Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Africa – Juvenile fiction”

The Bildungsroman has been extensively studied in the West, bit scholarly works on it in Africa are very few. This could be attributed to the fact that these narratives are sometimes treated as juvenile fiction because of the preponderance of growing-up children in them. I therefore examine how third generation Nigerian female writers subvert and alter the form in an African context to articulate the fact that growth as a universal human experience differs according to contexts and the space where it is negotiated. The paper concentrates mainly on Adichie’s Purple Hibiscus, but I shall make passing remarks on Azuah’s Sky-High Flames and Atta’s Everything Good Will Come, not specifically for the purpose of intertextuality, but to demonstrate how these novels belong to the same tradition. From the plot structure and analysis of texts it becomes clear that the traditional western Bildungsroman has been domesticated within a postcolonial context to appraise narrative of growth. They offer a model of resistance to women’s oppression. The Nigerian variant of the Bildungsroman articulated in these novels portrays the struggle for individuation and the negotiations of feminine subjectivity, while concurrently depicting the plight of women in a society plagued by the debilitating forces of patriarchy, and alternatives to the plight.

Jarrow, Gail. Bubonic Panic: When Plague Invaded America. Calkins Creek, 2015.If public health seems like it would be one of those topics that would send you to sleep, then Bubonic Plague: When Plague Invaded America by Gail Jarrow will change your mind. This is the final book in her trilogy about Deadly Diseases for middle grades and higher.Jarrow is fairly succinct in presenting the history, transmission, and trajectory of various waves of plague around the world. She briefly charts its first appearance in 541 in Turkey, then vividly describes the second wave that started in 1346 and at its most virulent was named the Black Death, killing millions in Europe and parts of Asia and North Africa. The majority of the book focuses on the third wave, when it reached North America.The third pandemic began in the mid-1800s when China became ground zero for this next wave, which spread to Hong Kong by 1894. Hong Kong was a busy port town and trade and travel on steamships allowed for rapid dispersion of the disease. Researchers from a number of countries sought feverishly to identify the source of the epidemic and learn how it was spread. By the late 1890s two of them had proven it was rat fleas. Unfortunately almost nobody believed them, which became problematic when in 1900 San Francisco saw its first deaths in Chinatown.Jarrow provides a fascinating look at the political and social climate of this period in relation to the attitudes of Americans towards Chinese immigrants and the impact quarantining San Francisco’s Chinatown would have on businesses reliant on trade and tourism. It became a complicated and fraught tug-o-war between politicians, businessmen, doctors and public health officials, fighting about whether to recognize and publicize the deaths and quarantine when the evidence seemed inconclusive as to their cause. Even after proof was offered action was surprisingly slow to follow and the disease was able to spread, although the number of deaths was comparatively low, being in the low hundreds.This well researched book also includes information about contemporary cases in the United States, ongoing research and treatments for all three strains of plague. There are extensive source notes and bibliography, a glossary, timeline, index and an author’s note explaining her keen interest in public health and the importance it had in the past,and will have when the next global pandemic hits. Also included are numerous photographs (some a little gruesome), newspaper clippings, cartoons, posters and illustrations to engage readers’ interest.This will pair perfectly with a middle grade novel, Chasing Secrets by Gennifer Choldenko, 2015 that gives a fictional account of the outbreak in San Francisco.This is a strong finish to a fascinating series that combines history, social issues, scientific research, technological developments and culture in America, showing long term implications for today’s government policies towards health.Highly Recommended: 4 out of 4 starsReviewer: Tammy FlandersTammy is the Reference Coordinator in the Doucette Library of Teaching Resources at the University of Calgary. She also reviews juvenile resources with an eye to classroom use in her blog, Apples with Many Seeds.

Dissertação de Mestrado em Estudos de Cultura, Literatura e Línguas Modernas apresentada à Faculdade de Letras
Black Lives Matter é um movimento de protesto que surgiu em 2013, despoletado pela morte de Trayvon Martin, um adolescente negro alvejado por um agente da polícia branco. O agente, George Zimmerman, foi absolvido o que suscitou o protesto da comunidade afro-americana. Este não foi o primeiro nem o último caso do uso de brutalidade policial desnecessária contra afro-americanos, uma vez que a supremacia branca e o racismo ainda estão muito presentes nos E.U.A. Muitos artistas afro-americanos começaram a usar a sua arte (música, literatura, cinema, etc.) como uma forma de protesto contra as injustas mortes de adolescentes negros. Numa longa tradição de protesto desde os tempos da escravatura, Angie Thomas, Nic Stone e Jay Coles, são três jovens escritores afro-americanos que escreveram romances infanto-juvenis que denunciam a identificação por perfil racial e a violência policial. The Hate U Give (2017), Dear Martin (2017) e Tyler Johnson Was Here (2018) são, respetivamente, os romances selecionados como exemplos do papel que a ficção infanto-juvenil pode ter como instrumento político para promover a auto-consciência, a auto-estima e a capacitação de adolescentes negros. Este objetivo exigiu uma contextualização numa experiência afro-americana mais vasta, na questão do racismo nos Estados Unidos e também na luta dos afro-americanos por um lugar no cânone literário. Com esta dissertação o meu objetivo é sensibilizar as pessoas para a violência contra os negros existente nos Estados Unidos da América.
Black Lives Matter is a protest movement that began in 2013 triggered by the shooting of Trayvon Martin, an unarmed black teenager who was murdered by a white police officer. The police officer, George Zimmerman, was acquitted from his crimes which raised the protest within the African-American community. This was neither the first nor the last case of unnecessary police brutality against African-Americans since white supremacy and racism are still very present in the U.S.A. Many African-American artists started using their art (music, literature, cinema, etc.) as a form of protest against the unjust deaths of black teenagers. Following a long tradition of protest since slavery times, Angie Thomas, Nic Stone and Jay Coles, three young African-American writers wrote Young Adult novels as a way of denouncing racial profiling and state violence and raising social awareness among young people (black and white). The Hate U Give (2017), Dear Martin (2017) and Tyler Johnson Was Here (2018) are, respectively, the novels I selected as examples of the role YAF may have as a political tool for African-American teenagers' self-awareness, self-esteem and empowerment. This demanded a contextualization in a larger African-American experience, American racism and the struggle of African Americans to conquer a space in the American literary canon that was majorly white. With this dissertation my aim is to raise awareness to the ongoing violence against black people in the United States of America.

A shared interest in the practice of colonization as a form of predation and capture provides a surprising link between Edward Gibbon Wakefield’s writings about systematic colonization and Charlotte Brontë’s whimsical juvenile writings. Both present their ideas in fictional form, and their colonies as imaginative constructs. Wakefield’s theory, which was influential in shaping British colonial policy, involved transporting working-class families to Australia to establish a labour force within new settlements. To reinforce the difference between his scheme and that of chattel slavery, he emphasized the freedom of his workers. Yet his scheme entailed significant restraints of their personal liberties: their freedom of movement, association, and right to own property, as well as the requirement to marry and have children. Similar preoccupations are evident in an earlier episode in Wakefield’s biography, in which he kidnapped a young woman in order to marry her for her family’s wealth and prestige. Brontë, who was roughly the same age as Wakefield’s young victim, explores these themes explicitly in her own teenage accounts of a colony in Africa, Glass Town. Co-authored with her siblings, this intricate saga of conquest and settlement by a group of European explorers presents a juvenile commentary on contemporary colonial practices. It reveals the coercive violence within the colony, as well as the submerged erotic elements within it. It also shows the ways this same violence underpins fictional narratives, especially the marriage plots that Brontë develops in her mature works.