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Ndiaye, Ndèye Fatma. "Algorithmes d'optimisation pour la résolution du problème de stockage de conteneurs dans un terminal portuaire". Thesis, Le Havre, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LEHA0002/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaAIn this thesis, we trait the container storage problem at port terminal. Initially, we present a state of the art in which the work that have been previously made in this filed are analyzed. After that, we present an analytical study. Thed we propose a mathematical modelling and some methods of resolution including effective algorithms. We propose a demonstration of the complexity of the problem by considering different cases of storage. This problme is "Np_difficult, so not always easy to solve by using the optimization software "ILOG CPLEX”. This is why we propose a branch-and-cut algorithm, wich is an optimal resolution algorithm and wich enables to go beyong the limits of "ILOG CPLEX". We also proposed meta-heuristic algorithms and hybridizations wich provide satisfactory resulys and wich required less calculation times
Hassan, Abdeljabbar Hassan Mohammed Albarra. "Parallel Scheduling in the Cloud Systems : Approximate and Exact Methods". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0223/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe Cloud Computing appears as a strong concept to share costs and resources related to the use of end-users. As a consequence, several related models exist and are widely used (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS. . .). In this context, our research focused on the design of new methodologies and algorithms to optimize performances using the scheduling and combinatorial theories. We were interested in the performance optimization of a Cloud Computing environment where the resources are heterogeneous (operators, machines, processors...) but limited. Several scheduling problems have been addressed in this thesis. Our objective was to build advanced algorithms by taking into account all these additional specificities of such an environment and by ensuring the performance of solutions. Generally, the scheduling function consists in organizing activities in a specific system imposing some rules to respect. The scheduling problems are essential in the management of projects, but also for a wide set of real systems (telecommunication, computer science, transportation, production...). More generally, solving a scheduling problem can be reduced to the organization and the synchronization of a set of activities (jobs or tasks) by exploiting the available capacities (resources). This execution has to respect different technical rules (constraints) and to provide the maximum of effectiveness (according to a set of criteria). Most of these problems belong to the NP-Hard problems class for which the majority of computer scientists do not expect the existence of a polynomial exact algorithm unless P=NP. Thus, the study of these problems is particularly interesting at the scientific level in addition to their high practical relevance. In particular, we aimed to build new efficient combinatorial methods for solving parallel-machine scheduling problems where resources have different speeds and tasks are linked by precedence constraints. In our work we studied two methodological approaches to solve the problem under the consideration : exact and meta-heuristic methods. We studied three scheduling problems, where the problem of task scheduling in cloud environment can be generalized as unrelated parallel machines, and open shop scheduling problem with different constraints. For solving the problem of unrelated parallel machines with precedence constraints, we proposed a novel genetic-based task scheduling algorithms in order to minimize maximum completion time (makespan). These algorithms combined the genetic algorithm approach with different techniques and batching rules such as list scheduling (LS) and earliest completion time (ECT). We reviewed, evaluated and compared the proposed algorithms against one of the well-known genetic algorithms available in the literature, which has been proposed for the task scheduling problem on heterogeneous computing systems. Moreover, this comparison has been extended to an existing greedy search method, and to an exact formulation based on basic integer linear programming. The proposed genetic algorithms show a good performance dominating the evaluated methods in terms of problems' sizes and time complexity for large benchmark sets of instances. We also extended three existing mathematical formulations to derive an exact solution for this problem. These mathematical formulations were validated and compared to each other by extensive computational experiments. Moreover, we proposed an integer linear programming formulations for solving unrelated parallel machine scheduling with precedence/disjunctive constraints, this model based on the intervaland m-clique free graphs with an exponential number of constraints. We developed a Branch-and-Cut algorithm, where the separation problems are based on graph algorithms. [...]
Mkadem, Mohamed Amine. "Flow-shop with time delays, linear modeling and exact solution approaches". Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2390/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this thesis, we study the two-machine flow-shop problem with time delays in order to minimize the makespan. First, we propose a set of Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) formulations for the problem. In particular, we introduce a new compact mathematical formulation for the case where operations are identical per machine. The proposed mathematical formulations are then used to develop lower bounds and a branch-and-cut method. A set of valid inequalities is proposed in order to improve the linear relaxation of the MIPs. These inequalities are based on proposing new dominance rules and computing optimal solutions of polynomial-time-solvable sub-instances. These sub-instances are extracted by computing all maximal cliques on a particular Interval graph. In addition to the valid inequalities, the branch-and-cut method includes the consideration of a heuristic method and a node pruning procedure. Finally, we propose a branch-and-bound method. For which, we introduce a local search-based heuristic and dominance rules. Experiments were conducted on a variety of classes of instances including both literature and new proposed ones. These experiments show the efficiency of our approaches that outperform the leading methods published in the research literature
Yuan, Yuan. "Modèles et Algorithmes pour les Problèmes de Livraison du Dernier Kilomètre avec Plusieurs Options d'Expédition". Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ECLI0011.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this thesis, we study routing problems that arise in the context of last mile delivery when multiple delivery options are proposed to the customers. The most common option to deliver packages is home/workplace delivery. Besides, the delivery can be made to pick-up points such as dedicated lockers or stores. In recent years, a new concept called trunk/in-car delivery has been proposed. Here, customers' packages can be delivered to the trunks of cars. Our goal is to model and develop efficient solution approaches for routing problems in this context, in which each customer can have multiple shipping locations. First, we survey non-Hamiltonian routing problems. Then, we study the single-vehicle case in the considered context, which is modeled as a Generalized Traveling Salesman Problem with Time Windows (GTSPTW). Four mixed integer linear programming formulations and an efficient branch-and-cut algorithm are proposed. Finally, we study the multi-vehicle case which is denoted Generalized Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows (GVRPTW). An efficient column generation based heuristic is proposed to solve it
Vo, Thi Quynh Trang. "Algorithms and Machine Learning for fair and classical combinatorial optimization". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UCFA0035.
