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Damalas, Christos A. "Pesticides in agriculture: Environmental and health risks". Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health 4 (sierpień 2018): iv—v. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coesh.2018.08.001.
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You, Fuling, i Shilong Li. "Environmental regulations, green development of agriculture, and residents’ health—empirical analysis of Yangtze River Economic Belt in China". PeerJ 11 (26.07.2023): e15717. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15717.
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Environmental pollution and food safety have become key public health issues to be addressed in China. Since they are closely related to the green development of agriculture, it is of great practical significance to elucidate the intrinsic relationships between green development of agriculture, environmental regulation and residents’ health. Based on the panel data of the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2011 to 2020, this study investigates the impacts of environmental regulation and green development of agriculture on residents’ health and the influencing mechanism by applying fixed effects method, mediating effectsmethod and the spatial Dubin method. Results show that the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and agricultural films is harmful to residents’ health; environmental regulation has a negative correlation with the green development of agriculture and affect residents’ health through mediating effects; the green development of agriculture has negative spillover effects on residents’ health, indicating that purchasing finished products instead of producing locally reduces the input of production factors such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides and transfers health risks associated with agricultural production activities to neighboring areas. Intensifying command-and-control environmental regulation will induce the expansion of hidden economic activities and harm local residents’ health, while intensifying market-incentive environmental regulation will lead to the ‘Pollution Haven’ phenomenon because of the ‘race to the bottom’, in government and is harmful to the health of residents in neighboring areas. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate reasonable and feasible policies and strengthen the control and prevention of agricultural pollution to enhance green development of agriculture and improve residents’ health.
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Aji, Alfian Chrisna, Mohammad Masykuri i Retno Rosariastuti. "Fitoremediasi Logam Kromium di Tanah Sawah dengan Rami (Boehmeria nivea) dan Environmental Health Agriculture System (EHAS)". Bioeksperimen: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi 5, nr 2 (14.11.2019): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/bioeksperimen.v5i2.9232.
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Chromium metal is one of the heavy metal wastes from various industries and is persistent for the agricultural environment, especially in rice fields. Chromium metal can change biodiversity and ecosystem function in paddy soil. Chromium metal phytoremediation that pollutes paddy soils with hemp (Boehmeria nivea) is important because paddy soils play a role as a living medium for food crops, especially rice (Oryza sativa). One indicator of the success of phytoremediation is the reduction of chromium metal content in the soil, so it requires a policy system to maintain a healthy environmentally friendly agriculture. This study aimed to determine the ability of Boehmeria nivea to reduce levels of chromium metal in the soil and provide policy solutions to keep environmentally healthy agriculture. This study used a complete randomized block design, random sampling of chromium metal data. The results showed the initial concentration of chromium metal in the soil was 2.36 ppm, after treatment with the interaction between Agrobacterium sp. I3 with Boehmeria nivea (P0B1T1) and interaction of organic matter (compost) with Boehmeria nivea (P0B2T1) obtained Cr 1.37 ppm metal content with a decrease of 42.01%. The resulting policy solution is the Environment Health Agriculture System (EHAS). The conclusion of this study was phytoremediation of chromium metal using Boehmeria nivea combined with the Environment Health Agriculture System can create a healthy environmentally friendly agricultural system.
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Naizi, Al Khun, i Zish Rahmen. "Effectiveness of Sustainable Agriculture and Industrial Agriculture in Africa". Journal Siplieria Sciences 2, nr 1 (11.04.2021): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.48173/jss.v2i1.80.
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The aim of this analysis is to examine the efficacy of sustainable farming in Africa and industrial farming. Sustainable agriculture as an approach to food production that combines agriculture's economic, social and environmental dimensions. The agricultural societies in Asia and Africa have effectively followed these values. The growing evidence and accessible scientific review of the creation of programs suggests that sustainable interventions can be highly successful to enhance productivity, promote protection of soil and water incomes and to ensure food safety; improve agricultural, wildlife and plant health; increase natural disasters and climate change resistance, minimize greenhouse gas emissions and promote societies. This demonstrates that the efficiency of organic farming has a positive influence in different countries on the future of agriculture.
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Medeiros, Thayná Kelly Formiga de, Eliane Alves Lustosa, José Lucas dos Santos Oliveira, Elzenir Pereira Oliveira de Almeida i Edevaldo da Silva. "Uses and Implications of Pesticides for Environmental Health and Family Farmers in the Hinterland of Paraíba". Ensaios e Ciência C Biológicas Agrárias e da Saúde 26, nr 3 (11.11.2022): 245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/1415-6938.2022v26n3p245-250.
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Os agrotóxicos têm causado incontáveis impactos ao meio ambiente, a produção de alimentos e a saúde humana. Este estudo objetivou conhecer a percepção ambiental de agricultores do sertão da Paraíba, sobre os usos e impactos da utilização de agrotóxicos na agricultura familiar da região. Para a coleta de dados, foram aplicados questionários a agricultores familiares com 11 questões/afirmativas, distribuídas em discursivas (7) e objetivas na escala de Likert (4). Foram entrevistados 148 participantes, distribuídos nos municípios de Santa Luzia (62), São José do Sabugi (27), Várzea (22), Mãe D'Água (20), e Imaculada (17). Grande parte dos agricultores (87,2%, n = 129) já utilizou os agroquímicos na agricultura para prevenir pragas, insetos e bactérias. Os agricultores familiares identificaram 12 tipos de agrotóxicos usados no sertão paraibano, na qual se percebe que os trabalhadores se expuseram às substâncias que podem provocar sérios prejuízos ao meio ambiente e à sua saúde humana. Os agricultores afirmaram que obtiveram informação do uso e aplicação de agrotóxicos por meio de vizinhos (37,8%, n = 56), familiares (33,8%, n = 50) e meios de comunicação (28,4%, n = 42). 33,1% dos agricultores afirmou descartar no lixo as embalagens vazias de agrotóxicos. É necessário despertar uma relação sistêmica entre o homem e meio ambiente, capaz de promover a sensibilização dos moradores rurais para uso de práticas agroecológicas, em busca de uma agricultura sustentável. Palavras-chave: Saúde Humana. Meio Ambiente. Práticas agroecológicas. Agricultura Sustentável. Abstract Pesticides have caused countless impacts on the environment, the food production, and human health. This study aims to understand the environmental perception of farmers in the hinterland of Paraíba, Brazil, about the uses and impacts of pesticides in regional family farming. For data collection, questionnaires were applied to family farmers containing 11 questions/statements distributed in discursive questions (seven) and questions in the Likert scale (four). The sample comprised 148 participants distributed in the municipalities of Santa Luzia (62), São José do Sabugi (27), Várzea (22), Mãe D'Água (20), and Imaculada (17). Among them, 87.2% (n = 129) said they had already used agrochemicals in agriculture to prevent pests, insects, and bacteria. Family farmers reported using 12 types of pesticides. Some of them were of toxicological classifications III and IV; exposure to pesticides may cause serious damage to the environment and to health. Participants obtained information on the use and application of these pesticides through neighbors (37.8%, n = 56), family members (33.8%, n = 50), and the media (28.4%, n = 42), and 33.1% of farmers said they discarded empty pesticide containers in the trash. The farmers evaluated the need for guidance and/or technical training for their protection and better choice and handling of these agrochemicals, or other ways to conduct a more sustainable and healthy management. It is necessary to awaken a systemic relationship between man and the environment capable of promoting awareness of rural residents about the use of agroecological practices seeking sustainable agriculture. Keywords: Human Health. Environment. Agroecological Practices. Sustainable Agriculture.
