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Rock, Ellen Maree. "Accountability Deficits and Overloads: a missing framework". Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/147898.
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Accountability is touted as an essential feature of modern democratic society, said to underpin the legitimacy of our system of government. Given its lofty status, it is unsurprising that the concept has given rise to the search for accountability ‘deficits’, claims that a particular mechanism or area is lacking in accountability. At the other extreme sit accountability ‘overloads’, claims that a particular mechanism or area over-delivers on accountability. Though claims of deficit and overload are prevalent in academic and social discourse, little work has been done to explore the content of these concepts. This thesis posits that claims of accountability deficit and overload conceal two steps in logic. The first hidden assumption is that it is possible to define a ‘benchmark’ of accountability. The ideas of deficit and overload are essentially claims of ‘not enough’ accountability, on the one hand, and ‘too much’ accountability on the other. In order to make good on that claim, we must first accept that it is possible to describe what ‘enough’ accountability looks like. In other words, we must be able to articulate an ideal benchmark of accountability against which we can compare a given mechanism or area, and find that it either falls short of or exceeds that expectation. One possible way of giving shape to such a benchmark would be to transform the mechanistic framework frequently used to analyse accountability mechanisms (ie who is accountable to whom, for what and how?) into a normative framework (ie who should be accountable to whom, for what and how?). The difficulty, as explored in this thesis, is that in order to give shape to that normative benchmark, we are called on to resolve complex debates regarding our views and expectations of government, issues that have troubled legal philosophers for centuries. These complexities are concealed when we make claims by reference to the anomalous notion of accountability. The second hidden assumption in claims of accountability deficit and overload is that the claimant has located the particular mechanism under scrutiny within the wider system of accountability mechanisms. After all, there is little merit in a claim that a particular shortfall in one mechanism represents an accountability gap unless one can also establish that this shortfall is not ameliorated by other mechanisms within the system. Likewise, in making a claim that the accumulation of mechanisms represents an accountability overload, it is necessary to accept that those mechanisms in fact operate simultaneously to produce that effect. Missing from the literature, however, is a detailed explanation of the various types of relationship dynamics that might exist between accountability mechanisms, which in many cases will have the effect of ameliorating those concerns. This thesis unpacks these hidden assumptions, ultimately demonstrating that much more work needs to be done to give concrete shape to the concepts of accountability deficits and overloads. If accountability is indeed a foundational concept underpinning our system of government, there is merit in meeting this challenge head-on.
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Rulashe, Tando. "An assessment of public accountability mechanisms towards eradicating corruption in the Eastern Cape". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/1960.
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The study critically examined the implementation of Public Accountability strategies and mechanisms: A case of Buffalo City Municipality. The problem statement gave emphases on the multiple cases drawn from stats reflected in domestic surveys that shows how corruption and maladministration have impacted the province negatively as well as the extreme poverty lines that dominate the communities in the republic and also the province. The New Public Management Theory was used to interpret the manner in which the participants were expected to give their views on leadership and accountability among others key issues. The objectives of the study were to; To assess the mechanisms implemented by Buffalo City Municipality., To explore the challenges affecting public accountability enforcement mechanisms in Buffalo City Municipality towards eradicating corruption, Determine the manner through which the Buffalo City Municipality can adopt tried and tested mechanism from Regional, national & international case studies on how to effective enforce public accountability for the sustainable management and curbing of corruption for effective and efficient service delivery and to recommend new mechanisms which Buffalo City Municipality can utilise in enforcing public accountability towards eradicating corruption in its institutions in order to encourage sustainable community development through service delivery. The study adopted a case study approach based on a mixed method paradigm where data was collected through a questionnaire, interviews and document analysis. Case studies are normally associated with qualitative research, but can also be used as a method of inquiry employing a positivist epistemology and ontology. A total sample of 50 participants was chosen through a non-probability sampling technique. The major findings of the study reflected that there is a huge break in communication between government and the citizens in the locality while also establishing that the mechanisms currently being used were only as good as the factors influencing their implementation among other issues. Major recommendations included community engagement, capacity building and skills development, retention and expansion, lack of resources, promote individual independence of the community and the enhancement the Public Participation Unit.
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Reck, Jacqueline L. "The usefulness of financial & nonfinancial performance accountability information in resource allocation decisions /". free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1996. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9737879.
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Palmer, Darren, i n/a. "State Police in a State of Change: Remaking the Entrepreneurial Officer". Griffith University. School of Arts, Media and Culture, 2005. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20051129.152016.
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We are currently at a point in time in Australia where questions concerning how to govern police have never been more pressing or more fluid. Systemic corruption has been identified in several states; a range of new accountability mechanisms have been established internal and external to police and in Victoria police corruption has been linked with a violent 'gangland war'. This thesis locates these contemporary developments within a broader analysis of the historical circumstances shaping the changing techniques for governing state police. More specifically, this thesis engages in a detailed comparative study of the changing techniques of governing police in Queensland and Victoria. The theoretical tools to conduct this analysis are drawn from 'governmentality studies'. This refers to a broad grouping of theoretical scholarship concerned with the changing ideas - or 'political rationalities' - on how to govern some thing or some activity, and the underlying reasoning, justifications and ambitions contained within the practical tools or 'techniques' used to govern. Central to the thesis is an argument that a new politics of policing has emerged recently, one that extends the dyad of the old accountability - 'police powers' and 'external accountability' - to a pluralisation of accountability processes and structures. The thesis argues that governmentality studies offer new insights into ways of analysing the techniques for governing state police, increasingly shaped by the managerialisation of governing and embodying efforts to make police innovative, risk-taking problems-solvers. This is what I refer to as an open-ended normative project for re-making the entrepreneurial officer. However, a detailed examination of the development of governmental techniques for 'making up' the entrepreneurial officer indicates that such a governmental project is not implemented unproblematically. Nonetheless, the thesis concludes that the attempts to remake the entrepreneurial officer through the managerialisation of governing presents distinct possibilities for a new 'politics of policing' that fosters deliberative, reflective police practice within a new framework of police accountabilities.
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Khumalo, Mildred Tariro. "An investigation of the efficacy of the Office of the Auditor-General in ensuring public financial accountability in the Gauteng Province". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/283.
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Increasing accountability is a key element in a wide variety of governance reforms, from national level, public sector restructuring, to anti corruption campaigns and to centralise service delivery at local levels. (Van Wyk, 2002:311). Financial accountability has a major effect on performance issues, and these two combined have implications on democratic accountability. It is obviously a fact that when public officials become accountable, this will have a positive effect on service delivery. The introduction of the Public Finance Management Act (PFMA) 1999 (Act 1 of 1999) as amended by Act 29 of 1999 adopts an approach to financial management, which emphasises the need for accountability of results by focusing on output and responsibility rather than the rule driven approach of the previous Exchequer Acts. One quickly realises that the PFMA aims to regulate financial management at both National and Provincial levels of government. It directs attention at revenue, expenditure, assets and liabilities and aims to see that these are managed efficiently and effectively. Public finance accountability is increasingly becoming important in the public sector. One means of effecting accountability is through auditing. For this reason the Office of the Auditor -General through the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1996 (Act 108 of 1996 section 216 (1)) was established to facilitate effective accountability through auditing. The Office of the Auditor -General’s role is by no means minor, for it plays a major role in curbing corruption and acts as a ‘watchdog’ of the nation over public funds. Amidst high mismanagement and misuse of public resources, as well as corruption, especially in developing countries, the major question one asks is how effective the Auditor -General can be in ensuring effective public financial management and accountability within state departments so as to improve service delivery.
