Artykuły w czasopismach: „333.9/5”

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Kerr, Zachary Y., Susan W. Yeargin, Aristarque Djoko, Sara L. Dalton, Melissa M. Baker i Thomas P. Dompier. "Examining Play Counts and Measurements of Injury Incidence in Youth Football". Journal of Athletic Training 52, nr 10 (1.10.2017): 955–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-52.7.06.

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Context: Whereas researchers have provided estimates for the number of head impacts sustained within a youth football season, less is known about the number of plays across which such impact exposure occurs.Objective: To estimate the number of plays in which youth football players participated during the 2013 season and to estimate injury incidence through play-based injury rates.Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.Setting: Youth football.Patients or Other Participants: Youth football players (N = 2098; age range, 5−15 years) from 105 teams in 12 recreational leagues across 6 states.Main Outcome Measure(s): We calculated the average number of athlete-plays per season and per game using independent-samples t tests to compare age groups (5–10 years old versus 11–15 years old) and squad sizes (<20 versus ≥20 players); game injury rates per 1000 athlete-exposures (AEs) and per 10 000 athlete-plays; and injury rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to compare age groups.Results: On average, youth football players participated in 333.9 ± 178.5 plays per season and 43.9 ± 24.0 plays per game. Age groups (5- to 10-year-olds versus 11- to 15-year-olds) did not differ in the average number of plays per season (335.8 versus 332.3, respectively; t2086.4 = 0.45, P = .65) or per game (44.1 versus 43.7, respectively; t2092.3 = 0.38, P = .71). However, players from smaller teams participated in more plays per season (373.7 versus 308.0; t1611.4 = 8.15, P < .001) and per game (47.7 versus 41.4; t1523.5 = 5.67, P < .001). Older players had a greater game injury rate than younger players when injury rates were calculated per 1000 AEs (23.03 versus 17.86/1000 AEs; IRR = 1.29; 95% CI = 1.04, 1.60) or per 10 000 athlete-plays (5.30 versus 4.18/10 000 athlete-plays; IRR = 1.27; 95% CI = 1.02, 1.57).Conclusions: A larger squad size was associated with a lower average number of plays per season and per game. Increasing youth football squad sizes may help reduce head-impact exposure for individual players. The AE-based injury rates yielded effect estimates similar to those of play-based injury rates.

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Alausa, Shamsideen K., Bayo Adeyeloja i Kola Odunaike. "Radiological Impact Assessment of Farm Soils and Ofada rice (Oryza sativa japonica) from Three Areas in Nigeria". Baghdad Science Journal 17, nr 3(Suppl.) (8.09.2020): 1080. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2020.17.3(suppl.).1080.

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Oryza sativa japonica (ofada rice) is largely grown in Aramoko, Abakaliki and Ofada are communities and consumed by both the poor and rich in Nigeria. A total of twenty ofada rice farmlands were identified in each study area and rice samples were randomly collected, thoroughly mixed to make a representative sample from each farmland. Soil samples were collected in each farm to a depth of 5-15cm from at least eight different points and thoroughly mixed together to form a representative sample. The samples were thereafter taken to the laboratory for preparation and spectroscopic analysis. A well-calibrated NaI(Tl) gamma-ray detector was used in spectrometric analysis of the samples and descriptive statistics was used to analyze the results. The respective mean 40K, 238U and 232Th activity concentrations in the rice were 261.8±52.5Bq/kg, 9.6±1.2Bq/kg and 8.7±1.0Bq/kg (Ofada); 257.3±39.0Bq/kg, 9.3±1.1Bq/kg and 7.8±1.8Bq/kg (Abakaliki); and 248.2±54.8Bq/kg, 9.3±0.9Bq/kg and 7.6±1.5Bq/kg (Aramoko). The respective mean 40K, 238U and 232Th activity concentrations in the soils were 333.9±62.8Bq/kg, 11.1±1.1Bq/kg and 11.0±1.4Bq/kg (Ofada); 306.8±36.0Bq/kg, 10.7±0.8Bq/kg and 9.4±1.8 Bq/kg (Abakaliki) and 321.8±42.4Bq/kg, 10.9±0.5Bq/kg and 9.5±0.6Bq/kg (Aramoko). The highest mean ingestion dose of 106.0±8.0µSv/y and outdoor effective dose of 32.4±3.40µSv/y were recorded in Ofada community. The highest mean ingestion cancer risk of (0.33±0.004) x10-3was recorded in Aramoko. The results indicated significantly lower radionuclide ingestion dose than the world limit value of 290µSv/y and lower cancer risks than the UNSCEAR recommended limit of 0.29x10-3, therefore consumption of ofada rice from the areas may not pose any serious health impact.

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Olszewska, Monika A., Joanna Kolodziejczyk-Czepas, Magdalena Rutkowska, Anna Magiera, Piotr Michel, Marcin W. Rejman, Pawel Nowak i Aleksandra Owczarek. "The Effect of Standardised Flower Extracts of Sorbus aucuparia L. on Proinflammatory Enzymes, Multiple Oxidants, and Oxidative/Nitrative Damage of Human Plasma Components In Vitro". Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2019 (4.02.2019): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9746358.

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Polyphenol-rich plant extracts might alleviate the negative impact of oxidative stress and inflammation, but careful phytochemical standardisation and evaluation of various mechanisms are required to fully understand their effects. In this context, flower extracts of Sorbus aucuparia L.—a traditional medicinal plant—were investigated in the present work. The LC-MS/MS profiling of the extracts, obtained by fractionated extraction, led to the identification of 66 constituents, mostly flavonols (quercetin and sexangularetin glycosides with dominating isoquercitrin), pseudodepsides of quinic and shikimic acids (prevailing isomers of chlorogenic acid and cynarin), and flavanols (catechins and proanthocyanidins). Minor extract components of possible chemotaxonomic value were flavalignans (cinchonain I isomers) and phenylamides (spermidine derivatives). As assessed by HPLC-PDA and UV-spectrophotometric studies, the extracts were polyphenol-abundant, with the contents up to 597.6 mg/g dry weight (dw), 333.9 mg/g dw, 382.0 mg/g dw, and 169.0 mg/g dw of total phenolics, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, and caffeoylquinic acids, respectively. Their biological in vitro effects were phenolic-dependent and the strongest for diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol fractions of the methanol-water (7 : 3, v/v) extract. The extracts showed significant, concentration-dependent ability to scavenge in vivo-relevant radical/oxidant agents (O2∙−, OH∙, H2O2, ONOO–, NO∙, and HClO) with the strongest effects towards OH∙, ONOO–, HClO, and O2∙− (compared to ascorbic acid). Moreover, the extracts efficiently inhibited lipoxygenase and hyaluronidase (compared to indomethacin) but were inactive towards xanthine oxidase. At in vivo-relevant levels (1-5 μg/mL), they also effectively protected human plasma components (proteins and lipids) against ONOO–-induced oxidative damage (reduced the levels of 3-nitrotyrosine, lipid hydroperoxides, and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances) and normalised/enhanced the total nonenzymatic antioxidant capacity of plasma. In cytotoxicity tests, the extracts did not affect the viability of human PBMCs and might be regarded as safe. The results support the application of the extracts in the treatment of oxidative stress-related pathologies cross-linked with inflammatory changes.

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Annisa, Amin Yunita Nur, Rudhi Pribadi i Ibnu Pratikto. "Analisis Perubahan Luasan Hutan Mangrove Di Kecamatan Brebes Dan Wanasari, Kabupaten Brebes Menggunakan Citra Satelit Landsat Tahun 2008, 2013 Dan 2018". Journal of Marine Research 8, nr 1 (3.02.2019): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jmr.v8i1.24323.

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Mangrove merupakan ekosistem daerah peralihan yang memiliki beberapa fungsi diantaranya ekologis, fisik maupun ekonomi. Kerusakan mangrove sering terjadi di beberapa daerah sehingga kelestarian mangrove sangat perlu dijaga. Salah satu upaya untuk mengurangi kerusakan tersebut dengan kegiatan rehabilitasi. Kegiatan rehabilitasi ini bertujuan untuk memulihkan kondisi mangrove seperti keadaan semula. Keberhasilan dari kegiatan rehabilitasi ini dapat dipantau dengan sistem penginderaan jauh menggunakan citra Satelit Landsat. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Juni- Juli 2018. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif bersifat eksploratif. Materi dalam penelitian ini adalah data citra satelit Landsat 5 untuk tahun 2008 dan Landsat 8 untuk tahun 2018. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai perubahan luasan hutan mangrove di Desa Kaliwlingi, Kecamatan Brebes dan Desa Sawojajar, Kecamatan Wanasari tahun 2008, 2013 dan 2018. Luas mangrove di Desa Kaliwlingi Kecamatan Brebes pada tahun 2008-2013 bertambah sebesar 101,25 ha yaitu 48,42 ha pada tahun 2008 dan 149,67 ha pada tahun 2013. Pada tahun 2013-2018 juga bertambah 184,23 ha yakni 333,9 ha pada tahun 2018. Pada Desa Sawojajar Kecamatan Wanasari, luas mangrove juga bertambah sebesar 0,09 ha yakni 24,39 ha pada tahun 2008 bertambah menjadi 24,48 ha pada tahun 2013. Tahun 2013-2018 juga bertambah sebesar 12,24 ha sehingga menjadi 36,72 ha di tahun 2018. Luas mangrove di Desa Kaliwlingi dan Sawojajar bertambah dalam kurun waktu sepuluh tahun.] Mangroves are transitional ecosystems that have several functions including ecological, physical and economic. Mangrove damage often occurs in several areas so that the preservation of mangroves is very important. One effort to reduce this damage is through rehabilitation activities. This rehabilitation activity aims to restore the condition of mangroves as they were before. The success of these rehabilitation activities can be monitored by remote sensing systems using Landsat Satellite imagery. This research was conducted in June-July 2018. This research method uses descriptive methods that are alternative. The material in this study is Landsat 5 satellite image data for 2008 and Landsat 8 for 2018. Based on the results of the study, the value of changes in a mangrove forests in Kaliwlingi Village, Brebes and Sawojajar Villages, Wanasari District in 2008, 2013 and 2018. The area of mangroves in Kaliwlingi Village, Brebes Subdistrict in 2008-2013 it increased by 101.25 ha, which was 48.42 ha in 2008 and 149.67 ha in 2013. In 2013-2018 it also increased by 184.23 ha, namely 333.9 ha in 2018. In Sawojajar Village, Wanasari Subdistrict, the area of mangroves also increased by 0.09 ha, which was 24.39 ha in 2008 which increased to 24.48 ha in 2013. 2013-2018 also increased by 12.24 ha to 36.72 ha in 2018. The area of mangrove in Kaliwlingi and Sawojajar villages has increased in ten years.

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Patale, Tara, Liam McGuirk, Matthew Krasnow, Benjamin Epstein, Sarah Manely, Emily Sayegh, Michael Tenner, Javin Schefflein, Hasit Mehta i Richard Noto. "RF14 | PMON328 The Effect of Pituitary Cysts on Pituitary Volume in Patients with Growth Hormone Deficiency and Idiopathic Short Stature". Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (1.11.2022): A641—A642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.1328.

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Abstract Background Pituitary cysts (PCs) may be related to the development of diminished growth hormone secretion because they may limit the proliferation of somatotrophs. This study seeks to investigate the mass effect of PCs on the pituitary function. Methods Patients aged 6-18 with cysts and follow-ups between 2007–21 were compared to normal controls (NCs) aged 6-18 from a neuroradiology center. Pituitary volume (PV) is the volume of the pituitary gland including the cyst, while net pituitary volume (netPV) is the volume of the pituitary gland excluding the cyst. Since NCs did not have PCs, only PV was utilized. PVs and netPVs are reported in mm3. Data were stratified into prepubertal (age < 11 yrs) and pubertal (age > 11 yrs). The Kruskal-Wallis One Way ANOVA on Ranks was utilized to compare multiple means, and the Kruskal-Wallis Multiple-Comparison Z Value test (with Bonferroni adjustment) was utilized for pairwise comparisons. Results The mean and median PVs of prepubertal GHD (n=37), ISS (n=5), and NCs (n=58) were 290.2 ± 109.7 and 305.0, 314.4 ± 100.8 and 299.8, and 246.8 ± 63.7 and 241.6, respectively. The difference between mean PVs of prepubertal GHD, ISS, and NCs was not significant. The mean and median PVs of pubertal GHD (n=58), ISS (n=33), and NCs (n=112) were 391.5 ± 163.5 and 370.2, 409.2 ± 215.8 and 382.9, and 424.2 ± 138.9 and 402.7, respectively. The difference between mean PVs of pubertal GHD, ISS, and NCs was not significant. For netPV, the mean and median values for prepubertal GHD and ISS patients were 252.2 ± 83.3 and 272.2, and 245.2 ± 85.7 and 244.9, respectively. The difference between mean netPVs of prepubertal GHD, ISS, and NCs was not significant. For netPV, the mean and median values for pubertal GHD and ISS patients were 332.7 ± 121.3 and 346.4, and 333.9 ± 146.1 and 330.7, respectively. The mean netPVs of pubertal GHD and ISS patients were both significantly lower than the mean PV of pubertal NCs. The mean and median PVs for cyst patients were 364.8 ± 170.0 and 347.8 which was not significantly different from the NCs. The mean and median netPVs for cyst patients were 307.3 ± 122.9 and 289.0 which was significantly different from the NCs (p<0.001). Conclusion When considering the functional component of the pituitary gland, cyst volume should be subtracted from the overall pituitary gland. Presentation: Sunday, June 12, 2022 12:36 p.m. - 12:41 p.m., Monday, June 13, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.

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Sun, T. F., C. A. Ten Seldam, P. J. Kortbeek, N. J. Trappeniers i S. N. Biswas. "Acoustic and Thermodynamic Properties of Ethanol from 273.15 to 333.1 5 K and up to 280 MPa". Physics and Chemistry of Liquids 18, nr 2 (lipiec 1988): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00319108808078584.

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Pandey, Abha, Shruti Pandey, Rajneesh, Jainendra Pathak, Haseen Ahmed, Vidya Singh, Shailendra P. Singh i Rajeshwar P. Sinha. "Mycosporine-Like Amino Acids (MAAs) Profile of Two Marine Red Macroalgae, Gelidium sp. and Ceramium sp." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 5, nr 1 (25.03.2017): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v5i1.16568.

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Macroalgae have evolved different strategies to mitigate the damaging effects of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR), including accumulation of photoprotective compounds such as mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs). MAAs are secondary metabolites, synthesized by a large variety of organisms including macroalgae, phytoplanktons, cyanobacteria, lichen, fungi and some marine animals. MAAs act as photoprotectants and antioxidants. In the present investigation, MAAs profile of methanolic extracts of two marine red algae Gelidium sp. and Ceramium sp., collected from their natural environment, was studied. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and UV-Vis spectrometry analyses were used to reveal different MAAs profile in the extracts obtained from these two red algae. The MAAs isolated by HPLC were identified as shinorine (λmax= 333.5 nm), porphyra-334 (λmax=332.3 nm) and palythine (λmax=317.9 nm) having retention times (RT) 1.26, 2.12 and 3.64 min, respectively, in the extract obtained from Gelidium sp. Similarly, shinorine (λmax=332.3 nm), porphyra-334 (λmax=333.5 nm) and palythinol (λmax=332.5 nm) with RT 1.27, 2.13 and 4.61 min, respectively, were identified in the extract obtained from Ceramium sp. This study revealed that Gelidium sp. and Ceramium sp. could serve as potential source for economical exploration of MAAs in pharmaceutical sciences.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(1): 12-21

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Aguilera-Tejero, E., J. R. Pascoe, B. L. Smith, W. S. Tyler i M. J. Woliner. "Evaluation of a technique for detection of pulmonary hemorrhage in horses, using carbon monoxide uptake". American Journal of Veterinary Research 55, nr 7 (1.07.1994): 1032–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1994.55.07.1032.

