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Mebrahtu, Michael Kidane. "Aerobic digestion of waste activated sludge from biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5025.
Pełny tekst źródłaWaste activated sludge (WAS) is a biological sludge that contains biodegradable and non-biodegradable volatile suspended solids (VSS) and non-volatile inorgainic suspended solids (ISS). Stabilization for safe disposal of the WAS is a process of paramount importance at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Hence, aerobic digestion of the WAS from biological nutrient removal (BNR) activated sludge (AS) systems was carried out under batch conditions to (1) measure changes in nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in solid and liquid phases during aerobic batch digestion tests (2) simulate the parent system with Activated Sludge Model No. 2 (ASM-2) in AQUASIM computer program to obtain the initial conditions for batch test simulation (3) simulate the batch aerobic digestion process with ASM-2 and compare with experimental data (4) develop VSS-based and total suspended solids (TSS) (with the addition of ISS to the VSS-based) batch reactor and steady state models for aerobic digestion of nitrification denitrification biological excess phosphorus removel (NDBEPR) WAS based on the individual biomass die-off rates of phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) and ordinary heterotrophic organisms (OHOs), and (5) evaluate the ASM-2 simulation results with steady state aerobic batch digestion model.
Shi, Xinlong. "Membrane fouling of activated sludge". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B30731884.
Pełny tekst źródłaShi, Xinlong, i 史昕龍. "Membrane fouling of activated sludge". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30731884.
Pełny tekst źródłaEvenett, K. M. "Activated sludge : Surface properties and settlement". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380061.
Pełny tekst źródłaHumphreys, Paul Nigel. "Biological denitrification in activated sludge systems". Thesis, London South Bank University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303974.
Pełny tekst źródłaPark, Chul. "Cations and activated sludge floc structure". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34253.
Pełny tekst źródłaMaster of Science
Kim, Min-Jin. "The effect of sludge retention time on dewaterability of activated sludge". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ58745.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaBurke, Russell Armstrong. "Biological excess phosphorus removal in short sludge age activated sludge systems". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7582.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe objective of this investigation was to test, at laboratory-scale, the behaviour of short sludge age biological excess P removal systems, to assess the response of the systems under non-nitrifying and nitrifying conditions, to determine the optimal system configuration(s) and operational parameters, and to check the settling characteristics of the mixed liquor produced in the systems. A secondary objective was to use the observed response data to test the predictive qualities of both the general activated sludge model of Dold, Ekama. and Marais (1985) and the semi-empirical biological excess P removal model of Wentzel, Dold, Ekama and Marais (1984). The objectives were fulfilled by operating a number of laboratory scale anaerobic/aerobic and anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic systems with varying sludge ages, anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic mass fractions, mixed liquor recycle ratios and COD loading rates.
Liu, Xiaoling. "Laboratory evaluation of microbial aggregation in activated in activated [sic] sludge". Connect to this title online, 2007. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1202501487/.
Pełny tekst źródłaKabouris, John C. "Stochastic control of the activated sludge process". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20306.
Pełny tekst źródłaChristopher, Lisa Joy. "Enhancement of polyether biodegradation in activated sludge". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/25378.
Pełny tekst źródłaGoodwin, Julian A. S. "Surface chemistry in the activated sludge process". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365891.
Pełny tekst źródłaSamuelsson, Pär. "Control of Nitrogen Removal in Activated Sludge Processes". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Information Technology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-5903.
Pełny tekst źródłaMore stringent requirements on nitrogen removal from wastewater are the motivation for this thesis. In order to improve treatment results and enhance cost-efficient operation of wastewater treatment plants, model based control strategies are presented.
A Java based simulator for activated sludge processes (JASS) is presented. The graphical user interface, educational experiences and implemented control strategies are discussed.
Controlling the addition of an external carbon source is the next topic discussed. A simple model based feedforward controller is derived and evaluated in a simulation study. The controller attenuates process disturbances quickly. Further, two feedforward controllers for adjusting the aeration volume in activated sludge processes are derived. The aim of the volume control strategies was to efficiently dampen the impact of process disturbances without using an excessively high dissolved oxygen concentration. The simulation results are promising and show that the aeration volume may be a feasible control variable.
