Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Albanian and Balkan”
Kliknij ten link, aby zobaczyć inne rodzaje publikacji na ten temat: Albanian and Balkan.
Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych
Sprawdź 44 najlepszych rozpraw doktorskich naukowych na temat „Albanian and Balkan”.
Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.
Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.
Przeglądaj rozprawy doktorskie z różnych dziedzin i twórz odpowiednie bibliografie.
1
Curtis, Matthew Cowan. "Slavic-Albanian Language Contact, Convergence, and Coexistence". The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1338406907.
Pełny tekst źródła
2
Gorani, Dukagjin. "Orientalist ethnonationalism : from irredentism to independentism : discourse analysis of the Albanian ethnonationalist narrative about the National Rebirth (1870-1930) and Kosovo Independence (1980-2000)". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2011. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/24085/.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The thesis focuses on the chronological identification and detection of the discursive analogies between the category of 'the nation‘ and those of 'the West‘, 'Europe‘, 'democracy‘ and 'independence‘ in the Kosovo Albanian ethnonationalist narrative. The study represents a multi-dimensional exercise analysing the ethnonationalist discourse from a wide array of sample text which was produced during two relevant historical periods: the period between 1870-1930 and the period between 1980-2000. The first interval covers the period which is known in the Albanian history as the 'National Rebirth‘. The second deals with the recent history of political resistance of Kosovo Albanians and their 'sudden‘ discursive shift, from the narrative of 'unification with the Motherland Albania‘ (the unificationist/irredentist discourse) to the narrative of 'the independent Kosovo‘ (the independentist discourse) The main theoretical pillars of the study focus on the theories about the nation (specifically, its ethnic variation) and its narrative, the nationalism—as well as the representational systems of orientalism and balkanism (Said, 1978; Todorova, 1997). The study demonstrates that the discourse about the nation and national identity among Albanians is produced primarily through the internalisation of the external, orientalist approach in defining and understanding the social reality of the Balkan societies. Such internalisation is analysed through the prism of local adoption of the sociocultural and sociopolitical hegemonizing discourse that constituted the Western orientalist 'knowledge‘ about the Balkans—and, specifically, Albanians. The study notes that such discursive strategy of internalisation of orientalist traits within the ethnonationalist narrative is not limited to the Albanian societies (in both Albania and Kosovo) but appears as common feature in most of the societies/nations of the former Yugoslavia. In time, the study highlights, such process of 'nesting orientalisms‘ (Bakic-Hayden, 1996) was coupled with the phenomenon of the regional, exclusionist and competing ethnonationalist narratives which was aimed at constituing a nation‘s 'westernness‘ and 'Europeanness‘ through denying it to the other.
3
Pistrick, Eckehard. "Chanter la Nostalgie : émigration, culture et créativité en Albanie du Sud". Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100195.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
La thèse propose une approche culturelle du phénomène de la migration albanaise fondée sur une méthodologie interdisciplinaire recourant à l’historiographie, l‘ethnomusicologie, l’anthropologie des émotions, l’anthropologie de la mémoire et de l‘absence. La recherche est basée sur un travail de terrain en Albanie du Sud, particulièrement entre 2007-2012 dans les régions où la tradition de chanter à plusieurs voix est encore vive. Le focus principal de ces missions fut les fêtes de villages pendant les Pâques et au mois d’août, occasion pour des milliers de migrants albanais d‘Italie et de Grèce de retourner dans leur village d’origine. La problématique principale de la thèse concerne les divers relations entre la migration vécue et imaginée et le chant. On a suivi les processus de création du chant et la „traduction“ de l’experience de migration en émotionnalité et en vocalité. A cette fin on a choisi une approche strictement émique en suivant les discours des chanteurs et les discussions entre ces derniers et leurs destinataires. Dans la discussion sur la „naissance du chant“ on a mis en évidence quelques concepts cruciaux indispensables à la création d’un chant d’exil (këngë kurbeti). C’est en premier lieu le concept de përjetoj („vivre l’experience“) qui rend possible et légitimise cet acte de création. Pendant la performance, deux autres concepts sont importants: „chanter la vérité“ et „pleurer en chantant“. Ont été cérnés les concepts émotionnels en usage en Albanie rurale, le développement historique du phénomène de la migration, la ritualité de la migration, et les processus de la mémorisation de la migration. Au centre de la thèse figurent les discours locaux et la performance de la musique en acteThis thesis, based on extensive fieldwork in South Albania between 2007-2012, proposes a cultural, performance-centred approach for studying Albanian migration in past and present. Migration is discussed both as a lived reality and an imaginary representation. Local village feasts occupy a central place in this discussion as highly symbolic events in which the social and cultural shift between remaining villagers and returning migrants becomes prominently visible. This contradictory reality is approached by applying an anthropology of absence and by discussing migration as seen through local narratives. The notion of absence is of particular importance as it generates a spatial, social and sonic nostalgia (mall), which becomes prominently visible in everyday life. This nostalgia is not understood as a depressing mental state which impeeds action, but as mobilizing creative energy. The thesis examines the creative processes for „translating“ migration experience into an emotionalised vocality following a stricly emic approach. For local singers the concept of „living through“ (përjetoj) is central, as it provides them with the legitimacy to sing about it. This holds particularly true for migration songs (këngë kurbeti) which possess a vital social and emotional function. They contain elements of two juxtaposed categories: those of song (këngë) and those of lament (vajtim). What singers and audiences define as a migration song, is largely subjective and contextual. Consequently we propose to describe migration songs either as a hybrid repertoire or a „performative category“. The second term implies that the very meaning of the song is constructed in the moment of its performance.In a final part the multiple links between death and migration are discussed, exemplified by the tragedy of Otranto in 1997, an accident which caused the death of several migrants. Death as permanent absence, and migration as temporary absence considered as a metaphorical extension of death coincide here in an emblematic case
Diese Promotion versucht, basierend auf ethnologischen Feldforschungen in Südalbanien zwischen 2007 und 2012, eine kulturelle Perspektive auf das Phänomen Migration in Albanien zu eröffnen. Dabei wird Migration sowohl als gelebte Alltagsrealität, als auch als eine mentale Konstruktion betrachtet. Lokale Dorffeste nehmen in dieser Diskussion als symbolisch besetze Orte der sozialen Auseinandersetzung über Konzepte wie Tradition, Modernität und Authentizität eine zentrale Rolle ein. Gleichzeitig werden in ihnen die sozialen und kulturellen Brüche zwischen verbliebener Dorfbevölkerung und den zu diesen Anlässen heimkehrenden Migranten sichtbar. Methodologisch wurde diese widersprüchliche Realität durch die „Anthropology of Absence“ einer näheren Untersuchung unterzogen. Zudem wurde Migration aus dem Blickwinkel individueller Narrative betrachtet. Das Konzept der „Abwesenheit“ ist für den Fall Albaniens von entscheidender Bedeutung, da es räumliche, soziale und klangliche Nostalgie (mall) definiert, die im Alltagsleben omnipräsent ist. Diese Nostalgie erweist sich nicht als hinderliches Element, sondern als eine Quelle der Inspiration für lokale Musiker. Sie aktiviert Prozesse der „Übersetzung“ von Migrationserfahrung in Emotionalität und in Gesangspraktiken. Für lokale Sänger steht beim Schaffensprozess das „durchleben“ (përjetoj) der Migrationserfahrung am Anfang eines Liedes. Diese Erfahrung verleiht ihnen die nötige Autorität um in authentischer Art und Weise über Migration zu singen. Das dabei entstehende Migrationslied (këngë kurbeti) besitzt wichtige emotionale und soziale Funktionen für die Dorfgemeinschaft, die in der Arbeit diskutiert werden. Musikalisch handelt es sich um ein Repertoire, das sich zwischen den grundsätzlich entgegengesetzten Polen von Lied (këngë) und Totenklage (vajtim) bewegt. Aus der vergleichenden Analyse von verschiedenen Aufführungskontexten für Migrationslieder geht hervor, dass die Einordnung eines Liedes als Migrationslied von subjektiven Perspektiven und dem jeweiligen Aufführungskontext abhängig ist. Der Begriff „performative category“ wird daher vorgeschlagen um diese Gruppe von Liedern näher zu definieren.Im abschließenden Teil werden die engen Beziehungen zwischen Tod und Migration als Formen der permanenten bzw. temporären Abwesenheit am Beispiel der Tragödie von Otranto 1997 untersucht. Die Koinzidenz von Migration und Tod führte in diesem Fall zu einer kulturellen Reaktion und zur Schaffung zahlreicher Lieder, in denen sich Migration als „nationale Mythengeschichte“ wiederfindet
4
Bria, Gianfranco. "Les réseaux Soufi entre demande de sainteté et recherche de valeurs dans l'Albanie contemporaine". Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0023/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Le but de ce travail est d'analyser le processus de renaissance du culte religieux soufi dans la période postsocialiste dans l’Albanie contemporaine. Particulièrement, je propose de comprendre : l'influence de l'idéologie communiste et de la sécularisation sur les croyances, les comportements, les connaissances et les institutions religieuses; les différences sociales et territoriales du phénomène; le processus de reconstruction de l'autorité charismatique soufi dans la période postsocialisteThe aim of this work is to analyze the post-socialist rebirth process of Sufi worship in contemporary Albania. Particularly, I propose to understand: the influence of communist ideology and secularization toward beliefs, religious behavior and doctrinal knowledge; the social and territorial differences of Sufi phenomenon; the rebuilding process of Sufi charismatic authority in the post-socialist period
5
Akyol, Gürkan Kodaman Timuçin. "Balkan politikasında Arnavutluk (1912 sonrası) /". Isparta : Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2007. http://tez.sdu.edu.tr/Tezler/TS00591.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródła
6
Hough, Karen Latricia. "The Albanian caseload : journeys through Britain, Italy and the Balkans". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.413095.
