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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Above- and belowground"
Bennett, Alison. "Pushing boundaries in above-belowground interactions". Functional Ecology 26, nr 2 (27.03.2012): 305–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2011.01957.x.
Pełny tekst źródłaRamirez, Kelly S., Stefan Geisen, Elly Morriën, Basten L. Snoek i Wim H. van der Putten. "Network Analyses Can Advance Above-Belowground Ecology". Trends in Plant Science 23, nr 9 (wrzesień 2018): 759–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2018.06.009.
Pełny tekst źródłaStone, Martin J., Harry T. Cralle, James M. Chandler, Travis D. Miller, Rodney W. Bovey i Katherine H. Carson. "Above- and belowground interference of wheat (Triticum aestivum) by Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum)". Weed Science 46, nr 4 (sierpień 1998): 438–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s004317450009086x.
Pełny tekst źródłaCheng, J., G. L. Wu, L. P. Zhao, Y. Li, W. Li i J. M. Cheng. "Cumulative effects of 20-year exclusion of livestock grazing on above- and belowground biomass of typical steppe communities in arid areas of the Loess Plateau, China". Plant, Soil and Environment 57, No. 1 (14.01.2011): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/153/2010-pse.
Pełny tekst źródłaYe, X. H., X. Pan, W. K. Cornwell, S. Q. Gao, M. Dong i J. H. C. Cornelissen. "Divergence of above- and belowground C and N pool within predominant plant species along two precipitation gradients in north China". Biogeosciences Discussions 11, nr 10 (2.10.2014): 14173–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-14173-2014.
Pełny tekst źródłaYang, Yuanhe, Jingyun Fang, Chengjun Ji i Wenxuan Han. "Above- and belowground biomass allocation in Tibetan grasslands". Journal of Vegetation Science 20, nr 1 (luty 2009): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2009.05566.x.
Pełny tekst źródłaLyons, Caitlyn L., i Zoë Lindo. "Above- and belowground community linkages in boreal peatlands". Plant Ecology 221, nr 7 (20.05.2020): 615–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11258-020-01037-w.
Pełny tekst źródłaRibeiro, Sabina Cerruto, Lutz Fehrmann, Carlos Pedro Boechat Soares, Laércio Antônio Gonçalves Jacovine, Christoph Kleinn i Ricardo de Oliveira Gaspar. "Above- and belowground biomass in a Brazilian Cerrado". Forest Ecology and Management 262, nr 3 (sierpień 2011): 491–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2011.04.017.
Pełny tekst źródłaWurst, Susanne. "Effects of earthworms on above- and belowground herbivores". Applied Soil Ecology 45, nr 3 (lipiec 2010): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.04.005.
Pełny tekst źródłaWang, Jin-Wang, Dan Yu, Wen Xiong i Yu-Qin Han. "Above- and belowground competition between two submersed macrophytes". Hydrobiologia 607, nr 1 (28.03.2008): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-008-9371-7.
Pełny tekst źródłaRozprawy doktorskie na temat "Above- and belowground"
Wilson, Gail T. "Mycorrhizal symbiosis in the tallgrass prairie : above-and belowground linkages /". Search for this dissertation online, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ksu/main.
Pełny tekst źródłaBarberis, Ignacio Martín. "Above- and belowground competition for seedlings in a Panamanian moist forest". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.620174.
Pełny tekst źródłaJonas, Jayne Louise. "Nutrient resources and stoichiometry affect the ecology of above- and belowground invertebrate consumers". Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/404.
Pełny tekst źródłaHahn, George Eugene III. "Wildland Fire in the Central Appalachian Mountains: Impacts on Above- and Belowground Resources". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/102606.
