Artykuły w czasopismach: „512/.5”

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Manabe, Keisuke, Yusuke Asami, Tomonari Yamada i Hiroyuki Sugimori. "Improvement in the Convolutional Neural Network for Computed Tomography Images". Applied Sciences 11, nr 4 (7.02.2021): 1505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11041505.

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Background and purpose. This study evaluated a modified specialized convolutional neural network (CNN) to improve the accuracy of medical images. Materials and Methods. We defined computed tomography (CT) images as belonging to one of the following 10 classes: head, neck, chest, abdomen, and pelvis with and without contrast media, with 10,000 images per class. We modified the CNN based on the AlexNet with an input size of 512 × 512. We resized the filter sizes of the convolution layer and max pooling. Using these modified CNNs, various models were created and evaluated. The improved CNN was evaluated to classify the presence or absence of the pancreas in the CT images. We compared the overall accuracy, which was calculated from images not used for training, to that of the ResNet. Results. The overall accuracies of the most improved CNN and ResNet in the 10 classes were 94.8% and 89.3%, respectively. The filter sizes of the improved CNN for the convolution layer were (13, 13), (7, 7), (5, 5), (5, 5), and (5, 5) in order from the first layer, and that of max-pooling was (7, 7). The calculation times of the most improved CNN and ResNet were 56 and 120 min, respectively. Regarding the classification of the pancreas, the overall accuracies of the most improved CNN and ResNet were 75.75% and 58.25%, respectively. The calculation times of the most improved CNN and ResNet were 36 and 55 min, respectively. Conclusion. By optimizing the filter size of the convolution layer and max-pooling of 512 × 512 images, we quickly obtained a highly accurate medical image classification model. This improved CNN can be useful for classifying lesions and anatomies for related diagnostic aid applications.

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Chatzimoschou, Athanasios, Αspasia Katragkou, Maria Simitsopoulou, Charalampos Antachopoulos, Elpiniki Georgiadou, Thomas J. Walsh i Emmanuel Roilides. "Activities of Triazole-Echinocandin Combinations against Candida Species in Biofilms and as Planktonic Cells". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 55, nr 5 (22.02.2011): 1968–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00959-10.

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ABSTRACTBiofilm formation complicates the treatment of various infections caused byCandidaspecies. We investigated the effects of simultaneous or sequential combinations of two triazoles, voriconazole (VRC) and posaconazole (PSC), with two echinocandins, anidulafungin (AND) and caspofungin (CAS), againstCandida albicansandCandida parapsilosisbiofilms in comparison to their planktonic counterparts. Antifungal activity was assessed by the 2,3-bis[2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl]2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) metabolic assay. Antifungal-agent interactions were analyzed by the Bliss independence model in the simultaneous-treatment studies and by analysis of variance (ANOVA) in the sequential-treatment studies. AgainstC. albicansplanktonic cells, the simultaneous combination of PSC (32 to 128 mg/liter) and CAS (0.008 to 0.25 mg/liter) was synergistic; the combinations of PSC (128 to 1,024 mg/liter) with AND (0.03 to 0.5 mg/liter) and VRC (32 to 512 mg/liter) with AND (0.008 to 0.03 mg/liter) were antagonistic. AgainstC. parapsilosisplanktonic cells, the interaction between VRC (32 to 1,024 mg/liter) and CAS (1 to 16 mg/liter) was antagonistic. All simultaneous antifungal combinations demonstrated indifferent interactions against biofilms of bothCandidaspecies. Damage to biofilms of both species increased (P< 0.01) in the presence of subinhibitory concentrations of echinocandins (0.008 to 0.064 mg/liter), followed by the addition of PSC (512 mg/liter forC. albicansand 64 to 512 mg/liter forC. parapsilosis) or VRC (256 to 512 mg/liter forC. albicansand 512 mg/liter forC. parapsilosis). Triazole-echinocandin combinations do not appear to produce antagonistic effects againstCandidasp. biofilms, while various significant interactions occur with their planktonic counterparts.

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Graul, Isabel, Ivan Marintschev, Sascha Rausch, Niklas Eckart, Gunther O. Hofmann i Florian Gras. "Effect of different multiplanar reformation algorithms on image quality of intraoperative three-dimensional fluoroscopy". Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 44, nr 7 (23.05.2019): 738–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753193419848963.

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Different multiplanar reformation (MPR-512 and -256) algorithms of intraoperative acquired 3-D-fluoroscopy data exist without recommendations for use in the literature. To compare algorithms, 3-D-fluoroscopic data sets of 46 radius fractures were blinded and processed using MPR-256 and -512 (Ziehm, Vision-Vario 3D). Each reformatted data set was analysed to evaluate image quality, fracture reduction quality and screw misplacements. Overall image quality was higher rated in the MPR-512 compared with the MPR-256 (3.2 vs. 2.2 points, scale 1–5 points), accompanied by a reduced number of scans that could not be analysed (10 vs. 19%). Interobserver evaluation of fracture reduction quality was fair to moderate (independent of the algorithm). In contrast, for screw misplacements MPR-depended ratings were found (MPR-256: fair to moderate; MPR-512: moderate to substantial). Optimization of post-processing algorithms, rather than modifications of image acquisition, may increase the image quality for assessing implant positioning, but limitations in evaluating fracture reduction quality still exist.

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Martínez-Tibbles, Rebeca. "David Manzano. El Imperio español en Oceanía". Sillares. Revista de Estudios Históricos 3, nr 5 (11.07.2023): 336–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.29105/sillares3.5-80.

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Stihler, Daniel, i Nicolae Iorga. "Rezension von: Iorga, Nicolae, Geschichte des Osmanischen Reichs". Württembergisch Franken 82 (16.06.2023): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.53458/wfr.v82i.6605.

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Nicolae Jorga, Geschichte des Osmanischen Reichs. Nach den Quellen dargestellt [Unverändert. Neuausg. der Ausg. Gotha (Perthes) 1908-1913], Darmstadt (Primus Verl.) 1997. 5 Bde., 486,453,479, 512 u. 633 S.

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Theil, Bernhard, i Dieter Langewiesche. "Rezension von: Langewiesche, Dieter, Der gewaltsame Lehrer". Zeitschrift für Württembergische Landesgeschichte 79 (22.06.2022): 482. http://dx.doi.org/10.53458/zwlg.v79i.2582.

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Daniels, Mikayla. "Women Make Horror: Filmmaking, Feminism, Genre, Alison Peirse (ed.) (2020)". Journal of Screenwriting 12, nr 3 (1.09.2021): 389–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/josc_00074_5.

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Review of: Women Make Horror: Filmmaking, Feminism, Genre, Alison Peirse (ed.) (2020)Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, 270 pp.,ISBN 978-1-97880-512-5, h/bk, $120.00ISBN 978-1-97880-511-8, p/bk, $29.95

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El-Meligy, Nada E., Tamer O. Diab, Ashraf S. Mohra, Ashraf Y. Hassan i Wageda I. El-Sobky. "A Novel Dynamic Mathematical Model Applied in Hash Function Based on DNA Algorithm and Chaotic Maps". Mathematics 10, nr 8 (17.04.2022): 1333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10081333.