Pełny tekst źródła
7
Ardolic, Mimoza. "Greater Albania - The Next Crisis in the Balkans?" Thesis, Växjö University, Växjö University, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-5430.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The Balkans has suffered from quite a few problems as a result of the countless ambitious endeavors for great states of the ethnic groups residing in the Peninsula. The most recent great state idea to have caused troubles in the region is the Serbs’ Great Serbia (i.e. Yugoslvia), which caused a cycle of wars, the latest one being the war in Kosovo in the late 1990s. This thesis attempts to evaluate the rumors of yet another great state in the making – or rather awakening again: the attempt at a Greater Albania, and whether the Albanians in the Balkans are still harboring the idea of any such state. Particular emphasis is placed upon the following questions:
- Where does the idea of a Greater Albania stem from?
- Is a Greater Albania today still on the Albanians’ agenda as a real political plan?
- What speaks for and against a Greater Albania? Is the idea even feasible?
The findings indicate that none of the Albanian communities residing in the Balkan region wish for a Greater Albania, nor do their leaders. The Serbs nonetheless maintain that an Albanian threat exists and has done so ever since 1878 when the idea of a Greater Albania first arose. However, according to the results of this study, their claims lack credibility. Everything indicates that today, and with Albania striving for membership in the European Union, the idea of a Greater Albania has been left in the past.
8
Saltmarshe, Douglas. "Identity in a post-communist Balkan state : a study in north Albania". Thesis, University of Bath, 1999. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.760725.
Pełny tekst źródła
9
Reka, Armend. "L’énergie dans les Balkans occidentaux et ses enjeux pour la géopolitique régionale". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL042.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Cette thèse étudie le système énergétique de 4 États : L’Albanie, le Kosovo, la Macédoine, la Serbie, appartenant aux Balkans occidentaux. Ils possèdent peu de ressources, les infrastructures restent souvent anciennes. Mais, avec l’instauration des grands projets gaziers internationaux, cet espace deviendra une zone transitaire essentielle, entre les pays producteurs gaziers (Asie centrale, la Russie, la Méditerranée orientale et le Moyen-Orient) et l’Europe occidentale. Les rapports de force y règnent pourtant. Ils sont liés à la sécurité énergétique et aux affrontements passés ou récents, mal stabilisés. La confrontation géoéconomique l’emporte sur la coopération technique. Des acteurs extérieurs, d’abord la Russie et l’Union européenne, mais aussi la Chine, la Turquie et les États-Unis, interviennent. L’énergie est un enjeu régional et mondial ; il renvoie au registre de la puissanceThis thesis studies the energy sectors of 4 countries part of the Western Balkans: Albania, Kosovo, Macedonia and Serbia. These countries are relatively poor in energy resources and their energy infrastructure is outdated and in dire need of modernization. However, in view of the colossal natural gas projects between Western Europe and gas-rich countries in the east, this area is emerging as an important transit area between the Russian Federation, former Soviet Union countries and eventually other countries in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East. This reflects the evolving balance of power in the Western Balkans, which is shaped by their quest for energy security and the heritage of previous unresolved conflicts. As a result, geoeconomic competition trumps over cooperation. Moreover, external powers, first and foremost, the European Union and Russia, but also Turkey, the United States and China, intervene to safeguard their interests. Hence, energy is a crucial regional and world issue; and an important factor of power
10
Shallari, Anila. "Les zones humides d'Albanie : transmission des normes internationales et européennes en matière environnementale en Albanie et dans les Balkans occidentaux. Le cas de cinq zones humides : Shkodra, Karavasta, Narta, Butrinti et Prespa". Phd thesis, Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00967139.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Ce travail analyse l'internationalisation de la protection environnementale sur cinq zones humides majeures d'Albanie. De par leur géographie et leur situation sur des corridors biologiques, ces zones accueillent une importante biodiversité. Trois d'entre elles sont inscrites à la convention Ramsar. Les grandes plaines littorales d'Albanie étaient naguère très marécageuses, favorables au développement de la biodiversité, d'autant plus qu'elles étaient peu peuplées, car le peuple albanais vivait d'élevage dans les montagnes. L'arrivée des communistes au pouvoir a provoqué un bouleversement des valeurs, exaltant les vertus de ces plaines littorales délaissées. Leur assèchement et leur mise en culture provoqua la disparition des espaces-tampons et des bouleversements des équilibres physico-chimiques des eaux des zones humides, notamment de la salinité de l'eau. L'introduction d'espèces allochtones pour la pêche, les pollutions agricoles et industrielles, le colmatage de chenaux par l'afflux de sédiments liés à la mise à nu des sols, furent autant de conséquences des pratiques agraires durant le communisme. L'ouverture au monde en 1991 provoque la multiplication des acteurs sur les zones humides, et la formation de systèmes géographiques singuliers nés de ces jeux d'acteurs. Les pressions agricoles sont en recul, mais les acteurs locaux exploitent les ressources sauvages parfois sans contrôle. Les acteurs globaux jouent à la fois sur l'attrait de l'Albanie comme pays à faible taux de main-d'oeuvre et à la situation stratégique sur les chemins énergétiques. Les institutions internationales poussent à la création de zones protégées sur les wetlands afin de s'approprier les questions de biodiversité et réunir des segments cassés de corridors biologiques, que l'Etat encourage comme autant de manières d'avancer ses pions sur l'échiquier diplomatique. [etc.]
11
Merry, Adrienne. "Socio-cultural aspects of functional regionalization in the cross-border area between Montenegro, Albania, Kosovo, Macedonia and Serbia (SCAFRB)". Thesis, Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1A025.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Une nouvelle régulation macroéconomique et socio-économique dans la région centrale des Balkans conduisant à accélérer la croissance économique est à la fois nécessaire et possible. À partir d'une revue de littérature sur les différentes théories des développements macroéconomiques et en particulier les théories de la localisation, cette étude montre que du point de vue de la plupart des démocraties occidentales la région centrale des Balkans est toujours une région très instable en Europe. Une régionalisation fonctionnelle des Balkans est une énigme du point du développement, aussi bien pour les Balkans que pour l'Europe. De plus, pour l'Europe le défi est de former une communauté fonctionnelle dans une zone composée d'un grand nombre de communautés nationales qui ont connu des conflits nationaux très intense ces dernières décennies et dont les traces sont toujours très présentes aujourd'hui. Le défi pour les instances gouvernementales et de gestion des communautés locales est de savoir comment construire une transition viable pour passer d'une communauté qui dysfonctionne sur le plan socioculturel a un système intègre un système intégré et fonctionnel permettant un développement socioculturel et économique. L'étude analyse les forces et faiblesses d'une région particulière des Balkans, la région des montagnes du Sharr, et les possibilités de mettre en place une coopération transfrontalière entre différentes cités de manière à catalyser le développement socio-économique. Plusieurs projets auxquels a participé l'auteur de l'étude sont présentés. Les enjeux sont importants et les défis très incertainsNew social-economic macro-regionalization in the Central Balkans, leading to accelerating the pace of economic growth in the monitored area, is both necessary and possible. From a review of the literature it is clear that in the view of most western democracies the Central Balkans still remains the most unstable region in the western world. Functional regionalization of the Balkans is a developmental enigma for the Balkans as well as for Europe. Secondly, for Europe, the challenge is to form a functioning community originally in an area composed of a number of different national communities that have recently been in the most harmful national conflict. The challenge of local government community is how best to construct a viable transition from a dysfunctional socio-cultural community to an integrated functional global socio-cultural system.The study analyses the strengths and weaknesses of a particular Balkan area, the Shaar Mountains area, and the possibilities to set up trans-borders cooperation between several cities in order to enhance socio-economic development. Several projects the author has participated to are presented. The stakes are high, and the challenges still uncertain
12
Vollmer, Claudia [Verfasser]. "Verwaltungsmodernisierung im Westlichen Balkan im Kontext der EU-Erweiterung am Beispiel von Albanien, Mazedonien und Montenegro / Claudia Vollmer". Kassel : Kassel University Press, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1120414393/34.
Pełny tekst źródła
13
Kabashi, Artemida. "Information Seeking in a Balkan Country: A Case Study of College Students Seeking and Use of Information". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1404543/.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Using a case study approach this study investigated how college students in Vlore, Albania seek and use information resources for academic and personal needs and whether they follow a pattern similar to Brenda Dervin's sense-making, or Marcia Bates' berry-picking information seeking models. Influencing factors studied were economic factors, information communication technologies and information culture/policy. A literature review showed that no previous published research has studied information seeking behavior of college age students and faculty in Albania. Thirty-four college students and two full time faculty completed a survey and a smaller group were interviewed. The results of the study indicate that Google is the main source for seeking information for both academic and personal purposes. College students are not introduced or taught on how to evaluate information sources. The information communication technology needs improvement to support information needs. The library as a major information resource was not apparent to most students. College students utilize berry-picking as the information seeking model and faculty use sense-making, as a model of information seeking. This study adds to the knowledge of the information seeking behavior of college students in a developing country, the need for information literacy courses at the university level, and the identification of additional areas of research regarding information communication technologies, information policy, and literacy for developing countries.
