Artykuły w czasopismach: „201-300”

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Rusinovich, O., A. Mora, E. Muñez, L. Delgado Tellez de Cepeda, N. De la Torre, M. Pavía, J. Sanz, M. Espinosa, J. L. Andréu Sánchez i J. Campos Esteban. "POS1218 SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF ANAKINRA IN SEVERE SARS-COV2 INFECTION (COVID19) AT A TERTIARY HOSPITAL". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (19.05.2021): 892.2–893. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2590.

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Background:SARS-CoV-2 virus is a novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19 disease, which in its most severe form produces life-threatening atypical pneumonia and ARDS. Coronaviruses induce dysregulation of the immune system resulting in a cytokine storm syndrome with activation of the macrophage mediated mainly by IL-1 and IL-6. Although there is no specific treatment to date, researchers have explored novel approaches through targeting both IL-6 and IL-1. Anakinra is a recombinant human IL-1 receptor antagonist that prevents IL-1β and IL-1α binding and therefore blocks signal transduction. Its high bioavailability, rapid action, relatively short half-life and good safety profile make it a promising drug.Objectives:Analyse the experience of administering Anakinra for severe forms of COVID19 in patients hospitalised at a tertiary hospital.Methods:Retrospective single-center study in which all patients admitted for COVID-19 and treated with Anakinra from April 1st to the end of the 1st wave (July 2020) were included. Medical records were reviewed to collect demographic, clinical and lab test data, using Brescia-COVID respiratory severity scale, SaFi, CRP, Ferritin, LDH and lymphocytes. Variables were assessed at baseline, 72h and 7 days after treatment initiation. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed, including a sub-analysis of patients who received anakinra as the only biological treatment.Results:54 patients were included, of which 37 male (68.5%) with a median age of 69.5 years (36-94). Comorbidities were lung disease 14 pts (25.9%), cardiovascular disease 39 pts (72.2%), Diabetes Mellitus 11 pts (20.4%), kidney disease and rheumatic disease each in 6 pts (11.1%), and immunosuppression 13 pts (24.1%). Each patient received a mean of 4.85 doses of anakinra (± 3.96). Other therapies included low-dose steroids (70.3%); high-dose steroids: 1mg/kg (87%), bolus (24%), Tocilizumab (57.4%), Infliximab (24.1%), Lopinavir/Ritonavir (48%), Hydroxychloroquine (94.4%), and Azithromycin (79.6%). Mortality was 22% overall, 75% due to COVID19, 8.3% due to infectious complications and 16.7% due to non-infectious complications. In the group receiving Anakinra as only biological drug, mortality accounted for 17.9% of patients, 75% due to COVID19 and 25% to non-infectious complications. No adverse effects related to anakinra were observed.General group (n=54)Group receiving anakinra as only biological drug (n=23)PBaselineAfter 72hAfter 7dBaselineAfter 72hAfter 7dBrescia-COVID1.65 (0.95)1.63 (1.13)1.73 (1.19)1.09 (0.8)0.91 (0.88)1.09 (0.8)Mean(SD)Values:Values:Values:Values:Values:Values:NS0: 11.1%0: 16.7%0: 7.9 %0: 26.1%0: 39.1%0: 8.7 %1: 31.5%1: 27.8%1: 52.6%1: 47.8%1: 34.8%1: 82.6%2: 42.6%2: 38.9%2: 18.4%2: 21.7%2: 21.7%2: 8.7%3: 53.7%3: 7.4%3: 7.9%3:4.34%3: 4.34%3: 0%4: 3.7%4: 9.3%4: 13.2%4: 0%4: 0%4: 0%SaFi222.60 (115.2)240.51 (117.6)250.95 (102.6)306.35 (124.7)316.04 (129.8)300.36 (135.4)NSMean (SD)Values:Values:Values:Values:Values:Values:>300:>300:>300:>300:>300:>300:25.9%24.5 %34.2 %56,52%52.2 %45.46 %201-299201-299:201-299:201-299:201-299:201-299:: 14.8%26.4%34.2%17.39%21.7%27.27%<201:<201:<201:<201:<201:<201:59.3%49%31.6%26.1%26.1%27.27%Lymphocytes, 10^3/microLMean (SD)1.07 (1.5)5.16 (3.05)1.15 (2.49)0.88 (0.56)1.25 (0.79)1.15. (2.4)NSFerritine,ng/mlMean (SD)1098.4 (944.8)1080.23 (873.9)1069.19 (989.42)1112.76 (621.80)903.25 (385.49)704.14 (261.86)NSC-reactive protein, mg/LMean (SD)38.78 (37.58)21.46 (20.17)7 (6)50 (6.38)34.67 (23.3)19.96 (28.92)NSLDH, U/LMean (SD)387.64 (163.1)394.98 (209.32)374.26 (157.63)326.38 (111.66)308 (116.59)355 (151.96)NSRespiratory improvement*N/A20.37%51.85%N/A30.43%69.5%.007Lab test improvement**N/A51.85%77.78%N/A60.87%78.2%NS* SaFi normalised or increased 100 mmHg or more** Improvement of 2 or more analytic variablesConclusion:Anakinra in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection offers respiratory improvement and partial lab tests improvement. No adverse effects were observed.Acknowledgements:We wish to acknowledge Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda COVID19 task force and all the patients and staff affected by the pandemic.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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Lamberts, S. W. J., G. F. F. M. Pieters, H. J. Metselaar, G. L. Ong, H. S. Tan i J. C. Reubi. "Development of resistance to a long-acting somatostatin analogue during treatment of two patients with metastatic endocrine pancreatic tumours". Acta Endocrinologica 119, nr 4 (grudzień 1988): 561–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1190561.

