Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Alcohol use

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Alcohol use”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 30 lipca 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Alcohol use"

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Nisha, Karobi Das, Renu Sharma i Abhishek Ghosh. "Pattern of Alcohol Use and Problems Associated with Alcohol Use Among Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder: An Exploratory Study". Nursing & Midwifery Research Journal 19, nr 2 (kwiecień 2023): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974150x231173472.

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Introduction Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is also known as alcohol dependence or alcohol addiction. In India (2020), 160 million people are consuming alcohol; among them 57 million people are alcohol dependent (Eashwar et al., 2020, Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Vol. 9, 1, p. 49). Currently, it is a major public concern. Because AUD not only affects the patients physically but also affects person’s other life aspects such as mental health, social status, financial status, spirituality, and occupation. Objective To assess the alcohol use pattern and problems due to alcohol use among patients with AUD registered in the Drug De-Addiction and Treatment Centre, PGIMER, Chandigarh. Methodology An exploratory study was conducted among 40 participants who were enrolled by purposive sampling technique. Participants were enrolled after written informed consent and interviewed as per the interview schedule comprised sociodemographic data, clinical data, and performa to assess the problems associated with alcohol use. Data coding and analysis were done with SPSS (version 26). Results More than half of the study participants (57.5%) were from the age group of 36 to 55 years with a mean age of 40.55 ± 8.941 years ranging from 24 to 58 years; all were men and 70% of participants were from upper class socioeconomic status. Nearly half (47.5%) of the participants started drinking before 20 years of age and 50% participants had been drinking alcohol for more than 15 years. Participants had many problems such as gastric disorder (80%), weight loss (55%), inefficiency at work (92.5%), increased alcohol-related expenses (88.5%), reduced sources and amount of earning (57.5%), impaired interpersonal relationship (IPR) with family (97.5%), with spouse (80%), and in society (85%). Conclusion Patients with alcohal use disorder (AUD) have many problems in various aspects of their lives, that is, health, education, occupation, finance, family, marital life, and social life.
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Sussman, Steve. "Alcohol Use Policies That Restrict Alcohol Use". Substance Use & Misuse 47, nr 12 (6.09.2012): 1250–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10826084.2012.720538.

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Alinsky, Rachel H., i Jennifer Hipp. "Adolescent Alcohol Use and Alcohol Use Disorders". Pediatrics in Review 45, nr 4 (1.04.2024): 244–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.2022-005896.

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Bonea, Maria, Madalina C. Neacsu i Ioana V. Miclutia. "Comorbidities of alcohol use disorder". Romanian Journal of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy 20, nr 2 (30.06.2018): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjpp.2018.2.6.

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Introduction: Dual diagnosis is frequent among psychiatric patients. Alcohol use disorder (AUD) negatively affects the treatment and the progression of cooccurring disorders. The reverse could also be valid, other symptoms of other diseases and therapies may hinder the achievement and maintenance of abstinence. Aim: The aim of the present study is to assess the frequency of psychiatric and medical comorbidities, of the prescribed drugs and the hospital costs related to AUD. Methods: Using AtlasMed database, we searched the patients admitted to the Cluj County Emergency Hospital Psychiatry Department between January the 1st and December 31st 2016, with a main or secondary diagnosis of alcohol dependence. The socio-demographic (age, gender, geographic area), the psychiatric and medical diagnosis and the prescribed psychotropic medications were recorded. Results: 623 alcoholic patients were admitted to the Cluj County Emergency Hospital Psychiatry Department, during a one year span, mostly men, accounting for 23% of the total number of hospitalizations and 12.1% of the hospital costs. The most frequent psychiatric comorbidities were personality disorders, major depressive disorder (MDD), neurocognitive disorders, alcohol-related psychosis and suicide attempts. The most common medical conditions in alcoholics were alcoholic liver disease (ALD), cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, alcoholic polyneuropathy, alcoholic pancreatitis, type 2 diabetes and head injuries. The most commonly prescribed psychiatric medications were benzodiazepines, anticonvulsants and tiapride. Conclusions: Alcohol dependence has become an increasingly stringent public health problem, from the point of view of prevalence, frequent admittances, relapses and comorbidities.
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Wilson, Jennifer F. "Alcohol Use". Annals of Internal Medicine 150, nr 5 (3.03.2009): ITC3–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-150-5-200903030-01003.

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Edelman, E. Jennifer, i David A. Fiellin. "Alcohol Use". Annals of Internal Medicine 164, nr 1 (5.01.2016): ITC1. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/aitc201601050.

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Edelman, E. Jennifer, i David A. Fiellin. "Alcohol Use". Annals of Internal Medicine 165, nr 5 (6.09.2016): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/l16-0107.

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Dooley, David P., i Thomas M. Brown. "Alcohol Use". Annals of Internal Medicine 165, nr 5 (6.09.2016): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/l16-0108.

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Braillon, Alain, i David B. Menkes. "Alcohol Use". Annals of Internal Medicine 165, nr 5 (6.09.2016): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/l16-0109.

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Wallace, Paul. "Alcohol use." Family Practice 18, nr 2 (kwiecień 2001): 237–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fampra/18.2.237-a.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Alcohol use"

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Long, Elizabeth C. "Developmental Trajectories of Alcohol Use and Alcohol Use Disorder". VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5111.

