Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „ACCUFET”
Kliknij ten link, aby zobaczyć inne rodzaje publikacji na ten temat: ACCUFET.
Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych
Sprawdź 50 najlepszych rozpraw doktorskich naukowych na temat „ACCUFET”.
Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.
Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.
Przeglądaj rozprawy doktorskie z różnych dziedzin i twórz odpowiednie bibliografie.
1
Linewih, Handoko, i h. linewih@griffith edu au. "Design and Application of SiC Power MOSFET". Griffith University. School of Microelectronic Engineering, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20030506.013152.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This thesis focuses on the design of high voltage MOSFET on SiC and its application in power electronic systems. Parameters extraction for 4H SiC MOS devices is the main focus of the first topic developed in this thesis. Calibration of two-dimensional (2-D) device and circuit simulators (MEDICI and SPICE) with state-of-the-art 4H SiC MOSFETs data are performed, which includes the mobility parameter extraction. The experimental data were obtained from lateral N-channel 4H SiC MOSFETs with nitrided oxide-semiconductor interfaces, exhibiting normal mobility behavior. The presence of increasing interface-trap density (Dit) toward the edge of the conduction band is included during the 2-D device simulation. Using measured distribution of interface-trap density for simulation of the transfer characteristics leads to good agreement with the experimental transfer characteristic. The results demonstrate that both MEDICI and SPICE simulators can be used for design and optimization of 4H SiC MOSFETs and the circuits utilizing these MOSFETs. Based on critical review of SiC power MOSFETs, a new structure of SiC accumulation-mode MOSFET (ACCUFET) designed to address most of the open issues related to MOS interface is proposed. Detailed analysis of the important design parameters of the novel structure is performed using MEDICI with the parameter set used in the calibration process. The novel structure was also compared to alternative ACCUFET approaches, specifically planar and trench-gate ACCUFETs. The comparison shows that the novel structure provides the highest figure of merit for power devices. The analysis of circuit advantages enabled by the novel SiC ACCUFET is given in the final part of this thesis. The results from circuit simulation show that by utilizing the novel SiC ACCUFET the operating frequency of the circuit can be increased 10 times for the same power efficiency of the system. This leads to dramatic improvements in size, weight, cost and thermal management of power electronic systems.
2
Linewih, Handoko. "Design and Application of SiC Power MOSFET". Thesis, Griffith University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367638.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This thesis focuses on the design of high voltage MOSFET on SiC and its application in power electronic systems. Parameters extraction for 4H SiC MOS devices is the main focus of the first topic developed in this thesis. Calibration of two-dimensional (2-D) device and circuit simulators (MEDICI and SPICE) with state-of-the-art 4H SiC MOSFETs data are performed, which includes the mobility parameter extraction. The experimental data were obtained from lateral N-channel 4H SiC MOSFETs with nitrided oxide-semiconductor interfaces, exhibiting normal mobility behavior. The presence of increasing interface-trap density (Dit) toward the edge of the conduction band is included during the 2-D device simulation. Using measured distribution of interface-trap density for simulation of the transfer characteristics leads to good agreement with the experimental transfer characteristic. The results demonstrate that both MEDICI and SPICE simulators can be used for design and optimization of 4H SiC MOSFETs and the circuits utilizing these MOSFETs. Based on critical review of SiC power MOSFETs, a new structure of SiC accumulation-mode MOSFET (ACCUFET) designed to address most of the open issues related to MOS interface is proposed. Detailed analysis of the important design parameters of the novel structure is performed using MEDICI with the parameter set used in the calibration process. The novel structure was also compared to alternative ACCUFET approaches, specifically planar and trench-gate ACCUFETs. The comparison shows that the novel structure provides the highest figure of merit for power devices. The analysis of circuit advantages enabled by the novel SiC ACCUFET is given in the final part of this thesis. The results from circuit simulation show that by utilizing the novel SiC ACCUFET the operating frequency of the circuit can be increased 10 times for the same power efficiency of the system. This leads to dramatic improvements in size, weight, cost and thermal management of power electronic systems.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Microelectronic Engineering
Full Text
3
Brink, Ronelle Bonita. "The child accused in the criminal justice system". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1229.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The high level of crime in South Africa raises the question about the failures of the criminal justice system on the one hand, and South Africa’s social policies on the other. Young people in South Africa can disproportionately be both victims and perpetrators of crime in the Republic of South Africa. The child accused in conflict with the law is dealt with in much the same way as their adult counterparts, as the criminal justice system was designed by adults for adults. South Africa became a signatory to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child 19891(hereinafter referred to as UNCRC) on 16 June 1995. The UNCRC provides a backdrop to section 28 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Act.2 Article 3(1) of the UNCRC provides as follows: “in all actions concerning children, whether undertaken by public or private social welfare institutions, courts of law, administrative authorities or legislative bodies, the best interests of the child shall be primary consideration.” South Africa is therefore according to article 40(3) of the UNCRC obliged to “establish laws, procedures, authorities and institutions specifically applicable to children in conflict with the law”.3 In terms of article 40(1) of the UNCRC “State Parties recognise the right of every child alleged as, accused of, or recognised as having infringed the penal law to be treated in a manner consistent with the promotion of the child’s sense of dignity and worth, which reinforces the child’s respect for the human rights and fundamental freedoms of others and which takes into account the child’s age and the desirability of promoting the child’s reintegration and the child’s assuming a constructive role in society.”4 1 Adopted by the General Assembly resolution 44/25 on 20 November 1989. 2 The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Act, Act 108 of 1996. Hereinafter referred to as the “Constitution”. 3 South Law Reform Commission Discussion Paper 96. 4 United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child adopted by the General Assembly resolution 44/25 on 20 November 1989. iv Synopsis 2003 states that “the Ratification of the UNCRC by the South African government in 1995 set the scene for broad-reaching policy and legislative change”.5 The Constitution includes a section protecting children’s rights, which includes the statement that children have the right not to be detained except as a measure of last resort and then for the shortest appropriate period of time, separate from adults and in conditions that take account of his/her age. 6 After being off Parliament’s agenda since 2003, the Child Justice Act7 has recently been reintroduced. The Act aims to ensure consistent, fair and appropriate treatment of the child accused in conflict with the law. The question arises whether the South African Criminal Justice system involving the child accused adequately recognises and protects the interests of the child accused, particularly in view of the present international legal position.
4
Hogg, Nicole. ""I never poured blood" : women accused of genocide in Rwanda". Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32806.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
In this thesis the author explores the role of women as participants in the Rwandan genocide. The thesis is informed by the insights of Western feminist criminologists, as well as a consideration of women's status in pre-genocide Rwanda. The author then draws from empirical research conducted both with female genocide suspects in the Rwandan prisons and with persons working in the Rwandan criminal justice system to reveal that popular understandings of 'participation' in the genocide do not always equate with formal legal meanings. She also considers questions of power and women's motivations for participating in the genocide. She argues that despite the adoption of a formal 'equal treatment' approach to genocide suspects, gender comes into play at almost every step of the Rwandan and international criminal justice processes, with the effect that some women appear to be receiving impunity for their actions, while others are being unfairly disadvantaged.
5
Lee, Eric Austin. "'Standing accused' : analogy and dialogue as the personhood of substance". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/27716/.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This thesis engages the issue of personhood, arguing that persons are both analogical and dialogical beings. I look at personhood first, from the standpoint of the slandered and 'accused' person. Beginning with the scene of Christ before Pilate, I show that the logic of accusation is unassailably couched within the grammar of testimony or of bearing witness (Chapter 1). Next, I treat the Dreyfus Affair and the contrast of mystique and politique in the writings of Charles Peguy (Chapter 2). Here I tum to the 'accusation in the accusative' logic of Emmanuel Levinas, demonstrating that within an approach of radical alterity to the exclusion of other grammatico-ontological cases, the person becomes lost without some sort of original, analogical case of 'giving' (Chapter 3). In response to extreme accounts slander and of the heterogeneity of the person, this thesis, secondly, proposes that the person should be understood first analogically, and secondly, as an analogical extension, dialogically. To this end I examine the debate concerning analogy in Thomas Aquinas and the tradition that followed him. I explore both the metaphysical path of resolutio, perfection, and theological recapitulation (Chapter 4), and then look to the debate on analogy itself arguing that it is best understood as pointing toward an analogia entis that is coextensively an analogia personae (Chapter 5). Finally, I conclude with an articulation of the person as dialogical. I look first to the form of dialogue in Plato, then I conclude with three sections enacting a 'call and response' of the divine persons speaking 'to the creature through the creature', where I end with an account of persons living a dialogically ensouled life within the communio personarum (Chapter 6). I finish with a brief conclusion recapitulating the argument with a Christie entreaty toward the neighbor.
6
Teague, Benjamin C. "Falsely accused and the process of rebuilding one's life and ministry". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2006. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p054-0251.
