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Ricci, L., P. Cazzoletti, I. Czekala, S. M. Andrews, D. Wilner, L. Szűcs, G. Lodato i in. "ALMA Observations of the Young Substellar Binary System 2M1207". IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624920.
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We present ALMA observations of the 2M1207 system, a young binary made of a brown dwarf with a planetary-mass companion at a projected separation of about 40 au. We detect emission from dust continuum at 0.89 mm and from the J = 3 - 2 rotational transition of CO from a very compact disk around the young brown dwarf. The small radius found for this brown dwarf disk may be due to truncation from the tidal interaction with the planetary-mass companion. Under the assumption of optically thin dust emission, we estimate. a dust mass of 0.1 M-circle plus. for the 2M1207A disk and a 3 sigma upper limit of similar to 1 M-Moon for dust surrounding 2M1207b, which is the tightest upper limit obtained so far for the mass of dust particles surrounding a young planetary-mass companion. We discuss the impact of this and other non-detections of young planetary-mass companions for models of planet formation that predict circumplanetary material to surround these objects.
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Naischtein, Katja. "Vem är Alma? : Ett aktör-nätverksperspektiv på bibliotekens IT-system". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för ABM, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-352611.
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Today’s library acquisition, circulation, metadata management, cataloging and administration of all kind of resources are too laborious and cannot be performed manually. These tasks are run by or with the help of an IT-system. This master thesis aims to start an analytical discussion of the modern library's central tool, library IT-systems, a discussion much missing in Library and Infor-mation Science. The data on two library IT-systems Alma and Sierra was collected by partici-pant observations, interviews and document studies at Karolinska institute university library and Södertörns university college library.The data was analyzed through actor-network theory perspective. The study’s main questions are how the library IT-system actor-network is assembled and function, and what role does the technology play in library’s practices.The study shows that a complex actor-network emerges in order to automate and computerize library tasks. In this actor-network library IT-systems vendors, the library community, KIB’s and SHB’s practices and the technology are actors who actively impact and affect each other. They are associated with each other through negotiations, a process in ANT referred to as translation. The study also shows that as the actors are not completely in agreement with each other, the library IT-system actor-network has not yet transformed into a fully convergent actor-network which ANT compares to a black box. The study shows that nonhumans, the IT-systems, are not neutral tools. They mediate, organize and document library practices. But they are also a product of modern library knowledge.The study concludes that the fully functioning solution for libraries automated and computer-ized services is the joined production of human and nonhuman actor-network where IT technology play a mediating role.
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MacGregor, Meredith A., David J. Wilner, Ian Czekala, Sean M. Andrews, Y. Sophia Dai, Gregory J. Herczeg, Kaitlin M. Kratter, Adam L. Kraus, Luca Ricci i Leonardo Testi. "ALMA MEASUREMENTS OF CIRCUMSTELLAR MATERIAL IN THE GQ LUP SYSTEM". IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622871.
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We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of the GQ Lup system, a young Sun-like star with a substellar-mass companion in a wide-separation orbit. These observations of 870 mu m continuum and CO J = 3-2 line emission with beam size similar to 0."3 (similar to 45 au) resolve the disk of dust and gas surrounding the primary star, GQ Lup A, and provide deep limits on any circumplanetary disk surrounding the companion, GQ Lup b. The circumprimary dust disk is compact with an FWHM of 59 +/- 12 au, while the gas has a larger extent with a characteristic radius of 46.5 +/- 1.8 au. By forward-modeling the velocity field of the circumprimary disk based on the CO emission, we constrain the mass of GQ Lup. A to be M-* = (1.03 +/- 0.05) * (d/156 pc) M-circle dot, where d is a known distance, and determine that we view the disk at an inclination angle of 60 degrees 5 +/- 0 degrees 5 and a position angle of 346 degrees +/- 1 degrees. The 3s upper limit on the 870 mu m flux density of any circumplanetary disk associated with GQ Lup b of <0.15 mJy implies an upper limit on the dust disk mass of <0.04M(circle dot) for standard assumptions about optically thin emission. We discuss proposed mechanisms for the formation of wide-separation substellar companions given the non-detection of circumplanetary disks around GQ Lup b and other similar systems.
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Tapia, Labarca Valeria Victoria. "Design and measurements of an optical system for Alma Band 1". Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/133513.
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Magíster en Ingeniería EléctricaEl proyecto astronómico ALMA, Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, es el radiobservatorio interferométrico más grande del mundo. Se compone de 66 antenas con diámetros de 7 y 12~m, ubicadas en el norte de Chile a una altitud de 5000~m sobre el nivel del mar. Su excelente localización y tecnología proveerán sensibilidad y resolución sin presedentes para el estudio de los origenes del universo, formación y evolución de galaxias, estrellas, planetas y la compleja química del medio interestelar. Por ello, ALMA constituye un gran desafío en diversas áreas de la ciencia y la tecnología. En esta tesis se presenta el diseño, contrucción y caracterización del sistema óptico para el receptor heterodino de la Banda 1 de ALMA. Este sistema combina una serie de exigentes especificaciones técnicas, limitaciones de construcción y restricciones de costo que requieren equilibrarse. El sistema debe cubrir el rango de frecuencia entre 35-50 GHz (con el objetivo de extenderlo hasta 52 GHz) sin ninguna sintonización mecánica, lograr un eficiencia de apertura para toda la banda que supere el 80%, poseer una apertura de polarización superior a 99.5%, incluir en torno a 10 K de ruido, poseer un error de alineamiento menor a 5~mrad respecto a la posición nominal y no debe interferir con los dispositivos ya existentes. Además, el sistema debe ser compatible para las antenas de 7 y 12 m, que poseen un ángulo de iluminación distinto al secundario. El sistema óptico consiste en una antena tipo bocina compacta corrugada, una membrana de gore-tex y membrana ranurada de teflón como filtros de las etapas de 15 y 110 K, respectivamente, y un lente con zona biconvexo fabricado de polietileno que incluye corrugaciones como capa anti-reflectora. Está tesis se enfoca en la antena tipo bocina y el lente. El proceso de diseño de los dipositivos se realizó de manera iterativa, por lo que dos modelos de antenas tipo bocina y tres lentes de una zona son presentados. El diseño de las antenas consistió en determinar las características necesarias del patrón radiativo utilizando modelos cuasiópticos. Luego se optimizó su perfil utilizando ténicas de adaptación modal y algoritmos genéticos. El procedimiento de diseño de lentes fue similar al utilizado para la bocina. Primero, se consideraron como parámetros iniciales los valores calculados mediante el modelo quasioptico y luego se realizaron análisis de sensibilidad utilizando la ténica de método de los momentos y método de elementos finitos. El mejor sistema en simulación corresponde a la segunda versión de la antena y la tercera del lente. Este sistema cumple totalmente las especificaciones mencionadas, logrando eficiencias de apertura mejores que 80.4% para toda la banda. La temperaturas de ruido promedio calculada es de 10.4 K, donde el lente presenta la mayor contribución con aproximadamente 7 K. Además, el sistema es compatible para la antena de 7 y 12 m, si el lente se desplaza 5.66 mm hacia el centro del criostato en la configuración de 7 m, con degradaciones en eficiencia de apertura menores a 0.5%. Por último se presentan dos sistemas caracterizados, correspondientes a la primera antena más la primera o segunda lente, pues al momento de escribir esta tesis, el resto de dispositivos se encontraban en construcción. El mejor sistema medido poseen eficiencias de apertura mejores que 79.2% en excelente concordancia con las simulaciones. Además, se han identificado algunas fuentes de error que poseen las mediciones, incluyendo errores en alineamientos y cambios de fase por temperatura.
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MacGregor, Meredith A., Luca Matra, Paul Kalas, David J. Wilner, Margaret Pan, Grant M. Kennedy, Mark C. Wyatt i in. "A Complete ALMA Map of the Fomalhaut Debris Disk". IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624433.
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We present ALMA mosaic observations at 1.3. mm (223 GHz) of the Fomalhaut system with a sensitivity of 14 mu Jy/beam. These observations provide the first millimeter map of the continuum dust emission from the complete outer debris disk with uniform sensitivity, enabling the first conclusive detection of apocenter glow. We adopt an MCMC modeling approach that accounts for the eccentric orbital parameters of a collection of particles within the disk. The outer belt is radially confined with an inner edge of 136.3 +/- 0.9. au and width of 13.5 +/- 1.8. au. We determine a best-fit eccentricity of 0.12 +/- 0.01. Assuming a size distribution power-law index of q. =. 3.46 +/- 0.09, we constrain the dust absorptivity power-law index a to be 0.9
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Booth, Mark, William R. F. Dent, Andrés Jordán, Jean-François Lestrade, Antonio S. Hales, Mark C. Wyatt, Simon Casassus i in. "The Northern arc of ε Eridani’s Debris Ring as seen by ALMA". OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625481.
