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Ezziani, Youness, Mounsif ECH-CHERIF El-Kettani, Damien Leduc, Pierre Marechal, Mathieu Ducousso i Nicolas Cuvillier. "High-resolution ultrasonic characterization of an adhesive film in an aeronautical assembly". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2904, nr 1 (1.11.2024): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2904/1/012002.
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Abstract In recent years, the increasing use of composite materials in aeronautical structures to reduce weight has led to a growing interest in non-destructive testing of adhesive joints. Such inspections aim to detect defects such as porosity or delamination and to identify detachments between the adhesive joint and the substrate. This study focuses on determining the properties of an adhesive film in aerospace assemblies involving titanium/composite materials. Specifically, it aims to precisely measure the thickness of the adhesive film and assess the adhesion quality using high-frequency, high-resolution non-destructive ultrasonic methods. The challenge lies in accurately determine the thickness and mechanical properties of the adhesive joint due to the highly contrasting impedance discontinuities in this type of structure: strong between the titanium and the adhesive, and weak between the adhesive and the composite.
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Zhang, Yu, Ye He, Jiayan Yu, Yuxin Lu, Xinhao Zhang i Lu Fang. "Fabrication and Characterization of EVA Resins as Adhesives in Plywood". Polymers 15, nr 8 (10.04.2023): 1834. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15081834.
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The practical problem of free formaldehyde pollution in the plywood industry is that polyethylene films have been shown to be able to replace some urea–formaldehyde resins for wood adhesives. To broaden the variety of thermoplastic plywood, reduce the hot-press temperature, and save energy consumption, an ethylene–vinyl acetate (EVA) film was selected as a wood adhesive to manufacture a novel wood–plastic composite plywood via hot-press and secondary press processes. The effects of the hot-press and secondary press processes at different levels on the physical–mechanical properties of EVA plywood (tensile shear strength, 24 h water absorption, and immersion peel performance) were evaluated. The results showed that the properties of the resulting plywood using the EVA film as an adhesive could meet the type III plywood standard. The optimum hot-press time was 1 min/mm, the hot-press temperature was 110–120 °C, the hot-press pressure was 1 MPa, the dosage film was 163 g/m2, the secondary press time was 5 min, the secondary press pressure was 0.5 MPa, and the secondary press temperature was 25 °C. EVA plywood can be used in indoor environments.
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Chung, Cheng-Hung, Wen-Chang Shih i Wei-Ming Chiu. "Synthesis, characterization and properties of biomass and carbon dioxide derived polyurethane reactive hot-melt adhesives". e-Polymers 19, nr 1 (26.10.2019): 535–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2019-0057.
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AbstractPolyurethane reactive hot-melt adhesives (PURHs) are frequently employed in industries; however, there is still a need to develop more sustainable and versatile methodologies to expand the functions and fabrication of these important materials. Renewable feedstock can give PURHs with new functions, and reduce environmental impact. This study focuses on synthesizing PURHs using polyols derived from biomass (plants) and greenhouse gas (CO2) resources. These PURHs were characterized by multiple techniques, including solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), a dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), single-lap adhesive joints strength of stainless steel, and hydrolytic ageing. The PURH film based on biomass poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol (bio-PTMEG) exhibited better water vapor permeability, tensile strength, and adhesive joints properties than PURHs based on cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL) polyester diol and poly(propylene carbonate)-poly(propylene glycol) (PPC-PPG) copolymer diol. The polyols blend of bio-PTMEG with biomass and CO2 based polycarbonate diols respectively provided PURHs films excellent hydrolysis resistance and adhesive strength on single-lap adhesively bonded stainless steel specimens. The work herein demonstrates that various renewable polyols can be employed in a sustainable fashion to optimize the structures and properties of PURHs for important applications.
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Yuan, Qihan, Qianqian Zhang, Xuecheng Xu, Yuqing Du, Jidong Xu, Yu Song i Yuanfei Wang. "Development and Characterization of Novel Orthodontic Adhesive Containing PCL–Gelatin–AgNPs Fibers". Journal of Functional Biomaterials 13, nr 4 (16.12.2022): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb13040303.
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Enamel demineralization around brackets is a relatively common complication of fixed orthodontic treatment, which seriously affects the aesthetics of teeth. In this study, a novel orthodontic adhesive containing polycaprolactone–gelatin–silver nanoparticles (PCL–gelatin–AgNPs) composite fibers was prepared to prevent enamel demineralization of orthodontic treatment. First, PCL–gelatin–AgNPs fibers film prepared by electrospinning was made into short fibers and added to traditional orthodontic adhesives (Transbond XT, 3M Unitek) in three different ratios to design a series of composite adhesives containing antibacterial materials. The antimicrobial performance of the control product and the three samples were then evaluated by bacterial live/dead staining, colony-forming unit (CFU) counts, tensile bond strength (TBS), and adhesive residue index (ARI) scores. The composite adhesives’ antimicrobial properties increased with the increasing content of PCL–gelatin–AgNPs short fibers. The addition of complex antimicrobial fibers to 3M Transbond XT adhesive can significantly reduce the CFU of bacterial biofilms (p < 0.05). The bacterial survival rate on the surface of the specimen decreased with the increase of PCL–gelatin–AgNPs short fibers (p < 0.05). The TBS and ARI values (n = 10) indicated that adding PCL–gelatin–AgNPs short fibers had no significant adverse effect on adhesion. Therefore, adding PCL–gelatin–AgNPs short fibers makes it possible to fabricate orthodontic adhesives with strong antibacterial properties without compromising the bonding ability, which is essential for preventing enamel demineralization around the brackets.
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Seok, Woong Cheol, Jong Tae Leem, Ju Hui Kang, Young Jun Kim, Sangkug Lee i Ho Jun Song. "Change of Characterization and Film Morphology Based on Acrylic Pressure Sensitive Adhesives by Hydrophilic Derivative Ratio". Polymers 12, nr 7 (7.07.2020): 1504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12071504.
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Hydrophilic acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) were synthesized by controlling the contents of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (EHA), isobornyl acrylate (IBOA), and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA); especially, the characteristic change of the HEA content was analyzed. Surface contact angle of acrylic PSA film decreased from 77.87° to 70.23° in the case of Acryl-2 to Acryl-8 (below HEA 10 wt %). However, the surface contact angle of Acryl-10 to Acryl-40 (HEA 10 wt % to 40 wt %) increased up to 92.29°, indicating hydrophobicity. All acrylic PSA films showed high adhesive force above 1800 gf/25 mm. According to X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement, hydrophilic acrylic PSAs exhibited amorphous property and it was confirmed that the morphology of acrylic PSA film was significantly affected by the flexibility of the polymer chain and the strength of hydrogen bonding. The affinity with hydrophilic materials for acrylic PSA films was evaluated by T-type peel test, confirming that the affinity with hydrophilic materials is determined by the hydrophilicity of the acrylic PSA film. The synthesized acrylic PSA film is non-toxic regardless of the hydrophilicity.
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Qi, Jing Jing, Mao Bing Shuai, Yuan Lin Zhou i Feng Wen Chang. "Preliminary Structure Characterization of UV Curing Paint Film". Advanced Materials Research 1120-1121 (lipiec 2015): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1120-1121.49.
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PC film has some shortcomings such as low surface energy and strong rigidity. In order to improve the impact strength and adhesive properties of PC film, UV curing coating which was used on the surface of the PC film achieved good results. However, the combination between the UV curing paint-PC composite membrane had not been explained clearly. In this paper, we analyzed the structure of UV curing varnish oligomers. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) 、X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Liquid Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer (LC-MS) were used to characterize. Through the experiment, we had achieved 4, 4’ -Isopropyliden-edicyclohexanol(HBPA) and Phthalic acid . The existence of the two substances explained the reason why the lacquer had good adhesion, and the result also laid the foundation for the the characterization of the molecular structure about the film later.
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Zenner, Robert L. D., Cameron T. Murray i Carl Fisher. "Temperature Characterization in Anisotropic Conductive Film Adhesive Bonding". Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology 22, nr 14 (styczeń 2008): 1781–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156856108x320582.