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Alcohol use (AU) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are leading causes of morbidity, premature death, and economic burden. They are also associated with high levels of disability and many other negative outcomes. Twin and family studies have consistently shown that AU and AUD are complex traits influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Although much has been learned about the genetic and environmental etiology of AU and AUD, significant gaps remain. These include the need for a more comprehensive understanding of the roles of risk and protective factors, and the nature of developmental trajectories underpinning the progression from AU to AUD. The aims of this dissertation are: (1) to examine the roles of resilience and personality disorders in the etiology of AU and AUD; (2) to investigate the nature of longitudinal changes in genetic and environmental risk factors responsible for individual differences in AU; and (3) to determine the moderating roles of key environmental risk factors on the impact of aggregate molecular, or polygenic, risk for AU during adolescence. Using both biometrical behavioral genetic and molecular genetic methodologies, five key findings were observed: (1) Resilience is strongly associated with a reduction in risk for AUD, and this relationship appears to be the result of overlapping genetic and shared environmental influences; (2) Borderline and antisocial personality disorders are the strongest and most stable personality pathology predictors of the phenotypic and genotypic liability to AU and AUD across time; (3) Genetic influences on the development of AUD from early adulthood to mid-adulthood are dynamic, whereby two sets of genetic risk factors contribute to AUD risk; (4) The specific genetic influences on AU follow an unfolding pattern of growth over time, whereas unique environmental risk factors are consistent with an accumulation of environmental impacts and risks across time; and (5) High peer group deviance and low parental monitoring are associated with increased AU, while early parental monitoring moderates the polygenic risk for AU at age 20. The implications of these results with regard to prevention and intervention efforts are discussed.
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Wilson, Donald L. "College students' alcohol use, parental-familial alcohol use, and family of origin". Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/941580.

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Many studies have explored the relationship of one's alcohol use both to family environment and to the drinking behavior of the parents. However, most of these studies have used clinical samples. The participants in this study were from a non-clinical, college undergraduate sample (N = 206). The sample included 69% females and 31% males who were primarily Caucasian.A causal path model was used to assess the relationships between familial alcohol use, the perceptions of family environment, propensity for substance use, and actual alcohol use. Participants completed the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) for themselves, their parents, and one sibling. Family environment measures completed by participants included: the Children of Alcoholics Screening Test (CAST) to measure the "experience" of family alcohol use; the Family of Origin Scale (FOS) as a measure of the family affectional environment; and the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scales (FACES Ill) as a measure of family structural and relational factors. The MacAndrew Scale (MAC) was completed to assess the propensity for substance use.A path analysis of the proposed model indicated that family alcohol use did not exert a significant direct effect on propensity for or actual use of alcohol, nor did it exert any significant effect on the family affectional environment. Each of these is a rather surprising result and contrary to results of previous studies. However, family alcohol use significantly affected the "experience" of living in such a family environment, especially when alcohol use became more problematic. Family alcohol use, mediated by this "experience," had significant effects on family structural components of leadership and control, as measured by FACES III. The "experience" of family alcohol use was significantly and negatively related to the affectional environment of the family. The indirect effects of this "experience" were significant only through the control component of family structure and direct effects this "experience" were significant only for actual use of alcohol. Propensity for use and actual use were also significantly related as was expected.Nearly 50% of the sample indicated a propensity for use (MAC > 24), actual problematic use of alcohol (MAST > 5), or both, when using the standard cutoff scores of these instruments. It appears that further analysis of family influences on these behaviors, especially those behaviors that create difficulties in life, is warranted. Treatment approaches have typically maintained that improved family affective and relational environments are primary treatment goals. That the affectional environment of the family was not significantly affected by familial use of alcohol was another unexpected outcome and also warrants further study.
Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
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Brightbill, Beverlyn. "Alcohol consumption and college students relating students' alcohol use to family roles, positions and family alcohol use /". Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1988. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.

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Thompson, Cassandra. "The Association Between Parental Alcohol Use in Early Childhood and Adolescent Alcohol Use". Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1565436272643583.

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Lieb, Roselind, Kathleen R. Merikangas, Michael Höfler, Hildegard Pfister, Barbara Isensee i Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Parental alcohol use disorders and alcohol use and disorders in offspring: a community study". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-103476.

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Background. We examined the association between parental alcohol use disorders and patterns of alcohol consumption and DSM-IV alcohol use disorders in their offspring in a community-based sample of young adults. Methods. Data are based on baseline and 4-year follow-up data of 2427 respondents aged 14–24 at baseline. Alcohol use and disorders in respondents were assessed using the Munich-Composite-International-Diagnostic-Interview with DSM-IV algorithms. Diagnostic information about parents was collected by family history information from the respondents, and by direct interview with one parent (cohort aged 14 to 17 years only). Results. Although the association between maternal and paternal alcohol use disorders and non-problematical drinking in offspring was minimal, there was a strong effect for the transition to hazardous use and for alcohol abuse and dependence; the effect of parental concordance for transition into hazardous use was particularly striking. Maternal history was associated with a higher probability of progression from occasional to regular use, whereas paternal history was associated with progression from regular to hazardous use. Parental alcoholism increased the risk for first onset of hazardous use and alcohol dependence between the ages of 14–17, and for an earlier onset of the alcohol outcomes in offspring. The impact of parental alcohol use disorders was comparable for male and female offspring. Conclusions. Parental alcoholism predicts escalation of alcohol use, development of alcohol use disorders and onset of alcohol outcomes in offspring.
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Lieb, Roselind, Kathleen R. Merikangas, Michael Höfler, Hildegard Pfister, Barbara Isensee i Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Parental alcohol use disorders and alcohol use and disorders in offspring: a community study". Cambridge University Press, 2002. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26445.

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Background. We examined the association between parental alcohol use disorders and patterns of alcohol consumption and DSM-IV alcohol use disorders in their offspring in a community-based sample of young adults. Methods. Data are based on baseline and 4-year follow-up data of 2427 respondents aged 14–24 at baseline. Alcohol use and disorders in respondents were assessed using the Munich-Composite-International-Diagnostic-Interview with DSM-IV algorithms. Diagnostic information about parents was collected by family history information from the respondents, and by direct interview with one parent (cohort aged 14 to 17 years only). Results. Although the association between maternal and paternal alcohol use disorders and non-problematical drinking in offspring was minimal, there was a strong effect for the transition to hazardous use and for alcohol abuse and dependence; the effect of parental concordance for transition into hazardous use was particularly striking. Maternal history was associated with a higher probability of progression from occasional to regular use, whereas paternal history was associated with progression from regular to hazardous use. Parental alcoholism increased the risk for first onset of hazardous use and alcohol dependence between the ages of 14–17, and for an earlier onset of the alcohol outcomes in offspring. The impact of parental alcohol use disorders was comparable for male and female offspring. Conclusions. Parental alcoholism predicts escalation of alcohol use, development of alcohol use disorders and onset of alcohol outcomes in offspring.
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García, Bofill Miquel. "Use of alcohol dehydrogenase and alcohol oxidase to convert alcohols in two valuable products: chlorolactone and vanillin". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673116.