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Palmer, Darren. "State Police in a State of Change: Remaking the Entrepreneurial Officer". Thesis, Griffith University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367640.
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We are currently at a point in time in Australia where questions concerning how to govern police have never been more pressing or more fluid. Systemic corruption has been identified in several states; a range of new accountability mechanisms have been established internal and external to police and in Victoria police corruption has been linked with a violent 'gangland war'. This thesis locates these contemporary developments within a broader analysis of the historical circumstances shaping the changing techniques for governing state police. More specifically, this thesis engages in a detailed comparative study of the changing techniques of governing police in Queensland and Victoria. The theoretical tools to conduct this analysis are drawn from 'governmentality studies'. This refers to a broad grouping of theoretical scholarship concerned with the changing ideas - or 'political rationalities' - on how to govern some thing or some activity, and the underlying reasoning, justifications and ambitions contained within the practical tools or 'techniques' used to govern. Central to the thesis is an argument that a new politics of policing has emerged recently, one that extends the dyad of the old accountability - 'police powers' and 'external accountability' - to a pluralisation of accountability processes and structures. The thesis argues that governmentality studies offer new insights into ways of analysing the techniques for governing state police, increasingly shaped by the managerialisation of governing and embodying efforts to make police innovative, risk-taking problems-solvers. This is what I refer to as an open-ended normative project for re-making the entrepreneurial officer. However, a detailed examination of the development of governmental techniques for 'making up' the entrepreneurial officer indicates that such a governmental project is not implemented unproblematically. Nonetheless, the thesis concludes that the attempts to remake the entrepreneurial officer through the managerialisation of governing presents distinct possibilities for a new 'politics of policing' that fosters deliberative, reflective police practice within a new framework of police accountabilities.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Arts, Media and Culture
Full Text
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Baker, Daniel Brice. "Cultivating Community-Focused Norms in Law Enforcement: Servant Leadership, Accountability Systems, and Officer Attitudes". The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1598002684985815.
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Gaullier-Camus, Florent. "La responsabilité financière des gestionnaires publics". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0233.
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La responsabilité financière des acteurs de la gestion publique s’appréhende traditionnellement à travers le prisme du principe de séparation des ordonnateurs et des comptables publics. Strictement différenciée entre la responsabilité des comptables devant les juridictions des comptes et la responsabilité des autres gestionnaires publics devant la Cour de discipline budgétaire et financière, son analyse globalisée semblait manquer de pertinence. Depuis les années 2000, le droit public financier a cependant connu des évolutions majeures, principalement issues de la LOLF, de la loi du 28 décembre 2011 et du GBCP. Cette modernisation du cadre juridique de la gestion publique semble renouveler l’approche conceptuelle de la responsabilité financière. Constatant un rapprochement progressif de ceux qui exécutent les opérations financières publiques, de leurs juges, mais aussi des mécanismes du contrôle juridictionnel de l’argent public, cette recherche se propose de défendre une conception unitaire et autonome de la responsabilité financièreThe financial responsibility of stakeholders in public management is traditionally understood through the principle of the separation of authorizing officers and public accountants. Strictly differentiated between the responsibility of accountants before the French court of auditors (Cour des comptes) and the responsibility of other public managers before the Budget and Finance Disciplinary Court (CDBF), its global analysis seemed to lack relevance. However, public financial law has undergone major developments since the 2000s, mainly originating from the Institutional Act on Finance Laws (LOLF), the Law of December 28, 2011 and the Public Budgetary and Accounting Management (GBCP). Such modernisation of the judicial framework in public management seems to be renewing the conceptual approach to financial responsibility. Noting a gradual rapprochement of those who implement financial public transactions, their judges, and the mechanisms of the judicial control of public money, this research proposes to support a unitary and autonomous conception of financial responsibility system
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Talavera, Cano Andrés, i Huamán Julio Olórtegui. "Can the Amiable Compositeur System Be the Support Needed by the Public Attorney to Settle Disputes and Not Submit them to Arbitration?" Derecho & Sociedad, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118616.
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It is known the case of the public attorneys that, having the opportunity to settle a controversy aroused between the public entity and the contractor, prefer to submit that dispute to arbitration with higher costs that this decision cause to the State. The reason? The concern of having «the reasonableness of his decision to settle the dispute» subjected to an administrative responsibility procedure.This paper aims to discuss this problem and analyze a possible solution. Thus, taking into consideration the Colombian experience and the recent Peruvian regulation in the «Reglamento de la Ley de APPs», the authors suggest to include in the «Nueva Ley de Contrataciones del Estado» the «Amicable Compositor» as a mechanism of alternative dispute resolution.Es conocido el caso del procurador público que ante la posibilidad de transar los conflictos que surgen entre las entidades públicas y los contratistas, prefiere llevarlos a arbitraje con los mayores costos que dicha decisión genera para el Estado. El motivo responde a la preocupación de que se cuestione «la razonabilidad de su decisión de transar» imputándole responsabilidad mediante acciones de control.El presente artículo tiene como finalidad traer a discusión esta problemática así como una posible solución. De esta forma, teniendo en consideración la experiencia colombiana así como su reciente regulación en el Reglamento de la Ley de APPs, los autores proponen incluir en la Nueva Ley de Contrataciones del Estado la figura del «Amigable Componedor» como mecanismo alternativo de solución amigable de conflictos.
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Flores, Lucas Rodrigues. "Gestão do desempenho dos servidores públicos : um estudo de caso no Tribunal de Contas do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/169583.
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A pesquisa teve como objetivo resgatar e analisar a trajetória de implementação e os principais desdobramentos do Programa de Avaliação de Desempenho vigente no Tribunal de Contas do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. A relevância do estudo se apoia na atualidade do tema e no papel social desta Instituição no cenário do estado em relação à gestão pública. A questão orientadora do estudo propôs a identificação de aspectos referentes à experiência deste órgão na construção das atuais políticas e práticas de gestão do desempenho, sistematizando o legado deste Programa para a Instituição. A metodologia se apoiou na realização de um estudo de caso de caráter qualitativo, abarcando o período de existência do Programa, desde sua criação, em 2006, até o ano de 2016, em uma análise longitudinal. De maneira a abarcar os aspectos teóricos, fáticos e críticos desta realidade, foram pesquisados elementos contextuais, humanos, teóricos e legais que contribuíram para a proposição de tal Programa. Como procedimentos para coleta de dados, realizou-se análise documental, a observação participante, além de entrevistas com pessoas-fonte, vinculadas à trajetória do Programa desde sua concepção. A revisão da literatura contemplou as transformações da administração pública brasileira, a gestão do desempenho, a meritocracia e a gestão por competências, com levantamento tanto de trabalhos clássicos nestas áreas como de estudos mais recentes sobre o tema nas bases de dados de trabalhos científicos e acadêmicos. Como principais conclusões, o estudo destaca a iniciativa dos gestores da Instituição à época, propondo um Programa inovador do ponto de vista das instituições públicas, evidenciando que, quando de sua implementação, o Programa causou reações semelhantes às comumente descritas na literatura no que se refere ao receio dos servidores em relação às consequências do processo de avaliação. O levantamento de dados apontou que o Programa já passou por algumas transformações ao longo de sua trajetória e está atualmente inserido na rotina e cultura institucionais. Os entrevistados foram unânimes em reconhecer o legado positivo do Programa analisado, o que afirma a importância de sua existência; contudo foram identificados alguns indicativos de que o Programa ainda necessitaria passar por revisões e ajustes para uma melhor efetivação de seus objetivos e adequação da cultura institucional. E tratando de instituição pública, a revisão da evolução da legislação vigente ao longo dos anos, juntamente com os respectivos registros documentais internos, foram de grande valia ao traçar paralelos com a produção teórica e acadêmica acerca da temática.The purpose of this research was to retrieve and analyze the implementation path and main outcomes of the Performance Management Program of the Audit State Court of Rio Grande do Sul. The relevance of the study is based on the current theme and on the social role of this Institution in the state scenario in relation to public management. The guiding question of the study proposed the identification of aspects related to the experience of this government office in the construction of the current policies and practices of performance management, systematizing the legacy of this Program to the Institution. The methodology was based on a qualitative case study, covering the period of existence of the Program, from its inception in 2006, through 2016, in a longitudinal analysis. To encompass the theoretical, factual and critical aspects of this reality, contextual, human, theoretical and legal elements that contributed to the proposal of such a Program were researched. As procedures for data collection, documentary analysis, participant observation, and interviews with relevant people were carried out, linked to the trajectory of the Program since its conception. The literature review included changes in Brazilian public administration, performance management, meritocracy, and competency management, with a review of both classical works in these areas and more recent studies on the subject in the databases of scientific and academic works. As main conclusions, the study highlights the initiative of the Institution's managers at the time, proposing an innovative Program from the point of view of public institutions, showing that, when implemented, the Program caused similar reactions to those commonly described in the literature regarding to the fear of the employees regarding the consequences of the evaluation process. The data collection pointed out that the Program has undergone some transformations throughout its trajectory and is currently inserted in institutional routine and culture. The interviewees were unanimous in recognizing the positive legacy of the Program under review, which affirms the importance of their existence; however, some indicators were identified that the Program would still need to undergo revisions and adjustments to the better achievement of its objectives and adequacy of the institutional culture. As a public institution, the review of the evolution of the legislation over the years, together with the respective internal documentary records, was of great value in drawing parallels with the theoretical and academic production on the subject.