A linearisation method for static input non-linearities is presented. The method gives essentially the same result as the existing standard method, but possesses some implementational advantages. The method is used to linearise the non-linear oxygen transfer function of an activated sludge process in an application study.
Multivariable interactions in a process model describing nitrate removal in an activated sludge process are studied using the well known RGA method as well as a relatively novel tool based on Hankel norms. The results of the analysis are compared to conclusions drawn from common process knowledge and are used to design a multivariable control strategy. It was found that process disturbances may be rejected faster using multivariable control.
Finally, the operational costs of the denitrification process are investigated and visualised graphically. Cost optimal regions are found by a numerical grid search. Procedures for controlling the denitrification process in a cost-efficient way are described.
Henkel, Jochen [Verfasser]. "Oxygen Transfer Phenomena in Activated Sludge / Jochen Henkel". Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1106115945/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaKeech, Gregory Wade. "The impact of paper additives on activated sludge". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ29380.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaXu, Kai Harper Willie F. "Thermodynamics of steroid estrogen sorption to activated sludge". Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/FALL/Civil_Engineering/Thesis/Xu_Kai_29.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaMoreno, Oswaldo. "Design of the step-feed activated sludge process". Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64054.
Pełny tekst źródłaSkelton, Hedley John. "Applying hydrodynamic cavitation to the activated sludge process". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613352.
Pełny tekst źródłaViloria, Ysabel. "Sensitivity Analysis of the UNO Activated Sludge Model". ScholarWorks@UNO, 2007. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/540.
Pełny tekst źródłaSegall, Martha. "The effects of cations on activated sludge characteristics". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45911.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis research was prompted by a field study performed at the Celanese Corporation Wastewater Treatment Plant, Narrows, VA., in which calcium chloride addition had improved sludge characteristics that were believed to have deteriorated because of sodium hydroxide additions for pH control.
Research objectives were to determine whether the observed improvements during the full-scale plant study were caused by the addition of divalent cations and whether the deterioration of the sludge was due to sodium ion additions.
Bench-scale, activated sludge reactors were fed wastewater from the Celanese plant to model plant conditions. Sodium was added in an attempt to cause deterioration of the sludge characteristics. Magnesium and calcium were used as divalent cations to try to improve the sludge characteristics.
Results of the study indicated that the magnitude of the effects seen in the full-scale plant study could not be reproduced in the laboratory. Magnesium produced little or no effect on the system and calcium improved the sludge characteristics slightly. Sodium caused deterioration of the sludge but not as dramatically as the full-scale study. This suggested that sodium alone did not adversely affect the sludge but rather, sodium hydroxide might have been combined with organics in the waste which then affected the system.
Master of Science
Wentzel, Mark Charles. "Biological excess phosphorus removal in activated sludge systems". Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8309.
Pełny tekst źródłaWhen this investigation was commenced in 1983 two activated sludge systems had been developed in South Africa that accomplish biological excess phosphorus (P) removal, the UCT and modified Bardenpho systems. To predict the P removal in these systems, an empirical model had been developed. In the empirical model, P removal was formulated in terms of some of the system parameters, such as anaerobic mass fraction, available readily biodegradable COD and active mass concentration. Organisms directly implicated in biological excess P removal (poly P organisms) did not feature in the model and the P removal was not linked to any basic biological or biochemical behaviour. Clearly, there was a need for a more fundamentally based model. The objective of this thesis was to develop such a model.
Yeh, Kuei-Jyum. "The influence of cations on activated sludge behavior". Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54375.
Pełny tekst źródłaMaster of Science
Jordan, Mark. "Activated Sludge Bioassays for Rapid Biochemical Oxygen Demand". Thesis, Griffith University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367704.
Pełny tekst źródłaThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith School of Environment
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
Full Text
Rojas, Jose Angel. "Relationship between the sludge settling characteristics and the parameters of the activated sludge system". ScholarWorks@UNO, 2004. http://louisdl.louislibraries.org/u?/NOD,171.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitle from electronic submission form. "A thesis ... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the Department of Environmental Engineering."--Thesis t.p. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
Punrattanasin, Warangkana. "The Utilization of Activated Sludge Polyhydroxyalkanoates for the Production of Biodegradable Plastics". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27107.