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Thana, Thanit, i Karuna Tuchinda. "Study of the Effect of MoS2 and PTFE Based Coatings on Adhesive Wear of Stainless Steel". Applied Mechanics and Materials 302 (luty 2013): 216–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.302.216.
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this paper, the adhesive wear characterization of MoS2, PTFE and mixture of MoS2 and PTFE films coated on stainless steel substrate, i.e. SUS440C, have been studied. The films were deposited by dry spray techniquecommercially available domestically. The films properties which are surface hardness, film thickness, surface roughness and adhesion strength were investigated. The thickness and the surface hardness of the films were approx. 7, 6.8 and 6.2 µm and 0.1,0,8 and 0.4GPa for MoS2, PTFE and the mixture of MoS2 and PTFE, respectively.The surface roughness of MoS2, PTFEwerefound to be similar with the value of Ra of approx. 0.302-0.303 µm. The mixture of MoS2 and PTFE showed smoother surface with the surface roughness (Ra) of approx.0.260µm. The PTFE film has shown better adhesion strength with higher critical load for first failure and full delamination. However, the failure pattern observed suggested lower severity of surface damage.Theresults fromtribologicaltests between the coated SUS440C ball and the SUS304 discshowedstrong effect of the coating on adhesive wear behavior of the contacting systems.For MoS2coated surface, the coatingsurface peeled offgraduallyuntil the surface ofthe substrate was revealed. Whereas, the PTFEcoated surface had delaminated immediately once in contact resulting in plate liked wear debris.The mixture ofMoS2 andPTFE haslower thefriction coefficient compared to the individual coating. Thewearbehavior found on the mixture of MoS2 and PTFE coated surface had similar characteristic to those found on surfacecoatingwithMoS2. It also showed lower wear occurrences with better appearance due to tearing wearat the edges of the worn suggesting better load capacity of the mixed film than the individual PTFE coating.
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Mo, Guowei, Yunxian Cui, Junwei Yin i Pengfei Gao. "Development and Characterization of ZnO Piezoelectric Thin Film Sensors on GH4169 Superalloy Steel Substrate by Magnetron Sputtering". Micromachines 13, nr 3 (28.02.2022): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13030390.
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At present, piezoelectric sensors are primarily applied in health monitoring areas. They may fall off owing to the adhesive’s durability, and even damage the monitored equipment. In this paper, a piezoelectric film sensor (PFS) based on a positive piezoelectric effect (PPE) is presented and a ZnO film is deposited on a GH4169 superalloy steel (GSS) substrate using magnetron sputtering. The microstructure and micrograph of ZnO piezoelectric thin films were analyzed by an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and atomic force microscope (AFM). The results showed that the surface morphology was dense and uniform and had a good c-axis-preferred orientation. According to the test results of five piezoelectric sensors, the average value of the longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient was 1.36 pC/N, and the average value of the static calibration sensitivity was 19.77 mV/N. We selected the sensor whose parameters are closest to the average value for the dynamic test experiment and we drew the output voltage response curve of the piezoelectric film sensor under different loads. The measurement error was 4.03% when repeating the experiment six times. The research achievements reveal the excellent performance of the piezoelectric film sensor directly deposited on a GH4169 superalloy steel substrate. This method can reduce measurement error caused by the adhesive and reduce the risk of falling off caused by the aging of the adhesive, which provides a basis for the research of smart bolts and guarantees a better application in structural health monitoring (SHM).
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Kumar, Niranjan. "Electrical characterization of TSVs with varying process knobs and temporary bond/adhesive system robustness studies for 2.5D/3D manufacturing". International Symposium on Microelectronics 2013, nr 1 (1.01.2013): 000233. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2013-tp14.
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TSVs are used to carry power/ground and signals straight to the heart of the logic/memory devices where all the intricate and busy architectures lie. I consider it like the downtown area inside a city where the real estate is more expensive and requires intricate design and execution. As a result in case of the TSVs, there is no room for electrical degradation and stress interaction with transistor devices (keep out zone). The Cu protrusion, it's interaction with the intricate local interconnects (M1 and below structures), the current leakage, capacitance, reliability, become highly critical to fully achieve the power per watt advantage of the TSVs. As a result, a thorough electrical characterization of TSVs with varying film properties and the process window becomes very critical for integration with the 20nm node (and below) devices. In this paper we will discuss implementation of modified oxide liner, barrier/seed, ECD fill and CMP of films to achieve robust TSVs for electrical parameter extraction. We will closely examine the impact of these film properties on the electrical performance and its repeatability to achieve wide process windows. Such studies are expected to improve manufacturing yields of TSV product wafers at fabs/foundries. Alternately, we will present detailed metrology studies of two temporary bond method/adhesive systems as it progresses through the thin wafer downstream processes (via-reveal processes). This exercise is targeted to address productivity and yield challenges with thin wafer processing (backside via-reveal process). We will attempt to demonstrate a robust temporary bond/adhesive system that exhibits no thin wafer damage/wrinkling and no edge profile degradation issues over repeated runs (production like). This study will help to characterize the adhesive and low temperature passivation film interfaces in details to support the thin wafer processing robustness for TSV manufacturing.
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Mattei, Silvana, Luca Cozzarini i Chiara Bedon. "Experimental and Numerical Peeling Investigation on Aged Multi-Layer Anti-Shatter Safety Films (ASFs) for Structural Glass Retrofit". Symmetry 14, nr 1 (14.01.2022): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14010162.
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Anti-shatter safety films (ASFs) are often used for structural glass applications. The goal is to improve the response of monolithic elements and prevent fragments from shattering. Thus, the main reason behind their use is the possibility to upgrade safety levels against the brittle failure of glass and minimize the number of possible injuries. However, the impact response of glass elements bonded with Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-films and pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs) still represents a research topic of open discussion. Major challenges derive from material characterization and asymmetrical variability under design loads and ageing. In particular, the measurement of interface mechanical characteristics for the adhesive layer in contact with glass is a primary parameter for the ASF choice optimization. For this reason, the present paper presents an experimental campaign aimed at calibrating some basic mechanical parameters that provide the characterization of constitutive models, such as tensile properties (yielding stress and Young modulus) for PET-film and adhesive properties for PSA (energy fracture and peel force). In doing so, both tensile tests for PET-films and peeling specimens are taken into account for a commercially available ASF, given that the peeling test protocol is one of most common methods for the definition of adhesion properties. Moreover, an extensive calibration of the Finite Element (FE) model is performed in order to conduct a parametric numerical analysis of ASF bonded glass solutions. Furthermore, a Kinloch approach typically used to determine the fracture energy of a given tape by considering a variable peel angle, is also adopted to compare the outcomes of calibration analyses and FE investigations on the tested specimens. Finally, a study of the effect of multiple aspects is also presented. The results of the experimental program and the following considerations confirm the rate dependence and ageing dependence in peel tests.
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Sheeja, D., B. K. Tay, H. M. Lam i S. K. Ng. "EFFECT OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS ON THE ADHESIVE AND TRIBOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DLC COATING PREPARED ON Co-Cr-Mo ALLOY". International Journal of Modern Physics B 16, nr 06n07 (20.03.2002): 952–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021797920201066x.
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The Co-Cr-Mo alloy is extensively used for tribological applications, including orthopaedic components in total joint replacements. High quality diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings on metal/alloy substrates are of great interest as they are able to protect them from severe wear and thus prolong the life span of the component. Since the roughness of the metal/alloy varies depending on the applications, a study has been carried out to investigate the effect of substrate surface roughness on the microstructure, sliding life, wear-resistance, coefficient of friction, adhension and hardness of DLC coatings prepared on Co-Cr-Mo alloy substrates under the same deposition condition. The microstructure of the films studied using Raman spectroscopy suggests that the film prepared on a smoother surface contains slightly higher fraction of sp 3 bonded carbon atoms. The characterization using a pin-on-disk tribometer reveals that, the film prepared on the roughest sample (Ra ~ 0.06 μm) exhibits a very short life span of about 20 cycles compared to the film that is prepared on a relatively smoother surface (Ra ~ 0.02 μm), which exhibits a life span of about 340,000 cycles. In order to investigate the origin of this improved property of the DLC film on the smoother surface, adhesive strength and hardness of the films were studied by using a micro-scratch tester and a Nano-indenter, respectively. The results suggest that the film prepared on the smoother surface exhibits better adhesion (higher critical load) and relatively higher hardness.