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Abstract. Two patients with metastatic endocrine pancreatic tumours initially responded well to therapy with the long-acting somatostatin analogue SMS 201-995. In the first patient with an insulinoma both the number of hypoglycemic attacks and the increased insulin levels decreased initially, but returned to pretreatment intensity and concentrations within 9 days after the start of therapy with 200–300 μg SMS 201-995 daily. After a short interruption, no effect was observed of re-institution of therapy at a dose of 400 μg SMS 201-995 daily. In the other patient with a metastatic vipoma both diarrhea, hypokalemia and plasma VIP levels reacted initially well to SMS 201-995 treatment with 300 μg per day, but resistance to therapy developed after 2 weeks. An increase in the dose of the analogue to maximally 600 μg/day was followed by a transient improvement, but finally both the volume of diarrhea and the levels of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide were higher than those before the start of therapy. Conclusions: Development of resistance to SMS 201-995 both with regard to the clinical effect and to the inhibitory effect on tumour hormone secretion can be expected in some patients with metastatic endocrine pancreatic tumours. On the basis of our clinical observations down-regulation of somatostatin receptors is suggested to be one of the mechanisms of this development.

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Lamberts, Steven W. J., Piet Uitterlinden i Jan M. G. Klijn. "The effect of the long-acting somatostatin analogue SMS 201–995 on ACTH secretion in Nelson's syndrome and Cushing's disease". Acta Endocrinologica 120, nr 6 (czerwiec 1989): 760–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1200760.

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Abstract. Chronic therapy of a patient with Nelson's syndrome for 2 years with 300 μg SMS 201–995 per day resulted in a significant decrease in circulating ACTH levels, normalization of the visual field defect and of loss of visual acuity of one eye, and stabilization of tumour growth, without radiological evidence of shrinkage of the pituitary tumour. In two other patients with Nelson's syndrome, SMS 201–995 acutely inhibited circulating ACTH levels. This effect could be shown best if cortisol replacement was temporarily withheld. SMS 201–995 did not affect plasma ACTH and cortisol levels in three patients with untreated Cushing's disease.

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Baloch, Sana Fatima, Ikram Din Ujjan, Sadia Shahmeer, Nazia Hafeez, Kiran Amir i Abdul Rehman. "Reproductive Hormone in Transfusion dependent βeta thalassemia major patients." Professional Medical Journal 26, nr 12 (10.12.2019): 2179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2019.26.12.3703.

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Objective: To evaluate endocrine profile in transfusion dependent beta-thalassemia major patients. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Setting: Department of Pathology Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro /Hyderabad and Thalassemia Centre Hyderabad. Period: 6 months from January 2018 to June 2018. Material & Methods: Cases already diagnosed with β- thalassemia major with recurrent blood transfusions (>20 transfusions or transfusion period over 2 years) both genders were included. All the patients went through routine laboratory checkups including Testosterone hormone, Luteinizing Hormone, and Follicle Stimulating Hormone. Data was recorded in preplanned proforma. Results: Overall 114 subjects were studied and their mean age was found to be 12.38+5.71 years. Females remained in majority as 56.1%. Mean of follicle stimulate hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) level were 4.60+4.88 and 5.39+8.39 respectively. Most of the patients, 35.1% had >300 of transfusion rate. Ferritin levels were significantly correlated with patients with history of transfusion rate >300; p-value 0.003. Testosterone level’s mean was considerably high among patients presented with transfusion rate of 201 to 300 and >300 transfusions; p-value 0.006. Likewise, mean of FSH and LH level was as well significantly high among the female subjects with history of transfusion rate of 201 to 300 and >300 transfusions; P-Values 0.019 and 0.026 respectively. Conclusion: Frequent hypogonadism was noted among thalassemia patients. Very low level average of FSH, LH and testosterone was seen.

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Freid, Rachel D., Ying (Shelly) Qi, Janice A. Espinola, Rebecca E. Cash, Zahra Aryan, Ashley F. Sullivan i Carlos A. Camargo. "Proximity to Major Roads and Risks of Childhood Recurrent Wheeze and Asthma in a Severe Bronchiolitis Cohort". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, nr 8 (15.04.2021): 4197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084197.

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Air pollution exposures have been suggested as risk factors for childhood respiratory diseases. We investigated proximity to major roads, an indicator of air pollution exposure, and its associations with childhood recurrent wheeze and asthma. We used data from a multicenter prospective cohort study of 921 infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis and recruited from 14 U.S. states. Primary exposure was residential proximity to the nearest major road at birth through age 3 years. Residential distance from nearest major road was divided into four categories: <100, 100–200, 201–300, and >300 m. Outcomes were parent-reported recurrent wheeze by age 3 years and asthma by age 5 years. Associations between residential proximity to major roads and respiratory outcomes were investigated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards modeling and logistic regression, adjusted for confounders. Out of 920 participants with home address data, pooled estimates identified 241 (26%) participants resided within 300 m of a major road, 296 (32%) developed recurrent wheeze by age 3, and 235 out of 858 participants (27%) developed asthma by 5 years. Participants who resided close to a major road had the highest risk of recurrent wheeze (adjusted hazards ratio for <100 m, 1.59, 95%CI: 1.08–2.33) and asthma (adjusted odds ratio for 201–300 m, 1.62, 95%CI: 1.16–2.25), compared to those residing >300 m from a major road. Proximity to major roads is associated with increased risks of recurrent wheeze and asthma in young children.

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Malena, M., E. Voslářová, A. Kozák, P. Bělobrádek, I. Bedáňová, L. Steinhauser i V. Večerek. "Comparison of Mortality Rates in Different Categories of Pigs and Cattle during Transport for Slaughter". Acta Veterinaria Brno 76, nr 8 (2007): S109—S116. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb200776s8s109.

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The death of animals during transport for slaughter is a major factor indicating the level of welfare in transported animals. However, research data that report the level of animal welfare as reflected in transport-related mortality rates of individual animal species and categories are missing. The present study focused on losses of pigs and cattle in the period from 1997 to 2006. Transport-related mortality rates were recorded by species and categories of animals and also for the following travel distances: up to 50 km, 51-100 km, 101-200 km, 201-300 km, and over 300 km. Rates differed according to species and category. The highest mortality rates were found in young sows, sows, and boars (0.2562%) followed by fattened pigs (0.1075%), excluded dairy cows (0.0396%), calves (0.0269%), and fattened cattle (0.0069%). Significant differences were found among mortality rates (p < 0.05). The lowest mortality rates occurred with shorter travel distances (< 50 km and 51-100 km) when compared to long travel distances (101-200 km, 201-300 km and > 300 km), with a significant difference (p < 0.05) between short and long travel distances being found in fattened pigs, fattened cattle and dairy cows. Mortality rates in animals during transport for slaughter show young sows, sows, and boars to be the most susceptible to transport-related stress, followed by fattened pigs, dairy cows, and calves, whereas the highest resistance was observed in fattened cattle.