Pełny tekst źródłaCombinatorial optimization is a field of mathematics that searches for an optimal solution in a finite set of objects. It has crucial applications in many fields, including applied mathematics, software engineering, theoretical computer science, and machine learning. extit{Branch-and-cut} is one of the most widely-used algorithms for solving combinatorial optimization problems exactly. In this thesis, we focus on the computational aspects of branch-and-cut when studying two critical dimensions of combinatorial optimization: extit{the fairness of solutions} and extit{the integration of machine learning}.In Partef{part:1} (Chaptersef{chap:bnc-btsp} andef{chap:owa}), we study two common approaches to deal with the issue of fairness in combinatorial optimization, which has gained significant attention in the past decades. The first approach is extit{balanced combinatorial optimization}, which finds a fair solution by minimizing the difference between the largest and smallest components used. Due to the difficulties in bounding these components, to the best of our knowledge, no general exact framework based on mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) has been proposed for balanced combinatorial optimization. To address this gap, in Chapteref{chap:bnc-btsp}, we present a branch-and-cut algorithm and a novel class of local cutting planes tailored for balanced combinatorial optimization problems. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework in the Balanced Traveling Salesman Problem. Additionally, we introduce bounding algorithms and mechanisms to fix variables to accelerate performance further.The second approach to handling the issue of fairness is extit{Ordered Weighted Average (OWA) combinatorial optimization}, which integrates the OWA operator into the objective function. Due to the ordering operator, OWA combinatorial optimization is nonlinear, even if its original constraints are linear. Two MILP formulations of different sizes have been introduced in the literature to linearize the OWA operator. However, which formulation performs best for OWA combinatorial optimization remains uncertain, as integrating the linearization methods may introduce additional difficulties. In Chapteref{chap:owa}, we provide theoretical and empirical comparisons of the two MILP formulations for OWA combinatorial optimization. In particular, we prove that the formulations are equivalent in terms of the linear programming relaxation. We empirically show that for OWA combinatorial optimization problems, the formulation with more variables can be solved faster with branch-and-cut.In Partef{part:2} (Chapteref{chap:mlbnc}), we develop methods for applying machine learning to enhance fundamental decision problems in branch-and-cut, with a focus on cut generation. Cut generation refers to the decision of whether to generate cuts or to branch at each node of the search tree. We empirically demonstrate that this decision significantly impacts branch-and-cut performance, especially for combinatorial cuts that exploit the facial structure of the convex hull of feasible solutions. We then propose a general framework combining supervised and reinforcement learning to learn effective strategies for generating combinatorial cuts in branch-and-cut. Our framework has two components: a cut detector to predict cut existence and a cut evaluator to choose between generating cuts and branching. Finally, we provide experimental results showing that the proposed method outperforms commonly used strategies for cut generation, even on instances larger than those used for training
Taktak, Raouia. "Survavibility in Multilayer Networks : models and Polyhedra". Thesis, Paris 9, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA090076/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis deals with a problem related to survivability issues in multilayer IP-over-WDM networks. Given a set of traffic demands for which we know a survivable logical routing in the IP layer, the aim is determine the corresponding survivable topology in the WDM layer. We show that the problem is NP-hard even for a single demand. Moreover, we propose four integer linear programming formulations for the problem. The first one is based on the so-called cut inequalities. We consider the polyhedron associated with the formulation. We identify several families of valid inequalities and discuss their facial aspect. We also develop separation routines. Using this, we devise a Branch-and-Cut algorithm and present experimental results. The second formulation uses paths between terminals of the underlying graph as variables. We devise a Branch-and-Price algorithm based on that formulation. In addition, we investigate a natural formulation for the problem which uses only the design variables. Finally, we propose an extended compact formulation which, in addition to the design variables, uses routing variables. We show that this formulation provides a tighter bound for the problem
Naghmouchi, Mohamed yassine. "Gestion de la sécurité dans les systèmes de télécommunications : modèles, polyèdre et algorithmes". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLED008.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this thesis, we propose a new risk management framework for telecommunication networks. This is based on theconcept of Risk Assessment Graphs (RAGs). These graphs contain two types of nodes: access point nodes, or startingpoints for attackers, and asset-vulnerability nodes. The latter have to be secured. An arc in the RAG represents apotential propagation of an attacker from a node to another. A positive weight, representing the propagation difficulty ofan attacker, is associated to each arc. First, we propose a quantitative risk evaluation approach based on the shortestpaths between the access points and the asset-vulnerability nodes. Then, we consider a risk treatment problem, calledProactive Countermeasure Selection Problem (PCSP). Given a propagation difficulty threshold for each pair of accesspoint and asset-vulnerability node, and a set of countermeasures that can be placed on the asset vulnerability nodes, thePCSP consists in selecting the minimum cost subset of countermeasures so that the length of each shortest path froman access point to an asset vulnerability node is greater than or equal to the propagation difficulty threshold.We show that the PCSP is NP-Complete even when the graph is reduced to an arc. Then, we give a formulation of theproblem as a bilevel programming model for which we propose two single-level reformulations: a compact formulationbased on LP-duality, and a path formulation with an exponential number of constraints, obtained by projection. Moreover,we study the path formulation from a polyhedral point of view. We introduce several classes of valid inequalities. Wediscuss when the basic and valid inequalities define facets. We also devise separation routines for these inequalities.Using this, we develop a Branch-and-Cut algorithm for the PCSP along with an extensive computational study. Thenumerical tests show the efficiency of the polyhedral results from an algorithmic point of view.Our framework applies to a wide set of real cases in the telecommunication industry. We illustrate this in several practicaluse cases including Internet of Things (IoT), Software Defined Network (SDN) and Local Area Networks (LANs). We alsoshow the integration of our approach in a web application
Hassan, Abdeljabbar Hassan Mohammed Albarra. "Parallel Scheduling in the Cloud Systems : Approximate and Exact Methods". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0223.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe Cloud Computing appears as a strong concept to share costs and resources related to the use of end-users. As a consequence, several related models exist and are widely used (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS. . .). In this context, our research focused on the design of new methodologies and algorithms to optimize performances using the scheduling and combinatorial theories. We were interested in the performance optimization of a Cloud Computing environment where the resources are heterogeneous (operators, machines, processors...) but limited. Several scheduling problems have been addressed in this thesis. Our objective was to build advanced algorithms by taking into account all these additional specificities of such an environment and by ensuring the performance of solutions. Generally, the scheduling function consists in organizing activities in a specific system imposing some rules to respect. The scheduling problems are essential in the management of projects, but also for a wide set of real systems (telecommunication, computer science, transportation, production...). More generally, solving a scheduling problem can be reduced to the organization and the synchronization of a set of activities (jobs or tasks) by exploiting the available capacities (resources). This execution has to respect different technical rules (constraints) and to provide the maximum of effectiveness (according to a set of criteria). Most of these problems belong to the NP-Hard problems class for which the majority of computer scientists do not expect the existence of a polynomial exact algorithm unless P=NP. Thus, the study of these problems is particularly interesting at the scientific level in addition to their high practical relevance. In particular, we aimed to build new efficient combinatorial methods for solving parallel-machine scheduling problems where resources have different speeds and tasks are linked by precedence constraints. In our work we studied two methodological approaches to solve the problem under the consideration : exact and meta-heuristic methods. We studied three scheduling problems, where the problem of task scheduling in cloud environment can be generalized as unrelated parallel machines, and open shop scheduling problem with different constraints. For solving the problem of unrelated parallel machines with precedence constraints, we proposed a novel genetic-based task scheduling algorithms in order to minimize maximum completion time (makespan). These algorithms combined the genetic algorithm approach with different techniques and batching rules such as list scheduling (LS) and earliest completion time (ECT). We reviewed, evaluated and compared the proposed algorithms against one of the well-known genetic algorithms available in the literature, which has been proposed for the task scheduling problem on heterogeneous computing systems. Moreover, this comparison has been extended to an existing greedy search method, and to an exact formulation based on basic integer linear programming. The proposed genetic algorithms show a good performance dominating the evaluated methods in terms of problems' sizes and time complexity for large benchmark sets of instances. We also extended three existing mathematical formulations to derive an exact solution for this problem. These mathematical formulations were validated and compared to each other by extensive computational experiments. Moreover, we proposed an integer linear programming formulations for solving unrelated parallel machine scheduling with precedence/disjunctive constraints, this model based on the intervaland m-clique free graphs with an exponential number of constraints. We developed a Branch-and-Cut algorithm, where the separation problems are based on graph algorithms. [...]
Ahr, Dino. "Multiple postmen problems fundamentals and new algorithms". Saarbrücken VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2004. http://d-nb.info/986348074/04.
Pełny tekst źródłaHunsaker, Braden K. "Measuring facets of polyhedra to predict usefulness in branch-and-cut algorithms". Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2003. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04082004-180242/unrestricted/hunsaker%5Fbraden%5Fk%5F200312%5Fphd.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaRothenbächer, Ann-Kathrin [Verfasser]. "Contributions to branch-and-price-and-cut algorithms for routing problems / Ann-Kathrin Rothenbächer". Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1149979062/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaPiva, Breno 1983. "Estudo poliedral do problema do maximo subgrafo induzido comum". [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/275833.