Pełny tekst źródłaPh. D.
Brennan, Daniel. "The numerical simulation of two phase flows in settling tanks". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248344.
Pełny tekst źródłaTurtin, Ipek. "Investigation Of Activated Sludge Bioflocculation: Influence Of Magnesium Ions". Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12606605/index.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaC temperature. When reactors are confirmed to be at steady state, several sets of analysis are conducted. In particular, the surface chemical parameters including EPS and its components, electrical charge, and hydrophobicity as well as physical properties such as settlability, filterability, viscosity, floc strength, and turbidity are examined. It has been understood that phosphorus deficiency causes severe filamentous bulking under magnesium rich conditions. Increasing the phosphorus concentration in the influent can cure this problem. After the sludges are cured some granular structures were observed in the microscopic investigations and they are thought to be polyphosphate granules in which microorganisms tend to accumulate phosphorus when they find the adequate source after a starvation period. To consider the reactors operated at phosphate present conditions, it has been found that EPS increases with increasing influent magnesium concentration. However, protein type EPS (EPSP) exhibits a sharper increase when compared to the carbohydrate type EPS (EPSC) indicating the selective attitude of magnesium ions to protein type of polymers. It has been understood that the increase in the influent magnesium concentration results in an increase in dewaterability and zone settling velocity, and a decrease in the viscosity. Hydrophobicity was found to exhibit a maximum value at 10 meq/L magnesium fed sludge and then it dropped back. Surface charge values also made a minimum at 10 meq/L reactor and then no change occurred at the increase of the magnesium concentration to 20 meq/L. Finally, COD values were found to increase with the increasing magnesium concentration due to the increasing EPS.
Shahriari, Zavareh Haleh. "Evaluation and modeling of a membrane activated sludge system". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26395.
Pełny tekst źródłaWos, Melissa Louise, i n/a. "Methods For Understanding Bacterial Metabolic Activity In Activated Sludge". Griffith University. School of Environmental Engineering, 2005. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20061031.151641.
Pełny tekst źródłaPeters, Jennifer. "The activated sludge treatment of pulp and paper wastewater". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0027/MQ50650.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaChen, Fei. "Bacterial auto-aggregation and co-aggregation in activated sludge". Connect to this title online, 2007. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1211384981/.
Pełny tekst źródłaPeters, Jennifer 1973. "The activated sludge treatment of pulp and paper wastewater /". Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21319.
Pełny tekst źródłaEffluents from two mills in Quebec were examined. Initially, effluents from a chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP) mill were used in this research. The objective was to study the effect of six different waste streams mixed with total mill effluent (0--100%) on the reduction of COD and on the microbial population. The remainder of this research focused on treating effluents from a Kraft mill and investigated the effect of hydraulic residence time (HRT) and step inputs of 1%, 2.5% and 5% black liquor on the reduction of COD and BOD5 and on the microbial population. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Mayhew, Maxine Eleanor. "Chemical inhibitors for biomass yield reduction in activated sludge". Thesis, Cranfield University, 1999. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/4547.
Pełny tekst źródłaClough, G. "The flow of activated sludge through polyester monofilament meshes". Thesis, University of Leeds, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374180.
Pełny tekst źródłaBarbosa, Vera Lucia. "Biological treatment of hydrogen sulphide by activated sludge diffusion". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.422391.
Pełny tekst źródłaQi, Bing Cui. "The bio-disposal of lignocellulose substances with activated sludge". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52489.