Pełny tekst źródłaDoctor of Philosophy
It is well-documented that fire has occurred in forested ecosystems for millennia. In addition to natural ignitions, indigenous peoples used fire for various reasons, such as understory reduction, hunting, and crop cultivation. As European settlers arrived and advanced across North America, they continued to use fire as a tool to shape the landscape to fit their societal needs. The use of fire by humans in North America all but ceased in the early 20th century. Large fire events in the western United States motivated the newly created United States Forest Service to restrict fire from the landscape. The fire exclusion policy of the early 20th century had unintended consequences, such as increased fire risk due to fuel accumulation and a shift from fire-tolerant species, such as oaks and pines, to fire-intolerant species. More recently, the perception of wildland fire has been re-examined due to ecological and societal issues. Although federal and state agencies are burning more acres, the public's wariness towards wildland fire is prevalent. As attitudes about wildland fire have changed, so have the research needs. Information regarding the effects of both wild and prescribed fires on forest ecosystems is needed throughout the United States, including the eastern United States, and more specifically, within the central and southern Appalachian Mountains. This dissertation discusses the effects of both wild and prescribed fires on various forests processes within these regions. In this dissertation, 1) the impacts of prescribed fire on water quality, 2) the responses of forest vegetation to wildfire, and 3) and the effects of prescribed fire on soil nutrients were investigated. Additionally, different timber harvests were studied to determine their long-term effects on potentially hazardous fuel loads. The results indicated that water quality is generally not impacted by low intensity and severity prescribed fires in the eastern United States. It was determined that vegetation often responds vigorously to wildfires, and subsequent species composition varies based on factors such as fire severity, site conditions, time since fire, and overstory species composition. When examining soil nutrients for 14 months following prescribed fires, nutrient changes occurred in both unburned and burned locations. When fuel loads were compared between timber harvests of varying intensities, woody fuels were reduced in the long-term. This reduction may minimize potential wildfire behavior and effects. While both wild and prescribed fires impact forest processes, they generally do so in different ways. This is mainly due to differences in fire behavior between these fire types. Effects of wildfires on water quality, soil chemistry, and vegetation tend to last longer than prescribed fire. Additionally, prescribed fire, when used in conjunction with other forest management activities, may reduce potentially negative wildfire impacts. Monitoring post-fire effects is critical to understanding the best way to use prescribed fire as a forest management tool.
Jonas, Jayne. "Nutrient resources and stoichiometry affect the ecology of above- and belowground invertebrate consumers". Diss., Kansas State University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/404.
Pełny tekst źródłaDepartment of Biology
Anthony Joern
Aboveground and belowground food webs are linked by plants, but their reciprocal influences are seldom studied. Because phosphorus (P) is the primary nutrient associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis, and evidence suggests it may be more limiting than nitrogen (N) for some insect herbivores, assessing carbon (C):N:P stoichiometry will enhance my ability to discern trophic interactions. The objective of this research was to investigate functional linkages between aboveground and belowground invertebrate populations and communities and to identify potential mechanisms regulating these interactions using a C:N:P stoichiometric framework. Specifically, I examine (1) long-term grasshopper community responses to three large-scale drivers of grassland ecosystem dynamics, (2) food selection by the mixed-feeding grasshopper Melanoplus bivittatus, (3) the mechanisms for nutrient regulation by M. bivittatus, (4) food selection by fungivorous Collembola, and (5) the effects of C:N:P on invertebrate community composition and aboveground-belowground food web linkages. In my analysis of grasshopper community responses to fire, bison grazing, and weather over 25 years, I found that all three drivers affected grasshopper community dynamics, most likely acting indirectly through effects on plant community structure, composition and nutritional quality. In a field study, the diet of M. bivittatus was dominated by forbs with grasses constituting only a minor fraction of their diet under ambient soil conditions, but grass consumption approximately doubled as a result of changes in grass C:N:P. M. bivittatus was found to rely primarily on selective consumption of foods with varying nutritional quality, rather than compensatory feeding or altering post-ingestive processes, to maintain C:N homeostasis in a laboratory experiment. In a soil-based mesocosm study, I show that Collembola feed on both saprophytic and AM fungi, in some cases exhibiting a slight preference for AM fungi. In the final study, although I did not find the expected indirect relationship between soil Collembola and aboveground herbivory as mediated through host plant quality, there were significant effects of root C:N and AM colonization on Collembola density and of plant C:N on aboveground herbivory. Overall, this research shows that host plant C:N:P stoichiometry can influence both above- and belowground invertebrate population, community, and food web dynamics.