Pełny tekst źródła
7
Farrar, Salim. "The role of the accused in English and Islamic criminal justice". Thesis, University of Warwick, 1999. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/36414/.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This thesis is a comparative study of the role of the accused in the systems of English and Islamic criminal justice. It seeks to explore the underlying relationship between the individual and the state through an historical, structural and contextual analysis of their rules relating to questioning and of confessions. The analysis of the English system covers the period 1800 to 1984, with particular reference to developments during the nineteenth century when the foundations for the modern English state were established. The analysis of the Islamic system combines traditionally Islamic and modern methods, assessing the "Islamisation" movement in Malaysia through a religico-structural understanding of juristic opinion from the four main schools of Sunnite jurisprudence. The thesis contributes to existing knowledge on a number of levels: first, it questions and revises the "myth" of "progress" that has dominated observations of the history of the English criminal justice system; second, it elucidates the relationship between Islamic law in theory and the law that is applied and proposed in its name in Muslim states; third, it provides an analytical framework for drawing comparisons between the underlying values of the systems of English and Islamic criminal justice. While acknowledging fundamental differences in terms of outlook and articulation, the author concludes there are important similarities expressed through such notions as "suspect" in the English system and "kafir"I"fasiq" in the Islamic. These act as intermediate constitutional categories to whom the state owe less protection. But the author notes also that these similarities are not observed necessarily in the "law" which is implemented or proposed in Muslim states; exact correspondence depends upon the over-arching political structure and the institution of Caliphate. The thesis is divided into six chapters: chapter one sets out the conventional view of the historical development of English criminal procedure and evidence; chapter two subjects that to a critique and chapter three offers a revised thesis. Chapter four, explores methods for interpreting and explaining Islam; chapter five sets out rules relating to confessions and questioning according to the four Sunni schools; chapter six puts them into "context" through an examination of the "Islamisation" process in Malaysia.
8
Barlow, Charlotte. "Coerced into crime? : legal and media representations of co-accused women". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2015. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/2010281/.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This thesis employs a case study approach to explore the ways in which women who are co-accused with a male partner (or accomplices) of committing a range of crimes are framed by British newspapers and compares such reportage with the record made in the legal proceedings of the same cases. Pseudonyms have been provided for the case studies analysed, due to the terms and conditions of the Privileged Access Agreement granted by Her Majesty’s Court and Tribunal Services, which enabled viewing access to the case file material. The case studies analysed are Jane Turner, Sarah Johnson, Alice Jones and Janet Young. The unique aspect of the case studies is that each of the women, either directly or indirectly, argued that they had been coerced into crime by their male partner/accomplice. Using a feminist methodological approach, this thesis explores the news media framing of the co-accused women and the case file material is utilised as a comparative tool. The British newspapers selected for analysis are Daily Mail, Daily Telegraph, The Guardian, The Independent, Daily Star, The Express, The Mirror, The People, The Sun, The Times (including Sunday published versions). This thesis argues that the co-accused women are framed within a range of stock, gendered motifs and narratives which consequently silences, mutes and distorts their perspectives. Furthermore, the concept of ‘coercion into crime’ is also developed to better understand coercion as a pathway into criminality.
9
Algheitta, Nasser Faraj. "Protecting human rights of the accused in the Libyan criminal justice system". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2011. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=167958.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
International human rights law has witnessed considerable developments in the last decades both in normative terms and standard setting as well as in monitoring of state observance and compliance. The ECtHR and the former Commission have taken a leading role in the development of human rights due to the extensive case law the Strasbourg institutions have produced. Human rights of the accused in the criminal proceedings had its share of such a development. The court in its assessment of various national systems in their adherence to the rights enshrined in the convention has interpreted the rights progressively and the result is a vast case law regarding the right of the accused to fair trial, to liberty and the right to private life. The central theme of this work is to examine the Libyan criminal justice system in its attempt to protect the rights of those accused of a criminal offence in the light of the developments pioneered by inter-state organs especially the ECtHR. The thesis focuses on the most pressing issues where the Libyan system does appear to be at odd with the international standards of fair trial. Therefore the scope of this work has been limited to examine the protection of the right to liberty and the right to fair hearing. In doing so, it starts with a chapter introducing the reader to the Libyan system and outlining the main features and principles governing the criminal justice system. The thesis also examines the human rights situation in general and how the political and constitutional arrangements have affected the human rights situation in the country. The protection of the right to liberty and pre-trial detention is examined in chronological order starting from the initial arrest by the police till the accused is referred to the court for trial. To evaluate the extent to which the Libyan system does protect the right to liberty, the study first, examines the procedural guarantees available in the criminal process and second to ascertain whether these domestic procedures as compared to the standards developed by the ECtHR and the Human Rights Committee are of acceptable international standards. The principle of equality of arms and the principle of adversarial proceedings as developed by the European court are an integral part of the right to fair trial and these principles are the focus of this thesis. The special position the public prosecution authority occupies, the wide power it has under the Libyan system, the heavy reliance on the pretrial evidence “the dossier evidence” and the marginal role of the defence lawyer have been diagnosed to be the major problems of the system which pose serious challenges to whether the system can uphold fairness and adhere to the requirement of adversarial proceedings. The study suggests that in the light of the examination of the Libyan system, it is apparent that it suffers from major weaknesses and shortcomings and is in need of reform. In order to ensure a better protection of the rights of accused persons, certain measures need to be introduced. However, the study also acknowledges the Libyan system has a number of strong points and these should be taken into account in any future reform. Instead of arguing for a radical change, the study suggests that any proposed reform should build upon the system’s traditions and experience. Reform should on one hand, lay the ground for a more participatory role for the defence lawyer from the early stages of the proceedings, backed by more judicial supervision of the conduct of police and prosecution in the pre-trial stage. On the other hand, the study argues the system’s belief in the positive role of the trial judge is a valuable guarantee of justice which should be retained. The study’s focus on the implications of the Strasbourg case law for the Libya system has not deterred it from seeking lessons and insights from the development of international justice and Islamic law jurisprudence.
10
Radosavljevic, Dragana. "International criminal court, surrender of accused persons and transfer of criminal proceedings". Thesis, University of Westminster, 2006. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/92714/international-criminal-court-surrender-of-accused-persons-and-transfer-of-criminal-proceedings.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The present research focuses on analysing the judicial uncertainty in the implementation, interpretation and application of the ICC Statute both in international and national arenas. In this context examined are the parameters of state sovereignty as the main source of theoretical as well as practical contemporary debate on the relationship between lex specialis character of ICC norms and domestic legal regimes. Varying and frequently inconsistent degrees of international and national compliance with international criminal law due to the multiplicity of legal regimes are scrutinised by analysing the relationship between national and ICC measures with regard to aspects of pretrial proceedings, such as surrender of accused persons and transfer of criminal proceedings, rights of suspects and defendants as well as some aspects of sentencing in so far as they affect the prima facie jurisdiction. One of the main objectives of the ICC Treaty is to advance the unification of international criminal law. Whilst it may be contended that this body of law is acquiring a great degree of specificity and uniformity in content through the Statute, both its development and importantly its scope are fundamentally reliant on interpretation and application at national level; it is here that international criminal law is fragmented. Consequently, its understanding and enforcement are inconsistent. The ICC Statute presents issues that are the result of the fusion of common and civil law traditions as well as a blend of diverse criminal laws within each one of those systems. Distinguishing between Anglo-American and Continental European criminal procedures has become increasingly complex and transgressed. Such blend of legal traditions, whilst it must ensure that justice is rendered with equality, fairness and effectiveness, generates nevertheless everincreasing lack of legal orientation. The aim of this pastiche is therefore to establish an international, uniform standard across contemporary justice systems. However, the application of the ICC provisions will depend on particular method of implementation of the Rome Treaty into domestic law, local political situation, the nature of a conflict (armed conflict is where most of the ICC crimes are likely to occur), any peace process involving regional amnesties and pardons and domestic policies and rules on sentencing. The general perception of the ICC and the law it represents is that of a powerful, centralised regime. Contrary to this belief, a proposition is made here for a less hierarchical international criminal justice that is fundamentally reliant upon national courts and law enforcement agencies. Such a proposition emphasises the need for the ICC involvement at a local level. In this context, the thesis sets out to clarify the ICC law and related Statute enforcement issues.
11
Hashim, A. "The rights of the suspect and the accused under Islamic law and Malaysian law". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.494025.
Pełny tekst źródła
12
Botman, Andre. "An evaluation of the benefit of plea and sentence agreements to an unrepresented accused". University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5513.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Magister Legum - LLMSection 105A of the Criminal Procedure Act is unconstitutional with regard to its failure to extend benefits to an unrepresented accused. Unlike a represented accused, an unrepresented accused cannot benefit from section 105A. The only recourse available to him or her is to enter a plea of guilty under section 112 of the Criminal Procedure Act. This plea of guilty does not offer him the benefits under section 105A. This causes the section to operate unfairly against the unrepresented accused based on his/her failure to secure legal representation. This continued operation of section 105A infringes on the rights of an accused by not affording this protection to the accused. This is in terms of a right to equality before the law, freedom from discrimination and what constitutes a justifiable limitation under section 36 of the Constitution. South Africa has ratified or acceded to international and regional treaties which require, inter alia that the right to equality before the law is respected. This requires a model framework to be put in place to ensure that unrepresented accused can benefit from section 105A. An evaluation of the viability of adding the unrepresented accused to the protection under section 105A is done. This is informed by experiences from other jurisdictions, which aid the need for reform.
