Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Albatross

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Albatross”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 20 lutego 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Albatross"

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Fox, CH, C. Robertson, PD O’Hara, R. Tadey i KH Morgan. "Spatial assessment of albatrosses, commercial fisheries, and bycatch incidents on Canada’s Pacific coast". Marine Ecology Progress Series 672 (19.08.2021): 205–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13783.

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Fisheries bycatch mortality poses a primary threat to the majority of the world’s 22 albatross species, 15 of which are at risk of extinction. Although quantitative estimates of albatross bycatch are often unavailable due to a relative or total absence of monitoring, spatial overlap between fisheries and albatrosses is often used to estimate the extent of interaction, a proxy for exposure to bycatch, and to inform avoidance and mitigation actions. Using comprehensive records of commercial demersal longline and trap fishing and survey information for albatrosses (black-footed albatross Phoebastria nigripes, Laysan albatross P. immutabilis, short-tailed albatross P. albatrus), the extent of spatial potential interaction was estimated in Canada’s Pacific coast waters and examined across breeding and non-breeding seasons. The distributions of albatrosses and longline and trap fisheries were found to substantially overlap, with potential interaction hotspots concentrated along the continental shelf break. Trap fisheries reported 1 albatross bycatch incident, suggesting that these fisheries are responsible for negligible albatross mortalities. In contrast, >80% of recorded albatross bycatch incidents occurred within 10 km of albatross-longline fisheries hotspot locations, providing evidence that longline-albatross potential interaction hotspots represent actual areas of elevated bycatch mortality risk. Indicative of potential conservation concern, 60% of short-tailed albatross sightings occurred within 10 km, and 93% within 30 km, of longline-albatross potential interaction hotspots. By contributing knowledge regarding albatross-fisheries interactions, in addition to undertaking the first evaluation of albatross-fisheries hotspots with recorded bycatch incidents on Canada’s Pacific coast, this study represents a step towards enhancing albatross conservation through bycatch avoidance and mitigation.
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Xavier, José C., John P. Croxall i Kate A. Cresswell. "Boluses: An Effective Method for Assessing the Proportions of Cephalopods in the Diet of Albatrosses". Auk 122, nr 4 (1.10.2005): 1182–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/122.4.1182.

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AbstractThe method of collecting and analyzing boluses to characterize the cephalopod diet of albatrosses has been used in many diet studies. However, no study has validated this method. We compared boluses and stomach samples from Gray-headed Albatrosses (Thalassarche chrysostoma) and Black-browed Albatrosses (T. melanophris) to (1) study the consumption and diversity of cephalopods in these species, (2) investigate biases associated with each sampling method, and (3) estimate the number of samples needed to characterize these albatross’s cephalopod diet. We found that collection and analysis of boluses is a simple, efficient, and noninvasive method for assessing the cephalopod diet of these albatross species, but it is inadequate for characterizing the more easily digestible dietary components, such as fish and crustaceans. Both boluses and stomach samples showed that the two albatross species fed on cephalopods of similar sizes and from the same families (Ommastrephidae, Onychoteuthidae, and Cranchiidae). Furthermore, the main prey species (Martialia hyadesi, Kondakovia longimana, and Galiteuthis glacialis) and the total number of cephalopod species consumed (18–24 species) were the same for both albatrosses. To include all cephalopod species, using a sample-randomization technique, a minimum of 61 and 43 boluses were needed for Gray-headed and Black- browed albatrosses, respectively; but to adequately describe the diversity and size frequency of the main prey species, 82 and 371 boluses would be needed.Les Pelotes de Réjection: Une Méthode Efficace pour Évaluer la Proportion de Céphalopodes dans le Régime Alimentaire chez les Albatros
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Suryan, Robert M., i Karen N. Fischer. "Stable isotope analysis and satellite tracking reveal interspecific resource partitioning of nonbreeding albatrosses off Alaska". Canadian Journal of Zoology 88, nr 3 (marzec 2010): 299–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z10-002.