Pełny tekst źródłaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação
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Resumo: O problema do Máximo Subgrafo Induzido Comum (MSIC) pertence a classe NP-difícil e possui aplicações em diversas áreas. Apesar de sua complexidade, ainda é importante conhecer soluções exatas para instâncias deste problema. Os algoritmos exatos encontrados na literatura buscam resolvê-lo através de técnicas de backtracking ou através de sua redução para o problema da Clique Máxima. Neste trabalho procuramos dar uma solução exata para o MSIC, tratando-o diretamente através da utilização de modelos de Programação Linear Inteira (PLI) e técnicas de combinatória poliédrica. Assim, realizamos um estudo teórico do poliedro do MSIC e fomos capazes de encontrar algumas desigualdades válidas fortes, inclusive com provas de que algumas delas representam facetas daquele poliedro. Adicionalmente, provamos que existe uma equivalâencia entre o modelo PLI aqui apresentado para o MSIC e uma formulação bem conhecida para o problema da Clique Máxima. Posteriormente, foram implementados algoritmos de Branch-and-Bound (B&B) e Branch-and-Cut (B&C) utilizando as desigualdades encontradas e algumas técnicas para tentar tornar os algoritmos mais eficientes. Experimentos foram executados com os algoritmos implementados neste trabalho e, também, com um algoritmo já existente para resolver o problema da Clique, chamado Cliquer. Os resultados foram comparados e, dentre os algoritmos de PLI, constatamos que o mais eficiente foi aquele que utilizou uma formulação para o MSIC que chamamos de Clique-IS, utilizando B&B e técnicas mais básicas que outros algoritmos. Este algoritmo mostrou-se mais eficiente, inclusive, que um algoritmo PLI com um modelo baseado no problema da Clique Máaxima. Este fato sugere que para uma abordagem baseada em PLI, vale a pena utilizar uma formulação do MSIC diretamente, ao invés de uma que se apóie na redução deste para o problema da Clique Máxima. Ja a comparaçao do melhor algoritmo desenvolvido neste trabalho com o Cliquer, mostrou que este último é mais eficiente. Para que um algoritmo baseado em PLI (utilizando uma formulação com as mesmas variáveis usadas por nós) tivesse alguma chance de vencer um algoritmo combinatório como o Cliquer, seria necessário conhecer mais desigualdades que estivessem ativas na solução ótima do problema
Abstract: The Maximum Common Subgraph problem (MSIC) is in MV-hard and has applications in several fields. Despite its complexity, it is still important to know exact solutions for instances of this problem. The exact algorithms found in literature try to solve it through backtracking techniques or through its reduction to the Maximum Clique problem. In this work we try to give an exact solution to MSIC by addressing it directly, using Linear Integer Programming (PLI) and polyhedral combinatorics techniques. So, we performed a study of the MSIC polyhedron and we were able to find some strong valid inequalities, including some that were proven to define facets of that polyhedron. Additionally, we proved that an equivalence between the PLI model presented here for MSIC and a well known formulation for the Maximum Clique problem exists. Later, Branch-and-Bound (B&B) and Branch-and-Cut (B&C) algorithms were implemented using the inequalities found and some techniques to try to render the algorithms more efficient. Experiments were performed with the algorithms implemented in this work and, also, with an already existing algorithm to solve the Maximum Clique problem, called Cliquer. The results were compared and, among the PLI algorithms, we found that the most efficient was the one that used the formulation which we called Clique-IS, using B&B and more basic techniques than other algorithms. This algorithm was even more efficient than a PLI algorithm with a Clique-based model. This fact suggests that for a PLI approach it is worth to use a formulation based on the MSIC polyhedron instead of one based on its reduction to the Maximum Clique problem. The comparison of the best algorithm developed in this work with Cliquer, though, showed that the latest is more efficient. In order to some PLI-based algorithm (using a formulation with the same variables used by us) to have any chance of outperforming a combinatorial algorithm like Cliquer, it would be necessary to know more inequalities that are active in the problem's optimal solution
Mestrado
Otimização Combinatoria
Mestre em Ciência da Computação
Silvestri, Selene. "Models and Algorithms for Some Covering Problems on Graphs". Thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/2303.
Pełny tekst źródłaSeveral real-life problems as well as problems of theoretical importance within the field of Operations Research are combinatorial in nature. Combinatorial Optimization deals with decision-making problems defined on a discrete space. Out of a finite or countably infinite set of feasible solutions, one has to choose the best one according to an objective function. Many of these problems can be modeled on undirected or directed graphs. Some of the most important problems studied in this area include the Minimum Spanning Tree Problem, the Traveling Salesman Problem, the Vehicle Routing Problem, the Matching Problem, the Maximum Flow Problem. Some combinatorial optimization problems have been modeled on colored (labeled) graphs. The colors can be associated to the vertices as well as to the edges of the graph, depending on the problem. The Minimum Labeling Spanning Tree Problem and the Minimum Labeling Hamiltonian Cycle Problem are two examples of problems defined on edge-colored graphs. Combinatorial optimization problems can be divided into two groups, according to their complexity. The problems that are easy to solve, i.e. problems polynomially solvable, and those that are hard, i.e. for which no polynomial time algorithm exists. Many of the well-known combinatorial optimization problems defined on graphs are hard problems in general. However, if we know more about the structure of the graph, the problems can become more tractable. In some cases, they can even be shown to be polynomial-time solvable. This particularly holds for trees...[edited by Author]
XIV n.s.
Fischer, Anja. "A Polyhedral Study of Quadratic Traveling Salesman Problems". Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-118345.
Pełny tekst źródłaPiva, Breno. "Estudo poliedral do problema do máximo subgrafo induzido comum". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFS, 2009. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/1654.
Pełny tekst źródłaCay, Sertalp B. "Exploiting Structures in Mixed-Integer Second-Order Cone Optimization Problems for Branch-and-Conic-Cut Algorithms". Thesis, Lehigh University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10747455.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis studies computational approaches for mixed-integer second-order cone optimization (MISOCO) problems. MISOCO models appear in many real-world applications, so MISOCO has gained significant interest in recent years. However, despite recent advancements, there is a gap between the theoretical developments and computational practice. Three chapters of this thesis address three areas of computational methodology for an efficient branch-and-conic-cut (BCC) algorithm to solve MISOCO problems faster in practice. These chapters include a detailed discussion on practical work on adding cuts in a BCC algorithm, novel methodologies for warm-starting second-order cone optimization (SOCO) subproblems, and heuristics for MISOCO problems.
The first part of this thesis concerns the development of a novel warm-starting method of interior-point methods (IPM) for SOCO problems. The method exploits the Jordan frames of an original instance and solves two auxiliary linear optimization problems. The solutions obtained from these problems are used to identify an ideal initial point of the IPM. Numerical results on public test sets indicate that the warm-start method works well in practice and reduces the number of iterations required to solve related SOCO problems by around 30-40%.
The second part of this thesis presents novel heuristics for MISOCO problems. These heuristics use the Jordan frames from both continuous relaxations and penalty problems and present a way of finding feasible solutions for MISOCO problems. Numerical results on conic and quadratic test sets show significant performance in terms of finding a solution that has a small gap to optimality.
The last part of this thesis presents application of disjunctive conic cuts (DCC) and disjunctive cylindrical cuts (DCyC) to asset allocation problems (AAP). To maximize the benefit from these powerful cuts, several decisions regarding the addition of these cuts are inspected in a practical setting. The analysis in this chapter gives insight about how these cuts can be added in case-specific settings.
Sa, Shibasaki Rui. "Lagrangian Decomposition Methods for Large-Scale Fixed-Charge Capacitated Multicommodity Network Design Problem". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CLFAC024.
Pełny tekst źródłaTypically present in logistics and telecommunications domains, the Fixed-Charge Multicommodity Capacitated Network Design Problem remains challenging, especially when large-scale contexts are involved. In this particular case, the ability to produce good quality soutions in a reasonable amount of time leans on the availability of efficient algorithms. In that sense, the present thesis proposed Lagrangian approaches that are able to provide relatively sharp bounds for large-scale instances of the problem. The efficiency of the methods depend on the algorithm applied to solve Lagrangian duals, so we choose between two of the most efficient solvers in the literature: the Volume Algorithm and the Bundle Method, providing a comparison between them. The results showed that the Volume Algorithm is more efficient in the present context, being the one kept for further research.A first Lagrangian heuristic was devised to produce good quality feasible solutions for the problem, obtaining far better results than Cplex, for the largests instances. Concerning lower bounds, a Relax-and-Cut algorithm was implemented embbeding sensitivity analysis and constraint scaling, which improved results. The increases in lower bounds attained 11\%, but on average they remained under 1\%.The Relax-and-Cut algorithm was then included in a Branch-and-Cut scheme, to solve linear programs in each node of the search tree. Moreover, a Feasibility Pump heuristic using the Volume Algorithm as solver for linear programs was implemented to accelerate the search for good feasible solutions in large-scale cases. The obtained results showed that the proposed scheme is competitive with the best algorithms in the literature, and provides the best results in large-scale contexts. Moreover, a heuristic version of the Branch-and-Cut algorithm based on the Lagrangian Feasibility Pump was tested, providing the best results in general, when compared to efficient heuristics in the literature
Porto, Claudia Akemi Furushima. "Algoritmos para resolução do problema de empacotamento de conjuntos utilizando poliedros quase inteiros". [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/275774.
Pełny tekst źródłaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação
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Mestrado
Teoria da Computação
Mestre em Ciência da Computação
Ponce, Lopez Diego. "The Discrete Ordered Median Problem revisited: new formulations, properties and algorithms". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/234342.
