a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection at the Infectious Disease Hospital “Prof. Ivan Kirov” in Sofia, Bulgaria. Nearly 76% of the patients were ≤ 12 years old. In our study, at least one comorbidity was reported in 28.1% of the cases, with obesity being the most common one (8.9%). Less than 5% of children were transferred to an intensive care unit. We observed a statistically significant difference in the age groups, with children between 5 and 12 years old having a higher likelihood of requiring intensive care compared to other age groups. The median values of PaO2 and SatO2 were higher among patients admitted to the standard ward, while the values of granulocytes and C-reactive protein were higher among those transferred to the intensive care unit. Additionally, we identified 26 children who met the WHO case definition for MIS-C. Our study data supports the evidence of milder COVID-19 in children and young individuals as compared to adults. Older age groups were associated with higher incidence of both MIS-C and ICU admissions.
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Bron, Ilana Urbano, Angelo Pedro Jacomino i Beatriz Appezzato-da-Glória. "Alterações anatômicas e físico-químicas associadas ao armazenamento refrigerado de pêssegos 'Aurora-1' e 'Dourado-2 '". Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 37, nr 10 (październik 2002): 1349–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2002001000001.
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O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar as características anatômicas e físico-químicas de pêssegos (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) 'Aurora-1' e 'Dourado-2', armazenados em diferentes temperaturas e períodos. No primeiro experimento, os frutos foram armazenados a 0, 3 e 6ºC por 14, 21, 28 e 35 dias (mais dois dias de simulação à comercialização, sob 25ºC). No segundo experimento, os frutos foram armazenados a 0 e 3ºC por 7, 14, 21, 28 e 35 dias (mais dois dias de simulação à comercialização, sob 25ºC). O delineamento experimental empregado foi inteiramente ao acaso, em esquema fatorial, com quatro repetições em parcelas de seis frutos. Pêssegos 'Dourado-2', após sete dias de armazenamento a 3ºC ou 14 dias de armazenamento a 0ºC, apresentaram lanosidade caracterizada pela queda brusca na firmeza e pouca sucosidade. Os sintomas no mesocarpo foram caracterizados pelo afastamento das paredes de células adjacentes e acúmulo de substâncias pécticas no interior das células e dos espaços intercelulares. Pêssegos 'Aurora-1' sofreram redução na firmeza sem comprometer a qualidade dos frutos, podendo ser conservados por até 35 dias a 0 e 3ºC; mesmo aos 35 dias de armazenamento, o mesocarpo não apresentou alterações típicas da lanosidade. Aos 35 dias de armazenamento a 6ºC, os frutos de ambas cultivares estavam sobremaduros.
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Raluca, Diac Andreea, Brusnic Olga, Gabos Gabriella, Onisor Danusia, Drasoveanu Silvia Cosmina, Boeriu Alina i Dobru Daniela Ecaterina. "The Assessment of the Colo-rectal Polyps in Order to the New Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies". Acta Medica Marisiensis 61, nr 3 (1.09.2015): 161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amma-2015-0060.
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Abstract Objective. Assessment of the histological and endoscopic features of the colo-rectal polyps is requered for the application of the new diagnostic and therapeutical strategies in the managment of the diminutive polyps. Methods. This paper is a descriptive retrospective study on 52 pacients reffered for colonoscopy in Gastroenterology Clinic – Clinical County Hospital Targu Mures from January until September 2014. 80 polyps were assessed. Narrow band imaging examination targeted on the protrusive lezions allowed NICE (Narrow Band Imaging International Colorectal Endoscopic) classification and corroboration of the histology prediction and pathological assessment. Results. Polyp detection rate was 48,58%, given the quality of bowel preparation in hospital fair in 84,5%. The predominant histological type was the tubular adenoma (46,25%), and 40% of the polyps were located in the sigmoid. Among the diminutive polyps, 58,33% were hyperplastic(p<0,0001), mainly in the recto-sigmoid (66,67%); the incidence of high grade displasia or cancer was 0. Real –time prediction of the histology of the colorectal polyps using NBI established: NICE 1: 19 polpyps, histology- 16 hyperplastic, (p<0,0001, sensitivity: 100%, specificity: 95%), NICE 2: 59 polyps, histology- 53 adenomatous, (p<0,0001, sensitivity: 96%, specificity: 76%), NICE 3: 2 polyps- histology-cancer. Conclusions. We did not observe any distribution pattern in the topography of the diminutive polyps. Histologicaly the predominant type was the hyperplastic type. NBI was accurate in real-time prediction of the histology of the colo-rectal polyps. The results are relevant for application of the new strategies in the managment of the diminutive polyps.
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Yoku, Onesimus, Daniel Yohanis Seseray i Maria Krey. "PERTUMBUHAN DAN KARAKTERISTIK MORFOLOGI RUMPUT (Ischaemum sp) TANAH ASAL AMBAN DAN KEBAR DENGAN LEVEL DOSIS PUPUK NPK YANG BERBEDA". Pastura 7, nr 1 (11.01.2019): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/pastura.2017.v07.i01.p02.
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Pakan hijauan merupakan pakan basal ternak ruminansia, sehingga ketersediaannya baik kualitas, kuantitas maupun kontinuitasnya merupakan faktor yang penting dalam menentukan keberhasilan usaha peternakan ternak ruminansia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tanah asal Amban dan Kebar dengan level dosis pupuk NPK terhadap karakteristik morfologi rumput Ischaemum sp, yang meliputi karakteristik daun (panjang daun, lebar daun), dan batang (panjang ruas, diameter batang) serta produktivitas rumput Ischaemum sp yaitu tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan dan jumlah daun. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial. Faktor pertama adalah asal tanah dengan 2 (dua) taraf dan faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk NPK dengan 3 (tiga) taraf. Data yang diperoleh diolah menggunakan metode eksperimen dalam rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial, apabila berpengaruh signifikan akan diuji lanjut dengan Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian perlakuan tanah asal Amban dan Kebar dengan dosis pupuk 0 NPK, 0,165 NPK dan 0,330 NPK tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terdahap pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan dan jumlah daun serta karakteristik daun (panjang dan lebar daun), batang (panjang ruas dan diameter batang). Rata-rata pertumbuhan tinggi dan laju pertumbuhan, serta jumlah anakan dan jumlah daun tanaman rumput Ischaemum sp pada tanah Kebar lebih tinggi dibandingkan tanah asal Amban. Karakteristik daun dan batang rumput Ischaemum sp pada 2 MSP hingga 6 MSP ukuran maksimal panjang daun 36,2 cm; lebar daun 1,7; panjang ruas 7,5 cm dan diameter batang 0,3 mm.
Kata kunci: tanah, pupuk, morfologi, karakteristik, rumput Ischaemum sp
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Savino, Vicente José Maria, Antonio Augusto Domingos Coelho, Millor Fernandes do Rosário i Marco Aurélio Neves da Silva. "Avaliação de materiais genéticos visando à produção de frango caipira em diferentes sistemas de alimentação". Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 36, nr 3 (czerwiec 2007): 578–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982007000300009.
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Avaliaram-se genótipos experimentais e comerciais recomendados para criação no sistema caipira submetidos a dois programas de alimentação (convencional e alternativo) para simular condições de criação praticadas comumente pelos produtores. Até os 28 dias de idade, o delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado e, dos 29 aos 84 dias de idade, foi o inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 8 x 2 (oito genótipos: Paraíso Pedrês, Caipirão da ESALQ, 7 P, Embrapa 041, Label Rouge, Paraíso Pelado, Caipirinha da ESALQ e Carijó Barbada e dois programas de alimentação), ambos com duas repetições, considerando o boxe com 30 aves a unidade experimental. O peso vivo médio e a conversão alimentar obtidos nos períodos de 0 a 28, 0 a 56 e de 0 a 84 dias foram submetidos à análise de variância e à comparação de médias. Constatou-se efeito da alimentação nos períodos de 0 a 56 e de 0 a 84 dias para ambas as variáveis. O genótipo teve efeito para as duas variáveis no período de 0 a 28 dias e apenas para peso vivo médio nos períodos de 0 a 56 e de 0 a 84 dias de idade. Verificou-se efeito das interações genótipo × alimentação sobre a conversão alimentar no período de 0 a 56 dias e para ambas as variáveis no período de 0 a 84 dias de idade. No período de 0 a 28 dias, os genótipos Paraíso Pedrês e Caipirão da ESALQ apresentaram os maiores pesos médios. No período de 0 a 56 dias, o genótipo Paraíso Pedrês apresentou maior peso médio e todos os genótipos diferiram entre os programas de alimentação quanto à conversão alimentar. Os genótipos Caipirão da ESALQ, Paraíso Pedrês e 7 P apresentaram maiores pesos médios aos 84 dias de idade; nessa idade, todos os genótipos diferiram entre os programas de alimentação quanto à conversão alimentar. A substituição total da ração por milho afetou negativamente o desempenho das aves, no entanto, esse efeito foi menor no genótipo Paraíso Pedrês. O desempenho dos oito genótipos avaliados foi condicionado pelos fatores genética e alimentação.
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Mattiuzzi, Gloria N., Elihu H. Estey, Mike Hernandez, Maria E. Cabanillas, Francis Giles, Jorge E. Cortes, Susan O’Brien, Srdan Verstovsek i Hagop M. Kantarjian. "Voriconazole and Liposomal Amphotericin B (Ambisome) Effectively Prevent Mold Infections in Patients (pts) with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) Following Remission Induction Chemotherapy (RIC)." Blood 106, nr 11 (16.11.2005): 2773. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.2773.2773.