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Albatrosses (Diomedeidae) are the most threatened family of birds globally. The three North Pacific species ( Phoebastria Reichenbach, 1853) are listed as either endangered or vulnerable, with the population of Short-tailed Albatross ( Phoebastria albatrus (Pallas, 1769)) less than 1% of its historical size. All North Pacific albatross species do not currently breed sympatrically, yet they do co-occur at-sea during the nonbreeding season. We incorporated stable isotope analysis with the first simultaneous satellite-tracking study of all three North Pacific albatross species while sympatric on summer (nonbreeding season) foraging grounds off Alaska. Carbon isotope ratios and tracking data identify differences in primary foraging domains of continental shelf and slope waters for Short-tailed Albatrosses and Black-footed Albatrosses ( Phoebastria nigripes (Audubon, 1839)) versus oceanic waters for Laysan Albatrosses ( Phoebastria immutabilis (Rothschild, 1893)). Short-tailed and Black-footed albatrosses also fed at higher trophic levels than Laysan Albatrosses. The relative trophic position of Black-footed and Laysan albatrosses, however, appears to differ between nonbreeding and breeding seasons. Spatial segregation also occurred at a broader geographic scale, with Short-tailed Albatrosses ranging more north into the Bering Sea than Black-footed Albatrosses, which ranged more to the southeast, and Laysan Albatrosses more to the southwest. Differences in carbon isotope ratios among North Pacific albatross species during the nonbreeding season likely reflect the relative proportion of neritic (more carbon enriched) versus oceanic (carbon depleted) derived nutrients, and possible differential use of fishery discards, rather than latitudinal differences in distribution.
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Cuthbert, Richard J., John Cooper i Peter G. Ryan. "Population trends and breeding success of albatrosses and giant petrels at Gough Island in the face of at-sea and on-land threats". Antarctic Science 26, nr 2 (9.07.2013): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102013000424.

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AbstractSeveral factors threaten populations of albatrosses and giant petrels, including the impact of fisheries bycatch and, at some colonies, predation from introduced mammals. We undertook population monitoring on Gough Island of three albatross species (Tristan albatross Diomedea dabbenena L., sooty albatross Phoebetria fusca Hilsenberg, Atlantic yellow-nosed albatross Thalassarche chlororhynchos Gmelin) and southern giant petrels Macronectes giganteus (Gmelin). Over the study period, numbers of the Critically Endangered Tristan albatross decreased at 3.0% a year. Breeding success for this species was low (23%), and in eight count areas was correlated (r2 = 0.808) with rates of population decline, demonstrating chick predation by house mice Mus musculus L. is driving site-specific trends and an overall decline. Numbers of southern giant petrels were stable, contrasting with large increases in this small population since 1979. Significant population declines were not detected for either the Atlantic yellow-nosed or sooty albatross, however, caution should be applied to these results due to the small proportion of the population monitored (sooty albatross) and significant interannual variation in numbers. These trends confirm the Critically Endangered status of the Tristan albatross but further information, including a more accurate estimate of sooty albatross population size, is required before determining island wide and global population trends of the remaining species.
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Croxall, J. P., i P. A. Prince. "Dead or alive, night or day: how do albatrosses catch squid?" Antarctic Science 6, nr 2 (czerwiec 1994): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102094000246.

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For many albatross species squid are important prey. Whether albatrosses depend on scavenging (e.g. of vomit from cetaceans, post-spawning die-offs or fishery waste) or on live-capture of squid (e.g. via diel vertical migrations in association with aggregations of squid prey) is controversial. This review of the nature of interactions between squid and the four species of albatross breeding at South Georgia uses data on the foraging range, methods and timing of feeding of the albatrosses in relation to the size, distribution, buoyancy characteristics (floaters or sinkers), bioluminescence and prey of the squid and access to fishery waste. We conclude that most evidence for scavenging needs critical re-evaluation; nevertheless, whereas wandering albatrosses and possibly light-mantled sooty albatrosses probably depend significantly on scavenged squid, black-browed and especially grey-headed albatrosses are unlikely to do so.
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Dalziell, Janet, i Maj De Poorter. "Seabird mortality in longline fisheries around South Georgia". Polar Record 29, nr 169 (kwiecień 1993): 143–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400023597.

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Incidental mortality of Southern Ocean seabirds due to fishing activities well away from the breeding grounds has been implicated in the population declines of wandering albatross (Diomedea exulans) on South Georgia (Croxall and others 1990) and lies Crozet, black-browed albatross (Diomedea melanophris) on lies Kerguelen, and possibly the southern giant petrel (Macronectes giganteus) (Jouventin and Weimerskirch 1990). Albatrosses are particularly at risk from longline fisheries, based on the high proportion in recoveries of banded birds from longline fishing vessels off Brazil (Croxall and Prince 1990), and on direct observation of albatross during surface and midwater longline fishing for tuna in the Tasman Sea (Brothers 1991).
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Gallo-Cajiao, Eduardo. "Evidence is required to address potential albatross mortality in the New South Wales Ocean Trawl fishery." Pacific Conservation Biology 20, nr 3 (2014): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc140328.