Pełny tekst źródłaENGLISH ABSTRACT: Lignocellulose is the principal form of biomass in the biosphere and therefore the predominant renewable source in the environment. However, owing to the chemical and structural complexity of lignocellulose substrates, the effective and sustainable utilization of lignocellulose wastes is limited. Many environments where lignocellulose residues are ordinarily stored can be highly acidic (e.g. landfills), and under these circumstances biodegradation of the lignocellulose is slow and unhygienic. Owing to the metabolic activities of the micro-organisms, the initially acidified habitats rapidly undergoes self-neutralization. A number of pathogenic bacteria (coliforms and Salmonella sp.) are present during this slow degradation process and it is therefore imperative to improve the efficiency and hygienic effects of the biodegradation of the lignocellulose. Although the fundamentals of biodegradation of lignocellulose have been widely investigated, many issues still need to be resolved in order to develop commercially viable technology for the exploitation of these waste products. For example, owing to the complex, heterogeneous structure of lignocellulose, the degree of solubilization, modification and conversion of the different components are not clear. Likewise, the overall anaerobic degradation of lignocellulose is not understood well as yet. In this study, the emphasis was on the promotion of solid anaerobic digestion of lignocellulose wastes for environmental beneficiation and waste reutilization. The degradation of lignocellulose in landfill environments was first simulated experimentally. Once the microbial populations and the degradation products of the system were characterized, the promotion of anaerobic digestion by use of activated sludge was studied. This included acidogenic fermentation, as well as recovery of the methanogenic phase. Moreover, special attention was given to the further disposal of humic acids or humic acid bearing leachates formed in the digestive system, since these acids pose a major problem in the digestion of the lingocellulose. With ultrasonication, approximately 50% of the lower molecular weight fraction of humic acids could be decomposed into volatile forms, but the higher molecular weight fraction tended to aggregate into a colloidal form, which could only be removed from the system by making use of ultrasonically assisted adsorption on preformed aluminium hydroxide floes. This was followed by an investigation of the microbial degradation of humic acids and the toxicity of these acids to anaerobic consortia. Further experimental work was conducted to optimize the biological and abiological treatment of lignocellulose in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (DASB) reactor fed with glucose substrate. The humic acids could be partially hydrolysed and decomposed by the acid fermentative consortia of the granules in the DASB reactor. Finally, solid mesothermophilic lignocellulose anaerobic digestive sludge can be viewed as a humus-rich hygienic product that can improve the fertility and water-holding capacity of agricultural soil, nourish plants and immobilize heavy metals in the environment as a bioabsorbent.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Lignosellulose is die hoofbron van biomassa in die biosfeer en is daarom ook die belangrikste hernubare bron in die omgewing. As gevolg van die chemiese en strukturele kompleksiteit van lignosellulose substrate, is die doeltreffende en volhoubare benutting van lignosellulose afval egter beperk. Die suurgehalte van die omgewings waar lignosellulose reste gewoonlik gestoor word, soos opvullingsterreine, kan hoog wees en onder hierdie omstandighede is die biodegradasie van die lignosellulose stadig en onhigiënies. As gevolg van die metaboliese aktiwiteite van die mikro-organismes ondergaan die aanvanklik aangesuurde habitatte vinnig self-neutralisasie. 'n Aantal patogeniese bakterieë (koliforme en Salmonella sp.) is deurgaans gedurende dié stadige natuurlike proses teenwoordig en dit is dus van die grootste belang om die effektiwiteit en die higiëne van die bioafbreking van die lignosellulose-substraat te verhoog. Alhoewel die grondbeginsels van die bioafbreking van lignosellulose reeds wyd ondersoek is, moet verskeie probleme nog opgelos word ten einde kommersieel haalbare tegnologie te ontwikkel vir die ontginning van afvalprodukte. Byvoorbeeld, as gevolg van die komplekse, heterogene struktuur van lignosellulose, is die graad van solubilisering en die modifikasie en omskakeling van verskillende komponente nog onduidelik. Net so word die algehele anaerobiese afbreking van lignosellulose ook nog nie ten volle verstaan nie. In hierdie ondersoek het die klem geval op die bevordering van soliede anaerobiese digestie van lignosellulose afval vir omgewingsverbetering en die benutting van die afval. Die afbreking van lignosellulose in opvullingsterreine is eers eksperimenteel gesimuleer. Nadat die mikrobiese populasies en die afbrekingsprodukte gekarakteriseer is, is die bevordering van anaerobiese digestie deur die gebruik van geaktiveerde slyk bestudeer. Dit het asidogeniese fermentasie ingesluit, sowel as herwinning van die metanogeniese fase. Spesiale aandag is gegee aan die verdere verwerking van humus sure en humussuurbevattende legate wat in die digestiewe stelsel gegenereer is, aangesien die sure probleme veroorsaak het met die vertering van die lignosellulose. Met ultrasoniese straling is nagenoeg 50% van die lae-molekulêre massafraksie van die humussure ontbind in vlugtige vorm, maar die hoë-molekulêre massafraksie het geneig om in 'n kolloïdale vorm te aggregeer, wat slegs uit die stelsel verwyder kon word deur middel van ultrasonies ondersteunde adsorpsie op voorafgevormde aluminiumhidroksiedvlokkies. Dit is gevolg deur 'n ondersoek na die mikrobiese afbreking van humus sure en die toksisiteit van die sure ten opsigte van anaerobiese konsortia. Verdere eksperimentele werk is gedoen ten opsigte van die biologiese en abiologiese behandeling van lignosellulose in 'n opwaartsvloeiende anaerobiese slikkombersreaktor (OASK) gevoer met glukosesubstrate. Die humus sure kon gedeeltelik gehidroliseer en ontbind word deur die suurgistende konsortia van die granules in die OASK reactor. Ten slotte kan die vaste termofiliese-mesofiliese anaerobiese lignosellulose verteringslik ook gesien word as 'n humusryke higiëniese produk wat die vrugbaarheid en die waterhoudende vermoë van landbougrond kan verhoog, plante kan voed en kan funksioneer as bioabsorbeerder van swaarmetale in die omgewing.