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This paper aims to improve SHA-512 security without increasing complexity; therefore, we focused on hash functions depending on DNA sequences and chaotic maps. After analysis of 45 various chaotic map types, only 5 types are selected in this proposal—namely, improved logistic, cosine logistic map, logistic sine system, tent sine system, and hybrid. Using DNA features and binary coding technology with complementary rules to hide information is a key challenge. This article proposes improving SHA-512 in two aspects: the modification of original hash buffer values, and the modification of additive constants Kt. This proposal is to make hash buffer values (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, and h) and Kt dependent on one-dimensional discrete chaotic maps and DNA sequences instead of constant. This modification complicates the relationship between the original message and hash value, making it unexpected. The performance of the proposed hash function is tested and analyzed the confusion, diffusion, and distributive and compared with the original SHA-512. The performance of security is analyzed by collision analysis, for which the maximum number of hits is only three, showing that the proposed hash function enhances the security and robustness of SHA-512. The statistical data and experimental analysis indicate that the proposed scheme has good properties and satisfies high-performance requirements for secure hash functions.

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Cuya Gavilano, Lorena. "Peruvian Cinema of the Twenty-First Century: Dynamic and Unstable Grounds, Cynthia Vich and Sarah Barrow (eds) (2021)". Studies in Spanish & Latin-American Cinemas 19, nr 1 (1.03.2022): 125–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/slac_00074_5.

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Review of: Peruvian Cinema of the Twenty-First Century: Dynamic and Unstable Grounds, Cynthia Vich and Sarah Barrow (eds) (2021)Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 356 pp.,ISBN 978-3-03052-511-8, h/bk,ISBN 978-3-03052-512-5, e-book, $50.00

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Setzler, Wilfried, Götz Adriani i Andreas Schmauder. "Rezension von: Adriani, Götz; Schmauder, Andreas (Hrsg.), 1514 Macht Gewalt Freiheit". Schwäbische Heimat 65, nr 4 (11.03.2022): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.53458/sh.v65i4.2126.

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Götz Adriani und Andreas Schmauder (Hrsg.): 1514 Macht Gewalt Freiheit. Der Vertrag zu Tübingen in Zeiten des Umbruchs. Stiftung Kunsthalle Tübingen und Jan Thorbecke Verlag Ostfildern 2014. 512 Seiten mit 360 Farbabbildungen. Hardcover mit Schutzumschlag € 39,95. ISBN 978-3-7995-0550-5

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Du, Xiancun, Jianhong Zhao i Shuangqing Lv. "A Study on Positive Integer Points of Elliptic Curve y ² = 7mx(x ² + 512)". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2660, nr 1 (1.12.2023): 012034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2660/1/012034.

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Abstract By using elementary methods such as the properties of congruence and Legendre symbols, it is proved that the elliptic curve y 2 = 7mx(x 2 + 512) has at most 1 positive integer point when q ≡ 5(mod8) is an odd prime number.

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Ranjan, Rajiv, i Prabhat Kumar. "An Improved Image Compression Algorithm Using 2D DWT and PCA with Canonical Huffman Encoding". Entropy 25, nr 10 (25.09.2023): 1382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25101382.

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Of late, image compression has become crucial due to the rising need for faster encoding and decoding. To achieve this objective, the present study proposes the use of canonical Huffman coding (CHC) as an entropy coder, which entails a lower decoding time compared to binary Huffman codes. For image compression, discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and CHC with principal component analysis (PCA) were combined. The lossy method was introduced by using PCA, followed by DWT and CHC to enhance compression efficiency. By using DWT and CHC instead of PCA alone, the reconstructed images have a better peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). In this study, we also developed a hybrid compression model combining the advantages of DWT, CHC and PCA. With the increasing use of image data, better image compression techniques are necessary for the efficient use of storage space. The proposed technique achieved up to 60% compression while maintaining high visual quality. This method also outperformed the currently available techniques in terms of both PSNR (in dB) and bit-per-pixel (bpp) scores. This approach was tested on various color images, including Peppers 512 × 512 × 3 and Couple 256 × 256 × 3, showing improvements by 17 dB and 22 dB, respectively, while reducing the bpp by 0.56 and 0.10, respectively. For grayscale images as well, i.e., Lena 512 × 512 and Boat 256 × 256, the proposed method showed improvements by 5 dB and 8 dB, respectively, with a decrease of 0.02 bpp in both cases.

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Resende, Geraldo M. de, i Nivaldo Duarte Costa. "Produtividade de cultivares de tomate industrial no Vale do São Francisco". Horticultura Brasileira 18, nr 2 (lipiec 2000): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-05362000000200010.

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Com o objetivo de selecionar cultivares de tomate industrial mais produtivas e com melhor qualidade, instalou-se dois ensaios em latossolo no Campo Experimental de Bebedouro em Petrolina-PE, no período de maio a outubro de 1996 e 1997. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições e dezoito cultivares (IPA-5, XPH-5720, XPH-12066, XPH-12045, XPH-12068, XPH-12044, Spectrum-151, Spectrum-153, Spectrum-385, Nema-512, Nema-1435, Hypeel-153, Hypeel-108, PSP-58494, PSP-22210, Latino, Zenith e Condor). A produtividade comercial variou de 70,85 a 96,68 t/ha, destacando-se as cultivares IPA-5, XPH-5720, Spectrum-151, Nema-512, XPH-12044, Spectrum-385, Hypeel-153 e XPH-12066, com rendimentos acima de 86,0 t/ha, sendo o menor desempenho apresentado pela cultivar Spectrum-579 com 70,85 t/ha. Quando se ajustou a produtividade em função do ºBrix, verificou-se resultados similares aos anteriores, incluindo-se as cultivares Zenith e XPH-12045, entre as cultivares mais produtivas. O peso médio de frutos oscilou entre 78,75 e 110,96 g, com especial destaque para as cultivares Nema-1435 (110,96 g/fruto) e Hypeel-108 (101,54 g/fruto). Para o ºBrix, observou-se uma oscilação de 4,3º a 6,0º, onde todas as cultivares híbridas superaram a cultivar de polinização aberta IPA-5, que apresentou o mais baixo ºBrix (4,3), tendo os híbridos 'PSP-22210' (6,0º) e 'Zenith' (5,8º) se destacado dos demais. Os resultados obtidos em termos de produtividade e qualidade de frutos permitem indicar como orientação geral para uso dos produtores as cultivares XPH-5720, Spectrum-151, Nema-512, XPH-12044, Spectrum-385, Hypeel-153, XPH-12066, XPH-12045 e Zenith, além da cultivar tradicionalmente plantada (IPA-5).

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Babu, Medapati Rajesh, Ramakrishna Nirogi, Renny Abraham, Pradeep Jayarajan, Vishwottam Kandikere, Nageswara Rao Muddana, Vijay Benade i in. "P4-305: SUVN-512: A novel 5-HT6 receptor antagonist with drug-like properties". Alzheimer's & Dementia 9 (lipiec 2013): P816. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2013.05.1750.

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Hassan, Mohamed, Manwinder Singh, Khalid Hamid, Rashid Saeed, Maha Abdelhaq i Raed Alsaqour. "Design of Power Location Coefficient System for 6G Downlink Cooperative NOMA Network". Energies 15, nr 19 (23.09.2022): 6996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15196996.