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To examine the current management of trawl fisheries is important to ensure albatross mortality is not being overlooked. By-catch of albatrosses in trawl fisheries occurs cryptically, which has hindered the development of conservation policy. The implementation of tasked seabird observer programmes in trawl fisheries, nevertheless, has shown that albatross mortality can happen at threatening levels. Consequently, mitigation measures have been developed and adopted in some trawl fisheries. Despite this, some trawl fisheries lack clear policy in relation to albatross mortality. In this context, I investigated the management of potential albatross mortality in a state trawl fishery, the New South Wales Ocean Trawl, in Australia. I conducted a literature search and addressed a set of questions to the responsible management agency through questions on notice at the State Parliament of New South Wales to understand albatross interactions from a policy standpoint. My results indicate that current policy neither encompasses albatross mortality nor is evidence-based. However, the combination of characteristics of this fishery and its overlap with albatross occurrence, along with the reported albatross mortality from other trawl fisheries, may warrant the need to collect empirical evidence on potential albatross interactions. Hence, the responsible management agency should take action according to legal obligations. In this scenario, I recommend the implementation of a tasked seabird observer programme, collection of baseline data, and adoption of adaptive management by the examined fishery. As uncertainty can hamper conservation efforts because management actions require evidence, it is imperative to fill current information gaps in this fishery. Additionally, an improved understanding of albatross mortality from individual trawl fisheries across different fisheries management jurisdictions will enable the prioritization of conservation efforts of this avian taxon in an international and multi-gear fishing context.
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Milot, Emmanuel, Henri Weimerskirch, Pierre Duchesne i Louis Bernatchez. "Surviving with low genetic diversity: the case of albatrosses". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 274, nr 1611 (3.01.2007): 779–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.0221.

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Low genetic diversity is predicted to negatively impact species viability and has been a central concern for conservation. In contrast, the possibility that some species may thrive in spite of a relatively poor diversity has received little attention. The wandering and Amsterdam albatrosses ( Diomedea exulans and Diomedea amsterdamensis ) are long-lived seabirds standing at an extreme along the gradient of life strategies, having traits that may favour inbreeding and low genetic diversity. Divergence time of the two species is estimated at 0.84 Myr ago from cytochrome b data. We tested the hypothesis that both albatrosses inherited poor genetic diversity from their common ancestor. Within the wandering albatross, per cent polymorphic loci and expected heterozygosity at amplified fragment length polymorphisms were approximately one-third of the minimal values reported in other vertebrates. Genetic diversity in the Amsterdam albatross, which is recovering from a severe bottleneck, was about twice as low as in the wandering albatross. Simulations supported the hypothesis that genetic diversity in albatrosses was already depleted prior to their divergence. Given the generally high breeding success of these species, it is likely that they are not suffering much from their impoverished diversity. Whether albatrosses are unique in this regard is unknown, but they appear to challenge the classical view about the negative consequences of genetic depletion on species survival.
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Thorne, L. H., M. G. Conners, E. L. Hazen, S. J. Bograd, M. Antolos, D. P. Costa i S. A. Shaffer. "Effects of El Niño-driven changes in wind patterns on North Pacific albatrosses". Journal of The Royal Society Interface 13, nr 119 (czerwiec 2016): 20160196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2016.0196.

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Changes to patterns of wind and ocean currents are tightly linked to climate change and have important implications for cost of travel and energy budgets in marine vertebrates. We evaluated how El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-driven wind patterns affected breeding Laysan and black-footed albatross across a decade of study. Owing to latitudinal variation in wind patterns, wind speed differed between habitat used during incubation and brooding; during La Niña conditions, wind speeds were lower in incubating Laysan (though not black-footed) albatross habitat, but higher in habitats used by brooding albatrosses. Incubating Laysan albatrosses benefited from increased wind speeds during El Niño conditions, showing increased travel speeds and mass gained during foraging trips. However, brooding albatrosses did not benefit from stronger winds during La Niña conditions, instead experiencing stronger cumulative headwinds and a smaller proportion of trips in tailwinds. Increased travel costs during brooding may contribute to the lower reproductive success observed in La Niña conditions. Furthermore, benefits of stronger winds in incubating habitat may explain the higher reproductive success of Laysan albatross during El Niño conditions. Our findings highlight the importance of considering habitat accessibility and cost of travel when evaluating the impacts of climate-driven habitat change on marine predators.
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Catry, Paulo, Richard A. Phillips i John P. Croxall. "Sustained Fast Travel by a Gray-Headed Albatross (Thalassarche Chrysostoma) Riding an Antarctic Storm". Auk 121, nr 4 (1.10.2004): 1208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/121.4.1208.

