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1
Fournier, Marc Alan. "Agency and communion as fundamental dimensions of social adaptation and emotional adjustment". Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38485.
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It has been argued that agency and communion define the fundamental dimensions of human existence. Agency represents strivings for expansion and elevation that surface as efforts to pursue social dominance. Communion represents strivings for contact and congregation that surface as efforts to preserve social bonds. From an evolutionary perspective, agency and communion define the problems of group living to which our ancestors were historically required to adapt. From a dyadic-interactional perspective, agency and communion organize the domain of behavior that individuals in contemporary societies are presently able to demonstrate. The purpose of this research was to explore the agentic and communal dimensions underlying social adaptation and emotional adjustment; this objective was pursued through the use of event-contingent recording procedures that require respondents to report upon their behavior in significant social interactions over extended time intervals. I first propose that emotional adjustment is optimized through mitigation processes that balance the expression of agency and communion in everyday behavior. Findings indicated that a balance within agency and within communion---achieved through moderate levels of agentic and communal expression---predicted optimal emotional adjustment. I then propose that the dark aspects of agency and communion---the human propensities to quarrel and submit---are equally relevant to social adaptation. In this regard, I argue that these propensities represent social rank strategies through which individuals grapple with and defend themselves against feelings of threat and inferiority. Consistent with an evolutionary perspective upon social competition, individuals tended to quarrel when threatened by subordinates and to submit when threatened by superiors. Consistent with an evolutionary perspective upon defeat and depression, individuals who typically felt more inferior tended to quarrel more frequently with subordina
2
Lau, Wai-yin Vanessa. "Psychosocial adjustment of people with epilepsy". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29727236.
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Macrodimitris, Sophia D. "Coping, control, and adjustment in type 2 diabetes". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ39211.pdf.
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Smerek, Alison. "Attachment, trauma, and adjustment to university". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6274.
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Late-adolescents face the challenges of leaving their families and creating lives of their own. Research has focussed on factors affecting their adjustment as they make this transition. Attachment theory is a useful model for understanding this process of adjustment, as moving away from home has been likened to a naturally occurring adolescent-equivalent of the Strange Situation that is used to measure security and style of attachment in infants. First year university students compose a large population of late-adolescents who recently left home, and attachment theory has been used as a basis for understanding the process of adjustment to university. The security of students' attachments to their parents impacts upon their adjustment in several domains. This research has not been linked to the growing literature on adult attachment styles. History of exposure to trauma has been linked to attachment style and to psychological adjustment in undergraduate students, but has not been linked directly to the process of adjustment to university. In the current study, the impacts on adjustment to university of security of attachment to parents, adult attachment style, and history of exposure to trauma were examined using path-analytic models. It was proposed that relationships between security of attachment to parents and adjustment to university would be entirely mediated by adult attachment style. It was also proposed that trauma and its negative after effects would have both direct impacts on adjustment to university, and indirect impacts through attachment style. The results did not support adult attachment style as a strong mediator of the relationship between security of attachment to parents and adjustment to university. Security of attachment style did predict self-perceived academic and social adjustment. Security of attachment style at the beginning of the year was a more important predictor than security of attachment style later in the year. Having a more preoccupied attachment style was linked to conformity motives for drinking. Trauma and its negative after effects had strong impacts on self-perceived emotional adjustment, also impacted significantly upon academic and social adjustment, and was related to drinking to cope with negative affect. The impact of trauma on adjustment in all domains was stronger later in the year than at the beginning of the year. The results are discussed in terms of implications for attachment theory, for the process of adjustment to university, and for the facilitation of adjustment among insecure and previously traumatized students.
5
Woodhouse, Lorna. "Psychosocial aspects of adjustment to limb loss". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335459.
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Nel, Janet. "Survivors' adjustment process to suicide in the nuclear family". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52473.