Pełny tekst źródłaCette dissertation étudie en profondeur la structure du "Discrete Ordered Median Problem" (DOMP), afin de proposer de nouvelles formulations et de nouveaux algorithmes de résolution. De plus, une extension intéressante du DOMP nommée MDOMP ("Monotone Discrete Ordered Median Problem") a été étudiée.Cette thèse a été structurée en trois grandes parties.La première partie présente une étude riche aux niveaux théorique et expérimentale. Elle développe plusieurs formulations pour le DOMP qui sont basées sur des problèmes d'ordonnancement largement étudiés dans la littérature. Plusieurs d'entres elles nécessitent un nombre réduit de contraintes pour définir le problème en ce qui concerne certaines formulations connues antérieurement. Les bornes inférieures, qui sont obtenues par la résolution de la relaxation linéaire, donnent de meilleurs résultats que les formulations précédentes et ceci même avec tout processus de renforcement désactivé. S'ensuit une étude du polyhèdre de notre formulation la plus forte qui montre sa proximité entre l'enveloppe convexe des solutions entières de notre problème. Un algorithme de branch and cut et d'autres méthodes de résolution sont ensuite comparés. Les expérimentations qui montrent la puissance de nos méthodes s'appuient sur deux grandes familles d'instances. Les premières sont générées aléatoirement et les secondes proviennent de Beasley's OR-library. Ces expérimentations mettent en valeur la qualité de la borne obtenue par notre formulation.La seconde partie propose une formulation "set partitioning" avec un nombre exponentiel de variables. Dans ce chapitre, la formulation comporte des variables associées à un ensemble de demandes affectées à la même facilité selon l'ordre établi sur leurs distances correspondantes. Nous avons alors développé un algorithme de génération de colonnes pour la résolution de la relaxation continue de notre modèle mathématique. Cet algorithme est ensuite déployé au sein d'un Branch-and-Cut-and-Price afin de résoudre des instances de petites et moyennes tailles avec des temps compétitifs.La troisième partie présente l'analyse et la comparaison des différentes formulations du problème DOMP Monotone. Ces formulations combinent plusieurs manières de formuler l'ordre des éléments selon les moyennes pondérées en utilisant plusieurs programmes linéaires du polytope du p-median. Cette approche donne lieu à deux formulations performantes du DOMP sous l'hypothèse de monotonie des vecteurs lambda. Ces formulations sont comparées de manière théorique puis comparées à d'autres formulations valides pour le cas général du vecteur lambda. Une autre formulation est également proposée, elle exploite l'efficacité du caractère rationnel de la monotonie. Cette dernière permet de résoudre efficacement quelques instances où la monotonie a légèrement disparue. Ces formulations ont fait l'objet de plusieurs expérimentations dècrites dans ce manuscrit de thèse. Elles montrent que les formulations spécifiques permettent de résoudre des instances plus importantes que pour le cas général.
Este trabajo estudia en profundidad la estructura del problema disctreto de la mediana ordenada (DOMP, por su acrónimo en inglés) con el objetivo de definir nuevas formulaciones y algoritmos de resolución. Además, analizamos una interesante extensión del DOMP conocida como el problema monótono discreto de la mediana ordenada (MDOMP, de su acrónimo en inglés).Esta tesis se compone de tres grandes bloques.En primer lugar, se desarrolla un detallado estudio teórico y computacional. Se presentan varias formulaciones nuevas para el problema discreto de la mediana ordenada (DOMP) basadas en su similaridad con algunos problemas de secuenciación. Algunas de estas formulaciones requieren de un cosiderable menor número de restricciones para definir el problema respecto a algunas de las formulaciones previamente conocidas. Además, las cotas inferiores proporcionadas por las relajaciones lineales mejoran a las obtenidas con formulaciones previas de la literatura incluso sin reforzar la nueva formulación. También presentamos un estudio poliédrico del politopo de asignación de nuestra formulación más compacta mostrando su proximidad con la envolvente convexa de las soluciones enteras del problema. Se comparan algunos procedimientos de resolución, entre los que destacamos un algoritmo de ramificación y corte. Amplios resultados computacionales sobre dos familias de instancias -aleatoriamente generadas y utilizando la Beasley's OR-library- muestran la potencia de nuestros métodos para resolver el DOMP.En el segundo bloque, el problema discreto de la mediana ordenada es abordado con una formulación de particiones de conjuntos empleando un número exponencial de variables. Este capítulo desarrolla una nueva formulación en la que cada variable corresponde a un conjunto de puntos de demanda asignados al mismo servidor con la información de la posición obtenida de ordenar las distancias correspondientes. Utilizamos generación de columnas para resolver la relajación continua del modelo. Después, empleamos un algoritmo de ramificación, acotación y "pricing" para resolver a optimalidad tamaños moderados del DOMP en un tiempo computacional competitivo.Por último, el tercer bloque de este trabajo se dedica a analizar y comparar formulaciones para el problema monótono discreto de la mediana ordenada. Estas formulaciones combinan diferentes maneras de representar medidas de pesos ordenados de elementos utilizando programación lineal junto con el politopo de la $p$-mediana. Este enfoque da lugar a dos formulaciones eficientes para el DOMP bajo la hipótesis de monotonía en su vector $lambda$. Se comparan teóricamente las formulaciones entre sí y frente a algunas de las formulaciones válidas para el caso general. Adicionalmente, se desarrolla otra formulación válida para el caso general que explota la eficiencia de las ideas de la monotonicidad. Esta representación permite resolver eficientemente algunos ejemplos donde la monotonía se pierde ligeramente. Finalmente, llevamos a cabo un detallado estudio computacional, en el que se aprecia que las formulaciones ad hoc permiten resolver a optimalidad ejemplos cuyo tamaño supera los límites marcados en al caso general.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Zhao, Jinhua. "Maximum Bounded Rooted-Tree Problem : Algorithms and Polyhedra". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAC044/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaGiven a simple undirected graph G = (V, E) with a so-called root node r in V, a rooted tree, or an r-tree, of G is either the empty graph, or a tree containing r. If a node-capacity vector c is given, then a subgraph of G is said to be bounded if the degree of each node in the subgraph does not exceed its capacity. Let w be an edge-weight vector and p a node-price vector. The Maximum Bounded r-Tree (MBrT) problem consists of finding a bounded r-tree T = (U, F) of G such that its weight is maximized. If the capacity constraint from the MBrT problem is relaxed, we then obtain the Maximum r-Tree (MrT) problem. This dissertation contributes to the study of the MBrT problem and the MrT problem.First we introduce the problems with their definitions and complexities. We define the associated polytopes along with a formulation for each of them. We present several polynomial-time combinatorial algorithms for both the MBrT problem (and thus the MrT problem) on trees, cycles and cactus graphs. Particularly, a dynamic-programming-based algorithm is used to solve the MBrT problem on trees, whereas on cycles we reduce it to some polynomially solvable problems in three different cases. For cactus graphs, we first show that the MBrT problem can be solved in polynomial time on a so-called cactus basis, then break down the problem on any cactus graph into a series of subproblems on trees and on cactus basis.The second part of this work investigates the polyhedral structure of three polytopes associated with the MBrT problem and the MrT problem, namely Bxy(G, r, c), Bx(G, r, c) and Rx(G, r). Bxy(G, r, c) and Bx(G, r, c) are polytopes associated with the MBrT problem, where Bxy(G, r, c) considers both edge- and node-indexed variables and Bx(G, r, c) considers only edge-indexed variables. Rx(G, r) is the polytope associated with the MrT problem that only considers edge-indexed variables. For each of the three polytopes, we study their dimensions, facets as well as possible ways of decomposition. We introduce some newly discovered constraints for each polytope, and show that these new constraints allow us to characterize them on several graph classes. Specifically, we provide characterization for Bxy (G, r, c) on cactus graphs with the help of a decomposition through 1-sum. On the other hand, a TDI-system that characterizes Bx(G,r,c) is given in each case of trees and cycles. The characterization of Rx(G,r) on trees and cycles then follows as an immediate result.Finally, we discuss the separation problems for all the inequalities we have found so far, and present algorithms or cut-generation heuristics accordingly. A couple of branch-and-cut frameworks are implemented to solve the MBrT problem together with a greedy-based matheuristic. We compare the performances of the enhanced formulations with the original formulations through intensive computational test, where the results demonstrate convincingly the strength of the enhanced formulations
Lopes, Mauro Cardoso 1988. "Um problema integrado de localização e roteamento com transporte entre concentradores e relação de muitos-para-muitos". [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/275529.