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Abstract A Gray-headed Albatross (Thalassarche chrysostoma) was recorded traveling, in the course of a foraging trip, at a minimum average ground speed of >110 km h−1 for ∼9 h with virtually no rest. After taking into account the sinuosity of albatross flight, actual mean ground speed was predicted to be ≥127 km h−1, achieved in association with high tailwinds during an Antarctic storm. Despite its high speed and the storminess of the sea, the albatross still managed to successfully locate and capture prey at a rate comparable to that achieved under less extreme conditions. This individual's performance suggests that albatrosses have the capacity to maintain positive energy budgets while quickly covering long distances and taking advantage of the strong winds that are frequent in the Southern Ocean.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Albatross"

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Nardandrea, Coral H. "Her Name is Albatross". Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1490701861485156.

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Sprague, Rachel Seabury. "Glucocorticoid physiology and behavior during life history transitions in Laysan Albatross (Phoebastria immutabilis)". Diss., [Missoula, Mont.] : The University of Montana, 2009. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-05192009-102121.

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Delilovic, Lejla, i Nicole Kvist. "Effektivisering av rumsutnyttjandet på barnavdelningen Albatross, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset Huddinge". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-233166.

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Personalen på barnavdelningen Albatross, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset i Huddinge har känt av ett behov av att på ett användarvänligt och lättåtkomligt sätt komma åt information om antalet lediga och upptagna rum på avdelningen. Förslag på en visuell digital lösning till avdelningen skulle kunna bidra till att skapa effektivare arbete. Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset har för nuvarande ingen lösning för att uppfylla detta behov. Projektet som beskrivs i denna rapport handlar om att ta fram en förslagsmodell för att möta personalens behov. Modellens utformning baserades på personalens önskemål för rumsvisning. Modellen skapades utifrån diskussion med sjukvårdspersonal, en observationsstudie samt analys av data från Karolinskas journalsystem, TakeCare. Inspiration till modellen hämtades från en befintlig prototyp på enheten Strategisk Sjukvårdsutveckling och Vårdproduktion, Karolinska Solna. Arbetet utmynnade i en rumsvisningsmodell som skapades i programmet Tableau och integrerades med en rörelsesensor. Modellen kan detektera aktivitet av rörelse i ett rum och presentera denna aktivitet i rumsvisningmodellen i Tableau. Denna modell kan dock inte i nuläget redovisa för vem som befinner i rummet eller om rummet har kvitterats. För att uppfylla dessa kriterier behöver förslagsmodellen utvecklas mer omfattande. Detta är ett potentiellt vidare arbete inom området.
The staff at the children's ward Albatross, Karolinska University Hospital in Huddinge, have identified a need to access information about the number of vacant and occupied rooms in the department in a user-friendly and easily accessible way. Suggestions for a visual digital solution to the department could help create more efficient work. Karolinska University Hospital has currently no solution to forfill this need. The project described in this report is about developing a proposal model to try to forfill the needs of the staff. The model design was based on the staff's wishes for room displaying. The model was created on the basis of discussion with healthcare professionals, an observation study and an analysis of data from Karolinska's journal system, TakeCare. Inspiration for the model was taken from an existing prototype on the Unit Strategic Health Care and Care Production, Karolinska Solna. The work resulted in a space display model created in Tableau Software and integrated with a motion sensor. The model can detect movement activity in a room and present this activity in the Table View model in Tableau. However, this model can not currently display for who is in the room or if the room has been subscribed. In order to meet these criteria, the proposal model needs to be developed more extensively. This is potential further work in the field.
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Jones, M. Genevieve W. "Individual variation in reproductive success in the wandering Albatross". Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11500.

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To conserve threatened species it is important to protect the productive individuals, and so I aimed to identify factors accounting for individual-level variation in long-term reproductive success. I examined current breeding characteristics that might explain past reproductive performance amongst experienced breeders.
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Hector, J. A. L. "The comparative reproductive endocrinology of Diomedea Albatrosses at South Georgia". Thesis, University of Bristol, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.354456.

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Bonnin, V. "From albatross to long range UAV flight by dynamic soaring". Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2016. http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/26931/.