13
Nash, Susan. "Tipping the scales : the reduction of procedural protection for the accused in inter-jurisdictional cases". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2000. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=230623.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Within mature criminal justice systems there exists a range of procedural mechanisms designed to provide the accused with protection from unlawful and unfair treatment by prosecuting authorities. Whilst some systems insist on judicial involvement in the investigation of crime, others grant the court discretionary powers to reject evidence or stay proceedings. Complex evidentiary rules flourish in common law systems, whereas civil law systems abide by the principle of the free evaluation of evidence. Judicial responses to the reception of irregularly obtained evidence vary, even within systems sharing a common tradition. Given the strong utilitarian tradition of the English and Scottish courts, judges tend to reason pragmatically rather than articulate principles. Theory and principle relevant to the exclusionary discretion are considered in Chapter 2. The extent of the general powers given to the prosecuting authorities in England and Scotland to gather real evidence, and the range of safeguards designed to protect the rights of suspects are examined in detail in Chapter 3. The fourth Chapter considers the admissibility of irregularly obtained evidence in both jurisdictions and questions whether, and to what extent, the procedural rules permit the court to balance effectively countervailing public interest considerations. The rules operating in France and Germany are examined in outline and used as comparative examples. Police investigative powers do not generally extend beyond the jurisdiction of the national court, thus prosecuting authorities requiring access to evidence located abroad seek assistance through operational police co-operation and mutual legal assistance procedures. These mechanisms are examined in Chapter 5, and consideration given to the differing approaches taken by the English and Scottish courts to the admissibility of regularly and irregularly obtained foreign evidence. The assumption is challenged that evidence obtained abroad can be assessed in the same manner as evidence obtained in breach of national rules without disturbing the fairness of the proceedings. Incorporation of the European Convention on Human Rights has potential for changing the court's response to questions of admissibility and is considered in Chapter 6. This thesis concludes with a critical analysis of the problems identified, and questions whether criminal justice systems can achieve a fair balance without understanding the complex interplay between procedural rules. Only by understanding the function of the procedural rule within each system can the risk of reducing the procedural protection to the accused be avoided. I have endeavoured to state the law as it stood at the end of July 2000.
14
Пасішніченко, А. Л. "Реалізація права на захист підозрюваним, обвинуваченим, підсудним в кримінально-процесуальному судочинстві". Thesis, Українська академія банківської справи Національного банку України, 2006. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/60336.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Про один із конституційних принципів кримінального процесу: принцип забезпечення підозрюваному, обвинуваченому, підсудному права на захист.About one of the constitutional principles of the criminal process: the principle of ensuring the suspect, accused, defendant's right to protection.
15
Bora, MEAS. "The Promotion and the Protection of the Right of Accused : Lesson Learnt from the Case of Duch". 名古屋大学大学院法学研究科, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/16935.
Pełny tekst źródła
16
Jackson, Brad. "Through the eyes of the accused applying William L. Benoit's Image Restoration Theory to Saint Patrick's Confession /". Lynchburg, Va. : Liberty University, 2008. http://digitalcommons.liberty.edu.
Pełny tekst źródła
17
Griffiths, David Barclay. "Confessions, admissions and declarations by persons accused of crime under Scots law : a historic and comparative study". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1992. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2834/.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This work examines in depth the issue of the accused's own words as evidence against him in a Scottish criminal court. The work begins with a brief consideration of the historic development of the modern Scottish criminal justice system with particular emphasis on the position of the accused within that system. The literature of the topic is next considered. The right to silence is discussed in some detail, encompassing the modern law in both Scotland and England as well as the various, mainly English, proposals to attenuate the right under the guise of law reform. The early history of confessions in Scotland is examined before turning to the issue of the admissibility of confession evidence. The bulk of this discussion focusses, not surprisingly, on confessions to the police with the development of the law being traced on a case-by-case basis, but all other types of confession evidence are also treated. A comparative note on the English law is included. The issue of corroboration of confession evidence has recently received a considerable amount of attention in the press both legal and lay, and the present work examines both the general issues involved as well as the particular dangers caused by the development of the so-called `special knowledge' confession. Once again comparison is made with English law. The exceptional situation in Northern Ireland is considered in order to demonstrate, albeit in an extreme form, the dangers of unsupervised interrogation and other activities by the forces of `law and order' and the inquisitorial system is likewise considered to see what lessons, if any, can be learned and to identify the dangers and pitfalls of the main alternative procedural system.
18
Emery, Robert Edward. "Clerical sexual misconduct with minors the responsibilities of the diocesan bishop and the canonical rights of the accused /". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com.
Pełny tekst źródła
19
Sivasubramaniam, Bahma. "The right of an accused to a fair trial : the independence of the impartiality of the international criminal courts". Thesis, Durham University, 2013. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6982/.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
It is a sacrosanct principle of the due process of law that the right of the accused to a fair trial should be observed. A condition precedent to that requirement is that he should be tried by an independent and impartial tribunal. Whilst the concepts of judicial independence and impartiality have been explored extensively in national jurisdictions, they have not been examined vis-à-vis the international arena. The increase in the number of international criminal tribunals corresponded with an increase in the size of the international judiciary. It is therefore vital that there remains in place, a body of uniformly applicable standards of international judicial independence and impartiality which would provide guidelines to international practice. The research undertaken raises interesting questions, such as the sources of these principles, the mechanism of their application in the national and international arenas, in particular to international criminal courts. It explores the relationships between the national and international standards and concludes that standards of independence and impartiality are applicable as of right to international criminal proceedings and validation through international human rights instruments, statutes and jurisprudence of the international criminal tribunals is not necessary. A comparative study has been made with national and international standards of fair trial, independence and impartiality. It is the premise of this thesis that the latter two concepts are necessary for the guarantee of the fair trial right. Jurisprudence of regional, national and international courts was explored to support this aim with particular attention focussed on the international criminal tribunal and the permanent international court. Finally, a conclusion is formed on the independence and impartiality of the international judiciary and the efficacy of the international criminal judicial system in ensuring that the right of the accused to receive a fair trial.
20
Malunga-Payet, Nozibonela. "Les actes de langage menaçants en contexte français et tswana : le cas des actes reprocher, blâmer, accuser et insulter". Nantes, 2016. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=2683428d-62d5-4136-8884-5433977b72e2.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Le but de ce travail de thèse est de faire une analyse sémantico-cognitive des quatre actes de langage REPROCHER, BLAMER, ACCUSER et INSULTER ainsi que leurs réalisations dans le discours en français et en tswana. Nous faisons quatre types d’analyse comparative. La première analyse porte sur la signification lexicale des verbes qui désignent les actes de langage étudiés. Pour cela nous nous appuyons sur le modèle théorique de la Sémantique des Possibles argumentatifs (SPA). Nous adoptons aussi l’approche modale de la SPA pour faire une deuxième analyse des valeurs modales inscrites dans les noyau et stéréotypes des unités lexicales. Ces valeurs modales sont mobilisées dans les déploiements discursifs d’un acte de langage. Notre troisième analyse des représentations conceptuelles s’appuie sur la théorie des modèles cognitifs idéalisés (MCI). Nous terminons par une analyse des réalisations linguistiques des actes de langage. Nous partons de l’hypothèse que la signification lexicale ou la conceptualisation de chaque verbe dans une culture donnée peut se manifester par des stratégies différentes de réalisation de l’acte et par la mobilisation des attitudes modales présentes dans la signification lexicale. La dimension culturelle des actes de langage justifie une étude contrastive et son application dans l’enseignement-apprentissage des langues étrangères. L’une des perspectives de recherche d’après ce travail de thèse sera mise en évidence par l’analyse des réalisations linguistiques de l’acte d’insulte en français chez les locuteurs non natifs. Nous essayons de montrer de façon générale que les réalisations linguistiques des apprenants d’une langue étrangère montrent une influence de la conceptualisation de l’acte dans la langue de départThe aim of this thesis is to make a semantic and cognitive analysis of four speech acts, namely the speech acts of REPROACHING, BLAMING, ACCUSING and INSULTING as well as their performance in French and Tswana. We make four kinds of comparative analysis. The first analysis concerns the lexical meaning of verbs that refer to the speech acts studied. For this we use the theory model of the Semantics of Argumentative Possibilities (SPA). We also use the modal approach of the SPA to make a second analysis of modal values present in the core and stereotypes of lexical units. These modal values are mobilised in the discursive deployment of a speech act. For our third analysis of conceptual representations we use the theoretic model of idealised cognitive models (ICMs). We finish by an analysis of speech act performance patterns. We start by a general assumption that the meaning or the conceptualisation of each verb in a given culture can manifest by different strategies of performance of the speech act and by the mobilisation of modal attitudes that are present in its lexical meaning. The cultural dimension of speech acts justifies a contrastive study and its application in the teaching and learning of foreign languages. One of our research perspectives after this thesis will show itself by a brief analysis of French non-natives’ performance of the speech act of insulting in French. We try to show in a general way that foreign learners’ speech act performances show influence by the mother tongue
21
Tucker, Mark E. "Justice for the accused the obligations of major superiors in clerical religious institutes and the sexual abuse of minors /". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com.
Pełny tekst źródła
22
Bastidas, Hugo J. "Listen to the (in)mate, a life history, readers theatre (re)presentation of women in Ecuador jails accused of drug trafficking". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq62880.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródła
23
Williams, David. "A cleric's right to self-defense when accused of a delict from the accusation to the beginning of a formal process /". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2006. http://www.tren.com.
Pełny tekst źródła
24
Van, der Haer Anthony Abner. "How would an accused / defence successfully argue non-pathological criminal incapacity or alternative defences, namely in the battered wife / partner syndrome?" Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27419.