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Maltseva, I. S. "SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT". Scientific Review Theory and Practice 11, nr 7 (2021): 2050–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.35679/2226-0226-2021-11-7-2050-2069.
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Modern agricultural production is associated with various problems, such as: depletion of non-renewable natural resources; soil damage; adverse effects of agricultural chemicals on human health and the environment; lower quality of food. Sustainable agriculture, combining environmental, economic and social challenges, can make a significant contribution to poverty reduction and food security. Given climate change and environmental pressures, broader approaches to sustainable agriculture are needed, but the key question is whether cur- rent farming practices can provide products to a growing population in a fair, healthy and sustainable manner. Traditional agriculture faces serious resource and environmental challenges. Agricultural resources include: land and soil resources (including soil types, minerals, soil microorganisms and soil pollution), plant diversity, weed potentials, food resources and animal resources. At the same time, land resources form the basis of natural resources used in agricultural production. The article examines the concept of sustainable agriculture, shows the principles and factors affecting sustainability. The relationship between sustainable agriculture and sustainable resource management is considered. An assessment of the sustainability of agricultural production and land use in the northern region was carried out on the materials of the Komi Republic. The possibilities of transition to sustainable development of agriculture and sustainable resource management are considered.
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Fuhrimann, Samuel, Chenjie Wan, Elodie Blouzard, Adriana Veludo, Zelda Holtman, Shala Chetty-Mhlanga, Mohamed Aqiel Dalvie i in. "Pesticide Research on Environmental and Human Exposure and Risks in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Literature Review". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, nr 1 (27.12.2021): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010259.
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On the African continent, ongoing agriculture intensification is accompanied by the increasing use of pesticides, associated with environmental and public health concerns. Using a systematic literature review, we aimed to map current geographical research hotspots and gaps around environmental and public health risks research of agriculture pesticides in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Studies were included that collected primary data on past and current-used agricultural pesticides and assessed their environmental occurrence, related knowledge, attitude and practice, human exposure, and environmental or public health risks between 2006 and 2021. We identified 391 articles covering 469 study sites in 37 countries in SSA. Five geographical research hotspots were identified: two in South Africa, two in East Africa, and one in West Africa. Despite its ban for agricultural use, organochlorine was the most studied pesticide group (60%; 86% of studies included DDT). Current-used pesticides in agriculture were studied in 54% of the study sites (including insecticides (92%), herbicides (44%), and fungicides (35%)). Environmental samples were collected in 67% of the studies (e.g., water, aquatic species, sediment, agricultural produce, and air). In 38% of the studies, human subjects were investigated. Only few studies had a longitudinal design or assessed pesticide’s environmental risks; human biomarkers; dose-response in human subjects, including children and women; and interventions to reduce pesticide exposure. We established a research database that can help stakeholders to address research gaps, foster research collaboration between environmental and health dimensions, and work towards sustainable and safe agriculture systems in SSA.
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Chaudhary, Khalid Mehmood, Saleem Ashraf, Ijaz Ashraf, Muhammad Iftikhar, Ghazanfar Ali Khan i Aqeela Sagheer. "EMERGING HUMAN HEALTH RISKS PERTINENT TO MODERN AGRICULTURE;". Professional Medical Journal 20, nr 06 (15.12.2013): 864–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2013.20.06.1833.
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In developing countries week and dispersed link has been shown between agriculture and human diseases. In this regardpresent review was conducted and revealed several examples that there exist strong link between agriculture and diseases. Reviewcategorized the major disease into zoonotic, vector borne and food associated. Zoonotic diseases were found to be transmitted by thelivestock. Some of these diseases are also associates with vectors that were found to be transmitted by the agriculture. Mosquito is themajor vector transferring malaria, cholera and skin diseases. Agricultural intensification is the major source of their climate changethrough increased emission of green house gases. Agricultural intensification, ecological disturbance and inadequate agriculturalmanagements are the dominant reason revealed. Rate of future agricultural diseases such as zoonotic diseases emergence orreemergence will be closely linked to the evolution of the agriculture–environment nexus. Meanwhile, the available research is not enoughto address these issues. Agriculture sector is for peace and sustainability and to strengthen this sustainability there is dire need ofConvergence is needed between integrated pest management strategies and integrated vector management strategies to help farmersimprove their agricultural practices while minimizing environmental risks to health. In addition, further research by the medical scientistsand agricultural scientists is needed to explore the epidemiology of various diseases caused by the agricultural activities throughpromotion of vector.
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M. Tahat, Monther, Kholoud M. Alananbeh, Yahia A. Othman i Daniel I. Leskovar. "Soil Health and Sustainable Agriculture". Sustainability 12, nr 12 (15.06.2020): 4859. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12124859.
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A healthy soil acts as a dynamic living system that delivers multiple ecosystem services, such as sustaining water quality and plant productivity, controlling soil nutrient recycling decomposition, and removing greenhouse gases from the atmosphere. Soil health is closely associated with sustainable agriculture, because soil microorganism diversity and activity are the main components of soil health. Agricultural sustainability is defined as the ability of a crop production system to continuously produce food without environmental degradation. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), cyanobacteria, and beneficial nematodes enhance water use efficiency and nutrient availability to plants, phytohormones production, soil nutrient cycling, and plant resistance to environmental stresses. Farming practices have shown that organic farming and tillage improve soil health by increasing the abundance, diversity, and activity of microorganisms. Conservation tillage can potentially increase grower’s profitability by reducing inputs and labor costs as compared to conventional tillage while organic farming might add extra management costs due to high labor demands for weeding and pest control, and for fertilizer inputs (particularly N-based), which typically have less consistent uniformity and stability than synthetic fertilizers. This review will discuss the external factors controlling the abundance of rhizosphere microbiota and the impact of crop management practices on soil health and their role in sustainable crop production.
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Waage, Jeff. "Understanding the relationship between environment, agriculture and health: An interdisciplinary challenge". Indonesian Journal of Applied Environmental Studies 3, nr 1 (30.04.2022): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.33751/injast.v3i1.5075.
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In an editorial last year, Prof. Kathryn Monk explained the importance to environmental research of an interdisciplinary approach. She has asked me to share with readers some further, personal thoughts on this topic. I am an ecologist by training, but I spent much of my career managing agricultural research programmes in tropical regions. For the last ten years, I have held a position in a school of public health. This varied disciplinary experience has given me the opportunity to explore and understand interactions between environment, agriculture and human health. It is helpful to think of environment, agriculture, and health as points in a triangle, each having specific interactions with an adjacent sector, but also being influenced by more complex, three-way interactions. For environmental scientists, the interactions with agriculture are probably the most familiar. Extensive planting of crops like rice and oil palm has dramatic effects on biological diversity, water systems and their function, and soils. The importance of healthy environments to agriculture is repeatedly demonstrated. Thirty years ago, I had the opportunity to review the Indonesian national programme on integrated pest management in rice. Use of pesticides on rice was, paradoxically, causing severe outbreaks of pests like brown planthopper. The environmental processes behind this were actually quite complex. Soon after flooding, aquatic arthropods colonizing rice paddies provided a food source for generalist predators that moved in and built levels capable of suppressing subsequent pest invasion. Pesticides killed off this general predator community, while the pests, which lay their eggs inside plants, were less affected and their populations exploded in this predator-free environment (Settle et al. 1996). Integrated Pest Management (IPM) on rice, pioneered in countries like Indonesia, was for many years a leading example of the value of integrating environmental and agricultural research.Environmental scientists will be less familiar, perhaps, with the interactions between agriculture and health, so here is a short introduction. Agricultural systems have two impacts on health, which for historical reasons have been treated as separate disciplines in the health sector. They produce food that contributes to nutrition, which is usually, but not always, a health benefit, and they produce distinct health risks, including diseases associated with food and food production, and toxins associated with agriculture, such as the pesticide just mentioned.