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In the domain of UAVs, endurance and range are key utility factors. However, small-sized UAVs are faced with serious limitations regarding energy storage options. A way to address this challenge is to seek for energy from the surrounding environment. One flight technique, called dynamic soaring, has been perfected by large seabirds like the albatross, which enables them to wander effortlessly in southern oceans. This thesis investigates the feasibility to find inspiration from the biological world in order to address the issue of limited endurance. First of all, an extensive literature background sums-up a range of technical aspects that can be learnt out of the flight of albatrosses. It reviews their morphology, flight performance and sensitivity to wind strength, their flight characteristics and energy expenditure management. Then, a methodology to simulate dynamic soaring flight is built-up by focusing first on adequate models for the vehicle and for the environment. It details the way those models are described quantitatively and qualitatively. As for the vehicle, a point mass model is chosen and applied to fixed-wing gliders of several scales, as well as to an albatross of generic dimensions. The environment is first modelled by classical boundary layer theory on a rather flat surface and then refined by taking into account specificity about the ocean boundary layer, such as varying roughness length and surface waves. Equations of motion are detailed for both points of views, earth-relative and air relative. This yields two different sets of equations of motion, eventually representing equivalent physics. An optimization problem is then set in order to determine, for the vehicle, how to extract energy from its environment. Variations in objective function and in constraints are described before presenting the numerical integration scheme which converts the optimization problem into that of finite-dimension. The solving tools and their specificity are presented, followed by a validation of the overall methodology with a particular study case from the literature. Basic principles of dynamic soaring flight are explicated by using a specific closed-loop study case. Energy-harvesting mechanisms are disclosed locally and next integrated over the whole flight path. A further illustration of dynamic soaring is provided by relaxing some periodicity constraints and opening the trajectory. The specificity of the ocean boundary layer environment is finally implemented and a refined energy-harvesting strategy is presented. Air relative equations of motion are dimensionless so as to highlight specific dynamic soaring behaviours, in the case of a simplified linear wind profile and eventually by finding an appropriate non-dimensionalization for a logarithmic wind profile. Conditions of similarities between dimensionless solutions are described and some basic dynamic soaring characteristics are outlined. Finally, various dynamic soaring performance study case are computed. Optimized trajectories are implemented for the selected vehicles and compared on a required wind strength basis. The sensitivity of the required wind strength to the net flight heading as well as to the ground clearance and to the surface roughness length is determined by drawing performance charts. In order to enlarge the scope of favourable dynamic soaring conditions, thrust-augmented trajectories are considered. The range improvements offered by dynamic soaring are compared to a straight line case, for different wind strength and different net flight headings.
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Sztukowski, Lisa Ann. "Foraging ecology of the Campbell Albatross : individual specialisation and fishery interactions". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/5377.

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Most albatrosses are critically endangered, endangered or vulnerable due to the deleterious impact of fisheries, pollution, introduced species, habitat alteration, and climate change. Foraging behaviour influences many aspects of seabird biology, and a detailed understanding of foraging ecology is required to better predict the impacts of significant changes to the marine environment. Campbell Albatross (Thalassarche impavida) is a threatened endemic, confined to a small number of locations on Campbell Island, New Zealand and was recently split from the closely related Black-browed Albatross (T. melanophrys). We currently lack much basic information on the foraging behaviour of this species, hindering our ability to understand how change may have occurred in the past and make predictions about it’s long-term future. First, I used GPS loggers and stable isotope analysis of blood to investigate how distribution and foraging effort (distance travelled and duration) varied with sex and breeding stage. I found that Campbell Albatrosses are sexually dimorphic and showed sex-specific foraging behaviour and habitat use – although this varied by stage of reproduction. Because males and females may be vulnerable to different threats, such as interactions with fisheries, I compared the spatial overlap and high resolution spatio-temporal overlaps between fisheries vessels and albatrosses within New Zealand’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). Albatrosses utilised 32% of the EEZ, however they overlapped with fisheries vessels in only 0.20% of the area. Previous research has demonstrated that the influence of fisheries vessels goes beyond the immediate location of the boat itself. Campbell Albatross have low levels of spatio-temporal overlap with fisheries – with males overlapping more than females. More generally, my results indicate that adding data on fine scale interactions will improve fisheries risk assessments, and provide information needed for the conservation and management of the Campbell Albatross. A key development in recent ecological research has been a greater appreciation that inter-individual variation in foraging behaviour can have profound population-level consequences. Accordingly I tested for individual differences in foraging behaviour in Campbell Albatrosses. The majority of individuals demonstrated both annual and inter-annual individual consistency in foraging locations, and the degree of specialisation was influenced by both sex and year. Consistent terminal latitude and longitude of foraging trips indicated high foraging area fidelity with a degree of flexibility in the fine-scale location. During brooding, females used the Campbell Plateau and showed more consistent behaviours than males, which tended to forage in the Southern Ocean. This adds to a growing body of evidence of individual foraging specialisation among seabirds in general and albatrosses in particular and reveals marked inter-individual differences in vulnerability to threats. In light of the evidence of individual foraging specialisations in the Campbell albatross, I also preformed a literature review of individual foraging specialisations across all seabirds. I found studies examining foraging specialisation for 35 species, with 28 (80%) providing evidence of consistent inter-individual differences (i.e. specialisation). Current studies suggest that specialisation is influenced by environmental variability and resource predictability, however, with limited data in tropical regions, more studies are needed to test these links. In summary, my thesis has provided new information on Campbell Albatross foraging ecology. Sex specific variations in behaviour and habitat use may influence conservation and management strategies. I have been able to contextualise the consistent individual differences in foraging distribution described for this species in light of global patterns of individual foraging specialisation in seabirds and highlight future areas of research.
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Wilson, David Joseph Humanities &amp Social Sciences Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "The eagle and the albatross : Australian aerial maritime operations 1921-1971". Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. School of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2003. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38665.