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Cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a technology that addresses many challenges in future wireless generation networks by delivering a large amount of connectivity and huge system capacity. The aim of this paper is to design the varied distances and power location coefficients for far users. In addition, this paper aims to evaluate the outage probability (OP) performance against a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for a 6G downlink (DL) NOMA power domain (PD) and DL cooperative NOMA PD networks. We combine a DL cooperative NOMA with a 16 × 16, a 32 × 23, and a 64 × 64 multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and a 128 × 128, a 256 × 256, and a 512 × 512 massive MIMO in an innovative method to enhance OP performance rate and mitigate the power location coefficient’s effect for remote users. The results were obtained from Rayleigh fading channels using the MATLAB simulation software program. According to the outcomes, increasing the power location coefficients for the far user from 0.6 to 0.8 reduces the OP rate because increasing the power location coefficient for the far user decreases the power location coefficient for the near user, which results in less interference between them. In terms of the OP performance rate, the DL cooperative NOMA outperforms the NOMA. According to the findings, the DL cooperative NOMA OP rate outperforms the DL NOMA by a rate of 10−0.5. Whereas the 16 × 16 MIMO enhances the OP for the far user by 78.0 × 10−4, the 32 × 32 MIMO increases the OP for the far user by 19.0 × 10−4, and the 64 × 64 MIMO decreases the OP rate for the far user by 5.0 × 10−5. At a SNR of 10 dB, the 128 × 128 massive MIMO improves the OP for the far user by 1.0 × 10−5. The 256 × 256 massive MIMO decreases the OP for the far user by 43.0 × 10−5, and the 512 × 512 massive MIMO enhances the OP for the far user by 8.0 × 10−6. The MIMO techniques improve the OP performance, while the massive MIMO technology enhances the OP performance dramatically.

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Rayner, John, Alan Tokunaga, Daniel Jaffe, Timothy Bond, Morgan Bonnet, Gregory Ching, Michael Connelley i in. "iSHELL: a 1–5 micron R = 80,000 Immersion Grating Spectrograph for the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 134, nr 1031 (1.01.2022): 015002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/ac3cb4.

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Abstract iSHELL is a 1.06–5.3 μm high spectral resolution spectrograph built for the 3.2 m NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF) on Maunakea, Hawaii. Dispersion is accomplished with a silicon immersion grating in order to keep the instrument small enough to be mounted at the Cassegrain focus of the telescope. The white pupil spectrograph produces resolving powers of up to about R ≡ λ/δλ = 80,000 (0.″375 slit). Cross-dispersing gratings mounted in a tiltable mechanism allow observers to select different wavelength ranges and, in combination with a slit wheel and Dekker mechanism, slit widths ranging from 0.″375 to 4.″0 and slit lengths ranging from 5″ to 25″. One Teledyne 2048 × 2048 HAWAII-2RG array is used in the spectrograph, and one Raytheon 512 × 512 Aladdin 2 array is used in a 1–5 μm slit viewer for object acquisition, guiding, and scientific imaging. iSHELL has been in productive regular use on IRTF since first light in 2016 September. In this paper we discuss details of the science case, design, construction and astronomical use of iSHELL.

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Yan, Jianying, Jie Dong, Xiaoqian Lin, Lichun Chen, Zhuanji Fang, Qing Han, Qinjian Zhang, Lingling Jiang, Xia Xu i Xu Lin. "Differential expression of markers of oxidative stress and apoptosis in relation to serum ferritin levels in patients with pre-eclampsia". BioMedica 37, nr 3 (9.11.2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.51441/biomedica/5-512.

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Background and Objective: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive gestational disease appearing during second trimester of pregnancy. Free radicals are released by the placenta in this condition that may cause oxidative damage. This study was designed to determine the serum ferritin (SF) levels in maternal blood, fetal umbilical cord blood and placenta and the changes associated with oxidative stress as well as cell apoptosis to understand the pathogenesis of PE. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study recruited 60 pregnant females with severe PE and assigned into early and late onset PE groups. Another n = 60 cases of normal pregnant females with similar gestational weeks were selected in the control group. Maternal serum and fetal umbilical cord blood ferritin levels were determined by automatic biochemical immunoassay system. Reverse transcription real-time fluorescence, Western blot and colorimetry were used to determine mRNA expression levels of ferritin and ferritin heavy chain, relative expression of ferritin and superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels, respectively. Results: Mean age was 30.89 ± 5.65 and 31.79 ± 5.06 years in early and late onset PE groups respectively. Serum uric acid and creatinine levels of both PE groups were significantly higher than the normal pregnant females. SF levels were also higher in the participants of PE groups. However, the mRNA and ferritin protein levels in placental tissue were significantly lower in PE groups while comparing to controls. The cleaved caspase-3 protein, GSH-Px and MDA levels were significantly higher in both PE groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The alterations in factors related to oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in placental tissue may be helpful to understand the pathogenesis of PE and may provide potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of PE.

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Bentley, J., K. C. Walter i N. D. Evans. "Bonding in Ion-Implanted Diamond-Like Carbon Films Characterized by TEM Spectrum Lines and Energy-Filtered Imaging". Microscopy and Microanalysis 6, S2 (sierpień 2000): 154–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600033262.

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Many of the electrical, mechanical, and electrochemical properties of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings are determined by the amount of sp3 bonding. Correlations of bonding and properties are important in efforts to optimize coatings for specific applications. DLC thin films were grown at LANL by plasma deposition and subsequently ion implanted with N or Ar. Cross-sectioned TEM specimens were characterized with a Gatan imaging filter (GIF) interfaced to a LaB6 Philips CM30T at the ORNL SHaRE User Facility. For elemental distribution maps the following conditions were used: incident beam divergence α = 2.9 mrad, collection angle β = 4.8 mrad, slit width ΔE = 30 eV, exposure times of typically 5 s, 2x-binned 512×512 images, and TEM magnification ∼2000. The standard 3-window method was used for producing elemental maps with AE-r background extrapolation; 2-window jump-ratio images were also produced.

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Lipscomb, Barney. "Tropical Plants of Costa Rica: A Guide to Native and Exotic Flora. Second Edition". Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 16, nr 1 (15.07.2022): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17348/jbrit.v16.i1.1245.

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Willow Zuchowski. 2022. Tropical Plants of Costa Rica: A Guide to Native and Exotic Flora. Second Edition. (ISBN-13: 978-1-5017-6307-6, pbk). Zona Tropical, Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State St., Ithaca, New York 14850, U.S.A. (Orders: cornellpress.cornell.edu). $34.95 US, 543 pp., 820 color photographs, 120 b/w illustrations, references, index, 5" × 8".

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Holland, Robert E., David J. Bezek, David J. Sprecher, Jon S. Patterson, Barbara A. Steficek i Allan L. Trapp. "Investigation of an epizootic of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in calves". Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 202, nr 11 (1.06.1993): 1849–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.1993.202.11.1849.