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Abstract Invasive fungal infections (IFI) are a frequent cause of morbidity and death in pts with AML and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (HR-MDS). Because early diagnosis of IFI is difficult, antifungal prophylaxis (AFP) including mold-active agents has become an important strategy to reduce morbidity and mortality in this patient population and is routinely used at MDACC for AML and HR-MDS pts undergoing RIC. We retrospectively compared the efficacy and safety of 6 AFP regimens (Sept 97- July 04) among 659 evaluable pts with newly diagnosed AML and HR-MDS who received RIC and had been enrolled in our prospective AFP trials. See regimens listed in Table below. There were no significant differences among the 6 regimens with regard to key baseline characteristics (age, gender, diagnosis, cytogenetics, type of RIC, Zubrod PS, WBC count, non-fungal infection and protected environment) and median days of AFP. 37 pts (5.6%) developed IFI (yeast 3 %; mold 2.6%). No mold infections were observed among pts randomized to AMBI or VORI. With the exception of VORI, which was significantly more effective than IV ITRA (p =0.03), all comparisons of efficacy among the AFP regimens were not significant. Drug discontinuation was the highest with IV VORI (21%) and ABLC (18%). VORI was more toxic than IV ITRA, Caspo, and F+I (p=0.023, 0.001 and 0.031 respectively). VORI toxicity was reversible and consisted of visual and/or auditory hallucinations and elevation in serum bilirubin. There was a trend toward developing VORI toxicity if baseline bilirubin levels were elevated (OR=4.9; p=0.10). We conclude that the rate of IFI in AML and HR-MDS pts undergoing RIC given mold-active AFP is 5.6 %. VORI and AMBI effectively prevented mold infections. VORI was more effective that IV ITRA but was associated with a high rate of reversible drug-related adverse events. ABLC (n=131) AMBI (n=69) F+I (n=67) IV ITRA (n=225) CASPO (n=106) VORI (n=61) ABLC: Amphotericin B Lipid Complex: 2.5 mg/kg IV three times/week; AMBI: Liposomal Amphotericin B: 3 mg/kg IV three times/week; F+I: Fluconazole: 400 mg (tab)/d + Itraconazole: 200 mg (caps)/d; IV ITRA: IV itraconazole: 200 mg BID X 2 d, then 200 mg IV/d; CASPO: Caspofungin: 50 mg IV/d; VORI: Voriconazole: 400 mg IV BID x 2 d, then 300 mg IV BID. Median age, years (range) 65(21–87) 63(36–83) 57(19–84) 62(17–89) 65(22–82) 59(23–79) Zubrod ≤ 2 (%) 127(97) 69(100) 65(97) 214(95) 101(95) 61(100) Median days AFP (range) 17(3–32) 14(3–28) 16(3–44) 20(3–41) 21(3–38) 21(3–34) Breakthrough IFI (%) 7(5) 3(4) 3(5) 17(8) 7(7) 0 Yeast (%) 2(2) 3(4) 1(1) 11(5) 3(3) 0 Mold (%) 5(4) 0 2(3) 6(3) 4(4) 0 Drug-related AFP DC (%) 24(18) 10(14) 5(7) 23(10) 4(4) 13(21)
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Dimas Cruz, Javier, Ly Marlen Montenegro Bonilla, Luis G. Dorantes Coronel i Carmen Balderas Delgadillo. "Caries temprana de la infancia y lactancia materna en infantes de 0 a 2 años. Revisión bibliográfica". Educación y Salud Boletín Científico Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo 10, nr 20 (5.06.2022): 251–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.29057/icsa.v10i20.8574.
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Introducción: La caries de la infancia temprana CIT, según el criterio obtenido en este trabajo de revisión bibliográfica, y su relación con la lactancia materna (LM), ha sido un tema muy debatido entre diversos autores, inclusive, los resultados de gran número de estudios han apuntado a conclusiones que pudieran considerarse contradictorias entre sí, como es el factor protector de la LM en la prevención del desarrollo de CIT (ECC, por sus siglas en inglés). Tener presente el papel que desempeña la LM en el desarrollo de caries dental, a lo largo de la niñez, es importante para contribuir a que los profesionales de salud oral, y padres de los infantes, puedan prevenir la CIT durante el proceso de LM que, como se ha reportado, puede contribuir al desarrollo integral de los pacientes pediátricos. Objetivo: Establecer, en base a revisión bibliográfica, la correlación entre LM y desarrollo de caries dental. Material y Métodos: Revisión bibliográfica Resultados: La leche materna contiene componentes inmunológicos que generan un ambiente desfavorable para el desarrollo de cepas bacterianas en la cavidad bucal, promueve la remineralización de las superficies del esmalte dental, en niños que son amamantados, es menor que en aquellos que no lo son, por lo que se tiene que la LM funciona como factor de protección que minimiza el riesgo de formación de caries dental. Conclusiones: En base a los resultados del trabajo de investigación presente se puede concluir que no hay una correlación positiva entre la LM y el desarrollo de CIT, siendo ambas variables independientes
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Nikolova, D., A. Yordanov i A. Radinov. "Azacitidine Treatment in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia Type 2 and Acute Myeloid Leukemia According to their Cytogenetic Findings". Acta Medica Bulgarica 48, nr 3 (1.10.2021): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amb-2021-0030.
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Abstract Introduction: Azacitidine is one of the hypomethylating agents available for the treatment of elderly patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It is also used as an appropriate treatment of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) in the real life setting. As treatment of AML and CMML is not curative, and allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) remains traditionally the only option, significant clinical benefits by hypomethylating agents have been reported. According to the available data, 16% of subjects with MDS who received azacitidine had a complete or partial normalization of blood cell counts and bone marrow morphology, while two-thirds of patients who required blood transfusions no longer needed them. Nevertheless, it can also be hepatotoxic in patients with severe liver impairment and extensive liver tumors. Aim: to summarize the effect of azacitidine treatment in patients in the light of their general condition, blood count parameters, toxicity (general and hematologic), as well as the presence of cytogenetic aberrations. Materials and Methods: Twenty-seven patients of which 15 patients with MDS, 9 patients with CMML and 3 patients with AML received azacitidine treatment. The blood count levels and toxicity were followed for a period of twelve months. Results: 22.2% of our patients (6 of 27) of different hematologic diagnoses showed genetic aberrations in their DNA. All they showed quick disease progression and fatal outcome, four of them also developed hematologic toxicity. The remaining 77.8% had no cytogenetic findings. Of all the cohort, 19.05% developed toxicity during the course of the treatment, 38% – decreased leucocyte levels, 14.3% – decreased thrombocyte levels and 18.2% – decreased hemoglobin level. The erythrocyte levels were not substantially influenced by the treatment. The majority of the patients sustained stable levels of red blood cells, as well as of platelets and hemoglobin without remarkable changes between month 0 and month 6 of the treatment. Conclusion: Our results showed, that the main disadvantage of azacitidine treatment in our patients were progressive leucopenia (in 10/27 patients or 37% of cases) and toxicity (8/27 or 29.6% of cases).
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González Elizondo, M. Socorro, Martha González Elizondo i Jerzy Rzedowski. "Nuevas especies de Viguiera (Compositae, Heliantheae) del estado de Durango, México". Acta Botanica Mexicana, nr 53 (1.10.2000): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21829/abm53.2000.861.
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Viguiera oligantha y V. inegii se describen como nuevas especies y se ilustran. Ambas son arbustos canescentes que se encuentran en forma simpátrica, endémicos del noreste del estado de Durango. La primera representa una condición poco usual en el género debido a sus cabezuelas notoriamente reducidas, con 1 ó 2 flores del disco y 0 a 2 flores liguladas. Viguiera oligantha y V. inegii parecen ser especies hermanas posiblemente relacionadas con V. greggii (A. Gray) S. F. Blake, de la que difieren en tener hojas predominantemente alternas con nervaduras impresas, así como cabezuelas y flores más pequeñas. Ambas especies son afines a los componentes de la serie Brevifoliae, aunque para integrar en ella a V. oligantha es preciso ampliar la circunscripción del grupo. Se presenta una clave para la identificación de las especies que conforman la serie Brevifoliae en su carácter enmendado y se incluye una lista de materiales de herbario revisados de los restantes componentes de esa serie.
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Michalková, Mária, i Ivana Pobočíková. "Time Series Analysis of Fossil Fuels Consumption in Slovakia by Arima Model". Acta Mechanica et Automatica 17, nr 1 (1.01.2023): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ama-2023-0004.
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Abstract According to the Green Deal, the carbon neutrality of the European Union (EU) should be reached partly by the transition from fossil fuels to alternative renewable sources. However, fossil fuels still play an essential role in energy production, and are widely used in the world with no alternative to be completely replaced with, so far. In recent years, we have observed the rapidly growing prices of commodities such as oil or gas. The analysis of past fossil fuels consumption might contribute significantly to the responsible formulation of the energy policy of each country, reflected in policies of related organisations and the industrial sector. Over the years, a number of papers have been published on modelling production and consumption of fossil and renewable energy sources on the level of national economics, industrial sectors and households, exploiting and comparing a variety of approaches. In this paper, we model the consumption of fossil fuels (gas and coal) in Slovakia based on the annual data during the years 1965–2020. To our knowledge, no such model, which analyses historical data and provides forecasts for future consumption of gas and coal, respectively, in Slovakia, is currently available in the literature. For building the model, we have used the Box–Jenkins methodology. Because of the presence of trend in the data, we have considered the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA (p,d,q)) model. By fitting models with various combinations of parameters p, d, q, the best fitting model has been chosen based on the value of Akaike’s information criterion. According to this, the model for coal consumption is ARIMA(0, 2, 1) and for gas consumption it is ARIMA(2, 2, 2).