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Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Suicide is currently one of the leading causes of death in many countries, and is still stigmatized to some extent in some cultures. As bereavement by suicide is a very difficult loss to adjust to, this study aims at creating a better understanding of the adjustment process that survivors of suicide have to go through. The study focuses on the impact of this kind of bereavement on family members and other people touched by the loss of someone to suicide. The needs of the bereaved have to be researched so that a suitable intervention programme can be developed to lessen the severity of the aftermath for survivors of suicide. Supportive aftercare (postvention) may also help prevent further tragedies following in the wake of suicide. The severity and stigma of suicide often contribute to the isolation of nuclear family members in their grief at a time when societal support would have been most helpful. Suicide touches the lives of people of all ages. Some may have special needs such as parents who lose a child to suicide or children whose parent has committed suicide. Better knowledge and understanding of the experiences of these survivors may guide caregivers to assist them with their bereavement and adjustment process as well as assist them in acquiring the necessary coping skills to work through the guilt, fears, anger, regrets and sorrow associated with their tragic loss. A review of the relevant literature is presented with pertinent hypotheses to inform further research to develop a suitable intervention programme for survivors of suicide in the nuclear family. A questionnaire is also presented that may guide interviewing of people affected by suicide in the family.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Selfmoord lS tans een van die leidende oorsake van sterfte in baie lande van die wereld. Die verlies van 'n geliefde aan selfmoord is baie moeilik om te verwerk, en hierdie studie beoog om beter begrip vir hierdie proses te bewerkstellig. Daardeur kan die samelewing meer bewus word van die impak van selfmoord op die naasbestaandes van iemand wat as gevolg van selfrnoord gesterf het. Die spesifieke behoeftes van die treurendes moet nagevors word sodat toepaslike intervensieprograrnme uitgewerk kan word, wat kan bydra om die impak van selfmoord op naasbestaandes to help versag. Ondersteuning aan naasbestaandes na selfmoord kan die voorkoms van verdere tragedies in die gesin help voorkom. Die geweldige impak asook die stigma van selfmoord van 'n gesinslid dra dikwels by tot isolasie van die kemgesin tydens hul routydperk,juis terwyl hulle dit die nodigste het. Selfrnoord raak mense van aile ouderdomme, elk met hul eiesoortige behoeftes, soos ouers wie se kind selfmoord gepleeg het of kinders van wie 'n ouer gesterf het as gevolg van selfmoord. Beter kennis en begrip van die ervarings van naasbestaandes kan hulpverleners lei om bedroefdes te help met hul rouproses en aanpassing, asook hulle bystaan om die nodige hanteringsvaardighede te verwerf sodat hulle die samehangende skuldgevoelens, vrese, woe de, berou en verdriet kan verwerk. 'n Oorsig van die toepaslike literatuur word aangebied met pertinente hipoteses om verdere navorsing toe te lig in die ontwikkeling van 'n toepaslike intervensieprogram vir naasbestaandes na selfmoord in die kemgesin. 'n Vraelys word aangebied wat onderhoudvoering met naasbestaandes kan lei.
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Johnson, Sharon Ann. "The Relationships among Coping, Control, and Adjustment to Cancer". PDXScholar, 1996. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5280.
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This study proposed that a major function of coping is to regain perceptions of control that are threatened by the cancer experience and that perceived control mediates the relationship between coping and adjustment. Participants were 258 cancer patients, 61 % women and 39% men, aged 29 to 93 years. A variety of cancer sites were represented with breast and prostate cancer the most prevalent. Patterns of coping, perceived control in four areas (symptom-emotion, relationship, medical care, and disease control), and emotional adjustment were measured. It was expected that a sixth pattern of coping, problem-focused, would emerge when additional problem-focused items were added to the Ways of Coping-Cancer inventory. However, the expected problem-focused pattern was not distinct from the seek and use social support pattern. It was suggested that seeking and using social support may be a problem-focused strategy when dealing with relationships that are altered by the cancer experience. The study provided some support for the notion that symptom-emotion control has a greater influence than disease control on emotional adjustment as measured by the bipolar Profile of Mood States. However, all four areas of perceived control made substantial contributions to emotional adjustment. The findings only partially supported the proposed model in which perceived control mediated the relationship between coping and adjustment. All five patterns of coping influenced perceived control, and perceived control was strongly associated with emotional adjustment. The cognitive escape-avoidant pattern of coping exerted an indirect (mediated) influence on emotional adjustment through perceived control. The behavioral escape-avoidant and focus on the positive patterns exerted both indirect and direct influences on emotional adjustment. While social support and distancing coping patterns were not predictive of emotional adjustment, they did predict perceived control. It was suggested that efforts to bolster cancer patients' emotional adjustment should focus on both teaching positive coping strategies and on efforts to increase perceptions of control.
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Bustos, Gastón Luis. "Social support, risk, and adjustment of immigrant preadolescents". FIU Digital Commons, 2002. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1999.
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The current study was designed to explore the salience of social support, immigrant status, and risk in middle childhood and early adolescence across two time periods as indicated by measures of school adjustment and well-being. Participants included 691 children of public elementary schools in grades 4 and 6 who were interviewed in 1997 (Time 1) and reinterviewed two years later (Time 2); 539 were U.S.-born, and 152 were foreign-born.
Repeated measures multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVA's) were conducted to assess the effects of immigrant status and risk on total support, well-being, and school adjustment from Time 1 to Time 2. Follow-up analyses, including Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc tests, were used to test the significance of the differences among the means of support categories (low and high), immigrant status (U.S. born and non-U.S. born), risk (low and high) and time (time 1 and time 2).
Results showed that immigrant participants in the high risk group reported significantly lower levels of support than their peers. Further, children of low risk at Time 2 indicated the highest levels of support. Second, immigrant preadolescents, preadolescents who reported low levels of social support, and preadolescents of the high risk reported lower levels of emotional well-being. There was also an interaction of support by risk by time, indicating that children who are at risk and had low levels of social support reported more emotional problems at Time 1. Finally, preadolescents who are at risk and preadolescents who reported lower levels of support were more likely to show school adaptation problems. Findings from this study highlight the importance of a multivariable approach to the study of support, emotional adjustment, and academic adjustment of immigrant preadolescents.
