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Varga, Tomáš. "3D zobrazovací jednotka." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219713.
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Based on binocular vision the human eye is capable of generating the observed spatial perception of the object. Nowadays 3D imaging of two-dimensional surface is in vogue especially in the cinema industry. However, 3D imaging is gradually getting into other industries especially in other parts of everyday life (advertisements, presentations, entertainment ...). 3D images can be created in various ways, some of which are detailed in this master´s thesis. This thesis deals with the description and the drawing up of a 3D display which provides a three-dimensional image without using auxiliary objects such as glasses. The display unit produces a three-dimensional image at a fundamental level, which consists of providing high-speed rotation of the display and creates the current portion of the object in specified sections.
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Ansari, Anees. "Direct 3D Interaction Using A 2D Locator Device." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000046.
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Balakrishnan, Ravin. "The evolution and evaluation of a 3D input device." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0026/MQ51587.pdf.
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Williams, Cary. "TZee: a tangible device for 3d interactions on tabletop computers." Association for Computing Machinery, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/5219.
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Manipulating 3D objects on a tabletop computer is inherently problematic. The flat surface of tabletop computers enable natural 2D interaction, but lack the additional dimension needed to intuitively facilitate 3D object manipulation. In this thesis I present TZee, a passive tangible widget that enables natural interactions with 3D objects by exploiting the lighting properties of diffuse illumination (DI) multi-touch tabletops. The Tangible User Interface (TUI), TZee is constructed from several pieces of stacked acrylic glass. The stacked glass enables TZee to channel the light emitted from the tabletop slightly higher above the surface without major light loss. This technique allows the tangible interface to transmit touches on the device to the tabletop without any supplementary power. TZee enables simple translation, rotation and scaling along the x, y, or z axes. This thesis discusses several important design considerations of TZee, demonstrated TZee’s value though several applications and a gesture design study.
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Pavlyuk, M. O. "3D printers and printing." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/45447.
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What is a 3D printer? Is any fiction or real technology? 3D-printer - a device that uses the method of layering creating of a physical object in a digital 3D-model.In fact 3D printer is a device that can print any volumetric product. 3D-printing can be implemented in different ways and it uses materials.
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Gràcia, Julià Alvar. "Laser cooking system applied to a 3D food printing device." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667255.
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Se ha desarrollado un sistema innovador de cocción de alimentos basado en el calentamiento por radiación infrarroja (IR) mediante un láser de CO2 (IR Láser CO2) teniendo en cuenta que el agua posee una elevada capacidad de absorción electromagnética en la longitud de onda del IR Láser CO2. El sistema de cocción se ha adaptado en una impresora 3D de alimentos y se ha diseñado con los siguientes requerimientos: 1) cocción en un área delimitada; 2) capacidad de control de la temperatura de cocción; 3) las dimensiones físicas de la lámpara de CO2 deben adaptarse a la impresora 3D de alimentos; 4) el consumo de energía debe ser compatible con la capacidad de la impresora 3D de alimentos; 5) el sistema debe ser controlado por software; 6) versatilidad para cocinar mientras se imprime el alimento o después de la impresión. En el presente estudio se han usado dos sistemas de cocción por IR Láser CO2. Primero se usó una grabadora y cortadora con IR Láser CO2 en la que se establecieron unas condiciones específicas que permitieron la cocción de hamburguesas de ternera, puré de patatas y masas de pizza. Después se desarrolló un nuevo sistema de cocción integrado en la impresora 3D de alimentos formado por una lámpara láser de CO2, un sistema de galvos para dirigir el haz láser a la zona de cocción y un software que permitía controlar la posición y frecuencia del movimiento de los galvanómetros. Con este nuevo sistema se podía cocinar de manera homogénea un área determinada, debido al rápido movimiento de los espejos de los galvos. Se cocinaron los siguientes alimentos en el interior de la impresora 3D de alimentos: hamburguesas de carne de ternera; preparados vegetales tipo hamburguesas formuladas con legumbres, hortalizas y huevo como ingredientes principales; y bases de pizza. Para demostrar que la cocción fue adecuada y suficiente, la cocción mediante IR Láser CO2 se comparó con diferentes sistemas de cocción tradicionales (plancha, barbacoa y hornos IR, de convección, de suela refractaria y microondas) y se evaluaron las características microbiológicas, físico-químicas y sensoriales de los alimentos cocidos. Se analizó la formación de hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos con el fin de evaluar la seguridad toxicológica, y se estudió el efecto térmico en la eliminación de Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Senftenberg y Escherichia coli O157:H7 inoculadas en las hamburguesas de ternera y en los preparados vegetales. Los análisis microbiológicos y toxicológicos demostraron que los alimentos cocinados con el nuevo sistema IR Láser CO2 son tan seguros como los cocinados con los métodos convencionales. Los análisis sensoriales indicaron que la preferencia de los consumidores
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por los alimentos cocidos con IR Láser CO2 fue igual o superior a la preferencia por los alimentos cocidos con los sistemas convencionales. Además, se desarrolló un modelo numérico basado en la dinámica computacional de fluidos para simular el proceso de cocción de las hamburguesas de ternera y los preparados vegetales y se validó con los resultados experimentales de aumento de temperatura durante el proceso de cocción. Los resultados numéricos de la evolución de la temperatura coincidieron con los datos experimentales, excepto durante los primeros minutos de la cocción. El modelo de simulación numérico se considera una potente herramienta para optimizar el proceso de cocción del sistema IR Láser CO2. A partir de los resultados obtenidos se abren nuevas vías de trabajo, que incluyen estudios de cocción con alimentos de composición sensiblemente diferente a los probados hasta el momento; la simulación del proceso de cocción con diferentes parámetros y estrategias de cocción; y la realización de estudios nutricionales.<br>An innovative cooking system based on infrared radiation (IR) using a CO2 laser (CO2 IR Laser) has been developed considering that water absorbance of electromagnetic infrared radiation at CO2 laser wavelength is very high. The new cooking system has been adapted into a 3D food printer and has been designed with the following requirements: 1) ability to cook in a delimited area; 2) control of the cooking temperature; 3) physical dimensions that fit inside the 3D Food Printer; 4) energy consumption below the power supply limits; 5) software-controlled system; 6) versatility to cook while printing the food or to cook once the food is printed. In the present study, two CO2 IR Laser cooking systems have been used and tested. The first CO2 IR Laser cooking system studied was a laser engraver and cutter equipment in which specific conditions were applied to cook beef burgers, mashed potatoes bites and pizza dough. After, a new cooking system adapted to the 3D food printer was developed, consisting of a CO2 laser lamp, a system of galvo mirrors that direct the laser beam to the cooking area, and a software that allowed controlling the position and the frequency of movement of galvanometers. With this new system, a chosen area could be homogenously cooked, due to the rapid movement of the galvo mirrors. The food products cooked inside the 3D food printer were: beef burgers; vegetarian patties prepared with legumes, vegetables and egg as main ingredients; and pizza dough. To demonstrate that cooking had been achieved, food products were cooked with the CO2 IR laser systems and different traditional cooking systems (flat and barbeque grills; IR, convection, desk and microwave ovens). Microbiological, physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of the cooked foods were evaluated. The formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was analyzed in beef burgers and pizzas to evaluate toxicological safety, and the thermal effect in the count reduction or survival of Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Senftenberg and Escherichia coli O157:H7 inoculated in beef burgers and vegetarian patties was studied. Microbiological and toxicological analyses showed that food products cooked with the new CO2 IR Laser system were as safe as food cooked with traditional methods. Sensory analyses showed that consumers had the same, or even higher, level of preference for foods cooked with CO2 IR laser system in comparison with foods cooked with traditional methods. In addition, a numerical model based on computational fluid dynamics was developed to simulate the cooking process of beef burgers and vegetarian patties, and it was validated with experimental data of temperature evolution during the cooking process. The
numerical results for temperature evolution given by the model coincide with the experimental data, except for the first minutes of cooking. The numerical simulation model is a powerful tool to optimize the cooking process of the CO2 IR Laser system. Based on the results obtained, future work will be carried out including cooking experimental studies with foods containing a significantly different composition; the simulation of the cooking process with different parametric conditions; and nutritional studies.
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Plevniak, Kimberly. "3D printed microfluidic device for point-of-care anemia diagnosis." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/32875.
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Master of Science<br>Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering<br>Mei He<br>Anemia affects about 25% of the world’s population and causes roughly 8% of all disability cases. The development of an affordable point-of-care (POC) device for detecting anemia could be a significant for individuals in underdeveloped countries trying to manage their anemia. The objective of this study was to design and fabricate a 3D printed, low cost microfluidic mixing chip that could be used for the diagnosis of anemia.