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Dimitrova, R., i K. Hristozov. "Association of Insulin Resistance with Bone Mineral Density and Fracture Risk in Non-Diabetic Postmenopausal Women". Acta Medica Bulgarica 50, nr 2 (14.05.2023): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amb-2023-0016.
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Abstract There is conflicting literature evidence regarding the independent effects of insulin resistance and concomitant hyperinsulinemia on bone mineral density. In addition, it is still under debate whether the net effect is favorable or unfavorable for the fracture risk. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study. Aim To assess the correlation between bone mineral density and fracture risk with insulin resistance and circulating insulin levels in non-diabetic postmenopausal women. Materials and methods The study analyzed 84 women. The mean age of the participants was 60.54 ± 7.07 years, and the mean postmenopausal period was 11.45 ± 6.62 years. A standard oral glucose tolerance test was performed with measurement of blood glucose and insulin levels at 0 and 120 min. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to determine bone mineral density at lumbar spine and proximal femur. Fracture risk was calculated using the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool. Results We found that in non-diabetic postmenopausal women lower basal insulin levels (fasting insulin) were associated with a higher 10-year risk of major osteoporotic fracture when insulin sensitivity was preserved (HOMA-IR index < 2). Fasting insulin levels under 6.15 μIU/ml were considered high-risk regarding the fracture risk. On the other hand, higher stimulated insulin levels at 120 min (post-load insulin) were associated with a higher 10-year risk of major osteoporotic fracture at HOMA-IR index greater than 2. Stimulated insulin levels above 39.7 μIU/ml were considered high-risk regarding the fracture risk. Conclusion Our results revealed a negative relationship between stimulated insulin levels at HOMA-IR index above 2 and bone integrity in postmenopausal age. On the other hand, higher basal insulin levels at HOMA-IR index lower than 2 were associated with better parameters of postmenopausal bone health.
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Baker, J., J. Curtis, D. Chernoff i M. George. "FRI0572 LEPTIN-ADJUSTMENT OF THE MULTI-BIOMARKER DISEASE ACTIVITY (MBDA) SCORE REDUCES THE INFLUENCE OF ADIPOSITY". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (czerwiec 2020): 888–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.2221.
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Background:Obesity and excess adiposity influence inflammatory markers and bias disease activity assessment, especially among women. A multi-biomarker disease activity (aMBDA) score has been developed to account for the effects of age, sex and adiposity (leptin) and improves prediction of radiographic damage progression.1Objectives:1) Determine if the adjusted measure demonstrates a reduced association with adiposity.2) Assess the impact of the leptin-adjustment on the score over the range of adiposity.3) Assess relationships between MBDA scores and clinical disease activity.Methods:Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ages 18-75 years, completed whole-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry to quantify fat mass indices (FMI, kg/m2). Age-, sex-, and race-specific Z-Scores were calculated based on the distributions in a healthy reference population. Disease activity was assessed with the CDAI and swollen joint count (SJC). Baseline van der Heijde-Sharpe (vdHS) scores were determined by a radiologist. MBDA assays were performed on stored serum samples. Descriptive statistics described relationships between the FMI Z-Score and the MBDA and the aMBDA. Clinical disease activity, SJC, and radiographic damage were also compared across MBDA score categories.Results:Of 104 participants (50% female), the mean (SD) age was 56.1 (12.5) and mean BMI was 28.8 (6.9) (Table 1). The unadjusted MBDA score was strongly associated with BMI among women (Women: Rho=0.46 [p< 0.001]; Men: Rho=-0.12), while the aMBDA was not associated with BMI in women and was inversely correlated in men (Women: Rho=0.17; Men: Rho=-0.32 [p=0.02]). The unadjusted MBDA score was also strongly associated with FMI Z-Score among women (Figure; Women: Rho=0.42 [p=0.002]; Men: Rho=-0.10; p=0.01). The aMBDA was not significantly associated with FMI Z-Score (Female: Rho= 0.17; Male: Rho=-0.26). Leptin-adjustment reduced the MBDA score in the highest quartile of FMI in women but not men, and increased the MBDA score in the lowest FMI quartiles in both women and men; these patients in the lowest FMI quartile had the highest median SJC (p=0.05 for men, p=0.78 for women; Figure). The aMBDA reclassified 4 women (8%) and 9 men (17%) into higher disease activity categories and 2 women (4%) and 2 men (4%) into lower categories. CDAI, SJC, and radiographic scores were similar across activity categories for the unadjusted MBDA score and aMBDA (Table 2).Table 1.Baseline Characteristics.MenWomenN5252Age (yrs)59.1 (11.5)53.0 (12.8)Black, N (%)13 (25%)19 (36%)BMI27.3 (5.4)30.3 (8.0)FMI Z-Score-0.28 (1.3)0.05 (1.1)DAS28(CRP)3.09 (1.13)3.21 (1.24)Disease Duration11.4 (10.9)11.6 (11.9)CRP, mg/dL0.8 (0.5, 1.2)0.8 (0.5, 1.4)CCP Positive, N (%)45 (87%)40 (78%)vdHS (N=93)13 (4, 73)10.5 (2, 47)HAQ0.71 (0.59)0.83, (0.67)MBDA40.0 (13.8)42.1 (16.6)aMBDA43.6 (13.4)42.1 (15.3)Leptin, ng/mL15.1 (21.5)48.9 (41.5)Table 2.Clinical assessments across MBDA score categories.CDAISJCvdHSMBDAaMBDAMBDAaMBDAMBDAaMBDAMBDA CategoryLow14.6 (10.9)13.9 (9.9)2 (1, 5)2 (1, 5)9 (1, 33.5)9 (3, 32)Moderate13.2 (10.0)14.4 (11.4)2 (0, 5)3 (0, 6)10 (4, 49)10 (2, 53)High18.4 (12.3)17.7 (11.8)4 (1, 8)5 (2, 7)20.5 (5, 70.5)18 (4, 73)Conclusion:Leptin-adjustment of the MBDA score reduced bias related to excess adiposity in women with RA. Adjustment results in lower MBDA scores in women with greater adiposity, and higher MBDA scores in women and men with lesser adiposity. The aMBDA may reduce misclassification due to excess adiposity and improve identification of active disease among patients with lower adiposity. High aMBDA scores among men with low adiposity may reflect severe disease or excess comorbidity in this group.References:[1] Curtis et al.Rheumatology (Oxford) 2018. PMID: 30590790Figure.Impact of Adjustment on MBDA Score by FMI Z-Score Quartile.Disclosure of Interests:Joshua Baker Grant/research support from: Myriad RBM, Consultant of: Bristol-Myers Squib, Burns-White LLC, Jeffrey Curtis Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Corrona, Janssen, Lilly, Myriad, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Corrona, Janssen, Lilly, Myriad, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, UCB, David Chernoff Employee of: Myriad, Michael George Grant/research support from: Bristol Myers Squibb, Consultant of: AbbVie
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Dave, Janam J., Adilene Sandoval, Jon Olson i Jill Adler-Moore. "1577. Particle Characterization of Nebulized Liposomal Amphotericin B and Its Use in the Treatment of Murine Pulmonary Aspergillosis". Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (październik 2019): S576. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1441.
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Abstract Background Immunocompromised patients are very susceptible to pulmonary aspergillosis causing 50% mortality with present treatments, indicating a need for improved therapy. To address this, we standardized a nebulization method for effectively delivering liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome®, AmBi) into lungs of Aspergillus fumigatus-infected mice. Methods AmBi particle characterization was done with a Cascade particle impactor and a Schuco S5000 nebulizer containing 1.33 mg/mL AmBi. For in vivo studies, AmBi was nebulized (neb) into a 12 compartment chamber (one mouse/compartment), following immunosuppression with 28 mg/kg triamcinolone IP (d-3, -1, +1). Mice were challenged d0 with 9 x 106A. fumigatus (ATCC#13073) and 4 hours post-challenge, divided into 5 groups (n = 12/gp): 5 days of 20 min/day neb AmBi (Gp1), 5 days of 10 min/day neb AmBi (Gp2), 20 min/day neb AmBi days 0, 1, 3, 5, 7 (Gp 3), 5 days of intravenous(IV) AmBi 7.5 mg/kg/day (Gp4) and IV PBS (Gp5). Seven mice/gp were monitored for survival to d21 and lungs, livers, kidneys, spleens (5 mice/gp) analyzed for mean amphotericin B µg/g and CFU/g. Results 87% of neb AmBi particles were between 0.43 mm to 3.3 mm allowing for drug penetration into 1°, 2° and terminal bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli. This resulted in very good protection, with 20 min daily neb treatments (Gp1) giving 100% survival and 10 min daily neb treatments producing 71% survival (Gp2). There were no survivors in the PBS gp (P < 0.02 vs. Gp1 and Gp2). Every other day neb AmBi or daily IV AmBi was less effective (43% survival). In addition, neb AmBi for 20 min (Gp1) yielded significantly lower fungal burden in lungs vs. all other AmBi treatments (P < 0.02). While drug was detected in lungs of mice given 20 min of neb AmBi (2.6 µg/g), there was no drug detected in livers, kidneys or spleens of any mice given neb AmBi. In comparison, with IV AmBi, drug was detected in the lungs (7 µg/g), livers (204 µg/g), kidneys (38 µg/g), and spleens (114 µg/g). Conclusion Daily AmBi nebulization was an effective and potentially less nephrotoxic treatment for murine pulmonary aspergillosis since it achieved significantly lower tissue fungal burden and much better survival vs. daily IV AmBi, without delivering drug to the kidneys. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Zoltan, Sarkany. "Maximizing the Amount of Deposited Particles During a Severe Asthma Attack Using the Stochastic Lung Model". Acta Medica Marisiensis 61, nr 3 (1.09.2015): 217–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amma-2015-0043.
