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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Actine cytoplasmique"
Mangé, Alain. "Etude structurale et fonctionnelle des gènes d'actine cytoplasmique de Bombyx mori". Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10080.
Pełny tekst źródłaColin, Alexandra. "Étude du rôle de l’auto-organisation de l’actine cytoplasmique au sein de deux systèmes modèles : extraits cellulaires de Xénope et ovocytes de souris". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEE034/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaCell division is a key element of the development of an embryo throughout all his life. During cell division, the genetic material (chromosomes) is distributed between the two daughter cells. This distribution is achieved by the spindle and a misbehavior in the formation of this structure can be critical. The cytoskeleton polymers are playing a predominant role in cell division. Despite important progresses in the understanding of their role in cell division process, numerous questions still have to be answered and technical progresses to study these phenomena are still needed. In this PhD work, we studied the role of cytoplasmic F-actin self-organization in two model systems: Xenopus egg extracts and mouse oocytes. Using an interdisciplinary approach, we developed new experimental and analytical tools to study the role of cytoplasmic F-actin during cell division. By encapsulating Xenopus actin-intact egg extracts in droplets, we are able to mimic cellular environment. We use this system to study interactions between F-actin and microtubules. In a first project, we showed that F-actin self-organization can trigger signaling pathways. By engineering two properties of the microfilament self-organization and using Ran dependent microtubule nucleation, we found that F-actin dynamics promotes the robust assembly of microtubules. In a second project, we showed that the dynamics of cytoplasmic F-actin can induce constraints on the microtubule organization and dynamics in aster and spindle structures. Our results suggest that the dynamic properties of cytoplasmic F-actin meshwork are of a primary importance for the proper assembly of microtubule structures.In the mouse oocyte, we set-up a method to automatically track the movement of passive objects with tunable size. We used this system to examine the effect of cytoplasmic F-actin on long-range transport. We thus validated the existence of a non-specific mechanism for large objects centering during Prophase. We also demonstrated that this centering mechanism is still present during the rest of meiosis, coexisting with the spindle migration toward the cortex
Hecquet, Théo. "Multiscale characterization of Caenorhabditis elegans models of human cytoplasmic actin variants hints at their pathophysiological mechanisms". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAJ060.
Pełny tekst źródłaActin is a protein that self-assembles into dynamic networks essential for physiological processes. Punctual mutations in the human cytoplasmic actin coding genes ACTB and ACTG1 lead to disorders termed Non-Muscle Actinopathies (NMA). NMAs cause a broad spectrum of symptoms ranging from mild to severe. To date, a definitive genotype-to-phenotype correlation within the NMA field has yet to emerge, and the functional mechanisms underlying symptoms in patients remain elusive. To fill this gap, we used Caenorhabditis elegans. Using various techniques, we assessed the multiscale consequences of nine actin variants identified in NMA patients that we reproduced in a C. elegans’ actin coding gene. We observed a diversity of variant-specific perturbations at different scales. Overall, the severity of Human variants correlates well with that of C. elegans variants and hints at their pathophysiological mechanisms
Cormeau, Jordan. "Recherche des partenaires protéiques et étude fonctionnelle de la région cytoplasmique des protéines BP-80 chez arabidopsis thaliana et helianthus annus". Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30028.
Pełny tekst źródłaGatti, Sabrina. "Etude des fonctions cytoplasmiques et nucléaires de la protéine NtWLIM2 de Nicotiana tabacum". Strasbourg 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008STR13096.
Pełny tekst źródłaMejdoub, Hafedh. "Aspartyl-trna synthetase cytoplasmique de levure : structure primaire et domaines accessibles". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13042.
Pełny tekst źródłaMailliot, Justine. "Étude structurale de l’histoneméthyltransférase « CARM1 » et de ses complexes biologiquement significatifs : des structures 3D vers la conception rationnelle de composés à action pharmacologique". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAJ015/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaProtein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) are involved in several cellular mechanisms: transcription, RNA maturation and transport, translation, signal transduction, DNA replication and repair, and apoptosis. Different studies showed that deregulation of those mechanisms involving PRMTs can induce some cancers, making these enzymes new potential targets for chemotherapy. It is therefore crucial to understand the mode of action of PRMTs at the atomic scale, both at the fundamental level and for the development of new drugs. The studies described here focus on PRMT4/CARM1 and rely on structural studies by bio-crystallography, in order to understand the methylation mechanisms catalyzed by CARM1 and to discover specific inhibitors, but also on in vitro studies, to characterize the interaction between CARM1 and its substrates