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Adams, Melissa L. "Identity and intimacy as predictors of adolescent adjustment". FIU Digital Commons, 2003. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1135.
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Stressful developmental transitions related to identity and intimacy may have significant implications for adjustment in adolescence that last into young adulthood. Social and economic barriers experienced by minority adolescents have attracted attention as significant influences on normative developmental processes and psychosocial adjustment. The primary aim of this study was to describe significant relations among identity, intimacy, and adjustment in a sample of adolescents in an alternative school who were at elevated risk for problem behaviors. A sample of 120 multi-ethnic high school students responded to five self-administered questionnaires. In addition to describing significant gender differences in identity, and internalizing problems, this study documented that measures of identity accounted for significant variance in standard measures of internalizing problems using hierarchical multiple regression. The implications of these results for future research and practice are discussed.
10
Leung, Yiu-por. "Coping strategies of cardiovascular disease patients". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19470125.
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Leung, Yun-yee. "Chinese couples' adjustment to breast cancer /". View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36403167.
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Lee, Wing-ming Mary. "Psychosocial adjustment of multiple sclerosis patients". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1987. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29653058.
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Armenth-Brothers, Francine R. "Freshmen athletes' perceptions of adjustment to intercollegiate athletics". Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/941365.
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The purposes of this study were to determine the adjustment of freshman athletes to intercollegiate athletics and to determine the validity of the Perceptions of Adjustment to Sports Questionnaire (PASQ), which was created for this research. The results of a pilot study that included 62 freshman intercollegiate athletes indicated that Rule 48 status, time of season, residence, interscholastic athletic experience, team cohesion, and revenue do not influence the adjustment of freshman athletes to intercollegiate sports (p < .05). Twelve panelists also rated the construct validity of the PASQ in a three-round Delphi study. The final version of the PASQ resulted in a 69-item, 8 sub scale instrument that measures freshman adjustment to intercollegiate athletics; however, additional research needs to be conducted to confirm its validity. Possible uses of the PASQ are to provide a foundation for counseling freshman intercollegiate athletes and to recognize freshman athletes at risk for psychiatric and physical health problems.School of Physical Education
14
Olsen, Edna Marie. "Psychosocial adjustment of adolescents with end-stage renal disease". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26892.
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The psychosocial adjustment of nine adolescents with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) was described by two standard psychologic tests; Piers-Harris Self-Concept Scale and Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control. Life Events were recorded to evaluate the effect of stress at the time of testing. The mean self-concept scores were higher (p = .009) for the ESRD adolescents than the normative sample. However, the individual's scores did not differ significantly. The Life Events were comparable to the healthy population for age. The family members were assessd on the Family Assessment Measure (FAM) to assess the influence of family functioning on adolescent psychosocial adjustment. The standardized FAM scores were comparable to a normative sample. Cluster analysis of the ESRD adolescents revealed three groups differing significantly on: self-concept, locus of control, FAM self-rating and number of years from diagnosis to dialysis. Significant differences were maintained across the family members on FAM General Scale and FAM Self-Rating Scale. The adequate psychosocial adjustment of the adolescents with ESRD is consistent with recent studies suggesting that chronically ill children and adolescents do not differ from healthy children. However, the results also suggest that within the study group, a number of individuals may be experiencing problems of adjustment.Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate
15
Yung, Yuen-man Samantha. "The role of hope, optimism, coping styles and coping flexibility in predicting well-being". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/210311.
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Murdock, Melissa E. (Melissa Erleene). "The Prediction of Adjustment in Institutionalized Juvenile Offenders". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1997. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279119/.
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Predictors of institutional adjustment for juvenile offenders were examined using a sample of 120 males in a detention facility. While demographic information failed to differentiate between well and poorly adjusted juveniles, psychological measures appeared to be more effective. Several MMPI-A clinical scales were useful predictors with the overall elevation in clinical scales being one of the strongest predictors. In addition, the Psychopathy Checklist - Clinical Version (PCL-CV) was a strong predictor of adjustment. Major ethnic differences occurred in the prediction of adjustment, with the MMPI-A and PCL-CV scales predicting infraction rates for the African American group but not Anglo American or Hispanic American groups.
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Mohamed, Nadiah. "Adjustment to university : predictors, outcomes and trajectories". Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2012. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/6556/.