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Fizazi, Karim, Christophe Massard, Nicholas David James, Stephane Culine, Robert Hugh Jones, Riikka Oksala, Anu Moilanen, Eija Aho, Laura Ravanti i Pekka Kallio. "ODM-201, a new generation androgen receptor inhibitor for castration-resistant prostate cancer: Preclinical and phase I data." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, nr 6_suppl (20.02.2013): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.6_suppl.65.

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65^ Background: Castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is characterized by persistent, high level androgen receptor (AR) expression and resistance to conventional AR inhibitors. ODM-201 is a novel AR inhibitor with unique pharmacologic properties that has shown promising results in preclinical and clinical studies. Methods: AR binding affinity of ODM-201 to wild type AR was determined in cytosolic lysates obtained from ventral prostates of castrated rats using a competition binding assay. Additionally, effects of ODM-201 on the growth of castration resistant VCaP tumors was evaluated. Tumors were established by subcutaneous injection of VCaP prostate cancer cells into male nude mice. After initial tumor growth, mice were castrated. ODM-201 (50 mg/kg QD or BID orally) was initiated upon tumor regrowth. Since the risk of seizures has been reported for some second generation AR inhibitors, ODM-201 concentrations in mouse brain homogenates were studied after repeated oral administration to assess the risk. The clinical effects of ODM-201 (100, 200, 300, 500, 700, 900 mg BID) was examined in a Phase I/II dose-escalation trial in patients (N=24) with progressive metastatic CRPC. Results: ODM-201 binds to wild type AR with superior affinity compared to enzalutamide (Ki of 9 and 39 nM, respectively). In the VCaP CRPC model, ODM-201 significantly (p<0.001 compared to castrated control), and more efficiently than enzalutamide, inhibited tumor growth. After oral administration, tissue/plasma ratio of ODM-201 in mouse brain homogenates was negligible in all studied doses. In the Phase I/II clinical study, ODM-201 (100 to 700 mg results available) was well tolerated, and most commonly reported adverse events were asthenia, diarrhea and nausea. A PSA response (defined as ≥ 50% decrease) was obtained in 13/15 patients evaluable at 12 weeks with all patients achieving partial response or stable disease by RECIST/PCWG2 criteria. Conclusions: ODM-201 is a new generation AR inhibitor with superior preclinical efficacy compared to enzalutamide and bicalutamide, it does not enter the brain in preclinical studies, and it shows very promising activity and no significant toxicity in patients with CRPC. Clinical trial information: NCT01317641.

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Li, Pingwei, Juanita R. Weissensteiner, Johan Pion i Veerle De Bosscher. "Predicting elite success: Evidence comparing the career pathways of top 10 to 300 professional tennis players". International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching 15, nr 5-6 (19.06.2020): 793–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747954120935828.

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The aim of this research was to explore at what age professional tennis players at different ranking levels (top 10, 11-20, 21–50, 51–100, 101–200, 201–300) started playing tennis and had achieved their career ranking milestones, and to explore the viability of using age and ranking to predict a player’s future success. 373 top 300 ranked professional tennis players from 2010 to 2018, including 193 females (M = 32.3, SD = 3.5) and 180 males (M = 34.0, SD = 3.1) were examined. Descriptive methods and univariate analyses were used to compare player developmental trajectories by player peak ranking levels. Discriminant analyses were applied to explore to what extent age and early ranking milestones can be used to predict a player’s future peak rankings. Results revealed that there were no significant differences regarding the age at which players started playing tennis by players’ career peak ranking levels. Results showed that 75% of the top 300 players started playing tennis between the ages of 3 to 7 years, whilst 21% started between 7 to 10 years, and 4% started later between 10 to 13 years. Results further showed that professional rankings between 14 and 18 years were not reliable in predicting a player’s future ranking. Closer analyses revealed that age and early rankings have a relatively high value in “predicting” the ranking of higher-ranked (e.g., top 10) and lower-ranked (e.g., top 201–300) players, but not middle-ranked players (i.e. top 11–200), with nearly 60% of them not correctly classified and the top 51–100 ranked players having the lowest predictability.

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Yuan, Lin, Yuan Gao, Wei Zhang, Cheng Lei Wang, Zhi Kang Ma i Hang Wei Cai. "Effect of Negative Bias Voltage on Corrosion Resistance of TiN Coating Deposited by MAIP". Advanced Materials Research 399-401 (listopad 2011): 1898–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.399-401.1898.

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In this study, TiN coatings were deposited on 201 stainless steel by multi-arc ion plating (MAIP). The effect of negative bias voltage on the surface microstructure, hardness, phase structure and the corrosion resistance of the coatings were investigated by SEM, hardness instrument, XRD and electrochemical measurement. The number and size of droplets decreased when the negative bias voltage increased from -100 V to -300 V. But when the substrate bias increased to a certain value, there were some pits appeared. The hardness increased at first and decreased later with the increasing of the negative bias voltage. When the negative bias voltage was -200 V, the hardness was the highest. The intrinsic hardness of TiN film was 2195HV. In 3.5% NaCl solution, the corrosion resistance of TiN coatings samples were improved slightly compared with 201 stainless steel. In l mol/L H2SO4 solution, the corrosion resistance of -100V sample was the best, the corrosion resistance of -100V coating sample was increased 486 times compared with untreated 201 stainless steel.