Pełny tekst źródła
25
Medina, Lizarazo Anderson Javier. "Représentations sémantico-conceptuelles et réalisations de l’acte illocutionnaire ACCUSER : (re)construction du sens en français de France et en espagnol de Colombie". Thesis, Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NANT2035.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Ce travail de thèse a pour but d’étudier, d’une part, les représentations sémantico-conceptuelles de l’acte illocutionnaire menaçant ACCUSER, et d’autre part, ses réalisations discursives au sein de deux groupes d’individus universitaires de langue-culture différents : le français de France et l’espagnol de Colombie. Ce travail de recherche se veut ainsi comparatif car il vise à faire émerger les possibles similitudes et différences au niveau des représentations que les usagers de chaque langue rattachent à cet acte illocutionnaire. Ainsi à l’aide du modèle théorique de la Sémantique des Possibles Argumentatifs (SPA) des analyses ont été mises en œuvre. Une première analyse de la signification lexicale du verbe et du nominal qui désignent l’acte a été effectuée. Cette analyse a été complétée, grâce à l’approche modale de la SPA, par une analyse des valeurs modales inscrites dans le noyau et les stéréotypes de l’acte. L’obtention et l’analyse des données, grâce au protocole de recueil de la SPA, a permis ainsi la construction de la représentation conceptuelle de l’acte pour chaque groupe de langue-culture. En outre, la Sémantique de l’Interaction Verbale (SIV) nous a permis d’établir une configuration modale de l’acte ACCUSER propre à chaque groupe. Enfin, nous avons tenté de démontrer la relation intrinsèque entre le choix de mobilisation des réalisateurs linguistiques de l’acte et la conceptualisation propre à chaque groupe de l’acte illocutionnaireThis thesis aims to study the semantic and conceptual representations of illocutionary act ACCUSE on the one hand, and on the other hand, the performances in discourse of two different language-culture groups of university students: French from France and Spanish from Colombia. This research work is comparative because it aims to look for similarities and differences between the two groups concerning the representations that language users associate to this illocutionary act. Thanks to the theoretical model of the Semantics of Argumentative Possibilities (SPA) some analyses have been made. The first analysis we have made concerns the lexical signification of the verb and the nominal, that designates the illocutionary act. This first analysis has been completed with an analysis of modal verbs contained in the nucleus and stereotypes of the illocutionary act. The protocol of SPA has allowed us to get the data which has been analyzed in order to set up a conceptual representation of the illocutionary act for each group. In addition to this, the Semantics of Verbal Interaction (SIV) has been used to establish a modal configuration of the act ACCUSE. Finally, we have attempt to show the inherent relationship between the choice of mobilization of a linguistic realization and the conceptual configuration of ACCUSE specific to each group
26
Almansoori, Humoud. "The rights and guarantees of the accused at the pre-trial stage : a comparative study between the English law and the UAE law". Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.726808.
Pełny tekst źródła
27
Canelas, Dora Cristina Calção. "Efeitos de uma única sessão de atividade motora na atenção visual de pessoas idosas: comparação entre atividade aeróbica e neuromotora". Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/10950.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Efeitos de uma única sessão de exercício na atenção visual de pessoas
idosas: comparação entre exercício aeróbico e neuromotora
Resumo
Objetivo: O principal objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos agudos de uma única
sessão de exercício aeróbico e uma única sessão de exercício neuromotor sobre a
atenção visual de pessoas idosas.
Métodos: Participaram 87 indivíduos de ambos os sexos, com idades acima dos 55
anos (65,65 ± 6,64 anos), residentes no distrito de Évora, integrados no programa
Séniores Ativos da Câmara Municipal de Évora, ou externos ao programa,
provenientes de Montemor-o-Novo. Foram divididos por 3 grupos: aeróbico (n=31),
neuromotor (n=30) e controlo (n=26). Os grupos experimentais realizaram dois
momentos de avaliação (repouso e pós exercício) com 7 dias de intervalo. O grupo de
exercício aeróbico efetuou uma caminhada e o grupo de exercício neuromotor
participou numa sessão que incluiu diversas atividades motoras de carácter percetivo-cognitivo.
Os níveis de atenção e concentração foram avaliados através do teste d2. O
grupo de controlo realizou duas vezes o teste d2 com 7 dias de intervalo, ambas em
repouso.
Resultados: Não foram encontrados efeitos significativos da realização de uma única
sessão de exercício (aeróbico e neuromotor) sobre a atenção visual avaliada através de
diversas variáveis do teste d2.
Conclusões: Não foram encontradas evidências de um efeito do exercício agudo sobre
a atenção visual em pessoas idosas; Effects of a single exercise session on visual attention in older people: a
comparison between aerobic and neuromotor exercise
Abstract:
Objective: To main objective of this study was to evaluate the acute effects of a single
bout of aerobic and a single bout of neuromotor exercise on the visual attention of
older people.
Methods: Eighty-seven subjects of both genders, aged over 55 years (65,65 ± 6,64),
residents in the Évora district, participants from the Séniores Activos program of the
Municipality of Évora or external to the program residents in Montemor-o-Novo.
Participants were divided into 3 groups: aerobic (n = 31) neuromotor (n = 30) and
control (n = 26). Each experimental group was evaluated on two different periods
(rest and post-exercise) with 7 days interval. The aerobic exercise group performed a
walk and the neuromotor exercise group participated in a session that included several
perceptual-cognitive stimulation activities. Levels of attention and concentration were
assessed by d2 test. The control group repeated at rest the d2 test, after 7 days, both at
a resting state.
Results: There were no significant effects after a single exercise session (aerobic and
neuromotor) on visual attention variables evaluated by the d2 test.
Conclusions: There was no evidence of an acute effect of exercise on visual attention
in older people.
28
McGregor, Frances-Louise. "When is a bully not a bully? : a critical grounded theory approach to understanding the lived experience and organisational implications of being accused of being a workplace bully". Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2015. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/26445/.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This research addresses the question “When is a bully not a bully?” through grounded theory using a purposive sample of volunteer participants who had been accused of workplace bullying. The aim of the study was to critically evaluate the lived experience and organisational implications of being accused of being a workplace bully, from the perspective of the (alleged) bully. The research did not set out to consider if an (alleged) bully had been guilty or innocent of the allegation put to them; it was considered that if this was deemed a criteria by the potential participant it may reduce engagement with the study. This study will contribute to the body of knowledge around the phenomenon of bullying and offers an insight into both research and further development of good organisational practice. Whilst the research on other parties involved in the issue and management of workplace bullying have developed, Einarsen (2014), Jenkins, Zapf, Winefield and Sarris (2012), Notelaers (2014) and Samnani and Singh (2012) express concern that research which explores and examines the perpetrator’s experience is scarce and needed as a priority in acknowledging the gap in current research and to develop a fuller understanding of the phenomena of workplace bullying. In a qualitative study with eight participants from a particularly difficult to access group, the researcher offers an early contribution to the current gap in literature, research and understanding of the perspective of the alleged workplace bully. Participants engaged in individual, confidential, unstructured interviews with the researcher and spoke candidly about their perceptions and the impact the accusation had on them. This was then analysed, evaluated and developed through a classical grounded theory approach to develop the theoretical model guilty until proven innocent. In discussing the participants’ concerns in this model, the research widened understanding and academic knowledge and narrowed the gap of information of the (alleged) bully’s perspective. In dealing with allegations, (alleged) workplace bullies identify with concerns of feeling bullied back, emotional reactions, self-coping mechanisms and managerial responsibility and action, from which the grounded theory guilty until proven innocent emerged. The main findings of the research emerged from the participant’s interviews; key highlights included being isolated by their organisations and subject to negative acts which would, in themselves be considered bullying behaviours. Participants then described how they would separate themselves from the organisation, despite feeling a sense of disconnected loyalty towards it. The structure of HR functions and the anti-bullying related policy had a significant influence on the negative treatment participant’s experienced, with a continual theme around the presumption the participant was guilty from the outset, by virtue of an allegation being raised. This perception was reinforced in the different way (alleged) bullies were supported and treated by their organisations from the claimants. The participants had been negatively affected by identifiable victim effect (Hamilton & Sherman, 1996), dispute-related claims (Einarsen, 1999; Keashly & Nowell, 2003) and the claimant being managed under a separate formal management procedure. The study also suggested that allegations of bullying could in themselves be a form of bullying and that there may be an element of discrimination in this on the grounds of protected characteristics. The main recommendations consider the structure of HR functions and the need for a visible and accessible personnel element necessary to begin to balance the support available for all parties, including the alleged, the alleger, bystanders, witnesses, line managers, HR and investigation managers. Further research, which tests the grounded theory of guilty until proven innocent with larger samples will extend and develop this study and test some of the resolutions and solutions offered.