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Els enzims presenten una sèrie d’avantatges catalítiques respecte als catalitzadors químics emprats en síntesis química clàssica: especificitat, selectivitat i la possibilitat de treballar en condicions suaus de temperatura i pressió. No obstant, també presenten una sèrie de limitacions com són la baixa estabilitat i les baixes productivitats. En el present treball es combinen dues tècniques per tractar d’optimitzar les reaccions d’interès seleccionades: la immobilització i l’enginyeria de reacció. Les reaccions objectiu d’aquest treball són reaccions d’oxidoreducció centrades en la biosíntesis de molècules, de mitjà i alt valor afegit, d’alt interès industrial. En la primera part de la tesis s’ha utilitzat una alcohol deshidrogenasa (ADH99) per a la oxidació de l’alcohol chlorolactol a chlorolactona i una NAD(P)H oxidasa (NOX) com a sistema de regeneració del cofactor. La chlorolactona és un precursor per a la síntesis d’estatines les quals són fàrmacs utilitzats per a la reducció del LDL-colesterol ja que inhibeixen l’enzim encarregat de la seva biosíntesis. Ambdós enzims van ser immobilitzats eficientment en diferents suports, dels quals es van seleccionar els tres que van mostrar major activitat retinguda. Seguidament es va estudiar l’estabilitat dels derivats immobilitzats en condicions de reacció i es va determinar la càrrega enzimàtica màxim per a cada enzim. Es va descartar l’ús de la NOX immobilitzada ja que no es va millorar l’estabilitat amb cap suport. Posteriorment es van optimitzar les condicions de reacció amb un disseny experimental (DoE) amb l’ADH99 soluble però utilitzant la quantitat màxima d’ADH99 que es pot afegir a la reacció quan es fa servir el l’ADH99 immobilitzada en epoxy-agarosa-UAB M2. Finalment es va estudiar la capacitat de reutilització del derivat immobilitzat, on es va poder millorar 1.5 vegades tant el producte obtingut com el rendiment del biocatalitzador. No obstant, la millor configuració va resultar ser la utilització dels dos enzims en forma soluble. La segona part d’aquesta tesis es va centrar en la reacció d’oxidació de l’alcohol vainillínic a vanil·lina biocatalitzada per l’eugenol oxidasa (EUGO). La vanil·lina és la molècula que dona les propietats organolèptiques a la vainilla, el segon aromatitzant més car del món. La síntesi de vanil·lina via biotecnològica és d’un gran interès industrial ja que pot etiquetar-se com a natural. L’EUGO va ser immobilitzada eficientment en diferents suports dels que es van seleccionar els tres que van retenir més activitat i se’n van estudiar els mateixos paràmetres de l’apartat anterior. En aquest cas els tres derivats immobilitzats van ser utilitzats per a realitzar la reacció de síntesi, amb l’objectiu de seleccionar el més estable operacionalment. Tots els derivats van permetre ser reutilitzats 5 vegades conservant una elevada conversió en l’últim cicle. L’epoxy-agarosa-UAB M2 va ser el suport que millor estabilitat va mostrar. Els bons resultats obtinguts en el segon apartat d’aquest treball van permetre aprofundir en aquesta reacció. Pel que, en el tercer apartat, es va realitzar una optimització de les condicions de reacció des del punt de vista de millorar les mètriques del procés i també amb l’objectiu de fer el procés més sostenible ambientalment. A l’hora d’escollir les noves condicions de reacció es van tenir en compte l’activitat de la EUGO i la seva estabilitat. Ambdues condicions van ser testades en la reacció objectiu amb l’EUGO soluble i immobilitzada. En les noves condicions es va poder millorar la productivitat volumètrica 5.7 i 6.6 vegades respectivament, en comparació a les condicions prèvies. Finalment, en el reciclatge de l’enzim immobilitzat es van poder realitzar 5 cicles de reacció en les primeres condicions i 18 cicles de reacció en les noves condicions on es va poder millorar el rendiment del biocatalitzador 3.9 i 12.4 vegades respectivament.
Las enzimas presentan una serie de ventajas catalíticas respecto a los catalizadores químicos empleados en síntesis química clásica: especificidad, selectividad y la posibilidad de trabajar en condiciones suaves de temperatura y presión. No obstante, también presentan una serie de limitaciones como son la baja estabilidad y las bajas productividades. En el presente trabajo se combinan dos técnicas para tratar de optimizar las reacciones de interés seleccionadas: la inmovilización y la ingeniería de reacción. Las reacciones objetivo de este trabajo son reacciones de oxidoreducción centradas en la biosíntesis de moléculas, de medio y alto valor añadido, de alto interés industrial. En la primera parte de la tesis se ha utilizado una alcohol deshidrogenasa (ADH99) para la oxidación del alcohol chlorolactol a chlorolactona y una NAD(P)H oxidasa (NOX) como sistema de regeneración del cofactor. La chlorolactona es un precursor para la síntesis de estatinas las cuales son fármacos utilizados para la reducción del LDL-colesterol puesto que inhiben la enzima encargada de su biosíntesis. Ambas enzimas fueron inmovilizados eficientemente en diferentes soportes, de los cuales se seleccionaron los tres que mostraron mayor actividad retenida. Seguidamente se estudió la estabilidad de los derivados inmovilizados en condiciones de reacción y se determinó la carga enzimática máximo para cada enzima. Se descartó el uso de la NOX inmovilizada puesto que no se mejoró la estabilidad con ningún apoyo. Posteriormente se optimizaron las condiciones de reacción con un diseño experimental (DoE) con la ADH99 soluble pero utilizando la cantidad máxima de ADH99 que se puede añadir a la reacción cuando se usa la ADH99 inmovilizada en epoxy-agarosa-UAB M2. Finalmente se estudió la capacidad de reutilización del derivado inmovilizado, donde se pudo mejorar 1.5 veces tanto el producto obtenido como el rendimiento del biocatalizador. No obstante, la mejor configuración resultó ser la utilización de las dos enzimas en forma soluble. La segunda parte de esta tesis se centró en la reacción de oxidación del alcohol vanillínico a vanillina biocatalizada por la eugenol oxidasa (EUGO). La vanillina es la molécula que da las propiedades organolépticas a la vainilla, el segundo aromatizante más caro del mundo. La síntesis de vainillina vía biotecnológica es de un gran interés industrial puesto que puede etiquetarse como natural. La EUGO fue inmovilizada eficientemente en diferentes soportes de los que se seleccionaron los tres que retuvieron más actividad y se estudiaron los mismos parámetros que en el apartado anterior. En este caso los tres derivados inmovilizados fueron utilizados para realizar la reacción de síntesis, con el objetivo de seleccionar el más estable operacionalmente. Todos los derivados permitieron ser reutilizados 5 veces conservando una elevada conversión en el último ciclo. La epoxy-agarosa-UAB M2 fue el soporte que mejor estabilidad mostró. Los buenos resultados obtenidos en el segundo apartado de este trabajo permitieron profundizar en esta reacción. Por lo que, en el tercer apartado, se realizó una optimización de las condiciones de reacción desde el punto de vista de mejorar las métricas del proceso y también con el objetivo de hacer el proceso más sostenible ambientalmente. A la hora de escoger las nuevas condiciones de reacción se tuvieron en cuenta la actividad de la EUGO y su estabilidad. Ambas condiciones fueron testadas en la reacción diana con lo EUGO soluble e inmovilizada. En las nuevas condiciones se pudo mejorar la productividad volumétrica 5.7 y 6.6 veces respectivamente, en comparación a las condiciones previas. Finalmente, en el reciclaje de la enzima inmovilizada se pudieron realizar 5 ciclos de reacción en las primeras condiciones y 18 ciclos de reacción en las nuevas condiciones donde se pudo mejorar el rendimiento del biocatalitzador 3.9 y 12.4 veces respectivamente.
Enzymes have some catalytic advantages over chemical catalysts used in classical chemical synthesis: specificity, selectivity and the possibility to work under mild conditions of temperature and pressure. However, they also have some limitations such as low stability and low productivity. This work combines two techniques aiming to optimise the target reactions: immobilisation and reaction engineering. The target reactions of this work are redox reactions focused on the biosynthesis of molecules, of medium-high value, of industrial interest. In the first part of the thesis, an alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH99) was used, with an NAD(P)H oxidase (NOX) as a cofactor regeneration system, to oxidise a chlorolactol to chlorolactone. Chlorolactone is a precursor for the synthesis of statins which are drugs used to lower LDL-cholesterol by inhibiting the enzyme responsible for its biosynthesis. Both enzymes were efficiently immobilised on different supports, selecting the three that showed the highest retained activity. The stability of the immobilised derivatives under reaction conditions was studied and the maximum enzyme load for each enzyme also was determined. The use of immobilised NOX was discarded because no stability improvements were achieved with any support. The reaction conditions were optimised by design of experiments (DoE), using soluble ADH99 added at maximum loading onto an epoxy-agarose support. Finally, the reusability of the immobilised enzyme was studied, where both the total product obtained and the biocatalyst yield could be improved 1.5-fold. However, the best configuration resulted from the use of the two enzymes in soluble form. The second part of this thesis was focused on the oxidation reaction of vanillyl alcohol to vanillin catalysed by eugenol oxidase (EUGO). Vanillin is the molecule that gives vanilla its organoleptic properties. Vanillin biotechnological synthesis is of high interest industrially because it is the second most expensive flavouring in the world and the product can be labelled as natural. Similar to the previous section, EUGO was efficiently immobilised onto different supports, selecting the three that retained most activity. These supports were used to study the stability of the immobilised enzyme and the maximum EUGO load that can be immobilised. In this case, the three immobilised derivatives were used to perform the target reaction, in order to select the most stable operationally. All immobilised derivatives could be reused 5 times maintaining a high conversion in the last cycle. Epoxy-agarose-UAB M2 was the support that showed the best stability, improving the biocatalyst yield 3-fold. The encouraging results obtained in the second section of this work allowed us to deepen the study of this reaction. Therefore, in the third section, an optimisation of the reaction conditions was carried out to improve the process metrics and also aiming to make the process more environmentally sustainable. The EUGO activity and its stability were taken into account to choose the reaction conditions. Both conditions, maximum activity and maximum stability, were tested in the target reaction with soluble and immobilised EUGO. Using the new conditions, it was possible to improve the volumetric productivity 5.7 and 6.6-fold respectively, compared to the previous conditions. Finally, the reusability of the immobilised EUGO allowed us to perform 5 reaction cycles and 18 reaction cycles, with unoptimised and optimised reaction conditions respectively. This resulted in an improvement of the biocatalyst yield of 3.9 and 12.4-fold, respectively, compared to reactions with soluble enzyme under the same conditions.
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Biotecnologia
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Au, Yeung Shiu-lun Ryan, i 歐陽兆倫. "Moderate alcohol use and health". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48521668.