Anbalagan, Anbarasan. "Indigenous microalgae-activated sludge cultivation system for wastewater treatment". Licentiate thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Framtidens energi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-31543.
Pełny tekst źródłaAvloppsvatten innehåller allt det ni spolar ner i avloppet, med höga halter av viktiga näringsämnen som fosfor, kväve och kol. Kostnaden för att rena avloppsvatten ökar i världen på grund av ökad urbanisering och ökade krav på reningen. Reningsprocessen domineras av aktivslamprocessen, i vilken mikroorganismer (främst bakterier) renar vattnet från kol och kväve medan det mesta av fosforn fälls ut med kemikalier. Processen är mycket energikrävande på grund av den stora mängden luft som pumpas in för att förse bakterierna med syre. Tillsammans utgör alla de här funktionerna en energi- och resurskrävande process som dessutom kräver tillskott av mer kol, oftast som ren alkohol, för att kvävereningen ska fungera. I den här avhandlingen har ett alternativ till konventionell, bakteriell avloppsvattenrening studerats; mikroalgbaserad aktivslamprocess (MAAS). Bakgrunden är att gröna mikroalger i likhet med växter utnyttjar fotosyntesen. Genom i fotosyntesen kan algerna snabbt föröka sig om det finns näringsämnen, ljus och koldioxid. Eftersom avloppsvattnet innehåller alla nödvändiga näringsämnen kan det räcka med att tillsätta koldioxid under rätt ljusförhållanden för att en livskraftig algkultur ska växa till. Algerna producerar även syre i processen som i sin tur kan användas av bakterierna i MAAS processen i en intressant symbios. Mest intressant är mikroalgbaserad vattenrening ur ett resursutvinningsperspektiv eftersom näringsämnena assimileras i algerna och därmed förblir i slammet och kan sedan utvinnas som en gödselprodukt. Målet med MAAS-forskningen har varit att använda koldioxid, näringsämnen och en algkultur från svenska förhållanden, i det här fallet Mälaren, för att bygga upp en effektiv kultur för vattenrening. Samtidigt vill vi i forskningen optimera processen utifrån hur mycket ljus som behöver tillföras, hur snabbt mikroorganismerna kan rena vattnet och vilka andra ämnen som kan störa processen. I den här avhandlingen har olika ljuskällor undersökts, med särskilt fokus på effektiva LED-lampor. Därefter har målet varit att optimera processen så att uppehållstiden, dvs den tid det tar för en viss volym vatten att renas, skulle kunna sänkas från 6 dagar (vilket anses vara internationell standard) till 4 eller till och med 2 dagars uppehållstid. Slutligen studerades effekterna av fällningskemikalier i mikroalgkulturen med slutsatsen att mikroalger blir begränsade av fällningskemikalier men att mikroalgerna däremot har goda förutsättningar att rena vattnet från betydande mängder fosfor och därmed minska mängderna fällningskemikalier som måste till sättas.
McCarvil, James. "Bacterial interactions with metals in the activated sludge system". Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377697.