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The aim of this thesis is to examine the relationship between the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) and the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) regarding the operation of aircraft from ships of the RAN and from RAAF shore bases. The effects of the separate intellectual development of maritime doctrine in the RAAF and RAN, and the efforts of the two Australian services to transfer theory into practice will be considered in the pre- (and post) World War II period, with due consideration of the experience of the services in both wars. The thesis will also discuss the problems that were faced by the RAAF and RAN to develop mutually acceptable operational procedures to enable the efficient use of aircraft in a maritime setting. The influence and effect on RAAF and RAN doctrine and equipment procurement, as a result of the special relationships that developed between the Air Force and Navy of Australia and Britain will be critically examined. A similar approach to the post war US/Australian relationship, and its effect on the Australian services, will also be critically examined. The thesis being propounded is that the development of a unique Australian maritime policy was retarded due to a combination of the relationship with Britain and the United States, lack of suitable equipment, lack of clear operational concepts in both the RAAF and RAN and the parochial attitude of the most senior commanders of both Services. The study has been based on Department of Navy, Department of Air and Department of Defence documents held in the National Archives of Australia in Canberra and Melbourne. In addition, relevant documents from the Admiralty and Air Ministry related to the development of naval aviation on RAN vessels during World War I, the attitude of the RAF toward the deployment of RAAF units to Singapore, and the negotiations that resulted in the procurement of HMA Ships Sydney and Melbourne, have been perused. Wartime operational records of the RAAF have been examined to obtain data to enable a critical study to be made of the RAAF anti-submarine campaign, torpedo bomber operations and the maritime campaign undertaken from bases in North Western Area during World War II. The influence of the commander of the United States 5th Air Force has also been incorporated in the discussion. The research uncovered procedural and operational variations between the two Services, the diversion of key elements from Australian command and the priority given to the American line of advance that resulted in Australian operations being given a secondary, supportive, status. A conclusion reached as a result of this research has been that the development of a unique Australian maritime aerial capability was restricted by the requirement of Britain to deploy flying units to Singapore in 1940. Similarly, the pressure exerted on the RAN by the Admiralty to purchase the Light Fleet Carriers in the late 1940s was more in the interests of the RN and British foreign policy than that of the RAN. Overall, the relationship with the Britain and the United States masked the real weakness in Australia???s maritime operations and retarded its development.
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Deittert, Markus. "The Albatross UAV : propulsion by dynamic soaring for unmanned aerial vehicles". Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.557598.

