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1
Fusaro, Gioia, Xiang Yu, Zhenbo Lu, Fangsen Cui i Jian Kang. "A Metawindow with Optimised Acoustic and Ventilation Performance". Applied Sciences 11, nr 7 (2.04.2021): 3168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11073168.
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Crucial factors in window performance, such as natural ventilation and noise control, are generally conceived separately, forcing users to choose one over the other. To solve this dualism, this study aimed to develop an acoustic metamaterial (AMM) ergonomic window design to allow noise control without dependence on the natural ventilation duration and vice versa. First, the finite element method (FEM) was used to investigate the noise control performance of the acoustic metawindow (AMW) unit, followed by anechoic chamber testing, which also served as the validation of the FEM models. Furthermore, FEM analysis was used to optimise the acoustic performance and assess the ventilation potential. The numerical and experimental results exhibited an overall mean sound reduction of 15 dB within a bandwidth of 380 to 5000 Hz. A good agreement between the measured and numerical results was obtained, with a mean variation of 30%. Therefore, the AMW unit optimised acoustic performance, resulting in a higher noise reduction, especially from 50 to 500 Hz. Finally, most of the AMW unit configurations are suitable for natural ventilation, and a dynamic tuned ventilation capacity can be achieved for particular ranges by adjusting the window’s ventilation opening. The proposed designs have potential applications in building acoustics and engineering where natural ventilation and noise mitigation are required to meet regulations simultaneously.
2
Razavi, Zohreh, Max Richter, Murray Hodgson i Alireza Khaleghi. "Acoustical Improvements with Natural Air Ventilation in the Liu Institute for Global Issues at the University of British Columbia". Journal of Green Building 6, nr 1 (1.02.2011): 114–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.6.1.114.
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Low speech privacy in shared and private offices in one of the early generation of a “green” building resulted in occupants' dissatisfaction. This problem is experienced in Liu institute with a natural-ventilation system. Such a system requires low air-flow resistance which is achieved by large openings which will result in noise transmission between various spaces within the building. The poor acoustical quality in this building resulted in occupants' noise complaints which were further investigated by way of relevant acoustical measurements. CATT-Acoustic software was utilized to modify the acoustical quality of the building without any disturbance to the occupants. The optimized design of the transfer box above the office door was selected based on CATT-Acoustic predictions. The acoustical measurements were conducted after installation of the transfer box above the office door. The measurements' results agreed with the predictions which led to improved speech privacy to an acceptable level between the office and the corridor in Liu Institute. More work should be done to improve the acoustical quality of natural-ventilated building to conform to ANSI standards.1The results of this study strongly support including acoustics in “green” building designs with natural ventilation to avoid users' complaints.
3
Lee, Heow Pueh, i Sanjay Kumar. "Perspectives on the Sonic Environment and Noise Mitigations during the COVID-19 Pandemic Era". Acoustics 3, nr 3 (13.07.2021): 493–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/acoustics3030033.
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The pandemic has impacted every facet of our life, society, and environment. It has also affected both the requirement and challenges for acoustic research and applications. The present article attempts to present a summary of the impact of COVID-19 on several aspects of acoustics, from the changes in the sonic environment due to reduced human and industrial activities to natural ventilation requirements for mitigating the transmission of coronavirus while mitigating noise, and, more importantly, discusses the potential impacts and challenges for acoustics in the post-COVID-19 era. The present study specifically examines the effects of COVID-19 on the sonic environment, the acoustic treatment by considering the need for constant disinfection, the noise control on construction and neighborhood activities in response to an increased number of people working from home, and the need for having natural ventilation while mitigating noise at home and offices.
4
Ávila Ferreira, Vinícius. "Soundproof Window - Natural Ventilation". INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, nr 3 (1.08.2021): 3294–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-2361.
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Expansion of brasilians cities worsen noise pollution in these places, forcing people to maintain their doors and windows closed. Domestic environment enclosing lead to necessity of air conditioning system, however the frequent use of the equipment may cause many health problems, such as respiratory difficulties and spread of diseases , not to mention high costs with energy. Considering these facts, there is the need of soundproofing windows with air supply , that allows passage of air without noise passage, guarantee a well-ventilated environment, with thermic and acoustic comfort without the use of acclimatisation systems . we have developed two prototypes with significant opening that allows air supply (passage) (0,35m2) and noise reduction (Rw+Ctr) reaching 8 to 10 dB. In the first study, we considered people inhabiting really noisy surrounding areas, who has already installed a regular window. In this particular case, we developed a soundproofing window air supply that can be installed over the existing one. A second study considered new constructions to focus the environment where the person sleeps and then elaborate a soundproofing window air supply for bedrooms.
5
Zekic, Suzana, Luis Gomez-Agustina, Haydar Aygun i Issa Chaer. "Experimental acoustic testing of alternative ventilation ducts". INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 265, nr 5 (1.02.2023): 2785–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2022_0390.
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Ducts of alternative materials to galvanised steel, are widely employed in residential buildings' mechanical ventilation systems in a bid to comply with the conservation of energy regulations in circumstances that prevent the use of natural ventilation. The noise transfer predictions of systems with alternative ducts are still being based on data for galvanised steel due to the lack of the acoustic performance data of alternative ventilation ducts tested in controlled conditions. To close this knowledge gap, alternative ventilation ducts and associated 90º bend samples were acoustically tested in controlled laboratory conditions utilising the substitution principle as outlined in BS EN ISO 7235 (2009) as well as applying a novel "zero substitution" approach. Static and dynamic tests were undertaken and sound attenuation (per meter) as a function of frequency was obtained. Preliminary results revealed the different acoustic characteristics of alternative ventilation ducts when compared to published galvanised steel ducts. The "zero substitution" approach showed good agreement with results obtained from the standardised substitution method when tested in straight duct sections. It is expected that the new acoustics knowledge on alternative ventilation ducts will influence the current design approaches and enhance confidence in noise transfer predictions resulting in cost and energy savings.
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Ang, Linus Yinn Leng, i Fangsen Cui. "Recent progress in acoustic metamaterials with ventilation". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 154, nr 4_supplement (1.10.2023): A85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0022883.
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To develop sustainable cities, natural ventilation is being explored as one of the ways to reduce energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. Recently, acoustic metamaterials with ventilation have garnered attention for their potential to provide both ventilation and noise control. In addition, this class of acoustic metamaterials can be used as a machine enclosure for dissipating thermal load and reducing noise emission. This presentation focuses on the recent progress in acoustic metamaterials with ventilation over the last five years, highlighting three types: metamufflers, metapanels, and metacages. Furthermore, the challenges faced by metacages for real-world applications are presented.
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Bielek, Boris, Daniel Szabó i Vladimír Majsniar. "Development and Experimental Verification of Ventilation Units for Under Pressure Ventilation System". Advanced Materials Research 1041 (październik 2014): 329–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1041.329.
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Task of controlled ventilation in modern residential buildings is to ensure optimum quality of interior environment and fulfill hygienic and thermal technical requirements guaranteeing comfort of user. The paper discusses development and experimental verification of atypical vertical ventilation units of under pressure controlled ventilation system for residential high-rise building. Recommended concept of solution to façade detail in relation to ventilation system. Conceptual designs of alternatives of air inlet openings of under pressure controlled ventilation system for apartments of atypical vertical geometry. Optimized alternative of air inlet openings in the bottom level of vertical pilaster with function of air distribution channel for ventilation system. Laboratory experimental verification of physical properties of optimized alternative of ventilation units of under pressure controlled ventilation system in their development cycle. Hydrodynamic regime of air inlet openings of controlled ventilation system – laboratory experimental research in large rain chamber. Aerodynamic regime of natural controlled ventilation system – laboratory experimental research in large pressure chamber. Acoustic properties of natural controlled ventilation system – laboratory experimental research in acoustic chambers. Comparison by the experiment of verified parameters of ventilation units of under pressure controlled ventilation with design parameters.
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Oldham, D. J., Jian Kang i M. W. Brocklesby. "Modelling the Acoustical and Airflow Performance of Simple Lined Ventilation Apertures". Building Acoustics 12, nr 4 (grudzień 2005): 277–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/135101005775219139.