14
Christidou, Anna. "Unknown Byzantine art in the Balkan area : art, power and patronage in twelfth to fourteenth century churches in Albania". Thesis, Courtauld Institute of Art (University of London), 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.632863.
Pełny tekst źródła
15
Holopírková, Petra. "Western Balkans and Austrian position on the EU integration of Western Balkans". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-4952.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Rozbor oficiálních stanovisek EU k rozšíření EU o země Západního Balkánu (Chorvatsko, Makedonie, Černá Hora, Albánie, BiH, Srbsko, nově Kosovo) ukazuje na zdrženlivost EU k vlastnímu aktu přijetí. Přes všechna prohlášení o vůli přijmout tyto země, tato vyjádření zůstávají spíše proklamací, bez vyhlášení konkrétních dat přijetí těchto zemí do společenství. Na rozdíl od Rakouska, která jako jediná země EU deklaruje co nejrychlejší rozšíření EU o země Západního Balkánu přímo ve vládním programu jako prioritu své zahraniční politiky. Motivace Rakouska je založena na důkladné ekonomické analýze situace, kdy Rakouské investice do těchto zemí jsou nejvyšší ze všech zemí EU. Mezi Rakouskem a zeměmi Západního Balkánu a Rakouskem probíhá čilý obchod i pohyb osob, na který ostatní země EU nejsou ještě připraveny. Překážkou rychlého přijetí se tedy jeví důvody povahy nikoliv ekonomické, ale politické. Evropská unie se shoduje na roku 2008 jako na roku klíčovém v přístupových jednáních. V době publikace této práce ovšem EU nebyla s to jako celek schválit nezávislost Kosova. Minimálně tento bod zůstává otevřen k dořešení v roce 2008 spolu s dalšími body týkajícími se příštího rozšíření. EU má v této chvíli (duben 2008) jasno, že favorizovanými kandidáty pro přístup jsou Chorvatsko, Makedonie a Albánie, zatím bez konkrétního data přístupu.
16
ELBASANI, Arolda. "The impact of EU conditionality upon democratisation : comparing electoral competition and civil service reforms in post-communist Albania". Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/10435.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Defence date: 30 November 2007Examining Board: Prof. Philippe Schmitter (EUI); Prof. Làszlò Bruszt (EUI); Dr. Antoaneta Dimitrova (Leiden University); Prof. Shinasi Rama (New York University)
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses
This dissertation explores how and to what extent EU conditionality can foster democratisation in a highly problematic case such as post-communist Albania. In order to examining the phenomena of democratisation in operational detail, the thesis delves into the sub-systemic level of democratisation focusing on two partial regimes - electoral regime and civil service system. The analysis follows on the rational choice premise that the domestic actors’ strategies of compliance depend on the structure of external incentives i.e. rewards and threats, that appeal to their interest. Our account on the impact of EU conditionality upon democratisation assumes that the likelihood of compliance depends on 1) the size of the rewards attached to conditionality; 2) the size of adoption costs; 3) the clarity of prescriptions and 4) credibility of reinforcement. The first part consists of developing a conceptual framework for assessing and explaining the impact of EU enlargement conditionality over democratisation processes. The second part explores the case of Albanian democratisation and the specific challenge it poses to the working of EU conditionality. The third part analyses the association between EU conditionality and reform seeking to identify whether the fortification of the EU conditionality coincides with a pattern-breaking change in each of the partial regimes of our choice. The thesis concludes that the EU was more successful to foster reforms in the area of electoral competition than public administration and civil service system. The EU seemed to push forward reforms by articulating clear prescriptions regarding the electoral competition; and advancing contractual relations with the country in function of electoral performance.
17
Sadriu, Behar. "Legitimation strategies and Turkey's post-Cold War engagement : the case of its role in the Albanian parts of the Balkans". Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2018. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/30262/.
Pełny tekst źródła
18
Sulku, Mehmed. "Political Relations Between Turkey And Albania In The Post Cold War Period". Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12611656/index.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This thesis analyzes the political relations between Turkey and Albania in the post Cold War period. Political and diplomatic relations between Turkey and Albania based on mutual respect for territorial integrity and independence. This study analyzes the continuities and changes in the Turkish foreign policy towards Albania in the post Cold War era. Also changes and continuities in the Albanian foreign policy in the post Cold War period are scrutinized. This work examines the main Turkish foreign policy approaches towards Albania. Patterns of Turkish Balkan policy are examined to find out how Turkey constructed its foreign policy towards Albania after the end of Cold War. Turkey continued its traditional foreign policy according to realist and national interest-based foreign policy formulation. After 1990, Albania was in a period of a transition from its sui generis communist dictatorship regime under Enver Hoxha to an emerging democracy. Albania considered Turkey as a reliable ally in the Balkans. Turkey attached strong importance to stability and security in the Balkan region. Albania has significant role to play in Balkan region. Thus Turkey welcomed the Albanian decision on membership application to NATO and EU. Turkey tried to strength its bilateral relations with Albania and supported lbania&rsquos participation in regional and international organizations. This study focuses on the relations of Turkey and Albania within the framework of international and regional organizations.
19
Previsic, Ivana. "Boundary-Making as a Destigmatization Strategy: The Case of Albanian and Bosnian Muslims in Canada". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38451.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This thesis studies the experiences of Albanian and Bosnian Muslim immigrants in Canada in the post-9/11 period. It draws upon a boundary-making framework and employs qualitative and quantitative methods to investigate the destigmatization strategies of Balkan Muslims, as well the national and cultural repertoires that enable and facilitate their utilization. The study yields several important findings. The quantitative findings show that Albanian and Bosnian Muslim immigrants in general show lower levels of attachment to religion compared to other Muslim immigrants. Also, many members of these ethnic groups appear to have resorted to the strategy of distancing and/or disidentifying from Muslim identification and/or faith in favour of identifying as irreligious as a way of coping with rising Islamophobia in Canadian society. The qualitative findings show that the move towards distancing/disidentification is due to a
dissonance between the cultural repertoires of the meaning(s) of “Muslim” in participants’
homeland versus that of the host society. Discursively, the process of distancing/disidentification occurs mostly by drawing religious and, relatedly, moral and value boundaries from other, mostly non-European and racialized Muslims. Importantly, despite having been exposed to instances of Islamophobia, participants overwhelmingly reported that their communities have not been significantly affected by anti-Muslim sentiments. I argue that the Albanian and Bosnian Muslims’ lack of religious signs, bolstered by their “whiteness” and society’s general unfamiliarity with Muslims and the Balkans, have greatly contributed to the perceived lack of religion-based discrimination. This study thus demonstrates that Islamophobia is to a significant extent an issue of racism, and that, relatedly, “race” continues to be a weighty marker of differentiation in Canadian society, where skin colour and appearance function as a religious sign.