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Summary The diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (dlco) and the functional residual capacity (frc) of the lung were measured in 5 healthy Thoroughbreds before and after instillation of autologous blood into their lungs, in an attempt to develop a method to quantitate extravascular blood in the lungs of horses with exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage. Mean (± SD) baseline values of dlco and frc were 333.8 ± 61.9 ml/min/mm of Hg and 21.464 ± 4.156 L, respectively. Blood instillation resulted in decreases in dlco and frc. The paradoxic decrease in dlco (we were expecting to find an increase owing to blood in the airspaces, as has been reported in people) appears to be associated with the bronchoscopic procedure and with presence of blood in the airways. We concluded that rebreathing dlco measurements were not effective for detecting blood introduced bronchoscopically into the lungs of horses.

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Hall, Andrea. "Like the Energizer Bunny, These Retirees Keep Going and Going". Biomedical Instrumentation & Technology 40, nr 5 (1.09.2006): 333–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2345/i0899-8205-40-5-333.1.

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Alsobihi, M. H. N., i S. A. A. Saleh. "The Role of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers and Spraying with some Elements on some Vegetative and Yield Characteristics of Strawberry Cv. Albion". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1252, nr 1 (1.12.2023): 012107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1252/1/012107.

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Abstract This study was conducted at the research station of the College of Agriculture - University of Anbar during the agricultural season 2021 to study the effect of adding types of organic fertilizer (without addition, poultry manure, manufactured organic fertilizer) which are symbolized by (M0, M1, M2) respectively. The combination of the recommendation and half of the recommendation with spraying with a some elements that contains calcium, boron, zinc, magnesium, amino acids and molybdenum, and it was at 6 levels (T1 fertilizer recommendation without spraying, T2 fertilizer recommendation with growth stimulator spray 2.5 g L-1, T3 fertilizer recommendation with a spray of 5 g L−1, T4 is half recommended without spraying, T5 half recommended with spraying 2.5 g L−1 and T6 half recommended with spraying 5 g L−1) on some vegetative growth and yield characteristics of strawberry. The results showed that the addition of organic fertilizer and poultry manure gave the highest value in the number of leaves (80.82leaf plant−1), the number of crowns (7.328 crown plant−1), the leaf area (88.81 dm2 plant−1), and the leaf content of chlorophyll (333.69 mg 100 g weight fresh-1) and the weight of the fruit is (41.47 g fruit −1) and the total yield is (712.17 g plant −1).

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Pham, Nguyen H. "Effects of different dosages and frequencies of fertigation on growth and yield of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) grown in soilless culture". Journal of Agriculture and Development 18, nr 01 (28.02.2019): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.52997/jad.6.01.2019.

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Crop yield of cucumber cultivated by soilless culture technique is most likely affected by growing media and fertigation-frequency. Growing media and fertigation-frequency have become important factors affecting crop yields in the technique of soilless culture in general and cucumber in particular. The objective of this study was to determine the appropriate dosages and frequencies of fertigation for growth, development and yield of cucumber grown in the soilless culture under plastic house conditions in Ho Chi Minh City. The experiment was conducted in strip-plot design with three replicates; the vertical factor (A) including three different dosages of nutrient solution was applied variously based on plant growth stages (A1: combination of 226, 280 and 236 mL/plant/ day applied in three different periods from 0 to 3, 3 to 5 and after 5 weeks of planting, respectively; A2: 339, 420 and 359 mL/plant/day; and A3: 452, 560 and 472 mL/plant/day). The horizontal factor (B) was four different fertigation frequencies of 2, 3, 4 and 5 times/day. The results showed that cucumber fertigated with the nutrient solution having concentration of 452 mL/plant/day (from 0 to 3 weeks), 560 mL/plant (from 3 to 5 weeks) and 472 mL/plant (after 5 weeks) in combination with the fertigation frequency of 5 times/day had the best plant height (333.5 cm), number of leaves per plant (40.9 leaves/plant), the highest absolute yield (12.65 kg/m2), and commercial yield 12.52 kg/m2, and this fertigation regime also resulted in the highest profit (64,275,400 VND/1000 m2) and return on investment (1.07).

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Suastiyanti, Dwita, Bambang Soegijono i M. Hikam. "Magnetic Behaviors of BaTiO₃-BaFe₁₂O₁₉ Nanocomposite Prepared by Sol-Gel Process Based on Differences in Volume Fraction". Advanced Materials Research 789 (wrzesień 2013): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.789.118.

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Barium titanate BaTiO3 (BTO) - barium hexaferrite BaFe12O19 (BHF) nanocomposite could be as a raw material of multiferroic. Multiferroic is a class of materials with coupled electric, magnetic and structural order parameters that yield simultaneous effects of ferroelectric, ferromagnetism and ferroelasticity in the same material. This material has potential applications in such as spintronic devices and sensors. This work was an earlier research towards formation of multiferroic material. Knowing magnetic properties that will lead to a better understanding of magnetoelectric coupling in multiferroic material is the objective of this research.The samples were BTO and BHF prepared by sol-gel and then were mixed in bulk system by a conventional techniques in various of volume fraction between BTO : BHF = 1:1 ; 1:2 and 2:1, then samples were sintered at 925°C for 5, 10 and 15 hours. Composite phase study was carried out using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). MPS Magnet Physik EP3 Permagraph L was used to characterize magnetic properties. XRD results confirm that composite with volume fraction of BTO : BHF = 1:1 with sintering at 925°C for 5 hours consists only of 2 phases BTO and BHF. There is impurity phase BaFe2O4 beside BTO and BHF phases at samples with volume fraction BTO:BHF = 1:2 and 2:1 for longer sintering. Composite with volume fraction of BTO:BHF = 1:1 for 5 hours sintering has a high value of remanent magnetization 0.081 T and the lowest value of intrinsic coersive 333.6 kA/m leading to good characteristics of multiferroic materials.

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Firmansyah, Riza, Nampiah Sukarno, Utut Widyastuti Suharsono, Sukarno Sukarno i Wendi Nurul Fadillah. "Isolasi, Identifikasi, dan Produksi Miselia Rhizopus sp. Berkadar Asam Nukleat Rendah untuk Pengembangan Mikoprotein". Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 29, nr 2 (8.01.2024): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18343/jipi.29.2.179.

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Fungi, including Rhizopus sp., are food sources that commonly contain high nucleic acid levels. Therefore, the nucleic acid content must be reduced to achieve health standard requirements. This study aimed to isolate, identify, and produce Rhizopus sp. mycelium containing low nucleic acid. The Rhizopus spp. were isolated from tempeh collected from 12 different areas in Indonesia. Fungal identification was conducted based on morphological characteristics. The fungal isolates were selected based on mycelial growth and spore production on PDA. Biomass production of mycelium was carried out in potato extract and soybean extract media obtained from 200 g/L and 333.3 g/L, respectively. In each medium, 6 sugar levels were added, namely 0, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 g/L. Mycelium nucleic acid content reduction was achieved by heat treatment at 50°C and 60°C for 15 minutes and measured by a spectrophotometer at 260 nm. Fifty-eight isolates that were identified into 3 species were obtained in this experiment: R. oryzae, R. stolonifera, and R. microsporus. R. Microsporus had higher mycelium biomass and lower spore number than the other species. R. Microsporus produced a higher mycelium biomass in the soybean extract medium with 5 g/L additional sugar. The nucleic acid content of the 50°C heat-treated mycelium was 1.82% and 1.73% at 65°C. These values fulfilled the standard of mycelial nucleic acid content permitted in food by the USDA. Keywords: morphology, Rhizopus microspores, spore, soybean extract, tempeh

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Mahdy, Ahmed M., Tiequan Zhang, Zhi-Qing Lin, Nieven O. Fathi i Rasha M. Badr Eldin. "Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles Remediate Nickel-Contaminated Aqueous Solutions and Biosolids-Amended Agricultural Soil". Materials 14, nr 10 (19.05.2021): 2655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14102655.

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Nickel (Ni+2) accumulation in wastewater treatment sludge poses a potential environmental risk with biosolids-land application. An incubation experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of nanoparticles of zero-valent iron (nZVI) on Ni+2 sorption in biosolids-treated agricultural soils. Two application rates of biosolids (0, 5%, w/w) and four treatment levels (0, 1, 5, and 10 g/kg) of nZVI were examined, either separately or interactively. The results of this study showed significant differences in Ni+2 sorption capacity between different nZVI treatments. The initial Ni+2 concentration in biosolids-amended soil significantly affected Ni sorption in the soil treated with nZVI. The “H-shape” of sorption isotherm in nZVI-treated soil reflects strong interaction between the Ni concentration and the nZVI treatment, while the C-shape of sorption isotherm in biosolids-amended soil without the nZVI treatment indicates intermediate affinity for Ni+2 sorption. Nickel retention in soil was increased with the increase of nZVI levels. The removal efficiency of Ni+2 by nZVI from solution was increased with the increase of pH from 5 to 11 and reached a maximum of 99.56% at pH 11 and nZVI treatment of 10 g/kg. The Ni+2 desorption rate decreased from 92 to 7, 4, and 1% with increasing nZVI treatment levels from 0 to 1, 5, and 10 g/kg, respectively, with a soil Ni+2 concentration of 50 mg/L. The maximum adsorption capacity (?max) of 10 g/kg nZVI-treated soil was 333.3 mg/g, which was much higher than those from the other treatments of 0 (5 mg/g), 1 (25 mg/g), and 5 g/kg (125 mg/g). The underlying mechanism for Ni+2 immobilization using nZVI in an aquatic environment is controlled by a sorption process, reduction of metal ion to zero-valent metal, as well as (co)precipitation. Moreover, increasing the nZVI treatment level in biosolids-amended soil significantly decreased bioavailable Ni+2 concentrations in the soil.

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Kenne, Ellinor, i Viswanath B. Unnithan. "Knee and Ankle Strength and Lower Extremity Power in Adolescent Female Ballet Dancers". Journal of Dance Medicine & Science 12, nr 2 (czerwiec 2008): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1089313x0801200204.

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The aims of this study were twofold: 1. to compare the strength of four muscle groups of the lower limb (quadriceps [Q], hamstrings [H], plantar flexors [PF], and dorsiflexors [DF]) between female adolescent ballet dancers (BALs) and basketball players (BBs) over three angular velocities (30°, 60° and 90°/sec) and two types of contraction (eccentric and concentric); and 2. to compare peak and mean power between the BALs and BBs. Eleven BALs (age: 15.8 + 1.2 years; stature: 163.9 ± 6.2 cm; body mass: 56.3 + 5.7 kg; Tanner stage 4: N = 10, stage 5: N = 1) and ten BBs (age: 15.8 + 1.0 years; stature: 172.5 + 5.8 cm; body mass: 63.2 + 10.0 kg; Tanner stage 4: N = 7, stage 5: N = 3) volunteered to participate. Each participant performed one habituation session and one testing session on a Biodex isokinetic dynamometer to determine peak torque. Three angular velocities (30°, 60° and 907sec) were used for each muscle group. To determine absolute and relative peak and mean power, participants performed a 30 second anaerobic Wingate test on a cycle ergometer. There were no significant differences in peak torque for Q, H, PF, and DF between the groups. Basketball players produced greater absolute peak power [569.7 ± 82.2 vs. 454.6 ± 79.3 W (p < .05)], relative peak power [9.1 ± 1.3 vs. 8.1 ± 1.0 W/kg body mass (p < .05)], absolute mean power [428.4 ± 53.9 vs. 333.7 ± 68.2 W (p < .05)] and relative mean power [6.83 ± 0.7 vs. 5.9 ± 0.7 W/kg (p < .05)] than BALs. Ballet dancers and BBs had similar isokinetically measured lower extremity muscular strength, but BALs generated lower levels of peak power and mean power compared to BBs.

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C. Amadi, Chukwunweike, Etim D. Uko, Charles O. Ofoegbu, Adepelumi A. Adekunle i Olatunji S. Ayanninuola. "APPRAISAL OF THE ABAJI-ABUJA (NIGERIA) ML 2.25 EARTH-TREMOR OF 10th JANUARY 2020". Malaysian Journal of Geosciences 7, nr 1 (16.01.2023): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/mjg.01.2023.31.38.

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This research aims at determining the epicentre, magnitude and energy dissipated during the earth-tremor which took place at Abaji-Abuja (Nigeria) on 10th January 2020 at 13:46:20 UTC. The event was recorded by Volksmeter II VMII-2RU broadband Seismographs located at the Earthquake and Space Weather laboratory, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ife, Osun state, Nigeria. The computed P-wave and S-wave arrival times and lag times were 35.8seconds, 36.1seconds and 33.3seconds recorded by three Seismographs Ife (1), Ife (2) and Ife (3) respectively. The WinQuake software was used for the analysis. Epicentre distances computed were 330.3 km, 333.5 km and 303.2 km from the three seismograms, using trilateration method. The results gave the epicentre location at 8049’N and 6047’E (Gurdi town, Yaba District, Abaji LGA, Abuja, Nigeria),focal depth of 5 km, and average epicentral distance of 322.3km from Ile-Ife. The tremor has a Local Magnitude of 2.25 MLand Coda Magnitude of 3.7Md, and the dissipated energy of 149.6 × 10-12 KJ. The implication of these results is that a local magnitude of 2.25 ML of 149.6 × 10-12KJ of energy serves as an indicator to the future occurrence of another earthquake within the said region. Necessary precautionary measures should be taken when carrying out geological and construction works within the Abaji-Abuja environs. The massive rock blasting and quarrying must have reactivated the faults within the area.

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Bagińska, Małgorzata, Małgorzata Morawska-Tota i Łukasz Tota. "Quantitative assessment of lugers’ nutrition in the annual training cycle". Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences 32, nr 98 (25.05.2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.9140.

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Background: The specificity of sports nutrition is related to particular nutritional strategies appropriate for each period of the training macrocycle and the type of sport practiced. The aim of the present study was to quantify the daily food rations of lugers from the Karpacz Sports Championship School in three consecutive periods of the annual training cycle. Materials and methods: The research was carried out in a group of 10 lugers (5♀, 5♂), aged 16 to 19 years, who were students of the Sports Championship School in Karpacz, Poland. During each of the three periods of the annual training cycle, nutrition was assessed using the current recording method and the measurement of selected somatic indicators: body height (BH) and body mass (BM). Nutrient (protein, fats, carbohydrates) and dietary fibre requirements were estimated for the lugers for each phase of the training cycle. The Dietetyk PRO diet program was applied to evaluate energy and nutrient intake. Results: An insufficient energy intake was demonstrated in the vast majority of the analysed food rations, the exception being the preparatory period in men (121% of the demand on average). During the competition and transition periods, insufficient protein (67.6±35.0 g; 70.9±36.0 g, respectively), fat (43.5±31.1 g; 48.1±25.7 g), and carbohydrate (202.9±84.7 g; 212.7±62.2 g) intakes were observed in women. In men, a similar trend was noted for carbohydrates and fibre in the second (333.4±56.0 g; 18.0±8.1 g) and third (304.6±65.7 g; 23.8±13.1 g) periods of the annual cycle, and fat (65.5±28.1 g) in the transition period. Conclusions: The tested lugers did not meet the demand for most of the components in the competition and transition periods. The dietary errors shown in the study group may affect sports performance. Therefore, it seems reasonable to provide nutritional education and regular dietary monitoring in lugers.