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Al Nooryani, Arif, Wael N. Elabbassi, Bassam AlBaba, Jalal A. Kerfes, Loai M. Abudaqa, Amit Bhatia, Nagwa A. Abdelrahman, Nikola Boskovic i Branko Beleslin. "Long-term outcome of first 300 implanted Absorb bioresorbable vascular scaffolds in an all-comers Middle East population". Journal of International Medical Research 47, nr 1 (21.09.2018): 173–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060518798994.

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Objectives To evaluate long-term clinical outcomes of the Absorb bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) system (Abbott Vascular) in an all-comers Middle East population. Methods This prospective registry study included an initial set of patients with coronary lesions treated using Absorb BVS. Patients were followed for target vessel failure (TVF) including cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction (MI), and target lesion revascularization. Results A total of 217 patients (age, 55 ± 11 years; male, 169) with 300 treated lesions were included (median follow-up, 36 months [range, 26–41 months]; complete follow-up, 201 patients). Diabetes mellitus and acute coronary syndrome were present in 50% and 57% of patients, respectively. TVF rate was 32/201 (15.9%), including cardiac death in 10 (5%), target vessel MI in 13 (6.5%), and target lesion revascularization in 22 patients (10.9%). Definite or probable device thrombosis occurred in 11/201 patients (5.5%). TVF was associated with heart failure, worse ejection fraction, multi-vessel BVS, multi BVS in lesion, and total BVS length >50 mm. Conclusions Long-term outcome following Absorb BVS implantation in a population with high prevalence of high-risk and complex patients is acceptable, but heart failure, worse ejection fraction, and multi-vessel or long BVS implantation were associated with worse outcomes.

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Galassetti, P. R., K. Iwanaga, A. M. Pontello, F. P. Zaldivar, R. L. Flores i J. K. Larson. "Effect of prior hyperglycemia on IL-6 responses to exercise in children with type 1 diabetes". American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 290, nr 5 (maj 2006): E833—E839. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00445.2005.

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The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) may modulate the onset and progression of complications of diabetes. As this cytokine increases after exercise, and many other exercise responses are altered by prior glycemic fluctuations, we hypothesized that prior hyperglycemia might exacerbate the IL-6 response to exercise. Twenty children with type 1 diabetes (12 boys/8 girls, age 12–15 yr) performed 29 exercise studies (30-min intermittent cycling at ∼80% peak O2 uptake). Children were divided into four groups based on highest morning glycemic reading [blood glucose (BG) < 150, BG 151–200, BG 201–300, or BG > 300 mg/dl]. All exercise studies were performed in the late morning, after hyperglycemia had been corrected and steady-state conditions (plasma glucose <120 mg/dl, basal insulin infusion) had been maintained for ≥90 min. Blood samples for IL-6, growth factors, and counterregulatory hormones were drawn at pre-, end-, and 30 min postexercise time points. At all time points, circulating IL-6 was lowest in BG < 150 and progressively higher in the other three groups. The exercise-induced increment also followed a similar dose-response pattern (BG < 150, 0.6 ± 0.2 ng/ml; BG 151–200, 1.2 ± 0.8 ng/ml; BG 201–300, 2.1 ± 1.1 ng/ml; BG > 300, 3.2 ± 1.4 ng/ml). Other measured variables (growth hormone, IGF-I, glucagon, epinephrine, cortisol) were not influenced by prior hyperglycemia. Recent prior hyperglycemia markedly influenced baseline and exercise-induced levels of IL-6 in a group of peripubertal children with type 1 diabetes. While exercise is widely encouraged and indeed often considered part of diabetic management, our data underscore the necessity to completely understand all adaptive mechanisms associated with physical activity, particularly in the context of the developing diabetic child.

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Wollny, Peter. "Carl Philipp Emanuel Bachs Rezeption neuer Entwicklungen im Klavierbau". Bach-Jahrbuch 100 (22.10.2018): 175–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.13141/bjb.v20143023.

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Erwähnte Artikel: Ulrich Leisinger, Peter Wollny: "Altes Zeug von mir". Carl Philipp Emanuel Bachs kompositorisches Schaffen vor 1740, BJ 1993, S. 127–204 Manuel Bärwald: "… ein Clavier von besonderer Erfindung" - Der Bogenflügel von Johann Hohlfeld und seine Bedeutung für das Schaffen Carl Philipp Emanuel Bachs. BJ 2008, S. 271–300 Peter Wollny: Eine Klaviersonate von C. P. E. Bach aus dem Besitz J. S. Bachs. BJ 2012, S. 181–201

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Voslářová, E., B. Janáčková, L. Rubešová, A. Kozák, I. Bedáňová, L. Steinhauser i V. Večerek. "Mortality Rates in Poultry Species and Categories during Transport for Slaughter". Acta Veterinaria Brno 76, nr 8 (2007): S101—S108. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb200776s8s101.

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Transport-related mortality rates were compared for various poultry species and categories where published data are limited. The numbers of broilers, hens and cockerels, turkeys, ducks, and geese transported for slaughter, and the numbers that died during such transport, were recorded from 1997 to 2006 in cooperation with the State Veterinary Administration of the Czech Republic. The mortality rate for individual poultry species and categories was calculated overall, and was also recorded for the following transport distances: up to 50 km, from 51 km to 100 km, from 101 km to 200 km, from 201 km to 300 km, and over 300 km. Transport of poultry for slaughter was accompanied by varying mortality rates depending on poultry species and categories. The highest mortality rates occurred in hens and cockerels (1.013%), followed by turkeys (0.272%), broilers (0.253%), ducks (0.103%), and geese (0.056%). Differences among the mortality rates estimated were highly significant (p < 0.001). Mortality rates highly correlated with transport distance. The lowest mortality rates were for the shortest transport distances: In broilers (0.154%), turkeys (0.164%), and hens and cockerels (0.595%) for a transport distance up to 50 km; and in ducks (0.069-0.111%) and geese (0.021 - 0.053%) for transport distances up to 300 km. Highest mortality rates in hens and cockerels (1.892%), turkeys (0.341%), and broilers (0.536%) were observed for transport distances over 200 km, while in ducks (0.147%) and geese (0.253%), highest mortality rates were with transport distances exceeding 300 km. The highest mortality rates for all transport distances were in hens and cockerels, followed by turkeys and broilers. The mortality rate in turkeys for a transport distance up to 50 km was significantly higher than that in broilers. No significant differences were found between mortality rates in turkeys and broilers for transport distances of 51-100 km and 101-200 km whereas, for a distance of 201-300 km and in distances exceeding 300 km, the mortality rates in broilers were significantly higher compared to turkeys. The lowest mortality rates were observed in ducks and geese, with a significant difference between them only for transport distances of 51 to 100 km, where the mortality rate in ducks was higher, and over 300 km, where the mortality rate in geese was higher. When planning the transport of poultry for slaughter, susceptibility to stress induced by transport and transport distance (i.e. the duration of transport) of poultry species and categories should be considered.