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Mungai, Moses Kahiga. "The wealth declaration system in Kenya: a Critical study". University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7644.
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Magister Legum - LLMThe culture of corruption is rooted deeply in Kenya. It may be described as an incurable infectious disease.1 Kenya has been ranked as one of the most corrupt countries in the world. For the last three years, Kenya has scored less than 27 percent in the Corruption Perceptions Index published by Transparency International. Corruption persists mainly because those in public office benefit from it and the existing institutions lack both the will and capacity to stop it. It persists despite the legislation, institutions and measures that have been put in place to fight it.3 The Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission is the main institution mandated to combat corruption in Kenya. The primary anti-corruption laws are the Public Officer Ethics Act No 4 of 2003, the Leadership and Integrity Act No 18 of 2014, the Public Officer Ethics (Management, Verification and Access to Financial Declaration) Regulations of 2011 and the Kenyan Constitution of 2010. One of the key anti-corruption measures is the system of wealth declarations by public officials established by the Public Officer Ethics Act (POEA). The POEA did not have an easy passage into law. When it was introduced in 2002, Kenya was governed by the Kenya African National Union (KANU), led by President Moi. The regime was characterised by autocratic rule, high levels of politically sanctioned corruption, rapid economic decline and massive accumulation of wealth for the politically connected.4 Unsurprisingly, President Moi did not assent to the enactment of the POEA. The National Rainbow Coalition (NARC) came into power in 2003 and re-commenced the process to pass the POEA into law. This was done with a view to curbing corruption and bolstering donor confidence.5 Regrettably, the NARC administration quickly replicated the corrupt practices of its predecessor, despite being elected on a platform of zero tolerance towards corruption. The new administration, which had promised war on corruption, instead was embracing corruption and denying citizens constitutional reforms.
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Kerrigan, Austin. "Police accountability: the role of the complaints against police office". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1992. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31976980.
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Carver, Susan D. "High Stakes Testing and Accountability Mandates: Impact on Central Office Leadership". [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1227281262.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kent State University, 2008.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Feb. 22, 2010). Advisor: Anita Varrati. Keywords: accountability; case study; central office administrators; data driven decision making; directives; distributed leadership; high stakes tests; K-12 leadership; mandates; NCLB; Ohio; reform; state report cards; strategies; superintendent. Includes bibliographical references (p. 236-252).
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Selaratana, Sannudee. "Accountability in the Thai public sector". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2009. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1280/.
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The objectives of the thesis are: (1) to contribute to the literature on the issue of accountability in public sector organisations in a developing country; and (2) to explore the relationship between accountability theory and accountability aspects implemented and reflected in a developing country. There are three general research questions: How is accountability as defined in a western context reflected by public sector organisations in a developing country?; How do government departments in a developing country implement accountability?; and How does the experience of implementation in a developing country help us think about theories of accountability? In order to achieve these objectives, this thesis explores accountability in the Thai public sector with a particular focus on Thai government departments. It is motivated by the implementation of public sector reform in Thailand and the promulgation of the Royal Decree on Criteria and Procedures for Good Governance B.E. 2546 (2003) following the Asian Economic Crisis in 1997 in order to recover Thailand from the crisis and to enhance accountability in operations. From the literature review, a practical guideline, based on four concepts of accountability in practice, is developed for conducting interviews, and an analytical framework of coding schemes is developed for analysing the interview data. There are two main empirical parts. The first part is an interview-based case study, where semi-structured interviews were conducted, while the second examines communications in the public domain, where the content analysis was conducted. The implementation of the aspects of accountability from western society does not lead to the creation of an entirely new system. It helps people in society to realise what they had in the past and clarifies the aspects of accountability that should be implemented. To enhance accountability in government departments, some improvement is needed. There are some factors such as cultural perspectives, incentives, motivations, pressures, systems, and organisational culture that influence the accountability relationship. The contribution is (1) to discuss the literature on accountability issues in a developing country and (2) to link the findings with accountability theory in the public sector in a developing country. The findings show that the understanding of the aspects of accountability, the focus on types of accountability, qualification and educational training, and cultural perspectives, including motivations and incentives of accountors and accountees, affect the accountability relationship and how a developing country implements accountability.
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Smyth, Stewart. "Social housing and accountability : towards a framework for analysing critical public accountability". Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2013. http://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/321660/.
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This thesis explores the manner in which accountability relations are made, re-made and exercised in a British public service. Developing a framework that captures these processes and lays the foundations for further application to other public services is the aim of this thesis. The focus of the study is the privatisation of council housing through large-scale voluntary transfers (LSVTs). Council housing is a service that has democratic accountability relations at its heart via directly elected municipal representatives. Over the past three decades the neoliberalisation of this public service has reformed these accountability relations; moving them to corporate governance-styled accountability, in not-for-profit private limited companies. This process has generated a reaction in the form of civil society campaigns that contest the transfers. The outcome is either to reproduce the existing democratic accountability relations or transform them to privatised corporate governance-styled accountability. The thesis develops a theoretical framework rooted in the classical Marxist tradition and extended to include a critical realist theory of science and a materialist dialogical theory of language. The framework is applied to three comparative case studies in the search for generative mechanisms and the context they operate in. The case studies are developed using data from documentary sources, interviews, secondary statistics and observation. The main contribution to knowledge is an integrated two triadic research framework (of, Neoliberalisation – Reaction/Contestation – Reproductions or Transformation; and a dynamic relationship between the state and civil society)for analysing changes in public accountability relations. There is also a second empirically-based contribution relevant to the accounting literature, with the focus on the actions of tenants and other civil society actors in making, re-making and exercising accountability relations. Both these contributions can be seen as staging-posts on the way to developing a theory of Critical Public Accountability.