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Nam, Sang Eun, Sangdal Lee, Younghye Cho i Jae Hong Kim. "A non-manufacturer-sponsored, retrospective study to assess 2-year safety outcomes of the BellaGel® SmoothFine as compared with its competitors in the context of the first Korean case of a medical device fraud". PLOS ONE 18, nr 2 (2.02.2023): e0259825. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259825.

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Background We conducted this study to assess preliminary 2-year safety outcomes of an implant-based augmentation mammaplasty using the BellaGel® SmoothFine in the context of the first Korean case of a medical device fraud. Methods Our clinical series of the patients (n = 579; 1,158 breasts) received augmentation using the BellaGel® SmoothFine, Naturgel™, Motiva Ergonomix™, Eurosilicone Round Collection™, Natrelle® INSPIRA™, Natrelle® 410, Mentor® MemoryGel Xtra or Microthane®. The patients were evaluated for incidences of postoperative complications and Kaplan-Meier survival and hazards. Results Overall, there were a total of 101 cases (17.4%) of postoperative complications; these include 31 cases (5.4%) of shape deformity, 21 cases (3.6%) of CC, 18 cases (3.1%) of early seroma, 8 cases (1.4%) of infection, 5 cases (0.9%) of early hematoma, 1 case (0.2%) of delayed hematoma, 1 case (0.2%) of rupture and 1 case (0.2%) of ripping. Moreover, there were also 15 cases (2.6%) of other complications. There were significant differences in incidences of postoperative complications between the breast implants from different manufacturers (P = 0.034). The Natrelle® 410 showed the longest survival (333.3±268.2 [141.5–525.1] days). A subgroup analysis showed that there were no significant differences in incidences of postoperative complications between the breast implants (P = 0.831). Moreover, the Natrelle® INSPIRA™ showed the longest survival (223.7±107.1 [-42.3–489.6] days). Conclusions Here, we describe preliminary 2-year safety outcomes of an implant-based augmentation mammaplasty using the BellaGel® SmoothFine in the context of the first Korean case of a medical device fraud.

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Chen, Yuan, Yufei Zhao, Feihong Liu, Mengdie Ding, Juan Wang, Jiuxin Jiang, Pascal Boulet i Marie-Christine Record. "Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Li2O-V2O5-B2O3-Bi2O3 Glass and Glass-Ceramic Cathodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries". Molecules 28, nr 1 (27.12.2022): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28010229.

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In this study, 20Li2O-60V2O5-(20 − x)B2O3-xBi2O3 (x = 5, 7.5, 10 mol%) glass materials have been prepared by the melt-quenching method, and the structure and morphology of the glass materials have been characterized by XRD, FTIR, Raman, and FE-SEM. The results show that the disordered network of the glass is mainly composed of structural motifs, such as VO4, BO3, BiO3, and BiO6. The electrochemical properties of the glass cathode material have been investigated by the galvanostatic charge-discharge method and cyclic voltammetry, and the results show that with the increases of Bi2O3 molar content, the amount of the VO4 group increases, and the network structure of the glass becomes more stable. To further enhance the electrochemical properties, glass-ceramic materials have been obtained by heat treatment, and the effect of the heat treatment temperature on the structure and electrochemical properties of the glass has been studied. The results show that the initial discharge capacity of the glass-ceramic cathode obtained by heat treatment at 280 °C at a current density of 50 mA·g−1 is 333.4 mAh·g−1. In addition, after several cycles of charging and discharging at a high current density of 1000 mA·g−1 and then 10 cycles at 50 mA·g−1, its discharge capacity remains at approximately 300 mAh·g−1 with a capacity retention rate of approximately 90.0%. The results indicate that a proper heat treatment temperature is crucial to improving the electrochemical properties of glass materials. This study provides an approach for the development of new glass cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries.

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Aranguri Cayetano, Denis Javier, Anapaula Marianella Solis Alberca i Ronny Jhonatan Sáenz Gutiérrez. "Caracterización y evaluación de potencia y eficiencia de un sistema híbrido eolico fotovoltaico off-grid". TecnoHumanismo 1, nr 9 (2021): 14–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.53673/th.v1i9.56.

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La diversificación de la matriz energética es un ámbito fundamental para el desarrollo del Perú, lo cual conlleva al desarrollo de energía sustentable y renovable, y que a su vez reduzcan al mínimo los potenciales impactos negativos ambientales; siendo las opciones más viables el recurso eólico y solar en función de nuestra situación geográfica. Es así, que el presente artículo presenta el estudio de tecnología híbrida autosustentable, mediante la presentación de datos a tiempo real obtenidos en el Módulo Solar-Eólico Energy Cube instalado en la Universidad Nacional del Santa, Nuevo Chimbote/ Ancash, con una potencia nominal de 6200 Wp.Se ha realizado el estudio del rendimiento de generación de energía eléctrica y la eficiencia de conversión de energía, por la disposición del recurso eólico-solar en función de la potencia generada tanto por los módulos fotovoltaicos, así como por el aerogenerador, siendo caracterizado como un sistema conjunto. En función al periodo de funcionamiento evaluado, los resultados obtenidos indican que la potencia máxima obtenida fue el 14 de octubre equivalente a 1896.3 W con un rendimiento de generación de energía eléctrica promedio de 30.58% y una eficiencia de conversión promedio de 13.37% con datos meteorológicos de irradiación solar promedio de 764.67 W/m^2 y una velocidad de viento promedio de 5 m/s, alcanzando un máximo de rendimiento de generación de 55.48% a las 11:45 de la mañana; y la potencia mínima obtenida fue el 13 de junio equivalente a 333.8 W con rendimiento del sistema y eficiencia de conversión promedio del sistema de 8.09% y 7.5% respectivamente, con datos meteorológicos promedios de irradiación solar de 196.6 W/m^2 y velocidad de viento de 1.2 m/s.

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Zadow, Emma K., James W. Fell, Cecilia M. Kitic, Jia Han i Sam S. X. Wu. "Effects of Time of Day on Pacing in a 4-km Time Trial in Trained Cyclists". International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 15, nr 10 (1.11.2020): 1455–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2019-0952.

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Context: Time of day has been shown to impact athletic performance, with improved performance observed in the late afternoon–early evening. Diurnal variations in physiological factors may contribute to variations in pacing selection; however, research investigating time-of-day influence on pacing is limited. Purpose: To investigate the influence of time-of-day on pacing selection in a 4-km cycling time trial (TT). Methods: Nineteen trained male cyclists (mean [SD] age 39.0 [10.7] y, height 1.8 [0.1] m, body mass 78.0 [9.4] kg, VO2max 62.1 [8.7] mL·kg−1·min−1) completed a 4-km TT on 5 separate occasions at 08:30, 11:30, 14:30, 17:30, and 20:30. All TTs were completed in a randomized order, separated by a minimum of 2 d and maximum of 7 d. Results: No time-of-day effects were observed in pacing as demonstrated by similar power outputs over 0.5-km intervals (P = .78) or overall mean power output (333.0 [38.9], 339.8 [37.2], 335.5 [31.2], 336.7 [35.2], and 334.9 [35.7] W; P = .45) when TTs were performed at 08:30, 11:30, 14:30, 17:30, and 20:30. Preexercise tympanic temperature demonstrated a time-of-day effect (P < .001), with tympanic temperature higher at 14:30 and 17:30 than at 08:30 and 11:30. Conclusion: While a biological rhythm was present in tympanic temperature, pacing selection and performance when completing a 4-km cycling TT were not influenced by time of day. The findings suggest that well-trained cyclists can maintain a robust pacing strategy for a 4-km TT regardless of time of the day.

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Yinka-Ogunleye, Adesola, Mahmood Dalhat, Afolabi Akinpelu, Olusola Aruna, Fatima Garba, Adama Ahmad, Adesola Adeleye i in. "Mpox (monkeypox) risk and mortality associated with HIV infection: a national case–control study in Nigeria". BMJ Global Health 8, nr 11 (listopad 2023): e013126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2023-013126.

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IntroductionRecent outbreaks of mpox are characterised by changes in the natural history of the disease, the demographic and clinical characteristics of the cases, and widening geographical distribution. We investigated the role of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) coinfection among cases in the re-emergence of mpox to inform national and global response.MethodsWe conducted a national descriptive and case–control study on cases in the 2017–2019 Nigerian mpox outbreak. Mpox cases were age, sex and geographical area matched each with two randomly selected controls from a representative national HIV/AIDS survey. Logistic regression was used to investigate the association between HIV infection and the risk of mpox acquisition and death.ResultsAmong 204 suspected mpox cases, 86 were confirmed (median age 31 years (IQR 27–38 years), mostly males (61 cases, 70.9%). Three-fifths of mpox cases had serological evidence of one or more STIs with 27.9% (24/86) coinfected with HIV. The case fatality rate was 9.4% (8/86) and 20.8% (5/24) overall and in HIV positive cases respectively. Mpox cases were more likely to have HIV coinfection compared with an age, gender and geography-matched control group drawn from the general population (OR 45 (95% CI 6.1 to 333.5, p=0.002) and when compared with non mpox rash cases (7.29 (95% CI 2.6 to 20.5, p<0.0001)). HIV coinfection and young age were associated with mortality among mpox cases (aOR 13.66 (95% CI 1.88 to 98.95, p=0.010) and aOR 0.90 (0.82–0.97, p=0.008), respectively).ConclusionHIV infection was associated with a higher risk of contracting and dying from mpox. Children are also at high risk of death. STIs in mpox cases may be suggestive of high-risk sexual behaviours among these individuals.

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Villatoro Escobar, Jessica Gabriela. "Determinación del cambio de cobertura agrícola de los municipios de Belén Gualcho, San Marcos de Caiquín y La Virtud, Departamento de Lempira del 2002 al 2014". Ciencias Espaciales 5, nr 1 (24.04.2016): 47–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/ce.v5i1.2538.

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El objetivo de este estudio fue Determinar los cambios de cobertura agrícola en los Municipios de Belén Gualcho, San Marcos de Caiquin y La Virtud/ Lempira, en un período del 2002-2014. El área de estudio representa un área de 6767 ha.La metodología de la investigación se realizó con un enfoque cuantitativo siguiendo los siguientes procesos: se reconocieron los principales cultivos existentes en los Municipios abordados, a través del levantamiento de una línea base con el fin de conocer los cultivos pertenecientes a la cobertura agrícola de los Municipios de Belén Gualcho, San Marcos de Caiquin y La Virtud. Se identificó la cobertura agrícola de año 2014 con la ayuda de programas especializados en SIG WEB (Google earth) calculando posteriormente el área agrícola total identificada. Finalmente se utilizó información de cobertura agrícola de los años 2002 y 2014 para calcular el cambio de cobertura agrícola por medio de la fórmula: Tasa de cambio=(área el año actual - área del año anterior)/ (área del año anterior).De los resultados obtenidos se determinó en el 2002 el área agrícola tomando en cuenta los tres Municipios tenía áreas de 3 Ha hasta 1269 Ha. Y en el 2014 áreas de 14.85 Ha hasta 1128.01 Ha. La sumatoria total de cobertura agrícola en el año 2002 fue de 2499 Ha y en el 2014 de 10845.58 Ha lo que indica un aumento de la cobertura agrícola con una tasa de cambio de 333.99%. Su valor positivo refleja que en 13 años si se dio un cambio de cobertura agrícola probablemente por el aumento de la población.Se concluye que al comparar el cambio de cobertura agrícola en un período mayor de 13 años evidencia un cambio en la cobertura agrícola a través de un aumento de esta, siendo esta cobertura en mayor proporción cultivos de maíz, frijoles y pasto utilizados en su mayoría para subsistencia y el pasto para alimento de ganado.Revista Ciencias Espaciales, Vol.5(1) 2012, 47-65

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Chan, Anthony T. C., Roger K. C. Ngan, Edwin Pun Hui, Sing Fai Leung, Patricia Poon, VC Sin, Stewart Yuk Tung i in. "A multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT) of adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with residual plasma EBV DNA (EBV DNA) following primary radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, nr 15_suppl (20.05.2012): 5511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.5511.

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5511 Background: The benefit of adjuvant CT in NPC is unclear. Administering CT after full-dose CRT presents challenges in treatment compliance and toxicity. Post-RT EBV DNA predicts poor survival and may be a biomarker of subclinical residual disease. We conducted a biomarker driven RCT using EBV DNA to select high risk NPC patients (pts) for adjuvant CT while sparing low risk pts from unnecessary toxicity. Methods: Biopsy proven NPC, AJCC stage IIB-IVB, detectable EBV DNA at 6-8 wks post-RT, no persistent locoregional disease or distant metastasis, ECOG 0 or 1, adequate organ function. Randomised with stratification for primary therapy (RT Vs CRT) and tumor stage (II/III Vs IV) to arm A (adjuvant cisplatin 40 mg/m2 and gemcitabine 1000mg/m2, both given on D1+8 q3w x 6 cycles) or arm B (clinical follow-up). EBV DNA and PET scan were performed before and 6 months after randomization. Primary endpoint was relapse free survival and secondary endpoints included toxicity of adjuvant CT. With a hazard ratio of 2, 100 pts were required with a power of 0.8 and an alpha at 0.05. This safety analysis was approved by DMSC. Results: From 9/2006 to 12/2011, 514 pts consented for EBV DNA screening, 95 with detectable EBV DNA consented for adjuvant study. After work-up, 74 were eligible for randomization (37 to arm A; 37 to arm B). The two arms were well balanced in baseline characteristics. 80% received prior neoadjuvant and/or concurrent CT. Staging: IIB (36.5%), III (29.7%), IVA (18.9%), IVB (14.8%). Five pts refused adjuvant CT after randomization. Overall 65% and 57% completed 5 and 6 cycles respectively. Mean dose intensity (DI): 84% for cisplatin (22.5 mg/m2/wk, range 0.0-26.7), 92% for gemcitabine (612.8 mg/m2/wk, range 333.3-777.8). Treatment related adverse events above CTC G2 were summarized in Table. Conclusions: Delivery of 6 cycles of adjuvant CT is feasible with acceptable toxicity after full dose RT or CRT. [Table: see text]

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Мalin, D. I. "Analysis of the Serie of Cases of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (Cross-Sectional Observational Study)". Psikhiatriya 21, nr 3 (19.06.2023): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30629/2618-6667-2023-21-3-20-28.