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Paiva, Melquíades Pinto, i Danielle Sequeira Garcez. "DISTRIBUIÇÃO BATIMÉTRICA DE RECURSOS PESQUEIROS NO TALUDE CONTINENTAL DO SUDESTE DO BRASIL". Arquivos de Ciências do Mar 31, nr 1-2 (5.03.2018): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32360/acmar.v31i1-2.31380.

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Este trabalho trata da distribuição batimétrica de recursos pesqueiros no talude continental do sudeste do Brasil, entre as latitudes 23' - 26' S, com base nos dados das pescarias de linheiros (1986 - 1995), em profundidades de 201 - 650 m. As principais espécies explotadas foram as seguintes, com as correspondentes participações no total das capturas: batata, Lopholatilus vilarii Ribeiro (59,2%); namorado, Pseudopercis numida Ribeiro (20,9%); e cherne, Epinephelus niveatus (Valenciennes) (9,9%). A produção de pescado e o esforço de pesca tenderam a decrescer com o aumento da profundidade dos pesqueiros, o oposto acontecendo com a abundância relativa (CPUE), pelo menos até a isóbata de 550 metros. No conjunto das pescarias, a média da CPUE correspondeu a 0,8 kg/anzol-dia. As três espécies principais forampescadas em profundidades de até 650 metros. As maiores capturas do batata ocorreram entre 201 - 300 m de profundidade e a CPUE tendeu a crescer com o aumento da fundura dos pesqueiros - seu valor médio foi 0,5 kg/anzol-dia. As maiores capturas do namorado e do cherne ocorreram entre 201 - 250 m de profundidade e as CPUEs médias foram 0,2 e 0,1 kg/anzol-dia, respectivamente. Apenas para o batata os dados sugerem migração para águas mais profundas, a qual pode ocorrer durante o inverno.

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Napitupulu, Manaor, Melita Aditya Sari i Sara Sonnya Ayutthaya. "The risk factors of Chronic Kidney Disease in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus". Health Science Journal of Indonesia 9, nr 1 (15.10.2018): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22435/hsji.v9i1.474.

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Latar belakang: Penderita Diabetes melitus (DM) yang tidak ditangani dengan baik akan menimbulkankomplikasi Nefropati Diabetika sebagai penyebab utama dari Gagal Ginjal terminal. Tujuan penelitian iniadalah untuk menentukan faktor risiko Gagal Ginjal pada pasien DM tipe 2. Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah potong lintang yang meneliti faktor risiko Gagal Ginjal pada pasienrawat jalan DM tipe 2 di bagian penyakit dalam RSUD kota Bekasi mulai tanggal 01 September 2015sampai dengan 30 September 2015. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner terstruktur. Sampeldalam penelitian ini berjumlah 246 purposive individual sampling (107 pria dan 139 wanita). Analisisdata mempergunakan SPSS versi 21 dan EPISTAT versi 3.3 Hasil: Faktor risiko gagal ginjal yang terkait dengan perjalanan penyakit DM tipe 2 adalah: umur saatdidiagnosis DM 36-54 tahun (ORa=2.41; p=0.01); menderita DM 6-10 tahun dan lebih dari 10 tahunsetelah didiagnosis (ORa=4.30; p=0.000 vs ORa=18.54; p=0.000). Dibandingkan dengan kadar glukosadarah awal 201-300 mg/dl, responden dengan kadar gula darah awal 401-500 mg/dl dan lebih dari 500mg/dl masing-masing berisiko Gagal Ginjal 5.63 kali dan 11.11 kali (p=0.000 vs p=0.000). Kadar glukosadarah tertinggi >500 mg/dl berisiko Gagal Ginjal 5.86 kali dibandingkan dengan 201-300 mg/dl (p=0.000). Kesimpulan: Usia pada saat didiagnosis DM, lamanya menderita DM setelah didiagnosis, kadar glukosadarah awal dan kadar glukosa darah tertinggi >500 mg/dl merupakan faktor-faktor risiko Gagal Ginjal Kata kunci: Faktor risiko, progresi DM tipe 2, Gagal Ginjal AbstractBackground: A condition when Diabetes Mellitus patients does not get an adequate medical treatment,will cause Diabetic Nephropathy, which is a major cause of a terminal Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD).The objective of this study is to determine risk factors of CKD in patients with type 2 DM. Methods: Design of this study was a cross sectional, that investigated risk factors of CKD in outpatientswho suffered type 2 DM at Department of Internal Medicine of Bekasi General Hospital from the 1st ofSeptember to the 30th of September, 2015. Primary data was collected through structured questionnaires.Sample in this study was 246 purposive individual sampling (107 male and 139 female). The data analysisused SPSS version 21 and EPISTAT version 3.3. Results: The risk factors of CKD related to progressive of Diabetes Mellitus type 2 disease were: age atfirst diagnosed of DM 36-54 years (ORa=2.41; p=0.01), suffering DM 6-10 years and more than 10 yearsafter being diagnosed (ORa=4.30; p=0.000 vs ORa= 18.54; p=0.000 ). Referring to initial blood glucoselevels of 201-300 mg/dl, the respondents with initial blood glucose levels of 401-500 mg/dl and more than500 mg/dl had the risk of CKD 5.63 times and 11.11 times respectively (p=0.000 vs p=0.000). The highestblood glucose levels >500 mg/dl had the risk of CKD 5.86 times compared with 201-300 mg/dl (p=0.000). Conclusion: Age at first diagnosed of DM, duration of suffering DM post diagnosed, initial blood glucoselevels, and the highest blood glucose levels >500 mg/dl were the risk factors of CKD. Keywords: Risk factors, progressive of type 2 DM, CKD

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Chevillard, J. P., J. Y. Mandin, J. M. Flaud i C. Camy-Peyret. "H218O: line positions and intensities between 9500 and 11 500 cm−1. The (041), (220), (121), (300), (201), (102), and (003) interacting states". Canadian Journal of Physics 65, nr 7 (1.07.1987): 777–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p87-114.