Microfluidic mixing chips use capillary flow to move fluids without the aid of external power. With new developments in 3D printing technology, microfluidic devices can be fabricated quickly and inexpensively. This study designed and demonstrated a passive microfluidic mixing chip that used capillary force to mix blood and a hemoglobin detecting assay.
A 3D computational fluid dynamic simulation model of the chip design showed 96% efficiency when mixing two fluids. The mixing chip was fabricated using a desktop 3D printer in one hour for less than $0.50. Blood samples used for the clinical validation were provided by The University of Kansas Medical Center Biospecimen Repository. During clinical validation, RGB (red, green, blue) values of the hemoglobin detection assay color change within the chip showed consistent and repeatable results, indicating the chip design works efficiently as a passive mixing device. The anemia detection assay tended to overestimate hemoglobin levels at lower values while underestimating them in higher values, showing the assay needs to go through more troubleshooting.
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Walden, Alice. "The Driving Factors : Evaluating intuitive interaction with a 3D-device in a car racing game." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-139579.
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To investigate the topic of intuitive interaction using a 3D-device, a toy car was used as a controller with the Stylaero Board to complete one lap in a car racing game. 20 participants completed the task in 2 conditions, one using the 3D-device as a controller, and one using a standard computer keyboard. The interaction was evaluated using task completion time as a measure of learnability of the device, as well as through subjective reactions from users gathered from a tailored questionnaire with 7 statements rated on a Likert scale of 1-5, and 3 open-ended questions. The performance and attitude towards the 3D-device as a controller was compared to the performance and attitude towards using a standard keyboard. The mean task completion time was significantly lower when using the keyboard. A subscale of the enjoyability of using the device was compared between conditions indicating a significant difference where the 3D-device was rated higher than the keyboard. Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between attitude towards the control device and task completion time in the keyboard, while no significant correlation was found between the corresponding variables for the 3D-device. These results indicate a difference between what aspects are important to users when evaluating a new interface compared to a familiar one. The subjective reactions gathered from the open-ended questions were categorized and sorted into themes using thematic analysis to illustrate the various aspects that were highlighted by users for each interface. The problems faced by participants when using the 3D-device were observed and analyzed in relation to current theories of intuitive interaction to find the driving factors of interaction with a new device.
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BENETTO, SIMONE. "Fabrication and characterization of a microfluidic device for 3D cells analysis". Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2667167.
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The study of cells chemotaxis and angiogenesis phenomena plays a significant role in a better understanding of cancer evolution. As a matter of fact, cells are influenced by the physiological environment, which contains all the substances that could influence their regular life. The importance of the study of the impact nutrients or toxic elements may have is generally accepted. In fact, in the last decade a large number of studies were carried on simple 2D devices. However, this type of platform did not allow a well-simulated physiological behavior, and they were soon replaced with the study of 3D
platforms.
This thesis reports the fabrication, simulation and testing of a 3D microfluidic circuit to study cells chemotaxis in a platform where reagents concentration is controlled spatially and temporally. In the first part of the thesis all the technologies and processes used for the device manufacturing are listed and explained (Chapter 1). Then, an overview of the biological and physics phenomena that occur during the device usage is reported (Chapter 2). The main part of the work is focused on the experimental fabrication processes (Chapter 3) and simulations and tests for the correct device behavior (Chapter 4). In these sections, all the steps and alternatives in the fabrication process are explained, coming to the final correct device production with PDMS casting in situ process with a SU8 photoresist mold; afterward, all the simulations and tests are reported in order to analyze the device: the static and dynamic regimes are analyzed and tested, from the fluorescence method (in order to check if the gradient is correctly maintained) to some biological tests for the cells growth. Finally, conclusions and future perspectives are reported (Chapter 5).
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Machwirth, Mattias. "A Haptic Device Interface for Medical Simulations using OpenCL." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-29980.
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The project evaluates how well a haptic device can be used to interact with a visualization of volumetric data. Since the interface to the haptic device require explicit surface descriptions, triangles had to be constructed from the volumetric data. The algorithm used to extract these triangles is marching cubes. The triangles produced by marching cubes are then transmitted to the haptic device to enable the force feedback. Marching cubes was suitable for parallelization and it was executed using OpenCL. Graphs in the report shows how this parallelization ran almost 70 times faster than the sequential CPU counterpart of the same algorithm. Further development of the project would give medical students the opportunity to practice difficult procedures on a simulation instead of a real patient. This would give a realistic and accurate simulation to practice on.<br>Projektet går ut på att utvärdera hur väl en haptisk utrustning går att använda för att interagera med en visualisering av volumetrisk data. Eftersom haptikutrustningen krävde explicit beskrivna ytor, krävdes först en triangelgenerering utifrån den volymetriska datan. Algoritmen som används till detta är marching cubes. Trianglarna som producerades med hjälp av marching cubes skickas sedan vidare till den haptiska utrustningen för att kunna få gensvar i form av krafter för att utnyttja sig av känsel och inte bara syn. Eftersom marching cubes lämpas för en parallelisering användes OpenCL för att snabba upp algoritmen. Grafer i projektet visar hur denna algoritm exekveras upp emot 70 gånger snabbare när algoritmen körs som en kernel i OpenCL istället för ekvensiellt på CPUn. Tanken är att när vidareutveckling av projektet har gjorts i god mån, kan detta användas av läkarstuderande där övning av svåra snitt kan ske i en verklighetstrogen simulering innan samma ingrepp utförs på en individ.
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Yeleswarapu, Krishnamurthy. "TCAD simulation framework for the study of TSV-device interaction." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51785.
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With the reduction in transistor dimensions to a few tens of nanometers as a result of aggressive scaling, interconnect delay has now become one of the major bottlenecks to chip performance. Secondly, interconnect power and area have both become a significant part of the total chip power and area respectively. These concerns have led to an effort to find a solution that would reduce interconnect delay and leakage, while also reducing the area they occupy in a chip, so that either the chip area could be reduced, or more functionality could be incorporated within a certain area. 3D integration, i.e., stacking of various sub-systems of a chip on top of each other, enables chip-makers to achieve higher packaging efficiencies, thereby reducing system cost, while also reducing delay (and thus increasing the available bandwidth). Through Silicon Vias (TSVs) have emerged as the key interconnect technology for 3D ICs, as they enable significant reduction in delay and leakage compared to wire-bonded dies, while also occupying less area in a package. They also enable stacking of sub-systems which differ in functionality, and stacking of multiple dies. Also, unlike wire-bond, dies need not be bandwidth limited by the number of wire bonds that can be made between two levels in a stack. While TSVs offer many advantages, one of the concerns when implementing a 3D system using TSVs is the mechanisms of interaction between a TSV and a device in its vicinity. Another concern is with regards to the interaction between the TSV and its surrounding material. The purpose of this thesis is to develop a TCAD framework for process and device co-simulation of a TSV transistor system to study the various mechanisms of interaction between them, as well as between the TSV and substrate. The utility of this tool has been demonstrated by studying two mechanisms of interaction, the effect of TSV-induced stress, and the effect of TSV-device electrical coupling, on the electrical performance of bulk NMOS and PMOS transistors. The results from 3D TCAD simulations suggest that designers can scale the keep out zone (KOZ) around TSVs more aggressively, allowing for more efficient utilization of silicon area, without a drastic performance penalty.
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Garretón, Gilda. "A hybrid approach to 2D and 3D mesh generation for semiconductor device simulation /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1998. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=12982.
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Yang, Hua. "3D device simulation of SEU-induced charge collection in 200 GHz SiGe HBTs." Auburn, Ala., 2005. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2005%20Fall/Thesis/YANG_HUA_58.pdf.
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Jansson, Magnus. "A 3D-ultrasound guidance device for central venous catheter placement using augmented reality." Thesis, KTH, Medicinsk teknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-203814.
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Central venous catheterization (CVC) is performed frequently in clinical practices in Operation Rooms(OR) and Emergency Rooms(ER). CVC is performed for different reasons such as supply nutrition or medicine. For CVC ultrasound (US), diagnostic device is preferable among other medical imaging technologies. Central Venous Catheterization (CVC) under the 2D US guidance requires skills for catheter placement to avoid damaging non-targeted blood vessels. Therefore, there is a great need for improvements in the CVC field where mechanical complication has a risk of occurring during the procedure, for example misplacement of the needle. This master thesis project was performed at Kyushu University department of mechanical engineering and collaboration with Maidashi Kyushu University Hospital department of Advanced Medicine and Innovative Technology in Japan. This thesis is aimed to develop a new simple and cheap guidance system for CVC placement. The system performed on a Tablet PC and will be using already existing Ultrasound machines in Hospitals and Augmented Reality(AR). The project developed a simple AR-System for CVC placement with use of the ArUco library. The new developed system takes information from Ultrasound images and constructs a 3D-model of a vein and artery. Then the 3D-model is augmented on the patient through the tablet PC by using the ArUco library. The construction and augmentation is all performed on the tablet PC and has a small computation to complete the necessary procedures for the 3D-blood vessels. The AR-system has a simple control where the interface of the system is a simple push and action system. When a good visualization of the blood vessels and Doppler effect is shown on the ultrasound machine, the surgeon presses the screen and the image is saved. After about five images are acquired, the system builds the 3D-model and augments it on the patient using a marker. For the development of this system it implemented the waterfall method where each step was tested and checked, before moving to the next step. A full functional system was developed and tested. From the tests performed it is shown that there were limitations due to segmentation and depth perception. But the system has possibilities as an aid for CVC placement.