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Dynamic soaring is an engineless flight technique, which extracts energy from a wind gradient. i.e. a change in wind speed with height. It is the key method by which albatrosses achieve their long endurance flight of several thousand miles, flown with hardly a flap of their wings. Such flying takes the albatross close to the water's surface and usually occurs in strong wind conditions. Development of unmanned aerial vehicles (DAVs) is driven by the need of long endurance flight. Techniques such as increasing the engine's fuel efficiency and increasing the amount of fuel carried on-board, suffer from diminishing returns. To achieve ultra long en- durance flight the limits of on-board energy storage must -be overcome by exploiting a source of ambient environmental energy. This thesis investigates dynamic soaring flight as a means of propulsion for DAVs of about 3 metres wingspan. Trajectory optimisation is the central method of investigation used in this thesis. A faster and more efficient approach is presented in this work. by exploiting the DAV's flight model's differential flatness property. The trajectory optimisation process is used to establish outer bounds on the range of feasible wind speeds. for a generic example DAV. From these outer bounds, the probability of favourable winds is investigated, in six candidate locations in the Antarctic Ocean. the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea and the English Channel. Our example DAV's flight performance closely matches the albatross' flight performance in its natural habitat, the Antarctic Ocean. However, the achievable likelihood of favourable winds is too low in European waters to justify using dynamic soaring as a primary means of propulsion and it must be used together with other flight techniques and propulsion methods to achieve adequate reliability and robustness. By studying the sensitivity of the minimal and maximal wind conditions to flight path con- straints and physical parameters of the DAV model, further insight is gained into the technique of dynamic soaring. Previous work by other authors concentrated upon finding general tra- jectories, with flight models carefully normalised to reduce the number of parameters to one or two variables which represent the whole aircraft. In this thesis, parameters are considered individually. Key results are identification of the maximum airspeed limit as a key factor for the upper bound on feasible wind speeds and the height of the trajectory's low point above ground as a key factor for overall performance. Establishing outer bounds on the feasible wind speed range naturally raises the question of which range of wind speeds within the outer bounds can be exploited in practice. Wind speeds of sufficient magnitude for dynamic soaring are strongly associated with atmospheric turbulence. Because dynamic soaring trajectories are situated very close to the surface, trajectory errors are a particular concern. The ability of an DAV to fly in turbulent conditions is thus closely related to the ability of its control system to reject external disturbances. The performance of a periodic LQR-based controller is evaluated in simulation with particular care having been placed on the turbulence model. It was found, that stabilising the UAV on the nominal trajectory does not necessarily coincide with good energy management and a future control system design should explicitly address energy extraction and management.
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Vincent, Zachariah David. "Survival and reproduction in a biennially-breeding seabird : the Wandering Albatross". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14713.

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Includes bibliographical references.
I studied a long-term data set for Wandering Albatrosses Diomedea exulans collected at sub-Antarctic Marion Island to investigate adult survival, breeding biology and factors affecting reproductive success of this long-lived pelagic seabird. Until recently, the complex adult life cycle has caused biases in conventional mark-recapture modelling analyses that assume that recapture probability is equal for 'observable' and 'unobservable' states of the biennial adult life cycle. During 'sabbaticals' taken after successful and late-failed breeding attempts, the chances of resighting an adult Wandering Albatrosses are reduced, thus affecting estimated recapture rates. I applied a multi-state mark-recapture method to the colony breeding data from Marion Island (1987-2005). This method allows individual albatrosses to move through a network of breeding states according to previous breeding history using transition probabilities to estimate survival, breeding and breeding success probability. The best fit models in the multi-state analysis were those representing constant survival and independent breeding probabilities, suggesting that Wandering Albatrosses constrain reproductive investment to ensure long-term survival. I used the parameter estimates in a transition matrix to calculate the steady state equilibrium for the Wandering Albatross breeding population. For the first time I was able to estimate that approximately 3000 pairs of Wandering Albatrosses use Marion Island for nesting. I also describe the effects of age, sex and experience on Wandering Albatross reproductive success. Birds that were most successful began breeding at the mean age of first breeding and older and younger birds were less successful in 5/10 year periods after the onset of breeding. Disappearance from the population decreased with an increase of age of first breeding. I tested the selection and experience hypotheses on birds with 'complete' histories defined according to an imposed rule on recovery data. Males appeared to increase breeding success as a result of selective removal of low-quality individuals from the population (the selection hypothesis), whereas females appeared to improve their breeding success as a result of increased experience.
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Książki na temat "Albatross"

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Sally, Morgan. Laysan Albatross. Mankato, Minn: Smart Apple Media, 2011.

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Meg, Noonan, red. Albatross. Hingham, MA: Wheeler Pub., 1994.

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Evelyn, Anthony. Albatross. Thorndike, Me: G.K. Hall, 1997.

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Bloss, Josie. Albatross. Woodbury, Minn: Flux, 2010.

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Albatross. Woodbury, Minn: Flux, 2010.

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Evelyn, Anthony. Albatross. Bath: Windsor, 1997.

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Molnar, Michael. Laysan albatross. Mankato, Minn: Smart Apple Media, 2012.

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The albatross. Auckland, NZ: Reed Children's Books, 2002.

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Gold albatross. [Osprey, Fla.?]: T. Volino, 2010.

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The Hotel Albatross. Milsons Point, NSW: Vintage, 1995.

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Części książek na temat "Albatross"

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Gooch, Jan W. "Albatross". W Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 25. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_384.

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Norton, Dewey. "Systems: From Albatross to Advantage". W The Executive’s Guide to Financial Management, 285–319. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-51120-1_11.

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Whalley, George. "The Mariner and the Albatross". W Studies in Literature and the Humanities, 15–34. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07777-9_2.