Kafle, Dinesh [Verfasser]. "Plant-mediated interactions between spatially and temporally separated above- and belowground herbivores / Dinesh Kafle". Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1117028496/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaParis, Carolina Ivon. "Above-belowground effects of the invasive ant Lasius neglectus in an urban holm oak forest". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/3680.
Pełny tekst źródłaLasius neglectus visita principalmente árboles aislados donde permanece más meses atendiendo áfidos. Por el contrario, las hormigas nativas no visitaron los árboles según su ubicación (aislado, borde o centro del bosque). Excepto en el caso de la hormiga nativa Lasius grandis, que permaneció más tiempo en los árboles aislados cuando Lasius neglectus no estaba presente en el fragmento. La riqueza de especies nativas de hormigas y su visita a los árboles fue menor en fragmentos de bosque con Lasius neglectus. Crematogaster scutellaris, Temnothorax lichtensteini y Lasius grandis lograron coexistir con la hormiga invasora. La estructura de la comunidad de hormigas nativas en fragmentos con o sin Lasius neglectus mostró un patrón aleatorio.
Entre Mayo y Octubre, en las encinas se encontraron dos especies de áfidos, Hoplocallis picta, ocasionalmente atendido por las hormigas, y Lachnus roborisun un mirmecófilo obligado. En encinas visitadas por la hormiga invasora, se observó que la abundancia de Lachnus roboris tendió a duplicarse, como así también su producción de melaza, porcentaje de colonias atendidas comparado con los resultados obtenidos en encinas visitadas por la hormiga nativa Lasius grandis. Consecuentemente, durante el periodo estudiado la hormiga invasora duplicó su colecta de melaza por encina respecto de la hormiga nativa. Las colonias de Lachnus roboris se ubicaron principalmente sobre las bellotas. Sin embargo, no se detectó ningún efecto en la producción o calidad de bellotas y en la emergencia o calidad de las plántulas.
Ambas especies de hormigas capturaron principalmente Pscópteros y Hoplocallis picta como fuente de proteínas. El porcentaje de obreras que llevaba insectos o trozos de artrópodos entre sus mandíbulas fue superior para Lasius grandis.
La comunidad de artrópodos y el nivel de herbivoría no fueron modificados por la presencia de una u otra especie de hormiga. Sin embargo, en las encinas visitadas por Lasius neglectus las arañas, los curculiónidos y los áfidos tendieron a incrementar su abundancia mientras que las larvas de coccinélidos (predadores de áfidos) disminuyeron marcadamente.
La melaza que no es recogida por las hormigas puede incorporarse al suelo disuelta en el agua de trascolación de la copa como carbono orgánico disuelto (COD). La colecta de melaza de Lasius neglectus disminuyó el COD disuelto en el agua de trascolación de las encinas lo cual indicaría una interrupción del flujo de materia y energía entre la copa de las encinas y el suelo aledaño.
En relación a los efectos subsuperficiales se observó que el contenido de nutrientes en el suelo aledaño a las encinas visitas por Lasius neglectus fue mayor respecto del encontrado en encinas visitadas por hormigas nativas. Asimismo, la comunidad de microorganismos se diferenció según la presencia de hormigas nativas o de la invasora; tendiendo la biomasa microbiana del suelo a ser mayor en el caso de la presencia de Lasius neglectus. Según la localidad estudiada, la calidad de la hojarasca producida fue menor en los árboles visitados por Lasius neglectus. Sin embargo, la descomposición de la hojarasca de encina no fue modificada por la presencia de la hormiga invasora.
Se concluye que la presencia de Lasius neglectus modifica aquellos componentes, superficiales y subsuperficiales, del sistema de la encina que están directa o indirectamente relacionados con la colecta de melaza.