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Broman, Adam, and Gustav Blom. "Assessment of function of a 3D-printed body-powered upper limb prosthetic device." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för rehabilitering, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-44578.
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Purpose Conventional arm-prosthesis are expensive to make and therefore limit the availability for users on the geographical locations there the user pays for it. This study compares the hand function of a 3D-printed prosthesis with lower production cost with a traditional prosthesis. Method A test person performed two different tests of hand function (Box and Block test and Nine-hole peg test) with a myoelectric trans radial prosthetic arm and a body powered 3D printed trans radial prosthetic arm. The test person also answered two parts of the orthotics and prosthetics users’ survey (OPUS) considering both prosthetic arms. Result The 3D-printed prosthesis performed worse than the traditional prosthesis in the two tests of hand function and generally worse in the questionnaire about the function of the prosthesis. Though it got higher values in comfort and affordability. Conclusion There was a significant difference in function between the 3D-printed prosthesis and the myoelectric prosthesis but the printed prosthesis could perform many activities in daily living. Whether the 3D-printed prosthetic device is priceworthy or not is hard to measure because of different criteria, therefore a conclusion is hard to reach.
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Tanwilaisiri, Anan. "Design and fabrication of supercapacitors using 3D printing." Thesis, Brunel University, 2018. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/16338.
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Supercapacitors, also known as electrochemical capacitors, have shown great potential as energy storage devices; and 3D printing likewise as a manufacturing technique. This research progressively investigates combining these two technologies to fabricate 3D-printed, electrochemical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). Small EDLCs were designed in a sandwich structure with an FDM-printed plastic frame and carbon electrodes. Inkjet printing was initially combined with FDM printing to produce a pilot sample with a silver ink current collector, however this performed poorly (Cs = 6 mF/g). Henceforth a paste extrusion system was added to the FDM printer to deposit the current collectors and electrodes, fabricating the entire device in a single continuous process. This process was progressively developed and tested, ultimately attaining specific capacitances of 200 mF/g. The fully integrated 3D printing process used to manufacture the EDLCs was a novel approach. Combining the FDM printer with a paste extruder allowed for a high degree of dimensional accuracy, as well as simplifying the production process. This aspect of the design functioned successfully, without significant faults, and proved a reliable fabrication method. The later designs used in this study provided the EDLCs extendable by incorporating connection jacks. This was to create the possibility to increase capacitance simply by connecting multiple EDLCs together. Tests of this feature showed that it worked well, with the extendable EDLCs delivering outputs very close to the theoretical maximum efficiency of the unit. Carbon conductive paint was applied as a current collector and electrode for the 3D printed EDLCs in an exploration of metal-free 3D printed supercapacitors. These metal-free EDLCs were found to provide around 60% of the specific capacitance of the best performing EDLC variant produced (silver paint current collectors with activated carbon and carbon paint mixture electrodes). Although considerable improvement is required to produce EDLC samples with comparable capacitances to existing commercial manufacturing techniques, this study lays important groundwork in this area, and has introduces effective and innovative design ideas for supercapacitors and integrated 3D printing processes.
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Lee, Wing Kai. "The application of 2D and 3D particle image velocimetry (PIV) for measurement in high speed flows." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343141.
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Jones, Richard. "Application of ultrafast lasers to photorefractive holography through turbid media." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298783.
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Krasts, Brian Janis. "An evaluation of a multitouch pointing device in 3D First-Person Shooter (FPS) games." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 65 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1459924781&sid=13&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Clohessy, Ryan M. "DEVELOPMENT OF AN ELECTROSPUN AND 3D PRINTED CELLULAR DELIVERY DEVICE FOR DERMAL WOUND HEALING." VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/6026.
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The goal of this research was to develop a system of individualized medicine that could be applied to dermal wounds serving as a wound dressing and synthetic extracellular matrix while delivering stem cells to the wound bed. First, fabrication parameters for electrospinning polymer fibers were determined. This involved evaluating fiber morphology with respect to polymer selection and solution concentration. Next, construct fabrication was examined to produce an integrated void space, or cargo area, suitable to maintain stem cells. In vitro studies to ensure stem cell viability and phenotype were conducted, and results supported the notion that cells could be administered to the wound site through construct pre-seeding. Lastly, in vivostudies were conducted to evaluate the construct as an applied biomaterial and as a cellular delivery device. Wound closure and quality were assessed, and neo-vascularization quantified. This project will provide insight into the tissue engineering field regarding cell-based therapies and dermal wound healing.
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Aldawi, Fouad Juma. "A low-cost ultrasonic 3D measurement device for calibration of Cartesian and non-Cartesian machines." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2009. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/9106/.
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The major obstacles to the widespread adoption of 3D measurement systems are accuracy, speed of process and the cost. At present, high accuracy for measuring 3D position has been achieved, and there have been real advances in reducing measurement time, but the cost of such systems remains high. A high-accuracy and high-resolution ultrasonic distance measurement system has been achieved in this project by creating multi-frequency continuous wave frequency modulation (MFCWFM) system. The low-cost system measures dynamic distance (displacements of an ultrasound transmitter) and fixed distance (distances between receivers). The instantaneous distance between the transmitter and each receiver can be precisely determined. New geometric algorithms for transmitter 3D position and receiver positing have also been developed in the current research to improve the measurement system‟s practicability. These algorithms allow the ultrasound receivers to be arbitrarily placed and located by self-calibration following a simple procedure. After the development and testing of the new 3D measurement system, further studies have also been carried out on the system, considering the two major external disturbances: air temperature drifting and ultrasound echo interference. Novel methods have been successfully developed and tested to minimize measurement errors and evaluation of speed of sound. All the enabling research described in the thesis means that it is now possible to build and implement a measurement system at reasonable cost for industrial exploitation. This will have the necessary performance to provide ultrasonic 3D position measurements in real time for monitoring position.
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Sansone, Enrico. "Study on the practical realization of a device able to generate an in-space 3D luminous image." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21052/.
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Gli ologrammi sono parte integrante della cultura pop a partire dagli anni 50, tanto che ad oggi sentirne parlare non desta più scalpore. Dal lato pratico, invece, solo negli ultimi anni sono state fatte ricerche approfondite con lo scopo di realizzarli. Fra i dispositivi attualmente in commercio, in pochi sono degni di nota e presentano numerose limitazioni, questo perché è molto difficile riuscire a progettare un sistema che permetta di illuminare dei punti specifici in uno spazio tridimensionale per lunghi periodi.
In questa tesi si illustrano i principi di funzionamento ed il progetto per un nuovo dispositivo, diverso da quelli fino ad ora realizzati, che sfrutti il decadimento spontaneo di atomi di rubidio eccitati tramite due fasci laser opportunamente incrociati. Nel punto di incrocio si produce luce visibile a 420 nm. Con un opportuno sistema di specchi che muovono velocemente il punto di intersezione tra i due fasci è possibile realizzare un vero ologramma tridimensionale visibile da quasi ogni angolazione.
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Janiš, Adam. "Mechanické vlastnosti materiálů pro 3D tisk." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442479.
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This thesis focuses on the description of 3D printing technologies using the FDM method, which uses deposition of molten thermoplastics and their subsequent cooling and solidification layer by layer. This unique structure then shows a strong anisotropy of mechanical properties and, as a result, their testing and print settings are very important. Tensile testing of plastic materials, including indicators of mechanical properties, are described in this thesis according to ČSN EN ISO standard. The practical part presents the concept of a device capable of performing these tests. The block diagram indicates the functional elements and the connections among them. Tensile strength test is described together with results processing. Necessary product documentation is also included.
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Vidas, Stephen G. "Handheld 3D thermography using range sensing and computer vision." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/68030/1/Stephen_Vidas_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis developed a method for real-time and handheld 3D temperature mapping using a combination of off-the-shelf devices and efficient computer algorithms. It contributes a new sensing and data processing framework to the science of 3D thermography, unlocking its potential for application areas such as building energy auditing and industrial monitoring.