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We present the first Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the closest known extrasolar debris disc. This disc orbits the star is an element of Eri, a K-type star just 3.2 pc away. Due to the proximity of the star, the entire disc cannot fit within the ALMA field of view. Therefore, the observations have been centred 18" North of the star, providing us with a clear detection of the Northern arc of the ring, at a wavelength of 1.3 mm. The observed disc emission is found to be narrow with a width of just 11-13 AU. The fractional disc width we find is comparable to that of the Solar system's Kuiper Belt and makes this one of the narrowest debris discs known. If the inner and outer edges are due to resonances with a planet then this planet likely has a semi-major axis of 48 AU. We find tentative evidence for clumps in the ring, although there is a strong chance that at least one is a background galaxy. We confirm, at much higher significance, the previous detection of an unresolved emission at the star that is above the level of the photosphere and attribute this excess to stellar chromospheric emission.
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SPINELLI, FABRIZIO. "Single-minded intention commitment strategy in ALAN". Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/241996.
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L'obiettivo di questa tesi è quello di introdurre il concetto di obbligazione in ALAN, un linguaggio di programmazione orientato agli agenti-oggetti che permette di fondere il paradigma di programmazione orientato agli oggetti con quello orientato agli agenti.In particolare l'attenzione è rivolta all'introduzione di una strategia di obbligazione "single-minded" per le intenzioni che permetterà ad un agente modellato in ALAN di poter reagire in maniera significativa ai cambiamenti che avvengono nel suo ambiente.Per poter ottenere tale risultato prima di tutto viene analizzata la strategia di obbligazione delle intenzioni attualmente adottata nel linguaggio, dopodichè un insieme di modifiche da apportare sia al modello che alla semnatica operazionale del linguaggio vengono proposte ed applicate allo stesso.Nella tesi viene introdotta anche una nuova architettura parallela per gli agenti. L'architettura proposta non solo permette l'implementazione della strategia di obbligazione "single-minded" delle intenzioni tenendo in considerazione e limitando il possibile degrado delle prestazioni del sistema, ma permette anche agli agenti di esguire in maniera concorrente le loro fasi di percezione, di ragionamento e di attuazione, conducendo alla creazione di agenti più capaci e reattivi.The aim of this thesis is to introduce the concept of commitment in ALAN, an agent-object oriented programming language that fuses the object oriented and the agent oriented programming paradignms. In order to achieve such result first the actual intention commitment strategy embodied in the languages is analyzed, then a set of modification to both the language model and to its operational semantics is proposed and applied to the language.The thesis also introduces a new parallel architecture for the agents. The proposed architecture not only permits the implementation of the single-minded intention commitment strategy taking into account and limiting possible performance degradation of the system, but also allows agents to execute concurrently their sensing, thinking and acting phases, leading to more reactive and capable agents.
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Winter, Matthias. "Concentrated patterns in biological systems". [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB11163816.
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Eisner, J. A., J. M. Bally, A. Ginsburg i P. D. Sheehan. "PROTOPLANETARY DISKS IN THE ORION OMC1 REGION IMAGED WITH ALMA". IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621374.
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We present ALMA observations of the Orion Nebula that cover the OMC1 outflow region. Our focus in this paper is on compact emission from protoplanetary disks. We mosaicked a field containing similar to 600 near-IR-identified young stars, around which we can search for sub-millimeter emission tracing dusty disks. Approximately 100 sources are known proplyds identified with the Hubble Space Telescope. We detect continuum emission at 1 mm wavelengths toward similar to 20% of the proplyd sample, and similar to 8% of the larger sample of near-IR objects. The noise in our maps allows 4 sigma detection of objects brighter than similar to 1.5 mJy, corresponding to protoplanetary disk masses larger than 1.5 M-J (using standard assumptions about dust opacities and gas-to-dust ratios). None of these disks are detected in contemporaneous CO(2-1) or (CO)-O-18(2-1) observations, suggesting that the gas-to-dust ratios may be substantially smaller than the canonical value of 100. Furthermore, since dust grains may already be sequestered in large bodies in Orion Nebula cluster (ONC) disks, the inferred masses of disk solids may be underestimated. Our results suggest that the distribution of disk masses in this region is compatible with the detection rate of massive planets around M dwarfs, which are the dominant stellar constituent in the ONC.
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Long, Feng, Gregory J. Herczeg, Ilaria Pascucci, Emily Drabek-Maunder, Subhanjoy Mohanty, Leonardo Testi, Daniel Apai i in. "An ALMA Survey of CO Isotopologue Emission from Protoplanetary Disks in Chamaeleon I". IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625159.
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The mass of a protoplanetary disk limits the formation and future growth of any planet. Masses of protoplanetary disks are usually calculated from measurements of the dust continuum emission by assuming an interstellar gas-to-dust ratio. To investigate the utility of CO as an alternate probe of disk mass, we use ALMA to survey (CO)-C-13 and (CO)-O-18 J = 3-2 line emission from a sample of 93 protoplanetary disks around stars and brown dwarfs with masses from 0.03 to 2 M-circle dot in the nearby Chamaeleon I star-forming region. We detect (CO)-C-13 emission from 17 sources and (CO)-O-18 from only one source. Gas masses for disks are then estimated by comparing the CO line luminosities to results from published disk models that include CO freeze-out and isotope-selective photodissociation. Under the assumption of a typical interstellar medium CO-to-H-2 ratio of 10(-4), the resulting gas masses are implausibly low, with an average gas mass of similar to 0.05M(Jup) as inferred from the average flux of stacked (CO)-C-13 lines. The low gas masses and gas-to-dust ratios for Cha I disks are both consistent with similar results from disks in the Lupus star-forming region. The faint CO line emission may instead be explained if disks have much higher gas masses, but freeze-out of CO or complex C-bearing molecules is underestimated in disk models. The conversion of CO flux to CO gas mass also suffers from uncertainties in disk structures, which could affect gas temperatures. CO emission lines will only be a good tracer of the disk mass when models for C and CO depletion are confirmed to be accurate.
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Said, Alan Verfasser], i Sahin [Akademischer Betreuer] [Albayrak. "Evaluating the Accuracy and Utility of Recommender Systems / Alan Said. Betreuer: Sahin Albayrak". Berlin : Universitätsbibliothek der Technischen Universität Berlin, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1033891312/34.
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Zorzi, Avendaño Pablo Ignacio. "Design and construction of an optical systems for a 31- 45 GHz radioastronomical receiver". Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/113708.
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Doctor en Ingeniería EléctricaEl Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) es el observatorio astronómico más grande jamás construido. Se encuentra en el llano de Chajnantor, a una altura de 5.000 metros sobre el nivel del mar en el norte de Chile. Consiste en un conjunto de 66 antenas capaces de detectar fuentes de señal muy débil que nos llegan desde el espacio más profundo. El instrumento de detección en cada antena consiste en 10 receptores heterodinos de doble polarización y de muy alta sensibilidad que cubren la gama de frecuencia entre 30 a 950 GHz. En particular, el receptor de la Banda-1 está diseñado para cubrir la ventana espectral 31 45 GHz. Esta banda dará ayuda a los astrónomos a traer nueva luz en estudios de Anisotropías en el fondo de radiación cósmica, alta resolución del efecto Sunyaev-Zel ' dovich, detectar imágenes de gas de clúster a diferentes redshifts, estudios de lentes gravitacionales y monitoreo y mapeo del medio interestelar frío a intermedio y alto corrimiento al rojo. El objetivo de esta tesis consiste en diseñar y construir un completo sistema óptico para un receptor prototipo de radio astronomía que trabaje entre los 30 a 45 GHz y que cumpla con las especificaciones de la Banda 1 de ALMA. El sistema óptico incluye una lente, una bocina y un transductor Orthomodal de polarizaciones. Cada uno de estos componentes de microondas fueron diseñadas utilizando modelos teóricos existentes y que son bien conocidos, y luego fueron optimizados utilizando un software comercial numérico muy avanzado. Una vez que se encontró el modelo deseado, el dispositivo fue construido y caracterizado. Cada uno de los tres dispositivos que fueron desarrollados y luego construidos en nuestro laboratorio, presenta excelentes prestaciones y de buen acuerdo entre las mediciones experimentales y simulaciones. Además, una parte importante de esta tesis estuvo muy involucrada en el desarrollo y la construcción de una cámara anecoica de campo cercana que fue utilizada para medir los patrones de radiación de la bocina y también del sistema integrado por la bocina y la lente. Los logros más importantes de esta tesis fueron dos. (i) el desarrollo de un diseño de bocina de tipo spline-line muy compacta y que genera patrones de radiación de muy alta calidad. (ii) un separador de polarización ortogonal de señales que es muy compacto y compatible con un gran ancho de banda.
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Kindle, Jacob, i Travis Clamon. "Eliminating Data Redundancy: Our Solution for Database Discovery using Alma/Primo". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3958.
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East Tennessee State University recently adopted Alma & Primo and was suprised by the lack of an A-Z database discovery module. Frustrated by having to maintain electronic resources separately on our library website and in Alma, we embarked on a goal to eliminate redundancy and use Alma/Primo exclusively. This presentation will cover our entire workflow in both Alma & Primo and the issues we encountered along the way. I'll first go over our process in Alma including MARC record creation, electronic collection setup, and the top level collection module. Next, I'll cover our workflow in Primo including normalization rules, scoping, PNX display, facets, and code table changes. The last section will cover the Primo X-Services API and how it was developed into an A-Z Database list.