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The pressure differences that can be used to drive a natural ventilation system are very small and thus large apertures are required to allow sufficient air to enter and leave a building to ensure good air quality or thermal comfort. Large apertures are potential acoustic weak points on a façade and may require some form of acoustic treatment such as absorbent linings, in which case the ventilator is similar to a short section of lined duct. In ducts, the performance of absorbent linings increases with the length of lining and the ratio of the length of lined perimeter to the cross sectional area of the duct. Thus, for a duct of a given cross sectional area, a lining is more effective for a duct with a high aspect ratio than for a duct with a square cross section. However, the high aspect ratio cross section will result in greater flow resistance and impede the airflow performance. In this paper numerical methods are employed to investigate the effect of different configurations of a lined aperture on the acoustical and ventilation performance of the aperture in order to establish the optimum configurations.
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Gamalia, A. N., S. N. N. Ekasiwi i F. X. T. B. Samodra. "Acoustical and ventilation performance of school building near airport area in relation to Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1157, nr 1 (1.04.2023): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1157/1/012005.
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Abstract Buildings that prioritize natural ventilation have problems dealing with airborne noise. The Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) disturbance will be considered in the school design located around the airport. As a result, the disorder can cause Sick Building Syndrome (SBS). Thus, the aspect of natural ventilation and noise (acoustics) is a problem that must be compromised. This paper will report the results of measuring the IEQ parameters of ventilation and acoustic, indicated by changes in the ratio of window openings in an elementary school located closest to the airplane runway. The results show that the top-hung type opening with a ratio of the half from the maximum opening produces airflow and noise that still does not meet the IEQ requirements. Hence the aspect of temperature and humidity and CO2 levels still meets the IEQ requirements.
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Hoz-Torres, María L. de la, Antonio J. Aguilar, Diego P. Ruiz i María Dolores Martínez-Aires. "Analysis of Impact of Natural Ventilation Strategies in Ventilation Rates and Indoor Environmental Acoustics Using Sensor Measurement Data in Educational Buildings". Sensors 21, nr 18 (12.09.2021): 6122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21186122.
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Indoor environmental conditions can significantly affect occupants’ health and comfort. These conditions are especially important in educational buildings, where students, teachers and staff spend long periods of the day and are vulnerable to these factors. Recently, indoor air quality has been a focus of attention to ensure that disease transmission in these spaces is minimised. In order to increase the knowledge in this field, experimental tests have been carried out to characterise the impact of natural ventilation strategies on indoor air quality and the acoustic environment. This study has evaluated three ventilation scenarios in four different classrooms in buildings of the University of Granada, considering different window and door opening configurations. Ventilation rates were estimated using the CO2 Decay Method, and background noise recordings were made in each classroom for acoustic tests. Results show that specific natural ventilation strategies have a relevant impact that is worth considering on the background noise in indoor spaces. In this sense ventilation rates provided by the different configurations varied between 3.7 and 39.8 air changes per hour (ACH) and the acoustic tests show a background noise ranging from 43 to 54 dBA in these scenarios. Consequently, managers and teachers should take into account not only the ACH, but also other collateral impacts on the indoor environmental conditions such as the thermal comfort or the acoustic environment.
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Jalil, Nurul Amira Abd, Nazli Bin Che Din i Nila Inangda Manyam Keumala Daud. "A Literature Analysis on Acoustical Environment in Green Building Design Strategies". Applied Mechanics and Materials 471 (grudzień 2013): 138–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.471.138.
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Acoustic quality is important in ensuring a healthy and workable working environment. One of green buildings main objective is to reduce the building impact on human health and performance. This was emphasized in most green building rating system under its requirement for Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ). IEQ highlights the four main points for achieving an improved indoor environment: indoor air quality, acoustics, visual comfort (lighting) and thermal comfort. Although acoustics was mentioned in the IEQ criteria, according to previous surveys and studies; acoustics quality in green buildings were not improving. It seems as though in order to improve on other green building criteria, acoustics performance is bound to become poorer. Through review of previous literature, survey and studies on acoustical performance in green buildings, the objective of this paper is to identify how green building design strategies contribute to the degradation of acoustical environment in green office buildings. Findings shows that design strategies implemented to cater for other green building requirements such as natural ventilation, daylight, reduction of finishes and office layout have unintentionally decrease the acoustical quality.
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Bielek, Boris, i Daniel Szabó. "New Façade Ventilation Units of under Pressure Controlled Ventilation System". Advanced Materials Research 1057 (październik 2014): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1057.113.
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Task of controlled ventilation in modern residential buildings is to ensure optimum quality of interior environment and fulfill hygienic and thermal technical requirements guaranteeing comfort of user. The paper discusses development and experimental verification of atypical vertical ventilation units of under pressure controlled ventilation system for residential high-rise building. Recommended concept of solution to façade detail in relation to ventilation system. Optimized alternative of air inlet openings in the bottom level of vertical pilaster with function of air distribution channel for under pressure controlled ventilation system. The paper discusses laboratory experimental verification of physical properties of optimized alternative of ventilation units of under pressure controlled ventilation system for high-rise residential building in their development cycle. Boundary conditions of physical designing of envelope structures for load of wind-driven rain and their modifications for high-rise building in the locality of Bratislava. Hydrodynamic regime of air inlet openings of controlled ventilation system – maintaining water impermeability of air inlet openings of the ventilation system under the effect of wind-driven rain – laboratory experimental research in large rain chamber, its results and necessary construction modifications of elements of ventilation units. Aerodynamic regime of natural controlled ventilation system – quantification of volume of air flow rate through ventilation units in dependence to air pressure difference - laboratory experimental research in large pressure chamber. Acoustic properties of natural controlled ventilation system – quantification of index of air impermeability of controlled ventilation system in open and closed position - laboratory experimental research in acoustic chambers. Comparison by the experiment of verified parameters of ventilation units of under pressure controlled ventilation with design parameters.
13
Torresin, Simone, Rossano Albatici, Francesco Aletta, Francesco Babich, Tin Oberman i Jian Kang. "Acoustic Design Criteria in Naturally Ventilated Residential Buildings: New Research Perspectives by Applying the Indoor Soundscape Approach". Applied Sciences 9, nr 24 (10.12.2019): 5401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9245401.
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The indoor-outdoor connection provided by ventilation openings has been so far a limiting factor in the use of natural ventilation (NV), due to the apparent conflict between ventilation needs and the intrusion of external noise. This limiting factor impedes naturally ventilated buildings meeting the acoustic criteria set by standards and rating protocols, which are reviewed in this paper for residential buildings. The criteria reflect a general effort to minimize noise annoyance by reducing indoor sound levels, typically without a distinction based on a ventilation strategy. Research has developed a number of solutions, discussed here, that try to guarantee ventilation without compromising façade noise insulation, but, currently, none have been adopted on a large scale. This concept paper highlights the main limits of the current approach. First, a fragmented view towards indoor environmental quality has not included consideration of the following acoustic criteria: (i) how buildings are designed and operated to meet multiple needs other than acoustical ones (e.g., ventilation, visual, and cooling needs) and (ii) how people respond to multiple simultaneous environmental factors. Secondly, the lack of a perceptual perspective has led acoustic criteria to neglect the multiple cognitive and behavioral factors impinging on comfort in naturally ventilated houses. Indeed, factors such as the connection with the outside and the sense of control over one’s environment may induce “adaptive acoustic comfort” opportunities that are worth investigating. The mere use of different sound level limits would not be enough to define criteria tailored to the complex user–building interaction that occurs under NV conditions. More holistic and human-centered approaches are required to guarantee not only neutrally but even positively perceived indoor acoustic environments. For this reason, this paper considers this apparent conflict from a soundscape viewpoint, in order to expose still unexplored lines of research. By underpinning a perceptual perspective and by contextualizing it, the indoor soundscape approach provides a framework capable of overcoming the limits of the traditional noise control approach. This could provide the opportunity to foster a wider adoption of NV as a passive design strategy that enhances user health and well-being, while enabling low-cost, and low-energy cooling and ventilation, thereby contributing to current climate change challenges.
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Lam, Man Sum, May Hang Grace Kwok, Siu Ming Cheung, Joanne Wai Yin Ng i Wing Yee Tang. "A possible mitigation measures for urbanized residential care homes for elderly (RCHE) - acoustic window with natural ventilation". INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 264, nr 1 (24.06.2022): 400–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/nc-2022-748.