New techniques for the precise calibration of multi-sensor configurations were developed, along with several algorithms that ensure both accurate and comprehensive surface temperature estimates can be made for rich 3D models as they are generated by a non-expert user.
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Sam, Jerry. "Development of a device for multi-modal mechanical manipulation of cells in 2D and 3D engineering environment." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29432.
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All organisms from bacteria to cells within the human body experience some form of mechanical stimuli. The biochemical response from mechanical stimuli is known as mechanotransduction. Cell manipulation devices provide an understanding of mechanotransduction and the various signalling mechanisms that take place. The objective of this Master’s thesis was to develop a device for multi-modal mechanical manipulation of cells in 2D and 3D environments. The device is to mimic the stress conditions or the mechanical environment of the cells in vitro. The mechanical cell loading device will be used to perform cellular mechanical experiments to assist in other future biophysical research and investigate the mechanics of cells under various degrees of tension, compression and shear so that a better understanding of mechanotransduction can be obtained. Cells are seeded in a biocompatible medium and their force response is observed. The incorporation of tension, compression and shear stress in a single device constitutes the uniqueness of this designed device. A cell manipulator device was designed and assembled with different modular attachments for the various kinds of stress loading. The dimensions of the device were selected in a manner to enable the device to be mountable on a microscope for live cell imaging. The Carl Zeiss LSM510 Confocal Microscope was the microscope available for the experimentation. In this project, live cell imaging is only possible with tensile strain. Thus, the tension system was the predominant focus. Live cell imaging during tension provides accurate information about cellular morphology. Three different types of PDMS membranes were designed, manufactured and tested by applying a tensile load from the designed device. The three types of PDMS membranes produced were: 20 mm x 20 mm, 20 mm x 20 mm with 1mm thickness dividers (dividers divided the PDMS membrane into 4 even sized quadrants), and 10 mm x 10 mm. Strain characterisation of the three types of PDMS membrane was performed. The PDMS membranes are marked with ink from a permanent marker which serves as a frame of reference for strain measurement. Using the permanent marker, dots were marked in grid format. The PDMS membranes were subjected to tensile stress from the designed device under a confocal microscope. Length deformation of the markers along the stretch axis was measured and recorded during the practical experimentation. Using FEA software, FEA models of each type of PDMS membrane was simulated. The purpose of the FEA models is to facilitate the future studies of researchers. FEA simulations provide feedback to guide actual cellular experimentation for researchers. The FEA models of the various types of PDMS membranes were validated against the practical experimentation of strain characterisation. From the analysis and discussion of the results of FEA and practical experimentation, the designed device satisfies the objectives of this project. The device was most successful with the 20 mm x 20 mm PDMS membrane type since it showed close correlation to the ideal strain output. FEA simulation of the 20 mm x 20 mm PDMS membrane also showed close correlation to the experimental results. But, in the instance of the 10 mm x 10 mm PDMS membrane, experimental results of the strain output did not correspond with the user strain due to the clamping mechanism unable to grapple PDMS membrane appropriately. Thus, validation of the FEA 10 mm x 10 mm PDMS membrane was not successful.
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Sultana, Razia. "Research on system architecture for device and content independent applications including 3d imaging and virtual reality as content." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAD034/document.
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Les réseaux traitant l’information, intègrent différentes technologies incluant une large gamme de dispositifs aux capacités et puissances très variées et capables de gérer une immense quantité d’informations sous forme de données d’une grande diversité de formats. La recherche sur l'imagerie 3D, la réalité virtuelle et autres techniques holographiques permettront d’offrir de nouvelles techniques d’interactions homme/machine (IHM), notamment pour les appareils mobiles. Cela enrichira encore la variété et la diversité de ces dispositifs. Beaucoup d'efforts ont été faits, notamment ces dernières années, afin d’établir une intégration ouverte, évolutive et transparente des différentes technologies permettant l’affichage de contenus, notamment d’images 2D et 3D et ce pour tout type de système, y compris mobile en tenant compte, notamment et de plus en plus, de la situation géographique individuelle de l'utilisateur final. Sur ces différents points, la tâche est loin d’être terminée. Cette thèse représente, dans ce contexte, une contribution, vers la généralisation de la transportabilité des informations pour des objets communicants de natures différentes, notamment portables, particulièrement dans le cas de l’imagerie en 3 dimensions, de plus en plus exploitée.L'objectif de ce travail de recherche est de trouver un moyen de résoudre le problème énoncé ci-dessus en proposant une architecture pour fournir un accès sans contrainte, continu et personnalisé pour le contenu et les applications interactives partout et à tout moment avec la plus grande quantité possible d’appareils communicants. Un exemple d’exploitation utile et particulièrement adaptée d'un tel système est l'apprentissage sur mobile en raison de la grande diversité des appareils communicants disponibles, dotés de caractéristiques et de fonctionnalités très différentes. Comme solution au problème considéré, une nouvelle architecture nommée "Smoothie" est proposée, un prototype a été développé et évalué en tant que composant important d'un jeu d'apprentissage collaboratif de langues étrangères nommé LLG (Language Learning Game)<br>Today’s network landscape consists of many different network technologies, a wide range of end-devices with large scale of capabilities and power, an immense quantity of information and data represented in different formats. Research on 3D imaging, virtual reality and holographic techniques will result in new user interfaces (UI) for mobile devices and will increase their diversity and variety. A lot of effort is being made in order to establish open, scalable and seamless integration of various technologies and content presentation for different devices including those that are mobile, considering the individual situation of the end user. Till today the research is going on in different parts of the world but the task is not completed yet.The goal of this research work was to find a way to solve the above stated problems by investigating system architectures to provide unconstrained, continuous and personalized access to the content and interactive applications everywhere and at anytime with different devices. As a Solution of the problem considered, a new architecture named “Smoothie” is proposed, developed as prototype and evaluated as an important feature of a collaborative foreign language learning game named LLG
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Ren, Xiaoran. "A Wearable Fitness Device System for Multiple Biological Information Data Acquisition for Physically Active Persons." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1505209479365329.
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Запорожченко, Віталій Сергійович, Виталий Сергеевич Запорожченко, Vitalii Serhiiovych Zaporozhchenko, Р. В. Пузік та А. О. Ященко. "Створення 3D-моделі компенсувального пристрою нерівномірності навантаження штампа". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/40454.
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Обробка металів тиском (ОМТ) є одним із найбільш прогресивних способів обробки матеріалів у сучасному машинобудуванні. Суттєвими перевагами процесів ОМТ є висока продуктивність, економія матеріалу, підвищена якість, точність та міцність виробів.
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Pan, Chenyun. "A hierarchical optimization engine for nanoelectronic systems using emerging device and interconnect technologies." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53931.
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A fast and efficient hierarchical optimization engine was developed to benchmark and optimize various emerging device and interconnect technologies and system-level innovations at the early design stage. As the semiconductor industry approaches sub-20nm technology nodes, both devices and interconnects are facing severe physical challenges. Many novel device and interconnect concepts and system integration techniques are proposed in the past decade to reinforce or even replace the conventional Si CMOS technology and Cu interconnects. To efficiently benchmark and optimize these emerging technologies, a validated system-level design methodology is developed based on the compact models from all hierarchies, starting from the bottom material-level, to the device- and interconnect-level, and to the top system-level models. Multiple design parameters across all hierarchies are co-optimized simultaneously to maximize the overall chip throughput instead of just the intrinsic delay or energy dissipation of the device or interconnect itself. This optimization is performed under various constraints such as the power dissipation, maximum temperature, die size area, power delivery noise, and yield. For the device benchmarking, novel graphen PN junction devices and InAs nanowire FETs are investigated for both high-performance and low-power applications. For the interconnect benchmarking, a novel local interconnect structure and hybrid Al-Cu interconnect architecture are proposed, and emerging multi-layer graphene interconnects are also investigated, and compared with the conventional Cu interconnects. For the system-level analyses, the benefits of the systems implemented with 3D integration and heterogeneous integration are analyzed. In addition, the impact of the power delivery noise and process variation for both devices and interconnects are quantified on the overall chip throughput.
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Futrega, Katarzyna. "Device and application development for haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) and mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) 3D spheroid cultures." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/92605/1/Katarzyna_Futrega_Thesis.pdf.
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With an overall aim to improve haematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) and mesesnchymal stromal cells (MSC) 3D culture systems, this PhD Thesis addressed the following four interlinked AIMs: (1) The development of a high throughput microwell platform that enabled evaluation of MSC spheroid potential to expand HSPC in vitro; (2) Utilization of the high throughput microwell platform to manufacture HSPC/MSC spheroids to improve the efficacy of direct bone marrow transplantation; (3) The development of an improved microwell platform that retains spheroids within discrete microwells throughout culture; and (4) Characterization of HSPC surface marker change in response to the microwell material.