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Azizur Rahman, Mohammad, Nabidur Rahman, Salman Shakil i Shahdat Hossain. "Chitin – A Structural Polysaccharide for Health and Environmental Alimentation". Biotechnology and Bioprocessing 2, nr 8 (28.10.2021): 01–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2766-2314/056.
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Ever increasing physiological and environmental abnormalities warrant natural, safe, easy to extract, less expensive and eco-friendly bio-components of versatile usage. Chitin, the second most abundant polysaccharide in the world, seems promising in fighting diseases, boosting immunity up and maintaining environment fresh. Chitin is a polysaccharide of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine forms the exoskeletons of arthropods, mollusks and insects, cell walls of fungi and scales of fishes. Based on extraction, purification and integration enhancement, chitin could be of greater importance for the maintenance of human health, agriculture and environment. Present article compares and contrasts the methods utilized for extraction and purification of chitin from different sources and review its current fields and suggest the future aspects.
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Asfawi, Supriyono, Ari Probandari, Prabang Setyono i Hartono. "Comparison of the Health Cost of Organic and Conventional Vegetable Cultivation in Getasan Sub-district, Semarang, Indonesia". Journal of Environmental Science and Management 24, nr 1 (30.06.2021): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2021_1/04.
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Environmental damage will disrupt the ecosystem to support life. Unsustainable agriculture can be a source of environmental degradation. Conventional agriculture may have an effect on the environment, thus the participation of various parties in sustainable agriculture is needed. Organic agriculture is developed as an environmentally friendly agricultural cultivation with many benefits. Compared to the attention on occupational health, safety and environmental problems, economic motives receive less attention. This study aims to calculate the costs arising from the health impacts of vegetable cultivation. There were 314 respondents interviewed in this study. There were significant differences in the sickness complaints felt by respondents; organic farmer groups have the potential to incur health costs of Rp. 30,333.33, while the conventional group is higher, with a cost of Rp. 103.303.57 (US$ 7.38). Organic farming has a better impact because it uses natural ingredients and is not bad for health. The potential losses arising from health cases also show a high and significant number (p <0.001).
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S, Nifasath Piyar, i Dr S. Baulkani. "A Review of Wireless Sensor Networks in Agriculture". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 12 (31.12.2022): 577–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.47936.
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Abstract: Wireless sensor network (WSN) contains various sensor nodes with the capacity of sensing, computing, and wireless communications. WSN technology is used to control and monitor the environmental and soil parameter in agricultural field. WSN employ as a part of agriculture for few reasons like gives high interpretation, increase the production of the crop, lowpower consumption and gather distributed data. Efficient management of water assumes an important part in agriculture. Various agricultural parameters like soil moisture, atmospheric temperature and humidity etc. are monitored and controlled by Monitoring and Controlling Units. WSN have fascinated much attention in various research areas like health care monitoring, environment monitoring and structural health monitoring. Recently WSN is widely used to provide solution on precision agriculture to overcome various problems in the real-world (field).This paper reviews the monitoring of precision agriculture using wireless sensor network focuses on literature of the development of a wireless sensor network on agricultural environment to monitor environmental conditions and deduce the appropriate environmental and agriculture. Agriculture and farming is one of the industries which has recently started using WSN to increase the productivity and standardize the agricultural yield at affordable cost.
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Shakeela, R., i S. N. Sugumar. "Agriculture and Women's Health". Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development 10, nr 11 (2019): 642. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2019.03549.6.
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Trivedi, Reena. "CHANGING AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES AND IT’S SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES". SCHOLARLY RESEARCH JOURNAL FOR HUMANITY SCIENCE AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE 9, nr 46 (25.03.2021): 11289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21922/srjhsel.v9i46.1536.
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Agricultural technology advancements are continuously taking place in India, as the progress of agricultural sector directly impacts a major proportion of population and its living condition. Farmers are interested to adopt new inventions and technologies in agriculture. Modern agricultural practices are significantly affecting human health and environment. The release of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide are adversely affecting biodiversity and increasing air, water and soil pollution. Agricultural residue management, use of pesticides and insecticides, inorganic manure, chemical fertilizers leads to harmful effect on human health and increasing environmental pollution. Recent agriculture trends emphasizes on enhancing agricultural production in terms of quantity in less time, overlooking its adverse affects. In this paper we have analyzed the negative effects of modern agricultural practices on human health and environment. It leads to decline in soil fertility, loss of biodiversity, climate change, air, water and soil pollution, environmental degradation etc. Our farmers are now adopting modern agricultural techniques, using chemical fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides, expanding irrigation facilities, using high yielding varieties of seeds, modern machines, varying crop sequences etc. But these efforts of expanding food supply in less time is taking place at the cost of human health and environment degradation. Spray of harmful chemicals on crops not only pollutes underground water and air but also bad for human and animal health. Non harmonious, unwise and unsustainable agricultural practices have a considerable impact on environment and also harmful for living beings.
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Doran, Nicoleta Mihaela, Roxana Maria Bădîrcea i Marius Dalian Doran. "Financing the Agri-Environmental Policy: Consequences on the Economic Growth and Environmental Quality in Romania". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, nr 21 (26.10.2022): 13908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192113908.
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The aim of this research is to point out the impact that the application of the agri-environmental policy has on the economic growth and on the quality of the environment, these being the main aspects targeted by the practice of a sustainable agriculture. The research is conducted based on the agri-environment indicators for Romania for the period of time between 1997 and 2019. In order to answer the objectives of this whole research, we performed stationarity tests, a cointegration test and used the Fully Modified Least Squares (FMOLS) method to estimate the relationships between the variables included in the three proposed models. The obtained results highlighted the positive influence exerted by the area that was arranged for irrigation and the agricultural area that was arranged with drainage works on the GDP, but also the negative influence of the amount of natural fertilizers used in agriculture. The use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides generates an increase in environmental degradation, meaning CO2 emissions, while an increase in the agricultural area arranged with erosion control and land improvement works, leads to reducing environmental degradations. The limitations of this research lie in the fact that the agri-environmental indicators are specific to each country in the European Union and, therefore, it is difficult to make comparisons with other member states or to apply the measures recommended for Romania to other states with similar agricultural and economic systems.
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Samoggia, Antonella, Aldo Bertazzoli i Arianna Ruggeri. "European Rural Development Policy Approaching Health Issues: An Exploration of Programming Schemes". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, nr 16 (18.08.2019): 2973. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162973.
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Malnutrition, obesity, type 2 diabetes, micronutrient deficiencies, and the increase in non-communicable diseases are among the future European key challenges in health and welfare. Agriculture and rural development policies can positively contribute to a healthier and nutritious supply of food. The objective of the research is to analyze to what extent European 2007–2013 and 2014–2020 rural development programmes address the nexus between agriculture, food, health, and nutrition to respond to the evolving dietary needs. The research carries out a quali-quantitative content analysis on all 210 European rural development programmes. Results show that the interconnection between agriculture, food, health, and nutrition is present, with differences in the European agricultural and rural policy programming periods. The main interlinking issues of the nexus are food safety, food quality, diseases, nutritional aspect, animal health and welfare, plant health, and environmental health. Healthier and nutritious food-related issues are emerging, addressing dietary needs, and sustaining consumer food trends. Healthy and nutritious food is pursued by combating foodborne communicable diseases and non-communicable diseases. The future Common Agricultural Policy, including its rural dimensions, should support the consumption of healthy foods produced in ways that are environmentally and economically sustainable.