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The transition to university presents students with considerable academic, social and emotional challenges. This thesis explored adjustment to university life in a UK post-1992 institution. Predictors of adjustment, patterns of adjustment over time and the effects of adjustment on student success were examined, using the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ). A preliminary study indicated that the ‘psychological strength’ variables demonstrated to be important for adjustment in international research (viz., self-esteem, self-efficacy, locus of control, social support and attachment security) also predicted adjustment in the current setting, and that emotional intelligence (EI) may also have something useful to offer as a predictor. Consequently, a follow-up study was undertaken to explore relations between adjustment to university and four disparate measures of EI. Results indicated that the self-report/trait EI measures (viz., the Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale [SEIS], the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire - Short Form [TEIQue-SF] and the Emotional Self-Efficacy Scale [ESES]) were more strongly related to university adjustment criteria than the MSCEIT ‘ability’ measure, and that the TEIQue performed substantially better than the SEIS and ESES in this regard. However, the MSCEIT was superior with respect to the prediction of incremental variance in adjustment criteria over and above personality, IQ and other competing predictors. Longitudinal investigations of the course of adjustment over the first two years of university indicated that whilst levels of overall adjustment, personal-emotional adjustment and institutional attachment were relatively stable over time, academic and social adjustment demonstrated decreasing and increasing trends respectively. Moreover the longitudinal analyses indicated that psychosocial variables measured at the start of university predict not only short-term but also long-run patterns of adjustment; the initial adjustment advantage of those who scored higher on psychosocial variables during the second month of university was maintained over the first two years. Finally, relations between SACQ-measured adjustment in month two of university, and student success (i.e., continued enrolment and academic performance) in Years 1 and 2 were assessed. Associations between adjustment and Year 1 persistence were weak, and no relations were evident between adjustment and Year 2 persistence. Some adjustment facets were weakly predictive of Year 1 and Year 2 academic success.
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Chapman, Pamela. "Adjustment effects of multi-modal program participation on Ohio incarcerated women". Connect to resource, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1234625506.
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岑雪琴 i Suet-kam Shum. "Living with thalassaemia major: the process of adjustment". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B26293195.
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Rakipi, Sefedin. "Parenting styles| Their impact on adolescent separation and college adjustment". Thesis, Capella University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3724897.
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This study examined the mediating effect of separation-individuation on the relationship between parenting style and college adjustment. This study included 150 first year college participants (Caucasian 52%, Latino/Hispanic 17.33%, African-American 7.3%, Asians 17.33%, and Other 6%) between ages 18 to 20 from New York City universities. The instruments used in this study were Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ), Dysfunctional Separation-Individuation Scale (DSIS), and Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ). Hierarchical Regression Analysis was used for predicting personal emotional adjustment using separation-individuation. PROCESS Macro procedure for SPSS was used to test the hypotheses of this study. The results of this study show a few important and significant findings. First, it was found that maternal authoritarian parenting style was significantly predictive of problems in separation individuation. Secondly, it was found that separation-individuation was predictive of both personal-emotional college adjustment and social college adjustment. It should be noted, however, that problems in separation individuation were predictive of improved social adjustment, contrary to expectations, while it was negatively predictive of personal-emotional college adjustment. Finally, two mediation models were tested that showed that separation individuation mediated the relationship between maternal authoritarian parenting style and two aspects of college adjustment, personal emotional and social adjustment. The strengths and limitations as well as their significance are discussed.
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Hood, Ronald R. "Graduate school and marital adjustment : attributions of students and spouses". Virtual Press, 1990. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/762987.
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Graduate student couples were surveyed to determine what effects their sex, graduate status, or level of marital satisfaction had on their attributions of stability, controllability, and locus of causality. There were 242 participants. Of the total, 93 couples returned questionnaires. An additional 56 individuals returned questionnaires without their spouses. The Dyadic Adjustment Scale was utilized to determine each participant's level of marital satisfaction, and the Causal Dimension Scale was used to measure their attributions about their marital satisfaction. Two research designs were developed to organize the data for analysis. The first ANOVA focused on couple dyads, while the second included all participants who returned questionnaires.In the analysis for design one, there was no support for the first hypothesis which stated that graduate students compared to non-graduate students will differ in the type of attributions they report. Support was found, however, for the second hypothesis which stated that satisfied and dissatisfied couples will differ in the type of attributions they report. Partial support was also discovered for the third hypothesis which stated that husbands will differ from wives in the locus of causality, stability, and controllability of their attributions. A significant effect was found for only the attributions of stability and controllability. There was no effect found for locus of causality. Husbands whose wives were satisfied reported more stable and more controllable attributions for their satisfaction than did husbands who were dissatisfied regardless of their wives' level of satisfaction. Wives who were satisfied and married to satisfied husbands along with dissatisfied wives married to satisfied husbands reported more controllable attributions than did wives who were married to dissatisfied husbands. Also, wives who were satisfied and married to either satisfied or dissatisfied husbands made more stable attributions than dissatisfied wives married to dissatisfied husbands.In design two, an ANOVA was conducted to investigate the following hypotheses: (4) Males will vary from females in locus, stability, and controllability attributions; (5) Satisfied and dissatisfied spouses will differ in locus, stability, and controllability attributions; and (6) Graduate students as compared to non-graduate students will differ in locus, stability, and controllability attributions.No support was obtained for the fourth hypothesis. Results did confirm, however, the fifth hypothesis. Satisfied individuals made more stable, controllable, and internal attributions about their marital satisfaction than did dissatisfied individuals. Also, partial support was found for the sixth hypothesis but only for the attribution of locus of causality. Male graduate students as compared to female graduate students made more internal attributions. Additionally, male non-graduate students made more internal attributions as compared to female graduate students.All of these results are discussed in relation to previous research on marital satisfaction and causal attributions. Implications for counseling graduate student couples are also mentioned as are methodological limitations of the current project.Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
22
Hinds, Carolyn. "Psychosocial adjustment of young people with cerebral palsy". Thesis, Bangor University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307220.