Pełny tekst źródłaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação
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Resumo: Investigamos uma variante do problema de localização e roteamento com relação de muitos-para-muitos concentradores que consiste em particionar o conjunto de vértices de um grafo em ciclos contendo exatamente um concentrador cada e determinar um ciclo adicional interligando todos os concentradores. Qualquer vértice do grafo pode ser um concentrador; faz parte do problema determinar quais vértices devem ser concentradores. Esse problema tem aplicações práticas relevantes em áreas como transporte urbano e redes de computadores. Desenvolvemos uma heurística baseada em busca local com operações de inserção, remoção e troca de vértices. Soluções iniciais são geradas de maneira aleatória, e suas vizinhanças são exploradas a fim de obter melhores soluções. Além disso, elaboramos um algoritmo exato com estrutura de branch-and-cut para a formulação em Programação Linear Inteira proposta. Restrições de capacidade e eliminação de caminhos são adicionadas como planos de corte, com algoritmos de separação baseados em árvores de corte mínimo e nas componentes conexas de um grafo suporte. Diversos experimentos computacionais mostram a capacidade de resolução do algoritmo exato para instâncias pequenas e da heurística para instâncias pequenas e médias. São comparados também os desempenhos para outras variantes do problema
Abstract: We investigate a variant of the many-to-many hub location-routing problem which consists in partitioning the set of vertices of a graph into cycles containing exactly one hub each and determining an extra cycle interconnecting all hubs. Any vertex of the graph can be a hub; it is part of the problem to determine which vertices should be hubs. This problem has relevant practical applications in areas such as urban transportation and computer networks. A local search based heuristic that considers add/remove and swap operations is developed. Initial solutions can be generated at random, and their neighborhoods are explored in order to get better solutions. Also a branch-and-cut approach that solves an integer formulation is investigated. Capacity and path elimination constraints are added in a cutting plane way, so the separation algorithms are based on the computation of min-cut trees and in the connected components of a support graph. Many computational experiments over several instances adapted from literature show the problem-solving capability of the exact algorithm for small instances and of the heuristic for small to medium-sized instances. We also compare the performance of other variants of the problem
Mestrado
Ciência da Computação
Mestre em Ciência da Computação
Ould, Mohamed Lemine Mohamed. "Connaissance inter-entreprises et optimisation combinatoire". Thesis, Paris 9, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA090015/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe inter-companies knowledge allows to every partner to learn about its customers, its suppliers and to develop its activity. Also this permits to limit the risk related to the creditworthiness, or the late payment of its partners. With the cash flow pressures, the need for growth and increased competition, this area becomes more strategic than ever, for both small (PME) and large groups. The amount of data processed in this domain, the requirements of quality and freshness, the need to cross these data to obtain new information and indicators, yield several optimization problems for which the recent techniques and computational tools can bring effective solutions. In this thesis, we use combinatorial optimization, text algorithms as well as graph theory to solve efficiently problems arising in the field of inter-companies knowledge. In particular, such problems was encountered in Altares D&B. First, we focus on the quality of the managers database. This problem combines the detection and removal of duplicates in a database, as well as the error detection in a string. We propose a method for solving this problem, based on data normalization, text algorithms and syntactic comparison between two strings. Our experimental results show that this method is relevant for the detection and removal of duplicates, and it is also very efficient in terms of processing time. In a second part of the thesis, we address a problem related to the data of ownership links. We compute the indirect links, and identify the group heads. We propose a method for solving this problem using graph theory and combinatorial optimization. We then perform a set of experiments on several real-world instances. The computational results show the effectiveness of our method in terms of CPU-time and resource allocation. In fact, the CPU time for computation increases logarithmically with the size of the instances. Finally, we consider the problem of identifying influence networks. We give a description of this problem in terms of graphs, and show that it can reduce to a graph partitioning problem. The latter is NP-hard. We then propose an integer linear programming formulation to model the problem. We investigate the associated polyhedron and describe several classes of valid inequalities. We give some necessaryand sufficient conditions for these inequalities to define facets of the considered polyhedron, and we discuss the related separation problems. Based on the obtained polyhedral results, we devise a Branch-and-Cut algorithm to solve the problem. Some numerical results are presented to show the efficiency of our algorithm
Benhamiche, Amal. "Designing optical multi-band networks : polyhedral analysis and algorithms". Thesis, Paris 9, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA090075/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this thesis we consider two capacitated network design (CND) problems, using OFDM multi-band technology. The first problem is related to single-layer network design with specific requirements. We give an ILP formulation for this problem and study the polyhedra associated with its arc-set restriction. We describe two families of facet defining inequalities. We devise a Branch-and-Cut algorithm for the problem. Next, we investigate the multilayer version of CND using OFDM technology. We propose several ILP formulations and study the polyhedron associated with the first (cut) formulation. We identify several classes of facets and discuss the related separation problem. We devise a Branch-and-Cut algorithm embedding valid inequalities of both single-layer and multilayer problems. The second formulation is compact, and holds a polynomial number of constraints and variables. Two further path formulations are given which yield two efficient Branch-and-Price algorithms for the problem
Labidi, Mohamed Khalil. "Parallelisation of hybrid metaheuristics for COP solving". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLED029/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaCombinatorial Optimization (CO) is an area of research that is in a constant progress. Solving a Combinatorial Optimization Problem (COP) consists essentially in finding the best solution (s) in a set of feasible solutions called a search space that is usually exponential in cardinality in the size of the problem. To solve COPs, several methods have been proposed in the literature. A distinction is made mainly between exact methods and approximation methods. Since it is not possible to aim for an exact resolution of NP-Complete problems when the size of the problem exceeds a certain threshold, researchers have increasingly used Hybrid (HA) or parallel computing algorithms in recent decades. In this thesis we consider the COP class of Survivability Network Design Problems. We present an approximation parallel hybrid algorithm based on a greedy algorithm, a Lagrangian relaxation algorithm and a genetic algorithm which produces both lower and upper bounds for flow-based formulations. In order to validate the proposed approach, a series of experiments is carried out on several applications: the k-Edge-Connected Hop-Constrained Network Design Problem (kHNDP) when L = 2,3, The problem of the Steiner k-Edge-Connected Network Design Problem (SkESNDP) and then, two more general problems namely the kHNDP when L >= 2 and the k-Edge-Connected Network Design Problem (kESNDP). The experimental study of the parallelisation is presented after that. In the last part of this work, we present a two parallel exact algorithms: a distributed Branch-and-Bound and a distributed Branch-and-Cut. A series of experiments has been made on a cluster of 128 processors and interesting speedups has been reached in kHNDP resolution when k=3 and L=3
Magnouche, Youcef. "The multi-terminal vertex separator problem : Complexity, Polyhedra and Algorithms". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED020/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaGiven a graph G = (V U T, E) with V U T the set of vertices, where T is a set of terminals, and a weight function w, associated with the nonterminal nodes, the multi-terminal vertex separator problem consists in partitioning V U T into k + 1 subsets {S, V1,..., Vk} such that there is no edge between two different subsets Vi and Vj, each Vi contains exactly one terminal and the weight of S is minimum. In this thesis, we consider the problem from a polyhedral point of view. We give two integer programming formulations for the problem, for one of them, we investigate the related polyhedron. We describe some valid inequalities and characterize when these inequalities define facets. Using these results, we develop a Branch-and-Cut algorithm for the problem. We also study the multi-terminal vertex separator polytope in the graphs decomposable by one node cutsets. If G is a graph that decomposes into G1 and G2, we show that the multi-terminal vertex separator polytope in G can be described from two linear systems related to G1 and G2. This gives rise to a technique for characterizing the multi-terminal vertex separator polytope in the graphs that are recursively decomposable. Moreover, we propose three extended formulations for the problem and derive Branch-and-Price and Branch-and-Cut-and-Price algorithms. For each formulation we present a column generation scheme, the way to compute the dual bound, and the branching scheme. Finally, we discuss four variants of the multi-terminal vertex separator problem. We show that all these variants are NP-hard and for each one we give an integer programming formulation and present some class of valid inequalities
Lima, Karla Roberta Pereira Sampaio. "Recoloração convexa de caminhos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45134/tde-23012012-144246/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe focus of this thesis is the design of algorithms for the convex recoloring problem on paths. In this problem, the instance consists of a path whose vertices are arbitrarily colored, and the objective is to recolor the least number of vertices so as to obtain a convex coloring.Acoloring of a graph is convex if, for each color, the subgraph induced by the vertices of this color is connected. This problem is known to be NP-hard. We associate a polyhedron to this problem and investigate its facial structure. We show various classes of valid inequalities for this polyhedron and prove that many of them define facets.We present a polynomial-time dynamic programming algorithm that solves, in polynomial time, the separation problem for a large class of facet-defining inequalities.We report on the computational experiments with a branch-and-cut algorithm that we propose for the problem. Additionally, we present a heuristic that is based on a linear formulation for the problem. We also study a special case of this problem, restricted to instances consisting of colored paths in which each color occurs at most twice. For this case, which is also NP-hard, we present a 3/2-approximation algorithm. For the general case, it is known a 2-approximation algorithm.