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Václavek, Lukáš, Jan Tomaštík, Libor Nožka i Radim Čtvrtlík. "Physical Characterization of Hafnium Oxide Thin Films Annealed in Vacuum". Key Engineering Materials 784 (październik 2018): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.784.135.
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Hafnium oxide (HfO2) is a material characterized by a good mechanical, thermal and chemical stability and is used as a material in a variety of technological applications in optics and electronics. In this work the influence of annealing temperature on the mechanical structural properties of amorphous HfO2 thin film was explored. Films were deposited by electron beam evaporation and annealed in the temperature range from 200 °C to 500 °C in vacuum. Mechanical properties such as hardness and elastic modulus were determined using nanoindentation, while cohesive-adhesive properties of the film using a scratch test. Surface morphology was determined using a confocal microscope and structure using XRD. The transformation of amorphous phase of the films to the nanocrystalline monoclinic phase was observed after vacuum annealing at 500 °C. This crystallization leads to increase in hardness on one hand but also to growth of brittleness and in turn to decrease in scratch resistance on the other hand.
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Mansi, Zainab M., i Abdulla MW Al-Shamma. "Characterization of Polylysine Enriched Self-Adhesive Resin Cements". International Journal of Dentistry 2023 (16.09.2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/8839934.
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Aim. The aim of this study is to add polylysine (PLS) particles to two different types of self-adhesive resin cement (RelyXU200 and Breeze) and to characterize them before and after PLS incorporation. Materials and Methods. Four PLS concentrations (0.2%, 1%, 2%, and 5%) were selected for incorporation into two self-adhesive resin cements (RelyXU200 and Breeze), thus the groups of this study include one control group and four experimental groups for each cement type. Different characterization tests were performed including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), degree of conversion (DC), compressive strength (CS), and ISO tests 4049-2019 that include: film thickness, setting time, water sorption (WS), and solubility (SL). The statistical procedure used includes analysis of variance test (ANOVA) and multiple pairwise comparisons Tukey post hoc test which was used for multifactorial analysis. Results. FTIR showed that PLS addition did not change the functional groups’ peaks for either cement type indicating that no chemical reaction with and/or alteration within the cement has occurred. In general, PLS addition increased the water sorption, solubility, and film thickness, it also increased the setting time for Breeze while decreasing it for RelyXU200 and all these parameters were within 4049-2019 ISO Specification. Statistically, PLS addition did not significantly change these properties compared to the control groups except for 5% PLS. Similarly, the degree of conversion and compressive strength was slightly reduced with no significant difference to the control cement groups except for 5% PLS concentration. Conclusions. Newly developed PLS incorporated self-adhesive resin cement exhibited remarkable mechanical and physical properties compared to control self-adhesive resin cement and passed the ISO standardization. PLS-incorporated resin cement with less than 5% have no negative impact on the physical and mechanical properties of the studied cement.
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Saiki, H., G. Ngaile i L. Ruan. "Characterization of Adhesive Strength of Phosphate Coatings in Cold Metal Forming". Journal of Tribology 119, nr 4 (1.10.1997): 667–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2833867.
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A test method is proposed to characterize adhesive strength of phosphate coatings based on the various deformation patterns at the tool-workpiece interface. The deformation patterns were induced by tools of different surface geometrical profiles, i.e., flat surface, sinusoidal surface, saw-tooth surface and multi-surface profiles, in a localized rod drawing technique. With change in the tool geometry, three deformation regimes were observed, i.e., full film lubrication regime, mixed regime, and seizure regimes, which were categorized by the level of friction coefficient attained, and the degree of galling observed on the surface of the drawn specimens. The full film lubrication regimes were noticed when flat dies were used. In this case, the friction coefficient was maintained at nearly μ = 0.065, irrespective of the change in the surface roughness of the tools and reduction. With sinusoidal surface and other non-flat dies, mixed regime and seizure regimes were observed, and the friction coefficient varied from μ = 0.1 to 0.3. To complement the friction data, surface analysis of the tool-workpiece interface was also conducted. The frictional range of μ = 0.065 to 0.3 obtained in this study, therefore, provides for a manageable characterization of phosphate coatings for cold metal forming of objects with intricate shapes.
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Perry, Scott S., Joel W. Ager i Gabor A. Somorjai. "Combined surface characterization and tribological (friction and wear) studies of CVD diamond films". Journal of Materials Research 8, nr 10 (październik 1993): 2577–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1993.2577.
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The tribological properties of polycrystalline chemically vapor deposited (CVD) diamond films grown on silicon substrates and containing varying amounts of amorphous carbon impurities were investigated. Films were characterized by secondary electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) for surface morphology and roughness and by spatially resolved Raman spectroscopy for amorphous carbon (a-C) content. Friction measurements were performed with a Rockwell C hemispherical diamond tip in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) and in ambient air. In vacuum, the friction coefficient rises monotonically from 0.6 in a region with substantial a-C to 0.85 in a region with pure diamond. Under ambient conditions, the friction coefficient is substantially lower than that in vacuum and deceases slightly (from ∼0.19 to ∼0.16) with the decreasing a-C content. Under both vacuum and ambient conditions, the friction coefficient was observed to be independent of load over the range of 0.1–0.5 N. The friction values are discussed in terms of adhesion between the diamond tip and the film. Qualitative scratch hardness measurements were performed in UHV by measuring the minimum load at which plastic deformation occurs for a single traversal of the tip. Scratch hardness is found to increase with increasing diamond content of the films. The wear mechanism of the pure diamond regions was evaluated by examining wear tracks with SEM and AFM. The wear tracks showed evidence of spalling, buckling, and grain pull-out indicative of a cohesive mode of failure (failure at grain boundaries). A decrease in surface roughness in the wear tracks indicates asperity wear. Adhesive failure at the Si substrate interface or of a phase transformation of the diamond film was not observed in this load regime.
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Ma, Yu Ping. "Study on the Deposition and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Diamond Composite Films". Advanced Materials Research 530 (czerwiec 2012): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.530.95.
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Nanocrystalline diamond composite films were fabricated on the WC-Co substrates using a bias-enhanced hot filament CVD system. Methanol solution pretreatment method for removing the Co in surface of WC-Co substrates was put forward. The composite structure was achieved by regulating the concentration of Ar in a mixture of acetone and a hydrogen gases in different stages. The surface morphologies, nucleation density, diamond films and composition of the nanocrystalline diamond composite films were observed with different techniques. The results showed that the introduction of Ar increased the second nucleation of diamond grains which made the diamond grains finer. Nanocrystallie diamond film can be successfully grown on the microcrystalline diamond films. The two-layer structure has the advantages of good adhesive strength and low surface roughness. Because of nano effects, the hardness of composite films decreases. This is prone to be polished and reduces the work load significantly. It is of great importance for the wide application of diamond films in the precision machining fields.
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Wang, Xin Chang, Bin Shen i Fang Hong Sun. "Deposition and Characterization of Boron-Doped HFCVD Diamond Films on Ti, SiC, Si and Ta Substrates". Applied Mechanics and Materials 217-219 (listopad 2012): 1062–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.217-219.1062.