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Hong Kong is well known as a densely populated city, which has an explicit usage of road traffic as its transport backbone. Severe road traffic noise problem is resulted from poorly planning in past decades, leads to the development of typical baffle type acoustic window with only one outer and one inner opening to attenuate adverse traffic noise impact. Nevertheless, extensive noise mitigation measures while allowing natural ventilation are essential when designing a RCHE. In view of the concern of the limited accessibility of the elderlies, the equal opportunity at both sides of the room to meet the needs of accessing to openable window was taken into account as far as possible. The proposed outer opening of the specially designed acoustic window is located in the middle, while the respective inner openings are located at the 2 sides. In this paper, mock-up test were carried out to analyze the acoustic performance of the specially designed acoustic window with two inner opening against the special characteristics of road traffic noise. Test results shown that the specially designed acoustic window is effective in mitigating substantial road traffic noise while providing reasonably amount of ventilation.
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Bravo, Teresa, i Cedric Maury. "Micro-perforated mufflers based on the Acoustic Black Hole effect". INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 268, nr 5 (30.11.2023): 3296–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2023_0472.
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Attenuation of acoustic disturbance with compact and low-weight acoustical devices is a demanding requisite in industries such as vehicle exhaust mufflers, turbofan liners or ventilation systems. Acoustic Black Holes (ABH) is a concept that has been studied originally in the field of vibration control for the design of a structure based on a power-law thickness profiles along its edges. The idea of wave trapping and dissipation has been extended to the field of duct acoustics using compact devices that avoid blocking the air flow. Based on this idea, in this work we propose the study of a micro-perforated silencer that should prevent reflection and transmission of the sound waves over a wide range of audible frequencies. The use of micro-perforations over the facing cavities should help to extend performance towards the low frequency range. The acoustic behavior of the ABH is assessed from theoretical and numerical modeling. The performance can be greatly improved when the physical constituting parameters are optimized simultaneously. Particle swarm optimization is a computational method inspired by the behavior of natural systems that is able to provide a satisfactory solution with enhanced total dissipation.
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Gaj, Patryk, i Joanna Kopania. "Influence of Geometry of Channel on the Flow Noise Parameters". Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering 22, nr 2 (24.08.2020): 541–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mme-2018-0043.
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AbstractAcoustic emission through duct walls is an important problem in engineering acoustics. This phenomenon most commonly occurs in heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) and other gas flow ducting (large industrial silencers). Many works focus on elaboration of more exact description of the acoustic field phenomena reflecting the real conditions in which these appliances operate. As a standard, circle or rectangular ducts are used in ventilation systems. However, technical conditions during the installation of the HVAC system, due to the limitation of the assembly space, require often the use of channels with other geometries. This paper presents aeroacoustical parameters of three most common cross-sectional shapes of air-moving ductwork. The rectangular, square with roundedcorners and circular ducts were studied. The “natural” duct attenuation, which is a consequence of duct shape or noise breakout and involves a diminution of the internally propagated sound power was observed. Natural duct attenuation can be a useful way of reducing sound power levels in long runs of duct.
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Lei, Yue, Yuzhen Peng i Adrian Chong. "Indoor Environmental Quality assessment of mixed-mode ventilation with ceiling fans in the tropics". E3S Web of Conferences 396 (2023): 01086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202339601086.
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Mixed-mode ventilation in buildings has a potential for significant energy savings. However, previous attempts in the tropics were unsuccessful due to the hot and humid weather. Indeed, there is little to no natural ventilation potential in tropical climates if conventional air conditioning systems are used. Additionally, existing studies typically do not consider the noise and air quality constraints while the performance of mixed-mode buildings is susceptible to outdoor conditions. Using elevated air movement has proven to be an effective strategy to offset the rise in the room temperature setpoint without sacrificing occupants’ thermal comfort as it helps dissipate body heat through the convective cooling effect. Hence, this study aims at investigating the total indoor environment quality (IEQ) performance of mixed-mode ventilation operations with various air speeds based on tropically acclimatized subjects. To this end, a testbed was designed and constructed in Singapore, consisting of a variable air volume (VAV) system, ceiling fans with continuous speed control, personal ventilation (PV) desks, and plenum acoustic windows. Five operating modes have been tested: fully air-conditioned (AC) mode using VAV alone, hybrid air conditioned (AC+PV) mode using VAV and PV desks, concurrent ventilation (CV) mode using PV desks with the windows partially opened, natural ventilation (NV) mode with the windows fully opened, and acoustic natural ventilation (Acoustic NV) mode with the windows partially opened. 57 subjects were invited to the experiment and asked to complete a comprehensive IEQ survey under 16 different indoor conditions, which are combinations of these operating modes and air speeds ranging from 0.10 to 1.15 m/s. Experiment results show that NV and CV in Singapore can achieve more than 90% thermal acceptability with adequate air movement. More importantly, the median standard effective temperature (SET*) for thermal neutrality is approximately 3°C higher when operating in NV as compared to AC+PV or CV modes, indicating adaptation even when the modes switches are within the same day.
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TAN, Johann Kay Ann, i Siu-Kit LAU. "Generalization of noise insulation afforded by common window designs with active noise control exposed to moving noise source". INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 270, nr 10 (4.10.2024): 1108–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2024_2780.
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A window device that can provide noise insulation while maintaining natural ventilation is highly desirable and is especially sought after in heavily noise-polluted and hot-humid climates cities, such as Southeast Asian cities. However, a solution to provide such a window is non-trivial because the design principles guiding acoustics and ventilation are diametrically opposed. While louvre windows have traditionally been used in communal, healthcare, and some educational setting to provide a balance between acoustics and ventilation benefits, it is still sorely lacking to provide sufficient insertion loss without sacrificing ventilation entirely. A new plenum window design has recently garnered research and market interest to tackle the dichotomous problem. Additionally, the application of active noise control (ANC) in windows is gaining popularity and offers potential solutions to improve noise control without compromising ventilation. However, it remains unclear how different traditional and modern window designs compare in terms of their acoustic performance, especially when exposed to non-stationary noise sources such as urban traffic, a major noise pollutant. Thus, the present study seeks to provide a generalization of insertion loss provided by different window designs exposed to moving sources including a tangent study on ANC implementation via a time-domain approach.
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Aguilar, Antonio J., María L. de la Hoz-Torres, Mª Dolores Martínez-Aires i Diego P. Ruiz. "Monitoring and Assessment of Indoor Environmental Conditions after the Implementation of COVID-19-Based Ventilation Strategies in an Educational Building in Southern Spain". Sensors 21, nr 21 (30.10.2021): 7223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21217223.
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Since students and teachers spend much of their time in educational buildings, it is critical to provide good levels of indoor environmental quality (IEQ). The current COVID-19 pandemic has shown that maintaining a good indoor air quality level is an effective measure to control the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This study used sensors to monitor key IEQ factors and assess several natural ventilation scenarios in a classroom of the University of Granada. Subsequently, the IEQ factors (temperature, relative humidity, CO2 concentration, acoustic environment, and air velocity) were evaluated for the selected ventilation scenarios in the occupied classroom, and the field monitoring was carried out in two different assessment periods, winter and summer. The obtained results show that the CO2 concentration levels were well below the recommended limits. However, the maintenance of the recommended thermal and acoustic IEQ factors was significantly affected by the natural ventilation strategies (temperature and relative humidity values were very close to the outside values, and the background sound pressure level was over 35 dBA during the entire assessment). The proper measurements and careful selection of the appropriate ventilation scenarios become of utmost importance to ensure that the ventilation rates required by the health authorities are achieved.
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Kajitani, Keigo, Kiichiro Sawada, Thu Lan Nguyen i Bach Lien Trieu. "Development of ventilation and sound insulation materials by the multi-objective optimization". INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 268, nr 4 (30.11.2023): 4559–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2023_0650.
