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Patel, Meet, Nirmal Mehta i Arjun Butala. "Comparative Study of G+7 Storey Residential Building in Seismic Zone 5". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 7 (31.07.2022): 1453–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45462.
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Abstract: The important objective of Structural engineers is to design and build a structure in such a way that damage to the structure and its structural component during the earthquake is minimize. This report aims towards the Seismic analysis of a multi- storey RCC building with symmetrical configuration. For the analysis purpose model of seven storey RCC with symmetrical floor plan is consider. Seismic Zone 5 is considering for this Research work. The analysis is carried by using Seismic Coefficient Method & Response Spectrum Analysis. Seismic Coefficient Method is a part of a Linear Static Method, where Response Spectrum Analysis is a part of a Linear Dynamic Method. E-TABS Software are used for the Analysis work. For this study, Two Models are prepared. (1) G+7 Residential Building with Columns & (2) G+7 Residential Building with Shear Walls. Various response parameters such as Story Displacement, Story Drift, Time Period and Story Stiffness can be determined. Above all factors are comprised between two models. The main parameters of the seismic analysis of structures are load carrying capacity, ductility, stiffness, damping and mass.
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Konovalov, M. "THE USE OF WOODEN STRUCTURES AS AN ALTERNATIVE REPLACEMENT FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES IN A MULTI-STOREY BUILDING". Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 7, nr 6 (1.03.2022): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2022-7-6-17-24.
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Wooden structures are a substitute for such concepts as environmental friendliness and naturalness, therefore reinforced concrete structures are currently the main building material for the construction of multi-story buildings in Russia. The idea of building wooden multi-storey buildings is becoming more and more relevant every year. The emergence of new technologies and materials make this area of construction promising. Possible variants of structural systems using wooden elements are considered, based on the existing experience of using wooden structures as load-bearing elements of structures. The existing office building in St. Petersburg is taken as a basis. It is built using reinforced concrete structures. Calculations show, the proposed variants of building models using wooden structures are not inferior in physical, mechanical, and load-bearing indicators to a similar building made of reinforced concrete structures, moreover they surpasses in some cases. The experimental part of the work is aimed at the complete replacement of reinforced concrete structures with wooden ones. The results could make the construction of such structures profitable, but at the same time reducing the time for construction. Confirmation of this fact can be observed on successfully implemented multi-story buildings in European countries.
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Kumar, Gajagantarao Sai, Purushotham Rao i Partheepan Ganesan. "Effect of Shear Wall Location On Seismic Performance of High Raised Buildings". International Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and Management 4, nr 1 (13.01.2021): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.47607/ijresm.2021.447.
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Multi-storey buildings tend to get damaged mainly during earthquake. Seismic analysis is a tool for the estimation of structural response in the process of designing earthquake resistant structures and/or retrofitting vulnerable existing structures. The principle purpose of this work is to analyze and design a building with a shear wall and also to find the appropriate position of shear wall that result in maximum resistance towards lateral forces and minimum displacement of the structure. In this study, a G+7 multi-storey building of 15 m ×20 m in plan area has been chosen and modelled using ETABS. The developed model was validated by solving manually and the results were validated in ETABS. Thereafter, 4 different new plans were modelled in ETABS located in the same earthquake zone area. These plans have shear wall concepts are implemented on the building at four different locations. Seismic, vibration and response spectrum analysis were performed on these structures. Salient parameters such as storey stiffness, storey displacement and storey drift were computed using the ETABS model. These were compared with that of the frame having no shear walls. By comparing the results obtained at different shear wall locations, the best plan with the shear wall having minimum lateral storey displacement and maximum stiffness is suggested for this location.
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Minasyan, A. A. "General and local stability of multi-storey buildings under dynamic and seismic influences". STRUCTURAL MECHANICS AND ANALYSIS OF CONSTRUCTIONS 303, nr 4 (28.08.2022): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37538/0039-2383.2022.4.50.54.
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The issues of general and local stability of multi-storey buildings and high-rise structures under emergency (explosions, earthquakes) loads are considered. Differential equations describing three-dimensional translational and three-dimensional rotational oscillations are given. Dependences of local and general stability estimation are obtained. A numerical example is given that takes into account local stability in higher forms of oscillation. At the same time, the behavior of a real 16-storey frame building in Leninakan during the earthquake in Spitak on December 7, 1988 is analyzed. The main causes of loss of stability and destruction are carried out.
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Charan, Rajshree, i Alpesh Patel. "Seismic Response Of Multi-storey Building Using Artificial Neural Network". Proceedings of the 12th Structural Engineering Convention, SEC 2022: Themes 1-2 1, nr 1 (19.12.2022): 1069–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.38208/acp.v1.622.
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The different parameters like base shear, drift, and top storey displacement of G+7 building is evaluated by using time history analysis and response spectrum analysis for the purpose of comparative study of both the analyses using MATLAB and an artificial neural network (ANN). The main objective of present work is to analyse earthquake of different locations like Bhuj, Kobe, Victoria and Elecentro, for time history analysis building is not connected with actuator and it is analysed during seismic motion of building using a MATLAB software. Base shear, drift and top storey displacement is evaluated during this analysis. For response spectrum analysis, first building relates to actuator at top floor. And during seismic motion of building different parameters like base shear, drift and top floor displacement are evaluated using MATLAB software and for evaluation of control force of a design actuator artificial neural network (ANN) is used. From time history analysis, response spectrum analysis test results and graphs for G+7 building it is clear that, when actuator is not connected with building it does not dissipate the energy of seismic motion and base shear of building , drift , and top floor displacement is very high, and in second case when building is connected with actuator at optimal place it gives considerable response during seismic motion of building and base shear of building, drift, and top floor displacement are can considerably reduce using control actuator system.
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Pandey, Mr Suryakant. "Seismic Analysis of L-Shape Multi-Storey RCC Building with X-Bracing in Different Effective Location and Pattern". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, nr 8 (31.08.2021): 1150–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37530.