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Background: Many western observational studies suggest moderate alcohol use is associated with better health including lower risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and cognitive decline. However, the apparent benefit is susceptible to confounding by healthier attributes in moderate users. Randomized controlled trials of moderate alcohol use are infeasible. To assess the validity of these association for causal inference, I examined these associations in a setting (Southern China) with a different social patterning of alcohol use from more commonly studied western populations and using a Mendelian randomization design. Objectives: This thesis utilized two large Southern Chinese cohorts, the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study (GBCS) (n=30,499) and the Elderly Health Centre (EHC) Cohort (n=64,353) to examine sex-specific association of moderate alcohol use with cognitive function using observational designs. I also examined systematic differences between alcohol users and the credibility of alcohol-metabolizing genes as instruments for Mendelian randomization in GBCS. Mendelian randomization was used to examine the effect of alcohol use on cognitive function and cardiovascular risk factors and morbidity among men in GBCS. Methods: I used multivariable linear regression to examine the adjusted association of alcohol use categories (never, occasional, social weekly (EHC only), moderate, heavy and former) with cognitive function, measured by delayed 10-word recall test (phases 1-3 of GBCS), Mini-Mental State Examination (phase 3 of GBCS) and Abbreviated Mental Test (EHC), stratified by sex and age. I used multinomial logistic regression to examine the sex-specific systematic difference by alcohol category in GBCS. I used multivariable linear regression to examine the genetic association of ALDH2 with different cardiovascular risk factors and morbidities, cognitive outcomes and liver enzymes and to assess if alcohol phenotypes mediated any apparent genetic association in men. I used 2 stage least squares (2SLS) regression to examine the association of alcohol units (10g ethanol/day) with cognitive function and cardiovascular risk factors (blood pressure, lipids and fasting glucose) and morbidities (self reported cardiovascular disease and ischemic heart disease) in men in GBCS. Results: Occasional alcohol use, rather than moderate alcohol use, was consistently associated with higher cognitive function in both studies. Systematic differences among alcohol users were present. Occasional alcohol users had better health attributes while moderate users had slightly poorer attributes compared to never users. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) was a credible instrument for Mendelian randomization. From Mendelian randomization, low to moderate alcohol use was not associated with cognitive function in men. However, it was positively associated with HDL cholesterol and diastolic blood pressure but not with fasting glucose or cardiovascular morbidity in men. Conclusions: Moderate alcohol use was not associated with cognitive function, suggesting that previous positive studies could be confounded by better health attributes in moderate users. The lack of association of alcohol use with cardiovascular morbidity despite raising HDL cholesterol is consistent with non-observational studies showing the non-causal role of HDL cholesterol in cardiovascular disease. These may suggest the apparent cardioprotection of alcohol is confounded although it remains possible that cardioprotection is population-specific via pathways other than HDL cholesterol, which require further investigations.
published_or_final_version
Community Medicine
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Doctor of Philosophy
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Vangsness, Frisch Jane Marie. "Faculty and Alcohol Use Communication". Diss., North Dakota State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10365/25571.