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In the present investigation, titanium (Ti), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon (Si) and tantalum (Ta) samples with the same geometry are selected as substrates to deposite HFCVD boron-doped diamond films with the same deposition parameters, using trimethyl borate as the dopant. FESEM, EDS, Raman spectroscopy and Rockwell hardness tester are used to characterize as-deposited boron-doped diamond (BDD) films. The FESEM micrographs exhibit that the film deposited on Si substrate presents the best uniformity and that on Ti substrate has smallest grain size and film thickness, with titanium element detected in the EDS spectra. Moreover, it’s speculated by indentation test that the adhesive strength between the BDD films and different substrates can be order as SiC>Ta>Ti for the different thermal expansion coefficient gaps between the substrate and diamond, and the hardness of the BDD coated samples measured using Rockwell hardness tester can also be order as SiC>Ta>Ti due to the different hardness of substrate materials. Finally, similar and representative characterization for BDD films is obtained from the Raman spectra for all the BDD films on different substrates.
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Jin, Fuguo, Guoqing Liu, Qiguang Shi, Tiancheng Li i Chen Yang. "Preparation and characterization of water-based adhesive and its application in radiation-cooling coatings". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2713, nr 1 (1.02.2024): 012080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2713/1/012080.
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Abstract In order to prepare environmentally friendly coatings with radiative cooling performance in the middle and low-temperature domain (below 150°C), this paper first prepared a water-based adhesive. The preparation and test methods and results are as follows. The siloxane-coated cadmium telluride composite particles were prepared, and the surface layer was modified by amination with silicone coupling agent KH550. The modified composite particles were used to crosslink waterborne polyurethane to prepare waterborne adhesive and waterborne radiation coating. The composite particles and their modified aqueous emulsion film were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, TEM, TGA, and universal tester. Besides that, three kinds of water-based adhesives with different cadmium telluride content were prepared into radiation-cooling coatings and coated on steel plates. The temperature was raised to 70°C together with the uncoated steel plates, and then the temperature was lowered naturally. The cooling time of 4 steel plates to 30°C was recorded. The results show that the composite particles are microspheres, uniform in size and narrow in distribution. The radiation coatings prepared with three kinds of binders have good cooling and radiation performance, and the cooling performance increases with the increase of cadmium telluride content in the coating.
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Tantavisut, Saran, Boonrat Lohwongwatana, Atchara Khamkongkaeo, Suparat Bootchai, Pairat Tangpornprasert, Aree Tanavalee i Pibul Ittiravivong. "Characterization and Quick Screening Methodology of Novel Alloys for Biomedical Applications Using Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Arc Deposited Thin Film". Solid State Phenomena 283 (wrzesień 2018): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.283.78.
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Ti-based amorphous alloys containing no harmful elements are desired. However, many Ti-based amorphous alloys contain toxic elements such as Al, Ni, V and Be. The presence of toxic elements within amorphous alloys is a concern when they are intended for use as a biomaterial. This problem has steered many researchers toward the development of Ti-based amorphous alloys without toxic elements. Our novel amorphous alloys were developed based on this principle. A series of Ti44Zr10Pd10Cu6+xCo23-xTa7 (x = 0, 4, 8) amorphous alloys were developed for biomedical application. A series of protocol tests were performed to check for biocompatibility and potential use of the novel alloys in humans. First, alloy ingots were alloyed by induction melting and then cast into copper molds. The cast rod was then used as the plasma cathode in a filtered cathodic vacuum arc deposition chamber to coat the 25-nm amorphous alloy thin film on the cover glass slides. These coated cover glass slides were then examined for biocompatibility. Cell proliferation and cell differentiation were investigated using Methylthiazol Tetrazolium assay test and by alkaline phosphatase assay on osteoblast like cells (SaOS-2), respectively. Field emission scanning electron microscopy was performed to evaluate the thin film surface characteristics. The thickness of thin film was analyzed using a Stylus profilometer. An adhesion scratch test was administered to evaluate the thin film adhesive strength and indirect hardness comparison. Electron Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry was performed to study the elemental composition. Lastly, a medical grade Ti-6Al-4V alloy was studied in parallel as a control material. Results indicated that all investigated Ti-based amorphous alloys were non-cytotoxic and were comparable to the Ti-6AL-4V. They also demonstrated an ability to support differentiation of osteoblast like cells. The adhesion and the hardness of the thin films on the substrates were superior to that of Ti-6Al-4V. The results suggested that the novel alloys in this study could be potentially utilized in biomedical applications.
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Ding, Xiuping, i Jose M. Moran-Mirabal. "Efficient Multi-Material Structured Thin Film Transfer to Elastomers for Stretchable Electronic Devices". Micromachines 13, nr 2 (20.02.2022): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13020334.
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Stretchable electronic devices must conform to curved surfaces and display highly reproducible and predictable performance over a range of mechanical deformations. Mechanical resilience in stretchable devices arises from the inherent robustness and stretchability of each component, as well as from good adhesive contact between functional and structural components. In this work, we combine bench-top thin film structuring with solvent assisted lift-off transfer to produce flexible and stretchable multi-material thin film devices. Patterned wrinkled thin films made of gold (Au), silicon dioxide (SiO2), or indium tin oxide (ITO) were produced through thermal shrinking of pre-stressed polystyrene (PS) substrates. The wrinkled films were then transferred from the PS to poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) substrates through covalent bonding and solvent-assisted dissolution of the PS. Using this approach, different materials and hybrid structures could be lifted off simultaneously from the PS, simplifying the fabrication of multi-material stretchable thin film devices. As proof-of-concept, we used this structuring and transfer method to fabricate flexible and stretchable thin film heaters. Their characterization at a variety of applied voltages and under cyclic tensile strain showed highly reproducible heating performance. We anticipate this fabrication method can aid in the development of flexible and stretchable electronic devices.
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LEE, HAK-JOO, JAE-HYUN KIM, KIHO CHO, JAE-YOON KANG, CHANG-WOOK BAEK, JONG-MAN KIM i SUNG-HOON CHOA. "SYMMETRIC AFM CANTILEVER FOR MECHANICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF Mo THIN FILM". International Journal of Modern Physics B 20, nr 25n27 (30.10.2006): 3781–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979206040362.
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We have developed a novel method and device for measuring the mechanical properties of micro/nano structures. An atomic force microscope (AFM) was employed to sense applied force and displacement and a new AFM cantilever which overcame the critical problems associated with conventional AFM cantilever systems was fabricated using single crystal silicon (110). The symmetrically designed cantilever removed lateral motion of the probe during indentation and strip bending tests. Strip bending tests on fixed-fixed molybdenum ( Mo ) strips 1 μm in thickness using the assembled cantilever in AFM system showed that consistent load-displacement curves can be obtained. The effect of adhesive energy on mechanical tests in micro/nano-scale was revealed.
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Ganem-Quintanar, Adriana, Marlene Silva-Álvarez, Rocío Álvarez-Román, Norma Casas-Alancaster, Jennyfer Cázares-Delgadillo i David Quintanar-Guerrero. "Design and Evaluation of a Self-Adhesive Naproxen-Loaded Film Prepared from a Nanoparticle Dispersion". Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 6, nr 9 (1.09.2006): 3235–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2006.475.
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Naproxen-loaded nanoparticles were used to prepare, in a one-step process, unilaminar films of Eudragit E-100 (EE-100), avoiding the use of organic solvents and assuring the homogeneity and molecular dispersion of the drug. Nanoparticle films (NP-F) and conventional films (CV-F, prepared by casting of methanolic solutions onto a Teflon disc) were assayed by their mechanical properties, skin adhesivity, and calorimetric studies to compare their behavior. Different proportions of plasticizer (triacetin) were included to evaluate the quality of the films. Film characterization included in vitro drug release studies through a cellulose membrane using Franz-type cells, and in vivo stratum corneum penetration experiments by the tape stripping technique. The results showed that NP-F were semi-transparent to transparent, suggesting a good compatibility between naproxen and EE-100. Differential calorimetric studies (DSC) confirmed a molecular dispersion of naproxen in the EE-100 matrix. Taking into account the mechanical properties of the films, a 20% triacetin concentration can be considered as optimal for both types of films. The in vitro release data obtained from both systems (NP-F and CV-F) followed the Higuchi's model for matrix systems, with the Fickian diffusion (t0.5) being the main release mechanism. Concerning the in vivo penetration studies, no statistical differences were found for the penetrated amount of naproxen across the stratum corneum and the depth of penetration for the two films and between the three contact times (2, 4, and 6 h). The films formulated from nanoparticle dispersions (NP-F) were shown to be effective for the transdermal administration of naproxen, and can be considered as an interesting alternative for the preparation of films with several technological advantages.