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Li, Xiaozhong, i Feng Huang. "Path Deconstruction of Agricultural Environmental Sustainable Development Policy in the Process of International Agricultural Trade Liberalization". Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2022 (28.09.2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3101244.
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Agriculture is particularly essential in the equilibrium between man and nature because of its intimate contact with nature. So the cornerstone for the sustainable development of the human economy and society is the sustainable development of agriculture. When it comes to global trade, agricultural trade has always been in a very special position. The basic situation of agriculture involves food safety, environmental protection, Chinese politics, and many other issues. In order to overcome the problems of overlapping, repetitive, and too many indicators in the evaluation method of agricultural environmental sustainable development and unfavorable for practical operation, this paper proposes an ecological footprint model based on emergy. The model can effectively evaluate the ability of sustainable development of agricultural environment and solve the problem that traditional evaluation methods cannot comprehensively evaluate. This makes agricultural development sustainable and is conducive to the liberalization of international agricultural trade. The experimental results of this paper show that from 2014 to 2018, the degree of damage to the agricultural environment has increased from 21% to 45%, which has led to a decline in the quality of agricultural products, and the output and sales are not as good as before. It can be seen that only by ensuring the sustainable development of the agricultural environment can we ensure the smooth progress of the international agricultural trade liberalization and make China’s economy flourish.
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Fan, Jianling, Cuiying Liu, Jianan Xie, Lu Han, Chuanhong Zhang, Dengwei Guo, Junzhao Niu, Hao Jin i Brian G. McConkey. "Life Cycle Assessment on Agricultural Production: A Mini Review on Methodology, Application, and Challenges". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, nr 16 (9.08.2022): 9817. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19169817.
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Agricultural Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is an effective tool for the quantitative evaluation and analysis of agricultural materials production and operation activities in various stages of the agricultural system. Based on the concept of life cycle, it comprehensively summarizes the impact of agriculture on the environment, which is an effective tool to promote the sustainability and green development of agriculture. In recent years, agricultural LCA has been widely used in the agroecosystem for resource and environmental impacts analysis. However, some challenges still exist in agricultural LCA, i.e., the environmental impact assessment index system needs to be improved; its application in different production mode is limited; and combination research with other models needs more attention. This paper discusses the above-mentioned challenges and recommends research priorities for both scientific development and improvements in practical implementation. In summary, further research is needed to construct a regional heterogeneity database and develop innovated methodologies to develop more meaningful functional units for agricultural products to complement LCA by other models. These efforts will make agricultural LCA more robust and effective in environmental impacts assessment to support decision making from individual farm to regional or (inter)national for the sustainable future of agriculture.
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Amarasekara, M. G. T. S. "Managing Soil Health Towards Sustainable Agriculture". Sri Lankan Journal of Agriculture and Ecosystems 3, nr 2 (28.12.2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljae.v3i2.77.
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Mondal, Mousumi, Benukar Biswas, Sourav Garai, Sukamal Sarkar, Hirak Banerjee, Koushik Brahmachari, Prasanta Kumar Bandyopadhyay i in. "Zeolites Enhance Soil Health, Crop Productivity and Environmental Safety". Agronomy 11, nr 3 (28.02.2021): 448. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11030448.
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In modern days, rapid urbanisation, climatic abnormalities, water scarcity and quality degradation vis-à-vis the increasing demand for food to feed the growing population necessitate a more efficient agriculture production system. In this context, farming with zeolites, hydrated naturally occurring aluminosilicates found in sedimentary rocks, which are ubiquitous and environment friendly, has attracted attention in the recent past owing to multidisciplinary benefits accrued from them in agricultural activities. The use of these minerals as soil ameliorants facilitates the improvement of soil’s physical and chemical properties as well as alleviates heavy metal toxicity. Additionally, natural and surface-modified zeolites have selectivity for major essential nutrients, including ammonium (NH4+), phosphate (PO42−), nitrate (NO3−), potassium (K+) and sulphate (SO42−), in their unique porous structure that reduces nutrient leaching. The slow-release nature of zeolites is also beneficial to avail nutrients optimally throughout crop growth. These unique characteristics of zeolites improve the fertilizer and water use efficiency and, subsequently, diminish environmental pollution by reducing nitrate leaching and the emissions of nitrous oxides and ammonia. The aforesaid characteristics significantly improve the growth, productivity and quality of versatile crops, along with maximising resource use efficiency. This literature review highlights the findings of previous studies as well as the prospects of zeolite application for achieving sustenance in agriculture without negotiating the output.
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Horrigan, Leo, Robert S. Lawrence i Polly Walker. "How sustainable agriculture can address the environmental and human health harms of industrial agriculture." Environmental Health Perspectives 110, nr 5 (maj 2002): 445–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.02110445.
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Mubonderi, James. "Environmental Protection and Economic Development in Zimbabwe". Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2023 (18.07.2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/3232851.
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The main objective of the paper is to assess the implications of the business expansion approach to economic development in Zimbabwe on the quality of the environment. In terms of the research methodology, the research adopted a mixed methodology and utilized a parallel semantic convergent research design. The study gathered data using questionnaires, interviews, and observations from the 600 randomly selected businesses from the agriculture, entrepreneurship, and small-scale mining sectors. Data were analyzed using STATA. The paper hypothesized that there is no significant relationship between entrepreneurship, mining, and agricultural activities under Zimbabwe’s expansion business approach and environmental protection. The findings have highlighted that Zimbabwe is dominated by illegal entrepreneurship, peri-urban agriculture, and artisanal mining activities. Such illegal activities negatively affect the quality of the environment in Zimbabwe. There is a lot of environmental degradation and land pollution associated with the expansion of nonformal and illegal business activities in Zimbabwe. However, the paper concluded that illegal agricultural, mining, and entrepreneurial activities which have been expanding since 2008 in Zimbabwe are affecting the quality of the environment. In terms of policy implications, it is necessary to put in place institutional instruments and enforcement mechanisms to protect the environment under the Zimbabwe expansion business approach.
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Wang, Yafei, Huanhuan Huang, Jing Liu, Jin Ren, Tingting Gao i Xinrui Chen. "Rural Industrial Integration’s Impact on Agriculture GTFP Growth: Influence Mechanism and Empirical Test Using China as an Example". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, nr 5 (21.02.2023): 3860. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20053860.