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The spectrum of 18O-enriched water vapor has been recorded between 9500 and 11 500 cm−1, with the aid of a Fourier-transform spectrometer. Its analysis has allowed the determination of 419 accurate rotational energy levels belonging to seven interacting vibrational states of H218O: (041), (220), (121), (300), (201), (102), and (003). Moreover, 622 line intensities belonging to the 4ν2 + ν3, 2ν1 + 2ν2, ν1 + 2ν2 + ν3, 3ν1, 2ν1 + ν3, ν1 + 2ν3, and 3ν3 bands have been measured with an average uncertainty of 6%.

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Campos, Alcebíades R., Evoneo B. Filho, Fernando M. Lara i Isabela M. P. Rinaldi. "Composição da artropodofauna entomófoga associada a diferentes genótipos de sorgo granífero no cerrado do Sudeste do Brasil". Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil 28, nr 4 (grudzień 1999): 703–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0301-80591999000400013.

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Espécies de artrópodos entomófagos foram coletadas e identificadas nos genótipos sorgo AF-28, IAC-83/75-5-1-6, TX-2536, BR-300, IPA-201 e SAR, no Município de Selvíria, MS. Foram conduzidos três experimentos em campo, com os genótipos sendo semeados em 03/1988, 10/1988 e 02/1989, respectivamente. Para contagem dos artrópodos entomófagos, no início do florescimento foram marcadas 560 panículas por genótipo. Após esse momento, diariamente e durante 14 dias seguidos, foram coletadas 40 panículas por genótipo (10 por parcela). Nas coletas foram utilizados sacos plásticos com 10 litros de capacidade para envolver as panículas e capturar os artrópodos presentes. As panículas coletadas foram levadas para o Laboratório de Entomologia da Faculdade de Engenharia/UNESP, Campus de Ilha Solteira, SP, para separação, contagem e identificação dos artrópodos. Nas panículas provenientes da semeadura da seca coletou-se, em média, maior número de artrópodos entomófagos em relação à semeadura das águas. Dos artrópodos entomófagos coletados, as aranhas apresentaram maior número de espécies e, desses, a tecelã Alpaida veniliae (Keys.), a aranha corredora noturna Cheiracanthium inclusum (Blackwall), e a caçadora de emboscada, Misumenops pallidus (Keys.), foram as mais abundantes. O genótipo de sorgo IPA-201 comportou-se como o mais atrativo ao percevejo Orius sp. e à tesourinha Doru lineare (Eschs.), enquanto que o IAC-83/75-5-1-6 foi medianamente atrativo a D. lineare. As aranhas foram coletadas em maior número nos genótipos BR-300 e SART.

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Smith, Matthew Raymond, Fred Saad, Maha Hussain, Cora N. Sternberg, Karim Fizazi, E. David Crawford, Karin Sayuri Yamada, Christian Kappeler, Iris Kuss i Bertrand F. Tombal. "ARASENS phase 3 trial of ODM-201 in men with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, nr 15_suppl (20.05.2017): TPS5092. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.tps5092.

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TPS5092 Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) ± docetaxel is recommended first-line therapy for mHSPC, but most patients progress to castration-resistant PC (CRPC). BAY-1841788 (ODM-201) is an investigational oral androgen receptor (AR) antagonist that has a unique chemical structure designed to block the growth of cancer cells through binding to the AR with high affinity and inhibiting the receptor function. In preclinical studies, ODM-201 and its main circulating metabolite are active also in known AR mutants (eg, W742L, F877L), and have been found to have negligible blood-brain barrier penetration. In the phase 1 ARAFOR and phase 1/2 ARADES trials, ODM-201 had antitumor activity and was well tolerated in men with mCRPC (Massard et al. Eur Urol. 2016;69:834‒840; Fizazi et al. Lancet Oncol. 2014;15:975‒985). Given this promising activity in mCRPC, the ARASENS trial is evaluating ODM-201 plus standard ADT + docetaxel in men with metastatic disease (mHSPC). Methods: This international, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial (NCT02799602) is being conducted in 23 countries. ~1300 men with newly diagnosed mHSPC will be randomized 1:1 to either ODM-201 600 mg twice daily (2×300 mg tablets) orally with food or placebo, both with ADT + docetaxel (6 cycles after randomization), and stratified by extent of disease and alkaline phosphatase levels. Key inclusion criteria are histologically or cytologically confirmed PC with documented metastases, started ADT ± first-generation anti-androgen therapy ≤12 weeks before randomization, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0 or 1. The primary objective is to show superior overall survival with ODM-201 vs placebo, both with ADT + docetaxel. Secondary end points include time to CRPC, initiation of subsequent anticancer therapy, symptomatic skeletal event-free survival (SSE-FS), time to first SSE, initiation of opioid use, pain progression, and worsening of physical symptoms, all measured at 12-week intervals. Safety will be assessed by adverse events. The trial is open for enrollment; first patient first visit was in November 2016 and > 10 sites are open for recruitment and enrolling patients. Clinical trial information: NCT02799602.

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Biddle, Paul, Thomas J. Lanspa, Syed M. Mohiuddin, Mark A. Malesker i Daniel E. Hilleman. "Myocardial Infarction after Dipyridamole-Assisted Thallium-201 Imaging". DICP 23, nr 9 (wrzesień 1989): 665–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002808902300907.