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Cole, J. I., D. O' Brien, M. Qian i R. M. Fisher. "Characterization of Adhesive-Primer Penetration into Porous Oxides Formed on Anodized Aluminum Using Energy Electron Loss Spectroscopy (Eels)". Microscopy and Microanalysis 3, S2 (sierpień 1997): 777–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600010771.
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The purpose of this investigation is to evaluate the effects that relatively minor changes in phosphoric acid anodizing (PAA) parameters (voltage, temperature, time) have on oxide morphology and the subsequent penetration of an applied adhesive-primer into the porous oxide. This preliminary study examines two cases, one in which industry-standard PAA parameters have been followed, and a second in which the PAA parameters are slightly above industry limits.Baseline PAA parameters have been developed in the aerospace industry from extensive empirical testing in order to maximize adhesive bond strength and durability in the presence aggressive environments. It has been noted that for effective mechanical strength of structurally bonded elements, penetration of the adhesive primer into the porous oxide formed by an anodizing pre-treatment is critical. Verifying primer penetration is somewhat problematic due to the high spatial resolution required to both structurally and chemically characterize an oxide film on the order of one micron in thickness.
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Dowding, Colin, Robert Dowding, Jonathan Griffiths i Jonathan Lawrence. "Peel resistance characterization of localized polymer film bonding via thin film adhesive thermally activated by scanned CO2 laser". Optics & Laser Technology 48 (czerwiec 2013): 358–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2012.11.009.
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Han, Ye, Xin Wen Li, Zhen Guo Liu i Hui Xuan Zhang. "Synthesis and Characterization of Silicone-Modified Butyl Acrylate-Methyl Methacrylate Copolymer Latex". Advanced Materials Research 314-316 (sierpień 2011): 292–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.314-316.292.
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Silicone-modified butyl acrylate-methyl methacrylate copolymer latex was prepared via semi-continuous emulsion polymerization. Octamethyl cyclotetrasiloxane (D4) was used to link acrylate and potassium persulfate was used as initiator (KPS). Effect of D4 content on polymerization of acrylate and properties of latex film were discussed in details. The results showed that the properties of acrylate could be improved by the introduction of D4. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that the freeze resistance of copolymer was effectively improved. In addition, effect of D4 content on adhesive strength of copolymer was also investigated.
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Zhong, Ye Sheng, Li Ping Shi, Ming Wei Li, Jia Yu, Jian Han Liang, Ming Bo Sun i Xiao Dong He. "Preparation and Characterization Composite Ceramic Coating Doped with ZrO2 Particles on TC4 by MAO". Advanced Materials Research 941-944 (czerwiec 2014): 1593–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.941-944.1593.
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A numerical study using finite element analysis (FEA) was performed to investigate the thermal, shear and radial stresses developed in MAO coating on substrate of TC4 under thermal cycle loading. The four-node quadrilateral thermal solid element PLANE55 and four-node quadrilateral structural solid element PLANE42 with axisymmetric option was used to model the temperature distribution and thermal stress field of the MAO coating on TC4 substrates. The thermal stress, radial stress and shear stress along the thickness in film/substrate system are analyzed systematically under different thermal cycle loading. It is found that the thermal stress of MAO coating exhibits a linear relationship with thickness of substrate, but it exhibit a parabolic relationship with the thickness of the coating. The radial stress and shear stress distribution of the coating–substrate combination are also calculated. It is observed that high tensile shear stress of MAO coating on TC4 substrate reduces its adhesive strength but high-compressive shear stress improves its adhesive strength.
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Fang, Lu, Jian Zeng, Xiaomei Liao, Yuanyuan Zou i Jialing Shen. "Tensile Shear Strength and Microscopic Characterization of Veneer Bonding Interface with Polyethylene Film as Adhesive". Science of Advanced Materials 11, nr 9 (1.09.2019): 1223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2019.3576.
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Hajizamani, Elham, Omid Moini Jazani i Hossein Riazi. "Design and characterization of a novel supported epoxy film adhesive reinforced by Ti3C2Tx MXene nanoparticles". Materials Chemistry and Physics 308 (październik 2023): 128270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2023.128270.
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Yoo, Dohyuk, Jae-Hyun Ahn i Nae Gyu Kang. "Design and Characterization of Non-Erosive Polymeric Tooth-Whitening Compositions". Applied Sciences 13, nr 6 (14.03.2023): 3698. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13063698.
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We investigated the physical properties and tooth-whitening effect of polymeric tooth-whitening compositions based on orally acceptable polymers, polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), ethyl cellulose (EC), and polyvinyl pyrrolidone. The tooth-whitening composition was prepared with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a tooth-bleaching agent and an orally acceptable polymer through simple mixing and stirring in ethyl alcohol. PVAc and EC polymers showed non-erosive features and sustainable polymeric matrices in a similar oral environment. In particular, non-erosive PVAc polymer exhibited excellent adhesive and flexible film matrix on bovine teeth. PVAc-H2O2 tooth-whitening composition presented a residual H2O2 and an overall color change value (ΔE*) of 26.5% and 16.54%, respectively. The non-erosive polymeric composition is expected to improve tooth-whitening efficacy in various oral products.
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Wu, Yi Bo, Guo You Liu, Hong Wang i Gui Fu Ding. "A Novel Patternable Electrophoretic Polymer Coating for Sidewall Packaging in Microelectronic Devices". Advanced Materials Research 658 (styczeń 2013): 134–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.658.134.
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This paper presents a novel patternable electrophoretic polymer (EPP) coating technology for sidewall package in microelectronic devices. The main features of this EPP film are directly patterned via through-mask electrophoretic deposition. The proposed EPP coating has some overwhelming merits against other coating polymers, such as self-patterning via through-mask deposition, good adhesive performance, selective coating, low cost and compatible with IC process. The focus is on the process, patterning, properties characterization and application of this novel electrophoretic polymer. The main applications can be aimed for electrical/thermal isolations or sidewall packaging in semiconductor device package.
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Fukuzawa, Miki, Takeshi Watanabe, Sho Kuromatsu i Shinji Koh. "Fabrication and Characterization of Electrochromic Devices Utilizing CVD Graphene". ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, nr 67 (22.11.2024): 4559. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02674559mtgabs.