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Agricultural carbon emission is an significant cause of global climate change and many environmental and health problems. Achieving low-carbon and green development in agriculture is not only an inevitable choice for countries around the world to cope with climate change and the accompanying environmental and health problems, but also a necessary path for the sustainable development of global agriculture. The promotion of rural industrial integration is a practical way to realize sustainable agricultural growth and urban–rural integration development. The analysis framework of agriculture GTFP is creatively extended in this study to include the integration and growth of rural industries, rural human capital investment and rural land transfer. According to the sample data of 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020 and the systematic GMM estimation method, and through the combination of theoretical analysis and empirical testing, this paper discusses the influence mechanism of rural industrial integration development on agriculture GTFP growth, as well as the regulating role of rural human capital investment and rural land transfer. The results show that rural industrial integration has significantly promoted the growth of agriculture GTFP. Additionally, after decomposing agriculture GTFP into the agricultural green technology progress index and agricultural green technology efficiency index, it is found that rural industrial integration has a more obvious role in promoting agricultural green technology progress. Furthermore, quantile regression found that with the increase in agricultural GTFP, the promoting effect of rural industrial integration showed an “inverted U-shaped” feature. Through heterogeneity testing, it is found that the agriculture GTFP growth effect of rural industrial integration is more obvious in areas with high level of rural industrial integration. Additionally, as the nation places more and more focus on rural industrial integration, the promotion role of rural industrial integration has become more and more obvious. The moderating effect test showed that health, education and training, migration of rural human capital investment and rural land transfer all strengthened the promoting effect of rural industrial integration on agricultural GTFP growth to varying degrees. This study provides rich policy insights for China and other developing countries around the world to address global climate change and many related environmental and monitoring issues by developing rural industrial integration, strengthening rural human capital investment and promoting agricultural land transfer to achieve sustainable agricultural growth and reduce undesirable output outputs such as agricultural carbon emissions.
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Salim, M. Noor, Edi Wahyu Wibowo, Darwati Susilastuti i Tungga Buana Diana. "Analysis of Factors Affecting Community Participation Expectations on Sustainability Urban Farming in Jakarta City". International Journal of Science and Society 4, nr 3 (15.08.2022): 94–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.54783/ijsoc.v4i3.502.
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To meet the nutritional needs of the people of Jakarta, urban agriculture is one of the food supply solutions. This study analyzes community expectations for participation in sustainable urban agriculture in Jakarta. The latest developments of this study provide results on the impact of economic, health and environmental variables on people's expectations for the sustainability of urban agriculture in Jakarta. The novelty of this study is that it considers the theme of the study, namely the inhabitants of the city of Jakarta, engaged in urban agriculture, a total of 112 respondents. The results of this study indicate that economic, health and environmental variables, simultaneously or in part, positively influence the expectations of community involvement in the sustainability of urban agricultural activities in the city of Jakarta. Based on these findings, it can be said that the expectation of community engagement in sustainable urban agriculture in Jakarta translates into greater productivity, knowledge, skills, awareness and understanding of the existence of clear regulations. The corrected R-square value is 0.704 based on the results of the coefficients that determine the impact of economic, health and environmental factors on community participation expectations in the sustainability of urban agriculture in Jakarta. In other words, 70.4% of community participation expectations in urban agriculture depend on economic factors, while health and other environmental factors depend on other factors. Expectations for community involvement in sustainable urban agriculture are already high and Jakarta's food security can be ensured later.
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Handam, Natasha Berendonk, Ana Beatriz Loureiro Gonçalves da Silva, Rodrigo Bezerra da Silva, Priscila Gonçalves Moura, Elvira Carvajal, Adriana Sotero-Martins i José Augusto Albuquerque dos Santos. "Sanitary quality of reused water for irrigation in agriculture in Brazil". Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 17, nr 3 (25.05.2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2809.
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Reused water is produced from treated effluents, and can be an alternative source of water for agriculture. However, its quality must be assessed to avoid causing damage to human and environmental health. This study evaluated the sanitary quality (bacteriological and physicochemical) of reused water samples for agricultural irrigation, compared with those described in Brazilian and international regulations. Bacteriological analyses were performed, and the results were compared with the norm of the Brazilian Association of Technical Norms (ABNT) NBR nº 13.969/1997. Physical and chemical analyses of the reused water samples were carried out, and the results were compared with the standards described by regulations: Resolution of the State Council for the Environment of Ceará No. 2 of 2017; Resolution of the Bahia State Water Resources Council No. 75 of 2010; and “Guidelines for Water Reuse” from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency - EPA. According to Brazilian regulations, bacteriological analyses showed that the "chlorinated" and "polished" samples were suitable for agriculture. However, the “biological" sample was unsuitable for use, and showed a high level of thermotolerant coliforms (25.800 CFU / mL). According to bacteriological and physical-chemical analyses, the “polished” sample was only proper for agriculture irrigation. Therefore, the work suggests the creation of federal law regarding agricultural reuse to control the sanitary quality of water for human and environmental health.
Keywords: agricultural reuse, agriculture, bacteriological and physicochemical evaluation, norms for reuse in agriculture.
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Dangour, Alan D., Rosemary Green, Barbara Häsler, Jonathan Rushton, Bhavani Shankar i Jeff Waage. "Linking agriculture and health in low- and middle-income countries: an interdisciplinary research agenda". Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 71, nr 2 (16.03.2012): 222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665112000213.
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Recent global fluctuations in food prices and continuing environmental degradation highlight the future challenge of feeding a growing world population. However, current dialogues rarely address the relationship between agricultural changes and health. This relationship is traditionally associated with the role of food in nutrition and with food safety, and while these are key interactions, we show in this paper that the relationship is far more complex and interesting. Besides the direct effects of agriculture on population nutrition, agriculture also influences health through its impact on household incomes, economies and the environment. These effects are felt particularly in low- and middle-income countries, where dramatic changes are affecting the agriculture–health relationship, in particular the growth of nutrition-related chronic disease and the associated double burden of under- and over-nutrition. Greater understanding of the negative effects of agriculture on health is also needed. While lengthening food value chains make the chain of influence between agricultural policy, food consumption, nutrition and health more complex, there remain opportunities to improve health by changing agricultural systems. The first challenge in doing this, we suggest, is to improve our capacity to measure the impact of agricultural interventions on health outcomes, and vice versa.
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dos Santos, Mayara Santana, Sérgio Antunes Filho i Bianca Pizzorno Backx. "Bionanotechnology in Agriculture: A One Health Approach". Life 13, nr 2 (12.02.2023): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13020509.
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Healthy eating habits are one of the requirements for the health of society. In particular, in natura foods are increasingly encouraged, since they have a high concentration of nutrients. However, these foods are often grown in the presence of agrochemicals, such as fertilizers and pesticides. To increase crop productivity and achieve high vigor standards in less time, farmers make excessive use of agrochemicals that generate various economic, environmental, and clinical problems. In this way, bionanotechnology appears as an ally in developing technologies to improve planting conditions, ranging from the health of farmers and consumers to the production of new foods and functional foods. All these improvements are based on the better use of land use in synergy with the lowest generation of environmental impacts and the health of living beings, with a view to the study and production of technologies that take into account the concept of One Health in its processes and products. In this review article, we will address how caring for agriculture can directly influence the quality of the most desired foods in contemporary society, and how new alternatives based on nanotechnology can point to efficient and safe solutions for living beings on our planet.
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Coggon, D. "Occupational health in British agriculture". Occupational Medicine 52, nr 8 (1.12.2002): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/52.8.439.
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Kwakwa, Paul Adjei, Vera Acheampong i Solomon Aboagye. "Does agricultural development affect environmental quality? The case of carbon dioxide emission in Ghana". Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 33, nr 2 (9.12.2021): 527–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-09-2021-0222.