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A 77-year-old woman with suspected coronary artery disease underwent an oral dipyridamole/thallium-201 myocardial imaging study. Approximately 75 minutes after ingestion of dipyridamole 300 mg suspension, the patient developed chest pain, hypotension, nausea, and diaphoresis. An electrocardiogram revealed ST-T wave changes suggestive of inferior ischemia. Appropriate therapeutic measures, including aminophylline and nitroglycerin, were instituted. Delayed thallium images revealed reversible ischemia in the anteroseptal and posterobasal regions with a fixed defect in the inferobasal region. Cardiac enzyme studies were also indicative of acute myocardial injury. The patient subsequently underwent coronary arteriography and four-vessel coronary artery bypass grafting and was discharged without further complication. This report raises concerns about the potential danger of dipyridamole in patients with severe coronary artery stenosis and collateral circulation. Prophylactic aminophylline should be considered in these patients.

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Chevillard, J. P., J. Y. Mandin, J. M. Flaud i C. Camy-Peyret. ": line positions and intensities between 9500 and 11500 cm−1. The interacting vibrational states (041), (220), (121), (022), (300), (201), (102), and (003)". Canadian Journal of Physics 67, nr 11 (1.11.1989): 1065–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p89-186.

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Water vapor Fourier-transform spectra (0.015 cm−1 resolution) were analyzed between 9500 and 11500 cm−1. Accurate values of 557 rotational energy levels, belonging to the interacting vibrational states (041), (220), (121), (022), (300), (201), (102), and (003) of the first decad of [Formula: see text], were determined. Moreover, 718 line intensities were accurately measured (7% uncertainty). To increase the number of experimental intensities (needed for atmospheric applications), a faster method, using the measured line depths, has made it possible to obtain 1695 additional intensities, with an average uncertainty of about 15%.

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Mahrus Khoirul Umami, Hakam Muzakki i Zainal Arifin. "Zinc Electroplated Coating and Post Weld Heat Treatment on Micro Dissimilar Metal Inert Gas Welding". Technium: Romanian Journal of Applied Sciences and Technology 17 (1.11.2023): 396–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/technium.v17i.10113.

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The welding process could reduce the performance of the material both microstructure and mechanical strength. Therefore, handling the welding results was necessary. There are several ways to improve the performance of welded joints, namely heat treatment and coating using electroplating. The materials used were galvanized and stainless steel 201 with a size of 100 x 50 x 0.5 mm. Welding used the Metal Inert Gas (MIG) method, while the filler metal used was AWS ER70S-6. The results of the welding were coated by electroplating, while the post-weld heat treatment was carried out to determine the effect of electroplating and heat treatment on the hardness of the joints. There were three temperature variations namely 250 °C, 300 °C, and 350 °C, and three variations of holding time, namely 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 90 minutes. The highest value of roughness (116.68 VHN) was obtained from a combination of a temperature of 300 °C and a holding time of 30 minutes. While the lowest hardness value (54.93 HVN) was obtained from a temperature of 300 °C with a holding time of 90 minutes.

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Fallo, Jenitha Verawati, Enike Dwi Kusumawati i Aju Tjatur Nugroho Krisnaningsih. "Pengaruh berat badan induk terhadap berat lahir dan pertambahan bobot badan pedet pada sapi bali yang dipelihara secara semi-intensif di kabupaten belu". Jurnal Sains Peternakan 7, nr 1 (30.06.2019): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21067/jsp.v7i1.3614.

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Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh berat badan induk terhadap berat lahir dan pertambahan bobot badan pedet pada sapi Bali yang dipelihara secara semi-intensif. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 30 ekor induk sapi Bali dengan umur 3-5 tahun dan 30 ekor pedet sapi Bali dari tahun 2015 sampai 2017. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan analisis data dari data recording, dengan 3 perlakuan yaitu P1 bobot badan 151-200 Kg, P2 bobot badan 201-250 Kg, P3 bobot badan 251-300 Kg dengan masing-masing perlakuan di ulangan 10 kali. Variabel yang diukur adalah berat lahir sapi Bali dan pertambahan bobot badan harian, data dianalisa menggunakan analisa varian.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa berat badan induk tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap berat lahir dan pertambahan bobot badan pedet pada sapi Bali yang dipelihara secara semi-intensif (P>0,05), dengan berat lahir pedet tertinggi 20 Kg pada kelompok bobot badan induk 251 – 300 Kg, demikian pula pada kelompok bobot badan induk 251-300 Kg pertambahan bobot badan pedet tertimggi adalah 0,87 Kg. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa berat lahir dan pertambahan bobot badan pedet pada sapi Bali tidak dipengaruhi oleh berat badan induk pada sistem pemeliharaan semi-intensif. Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of maternal weight on birth weight and calf weight gain in semi-intensive Balinese cattle.The material used in this study were 30 Balinese cows with 3-5 years of age and 30 Balinese calves from 2015 to 2017. The method used in this study was a quantitative method by analyzing data from recording data, with 3 treatments namely P1 body weight 151-200 Kg, P2 body weight 201-250 Kg, P3 body weight 251-300 Kg with replication is not the same, namely 10 replications. The variables measured were Bali cattle birth weight and daily body weight gain and analyzed the data using a completely randomized design.The results of this study indicate that maternal body weight did not have a significant effect on birth weight and calf weight gain in semi-intensive Balinese cattle (P> 0.05), with the highest calf birth weight 20 Kg in the body weight group the main 251 - 300 Kg, as well as the parent body weight 251-300 Kg the highest increase in calf body weight was 0.87 Kg. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that birth weight and calf weight gain in Balinese cattle are not influenced by the body weight of the semi-intensive maintenance system.

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Susiati, Heni, i Habib Subagio. "Aplikasi Penginderaan Jauh Dalam Pemetaan Penggunaan Lahan Detil Tapak RDE, PUSPIPTEK Serpong". Jurnal Pengembangan Energi Nuklir 18, nr 2 (10.03.2017): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.17146/jpen.2016.18.2.3232.