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Summary: Eight of 19 calves born to bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv)-negative and -immunocompetent dams were determined to be infected with a noncytopathic strain of bvdv. Six of the 8 calves had diarrhea and 2 had no clinical signs of disease. In 3 euthanatized calves, lesions consistent with mucosal disease were found throughout the gastrointestinal tract, and the virus was isolated from the spleen, lymph nodes, and small intestine. In 5 calves, bvdv was isolated from mononuclear cells in blood samples obtained 21 days apart, indicating persistent infection. The virus was not isolated from sera obtained from 2 calves, with chronic nonclinical infections, that had neutralizing antibody titers ≥ 1:512 against bovine viral diarrhea-Singer virus and titers ≥ 1:256 against the persistent bvdv. Twenty-one days after vaccination with a vaccine that contained inactivated noncytopathic and cytopathic biotypes of bvdv, 4 of 5 persistently infected calves had neutralizing antibody titers ≤ 1:4 against the bovine viral diarrhea-Singer virus and their persistent virus. Prior to vaccination, 2 of 11 virus-negative calves had neutralizing antibody titers ≤ 1:128 against the bovine viral diarrhea-Singer virus, and after vaccination, only 1 virus-negative calf had a titer ≤ 1:512. At 149 days after revaccination and prior to weaning, 4 virus-negative calves had neutralizing antibody titers ≤ 1:512 (range, 1:16 to 1:384). Under the specific conditions in this herd, we were not able to detect a beneficial effect of vaccination. Colostral origin bvdv-specific antibody, capable of neutralizing the persistently infective bvdv strain, most likely interfered with isolation of the virus from the sera of 2 persistently infected calves.

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Venkataraman, Abinaya Priya, Josefine Andersson, Lina Fivelsdal, Maria Nilsson i Alberto Domínguez-Vicent. "Impact of optical coherence tomography scan direction on the reliability of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer measurements". PLOS ONE 16, nr 2 (22.02.2021): e0247670. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247670.

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Purpose To evaluate the intradevice repeatability and agreement for peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) measurements in healthy eyes with two different scan directions and two different number of B scans. Methods pRNFL was measured with a spectral domain optical coherence tomography on 54 healthy participants. Three-dimensional optic disc scans (6 mm x 6 mm) were performed on the right eye of the participants. Two repeated scans were performed in four different settings: H1: Horizontal scan with 512 A-scans x 96 B-scans; H2: Horizontal scan with 512 A-scans x 128 B-scans; V1: Vertical scan with 512 A-scans x 96 B-scans; V2: Vertical scan with 512 A-scans x 128 B-scans. The pRNFL thickness was evaluated in twelve clock-hour sector in a circle of 3.45 mm diameter centred at the optic disc. Repeatability and agreement were assessed with within subject standard deviation (Sw) and Bland-Altman test respectively. Results The repeatability of pRNFL measurements varied depending on the scan direction and sectors. The repeatability for the horizontal sectors were better with H1 and H2, with sector 9 having the best Sw (< 3 μm). The repeatability for the vertical sectors were better with V1 and V2 with sector 5 and 9 having the best Sw (< 4 μm). The repeatability with vertical scan was more symmetric among the sectors than with horizontal scans. The repeatability metrics of the sectors did not vary much between H1 and H2 (difference < 2 μm) and between V1 and V2 (difference < 3.2 μm). Comparing horizontal and vertical scans, the vertical sectors had larger limits of agreement of about 45 μm. Conclusion The reliability of the pRNFL thickness measurements is dependent on the direction of the scan and independent on the numbers of B-scans. Vertical scans for pRNFL gives more homogeneous repeatability across the different sectors.

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Mikkola, Kauri. "Review: Die Schmetterlinge Baden-Württembergs". Entomologica Fennica 11, nr 1 (1.01.2000): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33338/ef.84046.

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Ebert, Günter (ed.) 1997, 1997 & 1998: Die Schmetterlinge Baden-Württembergs. Bände 5-7. Sesiidae, Arctiidae, Noctuidae. 575 + 622 + 582 pp., 400 + 512 + 483 colour photographs, 360 + 433 + 329 diagrams and drawings, and 133 + 187 + 170 distribution maps. Verlag Eugen Ulmer. Stuttgart. ISBN 3-8001-3481-0, 3-8001-3482-9, 3-8001-3500-0. Price: Ca. FIM 480,-/part.

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Gebremichael, Mekonnen, i Witold F. Krajewski. "Effect of Temporal Sampling on Inferred Rainfall Spatial Statistics". Journal of Applied Meteorology 44, nr 10 (1.10.2005): 1626–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jam2283.1.

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Abstract On the basis of temporally sampled data obtained from satellites, spatial statistics of rainfall can be estimated. In this paper, the authors compare the estimated spatial statistics with their “true” or ensemble values calculated using 5 yr of 15-min radar-based rainfall data at a spatial domain of 512 km × 512 km in the central United States. The authors conducted a Monte Carlo sampling experiment to simulate different sampling scenarios for variable sampling intervals and rainfall averaging periods. The spatial statistics used are the moments of spatial distribution of rainfall, the spatial scaling exponents, and the spatial cross correlations between the sample and ensemble rainfall fields. The results demonstrated that the expected value of the relative error in the mean rain-rate estimate is zero for rainfall averaged over 5 days or longer, better temporal sampling produces average fields that are “less noisy” spatially, an increase in the sampling interval causes the sampled rainfall to be increasingly less correlated with the true rainfall map, and the spatial scaling exponent estimators could give a bias of 40% or less. The results of this study provide a basis for understanding the impact of temporal statistics on inferred spatial statistics.

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Peralta-Martínez, M. Á., S. R. García, M. E. Kjelland i H. González-Márquez. "146 Effect of pH on Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Sperm Motility Using Five Extender Solutions". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 30, nr 1 (2018): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv30n1ab146.

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Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) sperm extender protocols can differ considerably with regards to composition of the extenders and handling. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of pH for 5 extenders on rainbow trout sperm motility and activation during storage at 5°C. Two-year-old sexually mature rainbow trout males (n = 46) weighing 1.5 to 2.5 kg were caught at Aquaculture Farm Tatakay in Jilotzingo, Estado de México, México. One semen sample per male was collected by abdominal massage. For the experiments, 100 mL of each extender (306, 512, Mounibs, Erdahl and Graham, and Hanks’ Balanced Salt Solution) was made, with pH adjusted to 6 levels (7.0, 7.2, 7.4, 7.8, 8.0, and 8.2). To evaluate pH dynamics in each extender, pH was tested daily over an 8-day storage interval. Trout sperm was added to each of the extenders in a ratio of 1:1 and motility recorded. Afterwards, each activator solution [DIA 532, saline solution (0.85%) and pond water] was added separately to a sample of the extended sperm, to initiate sperm activation. Motility was evaluated subjectively at 400× and monitored until ~99% of the sperm stopped moving (on average, in 40 s). A one-way ANOVA was used and statistical differences were set at α < 0.05. Extender 512 activated sperm motility when pH was >7.4, whereas extender 306 activated motility at every pH. Hanks’ Balanced Salt Solution activated motility at very low percentages for various pH levels, whereas Mounibs and Erdahal and Graham solutions did not activate motility for any pH tested. The 512 extender with a pH of 7 performed best (P < 0.05) as a storage solution, producing a sperm motility of 54% after activation using DIA 532. These results demonstrated the importance of evaluating effects of sperm extender pH over both short- and medium-term storage.

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Carmassi, Claudia, Carlo Antonio Bertelloni, Gabriele Massimetti, Mario Miniati, Paolo Stratta, Alessandro Rossi i Liliana Dell׳Osso. "Impact of DSM-5 PTSD and gender on impaired eating behaviors in 512 Italian earthquake survivors". Psychiatry Research 225, nr 1-2 (styczeń 2015): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2014.10.008.