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Background: neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is the most dangerous complication of therapy with neuroleptics with high mortality. The publications on MNS are the reviews articles or case reports.The aim of study: an identiﬁcation of the frequency of occurrence of NMS harm in patients of the city psychiatric hospital over a 4-year period, a clariﬁcation of the clinical manifestations of this complication, an analysis of the effectiveness of the treatment and rate of deaths.Patients and methods: 19 cases with a conﬁrmed diagnosis of NMS who were treated for 4 years in one of the clinical psychiatric hospitals in Moscow with 1158 beds. All patients met the criteria for the diagnosis of NMS according to DSM-5 (333.92). The severity of extrapyramidal disorders was assessed on the Simpson–Angus Rating Scale (SAS). The Bush–Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS) was used to assess the features and severity of catatonic symptoms. All patients underwent a study of the general clinical analysis and biochemical analysis of blood with the determination of the number of leukocytes and the activity of the enzyme creatine phosphokinase (CPK).Results: the incidence of NMS was 0.035% of all treated patients, mortality— 10.5%. Most often, NMS develops during treatment with haloperidol and much less frequently with the appointment of atypical antipsychotics risperidone and clozapine in patients with schizophrenia, acute polymorphic mental disorder, organic mental disorders, including dementia. The inﬂuence of such factors as gender, age, type of disease on the development of NMS has not been established. The age of patients with a fatal outcome was higher than the average for the group. The clinical picture of NMS was characterized by a combination of catatonic, extrapyramidal and somato-vegetative disorders with hyperthermia, leukocytosis and increased activity of CPK.Conclusion: today NMS remains a relatively rare, but extremely dangerous complication of antipsychotic therapy, with a high risk of death and can develop both in the treatment with ﬁrst and second generation antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia and acute polymorphic mental disorder and in organic mental disorders, including dementia.

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Fabregat-Malé, Sònia, Sebastián Mena i Juan José Alvarado. "Nursery-reared coral outplanting success in an upwelling-influenced area in Costa Rica". Revista de Biología Tropical 71, S1 (2.05.2023): e54879. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rev.biol.trop..v71is1.54879.

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Introduction: Environmental and intrinsic factors such as seawater temperature, salinity, nutrient concentration, upwelling, species, and life history can influence coral outplant survival and growth, and in consequence, the effectiveness of restoration. Thus, it is key to understand how these factors can shape coral outplant performance to ensure the long-term success of a restoration program. Objective: To establish the survival and growth rate of outplanted coral nursery-reared colonies of branching Pocillopora spp. and massive corals Pavona gigantea, Pavona clavus, and Porites lobata in Bahía Culebra, North Pacific of Costa Rica, and to determine whether the site of origin of the coral fragment and the presence of seasonal upwelling affected the growth of Pocillopora outplants. Methods: From September 2020 to September 2021, we monitored the survival, health, and growth of 30 Pocillopora spp. colonies from six donor sites, and 31 fragments of massive species (P. gigantea [n = 18], P. clavus [n = 8], P. lobata [n = 5]) that were outplanted to a degraded reef. We recorded in situ seawater temperature, salinity, and nutrient concentration. Results: By the end of the year, 100 % of the Pocillopora spp. outplants survived. Survival was 71.4 % for P. clavus, 47.5 % for P. gigantea, and 20 % for P. lobata. Coral tissue loss and predation marks were observed at least once in 71 % of massive outplants. Pocillopora spp. colonies increased their initial area in 333.1 %, at a rate of 9.98 ± 1.69 cm yr-1. The site of origin of the outplant influenced growth rate, but not the presence of seasonal upwelling. Massive species fragments grew at a rate of 1.35 ± 0.24 cm yr-1 for P. clavus, 1.48 ± 0.21 cm yr-1 for P. gigantea, and 0.61 cm yr-1 for P. lobata, with no differences among them. Conclusions: Environmental conditions at site level allow for high survival and growth of Pocillopora spp. outplants, previously considered as sensitive to stressors, and point towards acclimation to seasonal upwelling. Although survival of massive species was lower, developing a multi-species approach is key to enhance restoration success.

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Pershakova, A. E., I. S. Kazakov, M. A. Artemov, A. V. Zolotarev, O. V. Zhukova, E. V. Karlova, E. B. Eroshevskaya i V. M. Malov. "Suprachoroidal administration of triamcinolone acetonide in patients with macular edema after vitrectomy: Technique and results". Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya 23, nr 4 (9.12.2023): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.55531/2072-2354.2023.23.4.44-50.

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Aim – to study the effectiveness of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) injection into the suprachoroidal space using a microneedle for the treatment of macular edema after vitrectomy. Material and methods. During the study, the results of suprachoroidal administration of triamcinolone acetonide were analyzed in 8 patients (8 eyes) who were observed with macular edema as a complication of vitrectomy. Ophthalmological examination included visometry, non-contact tonometry, indirect ophthalmoscopy with lens 78 D, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the macular area. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) before the operation ranged from 0.1 to 0.8 (0.25 (0.10; 0.50), retinal thickness in the foveolar area varied from 342 to 728 µm (513.0 (443.0; 585.5) according to OCT data. During the operation, all patients underwent the injection of 0.1 ml of triamcinolone acetonide using a microneedle into the suprachoroidal space 3.5-4.0 mm posterior to the limbus. Results. One month after suprachoroidal injection of TA, the thickness of macular edema statistically significantly decreased to 327.5 (309.0; 380.5) μm (p = 0.011719) and BCVA increased to 0.45 (0.25; 0.80) (p = 0.027709). Three months after surgery, the retinal thickness in the macular area was 333.5 (311.5; 503.0) (p = 0.068704). The lack of statistical significance in the reduction of macular edema 3 months after suprachoroidal TA injection is explained by the fact that 3 out of 8 patients (37.5%) experienced a recurrence of macular edema after 3 months. However, BCVA has significantly increased to 0.6 (0.25; 0.90) (p = 0.043115). In 5 out of 8 patients (62.5%) a stable positive result was achieved within 3 months in the form of relief of macular edema. In the postoperative period, an increase in intraocular pressure was noted only in 2 cases of measurements, in patients observed for secondary glaucoma as a concomitant diagnosis. Intraocular pressure was compensated in both cases after correction of the treatment regimen. Conclusion. The presented technique is effective in treatment of macular edema associated with vitrectomy, as well as safe, which may be the reason for its further study.

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Qian, Lei, Lina S. Sy, Vennis Hong, Sungching C. Glenn, Denison S. Ryan, Kerresa Morrissette, Steven J. Jacobsen i Stanley Xu. "Disparities in Outpatient and Telehealth Visits During the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Large Integrated Health Care Organization: Retrospective Cohort Study". Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, nr 9 (1.09.2021): e29959. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/29959.

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Background Dramatic decreases in outpatient visits and sudden increases in telehealth visits were observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, but it was unclear whether these changes differed by patient demographics and socioeconomic status. Objective This study aimed to assess the impact of the pandemic on in-person outpatient and telehealth visits (telephone and video) by demographic characteristics and household income in a diverse population. Methods We calculated weekly rates of outpatient and telehealth visits by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and neighborhood-level median household income among members of Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC) from January 5, 2020, to October 31, 2020, and the corresponding period in 2019. We estimated the percentage change in visit rates during the early pandemic period (March 22 to April 25, 2020) and the late pandemic period (October 4 to October 31, 2020) from the prepandemic period (January 5 to March 7, 2020) in Poisson regression models for each subgroup while adjusting for seasonality using 2019 data. We examined if the changes in visit rates differed by subgroups statistically by comparing their 95% CIs. Results Among 4.56 million KPSC members enrolled in January 2020, 15.0% (n=682,947) were ≥65 years old, 51.5% (n=2,345,020) were female, 39.4% (n=1,795,994) were Hispanic, and 7.7% (n=350,721) lived in an area of median household income <US $40,000. Increases in telehealth visits during the pandemic varied across subgroups, while decreases in outpatient visits were similar, except by age. Among age groups, the ≥65 years population had the least increase in telehealth visits (236.6%, 95% CI 228.8%-244.5%), with 4.9 per one person-year during the early pandemic period versus 1.5 per one person-year during the prepandemic period. During the same periods, across racial/ethnic groups, Hispanic individuals had the largest increase in telehealth visits (295.5%, 95% CI 275.5%-316.5%). Across income levels, telehealth visits in the low-income group increased the most (313.5%, 95% CI 294.8%-333.1%). The rate of combined outpatient and telehealth visits in the Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, and low-income groups returned to prepandemic levels by October 2020. Conclusions The Hispanic group and low-income group had the largest percentage increase in telehealth utilization in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of virtual care potentially mitigated the impact of the pandemic on health care utilization in these vulnerable populations.

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Mishu, Farzana Akonjee, i MA Muttalib. "Serum magnesium and copper levels in Bangladeshi women with gestational diabetes mellitus". IMC Journal of Medical Science 11, nr 1 (22.03.2017): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/imcjms.v11i1.31935.

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Background and objectives: Alteration of magnesium (Mg) and copper (Cu) concentrations in blood has been observed in normal pregnancy as well as in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The present study was aimed to evaluate the serum Mg and Cu levels in Bangladeshi women with GDM in their second and third trimester of pregnancy.Methods: The study was conducted at Mymensingh Medical College Hospital from July 2013 to June 2014. Pregnant women, in their second and third trimester, attending the outpatient department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Department of Endocrinology of Mymensingh Medical College Hospital were enrolled by purposive sampling technique. GDM was diagnosed on the basis of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as defined in WHO criteria 2013. Blood glucose was estimated by enzymatic GOD-PAP colorimetric method. The cut off value for fasting plasma glucose level was ?6.1 mmol/L or ?7.8 mmol/L 2 hours after glucose load. Serum Cu was estimated by 3, 5-DiBr-PAESA method and Mg by Xylidyl Blue-I Method as per manufacturers instruction.Results: A total of 172 pregnant women in their second and third trimester were enrolled. Out of 172 participants, 86 had GDM and 86 were normoglycemic (control). The mean age of GDM and control groups was 28.6±3.2 years and 27.3±3.1 years respectively. The BMI was 26.4±1.5 m/kg2 and 26.3±1.3 m/kg2. Serum Mg level was significantly low (p< 0.001) in 2nd and 3rd trimesters in GDM cases (1.39±0.26 mg/dl and 0.93±0.15 mg/dl) compared to control group (1.67±0.3 mg/dl and 1.67±0.31mg/dl). On the contrary, serum Cu levels in GDM cases were significantly (p<0.002) higher in both trimesters (224±333.8 ?g/dl and 243.91±6.89 ?g/dl) compared to those without GDM (220.1±7.6 ?g/dl and 234.9±4.6 ?g/dl). There was significant (p<0.001) increase of serum Cu levels in 3rd trimester compared to 2nd trimester in both GDM and non GDM cases.Conclusion: There was distinct alteration of serum Mg and Cu levels in GDM compared to normal pregnancy.IMC J Med Sci 2017; 11(1): 25-28

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Činčikas, Darius, i Juozas Ivaškevičius. "Anestetiko įtaka operacinio lauko kokybei endoskopinėje prienosinių ančių chirurgijoje". Lietuvos chirurgija 4, nr 2 (1.01.2006): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lietchirur.2006.2.2274.

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Darius Činčikas, Juozas IvaškevičiusVilniaus universiteto Anesteziologijos ir intensyviosios terapijos klinika,Vilniaus greitosios pagalbos universitetinė ligoninė,Šiltnamių g. 29, LT-04130 VilniusEl paštas: dariuscincikas@yahoo.com Tikslas Palyginti intraoperacinį nukraujavimą ir operacinio lauko matomumą atliekant endoskopines prienosinių ančių operacijas ir anestezijai vartojant izofluraną ir propofolį. Ligoniai ir metodai Ištirti 27 ligoniai 1–3 klasės fizinės sveikatos būklės pagal Amerikos anesteziologų draugijos klasifikaciją: 12 iš jų anestezija atlikta izofluranu, 15 – propofoliu. Operacijos išvakarėse ligoniai premedikuoti diazepamu, operacijos dieną gavo 5 mg midazolamo. Anestezijos metu naudotas fentanilis, deguonies ir azoto suboksido 50:50% mišinys, raumenų relaksantai. Operacinio stalo galvūgalis pakeltas 10 laipsnių. Nukraujavimas matuotas surenkant kraują į žymėtą siurblį. Operacinio lauko matomumas vertintas pagal modifikuotą Fromme skalę. Rezultatai Statistiškai reikšmingai nesiskiriant arteriniam kraujo spaudimui ir širdies susitraukimų dažniui tarp tiriamųjų grupių, propofolio grupėje nustatytas mažesnis intraoperacinis nukraujavimas – 273,3 ml, nei izoflurano grupėje – 333,3 ml (p < 0,05), ir geresnė operacinio lauko kokybė – atitinkamai 2,43 balo ir 2,89 balo (p < 0,05). Išvados Anestetiko pasirinkimas turi įtakos intraoperaciniam kraujavimui ir operacinio lauko matomumui endoskopinėje prienosinių ančių chirurgijoje. Anestezijai atlikti vartojant propofolį, operacinio lauko kokybė yra geresnė, negu vartojant izofluraną. . Reikšminiai žodžiai: endoskopinė prienosinių ančių chirurgija, intraoperacinis kraujavimas, anestezija Influence of anesthetic on operative field quality in endoscopic paranasal sinus surgery Darius Činčikas, Juozas IvaškevičiusDepartment of Anesthesiology and Reanimatology of Vilnius University,Vilnius University Emergency Hospital,Šiltnamių 29, LT-04130 Vilnius, LithuaniaE-mail: dariuscincikas@yahoo.com Objective To compare intraoperative hemorrhage and the visibility of the operative field during endoscopic operations of accessory nasal sinuses when anesthesia is induced by isoflurane or propofol. Patients and methods 27 patients of physical health state 1–3 according to American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) were examined. For 12 of them, anesthesia was induced by isoflurane and for 15 by propofol. All patients on the eve of the operation were premedicated with diazepam and on the day of operation received 5 mg of midazolam. Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl, a 50:50% mixture of oxygen and nitrous oxide, and doses of muscle relaxant. The head-bed of the operating table was raised at 10°. Hemorrhage was measured by collecting blood with a graded pump. The visibility of the operative field was evaluated according to the scale proposed by Fromme. Results Hemorrhage volume in the propofol group was lower (273.3 ml) and the visibility of the operative field was better (2.43) than in the isoflurane group (333.3 ml and 2.8) (p < 0.05); there was no significant difference in arterial blood pressure and heart contractions between the groups. Conclusions The proper choice of anesthetic can improve hemorrhage control and the visibility of the operative field during endoscopic operations of accessory nasal sinuses. Propofol improves the visibility of the operative field better than does isoflurane Key words: endoscopic sinus surgery, intraoperative bleeding, anesthesia

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Aslamyah, Siti, Zainuddin Zainuddin i Badraeni Badraeni. "The effect of microorganisms combination as probiotics in feed for growth performance, gastric evacuation rates, and blood glucose levels of milkfish, Chanos chanos (Forsskal, 1775)". Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia 22, nr 1 (28.02.2022): 77–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.32491/jii.v22i1.583.