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Celeste, Bobbie L. "Occupational Congruence and Psychological Adjustment among Women Clergy". The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1391616351.
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Steinwald, Hannah. "Event appraisal and coping strategies predict level of ego development". Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28533.
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Variation in developmental level was examined in a sample of 84 female and male university students. Each participant wrote a brief narrative describing the specific components of a stressful life event that elicited an attribution of threat. The identified components were assessed for level of ego functioning. In addition each participant was administered the Ways of Coping measure and the Washington University Sentence Completion Test. The results suggest that higher levels of ego functioning whether assessed by source of threat or by developmental task could be predicted by the choice of an analytical problem-oriented approach to stress management. Additionally the Event Appraisal measure has been presented as an instrument that introduces a predictive factor to level of ego development in a real-life situation. The results are discussed in light of the need to access the mechanisms that effect threat evaluations and the selection of the coping strategies that emerge as responses.
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Mabitsela, Esther Lefatane Lethabo. "Exploratory study of psychological distress as understood by Pentecostal pastors". Pretoria : [s.n.], 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02182003-082847.
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Nicholson, Cynthia Suzanne. "Childhood maltreatment, adult attachment, and emotional adjustment". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1991. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/449.
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Fourie, Arina. "Die aanpassing van die adolessent na ontslag uit die kinderhuis". Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01312006-120112.
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Wickens, Liesl. "Die verband tussen koherensie en die benutting van ondersteuningsbronne deur eerstejaarstudente". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51726.
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Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The primary aim of this research project was to determine the relationship between the way students experience family and personal coherence and the extent to which students used potential sources of support. A secondary aim was to determine the relationship between the way the students and their parents experience the type of coping strategies used by the family during crisis situations. A Biographical questionnaire, Use of Resources Questionnaire, Orientation to Life Questionnaire (OLQ), Family Sense of Coherence Scale (FSOC) and the Family Crisis Oriented Personal Evaluation Scale (F-COPES) were completed by 145 first-year students at the University of Stellenbosch. Only the FSOC and the F-COPES scales were completed by parents. The results show that there is a significant positive relationship between the way students experience family and personal coherence and the importance of using sources of support. It was found that female students have a stronger sense of family coherence than male students. Significant differences were found between the experience of students and their parents of the type of coping strategies used by the family during crisis situations. Significant differences were found specifically between the way students and their parents experience obtaining social support, mobilising the family to get and accept help and the passive appraisal of a problem. The results of the research have important implications for the development and implementation of support groups and also social and life skills programmes at secondary and tertiary training establishments.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die hoofdoelstelling van hierdie ondersoek was om die verband te bepaal tussen studente se belewing van gesins- en persoonlike koherensie en die mate waarin studente potensiële ondersteuningsbronne benut het. 'n Sekondêre doelstelling was om die verband tussen die studente en hulouers se belewing van die tipe hanteringstrategieë wat deur die gesin tydens krisissituasies gebruik word, te bepaal. 'n Biografiese vraelys, Benutting van bronne vraelys, Lewensoriënteringsvraelys (Orientation to life Questionnaire (OLQ)), Gesinskoherensieskaal (Family Sense of Coherence Scale (FSOC)) en 'n Gesinskrisisgeoriënteerde Persoonlike Evaluasieskaal (Family Crisis Oriented Personal Evaluation Scale (F-COPES)) is voltooi deur 145 eerstejaarstudente aan die Universiteit van Stellenbosch. Slegs die FSOC en F-COPES skale is deur ouers voltooi. Die resultate dui daarop dat daar 'n beduidend positiewe verband bestaan tussen studente se belewing van gesins- en persoonlike koherensie en die belangrikheid van die benutting van ondersteuningsbronne. Daar is gevind dat vroulike studente 'n sterker belewing van gesinskoherensie as manlike studente het. Beduidende verskille is gevind tussen die studente en hulle ouers se belewing van die tipe hanteringstrategieë wat deur die gesin tydens krisissituasies gebruik word. Beduidende verskille is gevind spesifiek tussen die studente en hulle ouers se belewing van die gesin se verkryging van sosiale ondersteuning, die mobilisering van die gesin om hulp te verkry en te aanvaar, en die gesin se passiewe waardering van 'n probleem. Die navorsingsresultate het belangrike implikasies vir die ontwikkeling en implementering van ondersteuningsgroepe asook sosiale en lewensvaardigheidsprogramme aan sekondêre en tersiêre opleidingsinstansies.
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Erasmus, Petro. "The accommodation of the black grade nine learner in a traditionally white school". Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 1999. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11062006-165734.