Pełny tekst źródłaFranco, Martim Félix Bento. "MBR activated sludge filterability characterization in cross flow filtration". Master's thesis, FCT - UNL, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/2520.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe reliability of MBR operation and its capability to produce favorable results as regards water treatment, in comparison with conventional activated sludge systems, makes this technology so promising. Regarding the influence of different cross flow velocities on sludge filterability in cross flow filtration, velocities above 1m/s (considered as high velocity in this research), showed the strongest correlations between the filterability of activated sludge and its respective fractionation compounds (suspended solids, colloids and solutes). However as the MBR treatment process is a physical chemical process involving filtration and biological treatment, it leads to the phenomena of fouling – resulting in membranes becoming obstructed, requiring more energy and physical chemical cleaning, thus increasing the additional associated costs. In this thesis, a framework analysis of MBR technology uses is undertaken and the current state of the art regarding this technology. This research included an important experimental component, with the Delft Filtration Characterization method (DFCm) developed by TU Delft (Evenblij et al., 2005) for activated sludge filterability measurements, developed by Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands. Activated sludge filterability was compared with subsequent laboratory analyses: chemical oxygen demand, total organic carbon, total suspended solids, volatile suspended solids and particle counts in 0.4-5.0μm range. The aim of these analyses was a fractionation of sludge samples in suspended solids, colloids and solute. The sludge samples were collected on MBR full-scale in Heenvliet Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), also in the Netherlands, where the treatment process also includes a conventional activated sludge system (oxidation ditch activated sludge). The influence of different cross flow velocities on sludge filterability in cross flow filtration was performed, using in-situ monitoring of Heenvliet WWTP. The results obtained in this study relating to monitoring of Heenvliet WWTP, showed a strong correlation between the activated sludge characteristics and the filterability.
Murthy, Sudhir N. "Bioflocculation: Implications for Activated Sludge Properties and Wastewater Treatment". Diss., Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30647.
Pełny tekst źródłaPh. D.
Moodley, Rajan. "External nitrification in biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9945.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn conventional nitrification-denitrification biological excess phosphorous removal (NDBEPR) activated sludge systems, such as the UCT system for example, both nitrification and phosphorous uptake (P uptake) occur simultaneously in the, usually large, aerobic reactor. In the UCT system the nitrate load to the anoxic reactor is limited by the a-recycle (i.e. system constraint recycle from the aerobic to the anoxic reactor) and the internal aerobic nitrification performance. The latter process, is mediated by the nitrifiers having a slow growth rate of 0.45/d, governs the sludge age of the biological nutrient removal activated sludge (BNRAS) system and thus results in long (20 - 25 day) sludge ages and large aerobic mass fraction requirements to nitrify completely. However, if stable nitrification could be achieved outside the BNRAS external nitrification (EN) system then nitrification and the suspended solids sludge age become uncoupled allowing greater flexibility into the BNRAS system.
Sötemann, Sven. "External nitrification in biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5003.
Pełny tekst źródłaBibliography: leaves 5.1-5.7.
Biological nutrient removal activated sludge (BNRAS) systems have become the preferred treatment system for advanced municipal wastewater treatment in South Africa. They have proven to be cost-effective systems that produce effluents of excellent quality that can be re-introduced to the receiving water bodies without a significant negative impact on the scarce surface water of South Africa. The widespread implementation of the BNRAS system has drawn attention to some of the weaknesses of the system, predominantly (i) the long sludge ages and resulting large biological reactor volumes required for nitrification, (ii) filamentous organism bulking of the sludge that develops in the system, (iii) treatment of the P rich waste sludge from the system and (iv) containment of the large mass of P in the sludge during a failure of the aeration in the system. In order to overcome the first two weaknesses of the system, it is proposed to separate the process of nitrification from the BNRAS mixed liquor and achieve nitrification externally to the BNRAS system.
Steffens, Marc Alexander. "Advanced process control for nutrient removal activated sludge processes /". [St. Lucia, Qld.], 1997. http://library.uq.edu.au/screens/steffens.html.
Pełny tekst źródłaWos, Melissa Louise. "Methods For Understanding Bacterial Metabolic Activity In Activated Sludge". Thesis, Griffith University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367303.