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Abstract: In this day and age of urbanization, there is a strong need for a large-scale high-rise apartment building in every city but high-rise construction systems are extremely difficult to construct in any seismic region due to the intense and disruptive nature of seismic forces. Seismic forces have the highest risk of causing the most harm to high-rise buildings. To meet this need, the Civil Engineering industry is constantly developing new groundbreaking techniques. To solve this problem RCC or steel bracings are provided in high-rise buildings which help to the low down the effect of seismic and wind forces. The main objective of this paper is to locate an effective position and pattern of the RCC X-bracing system in the L- shape multi-storey building which is subjected to seismic forces. According to a previous reference paper, X-bracing produces better results than other bracing systems. Analysis the seven types of frame models are taken – (1) Normal L-shape building without bracing, (2) Xbracing are provided at the face of L-shape building, (3) X-bracing are provided alternative pattern at the face of L-shape building from bottom to top floor, (4) X- bracing are provided zig-zag pattern at the face of L-shape building, (5) X-bracing are provided at the corner of L-shape building, (6) X-bracing are provided alternative pattern at the corner of L-shape building from bottom to the top floor, (7) X-bracing are provided zig-zag pattern at the corner of L-shape building. Developed and evaluated by response spectrum analysis method (Linear dynamic analysis) as per IS 1893-2000 using STAAD PRO V8i. In the present work G+12 storey, the L-shape frame structure is analyzed by using X-bracing. It is analyzed and the results of the Following Parameters are taken - (1) Peak storey shear, (2) Base shear, (3) Nodal displacement, (4) Maximum bending moment, (5) Total quantity of steel in the whole structure, (6) Total volume of concrete in the whole structure are evaluated and compared. Keywords: RCC Bracing, Seismic Behavior, Seismic Analysis, Peak Storey Shear, Base shear, Nodal Displacements, Maximum Bending Moment, The Total Quantity of Steel, The Total Volume of Concrete
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Jiménez, Guillermo A. López, i Daniel Dias. "Dynamic Soil–Structure Interaction Effects in Buildings Founded on Vertical Reinforcement Elements". CivilEng 3, nr 3 (27.06.2022): 573–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/civileng3030034.
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Pile foundation is an effective technique to support buildings in the presence of soft soil and seismic areas. More recently, the rigid inclusions system has also been utilized for founding buildings. Both systems increase the bearing capacity of the soil and allow reducing the total and differential settlements in the structure. However, the study of these systems in a complete and accurate way implies the consideration of the soil–structure interaction (SSI). In order to investigate the impact of different pile toe conditions (including the placement on hard soil, an anchorage and floating piles) in the response of mid-rise buildings, numerical models with a 5-storey frame building founded on the inclusions system (soil–inclusion–platform–structure) are analyzed and compared with the pile system (soil–pile–structure). Fully coupled finite difference numerical models were developed using Flac 3D. The influence of the dynamic characteristics of the structure was considered analyzing buildings with different heights (3 storeys to 7 storeys). The linear elastic perfectly plastic model with a Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion is used to represent the behavior of the soil. Values of the maximum lateral displacements, of the inter-storey drifts and of the shear forces distribution in the buildings, as well as the rocking of the foundation, are presented. Concerning the foundations, efforts and displacements are compared for the different systems. The results show that the type of support condition influences the seismic response of the building and the efforts and displacements in the rigid elements, depending on the foundation system. The efforts at the toe level in the rigid elements are highly influenced by the support conditions, but there is only a slight influence from the head connection.
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Iduwin, Tommy, i Dicki Dian Purnama. "Perilaku Gedung Dengan Perbedaan Kekakuan Antar Lantai". FORUM MEKANIKA 8, nr 1 (27.05.2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33322/forummekanika.v8i1.410.
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Abstract
Earthquake is one of the most frequent disasters in Indonesia. This is due to the location of Indonesia which is located between 3 active plates, namely the Pacific Plate, the Indo-Australian Plate and the Eurasian Plate. While from 2018 to date the biggest and worst earthquake in the Lombok Earthquake that occurred with magnitude reached 7 on the Richter Scale and hammer earthquakes with magnitude 7.4 on the Richter Scale. One of the frequent failures caused by the earthquake is the soft store. Soft story mainly occurs in office buildings, hotels or apartments which generally have a lobby or area that is intentionally made without walls / dividers, either on the ground floor or the upper floors so that inter-floor fuss will be different. In designing and modeling structures, buildings are generally designed with open frame type port without walls. The height of the column can also cause a difference between different floors. This study will compare between the wallless portal model with a higher level at the bottom of the building, the middle of the building and the top of the building, where a high level with smaller stiffness has the potential to be soft (soft story). In this study using ETABS 9.7.2 program with spectrum response dynamic load based on the 2017 earthquake map. Results The structure period of the results of the analysis with the program in the crack cross section condition was obtained at 2.01 seconds. The shape mode for the three PPKBB, PKBT and PKBA building types has met the requirements where in shape 1 and 2 building models are translating towards the x or y axis while in shape 3 mode they are twisted. The required mass participation ratio value is reached at the 90% percentage reached at the 8th shape mode for the PKBB and PKBT buildings. While for PKBA it is reached in the 5th shape mode. Deviation values for the three types of building PKBB, PKBT and PKBA are still within the permit limit.
Keywords: earthquake, soft storey, spectrum response
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Shekh, Imam Usman, i Pallavi Vangari. "Analysis, Design and Estimation of G +7 Storey Building Structure By Using Is Code Methods and By Using Softwares". Journal of Advances and Scholarly Researches in Allied Education 15, nr 2 (1.04.2018): 570–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.29070/15/56899.
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Haider, Syed Muhammad Bilal, Zafarullah Nizamani, Chun-Chieh Yip i Jing-Ying Wong. "NONLINEAR DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF TWO STOREY RC BUILDING MODEL". Jurnal Teknologi 83, nr 4 (7.06.2021): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v83.16390.
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Peninsular Malaysia lies in a low seismic zone, but its building structures had come across the concrete deterioration due to the seismic ground motion originated from far or near field. Notably, most of the building structures in this country are designed based on wind load only. Moreover, current practice to analyze or design a building such as FEMA 368 and EC8 underestimated the effect of repeated excitations. These guidelines only considered single vibrations to evaluate the framed structure. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the performance of private educational institute reinforced concrete building with generic 3D two storey frame structure under multiple seismic motions. Structural model was examined under series of earthquake motions which include pre-shock, main shock and aftershock scenario. Total of 7 seismic ground motions were selected to quantify the structural frame model by nonlinear dynamic time history analyses. Pseudo-dynamic ground motions were recorded on shaking table ranging from 0.18 g to 0.82 g were applied onto the building model for assessment. The outcome of this study has identified that the low-rise building model survived at higher PGA values. Moderate damages (0.25 ≤ DI < 0.40) were recorded after passing through multiple ground motions. Moreover, low seismic vibrations with large ground movement had caused ground floor storey act as soft storey. The study concluded that low rise building model had higher tendency to absorb lower to higher ‘g’ values and resist the earthquake loading due to the strength of framed structure.
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Patel, Bhavik, i Bharat J. Shah. "Enhancement Factor for Collapse Resistance of RC Buildings Considering Brick Infills". SAMRIDDHI : A Journal of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology 14, nr 02 (30.06.2022): 206–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18090/samriddhi.v14i02.14.
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Progressive collapse is described as the removal or damage of one or more primary load carrying elements of the structures leading to the partial or full collapse of structures. For assessment of resistance towards collapse, various methods have been found in good literature and guidelines like alternate path method, strengthening or enhancement in local elements, strengthening of the girders, truss formulation at upper-level storey etc. In the present study, attempts have been focused on the contribution of brick infill walls on building resistance to collapse with different opening ratios. Three buildings structures have been considered in the present study having 4-storey, 7-storey and 10-storey (bare frame) with removal cases of four columns on at a time. The worst column removal scenario has been considered to check the influence of brick infill wall panels with different opening ratios. The structure is designed as per relevant IS codes and masonry work for brick infill have been considered with first class bricks. The present study recommends the enhancement factor for the contribution of brick infill wall panels for collapse resistance assessment of bare RC frame structure.