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Amstutz, James L. "Transition from a church board structure to a shepherd led system in a local congregation". Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2001. http://www.tren.com.
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Huang, An-Lun. "Security primitives for ultra-low power sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks An-Lun (Alan) Huang". Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05052008-110318/.
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Gervais, Trevor Joseph. "Defining Unlikely Candidates Across Electoral Systems: A Comparative Analysis of Barack Obama and Alan García". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/579150.
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Defining candidates is a longstanding tradition in political science. It makes it possible to form a greater understanding of how candidates are influenced by electoral systems and how they operate within those systems. Significant research has been completed to understand the impacts of electoral systems on candidates that seek public office and strong definitions have been developed for outsider candidates who rise to power despite existing outside of the traditional party system. However, little attention has been paid to candidates who exist within the traditional party structure but still cannot be classified as likely to find electoral success. Yet despite the odds against them, these candidates do win elections and it is important to understand the factors that allow this to occur so that the role of unlikely candidates can be better conceptualized. The purpose of this thesis is to develop a greater understanding of these unlikely candidates and form a definition that can be utilized across various electoral systems. This definition will then be applied to two candidates in separate systems to confirm its utility regardless of each country's individual electoral laws.
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Quiñón, Aarón, Almendra Rodríguez i Jair Alva. "Presidents in trouble: Presidential approval of Alan García (2005-2011) and Ollanta Humala (2011-2016)". Politai, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/91602.
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Peru not only is a presidentialist country, but also is a democracy without parties and a state with poor politic system institutionalized. In this context, the president’s leadership is important to explain the dynamic politic of the country. Since the return of democracy in 2001, presidents enter with high levels of approval but end with low levels. Paradoxically, that dynamic develop in a context of growth economic and boom of commodities, debating with main explains of politic behavior focus in economic performance, party affiliation and politic leadership. However, the discussion about relationship with politic system and president’s dynamic in presidential approval was little. From an analysis of the processes and politics dynamics to the governments of Alan García (2006-2011) and Ollanta Humala (2011-2016), this investigation argues that there is a close relationship begin politic system post-Fujimori and highs levels of presidential’s disapprove. In that sense, the high level of presidential’s disapprove will be reflection of a political class delegitimized due to the permanence of an anti-government discourse, breach of electoral promises, absence of a solid party apparatus and a poorly redistributive economic system, these being the characteristics of the post-Fujimori political system. Finally, president’s personality, his management capacity and initiative, and control of politics joints will be crucial to demonstrate fragility of presidential figure. In this way, the dynamic of economic growth has demonstrated the institutional poverty of Peruvian political system demonstrating in the presidential disapproval.El Perú es un país presidencialista que ha sido, además, caracterizado como una democracia sin partidos y un sistema político escasamente institucionalizado. En este contexto, el liderazgo presidencial es importante para explicar la dinámica política del país. Desde el retorno a la democracia en el 2001, los presidentes ingresan con altos niveles de aprobación y culminan con niveles muy bajos. Paradójicamente, esta dinámica se desarrolla en un contexto de crecimiento económico y el boom de los commodities, discutiendo con las principales explicaciones de comportamiento político centradas en desempeño económico, la afiliación partidaria y liderazgo político. Sin embargo, poco se ha discutido sobre la relación entre el sistema político y la dinámica presente en la aprobación presidencial. A partir de un análisis de los procesos y dinámicas políticas de los gobiernos de Alan García (2005 -2011) y Ollanta Humala (2011-2016), la presente investigación sostiene que existe una estrecha relación entre el sistema político peruano post-Fujimori y los elevados niveles de desaprobación presidencial. En este sentido, la alta desaprobación presidencial será el reflejo de una clase política deslegitimada debido a la permanencia de un discurso antipartido, incumplimiento de las promesas electorales, ausencia de un aparato partidario sólido y un sistema económico poco redistributivo, siendo estas las características del sistema político post-Fujimori. Finalmente, la personalidad del presidente, su capacidad de gestión e iniciativa, y el manejo de las coyunturas políticas serán cruciales para demostrar la fragilidad de la figura presidencial. De esta manera, la dinámica de crecimiento económico ha evidenciado la precariedad institucional del sistema político peruano reflejándose en la desaprobación presidencial.
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Markov, Georgi, i Olga Druzhinina. "Towards an industrial ALM (Application Lifecycle) Tool Integration". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-4282.
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Context. Application Lifecycle Management refers to the coordination of all aspects of software engineering, through a collection of integrated software development tools. More and more organizations are heavily relying on the ALM tools nowadays. Objectives. In this study we research ALM first as a business strategy, its roots, its advantages and disadvantages. As well as making a theoretical research, we seek out the setbacks of the practical side of ALM in order to find the areas needed for improvement, by investigating the ALM’s existing tools, interviewing ALM’s users, and using gained statistical data to derive practical facts about ALM. The goal of the thesis is to find out how ALM can be improved. Methods. The vast amount of sources, including articles, books, and journals is used to support our arguments and conclusions. A long online survey was carried with many participants to understand the practical side of ALM, as well as gain access to information about ALM’s setbacks. Results. The problems of ALM are recognized and named. Proposals are made in respect of how to deal with these problems. A list of what options need to be studied in the future, in order to improve the overall ALM design, and make it a powerful tool, is presented. A detailed plan for further research regarding this highly important issue is presented. Conclusions. We conclude that there are several ALM tool options on the market, all having their strengths and weaknesses. But in order for ALM to become an industrial solution and to be truly successful and effective in supporting the broader goals of the different organizations using it, the requests of the stakeholders towards deeper semantic integration between the various tool involved in the ALM processes need to be embodied in the current ALM offerings. We conclude that further research is needed in order to assess the proposals, and test the design ideas that are presented in the last chapter of this thesis.This thesis concerns the authors and stakeholders of ALM. With the technological achievements taking place every day, and competition being very high, it is important to get the software product ready for release on time and of good quality. The current tools for managing of the application’s lifecycle are incoherent in terms of tool integration. In this thesis we describe the setbacks of ALM, according to interviewed stakeholders and authors of journals, articles and books. We conclude our thesis with the several proposed design options that may succeed in making ALM strong and consistent in the future. The proposed design mainly concerns the integration problems, and provides several potential solutions, aiming at easy to use and integrate tools. Further research areas are explained, and stated.
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Johansson, Jimmy. "A first principles study of the thermodynamics of phase separating systems -The examples RhPd and AlZn-". Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-18517.
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A screened GPM approach in an EMTO-CPA framework was investigated in order to study its ability of describing transition temperatures in phase separating systems, i. e. systems giving either a random or a cluster structure depending on the temperature and the relative concentration of the ingoing atoms of the binary alloy used for the study. A motivation for the study is that the method works well for ordering systems, i. e. systems giving either a random or ordered structure dependent on the temperature and the relative concentration of the components in the binary alloy. Thereby is it of interest to find out the methods capacity in phase separating systems. The so called GPM potentials derived in the approach were applied in statistical Monte Carlo simulations for this purpose. The systems chosen for the investigation were the RhPd and the AlZn binary alloy systems. For both systems the method showed acceptable accuracy when properties as lattice parameter and mixing enthalpy were calculated. The quality of the derived GPM potentials has also been checked by calculating ordering energy for different ordered structures; directly from first principles calculations and from the GPM approach. The results were in acceptable agreement and thereby indicating that the GPM potentials were reliable. The transition temperatures in the RhPd phase diagram, derived by the statistical Monte Carlo simulations showed anyway deviation from experimental results. The error in the predictions might be due to the existing concentration dependencies in the GPM potentials.The conclusion from this study is that the Monte Carlo scheme might be inconvenient in order to handle the concentration dependencies seen in the GPM potentials.
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Prskalo, Alen-Pilip Verfasser], i Siegfried [Akademischer Betreuer] [Schmauder. "Molecular dynamics simulations of Si, SiC and Si3N4 layered systems / Alen-Pilip Prskalo. Betreuer: Siegfried Schmauder". Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1035757265/34.
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Prskalo, Alen-Pilip [Verfasser], i Siegfried [Akademischer Betreuer] Schmauder. "Molecular dynamics simulations of Si, SiC and Si3N4 layered systems / Alen-Pilip Prskalo. Betreuer: Siegfried Schmauder". Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1035757265/34.
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Cavalié, T. "Observations millimétriques et sub-millimétriques des composé oxygénés dans les atmosphères planétaires. Préparation aux missions Herschel et Alma". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00350272.
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Les domaines millimétrique et submillimétrique sont des domaines qui permettent de caractériser la physico-chimie des atmosphères planétaires par l'observation des molécules qui les composent. Le télescope spatial Herschel et l'interféromètre ALMA, qui
entreront prochainement en service, permettront d'améliorer considérablement notre connaissance des atmosphères planétaires.