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The use of combinations of microorganisms as feed additives can synergize to produce enzymes to help the digestive process of feed. This study aims to determine the best combination of microorganisms as probiotics in feeding on growth performance, gastric evacuation, and blood glucose levels of milkfish. Milkfish with an initial weight of 9.21±0.14 g, reared at a density of 20 fish in an aquarium measuring 50 x 40 x 35 cm3 containing 48 L of water with 20 ppt salinity and equipped with a recirculation system. The research design was Completely Randomized Design with five treatments, namely: control (feed without microorganisms), Bacillus sp. and Lactobacillus sp., Rhizophus sp. and Aspergillus sp., Saccharomyces sp. and Trichoderma sp., and Mixed microorganisms, Bacillus sp., Lactobacillus sp., Rhizophus sp., Aspergillus sp., Saccharomyces sp., and Trichoderma sp. During 50 days of rearing, the fish were given experimental feed three times a day at 07.00, 12.00, and 15.00 at 5% body weight. The results showed that the treatment significantly affected growth, feed efficiency, and hepatosomatic index. However, it did not affect milkfish's survival and liver and muscle glycogen levels. Absolute growth (30.79±0.87 g), relative growth rate (333.91±5.83%), biomass growth (615.76±17.48%), feed efficiency (57.26±0.39 %), and the best hepatosomatic index (0.99±0.01) were obtained in the mixed microorganism treatment, and mg/g, and muscle 5.45-5.72 mg/g. The gastric evacuation rate and the fastest peak and peak decrease in blood glucose levels were obtained in the mixed microorganisms treatment at 5 and 3-4 hours postprandial. The diverse microorganisms can be added to the feed at a dose of 10 mL/kg to support the intensification of milkfish culture Abstrak Pemanfaatan kombinasi mikroorganisme sebagai aditif pakan dapat saling bersinergi menghasilkan enzim untuk membantu proses pencernaan pakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan kombinasi mikroorganisme terbaik sebagai probiotik dalam pakan terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan, laju pengosongan lambung, dan kadar glukosa darah ikan bandeng. Ikan bandeng dengan bobot awal 9,21±0,14 g dipelihara dengan kepadatan 20 ekor pada akuarium berukuran 50 x 40 x 35 cm3 yang berisi 48 L air bersalinitas 20 ppt dan dilengkapi sistem resirkulasi. Penelitian didesain dalam rancangan acak lengkap dengan lima perlakuan, yaitu: kontrol (pakan tanpa mikroorganisme), Bacillus sp. dan Lactobacillus sp., Rhizophus sp. dan Aspergillus sp., Saccharomyces sp. dan Trichoderma sp., serta kombinasi mikroorganisme Bacillus sp., Lactobacillus sp., Rhizophus sp., Aspergillus sp., Saccharomyces sp., dan Trichoderma sp. Selama 50 hari pemeliharaan, ikan diberi pakan percobaan 3 kali sehari yakni pukul 07.00, 12.00, dan 15.00 sebanyak 5% dari bobot badan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan, efisiensi pakan, dan indeks hepatosomatik. Namun, tidak berpengaruh terhadap sintasan, kadar glikogen hati dan otot ikan bandeng. Pertumbuhan mutlak (30,79±0,87 g), laju pertumbuhan relatif (333,91±5,83%), pertumbuhan biomassa (615,76±17,48%), efisiensi pakan (57,26±0,39%), dan indeks hepatosomatik (0,99±0,01) terbaik diperoleh pada perlakuan kombinasi mikroorganisme dan terendah pada kontrol. Kisaran sintasan yang dihasilkan 93,33-100%, glikogen hati 6,60-6,89 mg/g, dan otot 5,45-5,72 mg/g. Laju pengosongan lambung, serta mencapai puncak dan penurunan puncak kadar glukosa darah tercepat pada perlakuan kombinasi mikroorganisme pada jam ke 5 dan jam ke 3-4 post prandial. Untuk mendukung intensifikasi budidaya ikan bandeng, kombinasi mikroorganisme dapat ditambahkan dalam pakan dengan dosis 10 mL/kg pakan.

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Lukoyanychev, E. E., S. G. Izmailov, D. A. Evsyukov, V. O. Nikolskij, A. A. Mironov i A. V. Panyushkin. "Possibilities of regulating the reaction of tissues of the implantation area with pyrimidine preparations after prosthetic repair of the hernia ring in the experiment". Research and Practical Medicine Journal 9, nr 4 (1.12.2022): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17709/2410-1893-2022-9-4-8.

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Purpose of the study. Study of the possibilities of pharmacological regulation of local and systemic inflammatory response, stimulation of reparative regeneration in prosthetic repair of abdominal wall hernias.Materials and methods. The experiment was carried out on 92 rats of both sexes of a pure line, divided into 4 groups. Group I (control) received only 1 ml of 0.9 % sodium chloride solution. Group II – hydroxyethyldimethyldihydropyrimidine 21 mg/day. Group III – potassium orotate 10.5 mg/day. Group IV – methyluracil 14 mg/day. Under anesthesia a mesh implant 4 × 2 cm was placed in the layer between the hypodermis and the superficial fascia. Animals were withdrawn from the experiment on days 5 (n = 52) and 14 days (n = 40). The site of implantation for histomorphometric studies captured the dermis, hypodermis, implant layer, fascia, and muscle. The preparation and staining of the preparations were carried out with hematoxylin-eosin and by Mallory.Results. 1. On the 5th day after the operation group II (hydroxyethyldimethyldihydropyrimidine) was characterized by pronounced neovasculogenesis (p = 0.002, U-test) and more active processes of formation and maturation of connective tissue (p = 0.024, U-test) with a low immune response to a foreign body (p = 0.044, U- test). III (potassium orotate) and IV groups (methyluracil) were characterized by a pronounced decrease in the inflammatory response with a simultaneous increase in tissue edema (p < 0.001, U-test), slowing down the formation and maturation of connective tissue (p = 0.016, U-test). 2. On the 14th day after the operation, group II (hydroxyethyldimethyldihydropyrimidine) was characterized an increase in the area of neovasculogenesis by 208.0 % (p < 0.001, U -criterion), a decrease in the volume of fluid accumulations by 63.4 % (p < 0.001, U-criterion), an increase in the processes of formation and maturation of connective tissue, mainly due to an increase in the number of fibrocytes by 333.3 % (p < 0.001, U-criterion). The parameters of the immune response to a foreign body had significant differences (p < 0.001, U-test).Conclusion. The use of potassium orotate and methyluracil reduces the inflammatory response in the tissues of the implantation area, however, it is associated with the appearance of liquid components and with a decrease in the formation of connective tissue cells. The use of hydroxyethyldimethyldihydropyrimidine is devoid of the above disadvantages, it is characterized by the predominance of regeneration and neovasculogenesis processes, which allows it to be used as a pharmacological support drug for prosthetic hernioplasty.

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Welkriana, Putri Widelia, i Tri Rahayu. "Gambaran Kadar Glukosa Darah Berdasarkan Kebiasaan Mengonsumsi Jus Jambu Biji Merah Pada Penderita DMT2". Organisms: Journal of Biosciences 2, nr 1 (2.06.2022): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/organisms.v2i1.11893.

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High glucose levels in people with diabetes/DM cause various changes in the body. One of the detrimental processes is called oxidation reaction which causes an increase in the formation of harmful substances called active radials. Red guava fruit (Psidium guajava L) is a tropical fruit, this fruit has been used for the treatment of Diabetes and other chronic diseases in traditional Chinese medicine for a long time. Guava fruit is free from saturated fatty acids and sodium, low in fat and energy, but high in dietary fiber, in guava there are also alkaloids and flavonoids compounds that can reduce blood glucose levels by increasing insulin secretion and increasing cell sensitivity to insulin. To find out the description of blood glucose levels based on the habit of consuming red guava juice in DMT2 patients at the Basuki Rahmad Health Center, Bengkulu City in 2021. This study is a descriptive study. The total sample is 34, taken by simple random sampling from capillary blood of DMT2 patients in the working area of the Basuki Rahmad Health Center, Bengkulu City. The examination was carried out using the POCT method. it was found that most of the average blood glucose levels in respondents who had the habit of consuming red guava juice had high blood glucose levels. abnormal glucose levels were 8 respondents (333.2 ± 129.10) and a small proportion had normal glucose levels as many as 5 respondents (100.2 ± 5.1), while most of the blood glucose levels were in respondents who did not have the habit of consuming guava juice. red blood glucose levels have abnormal as many as 21 respondents (292 ± 120.9).AbstrakKadar glukosa tinggi pada penderita kencing manis/DM menyebabkan berbagai perubahan di dalam tubuh. Salah satu proses merugikan dinamakan reaksi oksidasi yang menyebabkan peningkatan pembentukan zat berbahaya yang disebut radial aktif. Buah jambu biji merah (Psidium guajava L) merupakan buah tropis, buah ini telah digunakan untuk pengobatan Diabetes dan penyakit kronis lainnya dalam pengobatan tradisional tiongkok sejak lama. Buah jambu biji bebas dari asam lemak jenuh dan sodium, rendah lemak dan energi, tetapi tinggi akan serat pangan, di dalam jambu biji juga terdapat senyawa alkaloid dan flavonoid yang dapat menurunkan kadar kadar glukosa darah dengan meningkatkan sekresi insulin dan meningkatkan sensitivitas sel terhadap insulin. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran kadar glukosa darah berdasarkan kebiasaan mengonsumsi jus jambu biji merah pada Penderita DMT2 di Puskesmas Basuki Rahmad Kota Bengkulu Tahun 2021. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif. Total sampel sebanyak 34, diambil secara simple random sampling dari darah kapiler Penderita DMT2 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Basuki Rahmad Kota Bengkulu. Pemeriksaan dilakukan menggunakan metode POCT. Didapakan bahwa sebagian besar rata-rata kadar glukosa darah pada responden yang mempunyai kebiasaan mengonsumsi jus jambu biji merah memiliki kadar glukosa abnormal sebanyak 8 responden (333,2 ± 129,10) dan sebagian kecil mempunyai kadar glukosa normal sebanyak 5 responden (100,2 ± 5,1), sedangkan sebagian besar kadar glukosa darah pada responden yang tidak mempunyai kebiasaan mengonsumsi jus jambu biji merah mempunyai kadar glukosa darah abnormal sebanyak 21 responden (292 ± 120,9)

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Swanson, G., M. Shaikh, A. Keshavarzian i F. Scheer. "P072 Circadian misalignment by simulated night shifts decreases colonoid barrier integrity in Ulcerative Colitis". Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 17, Supplement_1 (30.01.2023): i238—i239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac190.0202.

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Abstract Background Circadian rhythms orchestrate multiple biological processes with 24-hour oscillations that regulate diverse bodily functions. The central clock is in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and orchestrates peripheral circadian clocks in every organ system including the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Previous work has shown that circadian misalignment in Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is associated with increased colonic permeability, and colonic organoids recapitulate the host circadian phenotype. The goals of this study were to examine whether circadian misalignment would disrupt the colonic barrier integrity in UC. Methods 5 subjects, 2 UC and 3 Healthy Controls (HC), were recruited into the study. All UC subjects were inactive (partial Mayo Score ≤ 1) and stable medications with no flares for the last 3 months. For two weeks prior to entry into the circadian lab all subjects were on a prescribed regular sleep schedule. Subjects were then kept in the circadian lab for 6 days with strict control of their light/dark cycle (Figure 1). All subjects then underwent two unprepped flexible sigmoidoscopies at: (1) baseline with circadian alignment and (2) after three days of simulated night shifts with circadian misalignment. Colonic organoids generated created from the colon tissue biopsies grown in Matrigel and barrier integrity was assessed in apical-out colonoids by FITC-Dextran (4 kDa) Net Fluorescence was estimated by ImageJ. Results Colonic organoids at baseline had significantly decreased ZO-1 in UC versus HC, Figure 2. At baseline there was an increase in UC colonic organoid barrier integrity as measured by net fluorescence (density/area). In UC vs HC barrier integrity was 855 ± 203.8 vs 333.1 ± 52.9, p<0.05. After three days of simulated night shifts, barrier integrity significantly increased in both groups at was 1100 ± 342 vs 656 ± 197.9,p <0.5 (Figure 3). After 24 hours of treatment with cytokines, barrier integrity in HC, UC, misaligned HC, and misaligned UC was 2227 ± 376, 2030 ± 264, 1787 ± 402, and 1506 ± 332, (Figure 4). Conclusion Circadian misalignment by alternation of light:dark cycles (simulated night shift) causes misalignment of host central clock and impacts circadian regulated biological process like tight junction proteins which decreases colonic barrier integrity. This study highlights the importance of studying environmental factors that impact circadian timing in UC including night shift work which may be a significant risk factor for a disease flare. Further in vivo and in vitro studies are ongoing to determine the mechanisms through which circadian misalignment impacts colonic barrier integrity in UC (NCT05180279).

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Knyazev, O., A. V. Kagramanova, A. Lishchinskaya i D. Kulakov. "P338 The dependence of the level of Glycoprotein type 2 on the level of Zonulin in Crohn's disease". Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 18, Supplement_1 (1.01.2024): i731. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad212.0468.

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Abstract Background Introduction. Type 2 glycoprotein (GP2) is a quantitatively predominant membrane protein of excretory granules of pancreatic acinar cells. In a number of studies, it has been demonstrated that this protein is the main antigen for pancreatic antibodies associated with Crohn's disease Zonulin – a protein that can reversibly increase the permeability of the intestinal wall by changing the structure of tight junctions of the lateral surfaces of intestinal epithelial cells. The determination of fecal zonulin is used for noninvasive assessment of increased intestinal permeability. Normal values of zonulin in stool (≤ 110 ng/ml) indicate the absence of damage to the villous surface of the intestinal mucosa and normal density of intercellular contacts The aim of the study was to establish the dependence of the level of type 2 glycoprotein on the level of fecal zonulin (FZ) in the feces of CD patients with exacerbation of the disease. Methods 122 patients with CD in the form of ilekolitis with exacerbation of the disease (Me age — 32 years) were examined. FZ was evaluated by ELISA (IDK ® Zonulin ELISA Kit, Immunodiagnostik AG, Germany) in ng/ml. Reference values: < 83.15 ng/ml is a variant of the norm, 83.15-110 ng/ml is an elevated level, 110 ng/ml is a high level. The level of IgG and IgA to GP2 (antibodies to glycoprotein) antigen of pancreatic centroacinar cells (Anti-GP2, IgG, IgA) was determined by ELISA. Reference values: IgG GP-2 less than 10 units/ml, Ig and GP-2 less than 5 units/ml – positive values. Results In the stool samples of CD patients during the period of exacerbation in 92 patients, an increase in FZ was detected, the average value was 333.4 ±16.9 ng/ml. In the blood samples of 87 patients with CD during the period of exacerbation, an increase in Ig A GP-2 was detected, the average value was 43.4±6.9 units/ml. In the blood samples of 107 CD patients during the period of exacerbation, an increase in Ig G GP-2 was detected, the average value was 17.1 ± 1.3 units/ml. There is a high correlation force between the concentration of FZ and the concentration of Ig A GP-2 (r-0.760) (p=0.010). There is a moderate correlation force (r-0.490) (p=0.023) between the concentration of FZ and the concentration of Ig G GP-2. Conclusion An increase in the concentration of FZ in the feces of CD patients during exacerbation significantly correlates with an increase in the concentration of Ig A GP-2 and Ig G GP-2.

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Prikryl, P., L. Spogli, P. T. Jayachandran, J. Kinrade, C. N. Mitchell, B. Ning, G. Li i in. "Interhemispheric comparison of GPS phase scintillation at high latitudes during the magnetic-cloud-induced geomagnetic storm of 5–7 April 2010". Annales Geophysicae 29, nr 12 (21.12.2011): 2287–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-29-2287-2011.