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Arifin, Fransiscus Asisi, Timothy J. Sullivan, Gregory MacRae, Masahiro Kurata i Tadahisa Takeda. "Lessons for loss assessment from the Canterbury earthquakes: a 22-storey building". Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 19, nr 5 (13.02.2021): 2081–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10518-021-01055-7.
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Janbandhu, Akshita, Piyush Singh, K. R. Dabhekar, I. Khedikar i Janmejay V. Shukla. "Effect of Various Concentric Bracing in Building". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1193, nr 1 (1.06.2023): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1193/1/012014.
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Abstract While constructing a building the most important factor to be considered is its strength. Strength against different types of load that will be act on the structure after absolute construction. The most important type of load to be considered while construction is lateral load, cause not every structure can sustain lateral loads, especially high-rise structures build on earthquake prone areas. In order to resist lateral loads on such areas either the structure should have columns of higher section or we need to add shear wall or bracing to the structure. Bracing and shear wall provide lateral support to any structure. Bracing as well as shear wall takes the extra load of columns and beams during an earthquake which helps in load balancing. In this paper we have made a G+7 building and did earthquake analysis on STAAD.PRO software as per zone V. When earthquake load is applied to the structure without braces some of the columns an beams fail so in order to make the structure stable we applied braces (X and Diagonal) to the same structure and then compared the three models based on maximum storey displacement, maximum storey drift, bending moment, shear force and base shear.
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Kene, Piyush. "A Comparative Study on Analysis of a Conventional Multi-Storey Building & a Monocolumn Building". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, nr VI (30.06.2021): 3851–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35964.
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The comparative study on analysis of RCC Frame structure supported on a single column and multi-column is done in this project. Cost comparison , Ground space comparison is done between RCC single column and RCC multi column structure .This paper presents structural modelling, stress, bending moment, shear force and displacement, deflection design considerations for a structure and it is analysed using STAAD-Pro. Various steps involved in designing of RCC Frame structure supported on a single column and multi-column by using software are Geometric Modelling, providing material properties and sectional Properties, fixing supports and boundary Conditions, providing loads & load combinations, Special Commands, Analysis Specification , Design Command and Report. The influence of plan geometry has an important role in static analysis. Maximum values of stresses, bending moments, shear forces and displacements and deflection are presented. The acting loads considered in the present analysis were dead load, Live load, floor load, and wind load. The project is to planning & analysis by using software for a multi storied building and single column building of G+3, G+7, G+15 floors. The design is done by taking in to account the requirements and standards recommended by IS code and national building rules.
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Letan, R., V. Dubovsky i G. Ziskind. "Passive ventilation and heating by natural convection in a multi-storey building". Building and Environment 38, nr 2 (luty 2003): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0360-1323(02)00070-7.
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Liu, Hong Xia. "Study the Application of PHC Piles to Treat Collapsible Loess Soils". Advanced Materials Research 446-449 (styczeń 2012): 1649–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.446-449.1649.
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Some project in Henan Province of China mainly includes high-rise residential buildings, multi-storey commercial building and the garage, and the building fields are collapsible soils which belong to non-weight grade Ⅱ. 315 static pressure PHC piles were constructed in square shape, 7 holes were drilled at the places near or close to the PHC pile, porosity ratio, weight and non-weight collapsibility coefficients were in-door tested, and corresponding calculation results reveal that: static pressure PHC piles can efficiently eliminate loess collapsibility of the fields, there are differences between the porosity ratios of experimental values and theoretical values, so the construction testing and acceptance should be based on the in-situ testing results, and these conclusions provide basis for the similar projects in future.
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Febriansyah, Aldrin. "RAPID ASESMEN KERUSAKAN BANGUNAN PASCA GEMPA BUMI DI SEKITAR MASJID AT-TAQARRUB, TRIENGGADING, PIDIE JAYA, ACEH". Sustainable, Planning and Culture (SPACE) : Jurnal Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota 2, nr 1 (24.07.2020): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32795/space.v2i1.830.
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The earthquake that occurred on 7 December 2016 with a magnitude of 6.4 SR in Pidie Jaya District, Aceh has resulted in many material and immaterial losses. Where many facilities and infrastructure are damaged, buildings are not multi-storey to high-rise buildings. One of them is a residential area around the At-Taqarrub mosque, which is in the Keude area, Trienggading sub-district, Pidie Jaya district. At-Taqarrub Mosque is one of the worship facilities that is heavily damaged and cannot be repaired. In the area only the At-Taqarrub mosque was the only building that collapsed, while the surrounding buildings were still standing with various kinds of damage. This journal is to find out the results of rapid assessment of the level of damage to buildings against structures and building materials around the At-Taqarrub mosque. The method used is the method of mapping and direct survey of the surrounding buildings and then determine the level of damage to the structural components and building architecture. The results of this study indicate various levels of post-earthquake building damage that occur and provide recommendations for buildings damaged in the earthquake in Pidie Jaya in particular and throughout Indonesia in general.
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Yang, Wei Jun, Ming Sheng Duan i Ming Juan Yin. "Nonlinear Seismic Response Analysis of Concrete Perforated Brick Masonry Building". Applied Mechanics and Materials 160 (marzec 2012): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.160.87.
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In order to grasp the seismic performance of the concrete perforated brick masonry building, nonlinear dynamic analysis is used for seismic response analysis of multi-storey building. In the degradation of trainer restoring force model,it is proposed that the yield moment of the inflection point is calculated by linear interpolation, the unloading time of inflection point is calculated by the precise non-iterative, which approach to improve the accuracy and efficiency of nonlinear analysis. Example shows: concrete perforated brick masonry structure in the 7-degree multi-zone can be widely used.
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Rahgozar, Peyman. "Free Vibration of Tall Buildings using Energy Method and Hamilton’s Principle". Civil Engineering Journal 6, nr 5 (1.05.2020): 945–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2020-03091519.
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In a framed-tube tall building, shear wall systems are the most efficient structural systems for increasing the lateral load resistance. A novel and simple mathematical model is developed herein which calculates the natural frequencies of such tall buildings. The analyses are based on a continuous model, in which a tall building structure is replaced by an idealized cantilever beam that embodies all relevant structural characteristics. Governing equations and the corresponding eigen-problem are derived based on the energy method and Hamilton’s principle. Solutions are obtained for three examples; using the separation of variables technique implemented in MATLAB. The results are compared to SAP2000 full model analysis; and they indicate reasonable accuracy. The computed natural frequencies for structures 50, 60 and 70 storey buildings were over-estimate 7, 11 and 14 percent respectively. The computed errors indicate that the proposed method has acceptable accuracy; and can be used during the initial stages of designing of tall buildings; it is fast and low cost computational process.