L'un des principaux objectifs de cette thèse est de développer un modèle d'analyse des observations millimétriques et submillimètriques qui seront effectuées avec Herschel et ALMA. C'est en ce sens que nous détaillons un modèle qui tient compte de la géométrie sphérique des corps observés et des spécificités instrumentales propres aux télescopes utilisés.
Dans un premier temps, ce qui a permis notamment de valider notre modèle de transfert radiatif, nous avons étudié l'origine des
composés oxygénés dans les atmosphères des planètes géantes. Nous présentons l'analyse d'observations de Saturne et d'Uranus, effectuées avec les télescopes de l'IRAM et du JCMT, pour contraindre les sources de monoxyde de carbone dans ces atmosphères. Nous améliorons ainsi les limites supérieures précédemment publiées et réalisons la première observation du monoxyde de carbone dans l'atmosphère de Saturne dans
le domaine submillimètrique. Cette observation prouve l'existence d'une source externe pour ce composé. Nous analysons également des observations récentes de Jupiter, effectuées par le télescope spatial Odin, pour contraindre l'origine externe de l'eau dans la stratosphère de cette planète. Les observations confirment que la chute de la comète Shoemaker-Levy~9 est vraisemblablement la source principale d'eau.
Dans un second temps, nous avons appliqué notre modèle à l'étude de la structure thermique et la dynamique de l'atmosphère de Mars, à partir d'observations du monoxyde de carbone. Ces observations sont comparées aux prédictions d'un modèle de circulation générale, ce qui permet de vérifier la validité de ses prédictions et de fournir de nouvelles contraintes observationnelles pour ce type de modélisations.
Enfin, nous avons appliqué notre modèle à l'étude des planètes géantes avec le télescope spatial Herschel, dans le cadre du programme-clé de temps garanti du télescope spatial Herschel "Water and related chemistry in the Solar System''. Nous avons également identifié les améliorations à apporter à notre modèle pour analyser des observations ALMA.
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Mertens, Alan Verfasser], Anett [Akademischer Betreuer] Schallmey i Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] [Schwaneberg. "Untersuchung verschiedener Ein- und Dreikomponenten-P450-Systeme für die Anwendung in der Biokatalyse / Alan Mertens ; Anett Schallmey, Ulrich Schwaneberg". Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1125972793/34.
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Alin, Andreas Berthold [Verfasser], i Martin V. [Akademischer Betreuer] Butz. "On-Board Vehicle Tracking and Behavior Anticipation for Advanced Driver Assistance Systems / Andreas Berthold Alin ; Betreuer: Martin V. Butz". Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1196981078/34.
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Mertens, Alan [Verfasser], Anett [Akademischer Betreuer] Schallmey i Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Schwaneberg. "Untersuchung verschiedener Ein- und Dreikomponenten-P450-Systeme für die Anwendung in der Biokatalyse / Alan Mertens ; Anett Schallmey, Ulrich Schwaneberg". Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:82-rwth-2016-008182.
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Mertens, Alan [Verfasser], Anett Akademischer Betreuer] Schallmey i Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] [Schwaneberg. "Untersuchung verschiedener Ein- und Dreikomponenten-P450-Systeme für die Anwendung in der Biokatalyse / Alan Mertens ; Anett Schallmey, Ulrich Schwaneberg". Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1125972793/34.
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Alin, Andreas [Verfasser], i Martin V. [Akademischer Betreuer] Butz. "On-Board Vehicle Tracking and Behavior Anticipation for Advanced Driver Assistance Systems / Andreas Berthold Alin ; Betreuer: Martin V. Butz". Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1196981078/34.
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Schill, Markus Michael [Verfasser], Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] Buss, Alin [Gutachter] Albu-Schäffer i Martin [Gutachter] Buss. "Hybrid System Stabilization and Robot Motion Planning for Robust Catching / Markus Michael Schill ; Gutachter: Alin Albu-Schäffer, Martin Buss ; Betreuer: Martin Buss". München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1193650399/34.
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Pröbstl, Alma [Verfasser], Samarjit [Akademischer Betreuer] Chakraborty, Andreas [Gutachter] Jossen, Qi [Gutachter] Zhu i Samarjit [Gutachter] Chakraborty. "Multi-Scale System Design and Management for Battery Health Optimization / Alma Pröbstl ; Gutachter: Andreas Jossen, Qi Zhu, Samarjit Chakraborty ; Betreuer: Samarjit Chakraborty". München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1220320706/34.
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Calayir, Enes. "Heterogeneous Integration of AlN MEMS Contour-Mode Resonators and CMOS Circuits". Research Showcase @ CMU, 2017. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/1084.
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The increasing demand for high performance and miniature high frequency electronics has motivated the development of Micro-electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) resonators, some of which have already become a commercial success for the making of filters, duplexers and oscillators used in radio frequency (RF) front-end systems for portable electronic devices. These MEMS components not only enable size, power and cost reduction with respect to their existing counterparts, but also open exciting opportunities for implementing new functionalities when used in large arrays. Almost all MEMS resonators require interfacing with one or more Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuit components or modules in processing raw signals from individual MEMS devices. Hence, these devices should be integrated with CMOS circuits in an efficient and robust way in order to facilitate their deployment in large arrays with minimal parasitics, delay and power losses due to signal routing and CMOS-MEMS interconnects. Among the MEMS resonators developed to date, Aluminum Nitride (AlN) MEMS Contour-Mode Resonators (CMRs) offer high electro-mechanical coupling coefficient (𝑘𝑡2) and quality factor (Q), and a center frequency (f0) that can be set lithographically by varying the device in-plane dimensions. Also, AlN MEMS CMRs can be fabricated using state-of-the-art CMOS processes and micromachining techniques. These properties allow the synthesis of multi-frequency band-pass filters (BPFs) on a single chip with a low insertion loss and the capability of direct matching to 50 Ω systems. All these advantages, along with a sufficiently mature fabrication process, make AlN CMRs one of the ideal candidates for pursuing their integration with CMOS technology and implement high performance filters with programming capability. In this work we develop for the first time a three-dimensional (3D) heterogeneously integrated AlN MEMS-CMOS platform that enables the realization of such systems as self- healing filters for RF front-ends and programmable filter arrays for cognitive radios. We collaborated with the A*STAR, Institute of Microelectronics (IME), Singapore in the development of AlN MEMS platform on an 8" silicon (Si) wafer; on the other hand, CMOS chips were fabricated in 65 nm International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) and 28 nm Samsung processes. Solder bumps were placed on CMOS chips by Tag and Label Manufacturers Institute (TLMI) under the supervision of Metal Oxide Semiconductor Implementation Service (MOSIS). We demonstrated 3D integrated chip stacks with primary RF signal routing on MEMS and on CMOS for self-healing filters, and showcased the other system via wire-bonding to off-the-shelf CMOS components on a printed circuit board (PCB) because of the inability to continue to have access to the CMOS wafers and bumping processes over the last two years of the project.
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Loiseau, Sébastien. "Développement d'un procédé industriel de fabrication de résonateurs Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS) à structure métal / nitrure d'aluminium (AlN) / métal". Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN2042.
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NXP Semiconductors (Caen) a souhaité industrialiser un MEMS RF intégrable, accordable et bon marché via le projet TFEAR, à partir d’un procédé de laboratoire utilisant les propriétés piézoélectriques de l’AlN. Ce résonateur permettrait de remplacer le quartz pour palier son encombrement. Son fonctionnement en mode élongation permet un ajustement précis de la fréquence de résonance par simple modification des masques de photolithographies. Il est constitué de l’alliage d’aluminium AlSiCu servant d’électrode standard dans les procédés de production de l’industriel et de l’AlN, déposés par pulvérisation cathodique en mode DC. Le travail exploratoire des conditions de dépôt des différentes couches a permis d’obtenir des coefficients piézoélectriques d33,f allant jusqu’à 2 pm. V-1 (maximum théorique de 3,93 pm. V-1). Parallèlement, l’adaptation du procédé de fabrication aux outils industriels a nécessité des tests de faisabilité. La difficulté majeure réside dans la mauvaise sélectivité de gravure entre l’AlN et l’AlSiCu lors de la gravure de l’AlN. Néanmoins, des facteurs de qualité allant jusqu’à 1400 et une résistance motionnelle inférieure à 1 kΩ ont été mesurés pour des fréquences de résonance entre 15 et 20 MHz. Ceci montre la faisabilité industrielle de ce projet. La cessation des activités de NXP sur le site de Caen suite à un plan social, a réorienté la thèse vers une caractérisation plus poussée des films d’AlN en laboratoire. Ceci a permis de mettre en évidence la corrélation des propriétés piézoélectriques avec la qualité cristalline de l’AlSiCu, la taille des cristallites de l’AlN et les contraintes internes (de cisaillement) contenues dans la coucheNXP Semiconductors (Caen, France) planed to invest in TFEAR project involving industrialization of low cost, integrable and tunable RF MEMS resonator, based on a laboratory process using piezoelectric properties of AlN. This resonator should replace quartz resonator due to its compactness. The resonance frequency can be easily tuned by changing the photolithographic masks because the resonator works in the extensional mode. It is made up of aluminum based AlSiCu that is standard electrodes in industrial process and piezoelectric AlN, both prepared by DC magnetron sputtering. Exploring the deposition conditions of layers forming the resonator allowed d33,f coefficient of 2 pm. V-1 (for a theoretical maximum of 3. 93 pm. V-1). At the same time, adaptation of the process to industrial tools required feasibility study. The poor etching selectivity between aluminum and AlN during etching of AlN was found to be the main difficulty. However, electrical characterizations of resonators showed the industrial feasibility of such a project since quality factor of 1400 and motional resistance less than 1 kΩ were measured, for resonance frequencies between 15 and 20 MHz. The closing down of NXP Semiconductors factory of Caen diverted part of the PhD work into more microstructural characterizations in laboratory. This allows the more detailed study of relationship between d33,f coefficient and AlSiCu crystalline quality, as well as AlN crystallite sizes and stress (shear) in AlN layers
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Cavalie, Thibaut. "Observations millimétriques et submillimétriques des composés oxygénés dans les atmosphères planétaires : préparation aux missions Hershel et ALMA". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13626/document.