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Abstract. Arrays of GPS Ionospheric Scintillation and TEC Monitors (GISTMs) are used in a comparative scintillation study focusing on quasi-conjugate pairs of GPS receivers in the Arctic and Antarctic. Intense GPS phase scintillation and rapid variations in ionospheric total electron content (TEC) that can result in cycle slips were observed at high latitudes with dual-frequency GPS receivers during the first significant geomagnetic storm of solar cycle 24 on 5–7 April 2010. The impact of a bipolar magnetic cloud of north-south (NS) type embedded in high speed solar wind from a coronal hole caused a geomagnetic storm with maximum 3-hourly Kp = 8- and hourly ring current Dst = −73 nT. The interhemispheric comparison of phase scintillation reveals similarities but also asymmetries of the ionospheric response in the northern and southern auroral zones, cusps and polar caps. In the nightside auroral oval and in the cusp/cleft sectors the phase scintillation was observed in both hemispheres at about the same times and was correlated with geomagnetic activity. The scintillation level was very similar in approximately conjugate locations in Qiqiktarjuaq (75.4° N; 23.4° E CGM lat. and lon.) and South Pole (74.1° S; 18.9° E), in Longyearbyen (75.3° N; 111.2° E) and Zhongshan (74.7° S; 96.7° E), while it was significantly higher in Cambridge Bay (77.0° N; 310.1° E) than at Mario Zucchelli (80.0° S; 307.7° E). In the polar cap, when the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) was strongly northward, the ionization due to energetic particle precipitation was a likely cause of scintillation that was stronger at Concordia (88.8° S; 54.4° E) in the dark ionosphere than in the sunlit ionosphere over Eureka (88.1° N; 333.4° E), due to a difference in ionospheric conductivity. When the IMF tilted southward, weak or no significant scintillation was detected in the northern polar cap, while in the southern polar cap rapidly varying TEC and strong phase scintillation persisted for many hours. This interhemispheric asymmetry is explained by the difference in the location of solar terminator relative to the cusps in the Northern and Southern Hemisphere. Solar terminator was in the immediate proximity of the cusp in the Southern Hemisphere where sunlit ionospheric plasma was readily convected into the central polar cap and a long series of patches was observed. In contrast, solar terminator was far poleward of the northern cusp thus reducing the entry of sunlit plasma and formation of dense patches. This is consistent with the observed and modeled seasonal variation in occurrence of polar cap patches. The GPS scintillation and TEC data analysis is supported by data from ground-based networks of magnetometers, riometers, ionosondes, HF radars and all-sky imagers, as well as particle flux measurements by DMSP satellites.

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Shanmugaraj, C., K. Saranraj i M. K. Biswas. "Assessment of Various Substrates for Shiitake Mushroom (Lentinula edodes) Cultivation in the Agro-Climatic Conditions of West Bengal". Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology 27, nr 5 (30.04.2024): 918–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jabb/2024/v27i5853.

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Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of different substrates on various stages of shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) cultivation to optimize growth and yield. Study Design: A Completely Randomized Design with three replications for each treatment was employed to ensure statistical reliability. Duncan's multiple range tests were utilized at a significance level of 5% to evaluate differences between treatments. Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted at the Mushroom Research Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), located in Sriniketan, Birbhum district, West Bengal, throughout the year 2023. Methodology: Different substrates including lentil husks, rice straw, wheat straw, sawdust, and mustard pods were evaluated for their impact on spawn run completion, mycelial bump formation, and sporocarp formation durations. Each substrate's performance was assessed in terms of sporocarp production and biological efficiency. Results: Across the three strains (LE-01, LE-02, and LE-03), lentil husks consistently exhibited the shortest spawn run duration, averaging 34.59 to 37.00 days. Following closely, wheat straw displayed favorable performance with durations ranging from 39.20 to 41.23 days. Sawdust also proved efficient, albeit slightly longer than lentil husks and wheat straw. Conversely, maize cobs and sugarcane bagasse exhibited longer spawn run durations, averaging from 57.80 to 64.90 days. For mycelial bump formation, lentil husks again showed the shortest duration, averaging 42.67 to 45.77 days across the strains. Wheat straw followed suit with durations ranging from 48.93 to 50.20 days, while sawdust demonstrated favorable times albeit slightly longer. Conversely, maize cobs and sugarcane bagasse exhibited longer mycelial bump formation times, ranging from 68.11 to 74.40 days. For sporocarp formation, lentil husks and sawdust emerged as top performers with the shortest durations, averaging 76.66 to 81.52 days. Conversely, maize cobs exhibited the longest sporocarp formation time, averaging 97.43 days. In terms of sporocarp yield, rice straw yielded the highest, averaging 27.67 sporocarps per bag, followed by wheat straw with 24.33 sporocarps per bag. Lentil husks, while efficient in other aspects, produced an average of 21.78 sporocarps per bag, trailing slightly behind rice straw and wheat straw. Regarding yield and biological efficiency, sawdust displayed superior performance, yielding an average of 384.57 grams per 750 grams of substrate with a biological efficiency of 51.18%. Lentil husks and rice straw exhibited comparable performance in yield and biological efficiency, with lentil husks yielding 367.81 grams and rice straw yielding 333.09 grams per 750 grams of substrate, both with biological efficiencies around 47-48%. Conversely, mustard pods exhibited the lowest yield and biological efficiency, averaging 269.02 grams per 750 grams of substrate with a biological efficiency of 35.91%. Conclusion: The study underscores the importance of substrate selection in optimizing various stages of L. edodes cultivation. Lentil husks emerged as a promising substrate choice for rapid mycelial growth, but its sporocarp production lagged behind other substrates. Sawdust proved to be the top-performing substrate in terms of yield and biological efficiency, indicating its efficacy in supporting robust mushroom growth.

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Martín-Varillas, J. L., L. Sanchez-Bilbao, V. Calvo-Río, A. Adan, I. Hernanz Rodriguez, M. Cordero-Coma, D. Díaz Valle i in. "POS1351 CERTOLIZUMAB PEGOL VS ADALIMUMAB IN THE TREATMENT OF REFRACTORY CYSTOID MACULAR EDEMA DUE TO BEHÇET’S DISEASE. MULTICENTER STUDY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (23.05.2022): 1014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.3331.

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BackgroundCystoid Macular Edema (CME) is the leading cause of blindness in non-infectious uveitis. Behçet’s disease (BD) is one of the diseases most frequently associated with CME [1-4].Objectivesto compare the efficacy and safety of Certolizumab (CZP) and Adalimumab (ADA) in CME due to BD refractory to conventional therapy.Methodsmulticenter study of patients with CME secondary to BD refractory to glucocorticoids (GC) and at least 1 conventional immunosuppressant. All patients had CME (OCT>300µ) at baseline. Efficacy was assessed with the following ocular parameters: macular thickness (µm), visual acuity (BCVA) and GC-sparing effect. The efficacy of CZP vs. ADA was compared between the baseline visit, 1st and 6th month, and 1st and 2nd year. Statistical analysis was performed with IBM SPSS Statistics v.23.ResultsWe studied 21 patients/38 affected eyes were studied. 10 patients were treated with CZP (200 mg c/2 weeks) and 11 with ADA (loading dose of 80 mg and subsequently 40 mg c/2 weeks).No statistically significant baseline differences were observed in both groups (CZP vs. ADA) in sex (♂/♀; 3/7 vs 5/6; p=0.65) and mean age (36.1±8.0 vs 42.2±8.6; p=0.10). However, CZP group was more severe with a longer time between EB diagnosis and biologic initiation (91.6±71.4 vs 34.4±21.3 months, p=0.02), and a greater median [IQR] number of previous biologic drugs (2 [0.75-3] vs 0 [0-0]). In CZP group, 8 patients were previously treated with ADA.Combined therapy with conventional DMARDs was used with ADA in 81.8% vs. 18.2% of CZP patients.Regarding the efficacy outcomes analyzed, a rapid and maintained improvement in macular thickness, measured by OCT, was observed after 2 years of follow-up in both groups with no statistically significant differences between them (Table 1). Improvement in visual acuity and a GC-sparing effect was also observed (Table 1).Table 1.main ocular parameters compared in the CZP-treated group and in the ADA-treated group.CZP(n=10)ADA(n=11)PBaseline OCT (µm, mean±SD)380.7±96.4416.9±171.10.56 BCVA (mean±SD)0.72±0.300.57±0.200.21 Prednisone (mg/dl, mean±SD)13.1±11.434.1±18.90.071st month OCT (µm, mean±SD)333.7±60.4302±44.20.19 BCVA (mean±SD)0.80±0.270.72±0.180.45 Prednisone (mg/dl, mean±SD)8.1±5.5112.1±6.40.316th month OCT (µm, mean±SD)284.4±45.5272.8±38.90.53 BCVA (mean±SD)0.82±0.230.86±0.160.65 Prednisone (mg/dl, mean±SD)6.8±6.66.1±2.80.921st year OCT (µm, mean±SD)269.0±46.8260.9±39.50.67 BCVA (mean±SD)0.82±0.230.89±0.170.48 Prednisone (mg/dl, mean±SD)6.2±3.05.8±2.10.872nd year OCT (µm, mean±SD)289.4±49.3248.0±42.00.16 BCVA (mean±SD)0.87±0.200.87±0.171.0 Prednisone (mg/dl, mean±SD)3.7±1.23.1±2.30.90No serious adverse events were observed in either group.ConclusionOur study suggests that both CZP and ADA are effective in the treatment of CME due to BD refractory to conventional treatment. CZP was equally effective despite most patients were refractory to ADA.References[1]Schaap-Fogler M, et al. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2014 Apr;252(4):633-40. doi: 10.1007/s00417-013-2552-8.[2]Martín-Varillas JL, et al. Ophthalmology 2018; 125:1444-1451 doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.02.020[3]Martín-Varillas JL, et al. J Rheumatol. 2021;48:741-750. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.200300[4]Vegas-Revenga N et al Am J Ophthalmol. 2019;200:85-94. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2018.12.019Disclosure of InterestsNone declared

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Obuhova, O. V., A. S. Bogomazova, A. N. Meshkov i M. V. Ezhov. "Economic aspects of the cardiology program expansion of additional drugs provision by effective lipidlowering drugs for hypercholesterolemia control". Kachestvennaya Klinicheskaya Praktika = Good Clinical Practice, nr 4 (4.03.2024): 108–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37489/2588-0519-2023-4-108-119.

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The federal program of preferential drug provision in cardiology shows its effectiveness. However, hypercholesterolemia (HCH) remains a significant problem in patients in whom high-dose statin therapy does not provide the target level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL cholesterol). The solution to the problem lies in the plane of prescribing lipid-lowering drugs of a different mechanism of action, for example, inhibitors of the PCSK9 enzyme. To recommend the inclusion of such kind drugs in the program, it is necessary not only to have evidence of their life-saving effect, but also the economic feasibility of their use. Aim: to evaluate the economic efficacy of alirocumab (INN) including in the federal program for patients who have suffered an acute coronary event, are receiving statins and have an LDL CH level of 5.0 mmol/l and higher.Materials and methods. Modeling was applied in a target group of 3029 patients of working age who had undergone ACS during the previous 12 months with severe, including familial, HCH, with LDL cholesterol 5.0 mmol/l and higher, receiving statins taking into account previously determined outcomes when using alirocumab + statins for 5 years. Direct medical and non-medical costs, as well as indirect costs, are identified. The cost-effectiveness analysis was applied from the point of view of the effectiveness of treatment (effects on mortality, temporary disability, disability) and direct health care costs (additional drug provision and outpatient follow-up, specialized, including high-tech, medical care in a 24‑hour hospital). Two healthcare technologies were compared: statin therapy and use of alirocumab + statins. The calculations used according to domestic methods used the cost of medical treatment, temporary disability, hospitalizations, loss of GDP and other parameters.Results. Modeling has shown a decrease in mortality, morbidity and disability when using alirocumab in even the first year of use. The economic effect of alirocumab from a decrease in temporary disability in the 1st year is 304.5 mln rub., in the 2nd — 301.5 mln rub., in the 3rd — 321.1 mln rub., in the 4th — 333.1 mln rub. The estimated amount of prevented GDP losses from mortality in the target group for 4 years in the case of alirocumab use amounted to 1,260.2 mln rub. The annual amount of avoidable GDP losses from mortality in the target group in the case of alirocumab is 27–30 %. The annual average savings per patient in the case of alirocumab use are from 7 to 17 %. The greatest impact on reducing losses from disability and mortality of the target group is noted in the group of people aged 40–59 years. Only for this group, if alirocumab is used, it is possible to reduce losses from disability and mortality by 159.2 million rubles per year (83 % of the total economic effect). Starting from the 4th year of alirocumab use, it is possible to obtain a positive economic effect in terms of hospitalization costs.Conclusion. When alirocumab is included in the program of additional drug provision in cardiology, the share of costs for the purchase of alirocumab for the target group may be only 0.01 %. At the same time, the economic effect of inclusion in the first year alone will amount to at least 393.4 million rubles of budget funds. The total amount of avoidable losses due to the alirocumab usage may amount to 1,638 million rubles over 4 years.

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Brunner, Andrew M., Seth A. Wander, Donna Neuberg, Hossein Sadrzadeh, Karen K. Ballen, Philip C. Amrein, Eyal C. Attar i in. "Diagnostic Features and 2-Hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) Levels Among Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Patients with and without Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Mutations". Blood 124, nr 21 (6.12.2014): 1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.1045.1045.