29
Ivan, Milić. "Индивидуализација казне затвора – криминолошки, кривичноправни и пенолошки аспект". Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Pravni fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2017. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=104746&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Предмет докторске дисертације јесте индивидуализација казне затвора, и то три њена нераздвојна аспекта – криминолошки, кривичноправни и пенолошки. Први део рада, посвећен је криминолошком аспект индивидуализације казне затвора. Кривичноправним аспектима индивидуализације казне затвора посвећен је други део рада. Предмет истраживања у трећем делу рада јесте пенолошки аспект индивидуализације казне затвора.Разноврсни су криминогени фактори који утичу на појединца да учини кривично дело, али они пре свега могу бити субјективни и објективни. У току кривичног поступка, они се вреднују и утичу на саму индивидуализацију казне затвора. Осим тога, њихов значај је огроман и у току извршења затворске казне. Зато су криминолошки аспекти нераздвојни од кривичноправних и пенолошких аспеката.За свако кривично дело прописана је казна у распону, тако да се кривичним законодавством Републике Србије не прописује казну која је апсолутно одређена, нити казна која је апсолутно неодређена. С обзиром на то да се казне затвора прописује у распону судија у кривичном поступку мора да је индивидуализује, на основу одређених околности. Те околности су пре свега оне које се односе на личност учиниоца кривичног дела. Овде је реч о индивидуализацији казне затвора у ужем смислу, о којој одлучује суд.Казна затвора се индивидуализује и након што осуђујућа пресуда постане правноснажна, и траје све док се и сама казна не изврши. У току извршења казне затвора личност осуђеника је главни критеријум за индивидуализацију казне у самом казненом заводу, а сама индивидуализација се спроводи пре свега од стране затворских власти. Осим тога, казна затвора се индивидуализује и кад се извршава у просторијама у којима осуђени станује. Овде је реч о индивидуализацији казне затвора у ширем смислу.Циљ истраживања предметне проблематике јесте да се укаже на актуелно стање у вези са индивидуализацијом казне затвора у теорији, да се анализирају прописи из ове области и предоче законска решења из појединих држава који се тичу предметне проблематика. Крајњи циљ јесте да се укаже на значајиндивидуалиације казне затвора како у поступку изрицања казне, тако и у поступку извршења и да се дају конкретни de lega ferenda предлози.Predmet doktorske disertacije jeste individualizacija kazne zatvora, i to tri njena nerazdvojna aspekta – kriminološki, krivičnopravni i penološki. Prvi deo rada, posvećen je kriminološkom aspekt individualizacije kazne zatvora. Krivičnopravnim aspektima individualizacije kazne zatvora posvećen je drugi deo rada. Predmet istraživanja u trećem delu rada jeste penološki aspekt individualizacije kazne zatvora.Raznovrsni su kriminogeni faktori koji utiču na pojedinca da učini krivično delo, ali oni pre svega mogu biti subjektivni i objektivni. U toku krivičnog postupka, oni se vrednuju i utiču na samu individualizaciju kazne zatvora. Osim toga, njihov značaj je ogroman i u toku izvršenja zatvorske kazne. Zato su kriminološki aspekti nerazdvojni od krivičnopravnih i penoloških aspekata.Za svako krivično delo propisana je kazna u rasponu, tako da se krivičnim zakonodavstvom Republike Srbije ne propisuje kaznu koja je apsolutno određena, niti kazna koja je apsolutno neodređena. S obzirom na to da se kazne zatvora propisuje u rasponu sudija u krivičnom postupku mora da je individualizuje, na osnovu određenih okolnosti. Te okolnosti su pre svega one koje se odnose na ličnost učinioca krivičnog dela. Ovde je reč o individualizaciji kazne zatvora u užem smislu, o kojoj odlučuje sud.Kazna zatvora se individualizuje i nakon što osuđujuća presuda postane pravnosnažna, i traje sve dok se i sama kazna ne izvrši. U toku izvršenja kazne zatvora ličnost osuđenika je glavni kriterijum za individualizaciju kazne u samom kaznenom zavodu, a sama individualizacija se sprovodi pre svega od strane zatvorskih vlasti. Osim toga, kazna zatvora se individualizuje i kad se izvršava u prostorijama u kojima osuđeni stanuje. Ovde je reč o individualizaciji kazne zatvora u širem smislu.Cilj istraživanja predmetne problematike jeste da se ukaže na aktuelno stanje u vezi sa individualizacijom kazne zatvora u teoriji, da se analiziraju propisi iz ove oblasti i predoče zakonska rešenja iz pojedinih država koji se tiču predmetne problematika. Krajnji cilj jeste da se ukaže na značajindividualiacije kazne zatvora kako u postupku izricanja kazne, tako i u postupku izvršenja i da se daju konkretni de lega ferenda predlozi.
The subject of the doctoral thesis is the individualization of incarceration and its three inseparable aspects – the criminological, criminal-law and penological aspect. The first part of the thesis deals with the criminological aspect of the individualization of incarceration. The criminal-law aspect of the individualization of the punishment of incarceration is discusses in the second part. The subject of the third part is the penological aspect of the individualization of incarceration.There are various criminogenic factors which influence an individual to commit a crime, but they are, first and foremost, divided into the subjective and objective. During a criminal procedure they are evaluated and then influence the individualization of incarceration. Furthermore, they are of great importance during the execution of a prison sentence. Because of this, the criminological aspects are inseparable from the criminal-law and penological aspects.Punishments are perscribed within certain ranges for every crime. The criminal law of the Republic of Serbia also does not define punishments absolutely, nor does it leave a punishment absolutely undefined. Considering the fact that the punishment of incarceration is perscribed in a certain range, the judge in a criminal procedure must individualize it based on the existing circumstances. These circumstances include, above all, those concerning the personality of the defendant. The subject here is the individualization in its narrow sense, which falls under the jurisdiction of the court.The punishment of incarceration is further individualized after a sentence becomes final and produces legal effect until the complete execution of the sentence. During the execution of a prison sentence the personality of the convict is the main criteria for the individualization of the sentence within the detention center itself, first and foremost by the prison authorities themselves. Apart from this, the punishment of incarceration is also individualized when it is being executed in the place of residence of the convict. This is the individualization of the prison sentence in its broader sense.The goal of the research of this subject is to highlight the current state of individualization of incarceration in theory, to analyze legislation from this field and to present legal solutions of certain countries concering the subject. The final goal is to stressthe importance of the individualization of incarceration in the process of sentencing as well as during the execution of a sentence and to give concrete de lega ferenda proposals.
30
Al-Eshaikh, Hesham A. A. "Human rights and the trial of the accused : a legal comparative study between the judicial system in Saudi Arabia and the standards required by the European Convention on Human Rights". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/754.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Irrespective of its Western origin, the idea of human rights is widely acknowledged. Following the establishment of the United Nations, the movement of human rights has been dramatically extended from its local boundaries to a more global domain by means of international treaties, declarations, conferences etc by which a universal standard of human rights has been established. However, a sharp contrast has occurred between advocates of relativism of human rights and supporters of the universalism of human rights as a result of attempts to impose a single interpretation to human rights instruments that is the western liberal tradition. After the collapse of the communist regimes, the conflict about the universalism of human rights takes place between developed and less developed Countries, or between Islam, and the West. Therefore, this thesis explores the extent to which human rights jurisprudence can accommodate different cultures. The thesis concerns particular aspects of the subject of human rights. It compares rights provided for the accused person during trial in the judicial system in Saudi Arabia with those embodied in the European Convention on Human Rights. It examines in particular; the presumption of innocence, the principle of legality, legal assistance, an interpreter, adequatg time and facilities, a speedy trial, prompt information of the accusation, trial in the presence of the accused, the accused's right to defend himself in person, equality of arms, the calling and cross-examination of witnesses, the right not to be compelled to confess guilt, an independent and an impartial trial, an open court, a reasoned judgment, an appeal against conviction or punishment, double jeopardy, and compensation for miscarriage of justice. The thesis shows that (a) generally speaking, the judicial system in Saudi Arabia provides the accused during the trial stage with similar rights to those called upon by the European Convention although it sometimes uses different terminology. (b) Suggestions to readdress deficiencies in the Saudi judicial system can be adopted without violating Islamic law. (c) The Saudi judicial system in certain areas provides the same rights with a higher standard of application. (d) Due to the fact that it is based on the religion of Islam, the Saudi judicial system provides the accused with rights totally unknown to the European Convention.
31
Timoney, Caroline. "Reflections on the evolving jurisprudence concerning the presence of the accused : focusing on National Commissioner of the South African Police Service v Southern African Human Rights Litigation Centre and Another". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15197.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
On 30 October 2014 South Africa's Constitutional Court unanimously stated that the South African Police Service was obligated to investigate allegations of torture in Zimbabwe. This landmark decision, based on South Africa's international obligations and domestic legislation, is rooted in the Court's interpretation of universal jurisdiction and in particular its application of the presumption of the "anticipated presence" of the accused. The case, first heard in the North Gauteng High Court in 2012 before being taken on appeal to the Supreme Court of Appeal and Constitutional Court, concerned allegations of torture against ZANU-PF officials and Zimbabwean police during the run-up to elections in 2007. This final judgment imposes a binding obligation on the South African Police Service to investigate the allegations, prior to any decision on further prosecution. This dissertation begins by providing a background to South Africa's implementation of the Rome Statute domestically before focusing on the theoretical framework of universal jurisdiction. This is followed by an examination of the South African jurisprudence, in particular the judgment of the Constitutional Court in National Commissioner of the South African Police Service v Southern African Human Rights Litigation Centre and Another. The Constitutional Court's decision to allow for the exercise of universal jurisdiction in absentia (otherwise known as "anticipated presence") must be located within the broader concept of jurisdiction. Anticipated presence is a controversial issue and this paper will explain both the Court's reasoning as well as possible implications of this judgment. The fight against impunity for perpetrators of international crimes, emphasised by both the Rome Statute and South Africa's own legislation, has been strengthened by this judgment. This paper will also examine the remaining areas of concern which were not addressed by the Constitutional Court. This Constitutional Court judgment will define the approach of South African courts in forthcoming cases concerning the application of the Rome Statute. Despite the Constitutional Court's failure to take all factors into account in its judgment, this landmark decision has changed the legal landscape considerably and will be a powerful tool to counter the culture of impunity.