Invasive ants displace native ant species and other arthropods. As a consequence, at the invaded system biological interactions and ecological services provided by native ant species are modified. The aim of this study was to investigate some of the above-belowground effects of the invasive ant Lasius neglectus in an urban holm oak forest and to compare these effects with those of native ant species, in particular related to Lasius grandis.
Lasius neglectus mainly visited isolated trees where workers remained more months tending aphids and other insects. On the contrary, native ant tree visitation was not related to tree position in the fragments (isolated, edges or core trees). The only exception was the native ant Lasius grandis which remained more months at isolated trees in fragments where Lasius neglectus was not present. Native ant species richness and its tree visitation were lower at fragments where Lasius neglectus was present. Crematogaster scutellaris, Temnothorax lichtensteini y Lasius grandis were able to coexist with the invasive ant specie. Community structure of native ants did not differ from a random pattern with or without Lasius neglectus.
Some effects of the ant presence were investigated in detail at the holm oak (Quercus ilex) since this tree was the most abundant at the studied forest fragments.
Between May and October, two aphid species were found feeding at holm oak canopy: Hoplocallis picta, which was occasionally tended and Lachnus roboris which was the main tended species. At holm oaks visited by the invasive ant, the abundance of Lachnus roboris tended to increase twice, as well as their honeydew production related to results obtained at holm oaks visited by the native ant Lasius grandis. The percentage of tended colonies tended by Lasius neglectus was higher compared to the percentage tended by Lasius grandis. As a consequence, at the studied period, the invasive ant collected two fold of honeydew per tree related to the native ant. At holm oaks visited by Lasius neglectus or Lasius grandis colonies of Lachnus roboris fed mainly on acorn petiole or on their cap. However, there was not any difference of acorn production acorn or quality and sapling emergency or quality between these holm oaks.
Both ant species mainly captured Pscoptera and Hoplocallis picta as source of proteins. The percentage of workers carrying insects or pieces of arthropods in its jaws was higher for Lasius grandis.
Arthropod community and herbivory level was not modified due the presence of the invasive or the native ant. However, some particular groups showed differences of its abundance. At holm oaks visited by Lasius neglectus, spiders, weevils and aphids tended to increase its abundance while ladybird larvae (aphid predators) decreased markedly.
Honeydew production that was not collected by ants may reach the soil dissolved in throughfall as dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Honeydew collection by Lasius neglectus decreased DOC content in throughfall. This result suggests that the invasive ant interrupts the flux of energy and matter between canopy and the soil surrounding holm oaks.
In relation with belowground effects of Lasius neglectus soil nutrient content was higher beneath holm oaks visited by the invasive ant in relation to those trees visited by native ants. Soil microbial community was characterized by the presence of Lasius neglectus and microbial biomass tended to increase beneath holm oaks visited by this invasive ant. Depending on the study site, litter quality was lower at holm oaks visited by Lasius neglectus. Litter decomposition was not modified by the presence of the invasive ant.
I conclude that Lasius neglectus presence modifies those below-aboveground components of the holm oak system that are directly or indirectly related to honeydew collection.
Kobiela, Breanna Lyn Paradeis. "Above and Belowground Effects of Nutrient Applications and Mowing Treatments on Restored North Dakota Grasslands". Diss., North Dakota State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10365/25187.
Pełny tekst źródłaNational Science Foundation (NSF) (DEB-9627928)
USDA-NRICGP (93-0051 and 99-00979)
Cope, Colin G. "Understanding above- and belowground interactions within invasion biology: An integrative approach across a forest community". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1528202331073491.
Pełny tekst źródłaKeith, Aidan Marischal. "Links between above and belowground communities : tree-driven impacts on food webs and ecosystem processes". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485397.