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Les domaines millimétrique et submillimétrique sont des domaines qui permettent de caractériser la physico-chimie des atmosphères planétaires par l'observation des molécules qui les composent. Le télescope spatial Herschel et l'interféromètre ALMA, qui entreront prochainement en service, permettront d'améliorer considérablement notre connaissance des atmosphères planétaires. L'un des principaux objectifs de cette thèse est de développer un modèle d'analyse des observations millimétriques et submillimétriques qui seront effectuées avec Herschel et ALMA. C'est en ce sens que nous détaillons un modèle qui tient compte de la géométrie sphérique des corps observés et des spécificités instrumentales propres aux télescopes utilisés. Dans un premier temps, ce qui a permis notamment de valider notre modèle de transfert radiatif, nous avons étudié l'origine des composés oxygénés dans les atmosphères des planètes géantes. Nous présentons l'analyse d'observations de Saturne et d'Uranus, effectuées avec les télescopes de l'IRAM et du JCMT, pour contraindre les sources de monoxyde de carbone dans ces atmosphères. Nous améliorons ainsi les limites supérieures précédemment publiées et réalisons la première observation du monoxyde de carbone dans l'atmosphère de Saturne dans le domaine submillimétrique. Cette observation prouve l'existence d'une source externe pour ce composé. Nous analysons également des observations récentes de Jupiter, effectuées par le télescope spatial Odin, pour contraindre l'origine externe de l'eau dans la stratosphère de cette planète. Les observations confirment que la chute de la comète Shoemaker-Levy~9 est vraisemblablement la source principale d'eau. Dans un second temps, nous avons appliqué notre modèle à l'étude de la structure thermique et la dynamique de l'atmosphère de Mars, à partir d'observations du monoxyde de carbone. Ces observations sont comparées aux prédictions d'un modèle de circulation générale, ce qui permet de vérifier la validité de ses prédictions et de fournir de nouvelles contraintes observationnelles pour ce type de modélisations. Enfin, nous avons appliqué notre modèle à l'étude des planètes géantes avec le télescope spatial Herschel, dans le cadre du programme-clé de temps garanti du télescope spatial Herschel ``Water and related chemistry in the Solar System''. Nous avons également identifié les améliorations à apporter à notre modèle pour analyser des observations ALMAThe planetary atmospheres can be characterized by observations carried out in the millimeter and submillimeter wavelength ranges. In a near future, the Herschel Space Observatory as well as the ALMA interferometer will increase our knowledge of the planet atmospheres. One of the main goals of this thesis work consists in developping an analysis tool for millimeter and submillimeter observations, which will be carried out with Herschel and ALMA. The model we have developped takes into account the spherical geometry of the planets and the properties of the telescopes. First, we have studied the origin of oxygen compounds in the atmospheres of the giant planets. We have validated our radiative transfer model from this study. We present the analysis of observations of carbon monoxide in the atmospheres of Saturn and Uranus, which have been carried out with the IRAM and JCMT telescopes, in order to constrain the origin of this compound. We improve existing upper limits and prove the existence of an external source of carbon monoxide in the atmosphere of Saturn from the first observation of this compound at submillimeter wavelengths. We also analyse recent observations from the Odin space telescope of water vapor in the stratosphere of Jupiter to constrain its external source. We confirm that the observed water is probably mostly due to the collision of comet Shoemaker-Levy~9 with the planet. Then, we have used our model in order to study the thermal structure as well as the dynamics of the atmosphere of Mars from carbon monoxide observations. These observations are compared to predictions of a general circulation model to check the consistency of the predictions. They also provide new observational constraints to general circulation models. Finally, we have used our model to study the atmospheres of the giant planets in the frame of the Herschel garanteed time key-program ``Water and related chemistry in the Solar System''. We have also determined the upgrades to implement in our model to analyse ALMA observational data
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Stöckel, Chris. "Piezoelektrische Aluminiumnitrid-Dünnschichten für mikroelektromechanische Systeme". Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-215293.
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In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden der Entwurf, die Technologie und die Parameteridentifikation von Silizium basierten mikroelektromechanischen Systemen (MEMS) mit piezoelektrischen Dünnschicht-Aluminiumnitrid (AlN) vorgestellt. Auf Basis des AlNs als elektromechanischer Wandler erfolgt die Fertigung eines MEMS Technologiedemonstrators für energiearme Inertialsensoren. Das AlN wird über einen reaktiven Sputterprozess auf einer Wachstumsschicht abgeschieden. Durch Parametervariation des reaktiven Sputterprozesses und der Wachstumsschicht werden die piezoelektrischen Eigenschaften des AlNs optimiert. Die Entwicklung einer Gesamttechnologie führt zu einer Integration des Dünnschicht-AlNs in Silizium-Mikromechaniken. Die Röntgenbeugung (XRD) ermöglicht die Kristallstruktur des AlNs zu qualifizieren. Darüber hinaus werden weitere Analysemethoden vorgestellt, die eine hoch genaue und reproduzierbare messtechnische Bestimmung der piezoelektrischen Koeffizienten aus mikromechanischen Messstrukturen ermöglichen. Die Determination der piezoelektrischen Koeffizienten des Dünnschicht-AlNs aus den Messstrukturen erfolgt mittels analytischen und FE Modellen sowie der Laser-Doppler-Vibrometrie (LDV). Der Fokus der Arbeit liegt hierbei auf der Identifikation der longitudinalen und transversalen piezoelektrischen Ladungskoeffizienten des AlNs. Als Technologiedemonstrator wird ein einachsiger Inertialsensor mit integriertem piezoelektrischen Dünnschicht-AlN vorgestellt. Das MEMS generiert aufgrund des piezoelektrischen Wandlers intrinsisch elektrische Ladungen bei Einwirkung einer mechanischen Energie. Dadurch ist keine elektrische Energiezufuhr für die Messung eines inertialen Ereignisses notwendig. Der vorgestellte Demonstrator wird hinsichtlich seiner Ladungs- und Spannungssensitivität optimiert. Zur theoretischen Beschreibung der Funktionsweise werden analytische, sowie FE und SPICE Modelle genutzt. Eine Charakterisierung des MEMS Bauelements erfolgt hinsichtlich der mechanischen und elektrischen EigenschaftenThe thesis includes the design, the technology and the parameter identification of silicon-based microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) with piezoelectric thin film of aluminum nitride (AlN). A low-energy inertial sensor as technology demonstrator based on AlN as an electromechanical transducer a MEMS manufacturing process is shown. The AlN is deposited via a reactive sputtering on a growth layer. By varying parameters of the reactive sputtering and the growth layer of AlN, the piezoelectric properties can be optimized. The development of an overall technology results to an integration of the thin film AlNs in silicon micromechanics. X-ray diffraction (XRD) allows to qualify the crystal structure of AlN. Further methods are developed that enable a highly accurate and repeatable metrological determination of piezoelectric coefficients measurement structures. The determination of piezoelectric coefficients of the thin film AlN from the measurement structures is resulting from analytical methods and FE models and the laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV). The identification of the longitudinal and transverse piezoelectric charge coefficient of AlN is one main focus of this work. A uniaxial inertial sensor with an integrated piezoelectric thin film of AlN is presented as technology demonstrator. The piezoelectric transducer of the MEMS is generating electric charges intrinsically as reaction of mechanical stress. Thus, no electric power supply for the measurement of an inertial event is necessary. The presented demonstrator has been optimized with respect to its charge and voltage sensitivity. For a theoretical description analytical and FE and SPICE models are used. A characterization of the MEMS device is carried out with regard to the mechanical and electrical properties
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Guisse, Amadou Wane. "Trial application of a computer based transportation planning network : Muncie, Indiana". Virtual Press, 1989. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/562786.