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AbstractBackground: The aim of this study was to use a computerized lung model to simulate the deposition of inhaled particles in the human airways during a severe asthma attack, in order to find the combination of breathing- and particle-related parameters which leads to the highest deposited fractions in the target areas of the airways.Material and Method: A stochastic lung model was used to simulate the deposition of 1 nm – 100 μm particles during a severe asthma attack in bronchial generations 9-16. Breathing parameters were chosen to reflect the use of a therapeutic inhalation device, with a 10 s symmetrical breathing cycle and 2000 ml tidal volume. To maximize the deposited fraction in the target areas, further simulations were carried out changing the tidal volume (750-3000 ml), the length of the breathing cycle (2-20 s) and the length of breathing pause following inhalation (0-10 s).Results: The highest deposited fraction of 51.50% in bronchial generations 9–16 was obtained in the case of 0.01 μm particles, this value being more than4 times higher compared to the highest deposition of 3–6 μm particles currently used in inhalation devices (11.81% in the case of 5 μm particles). Modifying breathing-related parameters did not lead to valuable increases in the deposited fractions in the investigated region.Conclusions: Deposition fractions in the therapeutically important areas of the airways may be more than4 times higher in the case of 0.01 μm particles, compared to particles currently used in the treatment of asthma bronchiale.
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Borges, Ney Carter do Carmo, Yara Del Antonio Taveira, Josimara A. Mazucheli, André Luiz Haddad, Rafael E. B. Astigarraga i Ronilson Agnaldo Moreno. "Estudo comparativo da biodisponibilidade relativa de duas formulações de glimepirida em voluntários sadios de ambos os sexos após administração de uma dose única de um comprimido de 4 mg". Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia 51, nr 6 (sierpień 2007): 950–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-27302007000600009.
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OBJETIVO: Comparar a biodisponibilidade de duas formulações de glimepirida em 26 voluntários sadios de ambos os sexos. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: O estudo foi aberto, cruzado e randomizado com dois períodos e wash out de 14 dias. As amostras foram obtidas em um intervalo de 48 horas. As concentrações de glimepirida foram analisadas por HPLC MS/MS. Das curvas de concentração de glimepirida no plasma versus tempo, foram obtidos os seguintes parâmetros farmacocinéticos: ASC(0-t), ASC(0-<FONT FACE=Symbol>¥</FONT>), Cmax, Ke, Tmax e T1/2. RESULTADOS: A razão entre as média geométricas de Glimepirida/Amaryl® 4 mg foi de 102,35% para ASC(0-t); 102,35% para ASC(0-<FONT FACE=Symbol>¥</FONT>) e 99,31% para Cmax. Os intervalos de confiança de 90% (IC 90%) foram de 92,62-109,55%; 95,62-109,55% e 88,60-111,32%, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: Como o IC 90% para Cmax, ASC(0-t) e ASC(0-<FONT FACE=Symbol>¥</FONT>) estava dentro do intervalo de 80-125%, concluiu-se que ambas as formulações foram bioequivalentes de acordo com o grau e a extensão de sua absorção.
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Del Puerto, M., S. Gigante, A. Terevinto, M. C. Cabrera i A. Saadoun. "Estatus oxidativo, antioxidante, del selenio, y aceptabilidad del consumidor de la carne de ave enriquecida con selenio dietario". Archivos de Zootecnia 70, nr 271 (15.07.2021): 292–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.21071/az.v70i271.5511.
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Se estudió el efecto de la suplementación con selenio con una forma orgánica (SeMet) y una forma inorgánica (SeNa) en la dieta de acabado de aves de corral, sobre el estado oxidativo y antioxidante de los músculos Pectoralis y Gastrocnemius, refrigerados a 2 ° C durante 0, 3 y 7 días. Además, se estudió el enriquecimiento de selenio y la evaluación sensorial de cada músculo en carne fresca (0 días). A los 35 días de edad, los polluelos se distribuyeron en tres grupos (30 aves cada uno), y fueron alimentados con una dieta basal de maíz y soja sin suplementos de Se (Control) o con 0,30 ppm de selenio como selenometionina (SeMet) o como selenito de sodio (SeNa) hasta el día 56 d-edad. En el músculo pectoral, se encontraron valores significativamente más bajos de TBARS en el día 0 en la carne de aves suplementadas con ambas fuentes de Se (P
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Tkach, Mykhaylo, Yurii Halynkin, Arkadii Proskurin, Irina Zhuk, Volodymyr Kluchnyk i Igor Bobylev. "An Experimental Study of the Vibrational Characteristics of a Diamond Circular Blade Using Electronic Speckle-Pattern Interferometry and FEM". Acta Mechanica et Automatica 15, nr 1 (1.03.2021): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ama-2021-0003.
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Abstract The compact installation and technology for determining vibration characteristics by the ESPI method has been created. The experimental determination of the dynamic characteristics of a diamond circular blade with a diameter of 203.4 mm and a thickness of 1.19 mm using real-time electronic speckle interferometry is presented. 15 mode shapes of vibration were detected in the range from 100 to 5000 Hz. The program calculation of the natural frequencies and mode shapes is carried out for three values of the clamping inner diameter (42 mm, 44 mm, 46 mm). The options for calculating a disk with a rim and without a rim are considered. It is shown that the minimum mean squared error of the calculation is achieved for the values of the diameter of the disk 46 mm, 42 mm and 44 mm for the number of nodal circles 0, 1 and 2, respectively. To verify the accuracy of the interferometer, experimental, computational and analytical studies of console steel rod 200 × 22.25 × 3.78 mm in size were carried out.
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Gawrońska, Elżbieta, Robert Dyja, Maria Zych i Grzegorz Domek. "Selection of the Heat Transfer Coefficient Using Swarming Algorithms". Acta Mechanica et Automatica 16, nr 4 (17.10.2022): 325–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ama-2022-0039.
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Abstract The article presents the use of swarming algorithms in selecting the heat transfer coefficient, taking into account the boundary condition of the IV types. Numerical calculations were made using the proprietary TalyFEM program and classic form of swarming algorithms. A function was also used for the calculations, which, during the calculation, determined the error of the approximate solution and was minimalised using a pair of individually employed algorithms, namely artificial bee colony (ABC) and ant colony optimisation (ACO). The tests were carried out to select the heat transfer coefficient from one range. Describing the geometry for a mesh of 408 fine elements with 214 nodes, the research carried out presents two squares (one on top of the other) separated by a heat transfer layer with a κ coefficient. A type III boundary condition was established on the right and left of both edges. The upper and lower edges were isolated, and a type IV boundary condition with imperfect contact was established between the squares. Calculations were made for ABC and ACO, respectively, for populations equal to 20, 40 and 60 individuals and 2, 6 and 12 iterations. In addition, in each case, 0%, 1%, 2% and 5% noise of the reference values were also considered. The obtained results are satisfactory and very close to the reference values of the κ parameter. The obtained results demonstrate the possibility of using artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to reconstruct the IV type boundary condition value during heat conduction modelling.
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Panduro Sáez, Iván. "Illiano, Roberto (ed.) Music and the Figurative Arts in the Nineteenth Century. Brepols, 2020. 20 col., 10 musical. ISBN: 978-2-503-58951-0." Cuadernos de arte de la Universidad de Granada 53 (23.12.2022): 308–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.30827/caug.v53i0.26939.
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En algún momento a Kandinsky, hombre curioso, se le atribuye la frase las artes aprenden unas de otras y sus objetivos a veces se asemejan. De esta forma, esta máxima cuyo contenido se ha ido explorando con mayor o menor profundidad desde finales del setecientos, podría simplemente poner con tinta negra sobre papel blanco, en la práctica y por ejemplo, la relación estética entre el abstraccionismo del propio Kandinsky con la atonalidad schönbergiana o el ritmo medido de la música renacentista con las escenas matemáticas de Paolo Uccello. En ambos casos las experiencias convergen como si las dos artes se entremezclaran o como si fueran una sola en sus propósitos. De otra parte, no hay más que ir al vocabulario semejante de ambas disciplinas, -la visual y la sonora-, para poder evidenciar conceptos comunes como el ritmo, la intensidad o la armonía, cuestiones que si bien se repiten no siempre han sido percibidas por la historiografía o los formalismos cuadriculados.
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Parent, Briz, Christine Barras, Erica Bicchi, Laurie M. Charrieau, Constance Choquel, Éric Bénéteau, Grégoire M. Maillet i Frans J. Jorissen. "Comparison of Four Foraminiferal Biotic Indices Assessing the Environmental Quality of Coastal Mediterranean Soft Bottoms". Water 13, nr 22 (11.11.2021): 3193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13223193.