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Vašátko, Radek, i Jan L. Vítek. "Long-Term Monitoring of Concrete Building Structure". Solid State Phenomena 272 (luty 2018): 160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.272.160.
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Long-term deformations of the concrete are important for determination of behavior of concrete structures. For prediction of the long-term deformations rheological models are used. The models are usually derived from measurements on laboratory specimens. There are only few measurements performed on real structures. The objective of the realized experimental program is to compare predicted values of strains and strains measured on a real structure. Vibrating wire strain gauges have been installed in two columns in underground floors of eight-storey office building. Target of this paper is evaluation of measurement from the initial period (7 to 8 months). Measured values have been compared with results of first calculations and with values measured on laboratory specimens placed at the construction site.
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Eikemeier, S., R. Wimmer i A. Mahdavi. "Simulation-supported shading design optimisation for a multi-storey building with passive cooling". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 609 (23.10.2019): 072009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/609/7/072009.
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Amelia, Della, Inda Sumarli i Ali Iskandar. "ANALISIS DAMPAK PEMBUKAAN GALIAN UNTUK CONNECTING BASEMENT TERHADAP BANGUNAN EKSISTING DENGAN METODE FINITE ELEMENT". Jurnal Muara Sains, Teknologi, Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan 5, nr 2 (30.10.2021): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/jmstkik.v5i2.10873.
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In a deep excavation construction that adjacent to the existing buildings there is a concern that it will have a bad impact or effect on adjacent buildings. The effect of deep excavation induced deformation of the existing structures due to ground movements and ground surface settlement behind the wall which can cause a tilt of the building. The objective of this study is to observe the effect of deep excavation (7 storey basement) adjacent to the existing buildings with 7 and 5 storey basement located in South Jakarta. The basement is connected to the basement of the existing building so that the effect of diaphragm wall opening for connecting basement towards the substructures of the existing building is observed. This study was conducted by observing the deformation that occurs in the diaphragm of the existing building, and also observing the internal forces acting on the basement floors slabs of the existing buildings. Observations were made using a three-dimensional finite element program with the most commonly used material model for analysis of deep excavation, The Hardening Soil Model. The analysis was performed with drained conditions with phreatic calculation type and only calculated the static conditions. Results indicate that the deflection that occurs after the final stage of excavation is still within the allowable limit according to the SNI 8460:2017, which is less than 14 centimeters on the diaphragm wall of the existing buildings. Keywords: Deep Excavation; Connecting Basement; Diaphragm Wall; Hardening Soil; Finite Element AbstrakPada suatu konstruksi galian dalam yang berdekatan dengan suatu bangunan lain dikhawatirkan akan memberikan dampak atau efek yang buruk terhadap bangunan di sekitarnya. Efek dari galian dalam tersebut menyebabkan terjadinya deformasi pada struktur dari bangunan di sekitarnya akibat dari pergerakan tanah dan penurunan permukaan tanah di belakang dinding yang dapat menyebabkan bangunan tersebut menjadi miring. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengamati pengaruh pekerjaan galian dalam (basement dengan 7 lantai) yang berdekatan dengan bangunan sekitar dengan basement 5 lantai dan 7 lantai yang berlokasi di Jakarta Selatan. Basement yang dimodelkan terkoneksi dengan basement dari bangunan eksisting sehingga diamati pengaruh bukaan dinding diafragma untuk connecting basement terhadap struktur bawah bangunan eksisting. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melihat deformasi yang terjadi pada dinding diafragma dari bangunan eksisting, dan juga mengamati gaya-gaya dalam yang bekerja pada pelat lantai basement dari bangunan eksisting. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan menggunakan program elemen hingga tiga dimensi dengan model material yang paling umum digunakan yaitu Hardening Soil untuk analisis galian dalam. Analisis dilakukan dengan kondisi drained dengan tipe kalkulasi phreatic serta hanya memperhitungkan keadaan static. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa defleksi yang terjadi setelah tahapan terakhir pekerjaan galian dalam yaitu masih dalam batas yang diijinkan menurut SNI 8460:2017 yaitu dibawah dari 14 cm pada dinding diafragma bangunan eksisting.
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Yarmoshenko, I. V., A. D. Onishchenko, G. P. Malinovsky, A. V. Vasilyev, E. I. Nazarov i M. V. Zhukovsky. "Comparative analysis of radon concentrations in buildings of different energy efficiency classes on example of five Russian cities". Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene 13, nr 2 (25.06.2020): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21514/1998-426x-2020-13-2-47-56.
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A comparative analysis of the radon concentrations in modern multi-storey residential buildings of high energy efficiency class and buildings typical for urban areas of the twentieth century was carried out. The study was conducted in Russian cities located in various climatic zones – Ekaterinburg, Krasnodar, St. Petersburg, Salekhard, Chelyabinsk. The radon concentration in samples of buildings was measured using integrated radon radiometers based on nuclear track detectors according to a single method. The surveyed sample included 498 apartments in multi-apartment buildings. Among all the examined building types, the highest average radon concentration is observed in modern energy-efficient houses – 43 Bq/m3. In other types of buildings, the following average radon concentrations were obtained: brick 2–5 floors – 35 Bq/m3; panel 5 floors – 32 Bq/m3; panel 7–12 floors 1970-1990 years of construction – 22 Bq/m3; brick> 5 floors 1970–1980 years of construction – 20 Bq m3; panel, built since 1990 – 24 Bq/m3. The results of the study confirm the assumption that radon concentration in modern multi-storey energy-efficient houses is on average higher than in typical residential buildings of the Soviet period. The increased accumulation of radon in energy-efficient buildings is associated with a decrease in the building envelope permeability and the contribution of fresh air to the general air exchange. Despite the fact that there were no cases of exceeding hygienic standards for the indoor radon concentration in the framework of this study, the higher radon concentration in buildings of increased energy efficiency requires attention from the point of view of implementing the principle of optimization of radiation protection. In the future, extensive construction of energy-efficient buildings may increase the average and collective doses to the urban population in the Russian Federation.
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Xin, Danhua, James Edward Daniell, Hing-Ho Tsang i Friedemann Wenzel. "Residential building stock modelling for mainland China targeted for seismic risk assessment". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 21, nr 10 (13.10.2021): 3031–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-3031-2021.