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Mah, Deveda Lynn. "The conditions that facilitate or hinder adjustment for graduate students in counselling psychology". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31010.
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Flanagan's (1954) critical incident technique was utilized to explore what facilitates or hinders adjustment to graduate school. Twenty-two graduate students from the Department of Counselling Psychology at the University of British Columbia were recruited for this study. In interviews that were audio-taped, each individual reported events that either facilitated or hindered their adjustment to graduate school. Of 227 incidents reported from participants, nine categories were formed. Using percentage of agreement between judges in placing incidents into categories, reliability of the categories was at 94.4%.Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate
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Tompkins, Laura. "The Relationship Between Childhood Sexual Abuse and College Adjustment". Marietta College / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=marietta1162335392.
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Shum, Suet-kam. "Living with thalassaemia major the process of adjustment /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B26293195.
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Halamandaris, Kallirroy-Fereniki. "Correlates of adjustment to university life among students". Thesis, University of Stirling, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2188.
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The present thesis investigated correlates of psychosocial and academic adjustment to University life among students. Five cross-sectional and one longitudinal study were undertaken. During the first 3 studies the focus of interest was both on home and non-home students. During the latter three studies the focus shifted to first year home students only. Data was collected by means of a number of self-report questionnaires consisting mainly of a number of standardised and widely used personality, social support and wellbeing/ adjustment measures. Results indicated that: (a) prior to arrival at University, non-home students, in comparison to home students, appear to be quite well equipped for the transition, in terms of social and personality attributes; however, they appear to lack substantial information regarding life in Scotland and academic standards of the host University, which might adversely affect their ability to cope with eventual academic demands; (b) Cultural Distance appears to affect non-home students' psychosocial adjustment during the early stage of the transition; (c) Non-home students experience not only the problems that home students report but also a number of additional difficulties which are closely related to cultural differences; (d) Correlates of Homesickness appear to differ for home and non-home students; (e) Personality (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Self-esteem, Social Inhibition and perceived Social Competence) and Dysfunctional Attitudes strongly influence the development of new satisfactory social networks, and the eventual psychosocial adjustment to University life; (f) Perceived Social Support is a significant predictor of psychosocial adjustment; (g) Academic performance does not appear to be related to any personality, social support or psychosocial adjustment variables; (h) Personality (Neuroticism, Extraversion), perceived Social Support and Loneliness appear to change significantly (in absolute terms) over the first academic year, but at the same time they remain relatively stable. Results are discussed in relation to the relevant literature, practical implications for students Counselling, and suggestions for further fruitful research.
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Haworth, Jane Emily. "Adjustment to chronic heart failure : a biopsychosocial approach". Thesis, University of Hull, 2002. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:13381.
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The prevalence of Chronic Heart Failure (CHF) is increasing and recent studies outside of the UK suggest that psychological adjustment to this disease can be poor. The present study aimed to: - 1) Determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression disorders in a UK sample. 2) Explore the validity of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) against a structured clinical interview (SCID-I). 3) Identify the predictors of depression and anxiety. 4) Identify the predictors of hospitalisation and mortality. PARTICIPANTS AND MEmODS - A postal survey of 118 patients from a specialist CHF unit in the UK was followed by a face-to-face interview with 100 patients. Measures used included those of depression, anxiety, social support, cognition, biomedical status and previous physical and mental health history. RESULTS - Prevalence rates of anxiety ranged from 18.4 - 42.3% and depression ranged from 15.3 - 37.8% dependent on the type of measure used (HADS or SCID-I). The HADS had adequate discriminatory ability. Both psychosocial and biomedical predictors of anxiety and depression were identified, although these differed depending on the scale used as the dependent variable. Associations were found between depression, anxiety and hospitalisations although these were not significantly strong to survive in the regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS - Prevalence rates of anxiety and depression are high in this population. The results were discussed according to their contribution to theory, clinical practice and future biopsychosocial research with this population.
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Valentino, Charlotte Emily. "Family adjustment after brain injury : understanding and intervening". Thesis, University of Hull, 2014. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:10895.
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This portfolio is made up of three sections: Part one is a systematic literature review, in which the empirical literature relating to family-based interventions after brain injury –delivered both face-to-face by therapists and utilising new telehealth delivery methods –is reviewed and critically contrasted. It aims to explore the effectiveness of these delivery methods. Part two is an empirical paper exploring the shared relationship of mothers and non-injured siblings of young adults who have incurred severe traumatic brain injury. This was implemented using semi-structured interviews and analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, with consequent themes discussed in the context of established empirical and theoretical literature. Part three comprises the appendices, including further information for parts one and two, as well as reflective and epistemological statements.
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PFEIFFER, BRUCE E. "Omission Detection and Inferential Adjustment". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1212160169.
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Liu, Liu, i 刘柳. "A qualitative analysis of Chinese female offenders' adjustment to prison life". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47036655.
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Ng, Tsz-ting, i 吳姉庭. "Psychological adjustment of Japanese sojourner wives in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/209552.