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Hwang, Kwang Seon. "The Impact of Accountability and Accountability Management on Performance at the Street Level". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/23743.
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Performance management is prevalent in public organizations and public services, but the push for performance may harm genuine accountability. One critical reason for this is that little knowledge has developed about the scope and effect of actual accountability requirements in the public management field. This dissertation furthers our understanding of accountability and performance by distinguishing them as different dimensions of public management. Building on this distinction, the effect of accountability (A) on performance (P) and accountability management’s (M) mediating role in the relationship between accountability and performance were investigated empirically in child welfare services in Virginia. The study had two stages: interviews and a survey. The qualitative content analysis of the interviews provides several noteworthy findings. Accountability can be understood more with the terms: explanation, expectation, people/society, action/decision, and values. Conversely, performance can be considered more in line with the terms: productivity/outcome, timely work, team playing, learning, and strategy. The incompatible characteristics found between accountability and performance highlight problems behind performance-driven accountability. The survey portion of the study, built upon the interview data, also presents notable findings. (1) Accountability affects performance both directly and indirectly, and (2) accountability management matters in the relationship between accountability and performance. While the empirical literature on the A → P link focuses on the effects of competing accountability requirements, my study examines dimensions of the accountability requirements’ impact. Formal (e.g., legal) as well as informal (e.g., ethical) accountability requirements are critical for ensuring higher performance. Compliance strategies implicitly connect informal accountability requirements with work performance. The findings support the study’s argument that accountability should be stressed for better performance and highlight the need for the careful design of accountability mechanisms in social services. Ultimately, this study may serve as a foundation for future efforts to establish more appropriate accountability and performance arrangements.Ph. D.
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Berry, Gerald J. "Private ethics and public office". Thesis, University of Surrey, 1991. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843634/.
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The apparent dichotomy between public and private morality and the problem of justifying 'raison d'etat' has been a constant problem in political philosophy since the publication of Machiavelli's 'II Principe'. In this thesis the conflict between personal morality and the demands of public office are examined in the light of the ethical and political systems of Hobbes, Locke, Bentham, Kant and Bosanquet all of which to a greater or lesser extent fail not only to answer the questions raised but to provide a comprehensive justification of the grounds for ethical conduct. It is contended here that the morality of self perfection, coupled with the acceptance of the notion of Natural Law as a yardstick against which both legislation and executive acts of public officials can be judged, does provide a unifying moral principle capable of bridging the gap between political action and private conscience. Statesmen, politicians and public officials cannot shirk the hard decisions that often go with public office but if they recognise a wrongful act for what it is and subscribe to a morality which includes an ethic of character then the chances of their being corrupted are greatly reduced.
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Ramsey, (Sr ). Lonzale. ""Strategies For Inclusive And Responsive Police Accountability"". ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6096.
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In the United States of America today, there are concerns regarding the appropriate functioning of the police service and a lack of effective police accountability. African Americans have often been victims of unprofessional police conduct; however, their views have rarely been found adequately represented in the literature on the subject. The purpose of this case study was to fill this identified gap in the academic literature. A conceptual framework composed of the afrocentric, environmental contingency, and conflict theories was used to guide and inform this inquiry. The main research question focused on discovering which form of police oversight is seen as the most trusted, respected, and fair method of ensuring police accountability from an African American perspective in a mid-western U.S. city. Data were collected through review of pertinent documents, and through interviews and observation of 8 purposefully selected members of the African American community in the city. All data were inductively coded and then subjected to thematic analysis.The key finding of this study revealed that the most trusted, respected, and fair method of ensuring police accountability within the local African American community is a process that is not controlled only by the police. Participants consistently noted that it was their belief that an outside person, board, committee, or agency should evaluate cases of unprofessional police conduct, when appropriate. The findings of this study resulted in recommendations to the police leadership that may provide increased understanding, give a voice to this community, assist in devising good public policy, and benefit all citizens of the region.
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Menezes, Carlos. "The Accountability of public museums in Portugal". Thesis, Federation University Australia, 2015. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/97112.
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This research examines the historical development and current state of accountability practices in Portugal’s public museums, within the context of New Public Management (NPM) philosophies. The study addresses the following research questions: (1) What systems of accountability presently apply to Portugal's public museums? (2) What are the historical determinants of these systems and what has been the role of NPM? (3) Relative to the objectives and missions of the museums, what deficiencies are evident in the systems of accountability and how might these be redressed? New institutional theory, supplemented by the concepts of path dependency, practical drift and governmentality, provides the theoretical framework for examining the historical determinants of accountability practices, identifying the limitations of those practices, and proposing possible solutions. This study adopts an interpretative paradigm and an inductive reasoning approach. The research uses a case study approach based on the Portuguese Museums Network. The study combines quantitative, archival and qualitative (interviews) data. The survey was administered to directors and other people directly responsible for the management of public museums and yielded 220 usable responses. The analysis of archival data included historical documents available in the archives of museums, legislation, newspapers and historical books. Finally, 26 interviews were conducted with directors and other personnel from nine museums and six interviews were conducted with representatives from the central government and relevant professional associations. The findings show that present accountability systems in Portuguese public museums are hierarchical and frail and provide limited information for meaningful accountability evaluations. In addition, accountability has been influenced by historical path dependency, leading to museums being used as instruments of governmentality for controlling citizens, society and public organisations. The implementation of NPM and double entry bookkeeping are reflections of a process of institutional isomorphism that has led to a process of “double talking” and the adoption of practical drift situations. The accountability deficiencies identified – within the context of the missions and objectives of museums – lead to a set of recommendations to improve accountability in the sector. Managerial implications stemming from the study entail, for example, giving more managerial autonomy to the museums; periodically auditing the collections and their scope; and, producing new accounting rules that reflect and involve relevant stakeholders.Doctor of Philosophy
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Bayliss, Rachel. "Conflicting modes of accountability : a user perspective". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262900.
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Alfan, Ervina. "Public Accountability : The case of Malaysian tolled Highways". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.509835.
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Rowe, Michael Richard. "Public accountability : understanding through the accounts of others". Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343541.
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This work reconsiders the meanings attached to the concept of public accountability. While formally central to the constitution in the UK, its meaning is a contested one. After reviewing the literature, the work situates the concept of accountability in two case studies, each a discretionary service provided to vulnerable individuals. In this context, the research critically reviews the way in which the concept of accountability operates in practice, and particularly whether it meets the expressed neeeds of individuals and groups to whom the services are accountable. The central arguments emerging from this work challenge the established meanings of the concept of accountability, ones associated with control, redress, responsibility and with blame. The formal accounts presented of each case study differed markedly from those presented by managers, frontline service providers, welfare rights advisers and user advocates. As such, these formal accounts were misleading, bearing little relationship to the experienceo of users. Rather, the work suggests the need for a more reflexive, socialising model in which accountability is a means to understanding the nature of public services through the stories, the accounts, others tell of those services. The actions of public servants are better understood in the light of the experience of applicants or users. In this sense it is more concerned with dialogue than it is with mechanisms of control. As such, this alternative conceptualisation of accountability presents both a challenge and an opportunity. Opening up a dialogue that genuinely includes the voices of vulnerable and excluded groups and that moves beyond the current language of blame and responsibility to embrace understanding requires a degree of political maturity and a cultural shift in the public sector. Yet, through such dialogue, there is the potential to better understand public services and, in consequence, raise standards. The work advocates the need to include the accounts of citizens in our understanding of public services and of the concept of accountability.