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Kladov, D. Yu, A. O. Chulkov, V. P. Vavilov, V. I. Stasevskiy i V. A. Yurkina. "Efficiency of using different types of infrared imagers in active thermal nondestructive testing of delaminations in non-metals". Дефектоскопия, nr 7 (15.07.2023): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0130308223070035.

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Six types of infrared imagers characterized by different technical performance (arrays from 160×120 to 640×512 and temperature sensitivity from 25 до 110 mK) and cost were used in active thermal nondestructive testing of delaminations with size from от 5×5 to 45×45 mm located at the depth of 3,1 mm in a reference sample made of polymethylmetacrilat. The efficiency of TNDT was evaluated by 9 thermographers to demonstrate that reasonable inspection results can be achieved by using IR imagers and modules of an economic cost segment.

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Ma, Guolin, Rongjie Bai, Huijie Jiang, Xuejia Hao, Zaisheng Ling i Kefeng Li. "Assessment of Hemodynamics in a Rat Model of Liver Cirrhosis with Precancerous Lesions Using Multislice Spiral CT Perfusion Imaging". BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/813174.

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Rationale and Objectives. To develop an optimal scanning protocol for multislice spiral CT perfusion (CTP) imaging to evaluate hemodynamic changes in liver cirrhosis with diethylnitrosamine- (DEN-) induced precancerous lesions.Materials and Methods. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group (n=80) and the precancerous liver cirrhosis group (n=40). The control group received saline injection and the liver cirrhosis group received 50 mg/kg DENi.p.twice a week for 12 weeks. All animals underwent plain CT scanning, CTP, and contrast-enhanced CT scanning. Scanning parameters were optimized by adjusting the diatrizoate concentration, the flow rate, and the delivery time. The hemodynamics of both groups was further compared using optimized multislice spiral CTP imaging.Results. High-quality CTP images were obtained with following parameters: 150 kV; 150 mAs; 5 mm thickness, 5 mm interval; pitch, 1; matrix,512×512; and FOV, 9.6 cm. Compared to the control group, the liver cirrhosis group had a significantly increased value of the hepatic arterial fraction and the hepatic artery perfusion (P<0.05) but significantly decreased hepatic portal perfusion and mean transit time (P<0.05).Conclusion. Multislice spiral CTP imaging can be used to evaluate the hemodynamic changes in the rat model of liver cirrhosis with precancerous lesions.

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Farkas, Martin, Benedikt Bergmann, Pavel Broulim, Petr Burian, Giovanni Ambrosi, Philipp Azzarello, Lukáš Pušman i in. "Characterization of a Large Area Hybrid Pixel Detector of Timepix3 Technology for Space Applications". Instruments 8, nr 1 (14.02.2024): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/instruments8010011.

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We present the characterization of a highly segmented “large area” hybrid pixel detector (Timepix3, 512 × 512 pixels, pixel pitch 55 µm) for application in space experiments. We demonstrate that the nominal power consumption of 6 W can be reduced by changing the settings of the Timepix3 analog front-end and reducing the matrix clock frequency (from the nominal 40 MHz to 5 MHz) to 2 W (in the best case). We then present a comprehensive study of the impact of these changes on the particle tracking performance, the energy resolution and time stamping precision by utilizing data measured at the Super-Proton-Synchrotron (SPS) at CERN and at the Danish Center for Particle Therapy (DCPT). While the impact of the slower sampling frequency on energy measurement can be mitigated by prolongation of the falling edge of the analog signal, we find a reduction of the time resolution from 1.8 ns (in standard settings) to 5.6 ns (in analog low-power), which is further reduced utilizing a lower sampling clock (e.g., 5 MHz, in digital low-power operation) to 73.5 ns. We have studied the temperature dependence of the energy measurement for ambient temperatures between −20 ∘ and 50 ∘C separately for the different settings.

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Medina, Lisvaneth, Jesús Alejandro Guerrero-Muñoz, Ana Isabel Liempi, Christian Castillo, Yessica Ortega, Alfredo Sepúlveda, Fernando Salomó, Juan Diego Maya i Ulrike Kemmerling. "Ex Vivo Infection of Human Placental Explants by Trypanosoma cruzi Reveals a microRNA Profile Similar to That Seen in Trophoblast Differentiation". Pathogens 11, nr 3 (16.03.2022): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11030361.

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Congenital Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is responsible for 22.5% of new cases each year. However, placental transmission occurs in only 5% of infected mothers and it has been proposed that the epithelial turnover of the trophoblast can be considered a local placental defense against the parasite. Thus, Trypanosoma cruzi induces cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptotic cell death in the trophoblast, which are regulated, among other mechanisms, by small non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs. On the other hand, ex vivo infection of human placental explants induces a specific microRNA profile that includes microRNAs related to trophoblast differentiation such as miR-512-3p miR-515-5p, codified at the chromosome 19 microRNA cluster. Here we determined the expression validated target genes of miR-512-3p and miR-515-5p, specifically human glial cells missing 1 transcription factor and cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein, as well as the expression of the main trophoblast differentiation marker human chorionic gonadotrophin during ex vivo infection of human placental explants, and examined how the inhibition or overexpression of both microRNAs affects parasite infection. We conclude that Trypanosoma cruzi-induced trophoblast epithelial turnover, particularly trophoblast differentiation, is at least partially mediated by placenta-specific miR-512-3p and miR-515-5p and that both miRNAs mediate placental susceptibility to ex vivo infection of human placental explants. Knowledge about the role of parasite-modulated microRNAs in the placenta might enable their use as biomarkers, as prognostic and therapeutic tools for congenital Chagas disease in the future.

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Sakharova, E. B. "Journey in time. Review of the book “Japan. Chasing the Wind of Centuries” by Alexander N. Mescheryakov". Japanese Studies in Russia, nr 4 (5.01.2023): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.55105/2500-2872-2022-4-123-129.

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The article reviews the book by Alexander Mescheryakov “Japan. Chasing the Wind of centuries” (Moscow: Lingvistika, 2022, 512 p. ISBN 978-5-91922-098-5). The monograph is a collection of the author’s recent articles. The range of topics and the chronological coverage are extraordinarily wide, with many phenomena of Japanese history and culture considered throughout centuries and portrayed in enormous diversity and variability. At the same time, the fates of individual people are not lost in the context of large-scale historical and cultural changes, and the author carefully brings us their voices. This makes the book a real journey in time.

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TANRIVERDİ ÇAYCI, Yeliz, İlknur BIYIK, Gonca YILMAZ, Kemal BİLGİN i Asuman BİRİNCİ. "Investigation of in vitro activity of colistin and tygecyclin against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates". Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 38, nr 4 (30.08.2021): 529–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.52142/omujecm.38.4.24.

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Stenotrophomonas maltophilia has emerged as an important opportunistic pathogen, causing infections whose management is often problematic due to its inherent resistance to many antibiotics. In this study, we aimed to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility of colistin and tygecyclin as an alternative treatment options for S. maltophilia infections. A total of 122 S. maltophilia isolates were tested. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of colistin and tygecycline were determined by broth microdilution method. Susceptibility of TMP/SMX and levofloxacin (LVX) were determined by disc diffusion method and MIC value of ceftazidime (CAZ) was determined by using E-test. Out of 122 S. maltophilia isolates, 5 (4%) of them were resistant to TMP-SXM. MIC range was 0.125- >512 μg/ml and MIC50 64 μg/ml, MIC90 512 μg/ml for colistin. MIC range for tygecyclin was detected as 0.5- >8, MIC50 2 μg/ml and MIC90 8 μg/ml. Tygecyclin resistance was detected as 66.4% according to the EUCAST guideline and 13.1% according to the USA-FDA breakpoints. And colistin resistance was determined as 86.9% according to both guidelines.