32
Rouamba, George. "« Yaab-rãmba » : une anthropologie du care des personnes vieillissantes à Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0397/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Les transformations politiques, familiales, religieuses, économiques et spatiales amènent à rompre avec les évidences entretenues sur les sociétés africaines comme celles de care au profit des personnes âgées au nom du respect social des âges. Ce travail déconstruit les représentations sociales de la vieillesse en montrant d’une part que les catégories de la vieillesse sont les produits des politiques publiques et d’autre part que les vieillesses sont hétérogènes, contextuelles et dynamiques. A partir d’études de cas élargis, cette thèse explore les expériences du vieillir à partir des formes de prise en charge des personnes vieillissantes dans la capitale Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso).Une ethnographie au sein des familles, dans une unité de soins spécialisé dans un centre hospitalier universitaire et dans un centre d’accueil de femmes accusées de sorcellerie permet de décrypter les relations complexes de prise en charge entre le niveau micro et macro sociale. Cette thèse est une contribution à une anthropologie du care de la vieillesseThe political, family, religious, economic and spatial lead to break with evidence maintained on African societies like those in care for the elderly in the name of social respect of ages. This work deconstructs social representations of old age by showing both on the on hand, that the categories of old age are the product of public policies and on the other the old ages are heterogeneous, dynamic and contextual. From a broader the case studies, this thesis explores the experiences from old forms of care for elderly in the capital, Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). An ethnography within families, in a special care unit in a university hospital and a reception center for women accused of witchcraft allows to decrypt the complex relationships of care between the micro and macro social level. This thesis is a contribution to the anthropology of care in old age
33
Kouassi, Anney. "La justiciabilité des chefs d'Etat en exercice devant la Cour pénale internationale". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAD007/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Le 8 octobre 2014, M. Uhuru Kenyatta le président kényan comparaissait devant les juges de la Cour pénale internationale. Cette comparution était un évènement inédit ; car pour la première fois un chef d’État durant son mandat comparaissait devant cette juridiction ; inculpé depuis le 8 mars 2011, tout comme le vice-président, de crimes contre l’humanité pour son rôle présumé dans les violences qui ont émaillé l’élection présidentielle de 2007. S’il est le premier à se présenter devant les juges de la CPI, il n’est pourtant pas le premier chef d’État poursuivi par cette juridiction. Les présidents soudanais, Omar El-Béchir et le « Guide » libyen avaient reçu des notifications de mandats d’arrêt depuis 2009 pour le premier, et 2011 pour le second.Avant les poursuites de la CPI, seuls des anciens dirigeants avaient comparu devant les TMI de la seconde guerre et les TPI pour le Rwanda et pour l’ex-Yougoslavie qui l’ont précédé. Cette caractéristique commune aux premières poursuites qui n’ont pas épargné non plus les premières enquêtes du Procureur de la CPI ; posait une problématique majeure : celle de l’effectivité de la poursuite des dirigeants en exercice devant les juridictions pénales internationales ; de la Cour pénale internationale en particulier. Les actes de procédures de la CPI contre les dirigeants durant leur mandat viennent répondre en partie à ces préoccupations.Cependant, l’abandon des charges contre le président kenyan par le Procureur le 5 décembre 2014 et plus tard contre son vice-président et les motivations de ces décisions ; mais aussi l’impossibilité pour cette juridiction d’obtenir l’exécution des mandats d’arrêt émis depuis le 4 mars 2009 contre le président soudanais remettent en perspective la problématique de la justiciabilité des chefs d’État en exercice devant la CPIOn October 8, 2014, Uhuru Kenyatta, the Kenyan President, appeared before the judges of the International Criminal Court. This appearance was an unprecedented event; for the first time a head of state in Office appeared before that jurisdiction; accused since March 8, 2011, like his vice-president, of crimes against humanity for his alleged role in the violence that swept the 2007 presidential election. While being the first to appear before the judges of the ICC, he is not the first head of state prosecuted by this court. Sudanese president Omar El-Bashir and the Libyan "Guide" had received arrest warrants since 2009 for the first, and 2011 for the second.Before these ICC prosecutions, only former leaders had appeared before the IMT of the Second World War and the TPIs for Rwanda and the former Yugoslavia. There is a characteristic common to these first prosecutions, which did not spare either the first investigations of the Prosecutor of the ICC; posed a major problem: that of the effectiveness of the prosecution of leaders in office before international Criminal jurisdictions; and particularly of the International Criminal Court. The ICC's proceedings against leaders during their term of office partially address these concerns.However, the dismissal of charges against the Kenyan President by the Prosecutor on 5 December 2014, and later against his Vice President and the motives for those decisions, but also the impossibility for this jurisdiction to obtain the execution of arrest warrants issued since March 4, 2009 against the Sudanese president put into perspective the issue of the justiciability of the heads of state in office before the ICC
34
De, Koker Charlene. "Die effek van 'n kind se seksuele misbruik op die nie–beskuldigde ouer/voog se psigo–sosiale funksionering / Charlene de Koker". Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4721.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The aim of the research was to study the effect of child sexual abuse on the non–accused parent/guardian's psycho–social functioning. To reach this aim, the following objectives were set:
* Objective 1: To establish the non–accused's reaction to disclosure of sexual abuse of their child.
* Objective 2: To investigate the extent in which the parent/guardian's psycho–social functioning was influenced by the disclosure of the sexual abuse.
* Objective 3: To research the influence the disclosure of the sexual abuse had on the relationship between the child involved and the parent/guardian.
* Objective 4: To investigate the outcome of the cases following the disclosure of the sexual abuse and to determine whether actions had been taken against the alleged perpetrators and whether they were at all legally prosecuted.
The research was primarily based on in–depth interviews with the non–accused parents from the case loads of a welfare organisation in Randfontein. The results of the research were reported on, based on main themes and sub–themes linked to the four objectives. Regarding theme one (1), it was found that the majority of non–accused parents/guardians reacted exceptionally negatively following the disclosure of the sexual abuse in that they experienced extremely negative emotions. Theme two's (2) information was also obtained through the self–designed questionnaire. The effect of the disclosure on the non–accused parents/guardians' psycho–social functioning was studied. It was found that their psychological, emotional, financial and physical functioning was negatively affected. Theme three's (3) information was also obtained by means of the self–designed questionnaire. The relationship and bond between the child involved and the non–accused parent/guardian was investigated. It was found that the relationships between the children involved and the parents/guardians were negatively affected following the disclosure of the sexual abuse in that they experienced feelings of rejection, anger, anxiety and depression. Theme four's(4) was also obtained via self–designed questionnaires. The outcome of the disclosure was investigated. It was established that the caring situations of the children involved following the disclosure had not been significantly affected. Furthermore, it was found that the non–accused parents/guardians had not taken sufficient legal steps and that the alleged perpetrators had not been legally prosecuted in all the cases. In summary it can be stated that this research has proven that the child's sexual abuse has a negative effect on the psycho–social functioning on the non–accused parent/guardian's functioning.Thesis (M.A. (MW))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
35
Steinvall, Alexander. "Livia - mördare eller syndabock? : En utvärdering av de antika källorna kring kejsarinnan Livia och vad som talar för att hon mördade Augustus och dennes adoptivsöner för att göra sin egen son Tiberius till kejsare". Thesis, Växjö University, Växjö University, Växjö University, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-5821.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Empress Livia – Murderer or wrongfully accused?
An overview of the ancient sources on the empress Livia and what that suggests that shemurdered her husband Emperor Augustus and his adoptive children to make way for herown son Tiberius as the emperor of Rome.This work will analyze the ancient roman sources by the great historians from that time;Tacitus, Suetonius and Cassius Dio, and their works discussing the murder conspiracy of theempress of Rome; Livia.Here I examine what these ancient sources tell about the possible involvement of Livia, on thedeath of Augustus himself and his adoptive sons. Each author to these ancient sources will beexamined and contextualized according to their contemporary time, but also their political andideological views of women in high position and Ceasarism itself. Their characteristics andstyles of their written account will also be examined.The following issues will be dealt with in this work:
What does the ancient sources of; Tacitus, Suetonius and Cassius Dio say about theconspiracy theory in which empress Livia is central.
What is known about the authors of these ancient sources and to what extant mighttheir political and ideological view affect their written account?
Can the allegations directed at Livia be the result of the fact that she was a highlyinfluential woman at her time, something which the ancient authors by romanstandards saw as unfit for a woman, and therefore is mistreated in the written sources?
If so, were all women with power under the same time and circumstances criticized inthe same way in which Livia is portrayed?
Are there any other aspects that have not been treated equally in the past by authorsand researchers, in which new questionable guidelines can be made?
As is very important to point out, this work and essentially all others alike will not evenassume to solve the final question if empress Livias was guilty or not of murdering herhusband, Emperor Augustus and/or his adoptive sons. This work is to be foremost accepted asan appendix of other works regarding the same issue.