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PurposeAgricultural development still constitutes an integral part of Ghana's drive towards job creation, industrial development and economic growth with various growth policies placing the agricultural sector at the core. While there are likely environmental effects of agricultural activities, evidence in Ghana remains scanty. The study focused on examining, empirically, the effects of the development of the agricultural sector on carbon dioxide (CO2) emission in Ghana.Design/methodology/approachThe paper employed the Stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence and technology (STIRPAT) framework to test for the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis for agriculture and carbon dioxide emission as well as the effect that the changing structure of Ghana's agricultural development has on carbon dioxide emission for the 1971–2018 period. Regression analysis, variance decomposition and causality analysis were performed.FindingsThe regression results revealed a U-shaped relationship between agricultural development and carbon emission, implying a rejection of the EKC hypothesis between the two variables. In addition, the Structural Adjustment Programme was found to positively moderate the effect agriculture has on carbon emission.Practical implicationsThe study recommends the need for policy-makers to facilitate the large-scale adoption and use of modern technology and environmentally friendly agricultural methods.Originality/valueThe study is among the few works to assess the EKC hypothesis between agriculture and carbon dioxide emission in Africa. The direct and indirect effect of structural adjustment programme on carbon emission is estimated.
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Zhou, Zhiqiang, Wenyan Liu, Huilin Wang i Jingyu Yang. "The Impact of Environmental Regulation on Agricultural Productivity: From the Perspective of Digital Transformation". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, nr 17 (30.08.2022): 10794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710794.
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China’s goal of becoming a strong agricultural country cannot be achieved without the modernization and digital transformation of the agricultural sector. Presently, China’s agriculture has ushered in the era of digital economy transformation. The digital transformation of agriculture has played a huge role in improving agricultural productivity, promoting sustainable development of China’s agricultural economy, and achieving sustainable development goals. The deep integration of digital economy and agricultural economy has become an important issue of The Times. This study uses a two-way fixed-effects model and an instrumental variable method to examine the impact of environmental regulation on agricultural total factor productivity. Using the method of mechanism analysis, the conduction path of improving agricultural productivity under the means of environmental regulation is discussed. Therefore, the visualization analysis results based on the panel data of Chinese agricultural enterprises from 2011 to 2019 show that the distribution of digital transformation and productivity level of enterprises is uneven and tends to be stable in space. The empirical analysis results show that there is a direct and significant positive relationship between voluntary environmental regulation and agricultural total factor productivity. The results of mechanism analysis show that, under the means of environmental regulation, digital transformation plays an indirect role in improving agricultural productivity. On the basis of enriching and deepening the theoretical extension of the “Porter Hypothesis”, this study subtly incorporates environmental regulation, digital transformation, and agricultural productivity into a unified framework, expanding existing research.
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Aillery, Marcel, Jim Hrubovcak, Carol Kramer-LeBlanc, Robbin Shoemaker i Abebayehu Tegene. "Agriculture in an Ecosystems Framework". Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 25, nr 2 (październik 1996): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500007759.
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By broadening the definition of an ecosystem to include economic activities, can we better characterize the interactions and relationships among agricultural activities and important indicators of ecological system health? This paper addresses research approaches for assessing the role of agriculture in an ecosystems context. Environmental regulation and resource management policies have heightened the interest in understanding interactions among agricultural activities and the natural resource base, including the impacts of agriculture on environmental quality and the impacts on agriculture of ecosystem restoration efforts. What are the most meaningful indicators of environmental quality? Which agricultural practices and policies should be considered, along with which nonagricultural resource uses? Finally, does the evolving thinking about ecosystems permit us to link agricultural practices and policies more directly and meaningfully to conceptions of sustainability, of both natural and socioeconomic systems? This paper presents a brief synopsis of ecosystem management, drawing from several recent governmental initiatives. It then provides an overview of the economics of ecosystem management from the perspective of the role of agriculture; discusses two specific cases, the Pacific Northwest and South Florida; and concludes with a discussion of promising economic approaches, data needs, and caveats to those engaged in policy analysis involving ecosystem restoration.
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Bulut, Sancar, i Zeki Gökalp. "AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION". Current Trends in Natural Sciences 11, nr 21 (31.07.2022): 372–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i21.041.
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The resources necessary for food production have shown a disquieting deterioration during the last three decades. Modern intensive agriculture has an adverse effect not only on the physical environment but also on human health. On the other hand, 'Sustainable Agricultural Systems', which has gained importance in recent years, deals with both the protection of natural resources and the increase in plant production. In these systems, production is ensured by directing the resources obtained from the system cycle, not the chemicals and inputs that harm human, plant and environmental health, and quality healthy products are obtained. In 'Organic Farming', which is one of the sustainable agricultural systems, it is aimed to cause the least damage to the environment by producing healthy foods without disturbing the natural balance. The risk of pollution is less because less economic input is used in these and similar protected sustainable agricultural systems. While the inputs used in agricultural production stage increase the productivity of the product produced per unit area and make it more resistant to diseases and pests, they can have negative effects on the living things in the immediate vicinity and the ecosystem. While the development of agriculture in a region positively affects the natural life, oxygen production and climate in the region, inorganic nitrate pollution, pesticide pollution and salinity problems can be listed as the negative effects of agriculture on the environment, especially in regions where intensive agriculture is practiced. Also, agricultural water use, application of fertilizers and pesticides may negatively affect the water courses, deforestation, and crop and animal raising may result in greenhouse gas emissions, unsuitable agricultural practices may have detrimental impacts on soil, genetic resources and biodiversity. In order to ensure sustainability in agriculture, by abandoning the agricultural production methods based on excessive chemical pesticides and fertilizers that the producers have applied until now; an economical fertilization, preserving the organic matter ratio of the soil by preventing stubble fires, reduced tillage, combating diseases, pests and weeds in integration with a suitable crop rotation are of great importance.
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Saville, Anne, i Alison Adams. "Balancing Environmental Remediation, Environmental Justice, and Health Disparities: the Case of Lake Apopka, Florida". Case Studies in the Environment 3, nr 1 (31.12.2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cse.2018.001610.
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Agricultural production in the United States provides numerous economic contributions from the national scale to the local, providing farmworker and laborer jobs for hundreds of thousands of people [1]. Unfortunately, conventional agricultural operations are often associated with pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers, which can cause environmental degradation and health problems. Large-scale conventional agriculture is often using pesticide, herbicide, and fertilizer intensive, and these chemicals may contaminate natural environments, harming wildlife, and degrading water quality. When contamination incidents occur, government agencies and non-profit organizations respond in various ways, including environmental remediation. These efforts can be successful in restoring water quality and improving biodiversity. But, what happens when clean-up efforts are able to improve the physical environment but do not address human health? We use the case of Lake Apopka, Florida, to analyze a case of agricultural contamination that resulted in damage to the environment and the health of the farmworkers who were exposed to these harmful chemicals. Our analysis explores how government agencies and non-profit organizations were successful in their conservation efforts, but failed to help the farmworkers and other people who were sick as a result of exposure to toxic chemicals. We conclude with recommendations for policy makers and environmentalists to better address and include marginalized or vulnerable communities in environmental remediation projects.
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Zhou, Yan, Chunjui Wei i Yong Zhou. "How Does Urban Farming Benefit Participants? Two Case Studies of the Garden City Initiative in Taipei". Land 12, nr 1 (25.12.2022): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12010055.
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In discussions on urban food security and healthy aging, urban agriculture is described in the context of changing approaches to sustainable urban development under crises. Space planning-related urban agriculture practices, such as edible landscaping combing design and small-scale crop production, are the primary active strategies and environmental policy tools. This paper addresses urban food security and health aging by practicing campus agriculture and community gardens around National Taiwan University. In particular, this study adopts participatory action research, participatory observation, and semi-structured, in-depth interviews as the research method. We examined the challenges and benefits of implementing urban agriculture in Taipei. Further, we proposed that urban agricultural space building and planning based on a social support network of urban agriculture can effectively address food supply and healthy aging for an aging urban society to some extent.