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Natural ventilation-based houses in tropical countries often suffer from poor acoustic performance. To address this issue, we developed ventilation and sound-absorbing materials using a multi-objective optimization program. The program was developed to design test specimens that optimize the sum of the flow velocities of all elements of the divided cylindrical 3D model for sound-absorbing ability and the sum of the flow velocities in the bottom elements of the model for ventilation ability, with the objective of maximizing both. By outputting the specimens using a 3D printer, we were able to select materials suitable for the installation environment without requiring individual design changes. In this report, we focus on improving the sound insulation rate by refining the objective functions used to create the specimens. We measured the transmission loss using a self-made impedance tube and the 4mic method and verified the validity of our programming results by comparing them with those of laboratory experiments. Our approach has the potential to improve the acoustic performance of natural ventilation-based houses in tropical countries, making them more comfortable and conducive to living and working.
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TOCHON-DANGUY, Samuel, Charlotte LAFFONT i Adrien CLEMENT. "Acoustic Natural Ventilation Openings - OVNA : How to get rid of the impossible choice between too much heat inside or too much noise !" INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 270, nr 7 (4.10.2024): 4110–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2024_3415.
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Due to global warming, summer comfort in buildings is a prime issue, and so is indoor air quality. Natural ventilation is encouraged by "low-carbon" approaches to cool the buildings and reduce air-conditioning. However, remaining free constructible areas in dense cities are mainly noisy, and the inhabitants should not be forced to choose between too much heat inside or too much noise ! The first step is to anticipate buildings' façades " eligibility for natural ventilation through opened windows ", depending on their exposure to the forecoming noise sources. Since 2015 LASA has been carrying R&D on " Acoustic Natural Ventilation Openings - OVNAs" which aims to bring great amounts of fresh air in the buildings, for cooling and ventilate them without allowing noise inside ! It implies to develop accurate exposure models for "noise peaks" which cause sleep or work disturbances, and anticipate the required noise reductions for each windows. On the basis of this work, and an ongoing PhD at LASA, we seized the opportunity to build two OVNA prototypes and to carry out listening sessions and acoustic/thermal measurements. Theses experiments have enabled LASA to confirm the OVNA's performances (sound attenuation, etc.) and improve the modelisation and assessing methods.
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Lu, King Kwong, Maurice Yeung, Kit Wong i Fanni Lin. "Development on acoustic louvre to enhance the noise reduction performance of acoustic balconies". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 154, nr 4_supplement (1.10.2023): A86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0022886.
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A balcony in a domestic flat provides residents an outdoor living space as well as better ventilation to improve indoor air quality. However, balcony door when open for natural ventilation will allow outdoor noise transmit into the residential flat. Innovative acoustic balcony design by installation of sound absorptive panels onto the balcony ceiling and side walls of balcony has been implemented in Hong Kong for mitigating road traffic noise. Recently, combined balcony with an extension of utility platform for installation of air-conditioning outdoor unit has become popular. However, the parapet of the extension used a three-sided air grille with 70% permeability for heat dissipation purpose. Acoustically, the issue is noise leakage through the air grille comparing to a solid parapet. This paper discusses the development of acoustic louvres to replace the air grille in order to improve the noise reduction abilities of acoustic combined balconies. Several acoustic louvres of different configuration are developed. Validation of improvement in noise reduction of the acoustic combined balcony in a mock-up flat is conducted in accordance with ISO 16283-3.
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Ulum, Muhammad S., Wenny Arminda, Maqbul Kamaruddin i Widi Dwi Satria. "Ventilation Performance of Air Duct in Double Loaded Corridor Building: A Case Study". Civil Engineering Journal 9, nr 10 (1.10.2023): 2445–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2023-09-10-06.
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Buildings with double-loaded corridor types are often found in Indonesia and generally function as offices or lecture rooms. This type of building is popular because of its efficient circulation path to accommodate the movement of occupants. However, a wall separating the room from the corridor makes it impossible to put windows to implement a cross-ventilation system due to acoustic problems. Hence, to achieve indoor thermal comfort, this type of building relies on using an air conditioning (AC) system. However, with the WHO's call to reduce the use of AC during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary to evaluate cross-ventilation in double-loaded corridor buildings to meet comfort standards while still preventing acoustic problems due to noise from corridors and other spaces. The study proposes a new natural ventilation system using air ducts placed above the corridor ceiling to create cross-ventilation in lecture buildings. The E-ITERA building was chosen as a case study in this research. The building has a glass facade with several small windows that can be opened outside. The corridor of this building is designed with openings at both ends, allowing for direct connection to the outside air. The walls facing the passage have a single door and four small ventilations on the aisle's upper side. Simulations were carried out in two classrooms on the 3rd floor using CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) software. Experiments were carried out to change the size of the air duct and the size of the ventilation on the wall that leads to the corridor. The results showed that the air duct was able to create cross-ventilation. Ventilation performance is improved when the WWR air duct is the same as the WWR window. The highest air velocity in the centre of the room is 0.6 m/s. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-10-06 Full Text: PDF
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Ang, Linus Yinn Leng, Fangsen Cui, Kian-Meng Lim i Heow Pueh Lee. "A Systematic Review of Emerging Ventilated Acoustic Metamaterials for Noise Control". Sustainability 15, nr 5 (24.02.2023): 4113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15054113.
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As sustainability is one of the main pillars in developing future cities, adopting natural ventilation whenever possible is one way to reduce energy consumption, thus indirectly reducing carbon dioxide emissions. Lately, ventilated acoustic metamaterials have started to receive more research attention because of how they can provide both ventilation and noise control. Motivated by this research attention, we present this timely systematic review of emerging ventilated acoustic metamaterials for noise control. By limiting the review to a five-year coverage (2018–2023), three kinds of ventilated acoustic metamaterials were identified—metamufflers, metapanels, and metacages. Based on the studies included in this review, we discuss the present challenges of metacages. More research efforts are still needed to see real-world applications of metacages as a novel ventilated noise control measure in the future.
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Granzotto, Nicola. "Optimization of Controlled Mechanical Ventilation Systems for Indoor Acoustic Comfort". Designs 5, nr 3 (2.08.2021): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/designs5030048.
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The indoor air quality inside living spaces is a fundamental factor in providing adequate comfort. In order to do this, a minimum air exchange must be ensured. This can be obtained by means of natural or mechanical ventilation or using the Controlled Mechanical Ventilation system (CMV). CMV ensures better energy performance, as in the winter period, the warm air that comes out of the building preheats the cold air that enters, and the opposite occurs in the summer period. A possible problem with CMV is the noise of the fans due to the movement of air and to the electric motor rotation. This work presents the results of acoustic measurements performed on an apartment equipped with CMV, operating in a single and simultaneous mode. Acoustic simulations are also presented using raytracing software on three typical apartments. The acoustic simulation carried out using an adequately calibrated 3D model has proved to be a valid support for the study of noise in rooms connected by doors and corridors. By differentiating the fan speed of the CMV, a considerable acoustic comfort improvement was obtained in the bedrooms and in the living room/kitchen. Class I for living rooms and class I or II for bedrooms according to the EN 16798-1 standard were achieved through speed optimization.
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Biler, Ahmet, Aslihan Unlu Tavil, Yuehong Su i Naghman Khan. "A Review of Performance Specifications and Studies of Trickle Vents". Buildings 8, nr 11 (6.11.2018): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings8110152.
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The air quality of indoor spaces is the most significant parameter in providing a healthy living environment. Low indoor air quality (IAQ) leads to Sick Building Syndrome—one of the major reasons for labor loss in office buildings. The fundamental measure to ensure indoor air quality is ventilation, which includes two basic types: mechanical ventilation and natural ventilation. Natural ventilation is an exchange of stale indoor air with fresh outdoor air by means of a pressure difference due to wind and/or stack effect. Trickle Vents, known also as background ventilators, are natural ventilation devices which can be integrated into façades or window systems as an alternative to operable vents, specifically in high-rise buildings. The major design criteria of Trickle Vents are ventilation capacity, controllability, actuation, thermal insulation, air permeability, water tightness, climatic adaptation, security, and acoustic attenuation. Other important parameters in Trickle Vents design are positioning, equivalent area, and control strategy. This paper aims to review all these aspects, particularly with reference to building regulations and commercial products. Furthermore, simulation, experimental, monitoring, and survey studies of Trickle Vents are also discussed. This literature review is presented from the perspective of performance parameters, control strategies, positioning, etc., with an aim to provide a comprehensive overview of such technology.