20
Eymard, Amandine. "Dynamique de la végétation et variations climatiques dans les Balkans au cours du dernier cycle climatique à partir des séquences polliniques des lacs Maliq et Ochrid (Albanie)". Besançon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BESA2068.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Au cours des derniers 150 000 ans, les enregistrements isotopiques des glaces et des océans ont révélé une succession de fluctuations climatiques rapides et de grande amplitude. Toutefois, les enregistrements continentaux témoignant d'une sensibilité suffisante pour cerner l'extension spatiale de ces changements climatiques sont très rares. Cette thèse a donc pour objectif d'analyser et de comparer les enregistrements polliniques des lacs Maliq et Ochrid situés en Albanie, afin d'obtenir une série climatique de référence pour l'Europe du Sud non méditerranéenne. L'analyse palynologique de ces carottes a permis de reconstituer, pour la première fois, 1'histoire de la végétation à moyenne altitude dans le sud des Balkans au cours du dernier cycle climatique (la séquence prélevée dans le lac Ochrid montre que la dynamique de la végétation à Ochrid durant le dernier cycle climatique est très proche de celle des autres séquences continentales du sud de l'Europe, à savoir des ordres de succession d'écosystèmes très proches ; les différences que l'on observe concernent le « timing» de l'apparition d'une espèce à un endroit donné, l'importance qu'elle représente à l'intérieur de l'écosystème ainsi que la durée de sa présence dans ce même écosystème), et de quantifier les changements climatiques associés aux variations de la végétation: la séquence pollinique prélevée dans le lac Maliq, qui a montré l'histoire complexe des écosystèmes montagnards, a permis de quantifier les variations de température, de précipitation et de saisonnalité, pendant la dernière transition glaciaire-interglaciaire et 1'Holocène, dans le sud des Balkans. La même méthode a été appliquée à la séquence d'Ochrid afin d'obtenir une reconstitution quantitative des paléoclimats dans les Balkans au cours du dernier cycle climatique. Afin d'améliorer la qualité de ces reconstitutions environnementales et climatiques: (1) les relations actuelles entre les assemblages polliniques, la végétation naturelle et les conditions climatiques passées, ont été préalablement analysées statistiquement, à partir d'échantillons de mousses prélevés en Albanie. Cette étude montre qu'il est possible de distinguer dans la sédimentation pollinique actuelle, les différents écosystèmes et étages de végétation, dans une région topographiquement très morcelée, et par conséquent, que les échantillons de surface correspondant peuvent être utilisés pour faire des fonctions de transfert, (2) une nouvelle base de données polliniques actuelles, comprenant 2760 sites répartis en Europe, dans le bassin méditerranéen et en Eurasie, a été élaborée avec de nouveaux échantillons de surface afin d'améliorer la couverture spatiale du référentiel actuel qui est utilisé dans les méthodes de reconstitution quantitative des paléoclimatsOver the past 150000 years, isotopic ice and ocean records have revealed a succession of rapid and high amplitude climate fluctuations. However, continental records showing sufficiently sensitive to determine the spatial extension of climate change are rare. This thesis therefore aims to analyze and compare the pollen records of Lakes Ohrid and Maliq in Albania, in order to obtain a climate reference record in the south-eastern Europe. The analysis of these pollen records allowed to: (1) Reconstitute, for the first time, the vegetation history at middle altitude in the southern Balkans during the last climatic cycle: the sequences of Lake Ohrid shows that the dynamics of vegetation during the last climatic cycle is very similar to that of other continental sequences of southern Europe, namely orders of succession of ecosystems very close; the differences involve the « timing » of the appearance of a species, its importance within the ecosystem and the duration of its presence in the same ecosystem, (2) Quantify climate changes associated with those in vegetation: the pollen sequence of Lake Maliq, which showed the complex history of mountain ecosystems, has helped to quantify changes in temperature, precipitation and seasonality during the last glacial-interglacial transition and the Holocene in the southern Balkans. The Saine method has been applied to the sequence of Lake Ohrid to obtain a quantitative reconstruction in the Balkansduring the last climatic cycle. To improve the quality of these environmental and climate reconstructions: (1) The modem relationships between pollen assemblages, vegetation and climate, which are the basis of past environmental and climate reconstructions, have been previously analyzed statistically, from moss samples collected in Albania, Greece and Republic of Macedonia. This study shows that it is possible to distinguish in modem pollen sedimentation the ecosystems and vegetation belts in a fragmented area, and therefore, that the corresponding surface samples can be used to transfer functions, (2) A new modem pollen database, including 2760 sites in Europe, Mediterranean area and Eurasia, has been developed with new samples of surface to improve the spatial coverage of the modem dataset that is used in the methods of quantitative paleoclimate reconstruction
21
Nallbani, Etleva. "La civilisation de Komani de l'antiquité tardive au haut Moyen âge : étude du mobilier métallique". Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010545.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
La présente étude s'intéresse à la culture matérielle de ce qui est connu en archéologie comme la civilisation de Komani, en Albanie septentrionale. Celle-ci s'étend de la fin de la période de migrations des peuples ( VIe siècle) jusqu'au haut Moyen âge. Elle reflète, avec ses spécificités, les processus généraux de l'évolution des cultures matérielles des peuples du Bassin méditerranéen, et plus particulièrement dans la région des Balkans, dans laquelle la civilisation de Komani s'inscrit. Elle est aussi une nouvelle preuve des influences réciproques qui circulent, durant toute cette époque mouvementée, remplie de bouleversements tant sociaux que géopolitiques. La civilisation de Komani, dont nous présentons ici les attributs matériels essentiels, s'avère avoir été partie prenante des échanges commerciaux et des influences réciproques dans l'art et la facture d'objets qui marquent cette époque. Elle souligne de manière claire que ce qui est aujourdE'hui le territoire de l'Albanie a été un centre actif de communications. Il était nécessaire de mettre en lumière ces faits, que la civilisation de Komani manifeste avec ses objets et son costume, ainsi que de lui redonner ses particularités tout autant que ses points d'attache avec son environnement régional de l'époque.
22
Gjiknuri, Damian. "Albania's counter-terrorism policy options : finding a strategy of common sense /". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Jun%5FGjiknuri.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródła
23
Omari, Elda. "Storia e sviluppo dei rivestimenti pavimentali nell'area sud occidentale dei Balcani. L'Albania". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3426500.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This research is part of a larger project to comprehensively study and catalogue all the mosaics and pavements found in modern Albania, an area corresponding to ancient Illyria, Epiros and Macedonia.
To date, only a few studies have been conducted on Albanian art and we only have the work of two Albanian researchers, namely S. Anamali e S. Adhami. Their study was published in 1974, and although still very valuable, this needs to be updated with all the findings of the recent years.
By taking advantage of its geographic position, Illyria established relations with both ancient Greek and Roman cultures. Also, thanks to the biggest port of the Adriatic sea at the time, the port of Dyrrachium, and to the via Egnatia, Illirya had cultural and economic contacts with both the East and the West.
To date, 43 sites with prestige pavements (mosaics, opus sectile, cementitium etc.) have been found, of which some of the most important are those at Durazzo, Bylis, Butrinto, Elbasan, Antigonea, Apollonia and Saranda. These sites contain 265 pavements which are likely to date back to the period between the 3th century B.C. and the 6th century A.D.
The ultimate goal of this research is to carry out a critical re-analysis of the Albanian mosaics during this period. In particular, it will focus on their topographic and architectural features, as well as on the socio-cultural aspects of their production. The goal is to promote interest in Albanian history and archaeology, in order to stimulate activities aimed at raising public awareness and the preservation of the cultural inheritance of this country.Questo studio è parte di un più ampio progetto di ricerca nell’ambito delle attività del Dipartimento di Archeologia dell’Università di Padova, che ha per oggetto l’analisi della cultura musiva in età romana. Seguendo la metodologia dell’inserimento dei dati in un database per quanto riguarda i mosaici dell’odierna Albania, che corrisponde ad un territorio compreso in età antica tra l’Illirico, l’Epiro e la Macedonia, fino ad oggi sono stati individuati circa 43 centri, tra cui i più importanti sono: Durazzo, Tirana, Bylis, Butrinto, Elbasan, Antigonea, Apollonia, Saranda, Vrina, Diaporit, i quali complessivamente restituito circa 265 rivestimenti pavimentali inquadrabili tra il IV secolo a.C. e il VI secolo d.C. Il motivo principale della ricerca è stato lo studio della storia e dello sviluppo della cultura musiva di questa parte dell’impero romano dalle origini al tardo antico. Pochi sono gli studi fatti su questo repertorio dell’arte albanese. Esiste soltanto il testo di due studiosi albanesi, S. Anamali e S. Adhami, del 1974, che manca di aggiornamenti su molti mosaici rinvenuti negli anni successivi. Sfruttando la sua posizione, l’Illirico antico, parte dell’Albania odierna, instaurò legami sia col mondo greco sia col mondo romano. Grazie al porto più grande dell’Adriatico orientale, il porto di Dyrrachium, e la via Egnatia, fu infatti terra di vivi contatti commerciali e culturali tra Oriente e Occidente. L’obiettivo finale della ricerca, condotta seguendo il metodo dell’analisi attraverso la raccolta dei dati nel database, è stato lo studio e la rivisitazione critica dei mosaici dell’Albania tra il IV-III sec.a.C. e il VI sec.d.C. In questa ricerca l’attenzione è stata focalizzata sugli aspetti relativi al contesto topografico e architettonico e sulle problematiche socio culturali connesse con la produzione musiva.
24
McIlvaine, Britney Kyle. "Greek Colonization of the Balkans: Bioarchaeological Reconstruction of Behavior and Lifestyle during Corinthian Colonial Expansion into Ancient Apollonia, Albania". The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1331137365.