Mahjoub, Meriem. "The Survivable Network Design Problems with High Node-Connectivity Constraints : Polyhedra and Algorithms". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED046/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaGiven a weighted undirected graph and an integer k, the k-node-connected subgraph problem is to find a minimum weight subgraph which contains k-node-disjoint paths between every pair of nodes. We introduce new classes of valid inequalities and discuss their facial aspect. We also devise separation routines, investigate the structural properties of the linear relaxation and discuss some reduction operations that can be used in a preprocessing phase for the separation. Using these results, we devise a Branch-and-Cut algorithm and present some computational results. Then we present a new extended formulation for the the k-node-connected subgraph problem, along with a Branch-and-Cut-and-Price algorithm for solving the problem.Next, we investigate the hop-constrained version of the problem. The k node-disjoint hop-constrained network design problem is to find a minimum weight subgraph such that between every origin and destination there exist at least k node-disjoint paths of length at most L. We propose an integer linear programming formulation for L=2,3 and investigate the associated polytope. We introduce valid inequalities and devise separation algorithms. Then, we propose a B\&C algorithm for solving the problem along with some computational results
Cerqueus, Audrey. "Bi-objective branch-and-cut algorithms applied to the binary knapsack problem : surrogate bound sets, dynamic branching strategies, generation and exploitation of cover inequalities". Nantes, 2015. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=fdf0e978-37d8-4290-8495-a3fd67de78f7.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this work, we are interested in solving multi-objective combinatorial optimization problems. These problems have received a large interest in the past decades. In order to solve exactly and efficiently these problems, which are particularly difficult, the designed algorithms are often specific to a given problem. In this thesis, we focus on the branch-and-bound method and propose an extension by a branch-and-cut method, in bi-objective context. Knapsack problems are the case study of this work. Three main axis are considered: the definition of new upper bound sets, the elaboration of a dynamic branching strategy and the generation of valid inequalities. The defined upper bound sets are based on the surrogate relaxation, using several multipliers. Based on the analysis of the different multipliers, algorithms are designed to compute efficiently these surrogate upper bound sets. The dynamic branching strategy arises from the comparison of different static branching strategies from the literature. It uses reinforcement learning methods. Finally, cover inequalities are generated and introduced, all along the solving process, in order to improve it. Those different contributions are experimentally validated and the obtained branch-and-cut algorithm presents encouraging results
Kokten, Selen. "Bounding Procedures On Bi-directional Labeling Algorithm Of Time Dependent Vehicle Routing Problem With Time Windows In Branch-and-cut-and-price Framework". Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613790/index.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłas future distribution network by a simulation study.
Mameri, Djelloul. "L'indépendant faiblement connexe : études algorithmiques et polyédrales". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF22513/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this work, we focus on a topology for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). A wireless sensor network can be modeled as an undirected graph G = (V,E). Each vertex of V represents a sensor and an edge e = {u, v} in E implies a direct transmission between the two sensors u and v. Unlike wired devices, wireless sensors are not a priori arranged in a network. Topology should be made by selecting some sensor as dominators nodes who manage transmissions. Architectures that have been studied in the literature are mainly based on connected dominating sets and weakly connected dominating sets.This study is devoted to weakly connected independent sets. An independent set S ⊂ V is said Weakly Connected if the graph GS = (V, [S, V \S]) is connected, where [S, V \S] is the set of edges with exactly one end in S. A sensor network topology based on weakly connected sets is partition into three groups, slaves, masters and bridges. The first performs the measurements, the second gathers the collected data and the later provides the inter-group communications. We first give some properties of this combinatorial structure when the undirected graph G is connected. Then we provide complexity results for the problem of finding the minimum weakly connected independent set problem (MWCISP). We also describe an exact enumeration algorithm of complexity O∗(1.4655|V |) (for the (MWCISP)). Numerical tests of this exact procedure are also presented. We then present an integer programming formulation for the minimum weakly connected independent set problem and discuss its associated polytope. Some classical graph operations are also used for defining new polyhedra from pieces. We give valid inequalities and describe heuristical separation algorithms for them. Finally, we develop a branch-and-cut algorithm and test it on two classes of graphs
Poss, Michaël. "Models and algorithms for network design problems". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209968.
Pełny tekst źródła\
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Barbato, Michele. "A Polyhedral Approach for the Double TSP with Multiple Stacks and Lexicographical Orders". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCD049/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this thesis we consider two problems arising in combinatorial optimization.The first one is the double traveling salesman problem with multiple stacks. In this problem a vehicle picks up a given set of items in a region and subsequently delivers them to demanding customers in another region. When an item is picked up, it is put in a stack of the vehicle. The items are delivered observing a last-in-first-out policy. The pickup phase and the delivery phase consist in two Hamiltonian circuits, each performed by the vehicle in the corresponding region. We give a new integer linear programming formulation for this problem. Its main features are the presence of precedence variables and new infeasible path constraints. We provide polyhedral results on the convex hull of the solutions to our formulation. In particular, we show strong links with a specific TSPpolytope and a specific set covering polytope. We deduce strengthening inequalities for the initial formulation, subsequently embedded in an efficient branch-and-cut algorithm. The second problem we consider consists in finding the description of the lexicographical polytopes. These are convex hulls of the integer points lexicographically between two given integer points. We give a complete description of these polytopes by means of linear inequalities. We show that the lexicographical polytope family is closed under intersection
Kämpf, Michael. "Probleme der Tourenbildung". Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:ch1-200601999.
Pełny tekst źródłaAbsi, Nabil. "Modélisation et résolution de problèmes de lot-sizing à capacité finie". Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066563.
Pełny tekst źródłaTjandraatmadja, Christian. "O problema da subsequência comum máxima sem repetições". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45134/tde-13092010-093911/.
Pełny tekst źródłaWe explore the following problem: given two sequences X and Y over a finite alphabet, find a longest common subsequence of X and Y without repeated symbols. We study the structure of this problem, particularly from the point of view of graphs and polyhedral combinatorics. We develop approximation algorithms and heuristics for this problem. The focus of this work is in the construction of an algorithm based on the branch-and-cut technique, taking advantage of an efficient separation algorithm and of heuristics and techniques to find an optimal solution earlier. We also study an easier problem on which this problem is based: given two sequences X and Y over a finite alphabet, find a longest common subsequence of X and Y. We explore this problem from the point of view of polyhedral combinatorics and describe several known algorithms to solve it.
Garcia, Renan. "Resource constrained shortest paths and extensions". Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28268.
Pełny tekst źródłaCommittee Co-Chair: George L. Nemhauser; Committee Co-Chair: Shabbir Ahmed; Committee Member: Martin W. P. Savelsbergh; Committee Member: R. Gary Parker; Committee Member: Zonghao Gu.