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Oliveira, Tatiana Cartagena de. "Visualização de informações em dispositivos móveis : uma abordagem para dados multidimensionais." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/132878.
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Ao longo dos anos, com a evolução das estações de trabalho para computadores pessoais, ganharam foco diversas pesquisas visando desenvolver aplicações cada vez mais complexas nessas novas plataformas. Uma das áreas privilegiadas nesse contexto, foi a de Visualização de Informações, pois através do barateamento dos componentes de hardware e avanço das placas gráficas, as análises de dados que antes eram realizadas apenas máquinas com grande poder de processamento, poderiam ser realizadas em computadores pessoais. Hoje, tais computadores podem ser substituídos por dispositivos móveis, tais como tablets ou celulares, devido a performance desses dispositivos ser igual ou, em alguns casos, superior a computadores pessoais. Com isso, a área de Visualização de Informações passa a ser explorada no segmento mobile, devido à necessidade de empresas e instituições analisarem os mais diversos tipos de dados, nos mais diversos contextos, independentemente de localização geográfica. Nesse contexto, esse trabalho tem o objetivo de explorar possíveis técnicas de Visualização de Informações que utilizem os principais recursos dos dispositivos móveis, e que, de forma interativa e simples possam auxiliar no processo de análise e tomada de decisão por parte dos profissionais. Para isso, serão apresentadas três técnicas de visualização para análise de dados multidimensionais em dispositivos móveis, em dois estudos de casos distintos, sendo o primeiro baseado em dados de simulação de diagênese de reservatórios e o segundo em uma base de estatísticas de acidentes de trânsito em estradas dos EUA no período de 1975 a 2007.<br>Throughout the time, in consequence of workstations and personal computers, the software and hardware takes focus at various research areas around the world due the possibility to reduce the size of computers and doesn't compromises the performance of applications. One of areas that takes advantage from it is Information Visualization due the fallen of costs of hardware components and the improving of graphics cards, the data visual analysis that could be done only in workstations, today, is possible uses the personal computers. Now days, such personal computers can be replaced by mobile devices, e.g., tablets and cellphones since the performance of those devices is equivalent or, in some cases, better than PCs. Thereby, the Information Visualization area can be explored in mobile devices allowing companies and research labs to analyses different types of data and various contexts and geographic location that they are. Working in this context fits in order to explore techniques of Information Visualization that use the main resources of mobile devices interactive and simple mode. We hope to support the analysis process and decision making of users. In this work we are going to presents three techniques of Information Visualization for analysis the multidimensional database in mobile device, since that each one of these will be exemplified in two distinct cases of study. One of this is part of Petrobras Project at UFRGS and the next in a Fatality Analysis Reporting System of railroads at US between 1975 and 2007.
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Bělín, Jan. "Interaktivní manipulace s 3D objekty se silovou zpětnou vazbou." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236678.
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Physical haptic interaction is added to the modern manipulation with objects in virtual space. In content of this master's thesis the haptic technology is represented by SensAble Phantom Omni device and OpenHaptics toolkit, which is related to the device. Reader is initially introduced into mathematical basics of manipulation and into haptic technology history including current state. The introduction into Openhaptics toolkit follows as well as HDAPI and HLAPI libraries description. As a result of this theoretical basics demo aplications have been created, that show basic and advanced abilities of the Phantom Omni device. Demos represent the functionality of the device as examples integrating well-known elementary physical laws and events.
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Bergé, Louis-Pierre. "Couplage de techniques d'interaction avancées avec des environnements virtuels 3D interactifs." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30136/document.
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Les travaux de cette thèse s'inscrivent à la frontière entre deux domaines de recherche complémentaires : le domaine des Environnements Virtuels 3D (EV3D) issus de l'Informatique Graphique (IG) et de la Réalité Virtuelle (RV) et le domaine de l'Interaction Homme-Machine (IHM). Ils s'appuient sur trois constats. D'une part, on observe une place grandissante des EV3D dans notre quotidien (jeux vidéo, jeux sérieux, e-commerce, dans les musées, à travers le web et sur les dispositifs mobiles). D'autre part, les IHM se complexifient notamment avec l'apparition de formes avancées d'interaction comme l'informatique ambiante, l'interaction tangible, ou encore l'interaction spatiale et gestuelle, et s'accompagne d'une diversification des dispositifs d'interaction (souris 3D, la Wiimote, la Kinect, le Leap Motion). Enfin, la conception de techniques d'interaction avancées avec des EV3D fait apparaitre des considérations différentes prises en compte par les communautés des domaines EV3D et IHM. Par conséquent, tirer profit des considérations les plus récentes des communautés EV3D (métaphores, qualité de l'interaction 3D) et IHM (formes avancées de technique d'interaction) se traduit par un besoin de développer le couplage entre formes avancées de technique d'interaction et EV3D. Dans ce contexte, l'objectif de ces travaux de thèse est de contribuer à l'essor des environnements 3D interactifs dans de multiples situations, et notamment des situations grand public, en adoptant une approche visant à faire converger les approches 3D et IHM pour mieux établir le couplage de Techniques d'Interaction Avancées avec des Environnements Virtuels 3D Interactifs. Après une analyse des méthodes de conception de techniques d'interaction pour les EV3D, une première contribution de nos travaux consiste en un cadre de conception de l'interaction 3D. En y agrégeant les problématiques issues de la 3D et de l'IHM, ce cadre de conception permet d'identifier les différents éléments de couplages impliqués lors d'une interaction avec un EV3D. Il se base sur l'analyse des liens entre les tâches utilisateurs et les éléments de l'EV3D impactés par ces tâches. Afin de caractériser finement chaque lien, nous avons introduit la notation 3DIM (3D Interaction Modality) qui décrit les caractéristiques des différents éléments constituant une " modalité d'interaction 3D " permettant la réalisation d'une tâche d'interaction de l'utilisateur dans un EV3D. Nous avons regroupé ces éléments en 6 blocs : l'utilisateur, les actions physiques, les objets physiques manipulés, les dispositifs utilisés, les comportements 3D et les éléments 3D. Nous complétons ce cadre conceptuel par des propriétés analytiques qui permettent de guider le concepteur et procurent ainsi un caractère descriptif, évaluatif et génératif à notre modèle conceptuel de techniques d'interaction avancées pour des EV3D. Dans la cadre d'une collaboration avec le musée de l'observatoire du Pic du Midi, une mise en œuvre de ce cadre nous a conduit à concevoir et développer des techniques d'interaction tangibles et basées smartphone. Ces techniques sont utilisées par les visiteurs du musée dans un EV3D représentatif du Télescope Bernard Lyot pour l'explorer et comprendre son fonctionnement. Nous avons mené trois évaluations utilisateur afin d'explorer l'usage d'un smartphone utilisé de trois manière différentes : comme dispositif tactile, comme un objet tangible ou comme support pour une interaction gestuelle autour du dispositif pour naviguer, sélectionner ou manipuler un objet 3D dans un EV3D affiché sur un grand écran distant<br>The work of this thesis fit on the boundary between two complementary research areas: the field of 3D Virtual Environment (3DVE) from Computer Graphics (CG) and Virtual Reality (RV) and the field of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). They rely on three assessments. Firstly, we observe that 3DVE takes more importance in our daily life (video games, serious games, e-commerce, museums, through the web and on mobile devices). Secondly, HCI becomes more complex with the emergence of advance forms of interaction like ambient computing, tangible interaction or spatial and gestural interactions. This evolution goes along with a diversification of devices (3D mouse, the Wiimote, the Kinect or the Leap Motion). Thirdly, the design of interaction techniques with 3DVE brings up some different considerations taken into account by the communities in the field of 3DVE and HCI. Therefore, take advantage of the latest considerations of EV3D communities (metaphors, quality of 3D interaction) and HCI (advance forms of interaction) results in the need to develop the coupling between advance forms of interaction techniques and EV3D. In this context, the objective of this thesis work is to contribute to the development of interactive 3D environments in multiple situations, including large audience situations. The approach we developed aimed to create a bridge between 3D and HCI design considerations. We intend to improve the coupling of advance interaction techniques with interactive 3D virtual environment. After analyzing methods for the design of interaction techniques for 3DVE, a first contribution consists in a design framework of 3D interaction. This framework aggregates design issues stem from 3D and HCI and help the designer to identify several elements involve in the coupling of interaction with a 3DVE. This design framework is based on the analysis of the links between user tasks and elements of the 3DVE impacted by these tasks. In order to precisely characterize each link, we have introduced the 3DIM (3D Interaction Modality) notation that describes the characteristics of the different elements constituting a "3D Interaction Modality" for the accomplishment of a user's interaction task in a 3DVE. We have grouped these elements into six blocks: the user, the physical actions, the physical objects, the input devices, the 3D behaviors and the 3D interactive objects. We complete our framework with analytical properties for guiding the designer and provide descriptive, evaluative and generative power at our conceptual model of advanced interaction techniques for 3DVE. Collaborating with the Museum of "Le Pic du Midi" observatory in France, we used our framework to design and implement tangible interaction and technique based on smartphone usage. Museum visitors can use these techniques in a 3DVE of the "Telescope Bernard Lyot" to explore and understand its functioning. We have conducted three users' studies in order to explore the design space of using a smartphone to interact with 3DVE. We used the smartphone in different ways to navigate, select and manipulate a 3D object displayed on a large remote screen. We explored several design solutions with a smartphone as a touch device, as a tangible object or mid-air interaction around the device
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Garcia, Perez Delabat Javier. "PCL-Calcium Phosphate 3D Printed Scaffolds For Bone Tissue Regeneration." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-81735.