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Abstract. To enhance the estimation accuracy of economic loss and casualty in seismic risk assessment, a high-resolution building exposure model is necessary. Previous studies in developing global and regional building exposure models usually use coarse administrative-level (e.g. country or sub-country level) census data as model inputs, which cannot fully reflect the spatial heterogeneity of buildings in large countries like China. To develop a high-resolution residential building stock model for mainland China, this paper uses finer urbanity-level population and building-related statistics extracted from the records in the tabulation of the 2010 population census of the People's Republic of China (hereafter abbreviated as the “2010 census”). In the 2010 census records, for each province, the building-related statistics are categorized into three urbanity levels (urban, township, and rural). To disaggregate these statistics into high-resolution grid level, we need to determine the urbanity attributes of grids within each province. For this purpose, the geo-coded population density profile (with 1 km × 1 km resolution) developed in the 2015 Global Human Settlement Layer (GSHL) project is selected. Then for each province, the grids are assigned with urban, township, or rural attributes according to the population density in the 2015 GHSL profile. Next, the urbanity-level building-related statistics can be disaggregated into grids, and the 2015 GHSL population in each grid is used as the disaggregation weight. Based on the four structure types (steel and reinforced concrete, mixed, brick and wood, other) and five storey classes (1, 2–3, 4–6, 7–9, ≥10) of residential buildings classified in the 2010 census records, we reclassify the residential buildings into 17 building subtypes attached with both structure type and storey class and estimate their unit construction prices. Finally, we develop a geo-coded 1 km × 1 km resolution residential building exposure model for 31 provinces of mainland China. In each 1 km × 1 km grid, the floor areas of the 17 residential building subtypes and their replacement values are estimated. The model performance is evaluated to be satisfactory, and its practicability in seismic risk assessment is also confirmed. Limitations of the proposed model and directions for future improvement are discussed. The whole modelling process presented in this paper is fully reproducible, and all the modelled results are publicly accessible.
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Szczerba, Radosław. "Structural robustness of steel framed buildings subjected to accidental actions". Budownictwo i Architektura 13, nr 3 (11.09.2014): 283–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.1831.
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The approach of Eurocode 1 to accidental actions was briefly presented in the paper. These specific actions occur very rarely but due to their high intensity may result in the total collapse of the building. Together with the description of structural robustness requirements, accidental design situations were discussed in accordance with the Standard PN-EN 1991-1-7. Furthermore, the analysis of steel framed building was carried out. The analysis concerns removal of a column on the lowest storey and was executed with the use of Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional 2013.
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Mohamed, Osama Ahmed, i Mohamed Sherif Mehana. "Assessment of Accidental Torsion in Building Structures Using Static and Dynamic Analysis Procedures". Applied Sciences 10, nr 16 (9.08.2020): 5509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10165509.
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This article presents the findings of a study on assessment of the increase in building’s response due to accidental torsion when subjected to seismic forces. Critical stiffness and geometrical parameters that define buildings torsional response are examined including: (1) the ratio, Ω, between uncoupled torsional frequency ωθ to uncoupled translation frequencies in the direction of ground motion ωx or ωy, (2) floor plan aspect ratio, b/r, which is a function of the floor dimension and radius of gyration. The increased response is assessed on symmetric multi-storey buildings using both static and dynamic analysis methods specified by ASCE-7 and considering parameters affecting the torsional response. It was concluded that static and dynamic analysis procedures predict different accidental torsion responses. Static analysis based on the Equivalent Lateral Force (ELF) method predicts more conservative accidental torsions responses for flexible structures with Ω < 0.7~0.80, while the responses are less conservative for stiffer buildings. The conservativism in static analysis method is attributed to the response amplification factor, Ax. Floor plans and their lateral support system having frequency ratio Ω = 1 will also have a torsional radius equal to radius of gyration, and will experience drop in torsional response relative to more torsionally flexible buildings. This article presents a procedure to overcome the shortcomings of static and dynamic analysis procedures in terms of estimating accidental torsion response of symmetric building structures.
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Kylkilahti, Eliisa, Sami Berghäll, Minna Autio, Jonne Nurminen, Ritva Toivonen, Katja Lähtinen, Heini Vihemäki, Florencia Franzini i Anne Toppinen. "A consumer-driven bioeconomy in housing? Combining consumption style with students' perceptions of the use of wood in multi-storey buildings". Ambio 49, nr 12 (9.10.2020): 1943–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13280-020-01397-7.
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Abstract Consumer acceptance of new bio-based products plays a key role in the envisioned transition towards a forest-based bioeconomy. Multi-storey wooden buildings (MSWB) exemplify a modern, bio-based business opportunity for enacting low-carbon urban housing. However, there is limited knowledge about the differing perceptions consumers hold regarding wood as an urban building material. To fill this gap, this study explores Finnish students’ perceptions of MSWB relative to their familiarity with wooden residential buildings, and then connects these perceptions to ‘consumption styles.’ Data were collected in the Helsinki metropolitan area via an online questionnaire (n = 531). The results indicate that the aesthetic appearance of MSWB are appreciated most by frugal and responsible consumers, whereas the comfort, environmental friendliness, and longevity of MSWB are important to consumers who identify themselves as ‘thoughtful spenders.’ The study suggests that both environmental and hedonic young consumers already familiar with the use of wood in housing contribute to a successful bioeconomy in the urban context.
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Jin, Ruiqiu, Jian Hang, Shanshan Liu, Jianjian Wei, Yang Liu, Jielan Xie i Mats Sandberg. "Numerical investigation of wind-driven natural ventilation performance in a multi-storey hospital by coupling indoor and outdoor airflow". Indoor and Built Environment 25, nr 8 (28.07.2016): 1226–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x15595689.
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This study employed two ventilation indexes: local mean age of air and air change rate per hour, to investigate wind-induced natural ventilation of 260 wards of a multi-storey hospital building in suburb of Guangzhou using computational fluid dynamics simulations. Using the surface-grid extrusion technique, high-quality hexahedral grid cells were generated for the coupled outdoor and indoor airflow field. Turbulence was solved by the renormalisation group k-ɛ model validated against experimental data with grid independence studies. Homogeneous tracer gas emission was adopted to predict room age of air. The air change rate of cross ventilation and single-sided ventilation can reach 30–160 h−1 and 0.5–7 h−1, respectively. Due to different locations of room openings on the balconies, natural ventilation of a room can be greatly better than its neighbouring room. The wind-induced cross ventilation highly depends on the distance from the room opening to the stagnation point and on the resulting pressure distribution on the target building surface. Furthermore, it is significantly influenced by the upstream buildings, the bent shape of the target building, and the prevailing wind directions. The coupled computational fluid dynamics methodologies with integrated ventilation indexes are useful for assessing the natural ventilation performance in other complex built environments.
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Arif, W., i I. G. Craifaleanu. "Assessment of the Seismic Vulnerability of a Multi-storey RC Structure with Plan Irregularity: A Case Study". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1185, nr 1 (1.05.2023): 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1185/1/012021.
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Abstract A nine-story reinforced concrete dual system (wall-frame) building located in Bucharest, categorized as plan-asymmetric and designed according to the provisions of Romanian and European codes was studied. The criteria for regularity in plan were verified comparatively according to three codes (Eurocode 8, ASCE 7-16 and the Romanian seismic design code P100-1-2013). The seismic behaviour of the studied building was further investigated by detailed nonlinear static analyses (pushover) and nonlinear dynamic analyses performed on the 3-D building model, for various load patterns and spectrum-compatible ground motion records, respectively. The seismic vulnerability of the building was estimated based on the structural vulnerability index, determined from the nonlinear analyses. The study highlighted the significant effects of the overall torsion on the investigated parameters, in particular on interstory drifts and roof displacements, but also on the seismic vulnerability index.