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Electrochromism is a function whereby the optical properties of materials change reversibly and persistently through electrochemical redox reactions driven by small electrical energy. Electrochromic devices are used in a wide range of applications including smart windows for buildings and aircraft, displays, electronic paper, and so on. The advantages of electrochromic devices include the ability to be manufactured at low cost and compatibility with non-planar and flexible surfaces. Electrochromic devices typically have a multilayer structure comprising transparent conductive electrodes, electrochromic film, ion-conducting layer, and ion-storage film. Since electrochromic devices in their uncolored state need to be transparent, the fabrication of flexible electrochromic devices requires flexible transparent conductive films as well as flexible and transparent ion-conducting layers. In this study, we aim to fabricate flexible film-type electrochromic devices using graphene films as transparent conductive electrodes. Fig. 1 illustrates the schematic images of the fabricated electrochromic devices. The electrochromic devices consist of two graphene films grown using chemical vapor deposition. Prussian blue (PB), the electrochromic material, and silver nanoparticles, which act as the ion-storage material, were electrodeposited onto each graphene film, respectively. A PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) porous membrane, soaked in a KCl solution as an electrolyte, was sandwiched between the two graphene electrodes to serve as a separator and ion-conducting layer. The PVDF membrane exhibits a white color due to its porous structure. Therefore, by adjusting the refractive index of the KCl solution to match that of PVDF, a transparent and flexible ion-conducting layer was formed. The graphene films were grown on copper foils by the CVD method and were then transferred onto a PET substrate using thermal press bonding with PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) as the adhesive layer. Subsequently, copper was etched using an ammonium persulfate aqueous solution. A gold contact electrode was formed on the edge of the graphene surface by vacuum evaporation. PB was electrodeposited on one of the graphene electrode surfaces by applying a constant current of −20 μA/cm2 for 5 min in an electrolyte solution containing K3[Fe(CN)6] (5 mM), FeCl3 (5 mM), KCl (0.1 M), and HCl (0.1 M). Silver was electrodeposited on other graphene electrode surfaces by applying a constant current of −100 μA/cm2 for 5 min in an electrolyte solution containing NaNO3 (0.1 M) and AgNO3 (1 mM). The mixture of water (nd=1.333) and glycerol (nd=1.473) solution containing 0.1 M KCl was utilized to make PVDF films transparent by matching the refractive index of the electrolyte solution with that of the PVDF. By preparing the electrolyte with a water-to-glycerol ratio of 4:6, resulting in a refractive index of 1.42 for PVDF, the transmittance of PVDF immersed in this electrolyte reached almost 100%. Using this electrolyte, the EC characteristics of the film-type EC device were evaluated by Cyclic voltammetry (CV). CV curves obtained using PB/graphene as a working electrode vs Ag/graphene as a counter electrode are presented in Fig. 2, showing oxidation peaks at 0.5 V and reduction peaks at −0.2 V. It was confirmed that Prussian blue undergoes decolorization during reduction and coloration during oxidation, enabling reversible color changes between blue and transparent. Therefore, this demonstrates that the transparent and flexible PVDF layer functions as the ion-conductive layer even in the presence of 60% glycerol in the electrolyte and that the conductivity of graphene films is maintained even with a stacking structure, indicating their potential as flexible light-dimming devices. These results reveal that it was possible to fabricate flexible electrochromic devices using graphene. We believe that this work will promote further efforts to develop new multifunctional electrochromic devices that can be attached to existing glass materials such as window glass and eyeglasses to add a dimming function afterward. Figure 1
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Pagano, Cinzia, Debora Puglia, Francesca Luzi, Alessandro Di Michele, Stefania Scuota, Sara Primavilla, Maria Rachele Ceccarini i in. "Development and Characterization of Xanthan Gum and Alginate Based Bioadhesive Film for Pycnogenol Topical Use in Wound Treatment". Pharmaceutics 13, nr 3 (3.03.2021): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13030324.
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Pycnogenol (PYC) is a concentrate of phenolic compounds derived from French maritime pine; its biological activity as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial suggests its use in the treatment of open wounds. A bioadhesive film, loaded with PYC, was prepared by casting, starting with a combination of two biopolymer acqueous solutions: xanthan gum (1% wt/wt) and sodium alginate (1.5% wt/wt), in a 2.5/7.5 (wt/wt) ratio. In both solutions, glycerol (10% wt/wt) was added as plasticizing agent. The film resulted in an adhesive capable to absorb a simulated wound fluid (~ 65% wt/wt within 1 h), therefore suitable for exuding wounds. The mechanical characterization showed that the film is deformable (elastic modulus E = 3.070 ± 0.044 MPa), suggesting adaptability to any type of surface and resistance to mechanical solicitations. PYC is released within 24 h by a sustained mechanism, achieving a maximum concentration of ~ 0.2 mg/mL, that is safe for keratinocytes, as shown by cytotoxicity studies. A concentration of 0.015 mg/mL is reached in the first 5 min after application, at which point PYC stimulates keratinocyte growth. These preliminary results suggest the use of PYC in formulations designed for topical use.
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Liu, Z. J., X. Zhong, H. Liu, I. L. Tsai, U. Donatus i G. E. Thompson. "Characterization of anodic oxide film growth on Ti6Al4V in NaTESi electrolyte with associated adhesive bonding behaviour". Electrochimica Acta 182 (listopad 2015): 482–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2015.09.089.
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Gaifami, Carlo Maria, Stefano Zanini, Luca Zoia i Claudia Riccardi. "Plasma Enhanced-Chemical Vapor Deposition of 2-Isopropenyl-2-Oxazoline to Promote the Adhesion between a Polyethylene Terephthalate Monofilament and the Rubber in a Tire". Coatings 11, nr 6 (12.06.2021): 708. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11060708.
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A Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition was chosen in order to deposit an organic thin film on polyethylene terephthalate monofilament to increase its adhesion with the rubber compound in a tire. The aim of the work is to find an alternative “green” method to the classical chemical dipping with Resorcinol Formaldehyde Latex: plasma treatments are environmentally friendly and easy to use. 2-isoprepenyl-2-oxazoline (2-iox) was employed as precursor and the treatments were performed in a vacuum system, both in a continuous regime and a pulsed regime. Initially, the coatings were deposited on polyethylene terephthalate sheets to study the wettability (by the measurement of contact angle) and the thickness (by profilometer) of the plasma polymer. The chemical characterization was investigated by Infrared and X-ray Photoelectron spectroscopies. Finally, the adhesion of the polyethylene terephthalate sheets was measured by Peel Test, using the coating as adhesive and as a pre-dip. The measurement of the peel force made it possible to optimize the plasma parameters that were applied on the monofilament. The adhesion was estimated by the measure of the extraction force and the evaluation of the coverage compared with those of the classical chemical treatment Resorcinol Formaldehyde Latex.
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Shibata, Takayuki, Kazuhiro Maruno, Moeto Nagai, Takahiro Kawashima, Takashi Mineta i Eiji Makino. "Fabrication and Characterization of AFM Probe Integrated with High-Aspect-Ratio Diamond Tip". Key Engineering Materials 523-524 (listopad 2012): 569–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.523-524.569.
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In order to realize a smart nano-machining and measurement system based on atomic force microscope (AFM), we have been developing diamond probes with a high-aspect-ratio, sharpened diamond tip. In this paper, we described the most important micromachining techniques for the fabrication of the diamond probes. The high-aspect-ratio diamond microstructures were successfully fabricated by employing our proposed two-step reactive ion etching (RIE) processes. A novel bonding technique of diamond to Si at wafer level was also developed by using an inorganic-organic hybrid sol-gel film (MeSiO3/2) as an adhesive layer to prepare a diamond/SOI wafer as the starting material. Moreover, we demonstrated the applicability of a fabricated diamond probe not only to AFM measurements but also to a tool for nanomachining.
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Zhang, Xiao Feng, Long Zhang i Zhen Yi Huang. "Characterization of Ni-Based Alloy Submicron WS2/CaF2 Composite Coatings Deposited by High Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF) Spray Process". Advanced Materials Research 881-883 (styczeń 2014): 1407–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.881-883.1407.
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Ni-based alloy submicron WS2/CaF2 composite coatings were successfully produced through high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spraying process. Microstructure characterization and morphology analysis on coatings were conducted using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry. Tribological properties of coatings were carried out using a pin-on-ring tribometer at room temperature and 500°C, respectively. Results showed that WS2 in particles did not entirely decomposed during spraying process, submicron WS2 and CaF2 were uniformly distributed throughout the coating. Which lead a dense coating and a lower friction coefficient and better wear resistance. In ambient temperature, WS2 in coatings played a main role of lubrication, friction coefficient of coatings was in the rage of 0.25~0.35. But with the increasing of temperature, WS2 failed to provide solid lubricating films for pyrolysis, and CaF2 did not fully transfer from brittleness to plasticity, restrained solid lubricating film forming, friction coefficient reached to 0.45. Furthermore, average adhesive strength between coating/substrate was above 30MPa, which had positive affect on wear resistance of coatings.
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Huesgen, Till, Gabriel Lenk, Björn Albrecht, Paul Vulto, Thomas Lemke i Peter Woias. "Optimization and characterization of wafer-level adhesive bonding with patterned dry-film photoresist for 3D MEMS integration". Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 162, nr 1 (lipiec 2010): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2010.06.008.
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Sinani, Taulant, Dmytro Solonenko i Goran Miskovic. "Assessment of AF4 Parylene Cohesion/Adhesion on Si and SiO2 Substrates by Means of Pull-Off Energy". Coatings 13, nr 2 (19.01.2023): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13020237.