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Coastal environments are exposed to numerous pressures that potentially affect marine soft bottom faunas. Among these pressures, organic matter enrichment is very frequent. Several indices based on living (Rose Bengal-stained) foraminiferal communities have recently been developed to assess the induced impact and determine the environmental quality of these environments. Here, we use an open waters Mediterranean Sea data set to test the benefits and drawbacks of four foraminiferal indices: (1) the effective number of species (exp(H’bc)), (2) the Tolerant Species Index for the Mediterranean (TSI-Med), (3) the Foraminifera AMBI (Foram-AMBI), and (4) the Foram Stress Index (FSI). These indices all intend to measure the response of the foraminiferal communities to organic matter enrichment, and therefore, their results should be very similar. We found that the diversity-based index, exp(H’bc), was not suitable to evaluate the environmental quality of our Mediterranean coastal settings, as it had a non-monotonic relationship with the organic matter enrichment gradient. The three indices based on groups of indicator species (TSI-Med, Foram-AMBI, and FSI) yielded fairly similar results. For Foram-AMBI, using only assigned species to calculate proportions of indicator species partly avoided to misinterpret the results. In TSI-Med, a correction based on sediment grain size is applied to distinguish between natural and anthropogenic organic enrichment. Such a correction could also be added to Foram-AMBI and FSI. The limits between the Ecological Quality Status (EQS) classes used for macrofauna were not adapted for Foram-AMBI. Here, we propose new EQS class limits for the Foram-AMBI as follows: very good: 0 ≤ x < 1.4; good: 1.4 ≤ x < 2.4; moderate: 2.4 ≤ x < 3.4; poor: 3.4 ≤ x < 4.4; bad: 4.4 ≤ x ≤ 6. These limits could evolve in the future as new data become available, especially with a poor and bad environmental quality.
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Charone, Senda, Erika Calvano Küchler, Aline de Lima Leite, Mileni Silva Fernandes, Vinicius Taioqui Pelá, Tatiana Martini, Bárbara Margarido Brondino i in. "Analysis of Polymorphisms in Genes Differentially Expressed in the Enamel of Mice with Different Genetic Susceptibilities to Dental Fluorosis". Caries Research 53, nr 2 (27.08.2018): 228–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000491554.
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Genes expressed during amelogenesis are candidates to increase the risk of dental fluorosis (DF). Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the association between polymorphisms in enamel development genes and susceptibility to DF in mice. Mice of both sexes, representing strains 129P3/J (n = 20; resistant to DF) and A/J (n = 20; susceptible to DF), were divided into 2 groups. Each strain received a diet with a low concentration of fluoride (F) and drinking water containing 0 or 50 mg/L of F for 6 weeks. Clinical evaluation and analysis of Vickers enamel microhardness of the incisors were performed. Livers were collected for genomic DNA extraction. Seventeen genetic polymorphisms in Amelx, Ambn, Ambn, Col14a1, Col1a1, Col5a2, Enam, Fam20a, Fam83h, Foxo1, Klk4, Mmp20, Serpinf1, Serpinh1, Smad3, Tuft1, and Wdr72 were genotyped by real-time PCR using Taqman chemistry. Overrepresentation of alleles and genotypes in DF was evaluated using the χ2 test with an alpha of 5%. The clinical aspects of the enamel and the surface enamel microhardness confirmed the DF condition. In the polymorphisms rs29569969, rs13482592, and rs13480057 in Ambn, Col14a1, and Mmp20, respectively, genotype and allele distributions were statistically significantly different between A/J and 129P3/J strains (p < 0.05). In conclusion, polymorphisms in Ambn, Col14a1, and Mmp20 are associated with the susceptibility to DF.
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Corrent, Adriana Regina, Aguinaldo Parussolo, Cesar Luiz Girardi i Cesar Valmor Rombaldi. "Efeito do 1-metilciclopropeno na conservação de maçãs 'Royal Gala' em ar refrigerado e atmosfera controlada". Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 26, nr 2 (sierpień 2004): 217–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-29452004000200009.
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Maçãs 'Royal Gala', colhidas em dois estádios de maturação, foram tratadas com 1-MCP (1-metilciclopropeno) nas concentrações de 0; 625 e 1250 nL.L-1, durante 48 horas, à temperatura de 20 ± 2 ºC. Após este tratamento, foram armazenadas em dois diferentes sistemas: em atmosfera controlada à temperatura de 0 ± 0,5 ºC, 2,1 a 2,3 kPa de CO2 , 1,8 a 2,0 kPa de O2 e umidade relativa de 95 ± 5 %, durante 9 meses. Em ar refrigerado a 0,5 ± 0,5 ºC e 95 ± 5 % de umidade relativa, durante 8 meses. As análises realizadas demonstraram a eficiência do 1-MCP em controlar a maturação das frutas durante o armazenamento em ambas as condições e pontos de colheita. A aplicação do 1-MCP reduziu drasticamente a produção de etileno, diminuiu a perda de firmeza, além de preservar a acidez total titulável.
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Gaitán-Álvarez, Johanna. "Propiedades energéticas de biomasa torrefaccionada de Dipteryx panamensis Pittier y Gmelina arborea Roxb. ex Sm." Revista Forestal Mesoamericana Kurú 13, nr 30 (15.12.2015): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.18845/rfmk.v13i30.2461.
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<p>Se cuantificaron las propiedades energéticas de la biomasa torrefaccionada de dos especies forestales, Dipteryx panamensis y Gmelina arborea. Se tomaron 500 gramos de aserrín provenientes del proceso de aserrío primario de cada especie y se dividió en tres partes para aplicar tres tipos de tiempos a la exposición de temperatura, denominado como tratamientos: el tratamiento número 1 es el testigo, el cual no se torrefaccionó (0 minutos). El tratamiento número 2 consistió en aplicar una temperatura de 200 °C por 15 minutos, y el tratamiento número 3 consistió en aplicar una temperatura de 200 °C por 20 minutos. A este se le determinó densidad, contenido de cenizas, poder calórico, contenido de humedad e índice de combustibilidad. Las densidades de ambas especies variaron entre 155,48 kg/m3 a 191,86 kg/m3. El poder calórico paso de 9749,00 kJ/kg a 18126,35 kJ/kg con el proceso de torrefacción. Los porcentajes de cenizas se mantuvieron en un rango de 0,39 % a 1,07 %, y para el índice de combustibilidad en un rango de 109,31 a 6675,93; los valores más bajos los presentó el tratamiento a 0 minutos en ambas especies. Se logró determinar que la torrefacción incrementa las propiedades energéticas del material y que Dipteryx panamensis fue la que presentó un mejor comportamiento como combustible.</p>
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Pereira, Welison Andrade, Filipe Luis Sávio, Denise Cunha Fernandes dos Santos Dias, Cosme Damião Cruz i Aluízio Borém. "Fluxo gênico recíproco entre cultivares de soja convencional e geneticamente modificada". Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 47, nr 2 (luty 2012): 227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2012000200011.
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o fluxo gênico recíproco entre duas cultivares de soja, uma tolerante e outra sensível ao glifosato, além de aplicar estimadores para determinar a taxa de fecundação cruzada na população e o número de sementes híbridas na progênie. O experimento compôs-se de quatro blocos com 40 fileiras de soja, com 20 fileiras de cada cultivar (CD217 e CD219RR). No estádio R8, cinco fileiras, distantes 0, 5, 1, 2, 4 e 8 m da cultivar adjacente, foram colhidas, trilhadas e analisadas quanto à ocorrência de fluxo gênico. Como características marcadoras, foram utilizadas as cores da flor, hipocótilo e pubescência, e a tolerância ao glifosato. As cultivares contrastam quanto às características analisadas, cada uma condicionada por um gene com dois alelos, em interação de dominância completa. Na progênie da cultivar tolerante, a maior taxa de híbridos encontrada foi 0, 27% e, na progênie da cultivar sensível, identificou-se 0, 83%; pela hipótese do efeito diluição, as taxas de hibridação natural populacional seriam 0, 104 e 0, 388%, respectivamente. O fluxo gênico recíproco entre as cultivares CD217 e CD219RR não é o mesmo em ambas as direções. Os estimadores propostos são úteis para determinar a taxa de híbridos em amostras de sementes.
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Cerda Gómez, Marhleni. "BIOSILICE FOLIAR Y EDÁFICO EN LA TOLERANCIA DEL MAÍZ MORADO A LA SALINIDAD, EN LABORATORIO AYACUCHO". Investigación 29, nr 1 (1.01.2021): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.51440/unsch.revistainvestigacion.29.1.2021.283.
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Se evaluaron niveles de diatomita foliar y edáfico en la tolerancia del maíz morado a la salinidad, en suelo ligeramente salino y arcilloso de Luricocha- Ayacucho-Perú, en condiciones de laboratorio. Los tratamientos fueron niveles de biosilice foliar (0, 1, 2%) y edáficos (0, 500, 1000 kg.ha-1) en diseño completo al azar con arreglo factorial 3x3 y tres repeticiones. Las variables registradas fueron altura de planta, rendimiento de materia seca de parte aérea, radicular, relación peso aéreo/raíz y conductividad eléctrica del suelo. Los resultados refieren que ambas formas de aplicación de biosilice no muestran efecto significativo pero mantienen tendencia al incremento de materia seca de la parte aérea del maíz morado. La dosis 1.5% foliar de biosilice incrementa en 21.30% el desarrollo radicular y junto a 1000 kg.ha-1 hasta 23.47%, respecto del testigo y entre las aplicaciones edáficas cualquier dosis es mejor. Aplicar 2%, 1000, 2%-500 y 1.5%-1000 de biosilice foliar-edáfico, favorecen a la altura de maíz morado, sin diferencia entre sí. Aplicar al suelo 1000 kg.ha-1 de biosilice con o sin foliar, tiende a disminuir la conductividad eléctrica del suelo, sin diferencia entre dosis.