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Barcewicz, Wioleta, i Forat Al-Sahar. "Practical application of Eurocode provisions to design a steel frame of a building classified to the upper risk group". MATEC Web of Conferences 262 (2019): 09001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926209001.
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Within the framework of this paper, the design of steel structure of the eight-storey building intended for a hotel is carried out, on the basis of Eurocodes. According to EN 1991-1-7, the building is classified to the upper risk group - CC2b and therefore additional requirements to the design has to be applied. The steel structure of the building should be checked in order to sustain an extent of localised failure from an unspecified cause without disproportionate collapse. It has been achieved by the three-part studies. In the first part, the frame structural members and the semi-rigid beam-to-column joints are verified for the normal design situation. The second part is related to the study of the structure subject to accidental damage due to a column loss. Three various accidental load cases are considered, in which the columns of the lowest storey are removed from three different positions. Finally, a design of the frame subject to the accidental situation has been performed using the key elements method based on the selection of the structural elements that are notified as the most critical and adoption of the recommended value of the accidental load, simulating an exceptional event within the accidental load combinations.
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Tang, S. J., Q. Zhu, W. W. Wang i Y. T. Zhang. "AUTOMATIC TOPOLOGY DERIVATION FROM IFC BUILDING MODEL FOR IN-DOOR INTELLIGENT NAVIGATION". ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-4/W5 (11.05.2015): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-4-w5-7-2015.
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With the goal to achieve an accuracy navigation within the building environment, it is critical to explore a feasible way for building the connectivity relationships among 3D geographical features called in-building topology network. Traditional topology construction approaches for indoor space always based on 2D maps or pure geometry model, which remained information insufficient problem. Especially, an intelligent navigation for different applications depends mainly on the precise geometry and semantics of the navigation network. The trouble caused by existed topology construction approaches can be smoothed by employing IFC building model which contains detailed semantic and geometric information. In this paper, we present a method which combined a straight media axis transformation algorithm (S-MAT) with IFC building model to reconstruct indoor geometric topology network. This derived topology aimed at facilitating the decision making for different in-building navigation. In this work, we describe a multi-step deviation process including semantic cleaning, walkable features extraction, Multi-Storey 2D Mapping and S-MAT implementation to automatically generate topography information from existing indoor building model data given in IFC.
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Swathi, S., Katta Venkataramana i C. Rajasekaran. "Evaluation of Performance Point of Structure Using Capacity Spectrum Method". Applied Mechanics and Materials 877 (luty 2018): 299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.877.299.
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Performance-based seismic design (PBSD) is an approach, in which the design aim is to deliver a structure capable of meeting certain predictable performance objectives under different levels of earthquake motions. In order to ensure the desirable performance of buildings or structures, the structural parameters such as strength, stiffness and ductility or deformability should be reasonably proportioned. Conventional methods of seismic design have the objectives to provide life safety (strength and ductility) and damage control (serviceability drift limits). However, little information is available on how the building reacts to a seismic hazard. The basic concept of PBSD is to provide the engineers with the capability to design buildings that have a predictable and reliable performance in case of a seismic hazard. This procedure compares the capacity of a structure (in the form of a pushover curve), with the demand imposed by the earthquake on the structure (in the form of response spectra).The present paper determines the performance point of the structure, using Capacity Spectrum Method (CSM). A 7-storey building has been considered for this purpose and pushover analysis is carried out. An attempt has been made to perform the seismic analysis for the building, to obtain the performance point.
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Tarasevych, D. V., i O. V. Bogdan. "THE INFLUENCE OF THE CHANGES IN WIND VELOCITY ON THE OUTER HEAT EXCHANGE OF THE BUILDINGS". Bulletin of Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, nr 83 (4.06.2021): 148–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31650/2415-377x-2021-83-148-155.
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When choosing architectural and planning solutions, such climatic factors as air temperature and humidity, having scalar quantities, as well as solar radiation, wind and precipitation having vector characteristics, must be taken into account. The calculated climatic parameters for the design of building enclosing structures, heat loss calculations and heat supply regulation are provided in the current documentation on norms and standards. The practical exploitation of various buildings demonstrates that in terms of initial climatic data, the choice of design parameters is not always efficiently justified; hence, the influence of the environment on the heating regime of the structures is insufficient in the estimations and sometimes erroneous. The wind is one of such climatic parameters. Its velocity and repeatability impact the heat exchange of the building structure with the environment as well as the alteration in temperature regime. The wind current towards the building creates additional pressure on the facade of the construction from the wind side direction. This leads, firstly, to air infiltration via the enclosing structures, and secondly, to the rise of heat exchange from the outer surface of the wall on the windward side. Based on estimated and analytical research, the values of the change in wind velocity depending on the altitude were analyzed, and its influence on the heat loss during heating of multi-storey buildings was assessed. The alterations in the wind velocity depending on the altitude were analyzed in the conditions of dense (urban) and broad construction. Besides, the authors presented the dependence of the convective component of the heat transfer coefficient of the outer surface of the structure on the values of the wind velocity. Based on the performed and presented calculations, it can be noticed that the heat transfer of the external structure will be much higher for multi-storey buildings than for mid-rise constructions. Thus, the convective component of the heat transfer coefficient of the outer surface rises by 36 % when the wind velocity increases from 5 m/s to 7 m/s. If not taking into consideration this dependence in the design, it can significantly influence the estimation of heat loss and energy efficiency of buildings, especially when it is about the increased percentage of facades glazing. The authors of the article assessed the heat loss for heating the windward and leeward facades at average values of the outside air temperature during the heating season in Ukraine. Hence, for constructions higher than 70 m with a calculated wind velocity of 5 m/s, heat losses increase from 10 % to 19 %. Such great difference in heat loss between the windward and leeward walls of the building requires increased thermal protection from the prevailing winter winds. Therefore, when designing multi-storey buildings, it is necessary to take into account changes in wind velocity according to the altitude. The obtained results can be useful both for choosing architectural and planning solutions, like the materials for external enclosing structures and for the objective assessment of the wind protection degree of individual buildings and territories.
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Auersch, Lutz. "Simple and fast prediction of train-induced track forces, ground and building vibrations". Railway Engineering Science 28, nr 3 (wrzesień 2020): 232–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40534-020-00218-7.