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The adjustment of sojourning spouses appears to be critical to the adjustment of their partners in the relocation; yet adjusting to international relocation is often reported to be a challenging process. The present project comprises a systematic review of research on spouse adjustment in international relocations(Study 1) and an empirical study among a sample of 135 Japanese sojourning housewives in Hong Kong(Study 2). Study 1found that adjustment was measured differently in the past research of sojourning spouse adjustment, and multiple individual, interpersonal and situational or environmental factors have been found to be associated with the adjustment of spouse after relocation. Study 2found that personal coping style was associated with psychological adjustment, while a coping style that focuses on problem solving, along with marital satisfaction and sociocultural interaction, emerged as significant predictors of satisfaction with life. Homemaking stressors were found to be negatively associated with psychological adjustment, and a significant interaction effect with marital satisfaction is found. Dyadic trust was found to contribute significantly to psychological well-being, and its effect was fully mediated by marital satisfaction. Overall speaking, existing models of spousal adjustment in expatriation seem to apply to the Japanese population studied.published_or_final_version
Clinical Psychology
Master
Master of Social Sciences
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Rousseau, Glenna S. Correia Christopher J. "The reinforcing value of alcohol in a drinking to cope paradigm". Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/FALL/Psychology/Dissertation/Rousseau_Glenna_45.pdf.
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Waford, Rachel. "An Assessment of School Adjustment in Head Start Children". TopSCHOLAR®, 2006. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/980.
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The purpose of the current study was to pilot test measures of cognitive-linguistic achievement and socioemotional competence to create an all encompassing model of school adjustment in a sample of Head Start children (N = 36). Past research examining school adjustment in low-income children has failed to address all of the components of school adjustment while often employing the same reporter (the teacher) for both predictor and outcome measures. Cognitive-linguistic measures included four subtests from the Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Achievement and two assessments of phonological awareness (rhyming and alliteration). Emotion regulation measures included teacherreported emotionality and emotion regulation, parent-reported emotionality and emotion regulation, and an assessment of how children spend their time waiting during a delay of gratification task. Social functioning measures included student-teacher relationship quality, teacher-reported social competence and behavior problems, and a sociometric interview that provided information about peer relationships in the classroom. Results revealed significant differences between children who have friendships and are well-liked and those who do not have these positive peer relationships. Teacher-reported emotion regulation predicted the presence of positive peer interactions. In turn, the presence of prosocial peer interactions was highly related to socioemotional outcomes and highly predictive of cognitive indices of school adjustment.
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Lefebvre, Monique. "Instrumentality, expressivity, and dyadic adjustment: Gender-specific mediation processes". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/4381.
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Although Instrumentality and Expressivity scores have been shown to be powerful intrapersonal predictors of reported relationship satisfaction and adjustment, conceptual models exploring the mechanisms by which Instrumentality (I) and Expressivity (E) influence intimate relationships are few. The results presented in this thesis are derived from two studies, each using survey research methods and the little-used Bem Sex Role Inventory Short-Form (BSRI-SF). Study 1 (N = 75 couples) examined several statistical and methodological issues in using the short form BSRI in couples research. Study 2 (N = 119 couples) provided a preliminary evaluation of a model in which it was proposed that the relations among Instrumentality (I), Expressivity (E), and relationship adjustment are mediated in part by interpersonal processes related to couple conflict resolution (CR) and maintenance and enhancement of intimacy (MEI). A number of gender-specific findings were obtained. The proposed model was supported using a path analytic approach comparing the direct model of IE with the mediator model. Specifically, variance in men's reported levels of dyadic adjustment covaried with their own levels of Instrumentality, Expressivity, and self-reported intimacy and conflict behaviour. Variance in women's reported levels of dyadic adjustment covaried in a complex fashion with their own and their partners' scores. Across couple-related variables (DAS, CR, and MEI), results generally supported a main effects model (i.e., significant statistical prediction from Instrumentality scores and/or Expressivity scores), but not an interactional model (Instrumentality times Expressivity). Results indicated that use of the BSRI-SF's nonconfounded Instrumentality and Expressivity subscales can be valuable in model testing in couples research. It is suggested that the short-form provides ease of interpretation compared to the controversial long-form BSRI. Gilligan's theory of gender-specific developmental tasks is proposed as a framework for understanding the gender-specific correlational patterns which emerged.
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Burgess, Kim B. "Self-schemas and behavioural adjustment of socially withdrawn children". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/10093.