Pełny tekst źródłaThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Environmental Engineering
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Luque, Jackeline. "Exocellular polymeric substances, bioflocculation and sludge settling properties in a combined anaerobic/activated sludge process". ScholarWorks@UNO, 2005. http://louisdl.louislibraries.org/u?/NOD,238.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitle from electronic submission form. "A thesis ... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering and Applied Science"--Dissertation t.p. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
Graham, Brian Robert. "Comparison of powdered activated carbon and activated sludge treatment of a kraft pulp mill wastewater". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/10257.
Pełny tekst źródłaCardete, García Mª Alicia. "Implementation of a selector for sludge settling enhancement in an activated sludge system treating petrochemical wastewater". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667866.
Pełny tekst źródłaCon la aprobación de la nueva versión del BREF de aguas residuales, la industria química europea está obligada a mejorar sus procesos de tratamiento de agua para adaptarse a especificaciones de vertido más restrictivas. Particularmente, los sistemas de fangos activos petroquímicos focalizados en la degradación de materia orgánica deben afrontar dos limitaciones frecuentes que dificultan la decantación del lodo: fuerte tendencia al bulking filamentoso por baja razón alimento-biomasa (F/M) y nitrificación biológica no deseada. Ensayos piloto con efluentes petroquímicos han demostrado que la inclusión de un selector aerobio en el sistema de fangos activos permite superar el bulking filamentoso, obteniendo siempre valores de índice volumétrico de fangos inferiores a 75 mL g-1. Los parámetros de diseño óptimos para el selector son un tiempo de residencia de 30 minutos y una razón F/M de 35 g DQO g-1 VSS d-1. Se debe alimentar al selector los efluentes más biodegradables y con el mínimo contenido en materia orgánica particulada. Sin embargo, con la implementación del selector, la nitrificación se ha duplicado. Puesto que las técnicas convencionales de control de nitrificación no resultan adecuadas por limitaciones de proceso y de implementación, se ha desarrollado como alternativa, la dosificación de ácido fólico al reactor biológico. En ensayos de laboratorio con un reactor petroquímico, dosis continuas de 0,4 y 0,9 g g-1 VSS d-1 de vitamina han permitido limitar la nitrificación a concentraciones inferiores a 10 mg NOx—N L-1 sin aportar toxicidad al efluente. La alta concentración, incluso ha mantenido este efecto hasta 60 días después de cortar la dosificación de vitamina. Sin embargo, el ácido fólico ha modificado los parámetros operativos del sistema biológico. La concentración baja ha aumentado el consumo de oxígeno (85,7%). La concentración alta ha aumentado la eficiencia en degradación de materia orgánica (60,0%), la producción de biomasa (57,1%) y ha empeorado la decantación del lodo (93±29 mL g-1). Estos resultados aconsejan ensayar otras estrategias posológicas, tales como dosis discontinuas de 0,9 g g-1 VSS d-1. Esta investigación proporciona las bases para un desarrollo futuro del mecanismo de acción de las moléculas heterocíclicas nitrogenadas, como inhibidores de la nitrificación.
An, Kyoung Jin. "Reduction of excess sludge in an oxic-settling-anaerobic (OSA) system : a modified activated sludge process /". View abstract or full-text, 2004. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CIVL%202004%20AN.
Pełny tekst źródłaIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 188-201). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.
Sam-Soon, Paul Alan Li Nai Sing. "Pelletization in the upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor". Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17151.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis investigation was prompted by a study into the feasibility of treating an apple juicing waste water in an upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor system. Past experience with this system suggested that a pelletized sludge would be produced due to the nature of the waste water. This indeed was observed but the system exhibited an unusual feature, a high removal of nitrogen far in excess of that normally found in normal anaerobic processes. This observation stimulated a far reaching investigation into, the behaviour of the pelletized sludge bed, the causes giving rise to pelletization, a biochemical model explaining pellet formation, verification of the biochemical model, criteria for pellet formation, pH control in the pelletized sludge bed, and a kinetic model for the UASB process.
Saikaly, Pascal E. "Ecological approach to mitigate toxic shocks in activated sludge systems". Connect to resource online, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1125670988.
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