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Abstract A simple and fast prediction scheme is presented for train-induced ground and building vibrations. Simple models such as (one-dimensional) transfer matrices are used for the vehicle–track–soil interaction and for the building–soil interaction. The wave propagation through layered soils is approximated by a frequency-dependent homogeneous half-space. The prediction is divided into the parts “emission” (excitation by railway traffic), “transmission” (wave propagation through the soil) and “immission” (transfer into a building). The link between the modules is made by the excitation force between emission and transmission, and by the free-field vibration between transmission and immission. All formula for the simple vehicle–track, soil and building models are given in this article. The behaviour of the models is demonstrated by typical examples, including the mitigation of train vibrations by elastic track elements, the low- and high-frequency cut-offs characteristic for layered soils, and the interacting soil, wall and floor resonances of multi-storey buildings. It is shown that the results of the simple prediction models can well represent the behaviour of the more time-consuming detailed models, the finite-element boundary-element models of the track, the wavenumber integrals for the soil and the three-dimensional finite-element models of the building. In addition, measurement examples are given for each part of the prediction, confirming that the methods provide reasonable results. As the prediction models are fast in calculation, many predictions can be done, for example to assess the environmental effect along a new railway line. The simple models have the additional advantage that the user needs to know only a minimum of parameters. So, the prediction is fast and user-friendly, but also theoretically and experimentally well-founded.
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Putro, Adhitio Ekatama, Gunawan Gunawan i Ida Widihastuti. "Evaluasi Utilitas Bangunan Pada GKB UNISSULA". Elektrika 12, nr 2 (14.12.2020): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/elektrika.v12i2.2321.
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<p><em> In the construction of multi-storey buildings, every aspect must be considered in accordance with the rules set out in the Act. Article 7 Paragraph 3 of Law 28/02 states that building construction must meet four aspects, namely safety, health, comfort, and convenience. To support the realization of these aspects, it is necessary to have a building utility. The Joint Lecture Building (GKB) of Sultan Agung Islamic University in Semarang, is a building that has 10 floors and is a busy building because it is used by several faculties, such as the PGSD Faculty, Language Faculty, Communication Faculty, and Nursing Faculty. In the operation of the GKB building, there are several complaints that occur in the GKB such as electricity that often goes out, some rooms have less lighting / dark, queues of elevator users are piling up and visually, the GKB building has the potential of being struck by lightning because it has high above average.</em></p><p><em>Seeing these conditions, the authors conducted a study to evaluate the reliability of buildings based on the utility of the building with methods that have been used in other studies, namely the scoring method that is based on visual inspection and by adding measurement methods, and calculations. From these results found the reliability value of the GKB building on the criterion of health scores got a score of 81, the health and comfort criteria scored 99, the ease criterion scored a score of 98. So the reliability of the GKB building got a score of 92 and was included in the unfit category.</em></p>
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Kozlov, Yegor. "Difficulties of overwintering of non-synanthropic bats in synanthropic locations: accumulation in a multi-storey building in Kyiv". Novitates Theriologicae, nr 13 (1.03.2022): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.53452/nt1342.
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A brief review of publications on a similar topic in Europe was carried out. Also, materials from personal communications of volunteers and the situation in a multi-storey building in Kyiv at 7 Gongadze Avenue with a large colony of wintering common noctules were also studied and analysed. Stories from various participants and sides were heard. Various participants were interviewed, the key advantages and disadvantages of using this place with bats for wintering were identified. A possible plan for improving the situation in this and similar cases through certain technological innovations has been outlined.
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Surya Kumar Dadi, V. V. S., i Pankaj Agarwal. "Updating of nonlinear analytical modeling of soft storey RC frame building models based on cyclic test results". Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 11, nr 5 (26.02.2013): 1493–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10518-013-9434-7.
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Makarios, T., i K. Anastassiadis. "Real and fictitious elastic axes of multi-storey buildings: theory". Structural Design of Tall Buildings 7, nr 1 (marzec 1998): 33–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1794(199803)7:1<33::aid-tal95>3.0.co;2-d.
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Makarios, T., i K. Anastassiadis. "Real and fictitious elastic axes of multi-storey buildings: applications". Structural Design of Tall Buildings 7, nr 1 (marzec 1998): 57–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1794(199803)7:1<57::aid-tal96>3.0.co;2-0.
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Gardezi, Syed Shujaa Safdar, Nasir Shafiq, Noor Amila Wan Abdullah Zawawi i Syed Ahmad Farhan. "Embodied Carbon Potential of Conventional Construction Materials Used in Typical Malaysian Single Storey Low Cost House Using Building Information Modeling (BIM)". Advanced Materials Research 1043 (październik 2014): 242–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1043.242.
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The housing sector of Malaysia plays a very prominent role in meeting the major requirements of accommodation throughout the country. However, this sector consumes a handsome amount of resources among which the construction materials are a prime resource. Besides the valuable contribution of housing sector, the building materials used make a significant contribution in embodied CO2 emissions. In order to access the magnitude of CO2 from housing sector, it is necessary that effect of embodied CO2 emissions from the materials used in conventional housing construction in Malaysia shall also be studied. This study focuses on the embodied CO2 emission from the materials used in construction of a typical low cost house which are commonly adopted in Malaysia. The virtual model of selected single storey low cost house was developed using Building Information Modeling (BIM) concept. The results highlighted that bricks (37%), concrete (22%), mild steel (19%), steel rebar (7%) and roof tiles (6%) are the top five materials responsible for CO2 emissions. The overall contribution of single storey house in terms of embodied CO2 emissions is observed to be 34 kg-CO2 / sq. ft. This study has helped to highlight the potential contribution of conventional materials used in typical housing sector of Malaysia.
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Marris, John, i Cor Vink. "Unexpected Faults: Managing Entomology Collections through the 2010/11 Canterbury Earthquakes". Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (4.07.2018): e27268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.27268.
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On 4 September 2010, a 7.1 magnitude earthquake struck near Darfield, 40 kilometres west of Christchurch, New Zealand. The quake caused significant damage to land and buildings nearby, with damage extending to Christchurch city. On 22 February 2011, a 6.3 magnitude earthquake struck Christchurch, causing extensive and significant damage across the city and with the loss of 185 lives. Years on from these events, occasional large aftershocks continue to shake the region. Two main entomological collections were situated within close proximity to the 2010/11 Canterbury earthquakes. The Lincoln University Entomology Research Collection, which is housed on the 5th floor of a 7 storey building, was 27.5 km from the 2010 Darfield earthquake epicentre. The Canterbury Museum Entomology Collection, which is housed in the basement of a multi-storeyed heritage building, was 10 km from the 2011 Christchurch earthquake epicentre. We discuss the impacts of the earthquakes on these collections, the causes of the damage to the specimens and facilities, and subsequent efforts that were made to prevent further damage in the event of future seismic events. We also discuss the wider need for preparedness against the risks posed by natural disasters and other catastrophic events.
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Shekh, Imam Usman. "Analysis, Design of G +7 Storey Building Structure with U Boot Beton Slab by using IS Code Method and Software". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 7, nr 7 (31.07.2019): 855–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2019.7138.
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Occhipinti, Giuseppe, Ivo Caliò, Antonio Maria D’Altri, Nicola Grillanda, Stefano de Miranda, Gabriele Milani i Enrico Spacone. "Nonlinear finite and discrete element simulations of multi-storey masonry walls". Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 20, nr 4 (7.01.2022): 2219–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10518-021-01233-7.