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Leidner, J., F. Murtas i M. Silari. "Energy calibration of the GEMPix in the energy range of 6 keV to 2 MeV". Journal of Instrumentation 16, nr 10 (1.10.2021): P10004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/16/10/p10004.

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Abstract The GEMPix is a small gaseous detector with a highly pixelated readout, consisting of a drift region, three Gas Electron Multipliers (GEMs) for signal amplification, and four Timepix ASICs with 55 μm pixel pitch and a total of 262,144 pixels (512×512 pixels). A continuous flow of a gas mixture (here propane-based tissue equivalent gas) is supplied externally at a rate of 5 L/h. By placing a sealed 241Am source outside of the detector and varying the source-detector distance, the residual energy of alpha particles entering the sensitive volume of the GEMPix through a thin Mylar window is varied. An alpha spectrometry measurement was performed to determine the emission spectrum of the source, and this spectrum was then used as an input to a FLUKA Monte Carlo simulation to obtain the residual energy of the alpha particles. Thus, a calibration curve from 5.9 keV (from an 55Fe source) up to more than 2 MeV was obtained, which is needed for future applications of the detector, in particular for microdosimetry.

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Nestor, Tsafack, Nkapkop De Dieu, Kengne Jacques, Effa Yves, Abdullah Iliyasu i Ahmed Abd El-Latif. "A Multidimensional Hyperjerk Oscillator: Dynamics Analysis, Analogue and Embedded Systems Implementation, and Its Application as a Cryptosystem". Sensors 20, nr 1 (21.12.2019): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20010083.

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A lightweight image encryption algorithm is presented based on chaos induction via a 5-dimensional hyperjerk oscillator (5DHO) network. First, the dynamics of our 5DHO network is investigated and shown to exhibit up to five coexisting hidden attractors in the state space that depend exclusively on the system’s initial values. Further, a simple implementation of the circuit was used to validate its ability to exhibit chaotic dynamical properties. Second, an Arduino UNO platform is used to confirm the usability of our oscillator in embedded system implementation. Finally, an efficient image encryption application is executed using the proposed chaotic networks based on the use of permutation-substitution sequences. The superior qualities of the proposed strategy are traced to the dynamic set of keys used in the substitution process which heralds the generation of the final ciphered image. Based on the average results obtained from the entropy analysis (7.9976), NPCR values (99.62), UACI tests (33.69) and encryption execution time for 512 × 512 images (0.1141 s), the proposed algorithm is adjudged to be fast and robust to differential and statistical attacks relative to similar approaches.

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Hell, Michaela M., Bettine Steinmann, Tassilo Scherkamp, Martin B. Arnold, Stephan Achenbach i Mohamed Marwan. "Analysis of left ventricular function, left ventricular outflow tract and aortic valve area using computed tomography: Influence of reconstruction parameters on measurement accuracy". British Journal of Radiology 94, nr 1124 (1.08.2021): 20201306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20201306.

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Objectives: Computed tomography (CT) allows reproducible assessment of left ventricular (LV) function, left ventricular outflow tract area (LVOTarea) and aortic valve area (AVA). We evaluated the influence of image reconstruction parameters on these measurements. Methods: We analyzed 45 contrast-enhanced, retrospectively ECG-gated CT datasets acquired on a third-generation dual source system. A standard filtered-back-projection data set (20 cardiac phases (5% steps, 0–95%), 0.6-mm-slice thickness, 512 × 512 matrix) and eight reconstructions with modified slice thickness (1–8 mm), number of cardiac phases (5, 10), matrix size (256×256) and an iterative reconstruction (IR) algorithm were obtained. LV parameters (ejection fraction (EF), stroke volume (SV), end-diastolic (EDV), end-systolic volumes (ESV)), LVOTarea and AVA were assessed. Results: Differences in LV parameters, LVOTarea and AVA, were only minimal between standard reconstructions and those with modified matrix size, IR algorithm and ≤2 mm slice thickness, while reconstructions with 8-mm slice thickness significantly overestimated SV (p < 0.001) and EDV (p = 0.016). AVA planimetry in reconstructions with ≥5 mm slice thickness was not feasible in 56% of patients. A decrease in the number of reconstructed phases (10 or 5) underestimated EF, SV, EDV, LVOTarea and AVA and overestimated ESV. Conclusions: Modifications of reconstruction parameters (except a slice thickness ≤2 mm) have only a marginal effect on LV, LVOTarea and AVA assessment. However, a reduced number of reconstructions per cardiac cycle may significantly influence measurements. Advances in knowledge: Substantial modifications in number of reconstructions per cardiac cycle significantly affect the assessment of LV function, LVOTarea and AVA also in modern CT scanners.

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Raynaud, F., J. L. Miguel, B. Vivien-Roels, M. Masson-Pévet i P. Pévet. "The effect of 5-methoxytryptamine on golden hamster gonads is not a consequence of its acetylation into melatonin". Journal of Endocrinology 121, nr 3 (czerwiec 1989): 507–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1210507.

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ABSTRACT Radioimmunoassay and high performance liquid chromatography were used to determine if the gonadal atrophy induced by late afternoon injections of 5-methoxytryptamine (5-MT) in golden hamsters kept under long photoperiod could be due to the acetylation of this compound into melatonin. An increase in plasma concentrations of melatonin (10–13 nmol/l) was detected 15 min after injection of 130 nmol 5-MT. An injection of 4·3 nmol melatonin generated a similar plasma concentration of melatonin. 5-MT (130 nmol) and melatonin (4·3 nmol) were then injected daily in the late afternoon to golden hamsters kept under long photoperiod. After 8 weeks, 5-MT induced total testicular regression, while melatonin induced partial atrophy only. Thus under these experimental conditions, 5-MT had a physiological activity independent of that of melatonin. Journal of Endocrinology (1989) 121, 507–512

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Tamekuni, Katia, Roberta dos Santos Toledo, Mauro de Freitas Silva Filho, Valeska Bender Haydu, Richard Campos Pacheco, José Henrique Cavicchioli, Marcelo Bahia Labruna, John Stephen Dumler i Odilon Vidotto. "Serosurvey of antibodies against spotted fever group Rickettsia spp. in horse farms in Northern Paraná, Brazil". Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 19, nr 4 (grudzień 2010): 259–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612010000400014.

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Brazilian spotted fever (BSF) is an emerging disease most likely caused by Rickettsia rickettsii. The objective of the present study was to estimate the seroprevalence of BSF rickettsia infections in equines from six horse farms located in Londrina County, Paraná, Southern Brazil. Six owners of horse farms situated in Cambé, Santa Fé, Guaraci and Londrina municipalities participated in the study. All farms were located in areas where BSF has not been reported. A total of 273 horses were sampled and their sera were tested by indirect Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) using R. rickettsii and R. parkeri antigens. Titers equal to and greater than 64 were considered positive. Of 273 sera tested, 15 (5.5%) reacted to R. rickettsii and 5 (1.8%) to R. parkeri. Five out of the six farms studied revealed seropositive animals and seropositivity rate ranged from 0 to 13%. The titers ranged from 64 to 512, and four samples had a titer of 512. Nine animals reacted to R. rickettsii with titers four-fold higher than those for R. parkeri. These results suggest that horses in Northern Paraná may have been exposed to rickettsiae identical or closely related to R. rickettsii.