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SHTREPI, Louena, Andrea GERBOTTO, Fabio FAVOINO i Arianna ASTOLFI. "Sound insulation characterisation of innovative natural ventilated façade in the context of living lab installations". INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 270, nr 1 (4.10.2024): 10094–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2024_4388.
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Building acoustic standards like EN 14351 and ISO 10140 regulate the measurement of sound insulation of transparent elements, with indications of the test sample dimensions, test conditions, and criterions of adaptations of the results to different on-site conditions. However, given the research on innovative transparent building envelope including internal ventilation as double skin facades, these methodologies present limitations related to the characterization of the high variability of operating conditions in real in-field conditions. To this aim the acoustic performance could be explored with more flexible methods inside the multi-domain context of Living Labs, which present an opportunity for multiple characterizations and testing costs reduction. This work investigates the possibility of using the sound-intensity probe method to evaluate the airborne sound insulation of a transparent building element with internal ventilation. For this purpose, a comparative measurement campaign has been performed on the same building element installed in two Living Labs. The results show good compatibility between the different measurements and scales supporting the application of this methodology for comparative studies in the perspective of innovative building components measurements, and the application in Living Labs.
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Fusaro, Gioia, Massimo Garai i Jian Kang. "Broadband potential optimisation of a full scale acoustic metawindow performance." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 265, nr 3 (1.02.2023): 4032–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2022_0574.
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Noise control and airflow in duct-like systems are among some of the most interesting applications to conjugate AMMs innovation and sustainability. Specifically applied to the built environment, they opened up a new field of research supporting indoor wellbeing, sanitised environments, and public activities. Previous research conducted by the authors has proved AMM based window to be a resourceful way to address both natural ventilation and reduce the incoming noise propagation; however, the effective spectral range did not cover lower frequencies (50-350 Hz). For this reason, in the presented paper, implementation in the AMM unit geometry was performed over a full-scale acoustic metawindow (AMW). The resonating volume has been enhanced (by 200% of the original one) and coupled with a set of lateral flanks. Numerical analysis through FEM proved that on a range of opening ratio from 3 to 33%, the TL related to the window is improved overall of the 70% on the frequency range from 50 to 350 Hz. Such results encourage the use of new AMMs ergonomic windows in place of standard ones to achieve both natural ventilation and noise attenuation from 50 to 5k Hz, being resourceful for domestic, sanitary, and public applications.
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Zaniboni, Luca, i Rossano Albatici. "Natural and Mechanical Ventilation Concepts for Indoor Comfort and Well-Being with a Sustainable Design Perspective: A Systematic Review". Buildings 12, nr 11 (15.11.2022): 1983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12111983.
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Current literature and guidelines on sustainable design often debate on the advantages of natural ventilation (NV) and mechanical ventilation (MV) on indoor environment and energy consumption. The present systematic review explores the existing literature comparing NV and MV on the indoor comfort and well-being points of view. The findings emphasize that thermo-hygrometric comfort is the main driver of occupants’ ventilation behavior, while ventilation design is mainly led by indoor air quality targets. Moreover, more recent papers (especially after COVID-19 outbreak) emphasize the necessity of a health-based approach, contrasting airborne pathogens transmission. In this sense, MV is more frequently recommended in public spaces, while hybrid ventilation (HV) is often suggested as a solution to both ensure proper indoor conditions and energy savings. The concept of well-being is currently under-explored, as the present literature only refers to comfort. The same happens with topics such as visual, acoustic, and multi-domain comfort, as well as passive techniques such as night cooling, or analysis of specific environments such as healthcare facilities. Current knowledge would benefit from an expansion of future research in these directions. The choice of the best ventilation solution cannot ignore the context, type, and condition of energy efficient buildings, in order to properly take into account occupants’ well-being.
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Lee, Heow Pueh. "Reconfigurable sonic crystals with built-in Helmholtz's resonators for noise mitigation". INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 268, nr 7 (30.11.2023): 1102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2023_0166.
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Natural ventilation is desirable for improving the air quality against airborne transmission of viruses. On the other hand, a good noise barrier would not have any opening for effective noise mitigation as noise can enter the space with the natural ventilation. The use of noise shields and noise barriers for shielding a piece of noisy machine may also drastically cut down the natural ventilation which will be required for preventing heat built-up in the engine room. In this paper, acoustic metamaterials in the form of sonic crystals with built-in Helmholtz's resonators are designed for targeting the mitigation of mid to low frequency noise. The designs can be made reconfigurable with different distribution of sonic crystal elements. These sonic crystals are designed to target noise of different frequencies and also to provide sufficient structural support for large scale implementation. The designs can be used for providing a quieter corner for the occupants within a noisy environment, or to confine the noise from a machine or process within the sonic crystals.
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Harvie-Clark, Jack, Nick Conlan, Nicholas Dobinson i Rupert Kazlauciunas. "A new Building Regulation for overheating: practical considerations for the acoustic constraints". INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 265, nr 2 (1.02.2023): 5235–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2022_0764.
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A new Building Regulation to mitigate overheating applies in England from June 2022. A requirement of the regulation is that the strategy to mitigate overheating must be usable, considering occupants' safety and comfort. If internal noise levels exceed 40 dBA Lnight, or 55 dB LAmax more than 10 times a night, then windows cannot be assumed to be open during the night time period. This paper discusses a triage process to consider the noise risk, the practical methods and uncertainties in the noise survey, environmental noise modelling, calculation of facade sound insulation with windows sufficiently open to mitigate overheating, and demonstrating compliance. Potential solutions for natural ventilation and mechanically assisted ventilation are outlined. Until now, the environmental noise impact on new dwellings has been controlled through the planning regime, where environmental health officers have acoustics expertise. The Building Regulations are enforced by building control officers, who may have little or no training in acoustics. More than 30 % of existing dwellings in the UK are exposed noise levels that may preclude reliance on opening windows to mitigate overheating in future dwellings.
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Jin, Yue, i Ning Zhang. "Comprehensive Assessment of Thermal Comfort and Indoor Environment of Traditional Historic Stilt House, a Case of Dong Minority Dwelling, China". Sustainability 13, nr 17 (6.09.2021): 9966. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13179966.
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The stilt house is one of the most representative of Chinese architecture among national minority traditional dwellings, most of which are located in mountainous regions whose climate is characterized by hot summers and cold winters. Moreover, it is widely distributed in Southeast Asian countries, such as Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, etc., as well as tropics like Hawaii, Guam. These kinds of dwellings have unique architectural aesthetics as well as high climate adaptability. However, because of their remote locations and rapid disappearance in urbanization, few studies have focused on their real indoor environment and thermal comfort. More studies were engaged in their architectural aesthetics and space patterns. In this study, based on the measurement and evaluation of residential natural lighting, ventilation, air quality, and thermal comfort in traditional stilt Dong village houses, the air temperature, humidity, CO2 and PM2.5 concentrations, wind speed, direction, and other variables are monitored and analyzed. Results show that the inhabitants have a higher thermal comfort adaptation than urban residents under natural ventilation. Meanwhile, the humidity of Dong stilt dwelling can reach a satisfactory level within 24 h except for the morning period. The satisfaction of the acoustic environment needs to be improved via reasonable structural maintenance.
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Maciel, M. A., G. A. Zuffi i M. A. V. Duarte. "MODELING AND OPTMIZATION POWER REQUIREMENTS OF ACTIVE ACOUSTIC LOUVRES". Revista de Engenharia Térmica 14, nr 2 (31.12.2015): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/reterm.v14i2.62138.
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The development of new technologies for ventilated facades is within the context of energy efficiency of buildings , including the compatibility of the dichotomy between natural ventilation and soundproofing in tropical countries . Given this perspective, this work proposes the application of techniques for active noise control in acoustic louvers . One limitation of the spread of technical active noise control in buildings is the energy inherent in the technique. Thus, the proposed system is based on the reduction of structural vibrations of the shutter blades by using piezoelectric actuators . The acoustic transmission loss and energy requirements for active shutters are investigated from numerical modeling . The results suggest their technical feasibility with superior soundproofing to 30 dB and power consumption less than 35 W. Thus , the active noise control using piezoelectric actuators is presented as a promising technology , aligning soundproofing with low energy consumption Type the text of the abstract here, Times New Roman, 9, lower case letters, justified paragraphs, 1.0 line spacing. The abstract should state the objectives, methodology and main conclusions in 200 to 300 words. No not divide into paragraphs.