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The purpose of this project was to apply the Quick Response System II (QRS II), developed by Alan J. Horowitz, Center for Urban Transportation Studies, University of Milwaukee-Wisconsin, to the city of Muncie, Indiana.The QRS II model is one example of recent computer models intended for micro-computers, which may be useful for smaller cities with limited planning staff or computer capabilities. The main point is to be able to forecast the impacts of urban developments on highway traffic and the impacts of highway projects on travel pattern.QRS II determines the total number of person-trips generated by each zone of the study area. It accomplishes this step for three trip purposes: home-based work, home-based nonwork, nonhome-based trips. It then distributes these trips from any given origin zone to any given destination, converts highway person-trips to vehicle-trips and assigns them to the links in the highway network based on travel time, and finally split the number of person-trips between transit and automobiles. QRS II also was used to determine the impact of new construction on the surrounding street system.The purpose of the pro t was not to do a complete transportation study. It was rather a test application of QRS II using the 1980 census data of the city of Muncie. We simply tried to get QRS II set up, running, and calibrated according to the findings of the model. The following chapters show the theory behind it, the different outputs, the advantages and limitations.Department of Urban Planning
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Muraraşu, Alin Florindor [Verfasser], Arndt [Akademischer Betreuer] Bode i Hans-Joachim [Akademischer Betreuer] Bungartz. "Advanced Optimization Techniques for Sparse Grids on Modern Heterogeneous Systems / Alin Florindor Murarasu. Gutachter: Hans-Joachim Bungartz ; Arndt Bode. Betreuer: Arndt Bode". München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2013. http://d-nb.info/104132300X/34.
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Muraraşu, Alin Florindor Verfasser], Arndt [Akademischer Betreuer] Bode i Hans-Joachim [Akademischer Betreuer] [Bungartz. "Advanced Optimization Techniques for Sparse Grids on Modern Heterogeneous Systems / Alin Florindor Murarasu. Gutachter: Hans-Joachim Bungartz ; Arndt Bode. Betreuer: Arndt Bode". München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:91-diss-20130726-1137973-0-0.
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Tsvetkova, Galina Valeryevna. "An autonomous long-term fast reactor system and the principal design limitations of the concept". Diss., Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/36.
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The objectives of this dissertation were to find a principal domain of promising and technologically feasible reactor physics characteristics for a multi-purpose, modular-sized, lead-cooled, fast neutron spectrum reactor fueled with an advanced uranium-transuranic-nitride fuel and to determine the principal limitations for the design of an autonomous long-term multi-purpose fast reactor (ALM-FR) within the principal reactor physics characteristic domain. The objectives were accomplished by producing a conceptual design for an ALM-FR and by analysis of the potential ALM-FR performance characteristics. The ALM-FR design developed in this dissertation is based on the concept of a secure transportable autonomous reactor for hydrogen production (STAR-H2) and represents further refinement of the STAR-H2 concept towards an economical, proliferation-resistant, sustainable, multi-purpose nuclear energy system. The development of the ALM-FR design has been performed considering this reactor within the frame of the concept of a self-consistent nuclear energy system (SCNES) that satisfies virtually all of the requirements for future nuclear energy systems: efficient energy production, safety, self-feeding, non-proliferation, and radionuclide burning. The analysis takes into consideration a wide range of reactor design aspects including selection of technologically feasible fuels and structural materials, core configuration optimization, dynamics and safety of long-term operation on one fuel loading, and nuclear material non-proliferation. Plutonium and higher actinides are considered as essential components of an advanced fuel that maintains long-term operation. Flexibility of the ALM-FR with respect to fuel compositions is demonstrated acknowledging the principal limitations of the long-term burning of plutonium and higher actinides. To ensure consistency and accuracy, the modeling has been performed using state-of-the-art computer codes developed at Argonne National Laboratory. As a result of the computational analysis performed in this work, the ALM-FR design provides for the possibility of continuous operation during about 40 years on one fuel loading containing mixture of depleted uranium with plutonium and higher actinides. All reactor physics characteristics of the ALM-FR are kept within technological limits ensuring safety of ultra-long autonomous operation. The results obtained provide for identification of physical features of the ALM-FR that significantly influence flexibility of the design and its applications. The special emphasis is given to existing limitations on the utilization of higher actinides as a fuel component.
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Alling, Björn. "Configurational and Magnetic Interactions in Multicomponent Systems". Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Teoretisk Fysik, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-60446.
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This thesis is a theoretical study of configurational and magnetic interactions in multicomponent solids. These interactions are the projections onto the configurational and magnetic degrees of freedom of the underlying electronic quantum mechanical system, and can be used to model, explain and predict the properties of materials. For example, the interactions govern temperature induced configurational and magnetic order-disorder transitions in Heusler alloys and ternary nitrides. In particular three perspectives are studied. The first is how the interactions can be derived from first-principles calculations at relevant physical conditions. The second is their consequences, like the critical temperatures for disordering, obtained with e.g. Monte Carlo simulations. The third is their origin in terms of the underlying electronic structure of the materials. Intrinsic defects in the half-Heusler system NiMnSb are studied and it is found that low-energy defects do not destroy the important half-metallic property at low concentrations. Deliberate doping of NiMnSb with 3d-metals is considered and it is found that replacing some Ni with extra Mn or Cr creates new strong magnetic interactions which could be beneficial for applications at elevated temperature. A self-consistent scheme to include the effects of thermal expansion and one-electron excitations in the calculation of the magnetic critical temperature is introduced and applied to a study of Ni1−xCuxMnSb. A supercell implementation of the disordered local moments approach is suggested and benchmarked for the treatment of paramagnetic CrN as a disordered magnetic phase. It is found that the orthorhombic-to-cubic phase transition in this nitride can be understood as a first-order magnetic order-disorder transition. The ferromagnetism in Ti1−xCrxN solid solutions, an unusual property in nitrides, is explained in terms of a charge transfer induced change in the Cr-Cr magnetic interactions. Cubic Ti1−xAlxN solid solutions displays a complex and concentration dependent phase separation tendency. A unified cluster expansion method is presented that can be used to simulate the configurational thermodynamics of this system. It is shown that short range clustering do influence the free energy of mixing but only slightly change the isostructural phase diagram as compared to mean-field estimates.
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Alwadani, Dhaifallah. "Hybrid multicasting using Automatic Multicast Tunnels (AMT)". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/26026.
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Native Multicast plays an important role in distributing and managing delivery of some of the most popular Internet applications, such as IPTV and media delivery. However, due to patchy support and the existence of multiple approaches for Native Multicast, the support for Native Multicast is fragmented into isolated areas termed Multicast Islands. This renders Native Multicast unfit to be used as an Internet wide application. Instead, Application Layer Multicast, which does not have such network requirements but is more expensive in terms of bandwidth and overhead, can be used to connect the native multicast islands. This thesis proposes Opportunistic Native Multicast (ONM) which employs Application LayerMulticast (ALM), on top of a DHT-based P2P overlay network, and Automatic Multicast Tunnelling (AMT) to connect these islands. ALM will be used for discovery and initiating the AMT tunnels. The tunnels will encapsulate the traffic going between islands' Primary Nodes (PNs). AMT was used for its added benefits such as security and being better at traffic shaping and Quality Of Service (QoS). While different approaches for connecting multicast islands exists, the system proposed in the thesis was designed with the following characteristics in mind: scalability, availability, interoperability, self-adaptation and efficiency. Importantly, by utilising AMT tunnels, this approach has unique properties that improve network security and management.
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Schmidt, Bernd [Verfasser], Johann [Akademischer Betreuer] Reger, Alan [Akademischer Betreuer] Zinober i Enric [Akademischer Betreuer] Fossas-Colet. "H∞ Suboptimal Tracking Control for Bilinear Power Converter Systems with Dynamic Feedback - Theory and Experiment / Bernd Schmidt. Gutachter: Alan Zinober ; Enric Fossas-Colet. Betreuer: Johann Reger". Ilmenau : Universitätsbibliothek Ilmenau, 2011. http://d-nb.info/101661988X/34.
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Grant, Stephen Robert. "A Missiological perspective on a South African Chinese House Church in the light of Alan Hirsch's six elements of "Apostolic Genius"". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/40359.
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China is a world force. Not only is China seen in the daily news but it has produced the
largest church in the world. The church is 100 million people strong (Hattaway
2003:13). Since 1978, modern China has begun to populate the world community with
her immigrants. Vast Diaspora communities have been created.
The church in China shows all the signs of a Jesus People movement. In 1949 the
communist came into power. They ordered all Christian missionaries to leave the
country (Aikman 2003:44). By 1953 the last missionary had left (Thompson 1978:186).
Mao closed the churches, confiscated property, burned books and bibles and had
leaders sent to re-education camps. A time of persecution had begun. Rather than
destroy the church, this made it stronger. The church grew from 750,000 to 100 million
today.