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Omotoso, A. B. O., K. I. Adediran, J. O. Abdulmalik i O. O. Omigbodun. "Facing two faces of malnutrition among schooling adolescents in North-Central Nigeria". Tropical Journal of Health Sciences 29, nr 4 (27.11.2022): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjhc.v29i4.5.

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Adolescence is a period of transition in which there are unique nutritional requirements. Our study determined the nutritional status of adolescents, schooling in north-central Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 512 in-school adolescents. The sociodemographic and anthropometric data were analysed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22 and the WHO Anthro software (Version 3.1.0) respectively. Chi square statistics tested the association between categorical variables at 5% level of statistical significance. Binary logistic regression analysis determined the predictors of anthropometric indicators. From eight public schools, 512 students were interviewed, 53.5% of which were girls. While 21% were underweight, 20% were overweight, 12.1% were stunted and 0.1% was obese. Being from a polygamous family was predictive of stunting. The dietary pattern was starchy and meat consumption was rare. Meal skipping and snacking were common. The two faces of malnutrition were common among the adolescent students. There is a need for nutrition education and effective school mental health policies in Nigeria and across Africa. Good nutrition among adolescents has an impact on mental health and education – two promising pillars to support the demographic dividend of Africa’s youthful population.

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Ge, Nan, Yixi Liu, Xiang Xu, Xuedian Zhang i Minshan Jiang. "A Fast Generative Adversarial Network for High-Fidelity Optical Coherence Tomography Image Synthesis". Photonics 9, nr 12 (7.12.2022): 944. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9120944.

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(1) Background: We present a fast generative adversarial network (GAN) for generating high-fidelity optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. (2) Methods: We propose a novel Fourier-FastGAN (FOF-GAN) to produce OCT images. To improve the image quality of the synthetic images, a new discriminator with a Fourier attention block (FAB) and a new generator with fast Fourier transform (FFT) processes were redesigned. (3) Results: We synthesized normal, diabetic macular edema (DME), and drusen images from the Kermany dataset. When training with 2800 images with 50,000 epochs, our model used only 5 h on a single RTX 2080Ti GPU. Our synthetic images are realistic to recognize the retinal layers and pathological features. The synthetic images were evaluated by a VGG16 classifier and the Fréchet inception distance (FID). The reliability of our model was also demonstrated in the few-shot learning with only 100 pictures. (4) Conclusions: Using a small computing budget and limited training data, our model exhibited good performance for generating OCT images with a 512 × 512 resolution in a few hours. Fast retinal OCT image synthesis is an aid for data augmentation medical applications of deep learning.

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Effendi, Edi Arif, Favorisen Rosyking Lumbanraja, Akmal Junaidi i Admi Syarif. "Implementasi Metode Deep Learning Untuk Klasifikasi Gambar Tulisan Tangan". Jurnal Pepadun 4, nr 2 (1.08.2023): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/pepadun.v4i2.166.

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The advancement of current technology has led to the widespread utilization of pattern recognition in diverse fields, such as identifying signature patterns, fingerprints, faces, and handwriting. Human handwriting exhibits variations from one person to another, often making it challenging to read or recognize, which can hinder daily activities, particularly in transactions requiring handwritten input. Handwriting, being a distinct expression of individuals, can be effectively distinguished or recognized using pattern recognition methods, particularly through computer-based classification techniques, including deep learning. In this research, deep learning was employed for the classification of handwritten characters, encompassing a total of 5200 data samples, consisting of lowercase and uppercase letters from 'a' to 'z,' with each letter represented by 100 data samples. The data underwent several stages, including pre-processing, feature extraction, classification, and evaluation. The evaluation phase employed k-fold cross-validation repeated ten times, which is a statistical technique aimed at assessing classifier performance. The study revealed that the highest accuracy, at 58.36%, was achieved using a 2-layer architecture with 512 and 256 units, while the lowest accuracy, at 43.42%, was obtained with a 5-layer architecture comprising 512, 256, 128, 64, and 32 units.

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Tabary, P. "The New French Operational Radar Rainfall Product. Part I: Methodology". Weather and Forecasting 22, nr 3 (1.06.2007): 393–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf1004.1.

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Abstract A new radar-based rainfall product has been developed at Météo-France and is currently being deployed within the French operational Application Radar à la Météorologie Infra-Synoptique (ARAMIS) radar network. The rainfall product is based entirely on radar data and comprises the following successive processing steps: 1) dynamic identification of ground clutter based on the pulse-to-pulse fluctuation of the radar signal, 2) reflectivity-to-rain-rate conversion using the Marshall–Palmer Z–R relationship, 3) correction for partial beam blocking using numerical simulations of the interaction between the radar wave and the terrain, 4) correction for vertical profile of reflectivity (VPR) effects based on ratio curves and a priori climatology-based VPR candidates, 5) correction for nonsimultaneity of radar measurements by making use of a cross-correlation advection field, 6) weighted linear combination of the corrected reflectivity measurements gathered at the various elevation angles of the volume coverage pattern, and 7) production of a 5-min rain accumulation using the advection field to mitigate undersampling effects. In addition to the final Cartesian, 512 km × 512 km, 1 km2 in resolution, radar rainfall product, a map of quality indexes is automatically generated that allows for assessing empirically the accuracy of the estimation. This new product has been validated using 27 episodes observed during the autumns of 2002 and 2003 and the winter of 2005 by three S-band radars of the network. This paper is entirely devoted to the description of the methodology.

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Zaremba, Sigitas, Renatas Aškinis, Agota Piščikaitė, Giedrė Smailytė i Saulius Cicėnas. "Stemplės vėžio gydymo rezultatai Nacionaliniame vėžio institute 2008–2017 metais". Lietuvos chirurgija 18, nr 2 (9.07.2019): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lietchirur.2019.18.10.