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Abstract Mutations in genes encoding isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 (IDH 1/2) enzymes result in increased 2-hydroxyguterate (2-HG) levels, which may provide a non-invasive marker of disease in IDH-mutant AML. The purpose of this study was to characterize patients with IDH-mutant AML by assessing presenting features, concurrent mutations, and 2-HG levels. From 7-2011 through 6-2014, we identified 170 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed AML and measured 2-HG by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in serum, urine, marrow aspirate, and marrow pellet samples. All patients had IDH1 R132, IDH2 R140 and R172 testing; 169/170 had hotspot mutational profiling for AKT1, APC, BRAF, CTNNB1, EGFR, ERBB2, KIT, KRAS, MAP2K1,NOTCH1, NRAS, PIK3CA, P53, and PTEN. We assessed FLT3 (168/170), NPM1 (168/170), CEBPA (100/170) mutational status as routine clinical care; 2 patients had BCR/ABL alterations, and 6 were JAK2 positive (of 36 tested). IDH1/2-mutant were compared to wildtype (WT) patients using a Wilcoxon rank sum test, Fisher's exact test, or Kruskal Wallis test, as appropriate. The group was 54% male; 83% white, 2.4% black, 2.4% Asian, and 6.5% Hispanic. 12 patients had APL. IDH mutations included IDH1 R132C (n=10), IDH2 R172 (n=7), and IDH2 140Q (n=22). Other mutations included NPM1 (20.8%), FLT3-ITD (17.3%), FLT3-TKD (6.6%), NRAS (18.4%), TP53 (3%), KRAS (6.5%), and KIT (1.2%). CEBPA mutations occurred in 13 of 100 patients. IDH mutations (n=39) more frequently co-occurred with normal cytogenetics and NPM1 mutations, vs IDH-WT, consistent with prior reports (Table 1). No patients with favorable cytogenetics harbored an IDH1/2 mutation. Significantly higher 2-HG levels were detected among those with IDH1/2 mutations compared to IDH WT, in the serum (p<0.0001), urine (p<0.0001), marrow aspirate (p<0.0001) and marrow pellet (p<0.0001). Overall, elevated 2-HG levels were present regardless of type of IDH mutation. Serum and marrow pellet 2-HG levels were elevated (> 1000 ng/mL in serum and > 1000ng/2x10^6 cells in marrow pellet) in 30/38 and 24/29 IDH-mutant patients, respectively, compared to 1/129 and 5/117 IDH WT patients. All but 2 IDH-mutant patients displayed either or both an elevated marrow pellet or serum 2-HG. Patients with IDH2 R172 mutations had lower marrow 2HG levels compared to those with R140Q mutations (Figure 1, p=0.0434). The WBC and blast count was lower among IDH2 R172-mutant compared to R140Q- or IDH1 R132C-mutant patients (p= 0.0134 and p=0.0039, respectively); there was no significant difference in serum 2HG levels. All three canonical IDH1/2 mutations have higher 2HG levels compared to IDH WT. IDH2 R172 mutated AML may present with lower WBC counts and peripheral blast percentage compared to IDH1 R132C and IDH2 R140Q mutant AML. Urine and serum 2HG levels effectively identify patients with mutant IDH1/2, of particular relevance given targeted therapies for these mutations. Table 1. Characteristics of IDH1/2-mutant and WT AML patients. IDH1/2 Mutated IDH1/2 WT p-value Age, y (median, range) 67 (41-86) 65 (20-87) 0.4718 AML History (n, %) De Novo 28 (72%) 82 (63%) 0.6336 Therapy-related 4 (10%) 15 (11%) MDS 2 (5%) 17 (13%) Cytogenetic Risk (n, %) Favorable 0 23 (18%) 0.0006 Intermediate 30 (81%) 71 (55%) Normal 25 (68%) 44 (34%) Poor 7 (19%) 34 (27%) Concurrent Mutations (n, %) NPM1 15 (38%) 20 (16%) 0.0033 FLT3-ITD 3 (8%) 26 (20%) 0.0907 FLT3-TKD 2 (5%) 9 (7%) 1.000 CEBPA Heterozygous Homozygous 3 (14%) 0 8 (10%) 2 (3%) 0.8118 NRAS 9 (23%) 22 (17%) 0.4788 KRAS 0 11 (8%) 0.0700 KIT 1 (3%) 1 (1%) 0.4093 P53 1 (3%) 4 (3%) 1.000 Table 2. WBC and 2-HG levels by IDH mutation (median, range). BQL, below quantitative limit. IDH1 R132C N= 10 IDH2 R172 N=7 IDH2 R140Q N=22 IDH WT N=131 WBC count 10.1 [1.8-333.2] 1.6 [0.7-3.2] 5.9 [0.9-122.8] 6.3 [0.4-315.4] Peripheral blast % 33.0 [0-98] 1.0 [0-9.8] 18.2 [2-91] 15 [0-94] Marrow aspirate 2-HG (ng/mL) 20,900 [1330-93500] (n=7) 4300 [2230-26000] (n=6) 30800 [BQL-311000] (n=19) BQL [BQL-22000] (n=116) Serum 2-HG (ng/mL) 1807 [101-66207] (n=9) 1102 [287-2908] (n=7) 1464 [365.1-11696] (n=22) 86.9 [BQL-1224] (n=128) Urine 2-HG (ng/mL) 33850 [7260-282000] (n=10) 7430 [2460-63700] (n=7) 11300 [2070-177000] (n=20) 3140 [BQL-53200] (n=125) Marrow pellet 2-HG (ng/2*10^6 cells) 13680 [193-172,800] (n=7) 7480 [1056-79600] (n=5) 5560 [564-96400] (n=17) 65 [BQL-4040] (n=116) Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Brunner: NIH T32 CA 71345-18: Research Funding. Attar:Agios: Employment. Yen:Agios: Employment. Yang:Agios Pharmaceuticals: Employment, Stockholder Other. Straley:Agios: Employment. Agresta:Agios Pharmaceuticals: Employment, Stockholder Other. Stone:Agios: Consultancy. Fathi:Millennium: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Advisory Board, Advisory Board Other; Agios: Advisory Board, Advisory Board Other.

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Chiu, Y. H., M. Voortman, E. M. Delemarre, S. Nierkens, P. De Jong, F. Mohamed Hoesein, J. M. Van Laar i J. Spierings. "AB0812 BIOMARKERS FOR CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASE-ASSOCIATED INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE: A PILOT STUDY". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (19.05.2021): 1430.1–1431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.157.

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Background:Connective tissue disease (CTD)-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD) has high morbidity and increased mortality risk. Biomarkers that can predict prognosis and response to therapy have been studied in recent years, including cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, growth factors, extracellular remodelling molecules and pneumocyte associated proteins. However, there is still a knowledge gap for interpreting biomarkers in the context of imaging and response.Objectives:The aim of our study was to identify biomarkers that are associated with inflammatory and fibrotic changes over time on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and response to treatment in CTD-ILD.Methods:An exploratory set of 38 biomarkers were measured in serum of patients with CTD-ILD using a multiplex immunoassay, chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Samples were taken at baseline and one year of follow-up. Clinical data was extracted from electronic medical patients records. Two experienced chest radiologists independently and blindly reviewed the HRCTs. A third expert reviewed the scan in case of discrepancies. They classified ILD patterns according to the classification for idiopathic interstitial pneumonia and categorised into fibrotic or inflammatory. Association between biomarkers at baseline and pulmonary function test (PFT) and HRCT changes in response to treatment were analysed by logistic regression. Responsiveness of biomarkers to treatment was determined using the paired Wilcoxon sign rank test. Correlations between the variation of biomarkers and PFT after one year of treatment were examined using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient.Results:Sixteen patients were included (12 females (75.0%), median age 51 years (IQR 45–62). Underlying CTDs were systemic sclerosis (n=5), Sjogren’s syndrome (n=1), inflammatory myopathies (n=6), rheumatoid arthritis (n=1), systemic lupus erythematosus (n=1), mixed connective tissue disease (n=1), and undifferentiated connective tissue disease (n=1). There were three patients with a fibrotic HRCT pattern and 13 patients with an inflammatory HRCT pattern.Biomarkers attenuation in CXCL11, CTGF, and KL-6 were associated with inflammatory HRCT patterns as well as less HRCT progression and fewer FVC decline. Furthermore, a decrease in CTGF was observed in patients treated with MMF and corticoids, while a reduction in CXCL11 and SPD were seen in patients treated with hydroxychloroquine. (Table 1) Additionally, an increase in levels of galectin-3 at one-year follow-up was associated with improved predicted FVC (Rho 0.5, p=0.048). (Figure 1)Table 1.Biomarker responses to clinical treatmentTreatmentBiomarkersBaseline, Median (IQR)Follow up,Median (IQR)Variation percentagepMMFCTGF (pg/ml)110.69 (63.21–158.06)4.73 (4.73–45.3)-95.730.036(n=7)sVCAM (pg/ml)2061300 (1939200–3042250)1767600 (1707100–1986350)-14.250.031HCQCXCL11 (pg/ml)699.30 (392.50–764.50)333.39 (223.1–487.92)-52.330.031(n=6)SPD (ng/ml)18.70 (13.40–28.73)16.80 (11.70–22.80)-10.160.031SteroidCTGF (pg/ml)81.93 (20.80–158.06)12.76 (4.73–56.74)-84.430.044(n=11)MMP-7 (pg/ml)3146.3 (1779.7–3997.0)4563.3 (2951.9–7625.8)45.040.005IQR, interquartile range; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; HCQ, hydroxychloroquine; CTGF, connective tissue growth factor; sVCAM, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1; SPD, surfactant protein D; MMP-7, matrix metalloproteinase 7.Conclusion:In this pilot study, CXCL11, CTGF, and KL-6 reduction were associated with inflammatory HRCT patterns and better pulmonary outcome. In contrast to previous research in severe ILD, there was a positive correlation between changes of Galectin-3 and FVC in our study. Further research in a larger group and focusing on combining biomarkers to predict outcome and prognosis are needed.Figure 1.Acknowledgements:We want to thank the Utrecht Immunity and Infection cohort for providing the serum samples, Marieke Vianen for the support in data management and Annemieke Sloeserwij for her help in collecting the samples. We want to thank Henk Ruven from St. Antonius Hospital Utrecht for measuring Krebs von den Lungen 6, and surfactant protein D. We acknowledge Boehringer Ingelheim B.V. the Netherlands for providing financial support for this study.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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Aßmann, G., J. Weghorn, M. Bewarder, F. Gellrich, C. Rittich, C. Pfoehler i F. Neumann. "POS0614 INTERLEUKIN-17 MEDIATED INFLAMMATORY AND PRO-FIBROTIC ACTIVITY OF SKIN FIBROBLASTS DERIVED FROM SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS PATIENTS (SSc) COMPARED WITH HEALTHY CONTROLS (HC)". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (30.05.2023): 579–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.3654.

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BackgroundSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune connective tissue disease defined by fibrosis of skin an internal organs as well as vascular impairment. Furthermore, in addition to the fibrosis several autoimmune features of SSc often show a phenotype of auto-inflammation. As recently published T-cell proliferation and, in particular, T helper 17 (Th17) cells with their cytokine interleukin-17 seem to play an important role in the pathogenesis of the fibro-inflammatory environment of the tissue in SSc.ObjectivesHere we investigated cultures of skin fibroblasts derived from SSc and healthy controls (HC) to evaluate the different expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic proteins and cytokines (defined as biomarkers) after stimulation of interleukin-17 (IL-17) and tumor growth factor-beta (TGF-β), measured by concentrations in the cellular supernatant.MethodsThe current study was approved by the Ethics Committee at the Saarland University, all participants of the study gave their written informed consent for their participation in the study. SSc patients (n = 8, aged 43 to 65 years) and healthy controls (n = 4, aged 40 to 53 years) underwent a skin biopsy of the lateral abdominal wall. Fibroblasts isolated from the surgical samples were cultured for 5-8 passages according to standard procedures. The cells were stimulated by 25 ng/ml of IL-17 or 2.5 ng/ml of TGF-β for 48 h. The supernatant of the different fibroblast cultures was analysed for the following biomarkers: pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1-beta, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), preferentially anti-fibrinolytic and/or pro-fibrotic proteins such as matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), procollagen, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFPB-3), and Lysyloxidase-1 (LOX-1). The concentrations of these biomarkers were analysed applying commercial ELISA standard tests (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, MMP-1, procollagen, and IGFBP-3). The differences between SSc and HC (without and after stimulation with IL-17 or TGB-β, respectively) were statistically analysed by t-test (with fisher`s correction).ResultsIL-6, MCP-1 and procollagen secreted by native fibroblasts showed a significant higher concentration in SSc compared to HC in unstimulated conditions. In contrast, the anti-fibrotic efficient protein MMP-1 reached a significant lower concentration in SSc-derived fibroblasts, the significant differences between SSc and HC could also be reproduced after IL-17 stimulation (Table 1), whereas after stimulation with TGF-β the differences between SSc and HC were only significant for IL-6 and MCP-1. The remaining proteins and cytokines which were investigated (IL-1-β, IGFPB-3, LOX-1) do not resulted in significant differences.Table 1.biomarkers cell culture supernatants of fibroblasts derived from SSc patients and HCGrowthIL-6MCP-1MMP-1ProcollagenconditionSScHCSScHCSScHCSScHCNative0.22*0.030.37*0.1213.53*35.96885.3*333.0+/- SE0.040.010.040.021.364.8932.650.9after IL-173.95*1.576.20*2.9977.41**162.22957.2**323.8+/- SE0.750.130.710.518.1624.7437.4941.7after TGF-β0.810.600.470.379.67*17.83875.4**525.8+/- SE0.101.700.060.102.342.1343.350.3Biomarker concentrations given in ng/ml; significant differences of concentrations between SSc and HC without or after stimulation (with TGF-β or IL-17, respectively) with * p-value p < 0.05 or ** p-value < 0.01ConclusionSkin fibroblasts in SSc patients showed significantly stronger pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic properties compared with healthy controls as an indication of the fibro-inflammatory character of the disease. Furthermore, the significant increase of the expression of IL-6, MCP-1, procollagen and the decrease of the anti-fibrotic efficient protein MMP-1 after IL-17 stimulation suggests IL-17 as a well promising target in SSc.Reference[1]Bellando-Randone et al, JSRD (2021) Vol. 6(3) 227-235Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsGunter Aßmann Consultant of: Advisory boards for Novartis, AbbVie, Boehringer Ingelheim, Astrazeneca (2017-2022), Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Jan Weghorn: None declared, Moritz Bewarder: None declared, Finn Gellrich: None declared, Christoph Rittich: None declared, Claudia Pfoehler Consultant of: Advisory boards for AbbVie, Novartis, Astrazeneca, BMS, Frank Neumann: None declared.

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Chamorro, Yolcar, Reshma Mahtani, Shanada Monestime, Manmeet Ahluwalia, Muni Rubens, Natasha Harpalani i Ana Sandoval-Leon. "Abstract P6-08-11: Hyperglycemia in Hispanic MBC patients treated with alpelisib: single institution retrospective study". Cancer Research 83, nr 5_Supplement (1.03.2023): P6–08–11—P6–08–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-p6-08-11.