Pełny tekst źródła
25
Totozani, Igli. "L'indépendance du pouvoir judiciaire à l'épreuve de la transition démocratique en Albanie : le rôle de la Cour Constitutionnelle". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAA034.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Quand, dans le cadre des réformes constitutionnelles après la chute du communisme, le Conseil de l’Europe et la Commission européenne demandent à l’Albanie l’indépendance du pouvoir judiciaire comme garantie pour un état de droit, pour une gouvernance limitée par le droit, un juge constitutionnel comme défenseur des garanties de ce principe est demandé en même temps. En tant que principes et institutions de l’état de droit, ils se trouveront face à une culture politique qui rend difficile tant leur transposition que leur application dans la réalité albanaise. Les raisons sont à rechercher dans l’influence que la tradition constitutionnelle et l’idéologie communiste exercent encore sur la classe politique et sa culture politique. Elles poussent plutôt vers le contrôle que vers l’indépendance du juge. Dans ces circonstances, il revient au juge constitutionnel d’être actif dans le jeu de la séparation et de l’équilibre des pouvoirs et dans l’identification et la formalisation d’un judiciaire indépendant. En même temps et aussi souvent que nécessaire, il devra défendre directement les garanties constitutionnelles de cette indépendance en fonction de sa propre indépendanceWhen, as part of the constitutional reforms, after the fall of the communism, the Council of Europe and the European Commission require from Albania the independence of the judiciary, as a guarantee for the rule of law, a constitutional court, as a defender of the guarantees of this principle, is demanded simultaneously. Nevertheless, during the years of the democratic transition, these principles and institutions of the rule of law will be confronted with a political culture that makes difficult both their transposition and their implementation in the Albanian reality. The reasons lie in the influence that the constitutional tradition and the communist ideology still exert on the political class and its political culture. They grow towards the control rather than the independence of the judiciary. In these circumstances, it is up to the constitutional court to be active in the game of separation and balance of powers and in the identification and formalization of an independent judiciary. At the same time and as often as necessary, it will directly defend the constitutional guarantees of independence and will do so according to its own independence
26
Shtalbi, Haki. "L'Albanie et les Balkans occidentaux : du processus d'intégration régionale aux perspectives d'adhésion à l'Union européenne". Paris 8, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA083991.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abordant une problématique européenne dont l’objet se focalise sur le difficile processus des Balkans occidentaux, y compris l’Albanie, vers leur rapprochement avec l’Union européenne, cette thèse est orientée selon deux grands axes de recherche pour mieux valoriser les hypothèses et les réponses données à diverses questions. Le premier axe porte sur l’Union européenne, sa mission, ses ambitions, ses visions et le deuxième sur l’Albanie, sa place, ses démarches, ses perspectives. Une autre dimension - l’approche régionale - croise ces deux axes sur des problématiques spécifiques de l’intégration des Balkans occidentaux. À partir du Pacte de stabilité pour l’Europe du Sud-Est lancée en 1999, l’Union européenne développe une approche régionale mieux définie et diversifie son rôle dans la région. Le sommet UE-Balkans de Zagreb en 2000 et le Conseil européen de Thessalonique en 2003 offrent aux Balkans occidentaux une perspective européenne. Bien que le nationalisme soit une réalité prégnante, la forte aspiration des peuples balkaniques à faire partie de la famille européenne est parmi les facteurs qui ont conduit l’Union européenne à s’investir dans la région. D’une région ravagée par les guerres, elle s’est transformée en une zone de plus en plus stable. Le processus d’élargissement s’effectue dans un contexte lourd de conséquences. Face à la crise de l’Europe, ce processus comprend des défis considérables et sa profondeur conduit l’Union européenne à repenser le rapport entre élargissement et approfondissement. D’autre part, pour les pays des Balkans occidentaux, même si de multiples difficultés transitoires existent, l’intégration européenne reste une chance historiqueAddressing a European issue that puts an emphasis on the difficult process of the Western Balkans, including Albania, towards their approximation to the European Union, this thesis is oriented along two main lines of research to further develop the assumptions and answers to various questions. The first area focuses on the European Union, its mission, its ambitions, its visions and the second one on Albania, its place, its progress, its prospects. Another dimension - the regional approach - crosses both areas on specific issues of the integration of the Western Balkans. From the Stability Pact for South-Eastern Europe launched in 1999, the European Union is developing a more defined regional approach and diversifying its role in the region. The EU-Balkans summit in Zagreb in 2000 and the Thessaloniki European Council in 2003 offer the Western Balkans a European perspective. Although nationalism is a present reality, the strong aspiration of the Balkan peoples to join the European family is among the factors that led the European Union to invest in the region. From a region ravaged by wars, it turned into an ever-increasing stability area. The enlargement process takes place in a context fraught with consequences. Faced with the crisis of Europe, this process involves considerable challenges and its depth leads the European Union to rethink the relationship between enlargement and deepening. On the other hand, for the Western Balkan countries, even if multiple transitional difficulties exist, European integration remains a historic opportunity
27
Wilkinson, Rose. "A multi-proxy study of Late Holocene environmental change in the Prokletije Mountains, Montenegro and Albania". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-multiproxy-study-of-late-holocene-environmental-change-in-the-prokletije-mountains-montenegro-and-albania(4b54e863-c9ff-407f-bcfa-a4aaed0c6cd3).html.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Palaeoenvironmental investigations from the Lake Plav catchment of the Prokletije Mountains in Montenegro and Albania, allowed primarily climatic change and anthropogenic influences during the Late Holocene and particularly the Little Ice Age (LIA) to be identified. Three sediment cores were analysed, two from Lake Plav (904 m a.s.l., cores LPCA and LPCB) and one from the upper catchment site of Lake C in Buni i Jezerces (1754 m a.s.l., core BJC1). These sediments were analysed for a variety of proxies including pollen, ostracoda, organic content, magnetic susceptibility and particle size. Chronologies for each sediment core were constructed using AMS radiocarbon, 210Pb and 137Cs dating techniques. The lower sites provided a record of past flood events, anthropogenic influences, lake development and infilling that have occurred since c. AD 500. Core BJC1 provided longer-term data since c. 2720 BC, providing complementary records of Pediastrum and thermophilous arboreal types, identified following a catchment vegetation survey. Glacial geomorphological mapping of the Maja e Koljaet glacier in Buni i Jezerces, Albania, enabled a catchment specific palaeotemperature record to be constructed from AD 1859 to the present. Glacial features were dated using lichenometry before degree-day modelling enabled temperature reconstruction. The palaeotemperature reconstruction for the Albanian Little Ice Age glacial maximum (LIAGM) suggests that temperatures were 0.9°C below the 1980-2008 annual temperature mean. This work also provided the first record of glacial extent during the LIA in Albania, indicating that the Albania LIAGM occurred c. AD 1859, around a decade after the European LIAGM and two decades before that of Montenegro. Anthropogenic indicators were used to reconstruct human activity in the catchment, which suggested that arable farming was pursued throughout the Medieval Warm Period (MWP; c. AD 800-1090) and continued during a period of transition to the LIA, between c. AD 1090 and AD 1300. The LIA (c. AD 1300 - 1860) was characterised by an abrupt Alnus decline, thought to be the result of anthropogenic clearance of the floodplain and reduction of both arable and thermophilous types. During the LIA sedimentation rates were up to 1.41 + 0.17 cm yr-1 at Lake Plav causing lake infilling and shallowing allowing wetland expansion c. AD 1570. The result of lake infilling is highlighted during the early 20th century, when the lake extent fell by around 42% as a result of climatic amelioration post-LIA causing lake levels to fall and wetland indicators to decline. The inferred past climatic changes from the Lake Plav catchment are compared to data from around the Mediterranean and Southern Europe. This allows identification of the climatic influences affecting the site during the Late Holocene. Catchment records have provided evidence of cooler and wetter conditions coeval to the occurrence of solar minima such as the Wolf, Spörer and Maunder minima. Overall, the records suggest that continental atmospheric circulation patterns such as the North Sea-Caspian Pattern (NCP) and East Atlantic-West Russia pattern (EA-WR), dominated the site until the late 1800s, when records become more synchronous with the NAO index and Mediterranean/Southern European data.
28
Zhilla, Fabian. "Organized crime and judicial corruption : democratic transformation and prospects for justice in the western Balkans : a case study of Albania". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2012. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/organized-crime-and-judicial-corruption-democratic-transformation-and-prospects-for-justice-in-the-western-balkans(4594e0e8-7321-4ff5-9051-c87dd3c8c8f5).html.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Judicial corruption and organised crime are the main factors which have undermined the democratisation process and the strengthening of the rule of law in the Western Balkans. Organised crime and corruption are so entrenched that they have been cited as two key obstacles to the admission of Albania to European Union membership in 2011. In Albania, as in many Western Balkans countries, the democratic transition of the early 1990s has encountered many problems as institutional transformation has been put into practice. While many people envisioned a new democratic regime and retrospective justice for the excesses of prior community officials, many former members of the politburo retain key positions in the economy and politics today. They do so in a context where organised crime and judicial corruption flourish. Albania scores poorer than any other country in the Western Balkans on judicial corruption. Despite the massive consequences of judicial corruption and organised crime for post-communist societies, research on their nexus is rare. The literature is limited for the most part just to describing general patterns and consequences of the phenomenon (Van Dijk 2007; Buscaglia and van Dijk 2003). The academic discourse does little to explore the causes of judicial corruption and its links to organised crime (Buscaglia and van Dijk 2003; Delia Porta 2001; Ruggiero 2000; Delia Porta and Vannucci 1999; Gambeta 1993; Paoli 2003). There are only a few studies on organised crime and corruption in the Western Balkans (Giatzidis 2007; Stojarova 2007; Transcrime 2004; Holmes 2009; Dobovsek 2006; Arsovska 2008; Trimcev 2002). Within this narrow context, this thesis explores the interplay of judicial corruption and organised crime in the Western Balkans with the case study of Albania. This research is socio-legal in its nature and looks at both social and institutional aspects of the phenomenon. The framework adopted combines qualitative and quantitative methods. It included 61 semi-structured interviews; the observation of court proceedings in urban and rural courts for 14 days; archival research of 31 files and secondary data analysis of judicial corruption during the modern period of the Albanian state (1912-2011); as well as the review of several international and local reports on corruption and crime in Albania. This thesis argues that in post-communist societies there are different categories of judges who struggle for power. A high level of judicial corruption favours corrupt judges over honest ones and this also influences social disparity among different categories of judges inside the judiciary. This class division might create an internal conflict between judges and erode the efficiency of the judiciary. It is also argued that if the social status of judges is low, then judges may develop their own subculture and claim a higher status in society. This may push judges to deviance. The rise of corruption in the judiciary weakens the violent patterns of organised crime to influence the judiciary. This strengthens the role of bribes in corrupting judges. As a result, an ongoing ’clientelist’ relationship between organised crime and judicial corruption is more likely. Sophisticated organised crime groups tend to establish permanent relations with judicial corruption, whereas less developed organised crime prefers sporadic contacts. Judicial corruption opens opportunities for powerful elites and organised crime to gain by influencing the judiciary. It helps corrupt judges to get promoted because they have the financial means. Contrary to the limited existing literature, customary norms such as ’Krahinizem’ (regionalism) and ’Kanun’ (codified customary norms) do not play as significant a role in the corruption of modern urban courts as previously expected. 'Clientelistic' family relationships exert a kind of asymmetrical relationship with judicial corruption - sometimes they may promote particularism but family honour on the part of judges may also work to prevent it. It is also noted that blood feud continues to play a significant role in shaping the incentive of judges for corruption and also the motivation of organised crime for recruitment in the hinterland. A distinctive finding of this research is that in societies where there is successive disruption of the judicial systems through political transition and lack of consolidated democratic legal culture, judicial corruption is more likely. This study brings some important contributions to the literature of corruption and crime in post-communist societies. Methodologically, this thesis is the only work that draws on legal history, criminology, jurisprudence and public law for the analysis of the links between judicial corruption and organised crime. And finally, this research is among very few works that attempt to theorise empirically judicial corruption in the context of organised crime in post-communist societies. From the criminological aspect, this study for the first time draws attention to the subculture of judges and shows some deviant patterns of judges justifying their corrupt behaviour.