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Bosman, Estelle. "Public corporate governance with specific emphasis on accountability". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95639.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.Corporate governance systems have evolved over centuries, often in response to corporate failures or system crises. From the early 1990s in South Africa, corporate governance began to reach prominence, prompted by losses from fraudulent activities within corporate entities such as Masterbond, Fidentia and Enron. Corporate governance is aimed at curtailing such fraudulent behaviour. In 1994, the elected democratic majority government of South Africa found that there were no standard rules or principles in place to either control or govern the delivery of services and the carrying out of policies. Government then made corporate governance a significant part of their strategic vision of restructuring. A protocol on corporate governance was published to provide guidance, specifically to the public sector in South Africa. In line with the protocol, policies and procedures were put in place in order to assist the public sector to meet corporate governance standards and best practice. It is apparent that the lack of systematic accountability can cost the public sector and the taxpayers of South Africa millions in terms of redoing work, inefficiency, workplace conflicts and misunderstandings. This in turn leads to ineffective work practices and leadership. This research study set out to establish how accountable the public sector is, specifically the Western Cape Government, concerning the protocol and the policies and procedures that are in place. The study aimed to evaluate the accountability of project coordinators within the Western Cape Government, specifically on construction projects. The literature review in the research report identifies the roles and responsibilities, stipulated in the policies and procedures, that the public sector needs to adhere to in order to be accountable. A scorecard was compiled to cross check the accountability of staff within the Western Cape Government in line with the policies and procedures in place. A construction project was used as an example on the scorecard and the outcome thereof is published in the report. This research report reveals the shortcoming of governance and specifically accountability within governance and determines how it could be addressed.
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Williamson, Alexandra K. "Perceptions on the accountability of public ancillary funds". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/129990/8/129990thesis.pdf.
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This study examines perceptions of nonprofit accountability in philanthropic organisations in Australia, specifically Public Ancillary Funds (PubAFs). PubAFs are charitable trusts that make grants and fundraise from the public. Commonly known types include community and corporate foundations, and flow-through funds for individual charities e.g. hospitals or schools. While PubAFs share a legal form and specific regulatory guidelines, they are very diverse with large variations in donors and beneficiaries. To date accountability of PubAFs has been largely assumed rather than systematically explored. This study strengthens understandings of to whom, for what, how and why PubAFs exercise accountability. Data from three sources (online databases, managers and trustees of PubAFs, and PubAF websites) was analysed. Existing theory on nonprofit accountability is extended and refined through the development of a typology, incorporating relationships and forms of accountability in PubAFs.
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Smith, Richard John McKenzie. "Accountability in education : reviewing the reviewers : a policy study of the Education Review Office". Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Educational Studies and Human Development, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1789.
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This thesis investigates the state's education accountability organisation, the Education Review Office (ERO), as a New Public Management (NPM) agency in transition. The period for 'reviewing the reviewers' covered its creation in 1989, through its various metamorphism until the agency's last external review 2000/2001. The ERO was a 'contested' agency established in competition with other central educational agencies to provide policy advice to the Minister. The analysis is based on an extensive study of the ERO's documentation and interviews with key informants and stakeholders. The ERO's methodology, which claimed consistency and validity through an explicit position that treated all schools the same, was examined against their own data. These data represent 1,477 of the ERO's reviews over a two and a half year period and this comprised approximately 30 per cent of all the ERO's review outputs from 1996 to 1998. Findings exposed major differences in levels of compliance between rural and urban schools, between schools in lower and higher SES deciles as well as some differences between school types. An over arching finding was that a level of inequity in the current system was due to the differential impact of the ERO's reviewing system on schools. This was manifest in the variables of the geographical location of the ERO Office, school location and school size. This belies ERO's own claims to national consistency in their evaluation of schools across the country and gives rise to question the validity and reliability of the ERO's own methodology. It also examines the Office's claims to independence, impartiality and objectivity, and outlines that these are ideological assertions, which require scrutiny. Examined from a multi-theoretical perspective using state theory, neo-marxist and managerialist discourses, the concept of accountability was shown to be a movable feast having been established, firstly, in terms of professional standards, and then in terms of fiscal imperatives following NPM principles. The ERO's application of accountability has promoted market mechanisms and in conjunction with their review procedures, these have acted as control mechanism over schools, forcing them into examining short term outputs on compliance issues rather than educational improvement outcomes for students. A central theme throughout the thesis followed Offe's claim that the state was constantly seeking to resolve tensions between democracy and the economy. The ERO, as state agency, extended its designated domain of authority beyond its statutory authority which raises constitutional issues for democracy in Aotearoa/New Zealand.
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Charochak, Suzanne M. "Central Office Leaders' Role in Supporting Principal Autonomy and Accountability in a Turnaround District". Thesis, Boston College, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:107995.
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Thesis advisor: Martin ScanlanThis qualitative case study explored the role of central office leaders in supporting autonomy and accountability in the Lawrence Public Schools. One of the key strategies of central office transformation is the creation of assistance relationships with principals (Honig et al., 2010), which serves as the conceptual framework for this study. Data was gathered from interviews with and observations of central office leaders and principals as well as a document review. The results of the study found that principals were granted broad autonomy in several areas of school leadership that resulted in improved student outcomes. Findings further noted that central office leaders engaged in assistance relationships and employed the key practices in their efforts to support principals. Principals reported that central office leaders employed these practices in each of the four decision-making areas of building leadership; budget, staffing, curriculum and assessment, and scheduling. While enacting autonomy for principals in building decision-making, central office leaders executed a “customer-service culture” of support. Recommendations include continual examination of assistance relationships among central office leaders in support of principals’ autonomy in the context of a turnaround district. Future researchers may continue to contribute to the growing body of literature by examining these findings and offering a longitudinal view of this practice. This strands’ findings may begin to provide insights into strategies that will add to school improvement efforts for chronically underperforming schools and districts
Thesis (EdD) — Boston College, 2018
Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education
Discipline: Educational Leadership and Higher Education
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Keeler, Rebecca L. "Democratic Accountability for Outsourced Government Services". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/654.
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Lauchs, Mark Adam. "Rational avoidance of accountability by Queensland governments". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2006. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16368/1/Mark_Lauchs_Thesis.pdf.
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Anthony Downs public choice theory proposes that every rational person would try to meet their own desires in preference to those of others, and that such rational persons would attempt to obtain these desires in the most efficient manner possible. This thesis submits that the application of this theory would mean that public servants and politicians would perform acts of corruption and maladministration in order to efficiently meet their desires. As such action is unavoidable, political parties must appear to meet the public demand for accountability systems, but must not make these systems viable lest they expose the corruption and maladministration that would threaten the government’s chance or re-election. The thesis demonstrates this hypothesis through a study of the history of the public sector in Queensland. It shows that all governments have displayed a commitment for accountability whilst simultaneously ensuring the systems would not be able to interfere with government control or expose its flaws.
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Lauchs, Mark Adam. "Rational avoidance of accountability by Queensland governments". Queensland University of Technology, 2006. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16368/.
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Anthony Downs public choice theory proposes that every rational person would try to meet their own desires in preference to those of others, and that such rational persons would attempt to obtain these desires in the most efficient manner possible. This thesis submits that the application of this theory would mean that public servants and politicians would perform acts of corruption and maladministration in order to efficiently meet their desires. As such action is unavoidable, political parties must appear to meet the public demand for accountability systems, but must not make these systems viable lest they expose the corruption and maladministration that would threaten the government’s chance or re-election. The thesis demonstrates this hypothesis through a study of the history of the public sector in Queensland. It shows that all governments have displayed a commitment for accountability whilst simultaneously ensuring the systems would not be able to interfere with government control or expose its flaws.