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Tenório, T. G. S., L. E. H. Melo, R. A. Mota, C. H. C. Fernandes, L. M. Sá, R. J. C. Souto i J. W. Pinheiro Júnior. "PESQUISA DE FATORES DE RISCO PARA A BRUCELOSE HUMANA ASSOCIADOS À PRESENÇA DE BRUCELOSE BOVINA NO MUNICÍPIO DE CORRENTES, ESTADO DE PERNAMBUCO, BRASIL". Arquivos do Instituto Biológico 75, nr 4 (październik 2008): 415–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657v75p4152008.
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RESUMO Objetivou-se com este estudo investigar a presença de anticorpos anti-Brucella abortus em grupos ocupacionais envolvidos com a criação de bovinos no Município de Correntes, Estado de Pernambuco, avaliando-se os fatores de risco associados à infecção em humanos, e estimar a prevalência em rebanhos bovinos leiteiros. Para tanto, foram colhidas 1.089 amostras de bovinos adultos e de 56 pessoas e examinadas pelo teste do antígeno acidificado tamponado (AAT). As amostras humanas foram submetidas à soroaglutinação lenta em tubos (SAL) e ao 2-mercaptoetanol (2-ME) e, quando reagentes a uma ou ambas as técnicas, para qualquer título, foram examinadas pela técnica de fixação do complemento (FC). Adicionalmente, pessoas submetidas à colheita de sangue foram solicitadas a responder um questionário investigativo. A prevalência para bovinos foi de 6,8% (74/1.089) obtidas através da SAL e 2-ME, e em humanos de 1,8% (1/56) ao AAT. Na SAL foi observada positividade em 21,4% (12/56) das amostras humanas, não havendo, entretanto, amostras reagentes ao 2-ME (0% 0/12) e ao FC (0% 0/12). Os fatores de risco estudados: consumo de leite cru e seus derivados, contato com secreções, manipulação de carnes, uso de luvas e transmissão iatrogênica na manipulação de vacina B19 não foram analisados estatisticamente, pois não se detectou nenhum indivíduo positivo ao teste de fixação do complemento. Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que a população da zona rural do Município de Correntes, PE, encontra-se exposta à infecção por B. abortus, embora não se possa inferir a existência de intercorrência entre a infecção bovina e a humana. De qualquer forma uma vigilância maior por parte das autoridades sanitárias deve ser implementada.
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Contreras H., José Luis, Miguel Tunque Q. i Alfonso G. Cordero F. "Rendimiento Hidropónico de la Arveja con Cebada y Trigo en la Producción de Germinados". Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú 26, nr 1 (13.02.2015): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v26i1.10910.
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El estudio tuvo por objetivo determinar el efecto de las asociaciones arveja-cebada y arveja-trigo en seis proporciones (0/100, 20/80, 40/60, 60/40, 80/20, 100/0) de cultivos hidropónicos sobre el porcentaje de materia seca, materia orgánica y proteína cruda, y altura de planta, así como en la producción de forraje verde, materia seca, materia orgánica y proteína cruda. Se utilizó un arreglo factorial al azar de 2 x 6 (asociación x proporción) con 5 repeticiones por tratamiento. El porcentaje de materia seca y rendimiento de forraje verde fue estadísticamente similar en las asociaciones arveja-cebada y arveja-trigo. Los porcentajes de materia orgánica y proteína cruda fueron afectados por la asociación y por el nivel de proporción leguminosa/gramínea. El porcentaje promedio de proteína cruda de ambas asociaciones fue de 22.37%. La proporción de leguminosa/gramínea no afectó la altura de planta del cultivo hidropónico.
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Gueiros, Vanja Andrade, Andréa Pacheco Batista Borges, João Carlos Pereira da Silva, Tatiana Schimitz Duarte i Kátia Linhares Franco. "UTILIZAÇÃO DO ADESIVO METIL-2-CIANOACRILATO E FIO DE NÁILON NA REPARAÇÃO DE FERIDAS CUTÂNEAS DE CÃES E GATOS". Ciência Rural 31, nr 2 (kwiecień 2001): 285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782001000200015.
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Com o objetivo de avaliar e comparar clínica e histologicamente o uso do adesivo metil-2-cianoacrilato e do fio de náilon na reparação de feridas cirúrgicas de pele, foram utilizados cinco cães e cinco gatos adultos, clinicamente sadios. Seguindo o protocolo anestésico e cirúrgico habitual para cada espécie, foram feitas cinco incisões na pele da região costal do lado esquerdo e cinco do lado direito, com aproximadamente dois centímetros de comprimento. As feridas cirúrgicas do lado direito foram suturadas com fio de náilon cirúrgico 3-0 e as do lado esquerdo foram aproximadas e fixadas com o metil-2-cianoacrilato em ambas as espécies. Os animais foram submetidos a avaliações clínicas a cada três dias. Foram retirados fragmentos de pele para realização de biopsias aos três, seis, nove, doze e quinze dias após a cirurgia. Os resultados obtidos, tanto em cães quanto em gatos, não revelaram diferença clínica ou histológica entre os tratamentos utilizados.
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Mekov, E., R. Petkov, A. Tsakova, M. Genova i D. Kostadinov. "Two-Year Mortality Following a Severe COPD Exacerbation in Bulgarian Patients". Acta Medica Bulgarica 49, nr 2 (1.06.2022): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amb-2022-0017.
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Abstract Two-year mortality in patients with COPD is expected to be between 10% and 49% depending on the investigated subgroup and specific patients’ characteristics. Aim: To assess the two-year mortality in COPD patients following hospitalization for severe exacerbation and to describe the prognostic value of comorbidities and specific patients’ characteristics. Materials and methods: We included 152 consecutive patients hospitalized for COPD exacerbation and signing informed consent. The Metabolic syndrome (MS), diabetes mellitus (DM), and hypovitaminosis D were diagnosed according to international guidelines. Demographic parameters (age, sex, smoking status, and the number of pack-years) were recorded. Quality of life was examined using CAT and mMRC questionnaires. The lung function was assessed by spirometry. Two-year mortality was determined according to data extracted from the national death register. Results: Two-year mortality rate was 11.8%. The investigated comorbidities – DM, MS, arterial hyper-tension (AH) and vitamin D status were no predictors of the two-year mortality. Mortality was increased in patients with mMRC ≥ 2 (17.2 vs. 1.9%, p = 0.005) and CAT score ≥ 10 (14.2 vs. 0%, p = 0.045). Severe exacerbation during the previous year was a risk factor for the registered two-year mortality (17.5% vs 5.6%, p = 0.021). The two-year mortality was increased in the group with FEV1 < 50%, compared to FEV1 > 50% (18.0 vs. 7.7%, p = 0.049). Cox regression analysis showed a 3.0% increase in the mortality rate for each 1% decrease in FEV1, 6.2% for each 1% decrease in PEF, 7.8% for one year of increasing age, 4% for 1% decrease in the FEV1/FVC ratio and 7.1% for each 1 point increase of CAT (all p-values < 0.05). Conclusions: The two-year mortality of COPD patients following a severe exacerbation was relatively low. Chronological age, FEV1, history for severe exacerbation during the previous year, reduced quality of life, and low BMI were all associated with increased mortality. Disease Grade C, mMRC < 2, and CAT score < 10 were associated with a favourable prognosis.
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Echer, Fábio R., Júlio C. Dominato, José E. Creste i Diego H. Santos. "Fertilização de cobertura com boro e potássio na nutrição e produtividade da batata-doce". Horticultura Brasileira 27, nr 2 (czerwiec 2009): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-05362009000200009.
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Os Latossolos e Argissolos apresentam elevada taxa de intemperização dos seus materiais constituintes, com pouca ou nenhuma reserva mineral de potássio (K) e normalmente, baixos teores de matéria orgânica do solo, principal fonte de boro (B) às plantas. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a produtividade da cultura da batatadoce em resposta à combinação de doses de adubação potássica e boratada. O experimento foi conduzido entre os meses de agosto de 2007 e janeiro de 2008, em lavoura comercial de batata-doce, cv. Canadense, em Presidente Prudente-SP. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados, com três repetições, em esquema fatorial 4x4: doses de adubação potássica (0; 50; 100 e 200 kg ha-1 de K2O) e doses de adubação boratada (0; 1; 2 e 3 kg ha-1 de B), ambas aplicadas em cobertura. Os tratamentos foram aplicados aos 62 dias após o plantio. A maior produtividade obtida foi de 27,7 t ha-1, com a combinação das doses de 2 kg ha-1 de B aliada à aplicação de 200 kg ha-1 de K2O. O teor foliar de B aumentou conforme o aumento da dose de B e de K. Doses de 1 e 3 kg ha-1 de B não influenciaram o teor de Mg nas folhas, mas em doses de 0 e de 2 kg ha-1 de B o teor de Mg apresentou comportamento quadrático em função do aumento da adubação potássica.
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Quispe Chura, Katherine Angela. "INFLUENCIA DE LA PLANIFICACIÓN SOBRE LA SATISFACCIÓN DE LOS USUARIOS DEL SECTOR SALUD". Revista de Investigaciones 9, nr 2 (17.05.2022): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.26788/riepg.v9i2.2197.
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RESUMENEl objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la influencia de la planificación en salud sobre la satisfacción de los usuarios de la Región de Salud Puno durante el período 2015-2016. Se evaluó la planificación en salud mediante una encuesta estructurada y observación directa basadas en los Estándares de Acreditación para Establecimientos de Salud y Servicios Médicos de Apoyo; la satisfacción de los usuarios se evaluó mediante la encuesta SERVQUAL, ambos instrumentos validados por el Ministerio de Salud del Perú; se evaluó estadísticamente la relación entre ambas variables mediante la prueba Chi-Cuadrado. Se obtuvo que, en una escala de 0 a 2 puntos, la planificación en salud en la Región de Salud Puno, se encontraba en 0,8 (entre regular y deficiente); al respecto de la satisfacción de los usuarios, un 59.9% se encontraba insatisfecho con la atención; por último, con un nivel de confianza del 95%, se obtuvo que la relación estadística entre ambas variables fue significativa (p<0,0001). Palabras Clave: Administración, calidad, planificación, salud, satisfacción del usuario.