Can this Jesus People movement be experienced in the Diaspora community in South
Africa? To evaluate this we use Allan Hirsch’s “The Forgotten Ways” (2006). In this he
speaks of Apostolic Genius and the six elements that compose it. Thos elements are
Jesus is Lord, Making Disciples, Missional-Incarnational Impulse, Apostolic
Environment, Organic Systems and Communitas. These six elements are found
expressed within a Jesus people movement. When they are all fully involved, a Jesus
People movement is underway. There are 14 Chinese Christian churches in South Africa. The Chinese Diaspora
community is 300-350,000 people. The Chinese mostly come from the Fujian province
in China. Seventy percent are entrepreneurs and businessmen running shops selling
Chinese goods. The researcher has found that the leadership of the churches is from
Taiwan. Bringing everything together, the researcher finds the churches are growing at
a moderate rate. The expected explosive growth of the church in China is not found in
South Africa. The elements of Apostolic Genius are present but only partially
expressed.
There continues to be potential for the Chinese House church movement to field
workers in South Africa. There has been some expressed interest. The Back To
Jerusalem Movement is putting missionaries all over the Middle East (Hattaway 2003).
It is the opinion of the researcher that putting workers in the Diaspora communities
would be a natural extension of that that effort.Dissertation (MA Theol)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
gm2014
Science of Religion and Missiology
unrestricted
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Hoy, Giovanna Marcella Verdessi. "Representação da narradora como experienciadora e dizente em Inés Del Alma Mía e na tradução para o português brasileiro: uma abordagem sistêmico-funcional". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2017. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/20234.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
In this research, we aim to analyze the dynamism in the Ideational representation of the narrator and protagonist, Inés, in the role of Sayer and Senser in the parallel corpus of Inés del alma mía (ALLENDE, 2006) and in its translation to Brazilian Portuguese. The theoretical approach is the Systemic Functional Linguistics (HALLIDAY, MATTHIESSEN, 2004; EGGINS, 2002) on the interface of Translation Studies (CATFORD, 1965; HALLIDA, 2001; MATTHIESSEN, 2001; RODRIGUES-JÚNIOR and OLIVEIRA, 2015), and literary text (MONTGOMERY, 1993; SIMPSON, 1993; PAGANO, 2007; RODRIGUES-JÚNIOR and BARBARA, 2013). The data were submitted to the computing program called WordSmith Tools 6.0, specifically to the Word List, to the Concordance and the View & Aligner for organization and description. In the analysis of the female representations adopts the transitivity system of Systemic Functional Linguistics. In the comparison of these representations in the Source Text (SF) and in the Target Text (TT), chooses to the concepts of Ideational-shift and Ideational Equivalence (RODRIGUES-JÚNIOR and GARCIA de OLIVEIRA, 2015)) elaborated from the Catford (1968) studies and extended by Matthiessen (2001). Two hypotheses are proposed: i) the Mental and Verbal processes contribute to the dialogical and subjective dynamism in the representation of Inés, and; ii) although the Ideational Equivalences standards are more frequent, Ideational-Shift also will be found in the Ideational representation of Inés. The analysis shows that Inés is represented as a Sayer and Senser with a high degree of dialogical and subjective dynamism, making her a character capable to affect positively the community of which she belongs. It was also identified that, although Ideational equivalence has been the translator`s standard of choice, Ideational-Shift were also detected in elements of transitivity different of the Process. These changes occurred, for example, in the Circumstances that added information of mode, intensity, and time to the Inés' Ideational representation
Nesta pesquisa, objetiva-se analisar o dinamismo na representação Ideacional da narradora e protagonista, Inés, no papel de Dizente e Experienciadora no corpus paralelo Inés del alma mía (ALLENDE, 2006) e em sua tradução para o português do Brasil. A abordagem teórica é a da Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional (HALLIDAY e MATTHIESSEN, 2004; EGGINS, 2002) na interface dos estudos da tradução (CATFORD, 1965; HALLIDAY, 2001; MATTHIESSEN, 2001; RODRIGUES-JÚNIOR e GARCIA de OLIVEIRA, 2015) e do texto literário (MONTGOMERY, 1993; SIMPSON, 1993; PAGANO, 2007; RODRIGUES-JÚNIOR e BARBARA, 2013). Os dados foram submetidos ao programa computacional WordSmith Tools 6.0, especificamente à lista de palavras (word list), ao concordanciador (concordance) e ao utilitário alinhador (view & aligner) com vistas à sua organização e descrição. Na análise das representações femininas, adota-se o sistema de transitividade da Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional. Na comparação dessas representações no texto fonte (TF) e no texto alvo (TA), opta-se pelos conceitos de mudança Ideacional e de equivalência ideacional (RODRIGUES-JÚNIOR e GARCIA de OLIVEIRA, 2015) elaborados a partir dos estudos de Catford (1968) e ampliados por Matthiessen (2001). Propõem-se duas hipóteses: i) os processos Mentais e Verbais contribuem para o dinamismo dialógico e subjetivo na representação de Inés, e; ii) embora padrões de Equivalências Ideacionais sejam mais frequentes, também serão encontradas mudanças Ideacionais na representação Ideacional de Ines. A análise mostra que Inés é representada como Dizente e Experienciadora com alto grau de dinamismo dialógico e subjetivo, tornando-a uma personagem capaz de afetar positivamente a comunidade da qual faz parte. Identificou-se também que, embora a equivalência Ideacional tenha sido o padrão de escolha do tradutor, também foram detectadas mudanças Ideacionais em elementos de transitividade diferentes do Processo. Essas mudanças ocorreram, por exemplo, nas Circunstâncias que agregaram informações de modo, de intensidade, de tempo à representação Ideacional de Inés
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FERNANDES, Fernanda Rodrigues. "Lavando a Alma: análise do contexto de uma sala de aula de língua inglesa de escola pública sob a luz da teoria do caos/complexidade". Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/2382.
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Previous issue date: 2010-09-13This research is an ethnographic case study that analyzes, in a descriptive form, the English language lessons in a second year high school classroom in a state school in the city of Goiânia. For this, we conducted a participant-observation research study, which, according to Spradley (1980), occurs when the researcher observes what happens in the research field and also participates in the activities that occur therein. The aim of this study was to know the difficulties faced by the actors in the classroom examined in order to propose what we call action or intervention to help control one of the known difficulties that, in this case was indiscipline during the English classes. Our proposed action was to carry out activities that would promote peer interaction and cooperative and/or collaborative learning, encouraging students‟ participation in the classes (FIGUEIREDO, 2006; OXFORD, 1997). During the research, we realized that several factors influenced the English classroom dynamics and thus the students‟ behavior. Therefore, the classroom under study and the issue of indiscipline in the English classes could not be seen in isolation. In order to best understand this reality, we used chaos/complexity theory (LARSEN-FREEMAN, 1997), comparing the English language classroom to a complex system. According to Larsen-Freeman (1997), complex systems are dynamic, complex, nonlinear, chaotic, unpredictable, sensitive to initial conditions, open, selforganizing, adaptive and sensitive response. By proposing this perspective of the classroom as a complex system, this study helps to understand that the difficulties experienced in the English language classroom, amongst them indiscipline, must be faced by all those who, directly or indirectly, take part in this complex system.
Este trabalho se caracteriza por ser um estudo de caso de base etnográfica que busca analisar de forma descritiva as aulas de língua inglesa de uma turma do 2º ano do ensino médio de uma escola pública estadual localizada na cidade de Goiânia. Para isso, realizamos uma observação-participante, que, segundo Spradley (1980), ocorre quando o pesquisador, além de observar o que acontece no campo de pesquisa, também participa das atividades que nele ocorrem. O objetivo deste estudo é conhecer as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos atores da sala de aula analisada a fim de propor o que denominamos de ação ou intervenção para ajudar a contornar uma das dificuldades verificadas, que, no caso, foi a indisciplina durante as aulas de inglês. Nossa proposta de ação foi a realização de atividades em pares que pudessem promover a interação e a aprendizagem colaborativa e/ou cooperativa, incentivando assim a participação ativa dos alunos nas aulas de inglês (FIGUEIREDO, 2006; OXFORD, 1997). No decorrer da pesquisa, percebemos que diversos elementos influenciam a dinâmica da sala de aula de língua inglesa investigada e, consequentemente, o comportamento dos alunos. Dessa forma, a sala de aula analisada e a questão da indisciplina nas aulas de inglês não podem ser vistas de forma isolada. Para compreendermos melhor essa realidade, utilizamos a teoria do caos/complexidade (LARSEN-FREEMAN, 1997), comparando a sala de aula de língua inglesa estudada a um sistema complexo. Isso porque ela apresenta características próprias desse tipo de sistema. Segundo Larsen-Freeman (1997), os sistemas complexos são dinâmicos, complexos, não-lineares, caóticos, imprevisíveis, sensíveis às condições iniciais, abertos, auto-organizáveis, sensíveis à resposta e adaptativos. Ao propor essa perspectiva da sala de aula como um sistema complexo, este estudo contribui para entendermos que as dificuldades vivenciadas na sala de aula de língua inglesa em questão, dentre elas a indisciplina, devem ser enfrentadas por todos aqueles que fazem parte direta ou indiretamente desse sistema complexo.
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Donado, Morcillo Carlos Alberto. "Development of lightweight and low-cost microwave components for remote-sensing applications". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51733.