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Advanced packaging solutions require insulation and passivation materials with exceptional properties which can also fulfill the reliability needs of electronics devices such as MEMS, sensors or power modules. Since bonding (cohesive/adhesive) properties of packaging coatings are very important for reliable functioning of electronics devices, the bonding of aliphatic fluorinate-4 (AF4) parylene coatings was assessed in this work. As there is a lack of data regarding its bonding towards different substrates, pull-off tests of 1.6 and 2.5 µm thick AF4 coatings on silicon (Si) and glass (SiO2) substrates were performed. These showed a clear difference in the pull-off F/s curves between the AF4 coatings on Si and SiO2 substrates. This difference is parameterized by the pull-off energy, which will be presented in this work. To further understand the origin of the distinction in the pull-off energies between the AF4-Si and AF4-SiO2 samples and subsequently the cohesive/adhesive properties, mechanical and structural characterization was conducted on the AF4 coatings, where a clear difference in the E-modulus and crystallinity was observed. The Si and SiO2 wafers were shown to facilitate the CVD growth of the AF4 film distinctively, which likely relates to the divergent thermal properties of the substrates. Understanding of the cohesive/adhesive properties of AF4 coatings on different substrate materials advances the usage of the AF4 in electronics packaging technologies.
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Puri, Vinam, Riya Savla, Kevin Chen, Keyaara Robinson, Amitkumar Virani i Bozena Michniak-Kohn. "Antifungal Nail Lacquer for Enhanced Transungual Delivery of Econazole Nitrate". Pharmaceutics 14, nr 10 (16.10.2022): 2204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14102204.
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The fungal disease of the nail, onychomycosis, which is also the most prevalent nail disturbance, demands effective topical treatment options considering the possible adverse effects of systemic antifungal therapy. The current work is focused on development of an adhesive and resistant, drug-delivering and permeation-enhancing polymeric film containing econazole nitrate (ECN) for topical antifungal treatment. The development of the lacquer formulation was guided by the Quality by Design approach to achieve the critical quality attributes needed to obtain the product of desired quality. Eudragit RSPO at 10% w/w was found to be the ideal adhesive polymer for the application and an optimal permeation-enhancing lacquer formulation was achieved by the optimization of other formulation excipients, such as plasticizer and the solvent system. Additionally, novel experimental enhancements introduced to the research included refined D50 drying time and drying rate tests for lacquer characterization as well as a multi-mechanism permeation-enhancing pre-treatment. Moreover, a practical implication was provided by a handwashing simulation designed to test the performance of the lacquer during actual use. In vitro drug release testing and ex vivo nail permeation testing demonstrated that the optimized nail lacquer performed better than control lacquer lacking the permeation enhancer by achieving a faster and sustained delivery of ECN. It can be concluded that this is a promising drug delivery system for topical antifungal treatment of onychomycotic nails, and the novel characterization techniques may be adapted for similar formulations in the future.
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Bhernama, Bhayu Gita. "Karakterisasi Selulosa dan Selulosa Asetat dari Limbah Cangkang Biji Pala (Myristica Fragransi) Aceh Selatan". Jurnal Riset Kimia 14, nr 1 (24.03.2023): 81–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jrk.v14i1.579.
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Nutmeg seed shell waste contains 21.34% cellulose, 12.93% lignin, 53.67% crude fiber, 6.16% ash, 0.11% phenol, and 0.38% carbonyl. The content of cellulose and lignin in the nutmeg shell waste is quite large, so it can be used as something of value. Cellulose can be synthesized into cellulose acetate. The use of cellulose acetate is very diverse, such as in the film industry, biodegradable plastics, paper coatings, metals, and glass, as an adhesive for topographic films as the main raw material in membrane synthesis processes. Therefore, it is necessary to characterize cellulose and cellulose acetate from nutmeg shell waste (Myristica fragrance) in South Aceh. The method used is in the form of cellulose isolation using the soxhletation process, then bleaching and hydrolysis processes are carried out, then it is synthesized into cellulose acetate. Characterization of cellulose by determining % yield, cellulose content, ash content, moisture content, FTIR, XRD. Characterization of cellulose acetate by determining the acetyl content and FTIR. The characterization results obtained ash content of 3.04%, moisture content of 15.55%, yield of 35.36% and 5.29% cellulose content. XRD characterization obtained a diffractogram peak at an angle of 2θ = 22.2111o, a crystallinity of 96% and a crystal size of 0.5292 nm. Characterization of the functional groups of cellulose in the form of stretching O-H, C-H and C-O groups which are at wave numbers 3331.04 cm-1, 2871.29 cm-1 and 1024.96 cm-1. Functional groups of cellulose acetate in the form of O-H, C=O, acetyl C-O, bent C-H and C-O groups are at wave numbers 3348.82 cm-1, 1719.61 cm-1, 1227.23 cm-1, 1369.50 cm-1 and 1028.62. The acetyl content is 39.18% and the degree of substitution is 2.65%.
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Carrino, Stefano, Francesco Nicassio i Gennaro Scarselli. "Nonlinearities Associated with Impaired Sensors in a Typical SHM Experimental Set-Up". Electronics 7, nr 11 (6.11.2018): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics7110303.
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Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) gives a diagnosis of a structure assessing the structural integrity and predicting the residual life through appropriate data processing and interpretation. A structure must remain in the design domain, although it can be subjected to normal aging due to usage, action of the environment, and accidental events. SHM involves the integration of electronic devices in the inspected structure that sometimes are Piezoelectric Transducers (PZT). These are lightweight and small and can be produced in different geometries. They are used both in guided wave-based and electromechanical impedance-based methods. The PZT bonding requires essential steps such as preparation of the surfaces, application of the adhesive, and assembly that make the bonding process not so easy to be realised. Furthermore, adhesives are susceptible to environmental degradation. Transducer debonding or non-uniform distributed glue underneath the sensor causes the reduction of the performance and can affect the reliability of the SHM system. In this paper, a sensor diagnostic method for the monitoring of the PZT operational status is proposed in order to detect bonding defect/damage between a PZT patch and a host structure. The authors propose a method based on the nonlinear behaviour of the contact PZT/structure that allows the identification of the damaged PZT and the geometrical characterization of the debonding. The feasibility of the diagnostic procedure is demonstrated by numerical studies and experiments, where disbonds were created by inhibiting the adhesive action on a part of the interface through Teflon film. The proposed method can be used to evaluate the sensor functionality after an extreme loading event or over a long period of service time.
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Wang, Na, Xinhui Wang, Jinyan Lang, Zhenhua Hu i Heng Zhang. "Synthesis and Characterization of Hyperbranched and Organosilicone Modified Waterborne Polyurethane Acrylates Photosensitive Resin". Polymers 13, nr 13 (22.06.2021): 2039. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13132039.
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A new type of waterborne polyurethane acrylate was synthesized for use as a UV curing coating. The N,N-dihydroxy methyl ethyl-3-Methyl aminopropanoate monomer was first prepared via adding reactions of methyl acrylate and diethanol amine with methyl alcohol as the solvent. Then, the hyperbranched prepolymer was obtained by addition of trimethylolpropane with toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst and N,N-dimethyl formamide as solvent. The resulting hyperbranched and organosilicone modified waterborne polyurethane acrylates was synthesized through the mixed reaction of prepolymer and Hydroxy silicone oil, polyethylene glycol-1000, toluene diisocynate, dimethylolpropionic acid, 1,2-propylene glycol, hydroxyethyl acrylate, and triethylamine with dibutyltin dilaurate as the catalyst. The molecular structures were characterized by FT-IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy and GPC analysis and the thermal stability was studied by using TGA. Moreover, the influence of contemodnt of hydroxyl silicone oil, dimethylolpropionic acid, polyethylene glycol-1000, and prepolymer to various of properties such as glossiness, hardness, adhesive force, abrasion resistance, water absorption, elongation at break and tensile strength of films were analyzed. The temperature and catalyst dosage impact on percent conversion of isocyanate group (–NCO) were also studied. It was proven that the best dosage of hydroxyl silicone oil and dimethylolpropionic acid were 4.6%, the dosage of polyethylene glycol-1000 was 50%, and the amount of hyperbranched prepolymer was 0.5%, which could make the film achieve the optimum properties. The percent conversion of isocyanate group (–NCO) was maximum when reacting two hours at 80 °C with 0.2% catalyst.