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Chu, Yijing, Ming Wu, Hongling Sun, Jun Yang i Mingyang Chen. "Some Practical Acoustic Design and Typical Control Strategies for Multichannel Active Noise Control". Applied Sciences 12, nr 4 (21.02.2022): 2244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12042244.
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Active noise control (ANC) systems usually involve a large number of loudspeakers and error microphones in order to achieve noise reduction over an extended region of space. Although fundamentals of ANC theory and principles of ANC methods have been well-established over the past 40 years, applications of this technology are facing new challenges. A larger quiet zone with better noise reduction performance is always desirable in a variety of real-life scenarios. This paper presents several important factors that affect the performance of multichannel ANC systems in some popular applications such as windows with natural ventilation and quiet-zone around heads. The factors affecting acoustic design include the reflection of a baffle plate, arrangement of error sensors in open areas, and so on. In addition, different control strategies are compared and analyzed, including centralized, decentralized, and distributed strategies. All these strategies are discussed from the signal processing side, which should be considered after a proper acoustic design. One of the important aims of this paper is to provide practical guidance for acoustic design and discuss several typical control strategies for multichannel ANC systems.
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Inoue, Mizuki. "Consideration of "Adaptive acoustic comfort" in Office with surveying current office". INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 268, nr 6 (30.11.2023): 2308–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2023_0340.
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Recently, some companies would like to have outdoor space or natural ventilation system in their office to save energy and prevent the spread of infectious diseases. Sometimes it is difficult to achieve the traditional target noise level in such spaces. However, it is very valuable for employees to be able to breathe fresh air, feel the breeze, and feel that the air is clean. Several surveys have shown that factors other than noise sometimes have a greater impact on space satisfaction. To design a comfortable space, we need to consider several factors while keeping the noise level acceptable in the building design. One of the factors that influence satisfaction is human adaptability. In the field of thermal comfort, thermal comfort in outdoor or semi-outdoor spaces is called "adaptive (thermal comfort) model". It is defined in EN152513 and ASHRAE 55-2013. This paper proposes to apply the idea of an adaptive (thermal comfort) model to acoustic comfort and consider an "adaptive (acoustic comfort) model" in an open-plan office.
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Curto, Domenico, Andrea Guercio i Vincenzo Franzitta. "Investigation on a Bio-Composite Material as Acoustic Absorber and Thermal Insulation". Energies 13, nr 14 (17.07.2020): 3699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13143699.
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In order to limit the anthropic emissions of CO2, research is currently investigating new materials for the building sector. The main purpose is the reduction in the embodied energy consumption, especially in the residential sector, and consequently the limitation of the direct and indirect utilization of fossil fuels, for the indoor heating, cooling, and ventilation services. Indeed, the residential sector is affected by a high energy demand, thus the choice of improved materials is fundamental to improve the sustainability. All phases: construction, building life, and dismantling are impacting in terms of resource and energy consumption, both associated with the emissions of pollutants in the atmosphere. The aim of this experimental research is to study the thermal insulation and the acoustic absorption of a material composed by natural lime, water, and shives from sativa hemp, a variety of hemp usable for industrial applications. In order to assess the main characteristics of this material, some specimens have been made according to required shapes and sizes to test them in specific machines. The results obtained from the tests are compared with the values of similar lime-based materials already available on the market. The comparison shows how, in certain aspects, the lime and hemp shives materials represent a concrete alternative to conventional materials. This completely natural material would like to achieve thermal and acoustic comfort in indoor environments.
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COOKE, J. T. "Natural ventilation and acoustic privacy in settlement cores: a review of window technology and night-time economy planning policy". INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 270, nr 1 (4.10.2024): 10263–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2024_4962.
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This study reviewed the potential of partially open windows to address the challenges of natural ventilation and night-time airborne noise within settlement cores. These areas, which often feature historic buildings, require sensitive interventions to balance the conservation of heritage with the need for liveable, sustainable cities. The 'night-time economy' (NTE) encompasses a diverse range of businesses, services, and events that operate beyond traditional daytime hours, such as restaurants, bars, nightclubs, entertainment venues, cultural events, and 24-hour services. Night-time noise disturbances can be detrimental to residents' health and well-being. A case study examined the solutions proposed by contemporary NTE planning policy to address night-time noise in settlement cores, particularly in instances where the expansion of NTE areas and extended trading hours are considered. No physical solution mitigation strategies for noise reduction were identified in the NTE policy, and only a management approach was proposed. This study examines the potential of innovative acoustically attenuated partially open windows as a strategic solution to airborne night-time noise pollution from a night-time economy. This solution may improve energy efficiency and sustainability in cities while allowing the night-time economy and residential areas to coexist more harmoniously.
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Ilfiani, Pratiwi Dian, Suprapto Siswosukarto i Djoko Sulistyo. "EVALUASI HUBUNGAN BIAYA INVESTASI TERHADAP KUALITAS KENYAMAN PADA PERUMAHAN". INERSIA: lNformasi dan Ekspose hasil Riset teknik SIpil dan Arsitektur 15, nr 2 (7.12.2019): 44–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/inersia.v15i2.28621.
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ABSTRACTThe demand for housing has never stopped because the population growth always increased. Technical Guidelines for the Construction of Healthy Houses issued by the Minister of Regional Regional Development states that a house as a place of residence must meet indoor health and comfort requirements which is influenced by lighting, airing, air temperature and humidity. This study uses natural lighting, natural ventilation, room humidity and acoustic comfort as variables. The object of this study is limited to the building area of a maximum of 70 m2 with four sample that maintain the original house shape from the design of the developer. Three out of four houses showed the relation between investment and indoor comfort, the higher investment improve indoor comfort. But, one of them showed different pattern, this is because the investment value is influenced by the accessibility of site and buildings.This study found that indoor comfort is influenced by design factors and micro climates. While home investment is influenced by the design and accessibility of site and buildings.Keywords: indoor comfort, lighting, natural ventilation, humidity, acoustic comfort ABSTRAK Tuntutan adanya sebuah rumah tidak pernah berhenti karena pertumbuhan penduduk yang selalu meningkat. Pedoman Teknis Pembangunan Rumah Sederhana Sehat yang dikeluarkan oleh Menteri Permukiman dan Prasarana Wilayah (2002) menyatakan bahwa rumah sebagai tempat tinggal yang memenuhi syarat kesehatan dan kenyamanan dipengaruhi aspek pencahayaan, penghawaan, serta suhu udara dan kelembaban dalam ruangan. Adapun variabel yang diangkat terdiri dari pencahayaan alami, penghawaan alami, kelembaban ruang dan kebisingan. Objek dari penelitian ini dibatasi pada dengan luas bangunan maksimal 70 m2 dengan empat sampel rumah yang mempertahankan bentuk rumah asli dari desain pengembang. Dari empat rumah, tiga diantara menunjukkan hubungan bahwa semakin tinggi investasi semakin baik kualitas kenyamanan di dalamnya. Akan tetapi satu diantaranya memperlihatkan pola yang berbeda, hal tersebut dikarenakan nilai investasi yang dipengaruhi oleh nilai aksesibilitas lahan dan bangunan. Penelitian ini pada akhirnya mendapatkan hasil bahwa kenyamanan dalam ruang dipengaruhi oleh faktor desain rumah dan iklim mikro. Sedangkan investasi rumah dipengaruhi oleh desain dan nilai aksesibilitas lahan dan bangunan. Kata kunci: kenyamanan dalam ruang, pencahayaan, penghawaan, kelembaban, kebisingan
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Manca, Sara, Veronica Cerina, Valentina Tobia, Simona Sacchi i Ferdinando Fornara. "The Effect of School Design on Users’ Responses: A Systematic Review (2008–2017)". Sustainability 12, nr 8 (23.04.2020): 3453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12083453.