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The design and selection of a biomaterial will depend on its specific application and the required properties for that application, both mechanical physicochemical properties. Biomaterials can be extremely helpful in order to treat and help the human body to heal and repair faster any kind of fracture produced in bones. Calcium phosphate scaffolds produced by sol-gel procedures have been used for this purpose with a great success regarding mechanical properties and biocompatibility. This is the reason why new techniques needs to be developed to be able to produce scaffolds in a faster way and to reach a personalized treatment to each patient. By using 3D printing techniques, a new and promising scope is open for bone tissue engineering due to the possibility of printing scaffolds with any shape and complexity through CAD design and modelling. In this project 3D printed scaffolds with a matrix combination of polymers and calcium phosphate will be produced and studied for bone tissue regeneration. Self-setting alpha tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) based cement inks combined with polycaprolactone (PCL) were optimized, and 3D printed structure scaffolds were successfully generated by direct ink writing. Afterwards, the scaffolds were subjected to different hardening processes in order to obtain different hydroxyapatite microstructure morphologies and were characterised by different methodologies. It was demonstrated the important effect of obtaining a complete transformation from the α-TCP into hydroxyapatite in the mechanical properties. An improvement in the mechanical properties at compression was achieved with the addition of PCL within the scaffold ́s structure and a different fracture mode of the scaffolds was observed.
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Alzoubi, Khawla Ali. "NANO-ELECTRO-MECHANICAL SWITCH (NEMS) FOR ULTRA-LOW POWER PORTABLE EMBEDDED SYSTEM APPLICATIONS: ANALYSIS, DESIGN, MODELING, AND CIRCUIT SIMULATION." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1278511770.
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Patel, Jalpa A. "Commissioning and Implementation of an EPID Based IMRT QA System “Dosimetry Check” for 3D Absolute Dose Measurements and Quantitative Comparisons to MapCheck." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1288918801.
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Rušar, Filip. "Univerzální úsťové zařízení na útočnou pušku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-318834.
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This diploma thesis deals with the design of a universal muzzle device for the assault rifle. The device is designed to produce Selective Laser Melting. The main objective is the elimination negative effects of gunshot. The paper explores possibilities of using porous structures for this type of equipment. The influence of individual types of porous structures on the flow of gases is monitored. The universal muzzle device itself is optimized using CFD analyzes. The device was made using SLM technology and experimentally verified. His impact on the impact, gun lift, noise and flame elimination was investigated.
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Baker, Victoria Isabelle. "3D Commutation-Loop Design Methodology for a SiC Based Matrix Converter run in Step-up mode with PCB Aluminum Nitride Cooling Inlay." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104361.
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This work investigates three-dimensional power loop layout for application to a SiC based matrix converter, providing a symmetric, low-inductance solution. The thesis presents various layout types to achieve this design target, and details the implementation of a hybrid layout to the matrix converter phase-leg. This layout is more easily achievable with a surface-mount device package, which also offers benefits such as ease in manufacturing, and a compact package. In order to implement a surface-mount device, a PCB thermal management strategy should be utilized. An evaluation of these methods is also presented in the work. The final power loop solution that implements an aluminum nitride inlay is evaluated through simulated parasitic extraction and experimental double pulse tests. The layout achieves small, symmetric loop inductances. Finally, the full power, three-phase matrix converter demonstrates the successful implementation of this power loop layout.<br>Master of Science<br>In the United States, 40% primary energy consumption comes from electricity generation, which is the fastest growing form of end-use energy. Industries such as commercial airlines are increasing their use of electric energy, while phasing out the mechanical and pneumatic aircraft components, as they offer better performance and lower cost. Thus, implementation of high efficiency, electrical system can reduce energy consumption, fuel consumption and carbon emissions [1]. As more systems rely on this electric power, the conversion from one level of power (voltage and current) to another, is critical.
In the quest to develop high efficiency power converters, wide bandgap semiconductor devices are being turned to. These devices, specifically Silicon Carbide (SiC) devices, offer high temperature and high voltage operation that a traditional Silicon (Si) device cannot. Coupled with fast switching transients, these metal oxide semiconductors field effect transistors (MOSFETs), could provide higher levels of efficiency and power density.
This work investigates the benefits of a three-dimensional (3D) printed circuit board (PCB) layout. With this type of layout, a critical parasitic – inductance – can be minimized. As the SiC device can operate at high switching speeds, they incur higher di/dt, and dv/dt slew rates. If trace inductance is not minimal, overshoots and ringing will occur. This can be addressed by stacking PCB traces on top of one another, the induced magnetic field can be reduced. In turn, the system inductance is lowered as well. The reduction of this parameter in the system, reduces the overshoot and ringing.
This particular work applies this technique to a 15kW matrix converter. This converter poses a particular design challenge as there are a large number of devices, which can lead to longer, higher inductance PCB traces. The goal of this work is to minimize the parasitic inductance in this converter for high efficiency, high power density operation.
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Topham, David. "The conceptual design of 3D miniaturised/integrated products as examined through the development of a novel red blood cell/plasma separation device." Thesis, Brunel University, 2016. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/13374.
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The aim of this research is to examine the conceptual design issues concerned with integrating product capabilities that can only be generated at the micro- scale (through feature sizes generally of the order of 100nm to 100μm) directly into 3-dimensional products at the macro-scale. Such macro-scale products could accordingly contain internal devices that are too small to be seen or touched by unaided human designers, which begs the question as to how to enable designers to work with objects which are beyond direct human experience, and how can the necessary collective discussion take place within teams of designers, and between these teams and those responsible for product manufacture? This thesis examines and tests a concept that theoretical 2-dimensional diagrams of function may be transformed into 3-dimensional working structures using procedures allied to those used by graphic designers to create solid objects from 2-dimensional prototype geometries through, for example, extrusion or rotation. Applying such procedures to theoretical diagrams in order to transform them into scalable 3-dimensional devices is not yet in general use at the macro-scale, but with increasing recognition of the unique capabilities of the micro- scale the idea may grow in appeal to alleviate the difficulties of conceiving of functional structures that, when built, will be too small to experience directly. Furthermore this design method, through its basis upon a common currency of functional diagrams, may overcome many of the problems of describing and discussing the design and manufacture of normally intangible objects in 3 dimensions. Finally, it is shown through the example of a novel Red Blood Cell / Plasma Separation Device that the geometric transformation process can lead to the design of functional structures which would not readily be arrived at intuitively, and that may be effectively and efficiently integrated into host products.
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Cayron, Audrey. "Intégration de dispositifs passifs 3D compacts et performants.Application à la réalisation d’une matrice de Butler 4×4 en bande Ka." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ISAT0006.