29
Trajce, Aleksander. "The gentleman, the vagabonds and the stranger : cultural representations of large carnivores in Albania and their implications for conservation". Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2017. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/the-gentleman-the-vagabonds-and-the-stranger-cultural-representations-of-large-carnivores-in-albania-and-their-implications-for-conservation(316ea0d0-5ba9-4e4a-a282-59247c776c78).html.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This thesis explores how people in mountainous regions of Albania interrelate with large carnivores. For the research, I used a combination of questionnaire survey and ethnographic fieldwork to generate insights into how rural dwellers perceive and interact with bears, wolves and lynx. Research and conservation efforts relating to large carnivores in areas where they live near humans often have a strong focus on human-wildlife conflicts; with the presumption that conflicts are a central part of people’s relationships with predators. I argue that, although conflicts between people and predators do occur, human-predator relationships in highland Albania are complex and diverse, beyond a simple engagement with conflict-causing animals. Large carnivores have rich local cultural profiles; each species being differently perceived, and responded to, by local groups in terms of their beliefs about the behaviours and characteristics of the animals. I argue that large carnivores are constructed, and responded to, as social actors and, as such, they are integrated into the moral community of humans. Customary codes that regulate the social life of people in highland Albania seem to extend into relationships with carnivores. Damages from predators are largely interpreted and evaluated on principles of belonging and moral integrity with little considerations of their financial aspects. Lack of conservation efforts from Albanian institutions for prolonged periods of time, and the remoteness of mountain communities, has brought about a situation in which locals have been largely left uninfluenced in shaping their relationships with large carnivores. I contend that such a situation, albeit seemingly problematic from an outside perspective, is particularly beneficial in maintaining low conflicts with, or over, predators. Recent increases in conservation efforts in Albania may influence relationships between people and predators in the future. Conservation actors will be faced with the challenge of avoiding possible conflict escalation to the detriment of large carnivores and to rural livelihoods.
30
Gori, Maja. "Between the Adriatic sea and the Aegean : the South-Western Balkans during the late 3rd and early 2nd millenium BC in the light of the excavations of Sovjan (Albania) and Sveta Nedela (Republic of Macedonia-FYROM)". Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010504.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Dans les sites de Sveta Nedela et de Sovjan a été réalisée une analyse typologique précise de la poterie. La région des lacs de Prespa-Ohrid, où sont implantés les deux sites, était pleinement intégrée aux multiples réseaux d'interactions impliquant, à l'échelle micro- et macro régionale, différentes régions du sud-est des Balkans et de la sphère égéenne durant le troisième millénaire et le début du deuxième millénaire BC.
31
Fshazi, Falma. "Moralité, loyauté et citoyenneté : l'organisation de la jeunesse dans l'Albanie de l'entre-deux-guerres". Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0099.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Cette étude explore les organisations étatique de jeunesse de l’Albanie de l’entre-deux-guerres; l’Entité “La Jeunesse Albanaise” et la Fédération des Associations Artistique and Sportive "La Fraternité Albanaise”. Cet deux institutions constituent les prémices de ce que on trouve en Albanie contemporaine comme le Ministère de Culture, Jeunesse et Sports. Ces deux institutions lesquelles on reliées la jeunesse, l’éducation, le sport et la culture à un plateforme patriotique et on eu un effet durable sur la culture politique de pays, deviennes pour la première fois le sujet d’un recherche socio historique. La thèse propose que ces deux institutions on avancé un projet de citoyenneté pour la société Albanaise. Le but principal de projet c’est de organiser la société nationale a travers la jeunesse et de projeter dans la jeunesse de la ville la bon citoyenneté. En considérant la citoyenneté comme être politique cet étude propose que la ville c’est à la fois une espace de subversion et complicitéThis study explores the interwar Albanian state youth organizations, the National Entity “The Albanian Youth” and the Federation of Artistic and Sports Associations “The Albanian Brotherhood. ” They constitute the first examples of the Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports that we find in present day Albania. These institutions, which related youth, education, sports and culture to a patriotic platform that deeply affected the political culture in the country, become for the first time the subject of a particular socio-historical research. This study proposes that these institutions advanced a project of citizenship for Albanian society. This project consists in the organization of national society through the youth and by projecting onto the city youth the good citizenship. Approaching national citizenship as being political this study suggests that the city emerges at the same time as a space of subversion of and compliance to power
32
Anceschi, Stefano. "Progettazione della nuova banchina per attracco di navi Ro-Ro del porto di Valona (Albania) e inquadramento all'interno dei piani di sviluppo TEN-T". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
All’inizio del mese di luglio del 2015 prendono avvio a Valona i lavori previsti nell’ambito del progetto “Riabilitazione del porto di Valona”, finanziato dalla Cooperazione italiana con un contributo di oltre 15 milioni di euro a credito d’aiuto. Nella seguente Tesi di Laurea si analizza l’iniziativa che mira a modernizzare il complesso portuale della città in un’ottica di sviluppo integrato della regione, per supportare i crescenti flussi turistici e commerciali in entrata ed in transito. Il potenziamento del porto permetterà all’Albania di dotarsi di un porto moderno ed efficiente in linea con le normative UE, permettendo l’attracco di ben quattro navi contemporaneamente, con notevoli vantaggi sia a livello turistico che economico, principalmente nell’area Sud del Paese, ma in generale in tutta l’Albania. Si propone, progetta e dimensiona poi un ulteriore ampliamento futuro consistente nell’inserimento di un frangiflutti a massicciata con banchina interna atta ad accogliere navi Ro-Ro di dimensioni maggiori a quelle che attualmente possono attraccare nel porto. Se ne analizzano i vantaggi sia dal punto di vista materiale, ovvero in termini di protezione dal moto ondoso, che dal punto di vista economico, ossia come opera utile allo sviluppo commerciale e turistico del Sud dell’Albania. Il programma di riabilitazione e il progetto riguardante il frangiflutti mirano infatti a contribuire al piano nazionale dell’Albania di potenziamento delle infrastrutture e dei Trasporti marittimi e si inquadrano nelle previsioni di potenziamento di connessione degli Stati Balcanici alla rete TEN-T europea, rappresentandone, il porto di Valona, una delle possibili parti terminali sull’Adriatico. Si descrive inoltre come sviluppo del settore dei trasporti è considerato un catalizzatore per lo sviluppo economico, in quanto crea un potenziale di crescita stabilendo connessioni che non esistevano prima o migliorando la qualità delle connessioni esistenti.
33
Böhm, Anne [Verfasser], Bernd [Akademischer Betreuer] Wagner i Frank [Akademischer Betreuer] Schaebitz. "Die Klima– und Umweltgeschichte des Balkans während des letzten Glazials und des Holozäns, rekonstruiert anhand von Seesedimenten des Prespasees (Mazedonien, Albanien, Griechenland) / Anne Böhm. Gutachter: Bernd Wagner ; Frank Schaebitz". Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1038268095/34.
Pełny tekst źródła
34
Gustafsson, Hall Joel. "Discrepancies in European Union Pre-accession Evaluations : An Assessment of the European Commission’s Progress Reports". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-424288.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This study investigated whether EU Progress Reports measured the Copenhagen political criteria in a biased manner compared to independent indices. At stake is the credibility of the EU accession process and whether countries in the Western Balkans will seek partnerships with the EU or state-actors beyond the European peninsula. This is a case study of how well Albania and North Macedonia fared regarding the political criteria during 2014 and 2017. Each country was ranked against one another in order to find potential discrepancies between measurements from Progress Reports and independent indices. This paper did find evidence that suggests the European Commission disfavored North Macedonia and favored Albania. However, other results were inconclusive. The finding supported accession literature that has called into question the objectivity of the EU accession process.
35
Řehořová, Veronika. "Transformace západního Balkánu se zvláštním důrazem na roli Stabilizačního a asociačního procesu". Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-124998.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This dissertation thesis is focused on the analysis of changing relations between the Western Balkan countries (WB) and the European Union (EU) against background of actual transformation processes in these countries. The Western Balkans represents a group of countries which were not part of so-called Eastern Enlargement of the EU, but are also slowly heading towards the EU. The EU distinguishes three groups of countries within the WB: Croatia has become an acceding country; then here is a group of candidate countries (Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM), Montenegro, Serbia), and the last group is formed by so-called potential candidate countries (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo). All of these above mentioned countries are part of the Stabilisation and Association Process (SAP) which nowadays represents the core of the Enlargement Policy of the EU and stands for the main research topic of this thesis. The thesis also comprehends the history of the enlargement process of the EU and the basic theoretical concepts of the (EU) enlargement. The "transformation" chapter includes a theoretical grounding too. Three hypotheses were verified (mainly) by results of transformation, evaluation of Copenhagen criteria by the European Commission, and by the statistical methods (Principal Components Analysis and Cluster Analysis) based on a number of economic and demographic indicators.