Pełny tekst źródłaKsiążki na temat "Above- and belowground"
1941-, Caldwell Martyn M., i Pearcy R. W. 1941-, red. Exploitation of environmental heterogeneity by plants: Ecophysiological processes above- and belowground. San Diego: Academic Press, 1994.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaM, Caldwell Martyn, i Pearcy R. W. 1941-, red. Exploitation of environmental heterogenity by plants: Ecophysiological processes above- and belowground. San Diego: Academic Press, 1994.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Above- and belowground"
Huang, Wei, Evan Siemann i Jianqing Ding. "Eco-evolutionary Dynamics of Above- and Belowground Herbivores and Invasive Plants". W Aboveground–Belowground Community Ecology, 271–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91614-9_12.
Pełny tekst źródłaKergunteuil, Alan, Moe Bakhtiari i Sergio Rasmann. "Eco-evolutionary Factors Driving Plant-Mediated Above–Belowground Invertebrate Interactions Along Elevation Gradients". W Aboveground–Belowground Community Ecology, 223–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91614-9_10.
Pełny tekst źródłaBennett, Alison E., Peter Orrell, Antonino Malacrino i Maria José Pozo. "Fungal-Mediated Above–Belowground Interactions: The Community Approach, Stability, Evolution, Mechanisms, and Applications". W Aboveground–Belowground Community Ecology, 85–116. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91614-9_5.
Pełny tekst źródłaToledo-Aceves, Tarin. "Above- and belowground competition between lianas and trees". W Ecology of Lianas, 147–63. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118392409.ch12.
Pełny tekst źródłaReverchon, Frédérique, i Alfonso Méndez-Bravo. "Plant-Mediated Above- Belowground Interactions: A Phytobiome Story". W Plant-Animal Interactions, 205–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66877-8_8.
Pełny tekst źródłaBagchi, Sumanta. "Do Large Herbivores Influence Plant Allocation to Above- and Belowground Compartments?" W Ecological Studies, 177–85. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7570-0_7.
Pełny tekst źródłaCurtis, Peter S., Donald R. Zak, Kurt S. Pregitzer i James A. Teeri. "Above- and belowground response of Populus grandidentata to elevated atmospheric CO2 and soil N availability". W Belowground Responses to Rising Atmospheric CO2: Implications for Plants, Soil Biota, and Ecosystem Processes, 45–51. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0851-7_5.
Pełny tekst źródłaOwensby, Clenton E. "Potential Impacts of Elevated CO2 and Above- and Belowground Litter Quality of a Tallgrass Prairie". W Terrestrial Biospheric Carbon Fluxes:, 413–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1982-5_28.
Pełny tekst źródłaCurtis, Peter S., Donald R. Zak, Kurt S. Pregitzer, John Lussenhop i James A. Teeri. "Linking Above- and Belowground Responses to Rising CO2 in Northern Deciduous Forest Species". W Carbon Dioxide and Terrestrial Ecosystems, 41–51. Elsevier, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012505295-5/50004-5.
Pełny tekst źródłaVogt, K. A., C. C. Grier i D. J. Vogt. "Production, Turnover, and Nutrient Dynamics of Above- and Belowground Detritus of World Forests". W Advances in Ecological Research, 303–77. Elsevier, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0065-2504(08)60122-1.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenia konferencji na temat "Above- and belowground"
Barbier, Charlotte, Paul J. Hanson, Donald E. Todd, Damen Belcher, Eriks W. Jekabson, Warren K. Thomas i Jeffery S. Riggs. "Air Flow and Heat Transfer in a Temperature-Controlled Open Top Enclosure". W ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-86352.
Pełny tekst źródłaRaporty organizacyjne na temat "Above- and belowground"
Trowbridge, Amy Marie, Richard Phillips i Paul Christopher Stoy. Above and belowground connections and species interactions: Controls over ecosystem fluxes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), listopad 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1333888.
Pełny tekst źródłaBryant, Duncan, Mary Bryant, Jeremy Sharp, Gary Bell i Christine Moore. The Response of Vegetated Dunes to Wave Attack. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), sierpień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41580.
Pełny tekst źródłaTopa, M. A., D. A. Weinstein i W. A. Retzlaff. Assessing the Significance of Above- and Belowground Carbon Allocation of Fast- and Slow-Growing Families of Loblolly Pine - Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), marzec 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/783597.
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