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Alvarez -Benaute, Luisa M., i Josué Alcántara- Bardales. "El Sacha Inchi y su aporte en la recuperación de suelos alterados en la selva". Revista Investigación Agraria 2, nr 1 (10.11.2020): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.47840/reina.2.1.831.
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En la actualidad existen innumerables tecnologías ambientales en la recuperación de suelos alterados, entre ellas el uso de plantas leguminosas que aportan mejoras físicas, químicas y biológicas. La presente investigación se basó de evaluar el comportamiento del Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L. y Erythrina fusca Lour). bajo condiciones de fertilización y densidades y su aporte para la recuperación de suelos alterados en el distrito de Monzón. El método utilizado fue experimental en Diseño de Parcelas Divididas (DPD) en Bloques Completos al Azar 2 densidades (DS1: 1666 y 1111 plantas ha-1) x 4 (N1: 0-0-0, N2: 20-30-20, N3: 25-40- 20 y N4: 40-60-40) x 3 repeticiones. Los resultados indican que los niveles de fertilización N2, N3 y N4 produjeron efecto significativo en los parámetros de las características vegetativas de Plukenetia volubilis L, para las características vegetativas de Erythrina fusca se evidencia significación en la interacción AB en el número de brotes a los 5 meses; la integración de ambas especies logró la mejorar en las propiedades químicas del suelo. Como la reducción aluminio en un 30%, incremento del p H en un 5%, incremento del potasio y fosforo.
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Nikolov, G., M. Boncheva, T. Gruev, K. T. Trajkovska i I. Kostovska. "Comparative Assessment of uNGAL, uNAG and Cystatin C As Early Biomarkers in Renal Post-Transplant Patients". Acta Medica Bulgarica 45, nr 2 (1.12.2018): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amb-2018-0013.
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Abstract Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL), urinary N-acetyl-bd-glucosaminidase (NAG), urinary α1-microglobulin/creatinine ratio and cystatin C have been suggested as potential early markers of delayed graft function (DGF) following kidney transplantation. We conducted a prospective study in 50 consecutive kidney transplant recipients to evaluate serial changes of these biomarkers within the first week after transplantation and assess their performance in predicting DGF (dialysis requirement during initial post-transplant week) and graft function throughout the first year. Urine samples were collected on post-transplantation days 0, 1, 2, 4, and 7. Statistical analysis: Linear mixed and multivariable regression models, receiver-operating characteristic (ROC), and areas under ROC curves were used. At all-time points, mean urinary NGAL levels were significantly higher in patients developing DGF. Shortly after transplantation (3-6 h), uNGAL and uNAG values were higher in DGF recipients (on average +242 ng/mL; NAG – 6.8 U/mmol creatinine, considering mean dialysis time of 4.1 years) and rose further in the following days, contrasting with prompt function recipients. On Day-1 uNGAL levels accurately predicted DGF (AUC-ROC = 0.93), with a performance higher than serum creatinine (AUC-ROC = 0.76), and similar to cystatin C (AUC-ROC = 0.95). Multivariable analyses revealed that uNGAL levels at days 4 and 7 were strongly associated with one-year serum creatinine level. Urinary NGAL, serum cystatin C is an early marker of graft injury and is independently associated with dialysis requirement within one week after transplantation and one-year graft function.
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Genova, M. P., K. Todorova-Ananieva, B. Atanasova i K. Tzatchev. "Assessment of Beta-Cell Function During Pregnancy and after Delivery". Acta Medica Bulgarica 41, nr 1 (1.06.2014): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amb-2014-0001.
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Summary The aim of the present study was to assess β-cell function using homeostasis model (HOMA-B) and disposition index (DI) in pregnant women with/without gestational diabetes, and after delivery. A total of 102 pregnant women between 24-28 gestational weeks (53 with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and 49 with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and 22 GDM postpartum women (8-12 weeks after delivery) were included in the study. All postpartum women had a history of GDM. HOMA indexes (insulin resistance - HOMA-IR and HOMA-B for assessing β-cell function) were calculated from fasting glucose and insulin concentrations. To estimate insulin secretion independent of insulin sensitivity, DI was calculated using glucose and insulin levels at 0 and 60 min during the course of a 2 h 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). In GDM pregnant women HOMA-B was significantly lower compared to NGT women (p = 0.017), but there was no significant difference compared to women after birth (NS). There was difference between NGT and postpartum women (p < 0.05). DI was significantly lower for GDM pregnant women in comparison to NGT and postpartum women (p < 0.0001; p = 0.011), between NGT and women after birth (p < 0.04). In our study, comparison of НОМА-В in NGT and GDM pregnant women demonstrated that the OR of developing GDM was 0.989 (95% CI, 0.980-0.998, P = 0.013), and comparison of DI in healthy pregnant and GDM showed that the OR of developing GDM was 0.967 (95% CI, 0.947-0.988, P = 0.002). Therefore, HOMA-B and DI appear to be protective factors in the risk of developing GDM. According to our results, assessment of β-cell function, using HOMA-B and DI, showed that they are lower in GDM than NGT group and postpartum women. It is important to note that HOMA-B did not show significant difference between GDM pregnant and women after delivery with a history for GDM. We assume that pregnant women with GDM have a pancreatic β-cell defect that remains after birth. These women are at increased risk for developing diabetes mellitus, the most frequent type 2 diabetes, in the future after birth.
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Gomes Neto, João, i Roando Viana Soares. "Influência da queima controlada no pH do solo em povoamentos de Pinus spp, na região de Sacramento, MG." Ciência Florestal 5, nr 1 (30.03.1999): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/19805098312.
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O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estudar a influência da queima na variação do pH em solo com povoamento de Pinus caribaea Morolet var. hondurensis e Pinus oocarpa Schiedler. A pesquisa desenvolveu-se na região de Sacramento, Minas Gerais, em latossolo vermelho-amarelo, fase argilosa. Foram selecionados 2 talhões (250 x 600 m) para cada espécie, demarcados por aceiros e queimados em dois períodos, às 10 e 16 horas, segundo a técnica de queima contra o vento. As áreas experimentais foram divididas em 8 parcelas, por espécie, em um delineamento completamente ao acaso. A coleta dos dados foi feita antes, imediatamente após, 7 meses e 14 meses após a queima em perfis de solo de 0-50 cm, abertos na interseção entre linhas e filas das árvores. Foram coletadas amostras da serrapilheira e de solo a várias profundidades. Verificou-se que após a queima, o pH em cloreto de potássio teve uma ligeira elevação, estabilizando-se até o final do período, em ambas as espécies estudadas. Para o pH em água, houve também uma ligeira elevação após a queima no Pinus oocarpa e um aumento significativo no final do período, para ambas espécies estudadas.
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De Lima Costa Gomes, Jeane, Aline Monique Blank do Amaral, Aline Teixeira Marins, Charlene Menezes, Tamiris Rosso Storck, Suziane Martinelli, Leila Picolli da Silva, Vania Lucia Loro i Bárbara Clasen. "Vitamin C supplementation in aquaculture activities". Cadernos de Ciência & Tecnologia 37, nr 2 (17.08.2020): 26694. http://dx.doi.org/10.35977/0104-1096.cct2020.v37.26694.
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Neste estudo, investigaram-se os efeitos de diferentes níveis de vitamina C na dieta de peixes com biomarcadores de estresse oxidativo e parâmetros hematológicos em jundiás. Os juvenis foram divididos em três grupos e alimentados com diferentes quantidades de vitamina C: 1) 0, 2) 500 e 3) 1.000 mg kg-1. Dez peixes por grupo foram coletados em 0, 14 e 28 dias após o início do experimento. A atividade da catalase hepática aumentou no grupo 1 após 28 dias. A atividade da GPx nas brânquias diminuiu em todos os grupos, e a GPx hepática aumentou nos grupos alimentados com vitamina C. A atividade hepática da SOD e os níveis de NPSH nas brânquias e no fígado não foram afetados. Em todos os grupos, a atividade GST diminuiu nas brânquias e aumentou no fígado. Os níveis de peroxidação lipídica diminuíram no fígado e nas brânquias para os grupos 2 e 3. Os resultados deste estudo indicam que ambas as dietas, com 500 ou 1.000 mg/kg de vitamina C, contribuíram para diminuir o dano oxidativo de Rhamdia quelen, sugerindo que a suplementação de vitamina C no presente modelo experimental pode ser útil na aquicultura para superar possíveis mudanças oxidativas induzidas por condições ambientais adversas.
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Camara, Rodrigo, Marcos Gervasio Pereira, Cristiane Figueira da Silva, Ranieri Ribeiro Paula i Eliane Maria Ribeiro da Silva. "Fungos Micorrízicos Arbusculares em Dois Fragmentos Florestais de Restinga Periodicamente Inundável em Marambaia, RJ". Floresta e Ambiente 23, nr 1 (23.02.2016): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.072214.