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This systematic review focused on the effect of the educational environment design on students’ and teachers’ performance, satisfaction, and wellbeing. Starting from a bulk of 1307 articles, a set of N = 68 empirical papers was selected and organized on the basis of four different content clusters, i.e., architectural building design and aesthetic features, indoor environmental features, classroom design, and school green spaces/outdoor spaces. From the analysis of research findings, the key role of pleasant, warm, and flexible learning environments emerged, for promoting both wellbeing and performance of users. More specifically, the presence of charming colors and pictures, ergonomic furniture, and adequate acoustic, thermal comfort, ventilation, and natural lighting have emerged as important features that school designers should care for. Furthermore, an integration of both indoor and outdoor learning situations showed to be effective for improving students’ learning and wellbeing.
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Lahayrech, Safaa, Monica Siroux, Anas El Maakoul, Ismail Khay i Alain Degiovani. "A Review: Ventilated Double-skin Façades". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1050, nr 1 (1.07.2022): 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1050/1/012019.
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Abstract In the aim of reducing the effect of climate change on the environment, multiple energy efficient solutions have been developed in all energy-consuming sectors around the world, especially smart building design strategies in the building sector. One of these technologies are Ventilated Double-Skin Façades (VDFs), which use the thermal interaction between the external environment and the internal space of a building in order to reduce its heating or cooling loads and thus reduce the greenhouse gas emissions. They also offer multiple other benefits, depending on several parameters, including improving the building’s thermal and acoustic insulation, and providing natural ventilation and exposure to daylight. The goal of this paper is to provide a review of the available research on VDFs in literature, namely their thermal behavior, the parameters that influence it, and the main criteria used to categorize VDFs.
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Tang, SK, i Rudolf YC Lee. "Noise reduction of enhanced acoustic balconies on a high-rise building block". INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, nr 1 (1.08.2021): 5327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-3050.
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A new device called 'enhanced acoustic balcony' is installed in a new housing estate in Hong Kong. It is intended to help reduce the impact of traffic noise on the residents. This balcony is basically an enlarged form of a plenum window and with three openings. Apart from the outdoor air inlet, there is the balcony door and a side-hung window on the interior balcony wall for natural ventilation of the indoor space. Sound absorption of NRC 0.7 is installed on the balcony ceiling and its sidewall facing the incoming traffic noise and an inclined panel is installed outside the balcony to provide noise screening. A site measurement of its noise reduction is carried out in the present study in a newly completed housing block. A 28 m long loudspeaker array is used as the sound source. The indoor noise levels are measured according to ISO standard. The results show that the difference between indoor and outdoor noise levels in the presence of this balcony form varies over a relatively narrow range between 10 to 13 dBA for an elevation angle from 25 to 60 deg. There is a weak increase of the noise level difference with elevation angle.
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Ordóñez, Jose Manuel Bautista, i Maria Alzira de Araújo Nunes. "Component Mode Synthesis Method Applied to Acoustic Resonators in Ducts for Structural Vibration Analysis". International Journal of Acoustics and Vibration 25, nr 4 (30.12.2020): 498–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.20855/ijav.2020.25.41638.
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Tubular structural systems appear in many industrial applications, such as heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems, which are responsible for making any enclosed environment remain within a temperature, humidity, and cleanliness range. This kind of system has its applications in the internal environmental comfort of industrial spaces, buildings, and vehicles. Several of these spaces have industrial processes that generate high sound frequencies and mechanical vibrations that need to be adequately controlled to meet both environmental and health norms. With the intention to analyze the structural vibration of tubular systems, the modal analysis technique is a classical methodology for the extraction of natural frequencies and vibration modes. Among the various techniques of modal analysis, numerical methodologies such as the finite element method, and also analytical methodologies such as the Component Mode Synthesis (CMS) can be found. CMS is one of the leading modeling tools for complex systems that are applied to large systems. The method uses a modal superset and consists of separately modeling individual components of a structure and coupling them into a single system. The objective of this work is to demonstrate the application of the CMS technique through the estimation of natural frequencies and vibration modes in a simplified tubular structural system formed by two substructures, using MATLAB and ANSYS. The validation of the results was done through numerical modeling using the finite element method using and ANSYS software. The results obtained were satisfactory, thus demonstrating the feasibility of applying the CMS technique to an analysis of structural vibration in tubular structural systems.
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Chan, Isabelle Y. S., i Hao Chen. "Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multigroup Structural Equation Modelling of Underground Space Environment and Users’ Health". Buildings 13, nr 5 (18.05.2023): 1321. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13051321.
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Due to the inherent limitations of underground spaces, such as the lack of natural ventilation and sunlight, underground space users tend to face more health risks compared with their aboveground counterparts. However, little is known about how the underground environment, users’ health, and their associations were impacted by the outbreak of the pandemic. In this study, we investigated and compared the impacts of the general underground environment on regular users’ physical and psychological health before and after the pandemic. To achieve this aim, the data from 525 surveys were collected from eleven underground sites, followed by an objective field measurement study conducted at five underground sites in Hong Kong pre- and post-outbreak of the pandemic. The multigroup structural equation modelling results indicated that: (i) surprisingly, the users’ satisfaction towards almost all underground environment factors, including greenery, connectivity with the aboveground environment, thermal comfort, ventilation, indoor air quality, acoustic comfort, and lighting, excluding wayfinding, were significantly higher in the post-outbreak period; (ii) the users’ health, both physical and psychological, was significantly better in the post-outbreak period; (iii) the impacts of visual comfort on the users’ physical and psychological health were significantly greater in the post-outbreak period (critical difference ratio (|CDR|) > 1.96); (iv) the impacts of wayfinding, greenery, and acoustic and thermal comfort on the users’ physical or psychological health were significant only in the pre-outbreak period (|CDR| > 1.96); (v) the impacts of connectivity on the users’ physical and psychological health were significant in both the pre- and post-outbreak periods (|CDR| < 1.96). The findings were further cross-validated using the objective measurement results. With an increasing need to develop healthy underground spaces, the study contributes to the development, design, and management of the underground environment to enhance the users’ health in the post-outbreak era.
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Meyer, J., i B. Hedwig. "The influence of tracheal pressure changes on the responses of the tympanal membrane and auditory receptors in the locust Locusta migratoria L." Journal of Experimental Biology 198, nr 6 (1.06.1995): 1327–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.198.6.1327.
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In resting tethered locusts, the effect of slow changes in tracheal air pressure on peripheral auditory information processing was analysed. The tympanal membrane vibrations, the pressure inside the tracheal system and the summed activity of the auditory receptors were measured simultaneously. With the membrane in the resting position, laser vibrometry and Fast Fourier Transformation analysis of sound-induced membrane vibrations demonstrated characteristic power spectra at the attachment sites of the high-frequency and low-frequency receptors. The spectra were different above 9 kHz, but very similar in the range 2­9 kHz. During ventilation, tracheal pressure changed between -500 and 1500 Pa. This caused tympanal membrane peak-to-peak displacements in the range 70­90 µm outwards and 20­30 µm inwards, as measured by means of laser interferometry. For a quantitative analysis, sinusoidal tympanal membrane displacements with amplitudes such as those during natural ventilation could be induced by applying pressure to the tracheal system. There was a sigmoid relationship between the tracheal pressure and the corresponding membrane displacement. Outward displacements of the tympanal membrane at the attachment site of the elevated process (a-cells) attenuated sound-induced membrane vibrations in the ranges 2­10 kHz and 14­22 kHz and increased them in the ranges 10­14 kHz and 22­25 kHz. At the pyriform vesicle (d-cells), the vibration sensitivity was reduced in the frequency range 2­14 kHz. Sensitivity was enhanced in the range 14­25 kHz. As a consequence, the detection of acoustic signals was also influenced at the auditory receptor level. Tympanal membrane displacements during acoustic stimulation with 4 kHz sound pulses decreased the summed receptor response by approximately 15 dB. At 16 kHz, an increase of the response equivalent to 7 dB occurred. The effect on the response to white noise was intermediate.
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Gültekin, Aysenur, i Jihyun Park. "A Comparative Study on the Sustainable Evaluation of DGNB and G-SEED Focusing on IEQ Enhancement". Buildings 13, nr 10 (7.10.2023): 2538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13102538.