Pereira, Vargas Liguori Pedro. "Polyhedral approaches for some network design problems". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLED074.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis theses study the polyhedral aspects of some network design problems, focusing most on the aspects related to connectivity of the substructures necessary to build reliable network applications. At theheart of many different network design applications lies the fact that one must provide a connected subnetwork (which can be viewed as a collection of vertices or edges inducing a connected subgraph) exhibiting other desirable properties, like achieving some level of survivability or robustness, capacity constraints,or other types of budgetary constraints, depending on the context.A majority of the studies conductedand of the algorithms developed tryto take advantage of those particular aspects that differentiate one application from another, and not much attention has been given to the aspectsthat bring together these questions. Most of the studies conducted and the algorithms developed try to take advantage of those particular aspects that differentiate one application from another, and not much attention has been given to the aspects that bring together these questions. Hence, this work tries to develop an unified approach capable of exploring the most pertinent aspects of network design problems hoping that this can lead to thoughtful insights to more specific problems, being a valuable contribution to the research community and it
Rebillas, Loredo Victoria. "The multi-depot VRP with vehicle interchanges". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/664634.
Pełny tekst źródłaEn les operacions logístiques del món real es donen situacions que poden ser explotades per obtenir millors estratègies operacionals. És molt important estudiar aquestes noves alternatives, perquè poden representar una reducció significativa de costos per a les companyies que treballen en distribució de mercaderies. En aquesta tesi es defineix el Problema d'Enrutament de Vehicles amb Múltiples Dipòsits i Intercanvi de Vehicles (MDVRPVI). En aquest problema, es consideren tant la capacitat dels vehicles com els límits de duració de les rutes dels conductors. Per tal de millorar la utilització de les capacitats i temps de treball disponibles, es permet combinar parelles de rutes en punts d'intercanvi predefinits. L'objectiu d'aquesta tesi és analitzar i resoldre el problema d'Enrutament de Vehicles amb Múltiples Dipòsits, on es permet l'intercanvi de vehicles. Amb aquesta estratègia, és possible reduir els costos totals i el nombre de les rutes utilitzades respecte l'enfocament clàssic: el problema d'Enrutament de Vehicles amb Múltiples Dipòsits (MDVRP). Cal assenyalar que el MDRVP és més desafiant i sofisticat que el problema d'Enrutament de Vehicles d'un únic dipòsit (VRP). A més, molts algoritmes exactes per resoldre el VRP clàssic son complicats d'adaptar per resoldre el MDVRP (Montoya-Torres et al., 2015). Des del punt de vista de la complexitat, el MDRVPVI és NP-Dur, perquè és una extensió del problema clàssic, que també ho és. Presentem una cota ajustada de l'estalvi en els costos de distribució que es pot obtenir permetent els intercanvis. Es proposen tres formulacions de programació sencera basades en la formulació clàssica “vehicle-flow” del MDVRP. La primera formulació, degut a la seva grandària i la seva simetria, només permet resoldre instàncies molt petites. Per augmentar la dimensió de les instàncies abordables, es proposen dues formulacions addicionals que requereixen una o vàries famílies de restriccions de mida exponencial. Per això, per tal de resoldre el problema amb aquestes formulacions, ha calgut dissenyar i implementar sengles algorismes de tipus branch-and-cut. En aquests algorismes s'han implementat mètodes de separació específics per a les restriccions que no s'havien utilitzat prèviament en altres problemes de rutes. L’experiència computacional realitzada evidencia els estalvis obtinguts comparació amb les solucions corresponents l'enfocament clàssic. També es compara l’eficàcia dels tres mètodes propostes a l'hora de resoldre el problema.
Colares, Rafael. "Exploring Combinatorial Aspects of the Stop Number Problem". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAC050.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe Stop Number Problem arises in the management of a dial-a-ride system with small autonomous electric vehicles. In such a system, a fleet of identical capacitated vehicles travels along a predefined circuit with fixed stations in order to serve clients requesting for a ride from an origin station to a destination station. Notice that multiple clients may share the same origin and/or destination stations. The Stop Number Problem consists of assigning each client request to avehicle such that no vehicle gets overloaded. The goal is to minimize the number of times the fleet of vehicles stops for picking up or delivering clients. When every client requests for exactly one seat in a vehicle, Stop Number Problem is called Unit Stop Number Problem. In this thesis, Unit Stop Number Problem is addressed as a combinatorial-optimization problem.First, we investigate the complexity of such problem. On the one hand, we study some properties of optimal solutions and derive a series of particular cases that are shown to be solvable in polynomial time. On the other hand, we show that Unit Stop Number Problem is NP-Hard even when restricted to case where each vehicle can take at most two clients at once and the graph induced by the client requests is planar bipartite. Such result -- which positively answers a conjecture known in the literature -- is then extended to other related problems such as the k-Edge Partitioning and the Traffic Grooming problem, improving their respective state-of-the-art complexity standards.In a second part, we consider an integer-programming formulation known in the literature for solving the Unit Stop Number Problem. A preliminary analysis is conducted in order to prove the weakness of such formulation. Afterwards, such formulation is reinforced through a polyhedral approach. We provide a facial study of the polytope associated with the solutions of this problem. New valid inequalities are introduced and necessary and sufficient conditions for which they are facet-defining are given.Finally, based on the discussed polyhedral results, we derive a new efficient branch-and-cut algorithm. Performance boosting features such as symmetry breaking methods and variable elimination/relaxation are also investigated and implemented into the developed framework. Results convincingly demonstrate the strength of the reinforcing valid inequalities and therefore of our branch-and-cut algorithm
Huygens, David. "Design of survivable networks with bounded-length paths". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211008.
Pełny tekst źródłaWe first study the particular case where the set of demands D is reduced to a single pair {s,t}. We propose an integer programming formulation for the problem, which consists in the st-cut and trivial inequalities, along with the so-called L-st-path-cut inequalities. We show that these three classes of inequalities completely describe the associated polytope when k=2 and L=2 or 3, and give necessary and sufficient conditions for them to be facet-defining. We also consider the dominant of the associated polytope, and discuss how the previous inequalities can be separated in polynomial time.
We then extend the complete and minimal description obtained above to any number k of required edge-disjoint L-st-paths, but when L=2 only. We devise a cutting plane algorithm to solve the problem, using the previous polynomial separations, and present some computational results.
After that, we consider the case where there is more than one demand in D. We first show that the problem is strongly NP-hard, for all L fixed, even when all the demands in D have one root node in common. For k=2 and L=2,3, we give an integer programming formulation, based on the previous constraints written for all pairs {s,t} in D. We then proceed by giving several new classes of facet-defining inequalities, valid for the problem in general, but more adapted to the rooted case. We propose separation procedures for these inequalities, which are embedded within a Branch-and-Cut algorithm to solve the problem when L=2,3. Extensive computational results from it are given and analyzed for both random and real instances.
Since those results appear less satisfactory in the case of arbitrary demands (non necessarily rooted), we present additional families of valid inequalites in that situation. Again, separation procedures are devised for them, and added to our previous Branch-and-Cut algorithm, in order to see the practical improvement granted by them.
Finally, we study the problem for greater values of L. In particular, when L=4, we propose new families of constraints for the problem of finding a subgraph that contains at least two L-st-paths either node-disjoint, or edge-disjoint. Using these, we obtain an integer programming formulation in the space of the design variables for each case.
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Dans cette thèse, nous considérons le problème de conception de réseau k-arete connexe à chemins L-bornés. Etant donné un graphe pondéré G=(N,E), un ensemble D de paires de noeuds terminaux, et deux entiers k,L > 1, ce problème consiste à trouver, dans G, un sous-graphe de cout minimum tel que, entre chaque paire dans D, il existe au moins k chemins arete-disjoints de longueur au plus L. Ce problème est d'un grand intéret dans l'industrie des télécommunications, où des réseaux hautement fiables doivent etre construits.
Nous étudions tout d'abord le cas particulier où l'ensemble des demandes D est réduit à une seule paire de noeuds. Nous proposons une formulation du problème sous forme de programme linéaire en nombres entiers, laquelle consiste en les inégalités triviales et de coupe, ainsi que les inégalités dites de L-chemin-coupe. Nous montrons que ces trois types d'inégalités décrivent complètement le polytope associé lorsque k=2 et L=2,3, et donnons des conditions nécessaires et suffisantes pour que celles-ci en définissent des facettes. Nous considérons également le dominant du polytope associé et discutons de la séparation polynomiale des trois classes précédentes.
Nous étendons alors cette description complète et minimale à tout nombre k de chemins arete-disjoints de longueur au plus 2. De plus, nous proposons un algorithme de plans coupants utilisant les précédentes séparations polynomiales, et en présentons quelques résultats calculatoires, pour tout k>1 et L=2,3.