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Most institutions of higher education have recognized the detrimental impact of high-risk alcohol use on college students? success and it has been strongly recommended that prevention practitioners incorporate faculty members in prevention efforts in order to reduce college student alcohol use. Despite the large body of literature that has established faculty members are influential in college student success, the impact and influence faculty members have on college student alcohol use has not been thoroughly researched. The purpose of this research was to begin to understand if faculty members impact college student alcohol use. Specifically, exploring what students recall about faculty communication related to alcohol use, and the value students place on faculty expectations and communication related to their alcohol use. The findings were generated through adding five additional questions to an already existing survey instrument that was utilized on a biennial basis to collect alcohol and other drug perception and use data from students at 11 different campuses in a statewide higher education system. Findings indicated that most students never or rarely recall faculty communicating about alcohol. Men at two-year institutions were more likely to report having heard faculty communicate about alcohol use and were also more likely to report instructors? expectations as an effective way to limit or control their alcohol use. The more drinks students report per week the less effective they report faculty expectations as a way to limit or control their alcohol use; also an increase in the number of drinks per week decreased the likelihood they would change their behavior based on instructors? expectations. This study provides evidence that engaging faculty members in prevention efforts by relying on them to communicate expectations and low-risk drinking messages to students may not be as effective as suggested. There is some promise with enlisting the help of faculty with prevention efforts at smaller institutions or within cohort-based academic programs, where the same students and faculty members interact frequently. Focused training with faculty members at these smaller institutions could possibly enhance the positive impact.
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McQuire, Cheryl. "Epidemiology of prenatal alcohol use and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2018. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/110919/.

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Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) can lead to fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). FASD refers to a range of lifelong conditions caused by PAE, characterised by a distinctive facial phenotype, growth deficiencies and/or neurobehavioural impairments. This thesis presents four studies that I conducted to address knowledge gaps relevant to the epidemiology of PAE and FASD. First, objective measures of PAE are essential for identifying children at risk of adverse outcomes. Biomarkers have been advocated for use in universal PAE screening programs but their validity had not been comprehensively evaluated. I conducted a systematic review and found that biomarker test performance varied widely across studies. The quality of published studies was low, resulting in insufficient evidence to support the use of objective measures of PAE in practice. Second, the prevalence of FASD in the UK was unknown. Active case ascertainment studies have not been possible due to funding and ethical issues. To overcome these issues, I developed an algorithm to estimate FASD prevalence using existing data from a population-based birth cohort in England (ALSPAC). Up to 17% of children met criteria for FASD, indicating that it is a significant public health concern. Third, although PAE is the sole necessary cause of FASD, it is not always sufficient. Understanding risk factors for FASD is important for informing prevention strategies. However, existing studies have mostly been limited to discussion of association, rather than causation. I produced a causal diagram to depict hypothesised causal pathways to FASD. I used this diagram to guide analyses in a FASD risk factor study, reported below. Finally, I investigated FASD risk factors using multivariable logistic regression within the ALSPAC cohort. Prenatal stress, smoking and mental health problems increased the odds of FASD. Social support and folic acid supplementation were protective. These results indicate novel potential targets for FASD intervention.
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Książki na temat "Alcohol use"

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B, Cooper David, red. Alcohol use. Abingdon: Radcliffe Medical, 2000.

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Maisto, Stephen A. Alcohol use disorders. Toronto: Hogrefe & Huber, 2007.

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Einstein, Stanley, red. Drug and Alcohol Use. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0888-9.

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Smith, Connery Hilary, red. Alcohol use and abuse. Boston, MA: Harvard Health Publications, 2008.

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Company, Whitbread and. Alcohol: Use and misuse. London: Whitbread, 1992.

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Aging, National Institute on, red. Alcohol use and abuse. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute on Aging, U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, 2002.

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Saffer, Henry. Alcohol advertising and alcohol consumption by adolescents. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2003.

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Lachance, Laurie L. Alcohol, drugs and adolescents. Ann Arbor, MI (2108 School of Education, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-1259): ERIC Counseling and Personnel Services Clearinghouse, 1989.

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Schloat, Anson W., i Rosemary Keogh O'Neill. No safe amount: Women, alcohol and fetal alcohol syndrome. Mount Kisco, NY: Human Relations Media, 2008.