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Dhingra, Gauri Garg, Anjali Saxena, Aeshna Nigam, Princy Hira, Nirjara Singhvi, Shailly Anand, Jasvinder Kaur i in. "Microbial World: Recent Developments in Health, Agriculture and Environmental Sciences". Indian Journal of Microbiology 61, nr 2 (29.03.2021): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12088-021-00931-9.
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Kumar, Rajesh. "Human Health and Environmental Effects of Pesticide Use in Agriculture". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 8, nr 12 (31.12.2020): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2020.32394.
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de Alba, Federico López. "Food production, environmental protection, and health effects in mexican agriculture". American Journal of Industrial Medicine 18, nr 4 (1990): 495–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700180423.
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Parajuli, Sovit, Jiban Shrestha i Sabita Ghimire. "Organic farming in Nepal: A viable option for food security and agricultural sustainability". Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science 5, nr 2 (25.06.2020): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2020.0502021.
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Increasing use of agrochemicals, higher production cost and deterioration of ecosystem health have advocated the need to change the traditional and external input using agriculture towards safe and sustainable organic production. The article reviewed on general overview of organic agriculture in Nepal. The article aims to put light on the current scenario of the dawdling-paced organic agriculture and the options to revive the pesticide dominated conventional agriculture. Promotion of organic agriculture was first appeared as a priority in the10th Five Year Plan of the Government of Nepal. Now it has been embedded in the national agricultural policy. Organic agriculture provides benefits in terms of environmental protection, conservation of nonrenewable resources, improved food quality, improve health status and the reorientation of agriculture towards areas of market demand. Various institutions, individuals and farmers are engaging in organic farming. Nepal is exporting organic products to international markets. The adoption of organic agriculture increases agricultural production and improves soil health and consumer health and seems a better option in countries like ours where fortunately integrated crop-livestock system is still prevalent. It is found to be viable option for better livelihood in the context of Nepal. Because the haphazard pesticide use has marred the conventional agriculture, all these contexts gesture this system to be scrutinize thoroughly and supplanted by organic farming system as a viable option towards food security and agricultural sustainability.
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Chen, Jian, Lingjun Wang i Yuanyuan Li. "Research on Niche Evaluation of Photovoltaic Agriculture in China". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, nr 22 (9.11.2022): 14702. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192214702.
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To evaluate the ecological niche of China’s photovoltaic agriculture, this paper firstly analyzed the composition of photovoltaic agriculture and constructed the ecosystem of photovoltaic agriculture. Then, we defined the concept of the ecological niche of photovoltaic agriculture, and based on this the preliminary niche evaluation index system was constructed. Further, redundant indicators in the preliminary index system were deleted based on the rough set theory, and the final niche evaluation index system was constructed. Finally, the ecological niche of photovoltaic agriculture was evaluated using the DANP method and cloud model. We found that the niche level of China’s photovoltaic agriculture is between low and medium levels. Specifically, the level of resource niche is the highest, between medium and high levels; following is policy niche, near medium level; then is environmental niche, which is at a slightly lower medium level; the last three in turn are technology niche, social niche and economic niche. The technology should fully realize the synergistic effect of photovoltaic power generation and agricultural production, and the policy should play better environmental, social and economic functions on this basis to achieve a higher niche level of China’s photovoltaic agriculture.
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Shalaby, Tarek, Yousry Bayoumi, Yahya Eid, Heba Elbasiouny, Fathy Elbehiry, József Prokisch, Hassan El-Ramady i Wanting Ling. "Can Nanofertilizers Mitigate Multiple Environmental Stresses for Higher Crop Productivity?" Sustainability 14, nr 6 (16.03.2022): 3480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14063480.
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The global food production for the worldwide population mainly depends on the huge contributions of the agricultural sector. The cultivated crops of foods need various elements or nutrients to complete their growth, and these are indirectly consumed by humans. During this production, several environmental constraints or stresses may cause losses in the global agricultural production. These obstacles may include abiotic and biotic stresses, which have already been studied in both individual and combined cases. However, there are very few studies on multiple stresses. On the basis of the myriad benefits of nanotechnology in agriculture, nanofertilizers (or nanonutrients) have become promising tools for agricultural sustainability. Nanofertilizers are also the proper solution to overcoming the environmental and health problems that can result from conventional fertilizers. The role of nanofertilizers has increased, especially under different environmental stresses, which can include individual, combined, and multiple stresses. The stresses are most commonly the result of nature; however, studies are still needed on the different stress levels. Nanofertilizers can play a crucial role in supporting cultivated plants under stress and in improving the plant yield, both quantitatively and qualitatively. Similar to other biological issues, many open-ended questions still require further investigation: Is the right time and era for nanofertilizers in agriculture? Will the nanofertilizers be the dominant source of nutrients in modern agriculture? Are nanofertilizers, and particularly biological synthesized ones, the magic solution for sustainable agriculture? What are the expected damages of multiple stresses on plants?
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HOFFMANN, ULRICH. "HOW TO TRANSFORM AGRICULTURE UNDER THE CHALLENGES OF GLOBAL WARMING: A REVIEW OF KEY DEVELOPMENT AND TRADE ISSUES". Journal of International Commerce, Economics and Policy 04, nr 03 (październik 2013): 1350013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793993313500130.
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The problems of climate change, hunger and poverty, economic, social and gender inequity, poor health and nutrition, and environmental sustainability are inter-related and need to be solved by leveraging agriculture's multi-functionality. Against this background, this paper analyzes various aspects of the fundamental transformation of agricultural production methods and systems required for dealing with the serious challenges that arise from global warming. It also discusses the trade-offs to be made in enhancing the mitigation and adaptation potential of agriculture as part and parcel of a pro-poor development approach in agriculture, which will also have to include a modification of international trade rules.
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Domingo, Nina G. G., Srinidhi Balasubramanian, Sumil K. Thakrar, Michael A. Clark, Peter J. Adams, Julian D. Marshall, Nicholas Z. Muller i in. "Air quality–related health damages of food". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, nr 20 (10.05.2021): e2013637118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2013637118.
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Agriculture is a major contributor to air pollution, the largest environmental risk factor for mortality in the United States and worldwide. It is largely unknown, however, how individual foods or entire diets affect human health via poor air quality. We show how food production negatively impacts human health by increasing atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and we identify ways to reduce these negative impacts of agriculture. We quantify the air quality–related health damages attributable to 95 agricultural commodities and 67 final food products, which encompass >99% of agricultural production in the United States. Agricultural production in the United States results in 17,900 annual air quality–related deaths, 15,900 of which are from food production. Of those, 80% are attributable to animal-based foods, both directly from animal production and indirectly from growing animal feed. On-farm interventions can reduce PM2.5-related mortality by 50%, including improved livestock waste management and fertilizer application practices that reduce emissions of ammonia, a secondary PM2.5 precursor, and improved crop and animal production practices that reduce primary PM2.5 emissions from tillage, field burning, livestock dust, and machinery. Dietary shifts toward more plant-based foods that maintain protein intake and other nutritional needs could reduce agricultural air quality–related mortality by 68 to 83%. In sum, improved livestock and fertilization practices, and dietary shifts could greatly decrease the health impacts of agriculture caused by its contribution to reduced air quality.
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Suvorov, Nicolae, i Alina Mădălina Stancu. "Climate-Smart Approach for Sustainable Agriculture". International Journal of Sustainable Economies Management 10, nr 2 (kwiecień 2021): 46–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsem.2021040104.