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La complexité des systèmes RF intégrés pour les applications sans fil grand public s’accroit, et exige de revisiter l’intégration des circuits passifs RF et microondes. De nouvelles solutions offrant plus de compacité et de performance doivent être recherchées, avec un coût de fabrication qui doit rester faible. Parmi celles-ci, une filière technologique 3D de type « Integrated Passive Devices » (IPD) est développée au LAAS CNRS et par la société 3DiS Technologies depuis plusieurs années. Après avoir démontré les capacités de la technologie pour l’intégration de solénoïdes extrêmement compacts et performants, le travail présenté dans ce manuscrit ajoute l’intégration des condensateurs pour faire évoluer la technologie vers la fabrication de fonctions passives RF complexes.Le manuscrit s’articule en trois chapitres. Une première partie dresse une revue des procédés technologiques existants pour la fabrication de systèmes RF et met en évidence l’importance de disposer de composants passifs compacts et performants pour pouvoir intégrer les circuits MMIC. Dans ce contexte, nous présentons les avantages apportés par une solution d’intégration 3D bas coût telle que celle proposée. Dans une deuxième partie, nous présentons le développement de condensateurs Métal Isolant Métal (MIM). Les caractérisations montrent que les condensateurs présentent des performances équivalentes à celles recensées dans la littérature avec de très bons coefficients de qualités. Nous appliquons ensuite la technologie 3D complète à la réalisation de deux transformateurs adaptés en impédance 50 ohms en utilisant des condensateurs. Le procédé technologique de fabrication des deux circuits est décrit. Dans la bande d’adaptation, les circuits fabriqués et caractérisés affichent des pertes en transmission équivalentes aux pertes théoriques minimales estimées à partir du gain disponible maximum des transformateurs. Ces résultats confirment les bonnes performances des condensateurs MIM développés qui introduisent des pertes minimes pour les circuits fabriqués. Aucun problème de fabrication n’est relevé pour les transformateurs adaptés, ce qui permet de valider le procédé technologique complet pour l’intégration de condensateurs et de solénoïdes.Sur la base de ces résultats, le dernier chapitre est consacré au développement d’une matrice de Butler 4×4 destinée à piloter un faisceau de quatre éléments rayonnants en visant la 5G comme contexte applicatif. Des pertes en transmissions inférieures à 3,5 dB et un écart sur les déphasages en sorties de 16° sont relevés pour une large bande passante de 24 GHz à 29 GHz. Ces résultats de mesure sont à l’état de l’art et surpassent les solutions existantes, en particulier au niveau de la surface occupée de seulement 0,84 mm2. Ces résultats démontrent le potentiel de la technologie 3D à réaliser un compromis innovant entre densité d’intégration et performances<br>The complexity of embedded RF systems in consumer wireless applications is increasing, and requires to improve the integration of RF and microwave passive circuits. New solutions that offer more compactness and performance have to be developed, while maintaining a low manufacturing cost. Among Integrated Passive Devices (IPD) technologies, a 3-D technology has been developed at the LAAS CNRS and by 3DiS Technologies for several years. Results demonstrate that the manufactured solenoids exhibit high compactness and high-performance. This PhD thesis aims to develop the integration process of capacitors in order to evolve the technology towards the fabrication of complex passive RF functions.The manuscript is divided into three chapters. The first chapter reviews the technological processes that enable the manufacture of RF systems and highlights the challenges for integrating high-performance passive components. It also presents the advantages of a low-cost 3-D integration solution such as the one proposed. In the second chapter, we present the development of Metal Insulator Metal (MIM) capacitors. The characterization result show that capacitors present performances equivalent to those identified in the literature with high quality factors. We then manufacture two transformers matched to 50 ohms using capacitors. The technological process is described. The manufactured and measured circuits show that transmission losses are close to those obtained at the maximum available gain of the transformers. These results confirm the good performance of the developed capacitors since they introduce minimal losses for the manufactured circuits. No technological problems are encountered during the manufacturing of the two transformers, which validates the complete technological process for the integration of capacitors and solenoid.Based on these results, we present in the last chapter the development of a 4×4 Butler matrix dedicated to 5G beamforming applications. In a large bandwidth ranging from 24 GHz to 29 GHz, insertion losses for the four outputs of the matrix are under 3.5 dB and the phase difference between the outputs are reached with a deviation of less than 16°. The measured results are at the state of the art and overcome those of the existing IPD solutions, in particular for the occupied aera that does not exceed 0.84 mm2. These performances allow us to conclude on the potential of 3-D IPD technology to achieve an excellent compromise between integration density and performance
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Fältskog, Andreas. "Efficient user interaction for clinical diagnosis using digital volume images." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-12346.
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<p>Medical imaging is going through a continuous development leading to more available information for the reviewing doctors. The information is a powerful tool in the strive to make reliable diagnosis but it can also be a challenge for the doctor to make use of all the information. This thesis investigates if the computer-based review workplace can be made more efficient using other input devices than the traditional mouse and keyboard. To acquire knowledge about the existing user interactions six interviews have been conducted at two Swedish hospitals. In the thesis a 3D mouse has been integrated into Sectra's review workstation to show what value a complementary device can bring.</p><p>The interviews show that the doctors are quite satisfied with the existing workplace but there are areas of improvement. This together with the integration of the 3D mouse gives a hint about the complexity of finding a device that adds enough value to take place on the reviewing doctor's desk.</p>
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Micout, Jessy. "Fabrication et caractérisation de transistor réalisée à basse température pour l'intégration 3D séquentielle." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAT008/document.
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La réduction des dimensions des dispositifs MOSFET devient de plus en plus complexe a réalisé, et les nouvelles technologies MOSFET se confrontent à de fortes difficultés. Pour surmonter ce problème, une nouvelle technique, appelée intégration 3D VLSI, est étudiée : remplacer la structure plane conventionnelle par un empilement vertical de transistors.En particulier, l’intégration 3D séquentielle ou CoolCube™ au CEA-Leti permet de profiter pleinement de la troisième dimension en fabriquant séquentiellement les transistors. La réalisation d’une telle intégration apporte une nouvelle contrainte, celle de fabriquer le transistor du dessus avec un budget thermique faible (inférieur à 500°C), afin de préserver les performances du transistor d'en dessous. Puisque ce budget thermique est principalement influencé par l'activation des dopants, plusieurs techniques innovatrices sont actuellement investiguées au CEA-LETI, afin de fabriquer le drain et la source. Dans ce manuscrit, nous utiliserons la recristallisation en phase solide comme mécanisme pour activer les dopants (inférieures à 600 °C). L’objectif de cette thèse est donc de fabriquer et de caractériser des transistors dont l’activation des dopants est réalisée grâce à ce mécanisme, afin d’atteindre des performances similaires à des transistors réalisés avec un budget thermique standard. Ce travail est organisé autour de l’activation des dopants, et en trois chapitres, où chaque chapitre est spécifique à une intégration (« Extension Last »/ « Extension First », « Gate Last »/ « Gate First ») et à une architecture (FDSOI, FINFET) considérées. Ces chapitre permettront, grâce aux caractérisations électriques, morphologiques et aux simulations, de développer un procédé de recristallisation stable à 500°C, à la fois pour les nMOS et les pMOS, et de proposer de nouveaux schémas d’intégrations, afin de réaliser des transistors à faible budget thermique et compatibles avec l’intégration 3D Séquentielle<br>The down scaling of MOSFET device is becoming harder and the development of future generation of MOSFET technology is facing some strong difficulties. To overcome this issue, the vertical stacking of MOSFET in replacement of the conventional planar structure is currently investigated. This technique, called 3D VLSI integration, attracts a lot of attention, in research and in the industry. Indeed, this sequential stacking of transistor enables to gain in density and performance without reducing transistors dimensions.More specifically, 3D sequential integration or CoolCube™ at CEA-Leti enables to fully benefit of the third dimension by sequentially manufacturing transistors. Implementing such an integration provides the new constraint of manufacturing top transistor with low thermal budget (below 500°C) in order to preserve bottom-transistor performances. As most of the thermal budget is due to the dopant activation, several innovative techniques are currently investigated at CEA-LETI.In this work, solid phase epitaxy regrowth will be used as the mechanism to activate dopants below 600°C. The aim of this thesis is thus to manufacture and to characterize transistors with low-temperature dopant activation, in order to reach the same performance as devices manufactured with standard thermal budget. The work is organized around the dopant activation, and in three chapters, according to each considered integration scheme (Extension Last/ Extension First, Gate Last/ Gate First) and architecture (FDSOI, FINFET). These chapters, assisted by relevant simulations, electrical and morphological characterizations, will enable to develop a new and stable 500°C recrystallization process for both N and P FETs, and to propose new integration schemes in order to manufacture transistors with low thermal budget and compatible with the 3D sequential integration
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Serrano, Carole. "Impression 3D de dispositifs médicaux utilisés en chirurgie : quelles recommandations pour l’élaboration d’un modèle d’évaluation médico-économique ? Benefits of 3D printing applications in jaw reconstruction : A systematic review and meta-analysis Evaluation of 3D printing costs in surgery : a systematic review." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASQ024.