36
Silva, Denis Cortiz da. "Os limites jurídicos da liberdade de imprensa na cobertura do noticiário criminal". Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2015. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/1146.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:34:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Denis Cortiz Da Silva.pdf: 635637 bytes, checksum: 1a7ebf94d0c52b532e04b77476b20409 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2015-02-10This study aims to analyse if whether there are and what are the legal limits of freedom of the press, one of the pillars of democracy, especially in relation to media coverage of criminal news. It will analyze which factors can mitigate this freedom of speech, especially their union with the government, a practice that could endanger the democratic regime itself and the influence that economic power has on the media, which are today very dependent on advertising revenues, whether private, whether public. Also the rights of the defendant, during and after the criminal prosecution, will be studied and how these can be restrictors of the press activities, which must be applied the balancing interests techinical to solve this conflict, according to the circumstances of the case. Finally it will be analyzed some trials which recognize the limitation of media freedom against the fundamental rights of the defendant.
Este estudo visa analisar se existem e quais seriam os limites jurídicos da liberdade de imprensa, um dos pilares do regime democrático, principalmente em relação à cobertura jornalística do noticiário criminal. Serão analisados quais fatores podem mitigar essa liberdade de imprensa, principalmente sua união com o poder público, prática que pode colocar em risco o próprio regime democrático e a influência que o Poder Econômico exerce sobre os meios de comunicação, que atualmente são extremamente dependentes das verbas publicitárias, sejam elas privadas, sejam elas estatais. Também serão estudados os direitos do acusado durante e depois da persecução penal e como estes podem ser limitadores da atuação da imprensa, devendo, de acordo com as circunstâncias do caso concreto, aplicar-se a técnica da ponderação de interesses para solucionar este conflito. Por fim serão analisados alguns julgados em que foi reconhecida a limitação da liberdade de imprensa face os direitos fundamentais dos noticiados.
37
Shunk, Cynthia. "The Treatment of Criminals with Disabilities: An Ongoing Debate". Connect to full text in OhioLINK ETD Center, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=toledo1229019841.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Thesis (M.L.S.)--University of Toledo, 2008.Typescript. "Submitted as partial fulfillment of the Requirements for The Master of Liberal Studies." "A thesis entitled"--at head of title. Bibliography: leaves 45-47.
38
Dimitrovová, Klára. "Análise comparativa de sistemas de classificação de doentes de reabilitação". Master's thesis, Universidade Nova de Lisboa. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9277.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
RESUMO - Caracterização do problema: A inadequação e ineficácia do sistema de financiamento ―por diária‖ dos cuidados de reabilitação resultaram na necessidade de criação de sistemas de classificação de doentes de reabilitação em regime de internamento, em muitos países. Também em Portugal é necessário implementar um sistema de financiamento, baseado num sistema de classificação de doentes, ajustado pela complexidade e necessidade de cuidados destes doentes.
Objectivos: Caracterização dos cuidados de reabilitação em Portugal, e do actual sistema de financiamento destes doentes; realização de uma revisão de literatura dos sistemas de classificação de doentes de reabilitação já existentes, de modo a compreender quais as variáveis de agrupamento utilizadas e qual a capacidade de previsão dos custos destes mesmos sistemas; perceber a importância da implementação de um dos sistemas de classificação em Portugal, e quais as suas vantagens.
Metodologia: Da revisão de literatura efectuada, foram encontrados quatro sistemas de classificação de doentes implementados e/ou em vias de serem implementados como base para um sistema de financiamento, nos EUA, Austrália e Canadá. Foi efectuada uma extensa caracterização e análise crítica dos mesmos.
Conclusões: Podemos concluir, que dos poucos sistemas de classificação de doentes de reabilitação existentes, optou-se pelo estudo de uma possível adopção do sistema norte-americano para a realidade portuguesa, por ser o único sistema de classificação já utilizado para fins de financiamento para todos os doentes de reabilitação desde 2002, o que inclui mais variáveis de decisão na classificação dos doentes, e o que permite a maior previsão dos custos dos doentes em termos percentuais.ABSTRACT - Background: The inadequacy and inefficiency of the “per diem” funding system of rehabilitation care resulted in the need to create classification systems for inpatient rehabilitation, in many countries. Also in Portugal it´s necessary to implement a funding system based on a patient classification system, adjusted by complexity and need for care of these patients. Aims: Characterization of rehabilitation care in Portugal, and the current funding system of these patients; conducting a literature review of patient classification systems for rehabilitation, in order to understand which are the grouping variables used and what is the ability of costs prediction in each of the systems; understand the importance of implementing a classification system in Portugal, and its advantages. Methods: A literature search was performed, and four patient classification systems were found in the U.S., Australia and Canada. Some are already implemented, and others are about to be implemented as the basis for a new funding system. An extensive description and critical analysis of these systems was performed. Conclusions: After the analysis of the existing patient classification systems for rehabilitation, we chose to study a possible adoption of the American system for the Portuguese reality, because it´s the only classification system already used for funding purposes for all rehabilitation patients since 2002, it includes more decision variables for the classification of patients, and which allows the highest cost estimate.
39
Pineau, Carine. "Le procès équitable devant la Cour pénale internationale". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1011.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Si le respect du droit à un procès équitable devrait occuper une place éminente au sein de toute société démocratique, cette exigence revêt un caractère axiomatique au sein d'une juridiction tournée vers la lutte contre l'impunité et la protection des droits de l'homme, telle que la Cour pénale internationale. Le peu de jugements rendus depuis plus de dix ans par la Cour permanente pourrait laisser penser qu'une telle étude est encore prématurée. Cette analyse met au contraire en exergue la densité de son activité et la singularité de ses procédures. Sacralisé par la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme, le droit à un procès équitable se décline en règles qui régissent non seulement les relations entre les parties mais aussi les rapports des individus avec la juridiction. Si la notion de droit à un procès équitable est familière des juristes, son interprétation pose un certain nombre de difficultés nouvelles. L'hybridité structurelle et normative de la Cour pénale internationale influencera nécessairement la réception que celle-ci réservera au principe, mais également l'interprétation unique qu'il conviendra de donner à ce droit fondamental. Prenant acte du caractère novateur de cette juridiction, cette thèse n'omettra pas d'envisager le droit à un procès équitable sous le prisme singulier de la victime, nouveau visage du procès. Souvent exclue du débat judiciaire relatif à l'équité des procédures, cette analyse s'attèle à replacer cet acteur au coeur des préoccupations régissant la conduite équitable du procèsWhile the right to a fair trial should be at the heart of any democratic society, this requirement has an axiomatic significance in a court dedicated to the fight against impunity and the protection of human rights, such as the International Criminal Court. In view of the few judgments rendered in over ten years of this permanent Court's existence, this study might seem somewhat premature.Rather, this analysis purports to shed light on the diverse nature of the Court's activities and the unique character of its procedures. Enshrined by the European Court of Human Rights, the right to a fair trial is expressed in the form of regulations that govern not only the relationships between the parties, but also the interaction of individuals with the Court. The concept of the right to a fair trial may be familiar to legal experts trained in different legal traditions. Still its interpretation is fraught with challenges that are new and specific to this permanent Court. The structural and normative hybridity of the ICC will inevitably influence not only the treatment of this concept, but also the unique interpretation that this fundamental right deserves. Against the backdrop of the innovative nature of this Court, it would be remiss of the author of this thesis not to consider the right to a fair trial through the unique prism of the victim, the new face in the trial. Often excluded from the judicial debate on the fairness of the proceedings, this analysis will nevertheless endeavour to place this stakeholder back in the heart of the concerns over the conduct of a fair trial
40
Lee, Lung-Chieh, i 李龍杰. "Design and Simulation of SiC Dual Trench Accumulation Channel Field Effect Transistor (ACCUFET) Structure". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87879839116508197352.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
碩士國立臺灣大學
工程科學及海洋工程學研究所
102
To improve the energy conversion efficiency of power electronic systems, it is necessary to reduce the power losses during switching and on-state conduction of power semiconductor devices. SiC power devices are the best candidates because they have excellent material properties for high power density and high temperature applications. Among all sorts of power devices, SiC power MOSFET attracts the most attention because of its high frequency switching capability. However, low channel mobility, high interface state density as well as inferior oxide reliability still remain to be major obstacles to the development of SiC power MOSFET over the years. Therefore, it is imperative for us to overcome these issues. One way is to devise new power device structure. In this thesis, a novel device structure called “dual trench ACCUFET” is proposed. We then simulate its electric performance and fabrication processes by using Silvaco software. After that, we analyze the simulation results and optimize the device’s performance by parameter, such as doping concentration, thickness and width, hoping to design a device exhibiting the breakdown voltage of 1200 volts, the on-resistance under 5 and the threshold voltage between 2 to 4 volts.
41
Cassim, Fawzia. "Sentencing the juvenile accused". Diss., 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/16357.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The abolition of corporal punishment in S v Williams and Others 1995 (3) SA 632
(CC) provided the state with the impetus to consider alternative sentencing
options. Unsystematic efforts by the government to reform the juvenile justice
system have failed abysmally. The government was forced to review its policies
on juvenile sentencing. An examination of international trends reveals the
imposition of stricter measures of punishment for serious and violent juvenile
offenders. Community-based sentencing options are used mainly for first-time
offenders. The focus has also shifted from punishment and retribution to
prevention and treatment. It is advocated that serious and violent juvenile
offenders be incarcerated in secure-care facilities and/or juvenile prisons and that
community-based sentencing options be utilised for first-time offenders. The
government should also design programmes that deal with situations that lead to
crime and delinquencyCriminal & Procedural Law
LL.M. (Law)
42
Lin, Yen-Ju, i 林妍汝. "The Constitutional Right to Counsel of the Accused". Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05483587371088148564.