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Eudier, Frédérique. "Ordre public substantiel et office du juge". Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUEL197.
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L'objectif de cette thèse est l'étude des pouvoirs du juge (juge étatique et arbitral) dans la mise en œuvre de l'ordre public substantiel dans le procès civil. Dans la première partie est étudiée la nature de l'office du juge : celui-ci est dans l'obligation d'appliquer la règle impérative dont aucun des plaideurs n'a fait état sauf si cette règle n'est pas fondée sur des faits spécialement invoqués par les parties dans leurs prétentions. Dans la 2ème partie sont circonscrites les limites de l'office du juge : celui-ci doit trancher le litige dans le cadre procédural tracé par les parties et ne peut modifier l'objet du litige. Il doit, en outre, respecter le principe du contradictoire. Le juge doit également prendre en compte la renonciation éventuelle au droit litigieux par son titulaireThe aim of this thesis is to study the powers of the judge (court judge and arbitrator) with regard to the sanctionning of violations of substantial public policy in civil procedure. The first part is concerned with the nature of the fonction of the judge who must apply the peremptory rule which has not been stated by the litigants unless this rule is not based on the specific facts arising from the claims made by the parties. The second part deals with the limitations of the function of the judge. The latter must settle the dispute within the procedural framework traced by the parties and cannot modify the subject of the litigation, moreover he must respect the principle of full argumentations with cross examination. The judge must also take into account the possible waiver of his rights by the titular
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Ng, Siu-ling Giselle, i 吳小玲. "Accountability in public administration: the case of Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31214514.
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Berg, Julie. "Polycentric security governance : legitimacy, accountability, and the public interest". Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15493.
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This thesis examines how power is constituted in hybrid polycentric systems of security governance. In particular, the thesis explores how legitimacy - as one form of power - is configured in Improvement Districts in South Africa, with a specific focus on three ways by which it is gained: through promoting public participation in decision-making; through transparent and accountable policing nodes; and through the delivery of effective security for the public good. Polycentric systems of security governance are usually composed of a number of policing or security nodes that are independent of each other, but take account of each other in relationships of co-operation or conflict and where no single node dominates all the rest. In other words, some or all of these nodes, may co-ordinate around specific security problems or events in a sustained manner. The functioning of polycentric security governance was explored in Improvement Districts in Cape Town and Johannesburg, as they are an exemplar of polycentricity in the way that they operate. Qualitative field research was employed using a nodal analytical framework and a collective case study approach. In-depth interviewing, participant and direct observation as well as documentary analysis were the primary research methods employed. The findings of the research reveal that polycentricity impacts on legitimacy in a number of ways. Legitimacy may originate from multiple sources and state and non-state policing nodes within polycentric security governance systems may undermine, enhance and/or co-produce democratic participation, accountability and security for the public interest. There are a number of factors or conditions that shape whether polycentric systems of governance are legitimate and how they derive this legitimacy. The main finding of the thesis is that for a polycentric system to be aligned to the public interest, it needs to be motivated by public, peer and political expectations, amongst other things. The findings of the thesis both challenge the normative tendency to associate democratic legitimacy with the state and contribute to the pressing question of how to theoretically account for the empirical reality of polycentric security governance systems.
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Brodsky, Andrew. "Accountability reform and student achievement in Colorado public schools". Connect to online resource, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3337065.
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Ng, Siu-ling Giselle. "Accountability in public administration : the case of Hong Kong /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18539105.
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Kelly, Susan. "Public relations and accountability : the emergence of a profession". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1996. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36286/1/36286_Kelly_1996.pdf.
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One of the major issues confronting public relations practitioners over the past decade has been how to measure the performance of theμ- activities in order to meet the increasing accountability expectations of senior management. However, the literature over this time has focussed on issues relating to the use of evaluation to demonstrate accountability and there has been very little research into the actual experiences of practitioners in endeavouring to meet these accountability expectations. This research adds to the body of knowledge by considering how Australian public relations
practitioners address these issues by posing the question:
How do public relations practitioners account for themselves within the corporate environment?
Case study methodology was used to address this research question. Nine public relations managers from a range of state-based, national and international organisations
located in Queensland, New South Wales and Victoria were selected. A survey was used to interview the managers to ascertain their perspective on issues relating seven
research questions covering: • role and influence of public relations practitioners within organisations;
• activities undertaken by public relations practitioners;
• benefits from demonstrate accountability;
• program planning;
• evaluation;
• conveying performance; and
• communication models.
The data was analysed using pattern-matching, matrices and cross-case analysis. The results of the research indicate that accountability and evaluation are current issues
of concern to Australian public relations practitioners. The ability to demonstrate
accountability is seen to have ramifications for both practitioners and the profession in terms of professional status, what is actually encompassed by public relations practice and resource levels. Additionally, this study highlighted that practitioners view evaluation and accountability from a highly politicised perspective which has implications for future research in this area.
This study has provided in-depth qualitative data which contributes to the professional literature on evaluation and accountability.
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Reader, James Weatherston. "Hydrographic office & chart Information centre". Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25946432.
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Khumalo, Mduduzi Simon. "An exploratory study into the perception of crime prevention police office policing accountability in Gauteng". Pretoria : [s. n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10222007-150831.
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Seakamela, Mponana Abednego. "A conceptual framework for enhancing accountability in public schooling / Mponana Abednego Seakamela". Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/8300.
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The notion of accountability assumes different meanings and emphasis in different contexts depending on the purpose for which it is used. In essence, accountability has to do with the demand for improved services, operations and products. In the public sector in particular, the spread of democratization has led to growing public demand for improved and better services and standards. This demand led many governments to introduce administrative reforms to bring about the desired changes in the delivery of services to the general public.
Education, as a public service, and against the backdrop ofpoor learning outcomes, has over the years been subjected to intensive public scrutiny leading to increased demand for education accountability. The huge expectations imposed on educational establishments have led to a significant change in the nature and scale of education accountability. Equally, the lack of confidence in public schools to meet the educational needs of society is a further justification for the demand for accountability in education. Education accountability, in the final analysis, has as its primary goal, the need to improve learning outcomes.
This study is about the development of a conceptual framework to enhance accountability in public schooling. Existing accountability processes and practises fall far too short of making public education accountable. Partly because approaches to accountability are not grounded on fundamental values and principles. Accountability in general and education accountability in particular, must be underpinned by sound values and principles to be effective and developmental. This study takes as its point of departure, the view that education accountability is both necessary and desirable if the growing educational needs of communities, particularly the poor, are to be met. To that effect, the conceptual framework has to afford every learning institution, regardless of its unique characteristics and circumstances, the opportunity to meet its accountability obligations.
In this study, the quantitative and qualitative designs were employed to gather information relating to accountability processes and practises in the N orth-West education system and schools in particular. A survey questionnaire (quantitative) was used to compile data regarding the views and perspectives of principals on education accountability. Focus group interviews (qualitative) were conducted with both district officials and teacher unions to solicit their views and perspectives on the processes and practises of accountability in the North-West education department.
The sample involved 222 principals from both primary and secondary schools in the province. Nine (9) union representatives drawn from the three major unions in the province participated in the focused group interviews. In addition, 7 district officials, drawn from the four education districts in the province also participated in the focus group interviews.