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L’impression 3D est une technologie permettant la fabrication d’un objet par additions successives de couches de matériaux. Cette technologie trouve de nombreuses applications dans le domaine de la santé : bio-impression de tissus et d’organes, fabrication de médicaments ou encore production de dispositifs médicaux sur mesure. Ces quinze dernières années, la production de modèles anatomiques, de guides chirurgicaux et d’implants adaptés à l’anatomie du patient s’est développée de façon exponentielle dans toutes les spécialités chirurgicales. Néanmoins, la question de son évaluation clinique et médico-économique reste entière. L’objectif de ce travail est de proposer des recommandations visant à élaborer un modèle d’évaluation médico-économique qui prendrait en compte les spécificités de cette technologie. Nous avons pu démontrer que les modèles médico-économiques existants ne conviennent pas pour évaluer un dispositif imprimé en 3D, en mettant notamment en avant l’importance de l’évaluation de l’impact organisationnel. Ainsi, nous proposons dix recommandations essentielles à prendre en compte pour la conception d’un modèle d’étude de dispositifs médicaux imprimés en 3D<br>3D printing is a technology that allows the production of an object by additions of materials layers by layers. This technology has many applications in healthcare: bio-printing of tissues and organs, manufacture of medicines or production of customised medical devices. Over the last fifteen years, the production of anatomical models, surgical guides and implants adapted to the patient's anatomy has grown exponentially in all surgical domains. Nevertheless, the question of its clinical and economic evaluation remains unanswered. The objective of this work is to propose several recommendations for designing an economic evaluation model that would take into account the numerous specificities of this technology. We underlined that existing models are not suitable for evaluating a 3D printed device, in particular by highlighting the importance of organisational impact assessment. Thus, we suggested ten key recommendations to be taken into account when designing a study model for 3D printed medical devices
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Li, Fei [Verfasser], Oliver G. [Akademischer Betreuer] Schmidt, Oliver G. [Gutachter] Schmidt, and Feng [Gutachter] Zhu. "The Road towards Integrated Micro-Supercapacitor: From 2D to 3D Device Geometries / Fei Li ; Gutachter: Oliver G. Schmidt, Feng Zhu ; Betreuer: Oliver G. Schmidt." Chemnitz : Technische Universität Chemnitz, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1235661512/34.
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Cohé, Aurélie. "Manipulation de contenu 3D sur des surfaces tactiles." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00789111.
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Les surfaces tactiles ayant connu un grand essor ces dernières années, le grand public les utilise quotidiennement pour de multiples tâches, telles que la consultation d'e-mail, la manipulation de photos, etc. En revanche, très peu d'applications 3D existent sur ces dispositifs, alors que de telles applications pourraient avoir un grand potentiel dans des domaines variés, telles que la culture, l'architecture, ou encore l'archéologie. La difficulté majeure pour ce type d'applications est d'interagir avec un espace défini en trois dimensions à partir d'une modalité d'interaction définie en deux dimensions. Les travaux effectués dans cette thèse explorent l'association entre surfaces tactiles et manipulation de contenu 3D pour le grand public. Les premières études ont été réalisées afin de comprendre comment l'utilisateur réagit pour manipuler un objet virtuel 3D avec une surface tactile sans lui imposer de techniques d'interaction particulières. De par les connaissances acquises sur les utilisateurs, les travaux suivants présentent l'élaboration de nouvelles techniques d'interaction ainsi que leur évaluation.
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Elias, Eyad. "L'utilisation de la 3D : enjeux et limites dans la pratique du projet, de la conception à la communication." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1039.
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Le travail de cette thèse se focalise sur le rôle de l’espace de la représentation comme un univers d’actions pour conduire la conception et l’aboutissement du projet d’aménagement et d’architecture. Il vise à renouveler les questions sur la scène actuelle de la pratique professionnelle au regard de la mutation permanente des outils de la visualisation mis en pratique. L’approche proposée par cette thèse est d’ordre systémique-compréhensive et tente de tisser des liens entre la nature de la pratique de la conception comme pratique basée de plus en plus sur des démarches collaboratives et la nature des dispositifs numériques comme univers fondés sur l’interactivité et la virtualité. Le premier univers est attaché au facteur humain, aux relations entre le praticien, son statut professionnel et les acteurs du projet ; le deuxième a pour entité l’idéalisation et l’artificialité du système numérique conçu pour répondre aux pratiques. Entre ces deux univers se place le modèle de l’utilisation, comme modèle invisible qui se forme par la conjonction entre une culture du projet et une culture numérique. Trois approches guident l’enquête ethnographique menée auprès des praticiens : une approche par l’« architecte-agence » comme entité qui a tendance à forger une identité professionnelle par la « production » et par le développement de compétences adaptées à la mutation de la profession ; une approche par le « projet » qui le présente comme environnement « organisateur » conditionnant le travail et le déroulement de la conception ; et une dernière approche par l’« appropriation » de la 3D comme phénomène que nous avons visé à identifier dès le démarrage de nos recherches<br>This thesis focuses on the role of the environment of the representation, as an important sphere which leads the conception, and the development of architectural project. It aims to analyze the actual professional practice, and also the permanent evolution of the displayed tools used in these domains. The approach proposed by this thesis is based on a systematic-comprehensive matter, this approach try to develop links between the conception (as a first universe based on a collaboration between partners) and a second universe of numeric tools (marked by the interactivity and the vitality). The conception universe is attached to the human factor, to the relations between the practitioner, its professional status and the actors of the project, however the numeric environment presents a second universe based on the idealization and the artificiality of the digital system. The model of the use takes place between these two universes, as an invisible model which forms by the conjunction between a project’s culture and a numerical culture. Three approaches guide the ethnographical analyses realized with the practitioners: the first approach presents the “architect-agency” which develops a professional identity based on the “production” and on the development of adapted specific skills; the second approach concerns “the project” which is presented like a sphere influencing the work and the progress of the conception; the third and last approach is the use of 3D conception as a phenomenon which we aimed to identify in our research
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Turkovič, Matúš. "Porovnání návrhu plynem izolované rozvodny ve 2D a 3D prostředí ve fázi nabídky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-318400.
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This thesis deals with the design of gas insulated switchgear produced in company ABB s.r.o. Theoretically describes the basics of project engineering in the 2D and 3D environments as well as the construction, partition and properties of the switchgear substations. In thesis is included practical designs and comparison of a gas insulated switchgear draft in 2D and 3D interface in the offer phase.
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Smith, Ross Travers. "Digital foam: a 3D input device." 2009. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/unisa:40755.
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This dissertation investigates deformable computer input device technologies to facilitate capturing complex physical-world gestures. By capturing the physical gestures and using appropriate haptics, it is possible to create virtual models using pinching and squeezing gestures similar to those used when sculpting clay. To date, most desktop modelling applications employ pointing devices that capture a single cursor location to manipulate a model with tedious sequential steps. One reason for this is developers have focused efforts on adopting applications to work with generic two-dimensional pointing devices, such as a mouse or digitising tablet. This is due to the difficulty of developing three-dimensional input technologies. In particular, deformable sensors capable of capturing natural sculpting techniques are undeveloped.<br>PhD Doctorate
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Yang, Yen-Sheng, and 楊晏昇. "Development of the 3D Volume Calculating Device." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24447560792429113926.
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碩士<br>國立臺灣科技大學<br>機械工程系<br>100<br>The purpose of this development is to create a 3D volume calculating device for the industrial use to acquire the huge volume of the ultra large-sized scrap or the highly piled-up discarded metal material in the factory. Considering the specific working conditions in this research, the design concept of the system configuration hence focuses on the industrial advantages which include those of a small and portable volume, a detachable mechanical structure, a relatively lower cost and a more apt way of control.
By combining the 3D scanning technologies with the following components of the laser distance measurement sensor (LDM301) as well as the accurate real-time positioning pan-tilt unit (PTU-D46-17), coupled with the proper control and the specific volume algorithm from the computer programming language along with the extraction of the color information from the Full HD (1080p) camera, the main objective to calculate the volume of a certain target shall therefore be accomplished in this study.
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Wei, Ting-You, and 魏廷祐. "Development of 3D silver electrodes for dielectrophoretic device." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33072049021564253623.
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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>應用力學研究所<br>99<br>A high throughput micro-nano-particle separation device with 3D-electrodes was fabricated in this study.The 3D electrodes were fabricated to provide dielectrophoresis (DEP) force by using the combination of silver mirror reaction and microfluidic laminar flow patterning technique.Only one photomask was required during the fabrication process without additional vacuum-based metal deposition processs. Silver mirror reaction solutions were prepared and injected separately into a microchannel. The optimal deposition condition was tested and two parallel 3D electrodes were successfully formed at the liquid –liquid interfaces. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)were purified by DEP force according to the electrical characteristics. Raman spectroscopy, ratio, and current-voltage measurements were utilized to compare the purification performance between 3-D electrodes and plannar electrodes. From the experimental results, when we used 3D electrodes to pure MWCNTs, the ratio of conducting MWCNTs could be reduced to 0.71. It was lower than ratio of using planar electrodes. Moreover, current of conducting MWCNTs was increased by 3D electrodes. It shows that 3D electrodes could provide higher purification.
In this study, we have developed a simple and rapid method to deposit 3D electrodes. The advantages of 3D electrodes are the reduction of applied voltage and Joule heating due to high thickness. This work has been able to attain higher purification for such a lap-on-a-chip application.