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Wijnberg, Ellen. Alcohol. Austin, Tex: Raintree Steck-Vaughn, 1994.

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Części książek na temat "Alcohol use"

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Pasch, Keryn E. "Alcohol Use". W Encyclopedia of Adolescence, 96–105. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1695-2_318.

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Abrams, David B., J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer i in. "Alcohol Use". W Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 65. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_100059.

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Rebhun, L. A., i Yasmina Katsulis. "Alcohol Use". W Encyclopedia of Women’s Health, 82–84. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-306-48113-0_28.

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Kreitzberg, Daniel S., i Keryn E. Pasch. "Alcohol Use". W Encyclopedia of Adolescence, 162–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33228-4_318.

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Heath, Dwight B., i Irene Glasser. "Alcohol Use". W Encyclopedia of Medical Anthropology, 293–301. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-29905-x_34.

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Windle, Michael, Jean Thatcher Shope i Oscar Bukstein. "Alcohol Use". W Issues in Clinical Child Psychology, 115–59. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0203-0_6.

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Kreitzberg, Daniel S., i Keryn E. Pasch. "Alcohol Use". W Encyclopedia of Adolescence, 1–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32132-5_318-2.

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Solomon, Bernadette. "Alcohol Use". W Alcohol Use: Assessment, Withdrawal Management, Treatment and Therapy, 7–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18381-2_2.

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Milhorn, H. Thomas. "Alcohol Dependence". W Substance Use Disorders, 41–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63040-3_4.

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Miller, Norman S., i Mark S. Gold. "Other Drug Use among Alcoholics". W Alcohol, 199–206. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3550-2_14.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Alcohol use"

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FOULKS, EDWARD F. "ALCOHOL USE IN AMERICAN INDIANS". W IX World Congress of Psychiatry. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814440912_0234.

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Hetelekides, Eleftherios, Cheryl Dickter i Adrian Bravo. "Concurrent Alcohol and Cannabis Use Influences EEG Processing of Alcohol Cues". W 2022 Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.02.000.31.

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Background. Concurrent use of alcohol and cannabis (CAM) has been shown to be common among college students (Bravo et al., 2021), and is associated with more alcohol use and related negative consequences (Cummings et al., 2019). There is evidence that both alcohol and cannabis use may be associated with changes in brain functioning and cognition (Oomen et al., 2018), including differences on tasks related to cognitive inhibition/inhibitory control (i.e., Go/NoGo tasks; Lopez-Caneda et al., 2014). A promising method for assessing potential neurocognitive changes associated with alcohol and cannabis use is by examining substance-associated event-related potentials (ERPs) using electroencephalography (EEG; Zhang et al., 2021). The present study aimed to examine differences in P300 ERPs associated with alcohol cues between binge drinking alcohol only students and binge drinking students who also consumed cannabis in the past 30-days (i.e., CAM use). Method. Fifty binge drinking college students (26 of whom also reported using cannabis over the past 30 days) were recruited from a Psychology department research pool to participate in an alcohol-related Cued Go/NoGo task while their brainwaves were measured. The task was characterized by within-subjects factors block (indicating probability of Go/NoGo task cue-target combinations), Cue (Alcohol vs. Neutral), and Target (Go vs. NoGo). Participants identified as mostly White (78%), female (72%), were freshman (64%), and reported a mean age of 18.86 (SD=0.90). To test study aims, at electrode Cz, we conducted a 2x2x2x2 mixed ANOVA with all within-subjects factors (Block, Cue, Target), and between-subjects factor CAM over the past 30 days (CAM use vs. No CAM use). Results. We observed a significant block*target*CAM interaction with a medium effect size (Richardson, 2011), F(1,47)=4.09, p=.049, η2=.08. Cue was retained as a factor in subsequent analyses in order to effectively evaluate the hypothesis. In Block 2, we found a non-significant cue*CAM interaction, F(1,47)=3.10, p=.085, η2=.06, with a medium effect size. Paired-samples t-tests revealed that individuals who used cannabis did not display a significant difference between alcohol and neutral cues, t(25)=0.243, p=.81, while individuals who did not use cannabis showed significantly greater alcohol vs. neutral cues, t(23)=2.34, p=.025. Conclusions. While preliminary, we observed a significant difference in P300 ERPs for alcohol vs. neutral cues, only in individuals who did not report using cannabis over the past 30-days. In other words, we found that CAM using individuals display similar neural reactivity to alcohol compared to neutral cues, while an alcohol vs. neutral difference was observed for alcohol-only individuals. It may be that by using another substance, alcohol stimuli lose salience, and evaluative processing indexed by the P300 is reduced. These are interesting results to be observed within a non-clinical sample of mostly-freshman college students, and provides rationale for examining neuropsychological differences between individuals who use multiple substances versus one substance in populations with more severe levels of dependence.
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Archibald, Marie Clare, Jane Cook, Hannah Hadfield, Leon Plunkett, Liz Waterson, Thomas Phillips i Lynsey Corless. "P104 Access all areas – Universal alcohol screening can improve identification of suspected harmful alcohol use or alcohol use disorder in people admitted to hospital". W Abstracts of the British Association for the Study of the Liver Annual Meeting, 19–22 September 2023. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2023-basl.119.

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Ebrahimi, Ali, Uffe Kock Wiil, Marjan Mansourvar, Amin Naemi, Kjeld Andersen i Anette Sogaard Nielsen. "Analysis of Comorbidities of Alcohol Use Disorder". W 2021 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscc53001.2021.9631512.

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Goncalves, Priscila Dib, Megan Marziali, João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia i Silvia Martins. "Early cannabis initiation is associated with dual simultaneous substance use and tri-use". W 2021 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.01.000.46.