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Evidence from research and clinical work supports the notion that social relationships play a crucial role in many areas of psychological development. Social withdrawal constitutes a form of social maladjustment in childhood, and consequently, may have important implications for short-term and long-term prognoses. A recent longitudinal study points to the possibility that these children are at risk for internalizing disorders, such as anxiety and depression. Yet it is unclear which psychological variables account for the possible relationship between social withdrawal and internalizing disorders. Numerous theorists and investigators have shown that cognitive factors may be central to the development of psychopathology. The present study hypothesizes that maladaptive information processing and internalizing problems may be associated with social withdrawal. A multi-group comparison therefore examined children's self-schemas, as measured by self-perceptions and recall of positive and negative descriptors, and evaluated their behavioural/emotional functioning. The complete sample consisted of 132 sixth and seventh grade children recruited from five elementary schools in the Ottawa-Carleton region. After being identified by peer nominations in Phase 1, a between-group design was utilized in Phase 2 to compare 40 withdrawn children, 51 average children, and 41 aggressive children. Multivariate analysis of variance was conducted to assess group differences in current status with regard to self-perceptions, recall memory of descriptors, and behavioural adjustment. As predicted, socially withdrawn children had less positive self-perceptions, more negative self-perceptions, and significantly higher internalizing scores than did average and aggressive children. No significant differences emerged, however, with respect to the recall of positive and negative descriptors. Implications of the present findings and directions for future research are discussed.
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Meltzer, Janet R. "Psychological adjustment in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis /". The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148758564557603.
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Gregory, Jason. "The Relationship Between Freshman College Student Satisfaction and College Adjustment". TopSCHOLAR®, 1999. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/779.
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In this study, I explored the relationship between freshman college student satisfaction and college adjustment. Using the College Student Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSSQ) and the College Adjustment Scale (CAS), the "Interpersonal Problems" subscale was found to be moderately predictive of college student satisfaction. No other subscales were predictive. Contrary to expectation, grade point average (GPA) was not a significant factor. Some gender differences were found. Suggestions for program implementation were suggested.
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Caverly, Sarah. "Friendship Patterns and School Adjustment in the Mixed-Age Context". TopSCHOLAR®, 1997. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/770.
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While friendship patterns and the relationship between friendship status and school adjustment have been studied in same-age classrooms, little is known about friendship patterns and the contribution of friendship status to school adjustment in mixed-age classrooms. The purposes of the present study were to investigate friendship patterns in a large sample of mixed-age (ungraded) primary classrooms and to examine the contribution of friendship status to school adjustment in a smaller subsample of ungraded primary children. Peer acceptance level and age relative to classmates both had a significant impact on the number of reciprocated friends children had, and on the relative age of their friends. High-accepted and relatively old children had more reciprocated friends than did less accepted and relatively young children. Also, high-accepted children had more relatively old, and intermediate age friends than did than average- and low-accepted children, and average-accepted children had more friends at all relative ages than did low-accepted children. Children who were older in relative age had more friends who were also older in relative age than did children who were intermediate and young in relative age. Intermediate age children had more relatively old friends than did relatively young children. Chi square tests of independence revealed that low-accepted children had more friends who were young in relative age, and high-accepted children had more relatively old friends than expected by random pairing, and that relatively young children had more relatively young friends and relatively old children had more relatively old friends than expected by random pairing. There were some similarities in friendship patterns between the larger data sample and the school adjustment subsample. Peer acceptance influenced friendship patterns in a similar manner, however, there was no significant effect of relative age. Also, high- and average-accepted children had more friends who were young and intermediate in relative age than did relatively young children. High-accepted children also had more relatively old friends than did average and low-accepted children, and average-accepted children had more relatively old friends than did low-accepted children. Chi-square analysis revealed patterns similar to those in the larger sample; high-accepted children had more relatively old friends and low-accepted children had more relatively young friends than expected. There was no significant of relative age on the relative age of children's friends. In the school adjustment subsample, children's attitudes toward math, reading, and science were positively related to math, reading, and science achievement scores. Friendship status was significantly related to children's attitudes toward math and achievement scores. Specifically, if children had at least one friend, they had more positive attitudes toward math and higher average achievement scores. Also, females had more positive attitudes toward math, but not other subjects.
46
Cheung, Sim-Ling. "Adjustment of adolescents in divorced/separated families". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29697384.
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DeWeese, Myra Ann. "Stressors, coping strategies and marital adjustment of parents of fullterm and preterm infants in the adjustment to parenthood: a comparative study". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54516.
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The need to compare parenthood adjustment experiences for mothers and fathers of full term and preterm infants was identified. Stressors, coping strategies, and marital adjustment were variables examined. It was hypothesized that parents of preterm infants, despite gender category, would indicate experiencing greater stress and would use more emotion-focused coping strategies than parents of full term infants. Parents of full term infants were hypothesized to use more problem-focused coping strategies than parents of preterm infants. Reports of marital adjustment were expected to be different between the parent groups by infant term category, and marital satisfaction was hypothesized to remain unchanged from the time prior to conception to 0 - 3 months postpartum. A description of the investigation that includes discussion of methodological issues and suggestions for intervention is presented.Ph. D.
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Cole, Alison S. "Differential adjustment among sexual assault survivors predicting positive outcomes /". Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2008.
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Sin, Chui-shan Tammy, i 冼翠珊. "Children's adjustment to parental separation". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31977455.
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Parker, Patricia Ann. "Attributions, counterfactual thinking, and adjustment of women with breast implants /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9908498.
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