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Lari, Najme, Shahrokh Ahangarani i Ali Shanaghi. "Effect of Catalyst Type on Structural, Morphological, and Optical Properties of SiO2 Thin Film Applied by Sol-Gel Method". Advanced Materials Research 829 (listopad 2013): 446–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.829.446.
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The application of antireflective coatings to the glass covers of solar thermal collectors, allows increasing the efficiency of the whole system. Among the methods for applying nanostructure coatings, sol-gel method was selected in this study. Via this method, an antireflective silica coating deposited on glass and the solar transmittance was investigated. The precursor solutions were made by mixing tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), ethanol, water and alkali (NH3) or acid (HNO3) catalyst in the molar ratio of 1:3.5:0.35:0.005. In addition, the role of two types of catalysts was examined. UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transformed infrared spectrophotometer, Scanning electron and Optical microscopy were used for the characterization of silica thin films. Results showed that nanoporous silica layers cause to considerable reduction of these light reflections compared with uncoated glasses. It was found that the amount of reduction as well as the adhesive properties is depending on the type of catalyst. Results revealed that not only solar transmittance of acidic-catalyzed coatings is higher than of alkali-catalyzed coatings, but also acidic-catalyzed coatings possess adhesive-resistance higher than alkali-catalyzed coatings. However, at high pH condition, the condensation rate is very fast, and the growth tends to form spherically expanding clusters cause to increasing porosity. The dense and strong binding acidic-catalyzed films have a good antireflective property; because of that, the nanoporousity appears on the surface.
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Fouad, Yassin, Abdulrahman A. Aleid, Omer Osman, Necar Merah, Amjad Shaarawi, Ali Hijles i Fawzia Waluyo. "Tribological Characterization of a Novel Ceramic–Epoxy–Kevlar Composite". Polymers 16, nr 6 (12.03.2024): 785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16060785.
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This work aims to explore the effect of side load and rotational speed on the tribological behavior of a novel ceramic–epoxy composite in Kevlar matrix casing lining that is in contact with a rotating drillpipe tool joint (DP-TJ) coated with the same composite. Three rotational speeds (65, 115, and 154 rpm) and three side loads (500, 700, and 1000 N) were considered under water-based mud (WBM) lubrication. Wear depths, volumes, and specific casing wear rates (K) were determined for each combination of speed and load. The wear depth and K were found to increase with an increasing applied side load. However, the specific casing wear rate at the rotational speed of 115 rpm was found to be the lowest among the three speeds. This is mainly due to a probable lubrication regime change from boundary lubrication at 65 rpm to hydrodynamic lubrication with a thick lubricant film at 115 rpm. The digital microscope images were used to determine the wear mechanism, showing that at low speeds, the main mechanism was abrasive wear, but the increase in the speed brought about more adhesive wear. In contrast, the change in the side load does not affect the wear mechanism of the casing. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used to analyze the surface and composition of the novel material before and after the wear tests.
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Viana, Ana S., i Romana Santos. "Nanoscale characterization of the temporary adhesive of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus". Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 9 (24.08.2018): 2277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.9.212.
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Background: Unlike the thin homogeneous films that are typical for adhesives produced by humans, biological adhesives present complex hierarchical micro- and nanostructures. Most studies on marine adhesives have focused on permanent adhesives, whereas the nanostructures of nonpermanent, temporary or reversible adhesives have only been examined in some organisms such as marine flatworms, barnacle cyprids, freshwater cnidaria and echinoderms such as sea cucumbers and sea stars. In this study, the first nanoscale characterization of sea urchin temporary adhesives was performed using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Results: The adhesive topography was similar under dry and native (seawater) conditions, which was comprised of a honeycomb-like meshwork of aggregated globular nanostructures. In terms of adhesion forces, higher values were obtained in dry conditions, reaching up to 50 nN. Under native conditions, lower adhesive forces were obtained (up to 500 pN) but the adhesive seemed to behave like a functional amyloid, as evidenced by the recorded characteristic sawtooth force–extension curves and positive thioflavin-T labelling. Conclusion: Our results confirm that like other temporary adhesives, the sea urchin adhesive footprint nanostructure consists of a meshwork of entangled globular nanostructures. Under native conditions, the adhesive footprints of the sea urchin behaved like a functional amyloid, suggesting that among its proteinaceous constituents there are most likely proteins with amyloid quaternary structures or rich in β-sheets. These results extend our knowledge on sea urchin adhesive composition and mechanical properties essential for the engineering of biomimetic adhesives.
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Tsukagoshi, Hideyuki, Kazutaka Fuchigami, Eyri Watari i Ato Kitagawa. "Deformable Anchor Ball for Thrown Referring to Octopus Suckers". Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 26, nr 4 (20.08.2014): 477–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2014.p0477.
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<div class=""abs_img""><img src=""[disp_template_path]/JRM/abst-image/00260004/10.jpg"" width=""300"" />Image of Anchor Ball</span></div> This paper presents Anchor Ball, a thrown device with a tether for use safely and quickly in search and rescue operations in dangerous situations. To enable the Anchor Ball to stick to various types of walls, the principle of suction inspired by octopus suckers is introduced, which is composed of a multiple-holed surface for indirect suction and an adhesive elastic film for the seal. A shape-adaptive structure with adjustable stiffness is also introduced to help the Anchor Ball stick even on rugged surfaces. After the characterization of the Anchor Ball is described, the effectiveness of the proposed methods is verified by demonstrating inspection inside a building by combining with Fluid Powered Ropeway which enables to carry the exploration apparatus along with the flexible tube, which is shown in videos at the website [a]. </span>
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Gao, Shuxi, Xiaoyong Hu, Lei Zhang, Yuliang Mai, Hao Pang, Yongqiang Dai i Bing Liao. "Silsesquioxane-Polythiophene Hybrid Copolymer as an Efficient Modifier for Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes". International Journal of Polymer Science 2020 (11.03.2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7659405.
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One silsesquioxane-polythiophene hybrid copolymer, with combined star-like structure and intramolecular heterogeneity, was synthesized and sufficiently characterized via various methods, including FTIR, NMR, and SEC measurements. According to the exploration and characterization results, it was much more efficient at modifying SWNTs than its linear analogs in aqueous solution. The hydrophobic silsesquioxane core and PEDOT chains could locally anchor to the surface of the nanotubes, while the soluble flexible copolymer chains extended into the solution and rigid conjugated chains provided some π-π stacking effect to enhance adhesive force with the conjugated structure of the carbon nanotube, imparting steric stabilization to nanotube dispersion. The noncovalent interaction with SWNTs and solubility in aqueous solution improved the electrochemical characteristics of the modified-SWNT composite and availed for the preparation of a flexible and transparent electroactive film. Accordingly, this kind of silsesquioxane-polythiophene hybrid copolymer will be forwarded to apply to the assembling of flexible optoelectronic devices.
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Elizalde, M. R., J. M. Sánchez Moreno, J. M. Martínez Esnaola, A. Martín Meizoso, J. Gil Sevillano i J. Maiz. "Caracterización de la adhesión en películas delgadas mediante nanoindentación". Boletín de la Sociedad Española de Cerámica y Vidrio 39, nr 3 (30.06.2000): 319–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/cyv.2000.v39.i3.848.
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Yao, Mingjun, Ning Zhao, Teng Wang, Daquan Yu, Zhiyi Xiao i Haitao Ma. "Optimization and Characterization of Low-Temperature Wafer-Level Hybrid Bonding Using Photopatternable Dry Film Adhesive and Symmetric Micro Cu Pillar Solder Bumps". IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology 8, nr 10 (październik 2018): 1855–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcpmt.2018.2837118.
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