The research, as stipulated above, yielded the following results:
• Most of the principals surveyed managed schools that are located in rural and generally poor areas. These demographic challenges imposed serious limitations on the capacity of principals to manage effectively since rural schools are often geographically dispersed and poorly resourced. Consequently, accountability processes and practises must be sensitive to the context within which these schools operate.
• Most of the principals sampled have the requisite qualifications and managerial experience suggesting that they are reasonably equipped to do their work. There is also evidence that provision is made for in-service training in management. It could therefore be concluded that if experience and qualifications alone were taken as key determinants in securing effective management, many of the sampled schools would be performing reasonably well. This finding however, is inconsistent with the widespread school level dysfunctionality that characterise the North-West schooling system. Effective accountability would therefore go beyond the principal to find answers to this incongruecy.
• Teacher quality and teacher professionalism were identified as key levers of educational quality and school level accountability
• There is a clear and direct link between an accountable school and the role of the principal. The characteristic features of an accountable school tended to overlap with the roles and responsibilities of the principals. • The role ofstakeholders in enhancing education accountability was supported by most respondents, suggesting therefore that schools must strive to develop healthy relationships with all stakeholders, both internal and externaL
• Collaboration and networking among principals were seen as important in providing principals with opportunities to share ideas and thereby enhance their own capabilities
• Accountability was seen by most respondents in a positive light, however, participants maintained that accountability processes and practises were poorly understood and implemented in the North-West education system.
• There was general concern that the various parties to the accountability relationship did not understand their respective roles and responsibilities and thus diluting instead ofenhancing accountability.
• The views of participants on the importance of performance agreements as a way of enhancing accountability were generally negative. Fear was expressed that these agreements would be abused. This finding is consistent with the finding that accountability practises were poorly understood and implemented.
The general conclusion from this study is that education accountability is both necessary and desirable. However, the complex contexts within which education is delivered must be fully appreciated if accountability practices and processes are to be effective.Thesis (Ph.D. (Education Management))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011
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Araya, Esayas Kassa. "Political Control and Accountability in Ethiopian Rulemaking". ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6301.
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Administrative rules have played a central role in Ethiopian public administration since 1994 when the current constitution was adopted. However, if the formulation and implementation of the rules are not politically controlled, and proper accountability is not applied, these same rules could become threats instead of assurances of the rule of law and order. This case study explored what strategic controls and accountability measures are in place to regulate the rulemaking process. To inform the study, the political control of bureaucracy framework in general and the principal-agency model, in particular, were used. The central research question focused on strategies that ensure the political control and accountability of rulemaking in Ethiopia. Purposive sampling methods were employed, with interviews of five legislators and five appointed officials, as well as supportive legislative documents providing the data. The data were coded and thematically analyzed using a coding framework and a continuous iterative process. The results revealed that in Ethiopia there is a constitutional framework of control and accountability, but there is no political control mechanism in place, and no accountability measures have been taken. The study findings may indicate that there is a need for further studies on administrative and judicial review mechanisms and federated states' control mechanisms to fully understand the situation. The implication for social change includes awareness and attitudinal change of lawmakers and administrative authorities towards the importance of controlling and limiting the power to make rules. Positive social change is nearly impossible where unlimited and uncontrolled power is exercised.
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Davies, A. C. L. "Accountability : a public law analysis of National Health Service contracts". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7fa277f4-ba95-46e6-bd82-81ab2236acd5.
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The thesis takes as its subject the concept of accountability. It examines the use made of the concept in the public law literature, and advances a novel analytical model of the individual accountability mechanism. The model identifies the essential features of that mechanism: setting standards against which an account can be judged; requiring the person being called to account to explain and justify his or her actions; judging the account rendered against the standards set; and responding to the account rendered, where appropriate, with enforcement measures. This analytical approach provides a way of examining, in detail, an individual accountability mechanism, and identifying the main practical problems faced by the parties to it. The approach is applied to an empirical case study of National Health Service (NHS) contracts. (The fieldwork involved an examination of contractual relationships between purchasers (Health Authorities and GP fundholders) and providers (NHS Trusts) in three sample areas, using document analysis, interviews and observation.) The study's main findings fall into three groups. Firstly, purchasers were subject to various pressures and constraints (of time and resources, for example) which affected their actions in calling providers to account. Secondly, the study uncovered some of the complexities of the relationship between the parties to the accountability process. Analytical models of the accountability relationship were developed in order to classify different types of relationship according to the parties' behaviour and their degree of mutual trust. Thirdly, the study examined whether purchasers, as callers to account, could render the accountability process effective. For various reasons, purchasers often lacked the authority to set and enforce the standards they required. The model of the accountability mechanism developed in the thesis also has evaluative potential. Drawing on the public law literature as well as the empirical data, a notion of the good accountability process is evolved. This includes, for example, requirements of maximising the accountability achieved within available resources, maintaining good relationships by using fair procedures, and finding ways of making the whole process effective. Some of these principles may be of more general application to other accountability processes. Possible generalisations are explored, particularly the contribution of the thesis to the development of an explicitly public law concept of contract.
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Stenger, Linda S. "Ayp building level accountability profiles Missouri public schools 2004-2005 /". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4384.
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Thesis (Ed. D.) University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 8, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
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Jarvis, David Seiler. "Accountability Models in Policy Design: Understanding the Explanatory Power of the Four Major Accountability Models in Policy Tool Choices". PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1798.
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In the study of government accountability, there have long been arguments about which model is superior. These arguments, which are largely made by those in the performance and political accountability camps, state that their particular model is the best, and indeed only legitimate approach to ensuring accountable government. At the same time, there is growing research in policy tools but little in how accountability models and policy tools are linked in policy design.
This study makes use of the context provided by the critical cases of the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) and the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA). With such large sums of money in play at a time of serious economic downturn and mounting federal deficits, government clearly has a responsibility to ensure accountability so that the public can be assured not only that its funds are being spent properly but also more generally, that accountability as well as policy tool choice is in the minds of officials as they formulate, adopt and implement public policy.
The intent of this study is to present an argument in two main areas using the critical case studies of TARP and ARRA. First, that no one accountability model fully explains most policy tool choices in TARP or ARRA and that the use of multiple models is superior. Second, that we can link policy tool choices and accountability models in policy design. The standards used to establish what models explain what tool choices are in the models themselves. Each policy is explored individually in a chapter, and the lessons and results of this study are then presented in the final chapter.
The data presented in this study indicate that a single-model approach may explain a few, but not most and certainly not all, policy tool choices in TARP and ARRA. Indeed, a multiple model approach proves superior to a single-model approach in all but a few instances. As for the connections between policy tools and accountability models, the data presented in this study show that they were strongly impacted by the policy formulation process itself, specifically the way in which the policy problem was framed and the speed with which it was undertaken.
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Price, Richard, i n/a. "Dual accountability in the Commonwealth primary industries statutory authorities". University of Canberra. Management, 1993. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061106.152937.
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During the 1980s some remarkable public administration
reforms took place in the Commonwealth primary
industries portfolio statutory research and marketing
authorities. These reforms implemented dual
accountability arrangements which legislated the
requirement for the authorities to be held accountable
directly to government and Parliament, as well as to
industry and community bodies which held either a
financial stake in the authorities or a stake in the
outcomes of their activities.
This dissertation discusses the nature of the dual
accountability arrangements in the broader context of
administrative and accountability theory, with particular
emphasis on its place in the evolution of public
enterprise and of more open, participatory and socially
responsive public administration. It also considers the
1980s reforms in the historical context of Australian
primary industry institutionalisation and agrarian
socialism.