36
Muceku, Bardhyl. "Evolution verticale des Albanides : contrôle thermique, érosion et dénudation tectonique". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00160801.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
L'Albanie occupe une position critique au sein de la ceinture plissée alpine Dinaro-Hellénique. Cet orogène est caractérisé par trois composants fondamentaux: une ceinture de plis et chevauchements externe à l'Ouest, un domaine central caractérisé par la présence de nappes ophiolitiques, et un complexe interne oriental. Certains points clés pour la connaissance de l'évolution géodynamique de cette chaîne ont été éclairé par l'application de la thermochronologie de basse température (trace de fission et (U-Th)/He sur apatite et zircon), plus précisément en ce qui concerne l'histoire du refroidissement des Albanides Internes.
Un taux d'exhumation (<0,1 km/Ma) durant l'Eocène et le début de l'Oligocène caractérise la limite entre les zones externes et zones Internes. Il est probablement lié au soulèvement isostatique, conséquence de l'épaississement de la croûte près du front de chevauchement durant l'emplacement tectonique du complexe interne sur la ceinture de plis et chevauchements externe.
Dans le domaine interne le refroidissement et la surrection sont beaucoup plus récents et rapides. Les thermochronomètres (U-Th)/He et traces de fission nous ont permis de déterminer un début de la phase d'extension ~ 20 Ma. Vers 3-6 Ma, le taux d'exhumation des roches de la zone de Korabi s'est accéléré jusqu'à 1,2 km/Ma. Nous proposons que la structure actuelle symétrique des unités ophiolitique dans les Albanides Internes soit le résultat d'un régime de collapse en extension, affectant la partie oriental des ophiolites et la zone de Korabi.
Ces études montrent que la complémentarité des méthodes de thermochronologie trace de fission et (U-Th)/He est un moyen puissant de mieux contraindre l'histoire de l'exhumation d'un orogène.
37
Cotovanu, Lidia. "Migrations et mutations identitaires dans l’Europe du Sud-Est (vues de Valachie et de Moldavie, XIVe – XVIIe siècles)". Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0017.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Cette thèse aborde le processus d’identification collective qui traverse l’espace de l’Europe du Sud-Est aux XIVe – XVIIe siècles, dans le mouvement et la mutation de ses éléments structurants. Elle dépasse la vision statique et essentialiste de l’identité collective, telle que conceptualisée dans le cadre des États-nation contemporains, et vise à tailler une méthode appropriée à l’étude des identifications collectives spécifiques aux sociétés pré-nationales. La thèse s’est construite autour des espaces concrets des Pays orthodoxes de Valachie et de Moldavie et des vagues d’immigration sud-danubienne (illustrées par un répertoire prosopographique de 4000 individus), attirées par les deux pays depuis leur fondation même. La Valachie et la Moldavie, en leur qualité de pays d’immigration (non institutionnalisée), ont été choisies comme terrains d’observation des rapports à l’altérité, des représentations des groupes de référence de type catégoriel (Grecs, Albanais, Serbes, Bulgares, Valaques), des pratiques d’identification des groupes et de leurs membres et, par là, de l’usage social et bureaucratique des noms collectifs. Une attention particulière a été accordée au rôle de l’État – structuré autour d’un pouvoir de droit divin incarné par le souverain autocrate – dans la gestion des différences collectives (linguistiques, géo-spatiales, juridiques) attestées dans les limites de sa juridiction. Le but a été aussi de monter si et comment l’État pouvait influer sur le processus de socialisation de l’individu dans la spécificité de tel ou tel groupe de référence. L’étude a visé les migrants et leurs descendants, pris entre le monde social d’origine et celui d’arrivéeThis thesis addresses the collective identification process that stretched across South-eastern Europe in the 14th – 17th centuries, in terms of the movement and change of its structural elements. It aims to go beyond the static and essentialist vision of collective identity, such as is conceptualized within the framework of contemporary Nation-States, and tailors its methodology appropriately to the study of the collective identifications specific to pre-national societies. The thesis is built around the clearly defined spaces of the Orthodox Countries of Wallachia and Moldavia, and the waves of South Danube immigration (illustrated by a prosopographical register of 4000 individuals) attracted by the two countries ever since their founding. Wallachia and Moldavia, as immigration countries (non-institutionalized), were selected as observation areas in relation to their otherness, the depiction of reference groups of categorical type (Greeks, Albanians, Serbs, Bulgarians, Vlachs), the identification practices of the groups and their members and, thus, the social and bureaucratic use of collective nouns. Particular attention has been paid to the role of the State structured around rule by divine right embodied by the autocratic sovereign in the management of collective differences (linguistic, geo-spatial, legal) found within its jurisdiction. The aim was also to show if and how the state could affect the process of the socialization of the individual in the specificity of one or another group of reference. The study referred to migrants and their descendants, caught between their social world of origin and that of their place of arrival
38
Doja, Albert. "Construction des identités sociales: relations interethniques et dynamique des valeurs culturelles". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00429920.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Le rapport de soutenance rend tout d'abord hommage à la qualité du dossier présenté à l'appui de la demande de l'habilitation à diriger des recherches: un mémoire substantiel, deux livres (en français et en anglais), une quarantaine d'articles publiés dans des revues reconnues, des contributions originales à des ouvrages collectifs, ainsi que de nombreuses communications à des réunions scientifiques internationales. Les ouvrages d'Albert Doja sont très variés même s'ils sont essentiellement consacrés à l'Albanie et à la région balkanique. Il y a beaucoup de thèmes importants abordés et une quantité significative de propositions. C'est un corpus très riche, plein d'idées intéressantes qui poussent à repenser les concepts de base. Les ouvrages d'Albert Doja représentent un corpus marqué d'une vaste érudition qui suscite de nouveaux points de départ pour une ethnologie comparative de la région balkanique. Avant tout, il a trouvé les moyens théoriques pour ériger un pont analytique entre les expériences sociales des gens ordinaires et les structures politiques des entités nationales construites en leur nom et, selon les discours officiels, en accord avec leur vie sociale et culturelle. Pour conclure, le rapport de soutenance revient sur l'originalité du dossier "en rendant hommage au travail accompli par Albert Doja", et souligne "l'intérêt d'une discussion entre anthropologues européanistes et anthropologues des aires culturelles plus traditionnelles de la discipline", aussi bien que "l'impression positive qui se dégage de cette œuvre riche et d'un parcours où chaque étape inaugure un renouvellement des perspectives et des thématiques".
39
CHIODI, Luisa. "Transnational Policies of Emancipation or Colonization? Civil society promotion in post-communist Albania". Doctoral thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/7036.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Defence date: 3 April 2007Examining board: Prof. Donatella della Porta, EUI/Supervisor ; Prof. Philippe Schmitter, EUI ; Prof. Stefano Bianchini, Università di Bologna ; Prof. Helena Flam, Universität Leipzig
The thesis discusses whether the western aid policy of Civil Society Promotion (CSP) in postcommunist Albania constituted a policy of colonization with its direct penetration of the local public sphere or one of emancipation that pluralized the local and the international public spheres and created opportunities of transnational redistribution. It confronts the academic analysis of CSP with the debates emerged in the Albanian public sphere and looks at the reasons why the three different strands of denunciation of CSP as colonization identified (the problem of control, that of the technocracy and finally at the heuristic value of western categories) do not reflect the reception of the policy in the Albanian public sphere. The dissertation reconstructs the different phases of CSP’s policy making in Albania and discusses why, after the initial welcoming of the policy, its outcomes in terms of growth of local NGOs have been widely considered unsatisfactory. What emerged from my inquiry was that the main criticism towards CSP that was raised in the Albanian public sphere was that its real beneficiaries turned out to be local NGO representatives themselves while society at large did not really benefit from the foreign support in the field due to its standardized way of dealing with the recipient’s context. The thesis discusses the reformulation of the western policy making by local NGOs in connection to the post-communist troubled transformation. It confronts the different critiques to CSP with the efforts done by Albanian NGO to emerge and be recognized as civil society experts, civic innovators, and cultural mediators. The work concludes that CSP faces a circular problem: it requires a functioning local public sphere to be critically appropriated by the recipient public sphere but when it is mostly needed it is unlikely to work.