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The objective of the proposed research is to design, implement, and characterize low-cost, lightweight front-end components and subsystems in the microwave domain through innovative packaging architectures for remote sensing applications. Particular emphasis is placed on system-on-package (SoP) solutions implemented in organic substrates as a low-cost alternative to conventional, expensive, rigid, and fragile radio- frequency substrates. To this end, the dielectric properties of organic substrates RT/duroid 5880, 6002 and 6202 are presented from 30 GHz to 70 GHz, covering most of the Ka and V radar bands, giving also a thorough insight on the uncertainty of the microstrip ring resonator method by means of the Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis. Additionally, an ultra-thin, high-power antenna-array technology, with transmit/ receive (T/R) functionality is introduced for mobile applications in the X band. Two lightweight SoP T/R array panels are presented in this work using novel technologies such as Silicon Germanium integrated circuits and microelectromechanical system switches on a hybrid organic package of liquid crystal polymer and RT/duroid 5880LZ. A maximum power of 47 dBm is achieved in a package with a thickness of 1.8 mm without the need of bulky thermal management devices. Finally, to address the thermal limitations of thin-film substrates of interest (liquid crystal polymer, RT/duroid 6002, alumina and Aluminum Nitride), a thermal assessment of microstrip structures is presented in the X band, along with the thermal characterization of the dielectric properties of RT/duroid 6002 from 20 ºC to 200 ºC and from 30 GHz to 70 GHz. Additional high-power, X-band technologies presented in this work include: a novel and compact topology for evanescent mode filters, and low-profile Wilkinson power dividers implemented on Aluminum Nitride using Tantalum Nitride thin-film resistors.
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Pålsson, Erik. "Materialitet och arkiv : Att förstå informationens materialitet i svenska domstolsarkiv". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för ABM, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-413420.
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This study is about information and materiality, more specifically how the different material manifestations of information affects the archivists in the Swedish Court archives. The primary focus is on how materiality affects archivists work with physical and digital information and how materiality affects the archivists themselves. This study uses interviews with archivists within the Swedish court archives as its primary source for analysis. By using primarily Actor-Network Theory and Discourse-theory alongside other scientific texts this study has shown in what ways materiality affects the daily work of archivists and their self-image. This study is relevant in many ways but primarily because there is little to none research of this kind that focuses on the court archives and as a result of that this study is relevant in the way it illustrates the importance and possibilities court archives for a dedicated scholar within archival science and other areas of information science. The results are as follows: materiality have many different ways of affecting the archivists and it does so on many different levels. With the focus on digital and physical information this study has come to the conclusion that materiality is an important aspect that cannot be overlooked. It affects how archivists work, how they think and how they practically handle physical and digital information.
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Assegaai, Tumelo. "Supervision and trust in community health worker programmes at scale: Developing a district level supportive supervision framework for ward-based outreach teams in North West Province, South Africa". University of Western Cape, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8262.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDNational community health worker (CHW) programmes are to an increasing extent being implemented in health systems globally, mirrored in South Africa in the ward-based outreach team (WBOT) strategy. In many countries, including South Africa, a major challenge impacting the performance and sustainability of scaled-up CHW programmes is ensuring adequate support from and supervision by the local health system. Supervisory systems, where they exist, are usually corrective and hierarchical in nature, and implementation remains poor. In the South African context, the absence of any guidance on CHW supportive supervision has led to varied practices across the country. Improved approaches to supportive supervision are considered critical for CHW programme performance. However, there is relatively little understanding of how this can be done sustainably at scale, and effective CHW supervisory models remain elusive. Research to date has mostly positioned supervision as a technical process rather than a set of relationships, with the former testing specific interventions rather than developing holistic approaches attuned to local contexts.
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Samarao, Ashwin Kumar. "Compensation and trimming for silicon micromechanical resonators and resonator arrays for timing and spectral processing". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/39543.
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This dissertation reports very novel solutions for the trimming and compensation of various parameters of silicon micromechanical resonators and resonator-arrays. Post-fabrication trimming of resonance frequency to a target value is facilitated by diffusing in a deposited thin metal layer into a Joule-heated silicon resonator. Up to ~400 kHz of trimming-up and trimming-down in a 100 MHz Silicon Bulk Acoustic Resonators (SiBARs) are demonstrated via gold and aluminum diffusion respectively. The dependence of the trimming range on the duration of Joule heating and value of current passed are presented and the possibility of extending the trimming range up to ~4 MHz is demonstrated. Passive temperature compensation techniques are developed to drastically reduce the temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) of silicon resonators. The dependence of TCF on the charge carriers in silicon are extensively studied and exploited for the very first time to achieve temperature compensation. A charge surplus via degenerate doping using boron and aluminum is shown to reduce a starting TCF of -30 ppm/°C to -1.5 ppm/°C while a charge depletion effected by creating multiple pn-junctions reduces the TCF to -3 ppm/°C. Further, shear acoustic waves in silicon microresonators have also been identified to effect a TCF reduction and have been excited in a concave SiBAR (or CBAR) to exhibit a TCF that is 15 ppm/°C lesser than that of a conventional rectangular SiBAR. The study on quality factor (Q) sensitivity to the various crystallographic axis of transduction in silicon resonators show that the non-repeatability of Q across various fabrication batches are due to the minor angular misalignment of ≤ 0.5° during the photolithography processes. Preferred axes of transduction for minimal misalignment sensitivity are identified and novel low-loss resonator-array type performances are also reported from a single resonator while transduced along certain specific crystallographic axes. Details are presented on an unprecedented new technique to create and fill charge traps on the silicon resonator which allows the operation of the capacitive SiBARs without the application of any polarization voltages (Vp) for the first time, making them very attractive candidates for ultra-low-power oscillator and sensor applications. Finally, a fabrication process that integrates both the capacitive and piezoelectric actuation/sensing schemes in microresonators is developed and is shown to compensate for the parasitics in capacitive silicon resonators while maintaining their high-Q.
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Donado, Morcillo Carlos Alberto. "Development of lightweight and low-cost microwave components for remote-sensing applications". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47532.
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The objective of the proposed research is to design, implement, and characterize low-cost, lightweight front-end components and subsystems in the microwave domain through innovative packaging architectures for remote sensing applications. Particular emphasis is placed on system-on-package (SoP) solutions implemented in organic substrates as a low-cost alternative to conventional, expensive, rigid, and fragile radio- frequency substrates. To this end, the dielectric properties of organic substrates RT/duroid 5880, 6002 and 6202 are presented from 30 GHz to 70 GHz, covering most of the Ka and V radar bands, giving also a thorough insight on the uncertainty of the microstrip ring resonator method by means of the Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis.
Additionally, an ultra-thin, high-power antenna-array technology, with transmit/ receive (T/R) functionality is introduced for mobile applications in the X band. Two lightweight SoP T/R array panels are presented in this work using novel technologies such as Silicon Germanium integrated circuits and microelectromechanical system switches on a hybrid organic package of liquid crystal polymer and RT/duroid 5880LZ. A maximum power of 47 dBm is achieved in a package with a thickness of 1.8 mm without the need of bulky thermal management devices.
Finally, to address the thermal limitations of thin-film substrates of interest (liquid crystal polymer, RT/duroid 6002, alumina and Aluminum Nitride), a thermal assessment of microstrip structures is presented in the X band, along with the thermal characterization of the dielectric properties of RT/duroid 6002 from 20 C to 200 C and from 30 GHz to 70 GHz. Additional high-power, X-band technologies presented in this work include: a novel and compact topology for evanescent mode filters, and low-profile Wilkinson power dividers implemented on Aluminum Nitride using Tantalum Nitride thin-film resistors.
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Ştefănescu, Alin [Verfasser]. "Automatic synthesis of distributed transition systems / vorgelegt von Alin Ştefănescu". 2006. http://d-nb.info/97997755X/34.
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Cheong, Pou-Ieng, i 張寶瑩. "ALMA Observations of Spiral Accretion Flows Towards An Extremely Young Protostellar system—VLA1623". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7th582.
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碩士國立清華大學
天文研究所
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Studying the accretion flows surrounding extremely young protostars is an im- portant step toward understanding how protostellar disks are assembled in the early stage of star formation. The accretion flows are commonly seen in magnetohydro- dynamics (MHD) simulations; however, they are rarely observed due to their low intensity. Here we report our discovery of thousand-AU scale accretion flows around an extremely young protostar VLA1623A with a protostellar disk likely just formed, using Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of C18O (2–1) emission. We identify three groups of stream-like structures at different velocity ranges from the three-dimensional Position-Position-Velocity (PPV) data cube using the “Dendrogram” algorithm. Some of these stream-like structures are likely to be outflows or the envelope material shocks by outflows, but we find that the kinematics of two identified streams are well matched with the CMU model (Ulrich, 1976; Cassen and Moosman, 1981) which describes the velocity structure of the accreting gas with constant angular momentum. Our results give a centrifugal radius of 150 AU, same as the Keplerian disk size estimated by Murillo et al. (2013). With the CMU model, we are able to produce a three dimensional (Position-Position-Position) view of the accretion flows which shows that the thickness of the Keplerian disk at r = 150 AU is < 30 AU.