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Fern, Maxime, i Michael Johnstone. "Epilogue—the Albatross and the Conductor". W Provocation as Leadership, 232–34. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003321200-25.

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Canzoneri, Matthew B., i Behzad T. Diba. "The SGP: Delicate Balance or Albatross?" W The Stability and Growth Pact, 53–74. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230629264_3.

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"DE Albatros/ FROM Albatross". W The Poetess Counts to 100 and Bows Out: Selected Poems by Ana Enriqueta Teran, 86–99. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400825202.86.

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Troy, Michele K. "Made in Britain?" W Strange Bird. Yale University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300215687.003.0006.

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This chapter examines how Albatross Press carved its reputation as an ambassador for British books in Continental Europe. From its inception, John Holroyd-Reece had publicly framed Albatross as British, much to the ire of the British publishing establishment. Yet he insisted that Albatross's sympathies were undeniably British. If British publishers had thought Bernhard Tauchnitz was privileging German economic interests to their detriment, Albatross—with its modern books and clever advertising—was perceived as an even greater threat. Albatross's obvious legal ties to Adolf Hitler's Germany only complicated the question of its Anglo-American loyalties. This chapter discusses Albatross's feud with the British Publishers Association as well as the Albatross Crime Club series that was introduced by Albatross to the German book trade two months after Hitler seized power.
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"Albatross". W Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 35. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30160-0_373.

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"ALBATROSS". W Albatross, 30. University of Pittsburgh Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvthhdc3.22.

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"albatross". W The Fairchild Books Dictionary of Textiles. Fairchild Books, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781501365072.275.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Albatross"

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Saldamli, Gokay, Richard Chow i Hongxia Jin. "Albatross". W ASIA CCS '15: 10th ACM Symposium on Information, Computer and Communications Security. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2714576.2714640.

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Jin, Long, Yang Chen, Pan Hui, Cong Ding, Tianyi Wang, Athanasios V. Vasilakos, Beixing Deng i Xing Li. "Albatross sampling". W the 3rd ACM international workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2000172.2000178.

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Hönig, Timo, Christopher Eibel, Adam Wagenhäuser, Maximilian Wagner i Wolfgang Schröder-Preikschat. "Making Profit with ALBATROSS". W HPDC '18: The 27th International Symposium on High-Performance Parallel and Distributed Computing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3220192.3220457.

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Berrang, Pascal, Philipp von Styp-Rekowsky, Marvin Wissfeld, Bruno Franca i Reto Trinkler. "Albatross – An optimistic consensus algorithm". W 2019 Crypto Valley Conference on Blockchain Technology (CVCBT). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvcbt.2019.000-1.

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"National Union Catalog: Asset or Albatross?" W Charleston Conference. Purdue University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315083.

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Bailey, Annette, Tracy Gilmore, Leslie O'Brien i Anthony Wright de Hernandez. "Albatross: Rolling on a Sea of Data". W Charleston Conference. Purdue University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284316438.

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Escamilla, Leonardo, Glen Throneberry, Gerardo Sanchez, Rui Vasconcellos i Abdessattar Abdelkefi. "Development and manufacturing of an Albatross-inspired tilt-wing drone". W AIAA AVIATION 2020 FORUM. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2020-2661.

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Barnes, J. Philip. "How Flies the Albatross – the Flight Mechanics of Dynamic Soaring". W World Aviation Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2004-01-3088.

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Hassanalian, Mostafa, Glen Throneberry, Mohamed Ali, Samah Ben Ayed i Abdessattar Abdelkefi. "Wing color and drag reduction of albatross-inspired air vehicles". W 2018 Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2018-3901.

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Sanchez, Gerardo, Ryan D. Salazar, Mostafa Hassanalian i Abdessattar Abdelkefi. "Sizing and performance analysis of albatross-inspired tilt-wing unmanned air vehicle". W 2018 AIAA/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2018-1445.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Albatross"

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Dymond, John C. Air Force Humint: Phoenix or Albatross. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, kwiecień 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada367205.

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Schuur, Stacy S. The Albatross About Our Neck: The State of our Oceans Revealed through the Family Diomedeidae. National Institute of Standards and Technology, styczeń 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.8411.

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Winters, G. V., R. E. Cranston, R. A. Fitzgerald i K. W. G. LeBlanc. Geochemical data obtained from analyses of sediments and pore waters obtained from cores collected on Albatross Slope, St. Pierre Slope, Flemish Cap and near the Titanic wreck; Hudson Cruise 91-020. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/194332.

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Palynological analyses of the Interval 1875-4045M, Albatross B-13, Scotian Shelf. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/130539.

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