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Introduction: Cannabis use combined with other substances, such as tobacco and/or alcohol, is related to heavy patterns of substance use and adverse social outcomes. We aimed to examine whether early age of cannabis initiation was associated with dual simultaneous substance (tobacco + cannabis / alcohol + cannabis) use and tri-use (tobacco + alcohol + cannabis). Methods: We included participants aged between 12-21 years old (n= 21,127) that reported any cannabis use in the 2016-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Blunt use was defined as smoking part of a cigar with cannabis in it (“taking some tobacco out of a cigar and replace it with marijuana”) and simultaneous alcohol/cannabis use as “using marijuana/hashish at the same time or within a couple of hours of last alcohol use”. We created four-level categorical variables, one for the exposure (age of cannabis initiation) and one for the outcome (simultaneous use). The exposure variable was comprised of the following levels based on different adolescent developmental stages: 1) 12-13 years old; 2) 14-15 years old, 3) 16-18 years old), and 4) 19-21 years old. The four outcome categories were defined as: 1) cannabis use only (no simultaneous use), 2) blunt use (simultaneous cannabis and tobacco use), 3) simultaneous alcohol/cannabis, and 4) tri-use (tobacco, cannabis and alcohol). Weighted multinomial logistic regression was used to obtain adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for categories of use, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics (reference outcome category: cannabis use only). Results: Most participants were 16+ years old (88%), non-Hispanic white (56%), with a family income equal or higher than $40K (54%) and a mean age of cannabis initiation of 15 years old. When examining simultaneous use outcomes, 70% of the participants reported some form of simultaneous use (54.85% blunt use, 14.72% tri-use, and 1.12% simultaneous alcohol/cannabis). Regarding age of cannabis initiation, 18.97% started at age 12-13, 31.85% at age 14-15, 42.18% at age 16-18 and 7.00% at age 19-21. Cannabis initiation in early adolescence (< 16 years old) was associated with simultaneous use outcomes when compared to cannabis initiation at age 16 and older. More specifically, when comparing with cannabis initiation at age 19-21, individuals reporting cannabis initiation at age 12-13 had 24.26 times the likelihood of tri-use (95% CI=17.33-33.95); and 6.64 times the likelihood of blunt use (95% CI=5.15-8.55), however, no associations were found with simultaneous alcohol/cannabis use (aOR 2.98, 95% CI= 0.94-9.37). When using cannabis initiation at age 16-18 as reference, cannabis initiation at age 12-13 was associated with six times the likelihood of tri-use (95% CI= 5.02-7.86), three times of blunt (95% CI= 2.42-3.71), and twice of simultaneous alcohol/cannabis use (95% CI= 1.26-4.40). Conclusions: Cannabis initiation in early adolescence was associated with dual and tri- simultaneous substance use. Interventions focused on delaying cannabis initiation could have a positive impact on decreasing dual and tri-substance use. Considering that 1 in 5 individuals reporting cannabis use started in early adolescence, primary prevention strategies should start before the age of 12.
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García-Ramírez, Grisel, M. J. Paschall i Joel Grube. "State marijuana and alcohol policies and co-use among adolescents". W 2022 Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.02.000.49.

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Introduction. Liberalization of marijuana laws raises concerns regarding greater availability, more favorable norms, and increased use by adolescents. Previous studies have examined associations of marijuana laws with marijuana use by youth with mixed results, but few studies have investigated the effects of marijuana and alcohol laws on marijuana and alcohol co-use. A study in Oregon found an increase in marijuana and alcohol co-use among adolescents after recreational marijuana legalization in 2015, particularly in counties with greater retail marijuana and alcohol availability. No studies, however, have investigated the combined effects of state marijuana and alcohol policies on co-use. Objective. The goal was to examine associations between variations of state-level marijuana and alcohol policies restrictiveness and marijuana and alcohol co-use among adolescents. We hypothesized that youth living in states with more liberal policies will have higher rates of marijuana and alcohol co-use and that marijuana and alcohol policies will interact such that co-use would be significantly higher when both were less restrictive. Method. We analyzed data from 13,702 students living in 25 states who participated in the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). Students were asked about marijuana and alcohol use frequency in the past 30-days. Those who engaged in marijuana and alcohol use at least once in the past 30-days were classified as marijuana and alcohol co-users (1=yes, 0=no). We assessed the restrictiveness of state-level alcohol regulatory policy environments using the 2018 Alcohol Policy Scale (APS) and created an overall Marijuana Policy Score (MPS) for each state for 2018 with higher scores representing a more liberal marijuana policy environment. Policy domains in the MPS included recreational legalization (0=no, 4=yes), medical legalization (0=no, 1=CBD only, 2=no restriction), minimum legal age for medical marijuana use (0=21 years old, 2=18 years old), decriminalization (0=no, 2=yes), retail sales (0=no, 1=off-premise, 2=on/off-premise) and home deliveries (0=not allowed 1=with restrictions, 2=no restrictions). We performed multilevel mixed logistic regression analyses using Stata version 17, accounting for nesting of schools within states and students within schools. Covariates included age, sex, ethnicity, and race. Results. Less restrictive policy environments were associated with a greater likelihood of marijuana and alcohol co-use (MPS OR=1.50, 95% CI: 1.21, 1.87; APS OR=1.03, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.05). The interaction of the state marijuana and alcohol policies showed that the least restrictive combination of these policies was marginally associated with lower odds of marijuana and alcohol co-use (OR=.99, 95% CI: 0.99, 1.00), but this association was not substantively meaningful beyond the independent effects of the two policy measures. Conclusion. Our findings show that less restrictive state-level marijuana and alcohol policy environments, especially for marijuana policies, are associated with increased prevalence of marijuana and alcohol co-use among adolescents. These findings suggest that additional prevention efforts are needed as more states liberalize their marijuana laws. Future studies should consider other negative consequences associated with less restrictive policies and resulting from co-use, and changes in marijuana and alcohol co-use among adolescents over time.
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Burnham, EL, T. Phang, J. Gaydos, D. Boe, R. Winn i M. Moss. "Alcohol Use Disorders Alter Alveolar Macrophage Gene Expression." W American Thoracic Society 2009 International Conference, May 15-20, 2009 • San Diego, California. American Thoracic Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2009.179.1_meetingabstracts.a3569.

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Chockalingam, L., E. L. Burnham i S. E. Jolley. "Utilization of Medications for Alcohol Use Disorders in ICU Patients with an Alcohol-Related Encounter". W American Thoracic Society 2021 International Conference, May 14-19, 2021 - San Diego, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2021.203.1_meetingabstracts.a1607.