The dissertation concludes that dual accountability can
strengthen an organisation's accountability while at the
same time reduce the need for close administrative
control. Dual accountability acknowledges that the
fundamental processes of an organisation's
accountability should apply in more than one direction,
and that the decentralisation of these processes actually
fills the voids left by removing control mechanisms. The
dissertation also identifies variations in the application
of dual accountability principles across primary industry
authorities and suggests that there is potential for the
principles to be applied to other areas of government administration.
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Banda, Raymond Lorato. "Intergovernmental fiscal reform in South Africa : preference matching, efficiency and accountability". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3799.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 79-85)The central purpose of this paper is to assess whether the South African intergovernmental fiscal relations system enables provinces to achieve preference matching, efficiency and accountability. In the final analysis the paper contests that the system does not enable preference matching because of centralized policy making, provincial over reliance on national transfers to finance their expenditures and the fact that the system was not necessarily crafted for purposes of preference matching but national unity and the need to address the imbalances of the past.
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Foster-Thorpe, Frances C. "Accountability interactions : mutliple accountabilities in the Murray-Darling basin plan". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:aac0e39b-f397-4292-baf9-e99c93c98c7d.
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This thesis investigates whether different public accountability forums interact with one another when they oversee the same decision maker. It contributes to the larger study of how decision makers are held to account in constitutional democracies where the simultaneous operation of multiple accountability relationships has become routine. Looking beyond the dominant assumption that multiple forums autonomously assess a decision maker's accountability against different and diverging standards, I aim to understand whether forums can influence the standards against which other forums evaluate the same decision maker. I draw on political and normative understandings of public accountability to answer one central question: do different public accountability forums interact with one another in a way that influences the scope of what a decision maker is obliged to account for and the normative standards against which that account is evaluated? Answering this research question involves examining the mechanisms by which interactions might occur and the motivations of actors to interact. I begin by critically reviewing the literature on multiple accountabilities, arguing that existing approaches can only partially explain how public accountability is constructed in multiple accountability regimes. I argue the focus on typologies of accountability emphasise the attributes of individual forums and overlook the broader dynamics of the accountability regime. I then develop an analytical framework to examine how the interactions between different forums, and other actors, might reshape the accountability dialogue. This framework is used to analyse the case of the Murray-Darling Basin Plan in Australia (2008-2012). By presenting a contextSrich analysis of interactions between forums, and other actors, I find that multiple forums act in concert with one another and other actors to contest and then reshape the standards against which the two decision makers are evaluated. The thesis concludes by discussing the implications of recognising accountability interactions for understanding multiple accountability regimes.
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von, Krogh Torbjörn. "Understanding Media Accountability : Media Accountability in Relation to Media Criticism and Media Governance in Sweden 1940-2010". Doctoral thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-16679.
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The concepts of media accountability, media criticism and media governance are analysed and discussed in a Swedish setting; how they relate to each other and interact. This is achieved by using various methods – a survey to editors, analy- ses of parliamentary debates, interviews, direct observation and document stu- dies – in studying different stakeholders, media representatives and governance conditions in Sweden during the last 70 years. The findings point in a direction of dynamic complexities with a central role for media criticism. The type, level and intensity of media criticism may affect the functioning of the media governance structure and is a vital part of the media accountability process. The media governance structure – which in addi- tion to media criticism is influenced by international conditions, technological developments and political factors – may in turn affect the media accountability process. In this process, media representatives aim to defend obtained positions of societal influence, achieve and maintain positive PR and enhance editorial quality at the same time. Media criticism may start a substantial media accountability process if the discontent is widespread and not countered by market approval or political iner- tia. The process is facilitated if the critique is connected to more than one frame of accountability and if stakeholders see opportunities for dual objectives. Very strong and widespread media criticism may be difficult for media organizations to neglect. The accountability process in Sweden has become less dependent on corpora- tive negotiations between organized interests and political assemblies. Instead, two other tendencies seem to have emerged: on the one hand a possibility for media organizations to favour such accountability processes that they are able to control, and on the other hand the rise of a rich variety of sometimes short-lived accountability instruments that may develop for specific occasions and are difficult to control.
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Seifert, Anthony J. Ermoshkin Ilia K. "Analysis of Government Accountability Office and Department of Defense Inspector General reports and commercial sources on contracts". Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/MBAPR/2010/Jun/10Jun%5FSeifert%5FMBA.pdf.
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"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business Administration from the Naval Postgraduate School, June 2010."Advisor(s): Apte, Uday M. ; Rendon, Rene G. "June 2010." "MBA Professional report"--Cover. Description based on title screen as viewed on July 15, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Accountability, Benchmarking, Best Practices, Building Information Modeling, Contract Administration, Contract Closeout, Contract Termination, Contracting Officer Representative, GAO Reports, Government Contracts, IG Reports, Price Growth, Program Growth, Procurement, Service Contracts, Solicitation, Source Selection, Total Ownership Cost. Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-70). Also available in print.
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Seifert, Anthony J., i Ilia K. Ermoshkin. "Analysis of Government Accountability Office and Department of Defense Inspector General reports and commercial sources on contracts". Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10535.
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MBA Professional ReportThe purpose of this MBA Project was to investigate and provide a comprehensive analysis of data based on government service contracts during the six phases of the government contract process (procurement/planning, solicitation planning, solicitation, source selection, contract administration and contract closeout/termination). Primary deficiencies and best practices in contracting will be identified for each government report, and an analysis will be conducted to identify trends within and across the above categories. Specifically, this research will identify common deficiencies and best practices in contracting based on GAO reports, DoD IG reports, and articles based on services acquisition in the commercial sector. This will provide the basis for further study of the subject, as well as material for improvement of DoD contracting practices as compared to commercial best practices in contracting.
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Pérez, Durán Ixchel. "Accountability for public policies the case of health policy in Spain". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/130818.
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This research is a contribution to the analysis, measurement and explanation of accountability for public policies. Firstly, I develop a proposal to analyze and measure accountability for public policies. This proposal is innovative since it provides an analytical framework that can be used to measure and compare levels of accountability in different kinds of policies (e.g., health, education, pensions, etc.) or in different contexts (from countries or regions to complex multi-layered authority structures). Secondly, I test the validity of my proposal with an empirical application centered in the health policy in Spain, whose decentralized design allows analyzing the differences in levels of accountability of health policies in each of the 17 autonomous communities. Finally, I analyze the causal conditions that can -or can not- lead to the accountability of this public policy.Esta investigación es una contribución al análisis, la medición y la explicación de la rendición de cuentas de las políticas públicas. En primer lugar, desarrollo una propuesta para analizar y medir la rendición de cuentas de las políticas públicas. Esta propuesta es innovadora, ya que proporciona un marco analítico que puede ser utilizado para medir y comparar niveles de rendición de cuentas en diferentes áreas de políticas (por ejemplo, salud, educación, pensiones) y en diferentes contextos (por ejemplo, entre distintos países, regiones o gobiernos multinivel). En segundo lugar, pongo a prueba la validez de mi propuesta con una aplicación empírica centrada en la política de salud en España, cuyo diseño descentralizado permite analizar las diferencias en los niveles de rendición de cuentas de esta política en cada una de las diecisiete comunidades autónomas. Finalmente, analizo las variables que pueden favorecer o dificultar la rendición de cuentas de esta política pública.
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Morris, Amy Wilson. "The changing landscape of conservation easements : public accountability & evolving oversight /". Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2009. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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