Nous considérons ensuite le cas où plusieurs demandes se trouvent dans D. Nous montrons d'abord que le problème est fortement NP-dur, pour tout L fixé et ce, meme si les demandes sont toutes enracinées en un noeud. Pour k=2 et L=2,3, nous donnons une formulation du problème sous forme de programme linéaire en nombres entiers. Nous proposons également de nouvelles classes d'inégalités valides, pour lesquelles nous réalisons une étude faciale. Celles-ci sont alors séparées dans le cadre d'un algorithme de coupes et branchements pour résoudre des instances aléatoires et réelles du problème.
Enfin, nous étudions le problème pour de plus grandes valeurs de L. En particulier, lorsque L=4, nous donnons de nouvelles familles de contraintes pour le problème consistant à déterminer un sous-graphe contenant entre deux noeuds fixés au moins deux chemins de longueur au plus 4, que ceux-ci doivent etre arete-disjoints ou noeud-disjoints. Grace à ces dernières, nous parvenons à donner une formulation naturelle du problème dans chacun de ces deux cas.
Doctorat en sciences, Spécialisation Informatique
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Ha, Minh Hoang. "Modélisation et résolution de problèmes généralisés de tournées de véhicules". Phd thesis, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00782375.
Pełny tekst źródłaGeldenhuys, Christel Erna. "An implementation of a branch-and-cut algorithm for the travelling salesman problem". Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7337.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) comprises the following: A salesman is required, by definition of his job description, to visit a set of cities. He leaves from a base city, visits each of the other cities exactly once and then returns to his base city. In travelling between city pairs, he incurs certain costs. It is a travelling salesman's constant endeavour, therefore, to find the cheapest route. A combinatorial optimisation problem involves the selection of the best alternative from a finite set of alternatives. The TSP is one of the best known and most studied combinatorial optimisation problems. At present, the branch-and-cut algorithm of Padberg and Rinaldi is the most successful algorithm for solving large-scale instances of the TSP. Padberg and Rinaldi used a general LP solver to solve the subproblem P(L, F0 , F1 ), where L is a set of side constraints, F0 is the set of variables fixed at 0 and F1 is the set of variables fixed at 1. As noted by Smith and Leenen, however, this subproblem has a special structure that was exploited by them to solve the subproblem more efficiently. In this dissertation, we would like to present improvements on Leenen's contribution. For this purpose, we compared our results with those of a commercial LP solver. It was found that our program on average executed in half the time of that of the commercial LP solver. The problem P(L, F0 , F1;) has to be solved many times in the branch-and-cut algorithm before a solution to the TSP is obtained. For large-scale instances of the TSP, a substantial portion of the execution time of the entire branch-and-cut algorithm is spent in the linearprogram optimiser. The branch-and-cut algorithm could,• therefore, be potentially more efficient if the special structure were utilised. We constructed a full implementation of the branch-and-cut algorithm, utilising the special structure. We did not, however, implement all the refinements discussed by Padberg and Rinaldi. Padberg and Rinaldi used four classes of TSP constraints: subtour elimination, 2-matching, comb and clique-tree inequalities. Owing to time constraints and the complexity of identifying the other classes of constraints, we decided to implement subtour elimination constraints only. We subsequently compared our results with those of Padberg and Rinaldi, and realised that we totally underestimated the importance of using more classes of constraints. Our search trees had become extremely huge. We realised, therefore, that more classes of constraints were essential for solving large instances of the TSP. Even though numerical errors still posed a problem, they might disappear if the size of the search tree were reduced to that obtained by Padberg and Rinaldi.
Leenen, Louise. "Contributions towards an implementation of a branch-and-cut algorithm for the travelling salesman problem". Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12237.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe STSP (symmetric travelling salesman problem) involves finding the cheapest tour through a number of cities. It is a difficult problem and until recently algorithms for the TSP could not find the optimal tour in a reasonable time if the number of cities exceeded 100. In 1987 Padberg and Rinaldi published their computational experience with a new branch-and-cut algorithm. They were able to solve problems with up to 2392 cities on a CDC CYBER 205 supercomputer. Padberg and Rinaldi used a standard LP (linear programming) solver in their implementation of the branch-and-cut algorithm. The algorithm first solves the continuous 2-matching problem (RMP2) using the LP solver. It then repeatedly identifies constraints of the TSP which are not satisfied by the current RMP2-solution and solve RMP2 with the identified TSP-constraints as side constraints. However, RMP2 is a linear programming problem with a very special structure which we exploited in an implementation of the primal simplex algorithm for RMP2. Our computational experience with this implementation indicates that it is almost 400 times faster than a commercial LP solver on problems with 200 cities. We developed an implementation of the dual simplex algorithm which exploits the special structure of both RMP2 and the side constraints identified in the branch-and-cut algorithm. An existing set of side constraints for solving a 48-eity problem was used to test our implementation of the dual simplex algorithm. We implemented the procedure described by Padberg & Rinaldi to identify subtour elimination side constraints (one type of side constraint) for the 48-eity problem. Our implementation of the identification procedure was then used in conjunction with our implementation of the dual simplex algorithm. The maximum flow problem has to be solved in the algorithm for identification of subtour elimination constraints. We implemented the Sleator-Tarjan algorithm for this purpose.
Ghaddar, Bissan. "A Branch-and-Cut Algorithm based on Semidefinite Programming for the Minimum k-Partition Problem". Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2766.
Pełny tekst źródłaContardo, Claudio. "Models and algorithms for the capacitated location-routing problem". Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/5518.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe capacitated location-routing problem (CLRP) arises as a key problem in the design of distribution networks. It generalizes both the capacitated facility location problem (CFLP) and the multiple depot vehicle routing problem (MDVRP), the first by considering additional routing decisions and the second by adding the location decision variables. In this thesis we use different mathematical programming tools to develop and specialize new models and algorithms for solving the CLRP. In Chapter 3, three new models are presented for the CLRP based on vehicle-flow and commodity-flow formulations, all of which are shown to dominate, in terms of the linear relaxation lower bound, the original two-index vehicle-flow formulation [19]. Known valid inequalities are complemented with some new ones and included using separation algorithms that in many cases generalize extisting ones found in the literature. Computational experiments suggest that flow models can be efficient for dealing with small or medium size instances of the CLRP (50 customers or less). In Chapter 4, a new branch-and-cut-and-price exact algorithm is introduced for the CLRP based on a set-partitioning formulation. The pricing problem is a shortest path problem with resource constraints (SPPRC). In particular, we consider a relaxation of such problem in which routes are allowed to contain cycles of length three or more. This is complemented with the development of new valid inequalities that are shown to be effective for closing the optimality gap as well as to restrict the appearance of cycles. Computational experience supports the fact that this method is now the best exact method for the CLRP. In Chapter 5, we introduce a new metaheuristic with the aim of finding good quality solutions in short or moderate computing times. First, a bundle of good solutions is generated with the help of a greedy randomized adaptive search procedure (GRASP). Following this, a blending procedure is applied with the aim of producing a better upper bound as a combination of all the others in the bundle. An iterative destroy-and-repair method is then applied using a location-reallocation model that generalizes the reallocation model due to de Franceschi et al. [48].
Larose, Mathieu. "Développement d’un algorithme de branch-and-price-and-cut pour le problème de conception de réseau avec coûts fixes et capacités". Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8476.
Pełny tekst źródłaMany problems in transportation and logistics can be formulated as network design models. They usually require to transport commodities, passengers or data in a network to satisfy a certain demand while minimizing the costs. In this work, we focus on the multicommodity capacited fixed-charge network design problem which consists of opening a subset of the links in the network to satisfy the demand. Each link has a capacity and a fixed cost that is paid if it is opened. The objective is to minimize the fixed costs of the opened links and the transportation costs of the commodities. We present an exact method to solve this problem based on mixed integer programming techniques. Our method is a specialization of the branch-and-bound algorithm, called branch-and-price-and-cut, in which we use column generation and cutting-plane method to solve large-scale instances. We compare our method with CPLEX, currently one of the best solver. Numerical results show that our method is competitive on medium-scale instances and better on large-scale instances.
Kéloufi, Ghalia K. "Algorithme de branch-and-price-and-cut pour le problème de conception de réseaux avec coûts fixes, capacités et un seul produit". Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15870.
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