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Įvadas. Stemplės vėžys (SV) yra aštunta pagal dažnumą onkologinė liga ir šešta mirties dėl vėžio priežastis pasaulyje. Nepaisant pažangos šią ligą diagnozuojant ir gydant, bendrasis 5-erių metų reliatyvus išgyvenamumas siekia 15–25 proc. Straipsnio tikslas – apžvelgti 2008–2017 m. Nacionaliniame vėžio institute (NVI) gydyto SV atvejų gydymo patirtį, įvertinti operacinio, konservatyvaus ir paliatyvaus gydymo rezultatus, nustatyti ligonių išgyvenamumą. Tyrimo metodika. 2008–2017 m. NVI gydėsi 512 pacientų, sergančių SV. Ligoniams taikytas operacinis, paliatyvus operacinis, chemospindulinis, spindulinis, chemoterapinis ar simptominis gydymas. Statistinė analizė atlikta naudojant STATA 11 statistinę programinę įrangą. Rezultatai. Tirtų pacientų amžiaus vidurkis – 61,8 metai. Iš 512 tiriamųjų 63 buvo moterys (12,3 %), 449 – vyrai (87,7 %). I stadijos vėžiu sirgo 25 (4,9 %), II stadijos vėžiu – 74 (14,4 %), III stadijos vėžiu – 258 (50,4 %), IV stadijos vėžiu – 155 (30,3 %) pacientai. Dažniausia morfologija – plokščialąstelinė karcinoma (445 atvejai, 86,9 %), adenokarcinoma – 48 atvejai (9,4 %). Operuoti radikaliai – 75 (14,6 %), paliatyviai – 271 ligonis. Chemospindulinis gydymas taikytas 97 (19,0 %) ligoniams, spindulinis – 81 (15,8 %), chemoterapinis – 111 (21,7 %), simptominis – 148 (28,9 %). Po radikalių operacijų komplikacijų dažnis – 46,17 proc., mirtingumas – 10,67 proc. Dažniausia komplikacija – fistulė. Bendrasis reliatyvus išgyvenamumas: vienus metus – 33,91 proc., penkerius metus – 9,0 proc. Atsižvelgiant į gydymo rūšį, reliatyvusis 5-erių metų išgyvenamumas po radikalių operacijų siekė 26,53 proc., po chemospindulinio gydymo – 17,95 proc., po radioterapinio gydymo – 5,36 proc., po chemoterapinio gydymo – 1,92 proc., po simptominio gydymo – 1,92 proc. Išvados: Po radikalaus SV operacinio gydymo pooperacinių komplikacijų dažnis siekė 46,17 proc., mirtingumas – 10,67 proc. Po paliatyvaus operacinio gydymo komplikacijų dažnis siekė 4,5 proc., mirtingumas – 0,7 proc. NVI gydytų SV sergančiųjų bendrasis 5-erių metų reliatyvus išgyvenamumas – 9,0 proc. Reikšmingos įtakos išgyvenamumui turėjo taikytas gydymas, diagnozuotos ligos stadija ir pirminio naviko dydis.

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ERAYDIN, Necmettin. "Pausanias, Hellas ın Tasviri I. 1. 1 - I. 3. 5., Çev. N. Eraydın Libri III (2017) 512-529." LIBRI Kitap Tanitimi, Elestiri ve Ceviri Dergisi, nr 3 (24.12.2017): 512–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.20480/lbr.2017043.

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Kingston, William. "Stimulating Innovationby Tudor Rickards(Frances Pinter, Ltd., London, 1985) pp. xi + 221, £ 15.00 ISBN 0-86187-512-5". Prometheus 4, nr 1 (czerwiec 1986): 199–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08109028608629596.

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Presterl, Elisabeth, Stefan Hajdu, Andrea M. Lassnigg, Alexander M. Hirschl, Johannes Holinka i Wolfgang Graninger. "Effects of Azithromycin in Combination with Vancomycin, Daptomycin, Fosfomycin, Tigecycline, and Ceftriaxone on Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilms". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 53, nr 8 (18.05.2009): 3205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01628-08.

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ABSTRACT Staphylococcal biofilms on surgical implants are the underlying cause of a lack of response to antimicrobial treatment. We investigated the effects of vancomycin (VAN), daptomycin (DAP), fosfomycin (FOS), tigecycline (TGC), and ceftriaxone (CRX), alone and in combination with azithromycin (AZI), on established biofilms of Staphylococcus epidermidis. Biofilms were studied using the static microtiter plate model with established S. epidermidis biofilms, with an initial inoculum of 106/ml in 96-well polystyrene flat-bottom microtiter plates. Biofilms were inoculated with VAN, DAP, FOS, TGC, or CRX at two concentrations, alone or in combination with AZI (2, 512, or 1,024 mg/liter). To assess the reduction in biomass, the optical density ratio (ODr), calculated as (optical density [OD] of the treated biofilm)/(OD of the untreated biofilm, taken as 1), was used. For antibacterial efficacy, the viable bacterial count was used. Reductions in the biofilm ODr were observed for VAN (15 and 40 mg/liter) and FOS (200 mg/liter) only (ODr [mean ± standard deviation] for VAN at 15 and 40 mg/liter, 0.77 ± 0.32 and 0.8 ± 0.35, respectively; ODr for FOS at 200 mg/liter, 0.78 ± 0.26; P < 0.05), but not for DAP (2 and 5 mg/liter), TGC (0.2 and 2 mg/liter), or CRX (600 and 2,400 mg/liter). The addition of AZI had no further effect on the ODr, but a significant reduction of bacterial growth was achieved with high doses of AZI plus TGC or AZI plus CRX (a 3-log count reduction for AZI at 1,024 mg/liter plus CRX at 600 mg/liter and for AZI at 512 or 1,024 mg/liter plus CRX at 2,400 mg/liter; a 2-log count reduction for AZI at 512 or 1,024 mg/liter plus TGC at 2 mg/liter [P < 0.05]). No significant reduction in bacterial growth was observed for FOS (50 and 200 mg/liter), DAP (2 and 5 mg/liter), or TGC (0.2 mg/liter) in combination with AZI. None of the antibiotics at either concentration reduced the bacterial count of the biofilms when used alone. Thus, the use of a combination of AZI plus TGC, FOS, or CRX at high concentrations has little effect on biofilm density but significantly reduces bacterial growth.

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Qureshi, Rahila. "Molecular docking analysis of an isoflavone derivative with the phosphatase 1 protein from Leishmania donovani". Bioinformation 16, nr 11 (30.11.2020): 942–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/97320630016942.

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Leishmaniasis is one of the most neglected diseases with high morbidity and mortality rate. Severe side effects with existing drug and lack of proper vaccine encouraged us to design alternative models to combat the disease. We showed that PP1 of Leishmania donovani mediates immunomodulation in host macrophages needed for parasite survival. Therefore, it is of interest to report the molecular docking analysis of 512 isoflavone derivatives with the phosphatase 1 protein from Leishmania donovani to highlight compound 362 (5-hydroxy-5-{9-[2-methoxy-2-(2-methylfuran-3-yl) ethyl]-1H,3H,4H,10bH-pyrano[4,3-c]chromen-3-yl}pentanoic acid) having good binding features and acceptable ADMET properties for further consideration.

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Gentilini, Oreste, Eduardo Chagas, Stefano Zurrida, Mattia Intra, Concetta De Cicco, Giovanna Gatti, Luzemira Silva, Giuseppe Renne, Enrico Cassano i Umberto Veronesi. "Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Male Patients with Early Breast Cancer". Oncologist 12, nr 5 (maj 2007): 512–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1634/theoncologist.12-5-512.

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尹, 祥础, i 灿. 尹. "非线性系统失稳的前兆与地震预报——响应比理论及其应用". Science in China Series B-Chemistry, Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (in Chinese) 21, nr 5 (1.05.1991): 512–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/zb1991-21-5-512.

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李, 少华, 自强丁 i 中立吴. "异丙肾上腺素抑制血小板激活因子所致内皮细胞的变化". Science in China Series B-Chemistry, Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (in Chinese) 25, nr 5 (1.05.1995): 512–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/zb1995-25-5-512.

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Matthews, Philippa C., Koenraad Van Den Abbeele, Stephen Dawson i Mike Mcintyre. "HIV testing for adult patients with Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteraemia". Clinical Medicine 6, nr 5 (1.09.2006): 512. http://dx.doi.org/10.7861/clinmedicine.6-5-512.

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Young, John. "Red flags in geriatrics: diagnoses not to be missed in acute units". Clinical Medicine 7, nr 5 (1.10.2007): 512–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7861/clinmedicine.7-5-512.

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