40
GJOKSI, Nisida. "Weber in the Balkans: contested party–state relations in reforming the civil service in Albania and FYR Macedonia, 2000–13". Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/55744.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Defence date: 17 May 2018Examining Board: Professor László Bruszt, formerly EUI/ Scuola Normale Superiore ; Professor Hanspeter Kriesi, European University Institute ; Professor Isabela Mares, Columbia University ; Professor Jan-Meyer Sahling, Nottingham University
What drives politicians to adopt and implement civil service reforms differently? What explains the variation in politicization and professionalization in the state bureaucracy across countries and across governments? Why do certain incumbents politicize less the state administration and others professionalize more? This thesis answers these questions by contributing to the literature of postcommunist studies, comparative politics and political economy in two ways. The thesis first unpacks outcomes that stand between the patrimonial and Weberian bureaucracy along a two-dimensional framework on levels of politicization and professionalization, in order to explain the political incentives and circumstances that explain this variation. Challenging current explanations on state reform as a by-product of political competition or historical legacies the thesis argues that political parties’ incentives play a central role in reforming bureaucracies. More precisely, I argue that while, politicization, in terms of political hiring and firing, is a function of resources’ needs of parties to strengthen their own organizational survival, professionalization is a function of the electoral pressure on parties to deliver public good. The incentives political parties face to provide more effectively public goods and the incentives to use state resources for organizational needs might combine in various ways, yielding different combinations of professionalization and politicization in bureaucratic design. To explore this argument, the dissertation examines levels of politicization and professionalization in Albania and Macedonia1 over time in the period between 2000-2013. The dissertation finds that Macedonia in contrast to Albania ended up in a highly incompetent administration because of parties’ usage of ethnic salience in order to electorally win, without the need to deliver on public good. Conversely, Albania developed a comparatively more competent administration, as incumbents had to deliver some public good in order to maintain power in comparison to competitors. Interestingly, in both countries, levels of politicization varied across time and across sectors based on party organization age, showing that older parties have lower need to use state patronage for organizational survival and hence were more capable of improving the state bureaucracy.
41
Hara, Satoko. "Peace through Tourism: A Case-Study of the Balkans Peace Park Project". Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5873.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
yesIntroduction: ...The first part of this research will be carried out on the basis of a theoretical review. Having defined peace parks in the context of the issues raised, the evolution of tourism needs to be specifically connected with sustainable development and peace issues. Thirdly, the potential and limitations of the development of tourism will be analysed in three aspects - economic, social-cultural and environmental, in the process of promoting peace. The second part will be a case-study of the Balkans Peace Park Project. The impacts of the development of tourism on local people were observed for 9 weeks in Thethi National Park of Albania which is a part of the proposed Balkans Peace Park area. During the observation, a questionnaire survey (Appendix I) was conducted in order to assess local awareness of both the costs and benefits of tourism; approximately 30% of households responded. An interview with the international organization which implemented the tourism development project in the region was also organized. This research will analyse results of both these, as well as the results of observation and participation in the community. 1-3. Literature Review
42
HILA, ADRIAN. "La CEDU negli ordinamenti costituzionali dei Balcani occidentali. I casi di Albania, Macedonia e Montenegro". Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/939659.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Lo studio si cimenta sui rapporti tra la CEDU e gli ordinamenti costituzionali di alcuni paesi dei Balcani occidentali, in particolare Albania, Macedonia e Montenegro. L'obiettivo della tesi sarà l’analisi e la riflessione sullo status e sull’attuazione della CEDU negli ordinamenti di questi Paesi.
Tale indagine non può prescindere dall’esame dell'attuazione, da parte di questi Stati, del pacchetto di raccomandazioni del 2004 adottato da Comitato dei Ministri del Consiglio d’Europa al fine di incentivare gli Stati membri ad assicurare una protezione adeguata dei diritti sanciti dalla CEDU a livello nazionale.
In particolare le raccomandazioni da un lato incoraggiano gli Stati al miglioramento della legislazione domestica e all’effettività dei rimedi nazionali, compresa la riapertura del giudicato in esecuzione delle sentenze della Corte EDU, dall’altro mirano a garantire, a livello nazionale, una adeguata formazione universitaria e professionale in merito alla CEDU.
Dopo una breve analisi del sistema di tutela dei diritti previsto dalla CEDU (capitolo 1), della ratifica della CEDU da parte degli Stati membri nonché della necessità di una protezione nazionale dei diritti e della libertà garantiti dalla CEDU (capitolo 2), lo studio si concentra sullo stato e sull'attuazione della CEDU in Albania, ex Repubblica iugoslava di Macedonia e Montenegro (capitoli 3, 4 e 5). Si analizza in particolare l'evoluzione costituzionale, i sistemi giudiziari, le relazioni tra sistemi costituzionali e il diritto internazionale con particolare riferimento alla CEDU, la collocazione della Convenzione nella gerarchia delle fonti del diritto, le violazioni della CEDU, l'esecuzione delle sentenze della Corte di Strasburgo e l'attuazione delle raccomandazioni del 2004.
L’obiettivo finale è una valutazione comparativa sull’impatto della CEDU in questi ordinamenti (capitolo 6), confrontandoli alla luce dell’atteggiamento nei confronti del diritto internazionale, del ruolo della CEDU, della disciplina interna dei procedimenti, dell’esecuzione delle sentenze della Corte EDU e delle principali disposizioni della CEDU oggetto di violazione.
Tale indagine è funzionale al tentativo di far emergere le similitudini e le differenze da parte degli ordinamenti in oggetto nell’attuare la CEDU e la giurisprudenza della Corte di Strasburgo.
Questo approccio è fondamentale per comprendere i rapporti tra ordinamenti dell’area balcanica e CEDU e il funzionamento dei sistemi nazionali di tutela dei diritti in questi ordinamenti ponendo attenzione sia alla “law in book” che al diritto in azione.The study explores the relationships between the ECHR and the constitutional systems of some Western Balkan countries, particularly Albania, Macedonia and Montenegro. The aim of the thesis will be the analysis on the status and the implementation of the ECHR in the constitutional systems of these countries. Said investigation cannot be separated from the analysis of the implementation by those States of the recommendations of the 2004 package adopted by Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe with a view to encouraging the Contracting Parties to ensure adequate protection to the rights enshrined in the ECHR at national level. In particular the recommendations in question, on one hand, encourage the improvement of domestic legislation of Contacting Parties and the effectiveness of domestic remedies, including the reopening of the proceedings to comply with the judgment of the ECtHR and, on the other one, aim at ensuring at national level an appropriate academic and professional know-how on the ECHR. After a brief analysis of the protection of fundamental rights provided by the ECHR (Chapter 1), the ratification of the ECHR by the Contracting Parties as well as the necessity of national protection of the rights and freedom guaranteed by the ECHR (Chapter 2), the study focuses on the status and the implementation of the ECHR in Albania, FYROM and Montenegro (Chapters 3, 4 and 5). It analyzes in particular the constitutional evolution, the judicial systems, the relations between constitutional and international law with particular reference to the ECHR, the placement of the Convention in the hierarchy of sources of law, the violations of the ECHR, the execution of the judgments of the Strasbourg Court and the implementation of the recommendations of the 2004. The ultimate goal is a comparative assessment on the effects of the ECHR in these jurisdictions (Chapter 6) comparing the same in light of the attitude towards international law, the role and the rank of the ECHR, the domestica regulation of proceedings, the execution of judgments of the ECtHR, the main provisions of the ECHR violated. This survey is an attempt to bring to light the similarities and differences of legal systems concerned in the implementation of the ECHR and the case-law of the Strasbourg Court. This approach is fundamental to understanding the relationships between jurisdictions in the Balkan area and the functinong of the domestic systems of protection of rights in the concerned jurisdictions, paying attention to the "law book" and the “law in action”.
43
Vinther, Christian Kjaelder. "Between Liberal Policies and Conservative Values: The Role of the EU in Improving Sexual Minority Rights in Albania". Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-333555.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Master Thesis by Christian K. Vinther, Charles University, Prague (77110981) 21/05/2015 Between Liberal Policies and Conservative Values: The Role of the EU in Improving Sexual Minority Rights in Albania Abstract In 2009 the People's Advocate in Albania announced their suggestion that Albania should become the first Balkan country to legalize gay marriage, a suggestion backed by the country's Prime Minister Sali Berisha. The odd thing is that this suggestion was presented in the same country voted the "most homophobic in Europe" according to a recent study, and simultaneously the suggestion came at a time when Albania did not even have an anti-discrimination law, and, assumingly, at a time when LGBT activist groups seemed more or less nonexistent. Since 2009, Albania has progressed severely in relation to LGBT matters, and the small Balkan country has adopted noteworthy liberal sexual minority policies. Yet, as stated above, this appears as a rather paradoxical fact, since homophobia in Albania appears widespread, and since it could be questioned why a country would even need to legalize gay marriage, since the gay population are unlikely to benefit from this kind of legislation, due to the harassment and marginalization of this particular minority group. The mismatch between the conservative values in...
44
Nagy, Gergely. "The aspects of neo-Ottomanism in the Turkish foreign policies toward Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina and Kosovo". Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-298258.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The thesis examines the aspects of neo-Ottomanism in Turkish foreign policies toward three Balkan countries - Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo -, focusing on the developments of the last decade. Turkey has become quite active in the Balkans and in these countries in the last few years, however, this activism is not without any antecendents. These areas were the core European territories of the Ottoman Empire and after the dissolution of this entity, Turkey still attached special importance to these countries, albeit during the Cold War relations were cooler. On the other hand, with the fall of the Iron Curtain, the rise of the AK Party to government position and Ahmet Davutoglu becoming Minister of Foreign Affairs in Turkey, the Balkans started to receive particular "limelight" in Turkish foreign policy. New ideas, expressions, approaches were incorporated into the forming self-confident and assertive foreign policy of Turkey. However, this new policy, referred to as neo- Ottomanism in many cases, infered criticisms too, from the West and from local politicians in the Balkans too. The thesis aims to remake and remodel this expression by highlighting other, more positive elements of it. Turkey's political, economic, cultural and military relations with Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina and...