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Mkrtychev, Oleg, i Roman Zaitsev. "Studies of natural frequency degradation and the nature of destruction of reinforced concrete frames in case of an earthquake". E3S Web of Conferences 410 (2023): 02041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202341002041.
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The article presents the results of a numerical study of the impact of local damage to load-bearing structures on the degradation of natural frequencies and the integrity of the structure during an earthquake. The research was carried out using LS-DYNA software complex, which implemented Continuous Surface Cap Model (CSCM), the nonlinear model of concrete. The design model of a reinforced concrete building is modeled using volume finite elements for concrete, and rod finite elements for reinforcement. A two-storey building with a frame structural diagram was chosen as an object of modelling. Studies have shown a significant (up to 22%) decrease in the frequencies of natural oscillations during an earthquake of 8 points intensity. This suggests that damage appears in the structure and overall stiffness of the building decreases. Attempting to estimate damage using the percentage of failed items shows that structural damage exceeds 7%. Analysis of the results shows that the most intense decrease in the frequencies of natural oscillations occurs during the active phase of the earthquake. When the active phase ends, the frequencies stabilize and stop decreasing. The LS-DYNA software package allows to perform studies of the impact of local damage to load-bearing structures on the dynamic properties during an earthquake when concrete is reinforced with reinforcement bars, and can be used in calculations and design of buildings and structures.
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Fu, Xiu Zhang, i Jian Dong. "Numerical Analysis on the Impact of Windows and Interior Doors on Indoor Airflow of Rural Residence". Applied Mechanics and Materials 548-549 (kwiecień 2014): 1683–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.548-549.1683.
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There are several factors impacting on the indoor airflows, such as building openings, ambient wind speed, occupants’ behavior and so forth. This paper concentrates on the impact of windows and interior doors on airflows in a rural multi-storey residential building. The indoor airflow simulation was carried out by using the CFD software. 3 states of interior doors were set, and 60 regions were arrayed in bedroom to observe the variation of airflows. According to data of regions, the uniformity of airflow and the thermal comfort were analyzed. Simulation results identified that closing interior doors will increase the mean age of indoor air about 7 times as it under the condition of opening doors, which is from 90s to 666s. It also shows that transom windows is beneficial to improve natural ventilation efficiency, as it can raise the average wind velocity by 40% when interior doors are closed.
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Prajapati, Shivam. "“Analysis of Seismic Behaviours of RC Frame Structure With Bracing System and Without Bracing System”". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 6 (30.06.2022): 1614–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.43868.
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Abstract: This work time history analysis is carried out for G+23 storey steel frame building with different pattern of bracing system. The member property of beams 300mm X 400mm and columns 300mm X 500mm and ISLB250 sections are used to compare for same patterns of beam, column and bracings. A software package ETABS SOFTWARE is using for the analysis of steel buildings and different parameters are compared. The property of the section is used as IS 456:2016 and per IS 800:2007 which is analysis for various types of bracings like X, V, inverted V, Eccen Forward, Eccen Back and without bracing and Performance of each frame is carried out and studied the comparatively through Response Spectrum Method as per IS:1893:2016. In this study model a G+23 with Square Shape building Plan 52m X 52m, height of each floor is 3.2m and Structure in Etabs software by Response Spectrum Method and Analysis the Earthquake analysis of the Structure in seismic zones III with soil Medium conditions. Parameter Using:Type of Building: RC buildings with and without Steel Bracing System Number of Floors: G+23 (Square Shape Building)Section Property: Beam size 300X400mm, Column size 300X500mm, and ISLB250 sections. Seismic Zone- III, Soil Site factor 2 for Medium Soil, Damping = 5% (as per table-3 clause 6.4.2), Zone factor for zone III, Z=0.16), Importance Factor I=1.5 (Important structure as per Table-6), Response Reduction Factor R=5 for Special steel moment resisting frame Table-7), Sa/g= Average acceleration coefficient (depend on Natural fundamental period)Grade of concrete is considered M25, Grade of Rebar is considered Fe-415, Grade of Steel –Fe-345,Dead Load for Wall = (3.2-0.4) X 0.23X20= 12.88 KN/m
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Reese, S., W. J. Cousins, W. L. Power, N. G. Palmer, I. G. Tejakusuma i S. Nugrahadi. "Tsunami vulnerability of buildings and people in South Java – field observations after the July 2006 Java tsunami". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 7, nr 5 (15.10.2007): 573–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-7-573-2007.
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Abstract. A team of scientists from New Zealand and Indonesia undertook a reconnaissance mission to the South Java area affected by the tsunami of 17 July 2006. The team used GPS-based surveying equipment to measure ground profiles and inundation depths along 17 transects across affected areas near the port city of Cilacap and the resort town of Pangandaran. The purpose of the work was to acquire data for calibration of models used to estimate tsunami inundations, casualty rates and damage levels. Additional information was gathered from interviews with eyewitnesses. The degree of damage observed was diverse, being primarily dependant on water depth and the building construction type. Water depths were typically 2 to 4 m where housing was seriously damaged. Damage levels ranged from total for older brick houses, to about 50% for newer buildings with rudimentary reinforced-concrete beams and columns, to 5–20% for engineered residential houses and multi-storey hotels with heavier RC columns. "Punchout" of weak brick walls was widespread. Despite various natural warning signs very few people were alerted to the impending tsunami. Hence, the death toll was significant, with average death and injury rates both being about 10% of the people exposed, for water depths of about 3 m.
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Wellun, Z., W. F. Mohammad Yusoff, M. F. Mohamed, K. A. Mat Sulaiman i M. R. Mohammad Rasani. "Field measurement of indoor environment of a room with single-sided sliding glass opening". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2053, nr 1 (1.10.2021): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2053/1/012017.
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Abstract The indoor environment of a room is also affected by the opening type and configuration. The application of an opening in a building is mainly influenced by its aesthetic look rather than its environmental performance. Understanding of an opening’s impact towards the indoor environment is essential. The impact of a single-sided sliding glass opening to the indoor environment of a room discussed using field measurement. A room located in a two-storey detached house was selected. Total of ten days from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m., the sliding glass was slid to one side to allow natural ventilation into the room, hence, a cavity was created in between the two glasses. The results of the study indicated that high heat accumulation was detected at the glass surface area which faced the cavity and the air velocity in the room was found to be lower than the outdoor wind speed. This study provides important findings on the performance of a single-sided sliding glass opening and how it impacts the indoor environment of a room then help the building owner, designer, and people in the built environment industry to further understand the performance of sliding glass openings.
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Oleynik, Pavel, i Yuliya Korchagina. "Organizational and technological sequence of the construction of an innovative type of hinged ventilated facade of a multi-storey building". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 869 (10.07.2020): 072016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/869/7/072016.
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Chen, Y. Q., i M. C. Constantinou. "Use of Teflon sliders in a modification of the concept of soft first storey". Construction and Building Materials 6, nr 2 (styczeń 1992): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0950-0618(92)90058-7.
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