Pełny tekst źródła
43
Motubatse, Mosinki Justice. "Protection of the rights of an unpresented accused". Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1194.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Thesis (LLM. (Management and Development)) -- University of Limpopo, 2014Every accused person has the right to a fair trial which encompasses the right to adduce and challenge evidence in court. Whilst the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa confers the right to legal representation, an accused person may still opt to conduct his or her own defence. Once an unrepresented accused opts to conduct his or her own defence, the presiding officer then becomes obliged to assist the undefended accused to present his or her own case. South Africa adheres to the accusatorial / adversarial system. Under the accusatorial / adversarial system the presiding judicial officer is in the role of a detached umpire, who should not descend the arena of the duel between the state and the defence for fear of becoming partial or of losing perspective as a result of the dust caused by the affray between the state and the defence. Under the accusatorial/adversarial system, a presiding officer may find it challenging to assist an unrepresented accused or may inadequately assist him or her. This may be so because a fair trial is not determined by ensuring exercise of one of the rights to a fair trial but all the rights to a fair trial. This mini-dissertation, on the injunction of section 35 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa which makes provision for the rights to a fair trial, covers the different rights of an unrepresented accused. This is done alongside related provisions of the Criminal Procedure Act 51 of 1977 and pertinent case law. The fat that an unrepresented accused has waived legal representation at the expense of the state and has opted to conduct his or her own defence should not be to his or her peril. The court has a constitutional injunction to protect and advance the rights of an unrepresented accused. Justice must not only be done but must also be seen to be done.
44
Steytler, Nicolaas Christiaan. "The undefended accused on trial : justice in the lower courts". Thesis, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5235.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Due to the party-orientation and professional nature of the adversary mode of criminal procedure, the principles of a fair trial are best observed where the accused is represented by a lawyer. Given the advantages to be gained from legal representation, the principle of equal justice requires that all accused should have access to legal assistance and thus that legal aid should be provided for indigent accused. The South African legal aid scheme cannot yet provide assistance to all indigent accused because of
the large number of these accused, the shortage of manpower and the lack of funds. There are, however, few legislative provisions to safeguard the rights of the vast majority of accused, arraigned in the lower courts, who remain undefended. The Supreme Court, in order to ensure that these accused are fairly tried, has imposed the following types of duties on judicial officers: (a) a duty to facilitate the accused's participation in the proceedings by advising him of his rights and duties and assisting him in their exercise; (b) a duty to control the prosecutor in the exercise of his powers; and (c) a duty to conduct an enquiry before arriving at administrative-type decisions. These duties are, however, inadequate to achieve the Court's, objective because, firstly, not all, rights are made
accessible to the accused, and secondly, the duties are inadequate to ensure that the accused's guilt is reliably established. The failure of the legislature and the Supreme Court to incorporate the principle of equal justice into the legal process, has resulted in court proceedings that are
characterized by unjust practices and outcomes. To ensure the more equitable prosecution of undefended accused it is suggested that an activist judicial officer should be responsible for the enforcement of all the principles of a fair trial (which would be concretized in clear legal rules)
in an impartial manner, with his decisionmaking routinely supervised by the Supreme Court.Thesis (LL.D.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1986.
45
Su, Jun Cheng, i 蘇俊誠. "The study of corroborating evidence--on the accused''s confession mainly". Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76357342101780274720.
Pełny tekst źródła
46
LIU, YI-MIN, i 劉毅民. "Comparison of the Detention of Accused System in Taiwan and Mainland China". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/br7e77.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
碩士中國文化大學
法律學系
105
Mandarin China and Taiwan are two different countries separates from the Taiwan Strait. Although these two countries located in the area near by, due to the international status、historic factors and many other issues, the laws in the countries still remains many differences. As for the criminal procedure law, the “Detention” system allows the country to imprison the suspects before the verdict of guilty is certain, so it has been considered as the most strongest penalty for the people before trails in the most developed countries. Further more, most developed countries agree that the only way to maintain the human rights and the other legal rights by law for the suspects is make the “Detention” system as an independent measure. Because of the balance between the human rights and crime investigation, the period of detain must be limited. However, in Mandarin China crime procedure law, there is no measure named “Detention”. For them, detention is the result from “Custody” and “Arrest”. Another difference form most developed countries, is the institutions which make the determination of detention. According to their criminal procedure law, the police institution、the procuratorate and the public court all have the right to take the suspects into custody, meanwhile, they used to take the “Custody” and the “Arrest” as the same determination, that makes custody could be the beginning of the detention. It’s also one of the reasons that their “Detention” system is totally different from us. Based on those differences, despite of the literal meaning of the law, they make a lot of exceptions in advance which make the real period of detention in China is obviously much longer than the international standard. This article starting from the course of change and development of detention, then make a interpretation of Taiwan’s current “ Detention” system. As for the part of China, will be introduced separately with “Summon ”、 ”Custody”、 ”Arrest”、 “Waiting for trail and on a bail” and “House detention” in proper order. In the end, to compare the detention system with different countries, and try to make a conclusion for the suggestions to amend the laws.
47
Mmakola, M. K. "State obligation to provide legal representation to an unrepresented detainee or accused". Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/84.
Pełny tekst źródła
48
Shen, Yi-Lin, i 沈依玲. "The Study of the Right to Counsel of the Accused in Criminal Proceedings". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77466055394009643967.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
碩士銘傳大學
法律學系碩士班
97
To be brief, the mission of criminal proceedings can be mostly accounted for by natural justice and formal justice. In that the protection of due process is the basis of the formalization in national punishment. Besides, the requirement of due process including the equivalence of the parties concerned, the procedural fairness and the protection of right belonging to the accused, should all be founded on the principle of equal arms. Therefore, the execution of the due process is to secure the defendant’s right to seize all the right he should have associated with lawsuit by the help of lawyer. In this way, the defendant will be treated fairly in the lawsuit. We follow by the serious discussion in the development of the lawyer institution, the proceedings of embedded knowledge of the real right of defense to understand the cultivation of right to counsel. Further, the role of the counsel becomes more important as we are adopting the adversary system in improving type instead of the inquisitorial system in our national judicial system. Consequently, the accused should be provided with substantial help in not only court but also in the process of inspection or even in the interrogation by the police.
49
Hazlett, David Lorne. "Glycogen utilization in the athlete under conditions of accute, moderate hypoxia". Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/4322.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
It is common knowledge that diet and endurance training both have a major impact on body glycogen stores and carbohydrate metabolism. Usual nutritional recommendations for athletes
participating in endurance activities are to consume at least 8 grams of carbohydrate per
kilogram body weight. This level of carbohydrate intake has been found to optimally maintain muscle glycogen stores in actively training endurance athletes. This recommendation has been based on athletic activity undertaken under sea level conditions. A survey of the literature
shows that this recommendation has never been investigated in athletes exercising under hypoxic conditions such as at altitude. Theoretical and experimental evidence would predict that under hypoxic conditions, one strategy which could maintain ATP production in the face of
decreased oxygen availability is to increase flux through the glycolytic pathway. Increased glycolytic flux could ultimately affect carbohydrate use which could in turn lead to enhanced muscle glycogen use. If this did occur, it could have implications for dietary advice given to athletes exercising at altitude. It was our intent to see if these alterations occur with exercise
under acute exposure to moderate altitudes such as those an athlete could conceivably face during competition. To investigate this possibility, muscle glycogen utilization was assessed during exercise at sea level (SL) and with acute exposure to simulated altitude (ALT) equivalent to 7500 feet
above sea level. Six endurance trained cyclists exercised for 75 minutes at the same relative exercise intensity (65% of VO2 ma x) under each condition. In addition to glycogen use, plasma lactate serum glucose, and respiratory exchange ratios (RER) were also evaluated to assess whether any shift in substrate use occurred between conditions. There was a trend towards
decreased muscle glycogen use under ALT conditions, however the difference was not found to be significant (P=0.09). Plasma lactate, serum glucose, and RER findings were also found to be not significantly different between conditions. This data suggests that exercise at the same
relative intensity at ALT as SL does not result in enhanced carbohydrate use. From this it is inferred that under the conditions used, oxygen supply to exercising muscle is not diminished. These findings also suggest that in highly trained cyclists undertaking exercise under moderate
altitude conditions, no increase in carbohydrate intake is necessary above that recommended for exercise of equivalent intensity at sea level.
50
WANG, CHWEN, i 王淳. "The impact of Indictment or Detention of Accused of chairmen movement on stock price". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86256397826295756967.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
碩士國立高雄第一科技大學
財務管理系碩士專班
105
This paper studies whether the announcements of indictments or detentions of accused of chairmen have the impact on stock price. Using the event study method, this paper discusses the impacts of indictments or detentions of accused of chairmen on stock price movement from January, 2008 to April, 2017. This paper finds negative impacts on stock price only on the next trading day of indictment events. However, it has negative impact on stock price prior to and after two trading days of the detention events of accused.