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Abstract Background: PIK3CA mutations are found in up to 40% of hormone receptor positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (HER2-) metastatic breast cancers (MBC). Alpelisib is an orally bioavailable PIK3CA inhibitor approved in combination with fulvestrant based on the SOLAR-1 study. However, uptake has been limited due to toxicity concerns, most commonly hyperglycemia (grade ≥3 was 37% in SOLAR-1 and 28% in the BYLieve study, which evaluated alpelisib after progression on a CDK 4/6 inhibitor). Patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes (T2DM) were excluded from both studies [defined as fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level >140 mg per deciliter, or a glycosylated hemoglobin (HgbA1C) level of >6.4%]. Of note, both trials enrolled a majority of non-Hispanic White (NHW) patients. Disparities regarding prevalence of diabetes has been reported among Hispanics (H). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that H are more likely to have T2DM than NHW (approximately 17% vs 8% respectively). Our study aims to characterize the incidence and management of hyperglycemia in H MBC patients treated with alpelisib. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed to include patients with HR+ HER2- MBC with a documented PIK3CA mutation treated with alpelisib in combination with fulvestrant at Miami Cancer Institute from 2019-2022. Patients were identified using pharmacy records and the COTA real-world database (RWD, an analytics platform enabling investigation of longitudinal RWD). Cases were excluded where the start date was unclear, or treatment was given for a diagnosis other than breast cancer. Based on available data in the medical record, patients were categorized as H or NH. Descriptive statistics were used to describe variables in both groups of patients. Results: Of 46 patients identified, 34 were included in the final analysis (17 H and 17 NH). The median age was 63 y (range 32-87). The most common PIK3CA mutation identified was H1047R (41.2% of H and 23.5% of NH; p > 0.05). Starting body mass index (BMI) was higher in H compared to NH (29.9 vs 24.8; p < 0.05). Starting FPG was the same for both groups (115 mg/dL), and within the first two weeks on treatment the highest FPG was higher in H vs NH (250 mg/dL vs 157 mg/dL; p > 0.05). H also had the highest peak glucose when compared to NH (333.8 mg/dL vs 217.8 mg/dL; p < 0.05). Furthermore, by the end of treatment H had a higher FBG than NH (247.4 mg/dL vs 118.0 mg/dL; p < 0.05). Overall, any grade hyperglycemia occurred in 70.6% (82.4% H, 58.8% NH; p > 0.05, with high rates of grade 3/4 hyperglycemia in both groups (53% H 41% NH; p > 0.05). A higher percentage of H patients required more than one anti-hyperglycemic medication as compared to NH (41% vs 12%; p > 0.05). Hispanics time on treatment was shorter compared to NH (151 vs 240 days; p > 0. 05). Disease progression was the most frequent reason for treatment discontinuation in both groups 52.9%. However, more H patients discontinued alpelisib due to hyperglycemia (23.5% vs 5.9%; p > 0.31). Conclusions: Despite starting treatment with similar FPG levels, H had a higher peak plasma glucose level compared to NH. Although not statistically significant, likely due to a small sample size, the rates of hyperglycemia within two weeks of treatment was higher in H than NH. Furthermore, H required the use of more antiglycemic medications and had higher discontinuation rates. Therefore, there is a heightened need to increase education and awareness of glucose monitoring in H during treatment with alpelisib. Further prospective studies are warranted to better define the optimal management of hyperglycemia in H patients. Citation Format: Yolcar Chamorro, Reshma Mahtani, Shanada Monestime, Manmeet Ahluwalia, Muni Rubens, Natasha Harpalani, Ana Sandoval-Leon. Hyperglycemia in Hispanic MBC patients treated with alpelisib: single institution retrospective study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-08-11.

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Walker, Daniel, Amar Udare, Robert Chatelain, Matthew McInnes, Trevor Flood i Nicola Schieda. "Utility of material-specific fat images derived from rapid-kVp-switch dual-energy renal mass CT for diagnosis of renal angiomyolipoma". Acta Radiologica, 22.09.2020, 028418512095981. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0284185120959819.

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Background Renal angiomyolipoma (AML) are benign masses that require detection of macroscopic fat for accurate diagnosis. Purpose To evaluate fat material-specific images derived from dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) to diagnose renal AML. Material and Methods This retrospective case-control study evaluated 25 renal AML and 44 solid renal masses (41 renal cell carcinomas, three other tumors) imaged with rapid-kVp-switch DECT (120 kVp non-contrast-enhanced [NECT], 70-keV corticomedullary [CM], and 120-kVp nephrographic [NG]-phase CECT) during 2017–2018. A radiologist measured attenuation (Hounsfield Units [HU]) on NECT, CM-CECT, NG-CECT, and fat concentration (mg/mL) using fat-water base-pair images. Results At NECT, 100% (44/44) non-AML and 4.0% (1/25) AML measured >–15 HU. At CM-CECT and NG-CECT, 24.0% (6/25) and 20.0% (5/25) AML measured >–15 HU (size 6–20 mm). To diagnose AML, area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) using –15 HU was: 0.98 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.98–1.00) NECT, 0.88 (95% CI 0.79–0.91) CM-CECT, and 0.90 (95% CI 0.82–0.98) NG-CECT. At DECT, fat concentration was higher in AML (163.7 ± 333.9 [–553.0 to 723.5] vs. –2858.1 ± 460.3 [–2421.2 to –206.0] mg/mL, P<0.001). AUC to diagnose AML using ≥–206.0 mg/mL threshold was 0.98 (95% CI 0.95–1.0) with sensitivity/specificity of 92.0%/96.7%. Of AML, 8.0% (2/25) were incorrectly classified; one of these was fat-poor. AUC was higher for fat concentration compared to HU measurements on CM-CECT and NG-CECT ( P=0.009–0.050) and similar to NECT ( P=0.98). Conclusion DECT material-specific fat images can help confirm the presence of macroscopic fat in renal AML which may be useful to establish a diagnosis if unenhanced CT is unavailable.

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Kampf, Anthony R., Jason B. Smith, John M. Hughes, Chi Ma i Christopher Emproto. "New Minerals from the Redmond Mine, North Carolina, USA: VII. Zincochenite, the Zn Analogue of Chenite". Canadian Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology, 30.05.2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3749/2400007.

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Abstract The new mineral zincochenite, Pb4Zn(OH)6(SO4)2 (IMA2022-025), was found in the Redmond mine, Haywood County, North Carolina, USA, where it occurs in a highly unusual secondary assemblage that comprises a variety of rare Pb-Zn-Cu sulfates, thiosulfates, and carbonates. Zincochenite was found in vugs in massive galena-sphalerite-chalcopyrite-quartz in close association with bechererite, chenite, cherokeeite, elyite, lanarkite, and steverustite. Zincochenite crystals vary in habit including tablets, blades, and prisms, up to about 0.5 mm in maximum dimension. Crystals always occur in tightly intergrown subparallel clusters. The color is most commonly light blue, the streak is white, and the luster is vitreous to resinous. The mineral is brittle with curved and irregular fracture and one fair cleavage, probably on . The Mohs hardness is about 3½. The calculated density is 5.939 g/cm3. The mineral is biaxial (−) with α = 1.875(5), β = 1.900(5), γ = 1.915(5). The 2V is 78.4(5)° with strong r > v dispersion. The partially determined optical orientation is Y ≈ and there is no pleochroism. Electron microprobe analyses provided the empirical formula Pb4.00(Zn0.94Cu2+0.06)Σ1.00(SO4)1.81(S2O3)0.19(OH)6. Zincochenite is triclinic, , a = 5.883(4), b = 7.938(5), c = 7.948(5) Å, α = 110.511(12), β = 98.497(10), γ = 100.152(8)°, V = 333.2(3) Å3, and Z = 1. Zincochenite is isostructural with chenite. In the crystal structure (R1 = 0.0874 for 936 I > 2σI), short bonds between the Pb atoms and OH groups define a chain along [011] and these chains are bridged by ZnO2(OH)4 octahedra to form sheets parallel to . SO4 tetrahedra decorate both sides of the sheets. The sheets are linked together in the direction via long Pb–O bonds and hydrogen bonds.

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Harahap, Yahdiana, Steven Steven i Herman Suryadi. "Development and validation of a UPLC-MS/MS method with volumetric absorptive microsampling to quantitate cyclophosphamide and 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide". Frontiers in Pharmacology 13 (11.08.2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.928721.

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Cyclophosphamide (CP) is an anti-cancer alkylating prodrug, metabolized by CYP450 into its active metabolite 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide (4-OHCP). Its therapeutic effectiveness is determined by the 4-OHCP concentration. Several analytical methods in plasma and dried blood spots have been developed to analyze cyclophosphamide and 4-OHCP; however, there are many disadvantages. The objective of this study was to develop and validate the ultraperformance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) method by volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) and 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide-d4 (4-OHCP-d4) as an internal standard. VAMS requires small sample volumes, and it is not affected by the hematocrit values; therefore, it is an efficient sampling method. The samples were derivatized with 5 μL semicarbazide hydrochloride (SCZ) and 25 μL of the resulting 4-OHCP-SCZ; 4-OHCP-d4-SCZ derivatives were absorbed by VAMS and extracted by protein precipitation. The optimum conditions were obtained using the Waters Acquity® UPLC BEH C18 (2.1 × 100 mm; 1.7 μm) column; flow rate 0.15 ml/min; mobile phase 0.01% formic acid and methanol; gradient elution mode for 6 min by positive electrospray ionization; and multiple reaction monitoring of m/z 260.7 > 140.0 for CP, 333.7 > 221.0 for 4-OHCP-SCZ, and 337.7 > 225.1 for 4-OHCP-d4-SCZ. The method met the validation requirements set by the FDA. The cyclophosphamide LLOQ value was 5 ng/mL, and the calibration curve range was 5—60,000 ng/ml. Furthermore, the 4-OHCP LLOQ value was 2.5 ng/ml, and the calibration curve range was 2.5—1,000 ng/ml.

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Alebiosu, Mustapha O., Badiu A. Akinbode, Iyanuoluwa S. Oni i John O. Oladele. "Quality Evaluation of Cookies Produced from Wheat, Sorghum and Defatted Coconut Flour Blends". Asian Food Science Journal, 4.08.2020, 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/afsj/2020/v17i330192.

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The use of wheat, sorghum and defatted coconut flour blends in the production of whole meal cookies was investigated with the aim of encouraging the use of sorghum and coconut flour in producing value-added products. Enriched cookies were produced from the blends of wheat flour (WF) and sorghum flour (SF) in varying proportions of 100:0, 90:5, 85:10, 80:15, 75:20, 70:25, 65:30, 60:35 with 5% of defatted coconut flour (CF) added to each sample and were labelled AMUS, BMUS, CMUS, DMUS, EMUS, FMUS, GMUS, HMUS respectively. Cookies with 100% wheat flour (AMUS) served as a reference sample. The proximate, physical, mineral and sensory properties of the cookies samples were examined using standard laboratory procedures. The proximate results of the cookies showed that protein, ash, fat, crudefibre, moisture and Carbohydrate ranged from (9.18–12.25%), (0.88–1.15%), (9.59–11.19%), (2.77–3.74%), (7.10–10.89%) and (64.20–66.71%) respectively. The physical characteristics of the cookies; weight (9.69–18.20 g), diameter (272.0–333.0 mm), thickness (7.72–11.40 mm), spread ratio (23.87–41.09) differed significantly (p < 0.05). However, the sensory results showed that the cookies varied in colour (6.85–7.80), taste (6.90–8.15), aroma (7.10–7.75), crispness (6.65–7.75) and overall acceptability (7.25–8.45). The reference sample had the highest sensory scores for all the attributes except for aroma and crispiness, while cookies with 15% sorghum flour (SF) and 5% defatted coconut flour (CF) incorporation had highest score for crispness and 30% sorghum had highest score for aroma respectively. Based on the parameters evaluated 15% sorghum flour and 5% defatted coconut flour incorporation could be utilized for cookies production owing to its baking potential abilities. However, the high protein, ash and fibre contents of the cookies made with sorghum and defatted coconut flour substitution is very important as this could make a great contribution to the nutrient intake by consumers.

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Montriwet, Mayuree. "Treatment Outcomes and Clinical Characteristics in Children with Amblyopia at Naresuan University". Journal of Health Science and Medical Research, 19.04.2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.2022875.

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Objective: To evaluate the visual outcomes of amblyopia treatment and identify the characteristics of children with newly diagnosed amblyopia.Material and Methods: This is a retrospective study of children newly diagnosed with amblyopia from January 2016 to December 2019. The assessments consisted of visual acuity (VA) during amblyopia treatment, and treatment effects related to age, gender, type of amblyopia, baseline Logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution visual acuity (LogMAR VA), and treatment compliance. Good outcome was defined as having a best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) with a ≥2 Snellen line improvement or a ≥20/30 VA (0.17 LogMAR) in the amblyopic eye.Results: There were 116 amblyopic eyes, corresponding to 89 children, enrolled in the study. The most common cause of the disorder was refractive amblyopia. The mean baseline BCVA was 0.81±0.05 LogMAR. Sixty-four amblyopic eyes (55.2%) had a good treatment outcome, with a mean time for improvement of 13.61±7.89 months. The multivariable analysis in the good outcome group revealed that an age ranging from 5 to 8 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=23.72, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.68 to 333.99) and good treatment compliance (aOR=43.09, 95% CI: 2.27-817.97) were more likely to lead to a good outcome.Conclusion: Amblyopia has the potential to improve with early treatment and good compliance. Early detection and increased care may be necessary in patients who are non-compliant in order to achieve the best possible therapeutic outcome.

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Song, Shuqi, Guanglun He, Di Huang, Xiaojuan Li, Zhenzhen Wu i Yongfeng Sun. "Efficacy of pars plana vitrectomy combined with internal limiting membrane peeling and gas tamponade for treating myopic foveoschisis: a meta-analysis". BMC Ophthalmology 24, nr 1 (18.07.2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12886-024-03534-2.

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Abstract Objective This study aimed to evaluate and explore the efficacy of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and gas tamponade in treating myopic foveoschisis (MF) through a meta-analysis. Methods Systematic searches were conducted on the PubMed, Web of Science and National Library of Medicine (NLM) English-language databases and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Chinese-language databases. The primary outcome measures were postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central foveal thickness (CFT), with the secondary outcome being the postoperative complication rate. Data analysis was performed using RevMan5.3 software. Results A total of 10 studies involving 234 eyes were included. The meta-analysis results showed the following: (1) The average postoperative BCVA improved compared with preoperative levels, with an average improvement in the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution of 0.40, a statistically significant difference (95% CI: −0.44, − 0.20, p < 0.001); (2) the rate of postoperative BCVA improvement was 77% (95% CI: 65%, 90%, p < 0.001); (3) the postoperative CFT significantly decreased by an average of 385.92 μm, a statistically significant difference (95% CI: −437.85, − 333.98, p < 0.001); (4) the postoperative macular retinal complete reattachment rate was 90% (95% CI: 83%, 97%, p < 0.001); (5) the most common postoperative complication was a cataract, with an incidence of 55.9%. Conclusion Using PPV combined with ILM peeling and gas tamponade to treat MF is reliable.

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Neighbors, CindyLee P., Michael W. Noller, Michael P. Avillion, John W. Neighbors, Mark C. Spaw, Andrew R. Biello, Jared M. Theler i Macario Camacho. "Implementing a Protocol to Reduce Opioid Prescriptions in Military Otolaryngology: A Quality Improvement Initiative". Military Medicine, 4.01.2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usaa484.

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ABSTRACT Introduction To compare pain medication refill rates for adult septoplasty and rhinoplasty patients before and after initiating a multimodal analgesic protocol for reducing opioid prescriptions (PROP). Materials and Methods Data from 58 adult patients were retrieved by retrospective chart review (19 septoplasties and 10 rhinoplasties before initiating PROP in September 2018 and 21 septoplasties and 8 rhinoplasties after PROP). We selected consecutive septoplasties and rhinoplasties, at which time a new discharge order set was implemented. The new order set consisted of 10 oxycodone tabs (5 mg), 100 acetaminophen tabs (325 mg), and 28 celecoxib tabs (200 mg). The primary outcome variable was the number of initial opioid prescriptions and refills filled by any provider. Results Among the septoplasties, there was a 46% decrease in total morphine milligram equivalent (MME) prescribed, from a mean of 202.0 mg in the non-PROP group (95% CI, 235.4, 174.6) to 108.6 mg in the PROP group (95% CI, 135.8, 81.4), with no difference in refill rates. Among the rhinoplasties, there was a 51% decrease in total MME prescribed, from a mean of 258.8 mg in the non-PROP group (95% CI, 333.4, 184.1) to 126.6 mg in the PROP group (95% CI, 168.1, 85.0) with no difference in refill rates. Conclusions The outcomes after PROP implementation for septoplasty and rhinoplasty at our institution suggest that opioid prescription rates can be significantly decreased to manage postoperative pain, with no difference in opioid refill rates. The results also warrant further investigation into patient pain, satisfaction, provider efficiency, and healthcare costs.

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