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RESUMO O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a ocorrência de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) em dois fragmentos florestais (FF 1 e FF 2) de Restinga periodicamente inundável, dispostos em um gradiente de saturação hídrica do solo em Marambaia, RJ. Em cada área foram coletadas amostras da camada superficial (0-5 cm), para avaliação da comunidade de FMA e dos atributos do solo. Entre as seis espécies de FMA encontradas, cinco foram comuns a ambas as áreas e Acaulospora scrobiculata se restringiu a FF 1. Acaulospora e Glomus foram os gêneros mais adaptados às condições ambientais dos ecossistemas. Não houve diferença significativa entre os fragmentos quanto à riqueza de espécies de FMA. Contudo, a abundância de esporos foi maior no FF 1. Parte destes resultados pode ser um reflexo dos menores valores de P disponível, teor de água e temperatura do solo no FF 1, quando comparado ao FF 2.
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Borges, Paulo Rogério Siriano, Elisangela Elena Nunes Carvalho, Eduardo Valério de Barros Vilas Boas, Juliana Pinto de Lima i Lucas Ferreira Rodrigues. "Estudo da estabilidade físico-química de suco de abacaxi 'pérola'". Ciência e Agrotecnologia 35, nr 4 (sierpień 2011): 742–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542011000400013.
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Neste trabalho foram avaliadas as mudanças físico-químicas provocadas pelo tipo de armazenamento do suco de abacaxi 'Pérola', durante de 48 horas após sua elaboração. Foram avaliadas 4 condições de armazenamento, em ambiente refrigerado (4 ±1º C) e em temperatura ambiente (22 ±1º C), ambas com e sem luminosidade. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com os tratamentos dispostos em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 x 6, sendo 2 ambientes de luminosidade (presença e ausência), 2 condições de temperatura (refrigeração e ambiente) e 6 tempos de amostragem (0, 6, 12, 24, 36 e 48 horas) com 3 repetições. Foram analisados, pH, acidez titulável, sólidos solúveis, vitamina C total e cor utilizando-se as variáveis claridade (L*), ângulo de cor (hº) e cromaticidade (C*). O tempo de armazenamento apresentou influência negativa na qualidade do suco provocando a diminuição dos teores de ácido ascórbico e ácido cítrico, alterações na cor, principalmente o escurecimento. Entretanto, quando armazenado em ambiente refrigerado e sem luz, o suco conservou suas características iniciais por mais tempo, sendo estas melhor preservadas pelas baixas temperaturas.
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Rampim, Leandro, Maria do Carmo Lana, Jucenei Fernando Frandoloso i Silvano Fontaniva. "Atributos químicos de solo e resposta do trigo e da soja ao gesso em sistema semeadura direta". Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 35, nr 5 (październik 2011): 1687–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832011000500023.
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A aplicação de gesso para tornar o Al indisponível, assim como para suprir nutrientes do solo para as plantas, pode proporcionar condições para a obtenção de elevada produtividade das culturas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do gesso (0, 1.000, 2.000, 3.000, 4.000 e 5.000 kg ha-1) nas características químicas de duas áreas com Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico de textura argilosa, com ou sem Al trocável, e na nutrição mineral e produtividade das culturas de trigo e soja em sistema semeadura direta. As doses de gesso foram aplicadas em superfície seis meses após a calagem. Aos seis e 12 meses após a aplicação do gesso, foram coletadas amostras de solo nas profundidades de 0-0,10; 0,10-0,20 e 0,20-0,40 m. O uso de até 5.000 kg ha-1 de gesso resultou em aumento dos teores de Ca2+ e SO4(2-) e lixiviação de K+ até 0,20 m e Mg2+ até 0,40 m de profundidade, um ano após a aplicação, sendo a dose de 3.000 kg ha-1 a que proporcionou maior redução do Al trocável. A aplicação de gesso implicou aumento dos teores foliares de Ca e Mg na cultura da soja, redução dos teores de Ca e Mg na cultura do trigo e aumento no teor de S em ambas as culturas, enquanto o teor de K aumentou até a dose de 3.170 kg ha-1 de gesso na cultura da soja. A utilização do gesso eleva a produtividade do trigo, cultivar CD 104, em solo com presença de Al trocável, mas não influencia a produtividade da soja em ambas os solos, com ou sem Al.
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Baravieira, Paula Belini, Alcione Ghedini Brasolotto, Arlindo Neto Montagnoli, Kelly Cristina Alves Silvério, Rosiane Yamasaki i Mara Behlau. "Análise perceptivo-auditiva de vozes rugosas e soprosas: correspondência entre a escala visual analógica e a escala numérica". CoDAS 28, nr 2 (kwiecień 2016): 163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20162015098.
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RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar os valores de corte dos diferentes graus de rugosidade e soprosidade vocal em uma escala visual analógica, a partir de uma escala numérica. Métodos: Foram selecionadas 150 vozes, de indivíduos de ambos os gêneros, com qualidade variando desde a ausência de rugosidade e de soprosidade até a presença desses parâmetros em grau intenso. A avaliação perceptivo-auditiva foi realizada por quatro fonoaudiólogas especialistas em voz, com a utilização da escala visual analógica de 100 mm e da escala numérica de quatro pontos. A concordância intra e interjuízes foi verificada por meio do Coeficiente de Correlação Interclasse. Os valores de corte foram obtidos com base nos valores de sensibilidade, especificidade e eficiência. Resultados: A concordância intra e interjuízes foi excelente em ambas as escalas. Os valores de corte definiram as faixas de distribuição, encontrando-se para a rugosidade: grau 0 até 8,5 mm; grau 1 de 8,5 a 28,5 mm; grau 2 de 28,5 a 59,5 mm; e grau 3 a partir de 59,5 mm. Para a soprosidade encontrou-se: grau 0 até 8,5 mm; grau 1 de 8,5 a 33,5 mm; grau 2 de 33,5 a 52,5 mm; e grau 3 a partir de 52,5 mm. Conclusão: A partir dos valores de corte encontrados para a escala visual analógica foi possível concluir que o grau 0 (zero) da escala numérica, que representa a ausência do parâmetro, corresponde a uma pequena faixa de pontuação de presença do parâmetro na escala visual analógica. Além disso, o grau 3 da escala numérica correspondeu a uma extensa faixa da escala visual analógica.
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Koritarova, V., i S. Georgiev. "Application of Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) in Patients During Prolonged Gynecological Surgery". Acta Medica Bulgarica 46, nr 1 (1.02.2019): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amb-2019-0005.
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Abstract Introduction: A lot of clinical studies have shown that during prolonged surgery protective ventilation strategy, including low tidal volume, PEEP and recruitment maneuvers (RM) can reduce the rate of postoperative pulmonary complications, which are the second most common cause for postoperative mortality. Therefore, it is important to investigate clinical methods for preventing them. The strategy of protective ventilation is easy and safe for the patients and inexpensive for application during prolonged surgery. Aims: The objective of this trial was to study whether application of PEEP in patients during prolonged gynecological surgery could decrease the postoperative complications. Material and Methods: We compared the rates of postoperative complications in patients after prolonged open gynecological surgery, who were divided into 2 groups – group A, which was the control group on non-protective ventilation (35 patients) and group B on protective ventilation (35 patients). The patients in the control group were ventilated with tidal volume (VT) of 8-10 ml/kg without PEEP and RM; the patients in group B were ventilated with VT = 6-8 ml/kg according to their Predicted Body Weight, with a PEEP of 6 cm H2O and RM, which consisted of applying continuous positive airway pressure of 30 cm H2O for 30 seconds. RM was performed after intubation, after every disconnection from ventilator and before extubation. The study was successfully performed without a need for a change in the type of ventilation strategy because of hypoxia or hemodynamic instability. Statistical nonparametric test (e.g. chi-square) was applied. Results: Total rate of all postoperative complications observed in both groups was 27,1%. We found a significant relationship between application of PEEP and lower rates of postoperative pulmonary complications in group A (39,4%) compared to group B (12,1%), lower rate of respiratory failure (33,3% in group A vs. 9,1% in group B -) and atelectasis (21,2% in group A vs. 0% in group B). Conclusion: The protective ventilation strategy (low VT, PEEP and RM) in patients during prolonged gynecological surgery can reduce the rate of postoperative pulmonary complications such as respiratory failure and atelectasis.
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Monteiro, Evoni Antunes, i Simey Thury Vieira Fisch. "Estrutura e padrão espacial das populações de Bactris setosa Mart e B. hatschbachii Noblick ex A. Hend (Arecaceae) em um gradiente altitudinal, Ubatuba (SP)". Biota Neotropica 5, nr 2 (2005): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1676-06032005000300007.
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Foi feito um estudo da estrutura e padrão espacial das palmeiras Bactris setosa Mart. e B. hatschbachii Noblick ex A. Hend., em trechos de mata atlântica no município de Ubatuba-SP, para se avaliar as populações destas espécies no gradiente de altitude. Nestes locais foram realizadas amostragens em seis altitudes (0 m - nível do mar, 100, 200, 400, 600, 850 m) em parcelas circulares de 100 m², onde todos os indivíduos das duas espécies foram medidos. As populações foram divididas em cinco classes de tamanhos: classe 1 (acaule); classe 2 (1 a 50 cm); classe 3 (51 a 100 cm); classe 4 (101 a 200 cm); classe 5 (> 200 cm). Ambas populações apresentaram predominância de indivíduos na classe seguinte a de plântulas. Ao nível do mar, as duas espécies foram abundantes (B. hatschbachii, 472 ind/ha e B. setosa, 312 ind/ha) e na encosta a espécie B. hatschbachii foi mais populosa a 400 m de altitude (400 ind/ha) e B. setosa a 600 m (148 ind/ha), a 850 m as duas espécies não foram amostradas. O índice de Morisita (Id) indicou um padrão espacial agregado para as populações de ambas espécies. O padrão populacional apresentado demonstrou que estas palmeiras são restritas a ambientes favoráveis.