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This paper aims to compare the sustainability assessment methods of DGNB and G-SEED, the two domestic green building rating systems, focusing on indoor environmental evaluation and reviewing recent laws, certifications systems, and guidelines from Germany and South Korea. According to existing studies, Korea’s green building certification has similar evaluation items, environmental (62.6%), social aspects (25.4%), and economic aspects (3.0%) compared with DGNB. Continuing research comparing DGNB and G-SEED, this paper will present an insight into the DGNB and G-SEED green building rating systems’ aspects and motives; furthermore, we intend to equate the sustainability assessment methods of the DGNB and G-SEED certification systems, in order to improve certification systems by comparing and finding solutions to differences, thereby making international systems more adaptable to each country. This analysis will unify property categorization systems and will promote green building and sustainable development globally. Findings: Regarding similarities and differences, the certification criteria for air, thermal, visual/light, and acoustic quality are based on domestic laws in both countries. DGNB and G-SEED are similar in terms of the requirements but differ in methods and domestic laws. Some findings regarding differences are that DGNB requires low VOC-emitting products, while G-SEED focuses on natural ventilation. Thermal comfort is measured through design-phase simulation in DGNB, while G-SEED lighting is evaluated on the basis of saving light energy. Finally, in G-SEED, acoustic quality is measured via indoor soundproofing performance, while DGNB takes room size into account.
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Ye, Changqing, Linfeng Yao, Yuan Meng, Yu Zhang i Guoqing He. "Post-Occupancy Evaluation of Green Technologies for a High-Rise Building Based on User Experience". Sustainability 14, nr 15 (3.08.2022): 9538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159538.
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Post-occupancy evaluations of buildings help us understand the effectiveness of building designs. Most of such evaluations focus on the overall building performance and on the indoor air environment, and few focus on individual technologies. In this paper, we report a user experience-based evaluation on multiple green technologies applied in a high-rise building constructed 17 years ago. These technologies include a circular building design, innovative floor plans, a corridor-type, double-skin facade with cavity shading, and three-dimensional greening design. Data were obtained through a questionnaire for the building occupants and on-site measurements of environmental variables. The results show that the occupants were most satisfied with the three-dimensional greening, natural lighting and ventilation in the public spaces, and the sound and thermal environment of the rooms with the double facade. They were not satisfied with room ventilation, solar shading, or lighting adjustment provided by the double facade. In addition, the aesthetic appearance of the circular building was not recognized by the occupants, who appeared to pay more attention to its space efficiency than the external appearance. This was true especially for older occupants. The users expressed a strong demand for outdoor leisure spaces and green vegetation. However, the practicality and functionality of three-dimensional greening, along with the interference of the glass curtain wall on vegetation growth, calls for more attention to the design. The female occupants were found to be more sensitive to the thermal and acoustic environment. Based on these results, we provide recommendations on the maintenance of the building and the future design of these measures.
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Ilter, Sertaç, i S. Müjdem Vural. "Cross Method and Design Process for DSF Elements". Open House International 42, nr 4 (1.12.2017): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-04-2017-b0005.
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The double-skin façade (DSF) is one of the most crucial paradigms of building envelope design in last decades. DSF prospects a unified architectural phenomenon based on comfort rank of building driven by the dogmas of aesthetic-glass façade and practical-natural ventilation aspirations. Therefore, the utilization of DSF has been the most prevalent catalyst for architectural design. The study discusses to structure a valid evaluation method focusing on DSF elements in order to fragment human comfort standards within asserting an accurate system in the preliminary design stage. The study significantly examines the tools/ways of integrating DSFs' human comfort parameters in contemporary architecture though a convincing design system. Apparently, the study aims to provide a proposed guideline within a established analyzing system for architects in order to better formation of DSF elements; which refers and promote the human comfort standards. The results demonstrate a modest insight on understanding the potentials of DSF elements in the early design stage significantly following defined architectural conceptions; cooling, lighting, thermal, acoustic and visual comfort intensity. Based on obtained data; study aims to enclose a diminutive knowledge or demonstration of how the concept might work for future development of contemporary architecture within DSF area.
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Miao, Dan, Xiaodong Cao i Wenxin Zuo. "Associations of Indoor Environmental Quality Parameters with Students’ Perceptions in Undergraduate Dormitories: A Field Study in Beijing during a Transition Season". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, nr 24 (17.12.2022): 16997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416997.
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A healthy and comfortable dormitory environment is crucial to the quality of students’ daily lives. In this field study, the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) parameters of undergraduate dormitories in Beijing were measured, while questionnaire surveys were conducted to evaluate the corresponding subjective perceptions of students. Integrated environmental monitoring kits were used to collect temperature, relative humidity, CO2, PM2.5, PM10, TVOC, formaldehyde, and noise data in the investigated dormitories, during the transition season from winter to spring. Questionnaires and scales were distributed to obtain the students’ subjective perceptions of and satisfaction with the IEQ, and their health and well-being status. The measured IEQ data showed that the thermal environment tended to be warm and dry during the heating period. The CO2 concentrations seriously exceeded standard levels due to insufficient indoor natural ventilation. Noise exposure could sometimes interfere with students’ rest. The students’ overall satisfaction with the dormitory environment was low, especially in terms of air quality and acoustic environment. The unsatisfactory IEQ factors have led to several health symptoms, poor sleep quality, and slightly lower well-being. Correlations were found between the IEQ parameters and the corresponding subjective perceptions and satisfaction levels. It was speculated that students’ satisfaction and well-being could be effectively improved by appropriately adjusting the corresponding IEQ parameters.
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Ceylan, Salih. "Healthy Workspaces: Strategies for Increasing the Indoor Environmental Quality at Call Centre Interiors for Employee Wellbeing and Productivity". BUILDER 284, nr 3 (24.02.2021): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.7430.
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Indoor environmental quality is a requirement for good architectural and interior design. The definition of indoor environmental quality refers to the conditions of the interior space that provide health and wellbeing for its occupants. Elements of indoor environmental quality are thermal comfort, indoor air quality, ventilation, ergonomics, natural and artificial lighting, odor, and acoustic quality. Indoor environmental quality is required in every type of interior space including ones with residential, educational, and cultural functions and workspaces. It is also included as one of the factors of energy efficient and sustainable design in building energy certification and accreditation systems. This study focuses on call center interiors as a type of workspaces, where the employees spend a long time in the interior space communicating with customers on the phone. The aim is to provide theoretical information and practical application suggestions for higher quality design in call center interiors. The methodology of this paper consists firstly of a literature review to study and analyze the definition and elements of indoor environmental quality, and its implementation into call center interiors as workspaces. Analytical studies lead to strategy proposals for better designed call center interior spaces. The results of the study indicate that better designed interior spaces in call centers lead to better health and wellbeing of the employees, resulting with higher performance and service quality.
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Ye, Jiacheng, Jing Zhang, Yuebing Wang i Peng Zhao. "A Numerical Investigation of Supercavitation Vehicle’s Hydrodynamic Noise". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, nr 5 (8.05.2023): 1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11051004.
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This paper presents the simulation results of the acoustic field around an underwater supercavitation vehicle under various operating conditions and analyzes the cavitation phenomenon and the hydrodynamic noise spectrum. Regarding the ventilated cavitation phenomenon, the simulation shows that low vehicle speed can reduce the threshold of the ventilated supercavitation, and high background pressure can enhance the stability of the supercavitation structure. As for hydrodynamic noise, firstly, the simulation results reveal that when cavitation occurs, the noise spectrum exhibits several characteristic peaks near 1 kHz and between 3 and 10 kHz. The overall noise amplitude demonstrates a descending trend between 10 and 40 kHz. Further, under natural cavitation conditions, a characteristic peak is detectable between 40 and 80 kHz. The influence of the operating conditions on the noise is essentially achieved by altering the scale of the cavitation flow: with the growth of the bubble flow scale, the noise between 3 and 10 kHz first increases and then decreases due to its own pulsation and the masking effect, while the noise between 10 to 40 kHz substantially reduces. On the other hand, if the scale expansion of bubble flow is related to the increase of ventilation flow, the noise amplitude near 1 kHz will increase significantly. These results provide theoretical support for studying the supercavitation vehicles’ noise and applying the ventilated supercavitation technology.