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Shephard, Aaron, Simal Dölek, Sherry Stewart i Sean Barrett. "Investigating predictors of problematic cannabis use in polysubstance users". W 2022 Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.02.000.35.

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Introduction: Since its legalization in 2018, cannabis use has substantially increased in Canada. This increased use is concerning, as one in every eleven cannabis users will go on to develop a cannabis use disorder. Further, problematic cannabis use is often related to the use of additional substances, particularly nicotine and alcohol, and there is evidence to suggest that the degree of harms associated with cannabis use increases when cannabis is used in conjunction with other substances. Additionally, personality is a known risk factor for problematic substance use, although to date problematic cannabis use has not been consistently linked to any specific personality trait. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between substance use, personality, and problematic cannabis use in a sample of cannabis using polysubstance users. Method: A sample of 521 polysubstance users (past 30-day users of cannabis, alcohol, and nicotine) completed an online survey measuring their substance use, dependence, and personality. Levels of substance specific dependence was measured using the Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test – Revised, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, and the Fagerström Tests for Cigarette and E-cigarette Dependence, while personality was measured using the Substance Use Risk Profile Scale (SURPS). Results: Regression analyses showed that the top predictors for problematic cannabis use levels were levels of alcohol dependence, cigarette/e-cigarette dependence, impulsivity, and sensation seeking. Further analyses compared those who met the criteria for problematic cannabis use to those who did not; problematic cannabis users had significantly higher levels of alcohol and nicotine dependence, as well as higher levels of impulsivity and sensation seeking (all p’s <.001). Discussion: This study identified strong relationships of problematic cannabis use with problematic alcohol and cigarette/e-cigarette use, and with sensation seeking and impulsivity. The findings have implications for screening, intervention, and policy. For example, the strong relations of problematic cannabis use with problematic alcohol use speak to the inadvisability of the co-location of cannabis and alcohol sales, as is the case in several jurisdictions.
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Muzumdar, Neel, Jennifer Buckman, Alexander Sokolovsky, Anthony Pawlak, Andrea Spaeth, Kristina Jackson i Helene White. "Examining the Effects of Cannabis Use on Sleep Using Daily Diary Data". W 2022 Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.02.000.40.

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BACKGROUND: College students in the United States widely report using alcohol and cannabis as a sleep aid. Given the prevalence of sleep problems and insufficient sleep in this population, the high incidence in use and co-use of cannabis and alcohol is unsurprising. Current evidence does not support alcohol as an effective sleep aid and research on the relationship of cannabis to sleep is limited and inconsistent. Furthermore, the majority of current cannabis and sleep studies are limited to retrospective, person-level analyses even though there is a wide range of individual and day-level differences in reactivity to intoxication. PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to examine cannabis and alcohol use and their associations with sleep at both the between-person level (i.e., between-subjects comparison of chronic use behaviors) and within-person level (i.e., day-level comparison of use behaviors). METHOD: This study is a secondary analysis of longitudinal data obtained from a study characterizing the effects of simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use. Participants (n=341) completed surveys up to five times per day during two bursts of 4 weeks (54 days total) that occurred during two consecutive college semesters. Self-reported quantities of cannabis use (as number of uses) and alcohol use (as number of drinks), as well as bedtimes (night) and wake times (morning) were reported. Linear mixed models were conducted in SAS 9.4 to characterize between-person and within-person (person-mean centered) correlations of cannabis or alcohol use and sleep duration. RESULTS: Significant main effects of within-person cannabis (Estimate: 0.019, SE: 0.007, t=2.86, p=0.004) and alcohol (Estimate: -0.0402, SE: 0.0076, t=-5.28, p<0.001) use were found, as was a between-person main effect of average cannabis use (Estimate: 0.038, SE: 0.012, t=3.28, p=0.001) across the full study period. The between-person main effect of average alcohol use was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that generally heavier cannabis users sleep more than their non-using/generally light using counterparts and that they sleep more on nights following heavier use days. Interestingly, the relationship between alcohol and sleep differed between the between-person and within-person levels: alcohol use was dose-dependently associated with reduced sleep duration; however, in this sample, generally heavier alcohol users did not appear to differ in overall sleep duration compared to generally lighter alcohol users. Importantly, this sample included a wide range of substance users, none of whom were in treatment for a cannabis use disorder (CUD) or alcohol use disorder (AUD). Whether these patterns of dose-dependence would be observed over longer time periods or in individuals who meet criteria for CUD or AUD remains to be studied. Future studies will assess the effects of alcohol and cannabis co-use patterns as well as timing of consumption.
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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Alcohol use"

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Laixuthai, Adit, i Frank Chaloupka. Youth Alcohol Use and Public Policy. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, luty 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w4278.

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McClenny, Bonita, i R. D. Comstock. Alcohol Use Alcohol-Related Problems and Perceived Stress and Coping Among US Marine Corps Personnel. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, styczeń 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada419367.

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Liangpunsakul, Suthat. Phospholipids as Biomarkers for Excessive Alcohol Use. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, październik 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada613998.

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Lyman, Cory H. Alcohol Deglamorization and Norms of Alcohol Use at Air Command and Staff College. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, kwiecień 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada397318.

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Coate, Douglas, i Michael Grossman. Effects of Alcoholic Beverage Prices and Legal Drinking Ages on Youth Alcohol Use. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, marzec 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w1852.

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Kremer, Michael, i Dan Levy. Peer Effects and Alcohol Use Among College Students. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, lipiec 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9876.

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White, Dustin, Benjamin Cowan i Jadrian Wooten. March Madness: NCAA Tournament Participation and College Alcohol Use. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, wrzesień 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23821.

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Forster, Gina. Neural and Behavioral Correlates of PTSD and Alcohol Use. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, grudzień 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada610004.

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Forster, Gina. Neural and Behavioral Correlates of PTSD and Alcohol Use. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, październik 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada574729.

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Heuer, Richards J., i Jr. Alcohol Use and Abuse: Background Information for Security Personnel. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, sierpień 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada242156.

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