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The 21st century comes with a great challenge in terms of sustainable agriculture and food security, which is also a worldwide debated issue due to problems such as population growth, degradation of natural resources including loss of biodiversity and considerable soil degradation, and last but not least, climate change. In fact, climate change poses the greatest threat to agricultural systems and the health of ecosystems and natural balance. The green revolution comes as a lifesaver for the environment, streamlining the allocation of natural resources but at the same time involves huge costs in term of money, time, and labor. Due to the intensive use of fossil fuels, chemical treatments in agriculture, and animal husbandry, environmental problems such as climate change tend to become more pronounced resulting in negative environmental externalities globally. A smart approach to sustainable agriculture is to reinvent and innovate traditional agricultural practices in order to identify ways and possibilities to reduce the risks related to the use of pesticides in close connection with the health of ecosystems.
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Yang, Taifeng, Xuetao Huang, Yue Wang, Houjian Li i Lili Guo. "Dynamic Linkages among Climate Change, Mechanization and Agricultural Carbon Emissions in Rural China". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, nr 21 (4.11.2022): 14508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114508.
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Climate change has become a major environmental issue facing all countries, having a significant effect on all aspects of agricultural production, such as the agricultural mechanization process and fertilizer use. Greenhouse gases produced by agricultural machinery and fertilizers during agricultural production are an important cause of climate change. On the basis of the above facts, researching the connection between agricultural mechanization, climate change, and agricultural carbon emissions is crucial for the development of low-carbon agriculture and for addressing climate change. We used a variety of econometric models and methods to analyze data from China’s multiple provinces (cities) covering the years 2000 through 2019, in order to meet the research objectives. Furthermore, we utilized rainfall and sunlight as variables to assess climate change and adopted Granger tests to establish the link between rainfall, sunlight, agricultural mechanization, and carbon emissions in farming. The findings indicate a bidirectional causality relationship between rainfall, sunlight, agricultural mechanization, and carbon emissions in farming. Rainfall and sunlight are Granger causes of agricultural mechanization. Furthermore, agricultural mechanization has favorable effects on carbon emissions of agriculture, and climate change has long-term implications on agricultural mechanization and carbon emissions of agriculture. Finally, this paper investigated the green path suitable for the low-carbon development of Chinese agriculture, arguing that the government should formulate low-carbon agricultural policies by region and actively promote the upgrading of agricultural machinery.
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Fathallah, Fadi. "Agriculture". Work 49, nr 1 (2014): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-141920.
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Crampton, Andrea, i Angela T. Ragusa. "Perceived agricultural runoff impact on drinking water". Journal of Water and Health 12, nr 3 (25.03.2014): 484–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2014.212.
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Agricultural runoff into surface water is a problem in Australia, as it is in arguably all agriculturally active countries. While farm practices and resource management measures are employed to reduce downstream effects, they are often either technically insufficient or practically unsustainable. Therefore, consumers may still be exposed to agrichemicals whenever they turn on the tap. For rural residents surrounded by agriculture, the link between agriculture and water quality is easy to make and thus informed decisions about water consumption are possible. Urban residents, however, are removed from agricultural activity and indeed drinking water sources. Urban and rural residents were interviewed to identify perceptions of agriculture's impact on drinking water. Rural residents thought agriculture could impact their water quality and, in many cases, actively avoided it, often preferring tank to surface water sources. Urban residents generally did not perceive agriculture to pose health risks to their drinking water. Although there are more agricultural contaminants recognised in the latest Australian Drinking Water Guidelines than previously, we argue this is insufficient to enhance consumer protection. Health authorities may better serve the public by improving their proactivity and providing communities and water utilities with the capacity to effectively monitor and address agricultural runoff.
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Qiqi, Chen, Wang Jinghua i Su Yufeng. "Theoretical Basis and Level Evaluation of Tobacco Planting and Green Agriculture: a Case Study in Henan Province, China". Tobacco Regulatory Science 7, nr 5 (30.09.2021): 2777–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.5.1.47.
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Objectives: As an important and traditional cash crop, tobacco plays an important role in promoting economic development. With the attention of the government, scholars and people from all walks of life to environmental protection, modern agriculture needs to be transformed. Under the current multiple pressures of resources, market, economy and other factors, how to find a high-efficiency, product safety, resource saving, environment-friendly agricultural modernization road is very important for the development of modern agriculture. Of course, tobacco planting is no exception. In view of this, this paper took China’ s Henan Province as an example to study its agricultural green development level and influenced factors from two angles at home and abroad. The results were showed as follows. Firstly, the green development of agriculture in Henan Province was still at the lower middle level in China. Secondly, there were some problems in the green development of agriculture in China’ s Henan Province. Finally, the green development of agriculture in Henan Province needs to promote the construction of laws and regulations and supervision system, increase the investment in agricultural human capital, accelerate the innovation of agricultural green science and technology, optimize industrial development and strengthen infrastructure construction according to local conditions. Further, based on the development experience of green agriculture, on the one hand, it can provide a good green agricultural production environment for the development of tobacco industry. On the other hand, it is conducive to inspire and promote the transformation and development of all links of tobacco planting, threshing and redrying, cigarette manufacturing, monopoly circulation and retail circulation, highlighting the characteristics of greening, technology, economy, health and safety.
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Wang, Dianshuang. "Manufacturing and agricultural pollution, private mitigation and wage inequality in the presence of pollution externalities". Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 65, No. 2 (27.02.2019): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/79/2018-agricecon.
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The paper incorporates manufacturing and agricultural pollution into a three-sector general equilibrium model with pollution externalities both on agricultural production and labour health. Manufacturing generates pollution that affects agricultural production and health, while agriculture employs the pollutant as a factor for production that only affects health. Under the framework, this paper investigates the impacts of environmental protection policies and a rise in the self-mitigation cost of skilled and unskilled labour on wage inequality. A larger environmental tax expands wage gap if partial elasticity of substitution between labour and dirty input in the urban unskilled sector is small enough. More restrictive agricultural pollutants control narrows down the wage gap. The impact of an increase in the self-mitigation cost of skilled labour on wage inequality is ambiguous, depending on the factors substitution in agriculture and the elasticity of manufacturing pollution on agricultural production, while a larger self-mitigation cost of unskilled labour brings down the wage gap.
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Wang, Li, Jinyang Tang, Mengqian Tang, Mengying Su i Lili Guo. "Scale of Operation, Financial Support, and Agricultural Green Total Factor Productivity: Evidence from China". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, nr 15 (25.07.2022): 9043. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159043.
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Large-scale agricultural operations number among the ways to promote the green development of the agricultural sector, which can not only encourage farmers to adopt green innovative technology, reduce the input of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and achieve environmental protection, but it also enables production with a high efficiency through an economy of scale and an improvement in farmers’ income. Based on the agricultural panel data of 30 provincial administrative regions in China from 2000 to 2019, the panel autoregressive distribution lag model was used to explore the dynamic relationship between a business’ scale, financial support, and agricultural green total factor productivity (AGTFP). The empirical outcomes indicate that there is a significant cross-sectional dependence, cointegration relationship, and long-run relationship between the scale of agricultural operations, financial support for agriculture, and AGTFP. Strengthening the intensity of financial support for agriculture is not conducive to improving AGTFP. On the contrary, increasing the scale of agricultural operations could promote AGTFP. In addition, the panel Granger causality test results indicate that financial support for agriculture has a unidirectional causal relationship with the scale of agricultural operations and AGTFP. The impulse response results demonstrate that reducing part of the financial support for agriculture or increasing the scale of operation can promote AGTFP. These conclusions have a long-term practical significance for agricultural departments and decision-making regarding financial distribution.