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Telah dilakukan pemetaan tutupan lahan dan perkembangannya dalam skala detil (1 : 5.000) dengan radius 5 km dari pusat tapak rencana pembangunan Reaktor Daya Eksperimental (RDE) di Kawasan Nuklir Serpong (KNS), PUSPIPTEK Serpong. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk membuat database penggunaan lahan skala detil 1:5.000 sebagai persiapan dalam rencana pembangunan RDE dan melengkapi peta tutupan lahan skala 1: 10.000. Metode penelitian dilakukan dalam beberapa tahap, yaitu pengumpulandan pengolahan data citra, ground check lapangan, analisis penggunaan lahan radius 300-500 m, radius 1,2,3,4, dan 5 km dari tapak RDE, serta perubahan penggunaan lahan tahun 2014-2015. Pengolahan citra satelit dilakukan di Pusat Pemetaan dan Tataruang, Badan Informasi Geospasial (BIG). Pengolahan data menggunakan program ArcGis dan Er Mapper, sedangkan analisis data citra satelit menggunakan Image Analysis yang merupakan salah satu tool dalam ArcGis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tutupan lahan KNS setelah radius 3 km merupakan pemukiman yang padat di berbagai tempat. Perubahan penggunaan lahan pada tahun 201 4-201 5 menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perkembangan pesat pemukiman ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan luasan pemukiman di bagian Utara – Timur kawasan PUSPIPTEK.

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Massard, Christophe, Heidi Penttinen, Petri Bono, Egils Vjaters, Vilnis Lietuvietis, Teuvo L. J. Tammela, Annamari Vuorela, Pirjo Nykänen, Pasi Pohjanjousi i Karim Fizazi. "Pharmacokinetics, activity, and safety of ODM-201 in chemotherapy-naïve patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: An open-label phase I trial with long-term extension." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, nr 7_suppl (1.03.2015): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.7_suppl.230.

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230 Background: The open phase I trial, ARAFOR, with long-term extension evaluated pharmacokinetics (PK), antitumor activity and safety of ODM-201 in chemotherapy-naïve patients with progressive mCRPC. Methods: PK phase: Patients received one 600 mg dose of ODM-201 capsules (6 x 100 mg) in fed state and one dose of either tablet formulation (TabA or TabB, 2 x 300 mg) in fed and fasted state in random order. Extension: Patients received ODM-201 600 mg (capsule) twice daily until disease progression/ intolerable adverse event (AE). A data cut-off date Apr 4, 2014 was used for analyses. Results: 30 patients were enrolled in PK and treated in the extension phase. Baseline characteristics: median age 68 yrs, ECOG score 0 in 67%, and ECOG 1 in 33% patients, median PSA 18.2 ng/mL. Median time from PC diagnosis to start of ODM-201 treatment was 39 months. Median time on ODM-201 treatment was 9.5 months (trial is on-going). ODM-201 plasma concentration–time curves were similar for the capsule, TabA, and TabB at fed state. Median tmax at fed state was longer than in fasted state (5–6 h vs. 4 h). Absorption was slower and plasma exposure about 2-fold greater at fed state compared to fasted state (AUCt, AUC¥ and Cmax values). All 30 patients completed the first 12 weeks of the extension phase. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) responses (≥50% reduction from baseline) were seen in 25 (83%) patients (PSA reductions ≥90% in 9 [30%] patients). At 12 weeks, RECIST responses in soft tissue were noted in 6 patients (29%) and stable disease in 13 (62%) patients, 3 (11%) had improvement in skeletal metastases and 18 (67%) stabilised bone disease. 21 (70%) reported at least 1 AE, and treatment-related AEs occurred in 6 (20%) patients. No treatment-related AEs of grade 2 or higher were reported. Conclusions: Tablet and capsule formulations showed comparable single-dose pharmacokinetics. Dose level of 600 mg twice daily (capsule) showed significant antitumor activity and had a favourable safety profile. Updated results from the extension phase will be presented. A phase 3 ARAMIS trial at a dose of 600 mg twice daily in men with non-metastatic CRPC is currently ongoing. Clinical trial information: NTC01784757.

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Mao, Y. F., Q. L. Long, J. M. Gao, Q. C. Wang, Y. Gao i L. Wang. "315 W, 1.94 μm, Tm:YAP InnoSlab laser". Laser Physics 33, nr 2 (12.01.2023): 025002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1555-6611/acaecb.

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Abstract In this letter, a high power, continuous-wave Tm:YAP InnoSlab laser has been developed. It produces 315 W of laser output power with an emission wavelength of 1.94 μm. The optical-to-optical efficiency and slope efficiency with respect to the absorbed pump power are 53.4% and 63.8%, respectively. At the output power of 300 W, the beam quality factors M 2 are 201 in the x-direction and 3 in the y-direction, respectively. The beam shape is rectangular, thus it is ideal for pumping a Ho:YLF laser crystal in InnoSlab design for oscillator and amplifier.

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Firas Abbas Hussain Al-saadi. "Histological study to the effect of Potassium Dichromate on the reproductive organs in mature rats". Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 22, nr 5 (29.01.2023): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v22i5.773.

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This study was designed to show the effect of potassium dichromate (24 mg/kg orally for 60 day) in mature male and female. The results of experiment in male rats showed decrease in seminiferous epithelia thickness and number of stage VII cells (spermatogonium, spermatocytes, spermatids) at the same time the experiment of immature female rats treated with potassium dichromate showed increase in the diameter of ovarian follicles in the categories (101-200), (201-300) and (<400) .It was concluded that potassium dichromate has detrimental effects on living tissue and in some sexual parts in both sexes (male and female) .

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Kimura, Haruhide, i Ryuji Yamada. "0049 Orexin 2 receptor agonist activates pre-Bötzinger complex neurons, phrenic motoneurons and the diaphragm in rodents". SLEEP 46, Supplement_1 (1.05.2023): A23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsad077.0049.

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Abstract Introduction Neurons in the pre-Bötzinger complex are critical for the generation of inspiratory rhythm and regulation of activity of phrenic motoneurons, which control the activity of the diaphragm. Dysregulation of this neuronal network and resulting dysfunction of the diaphragm is associated with central sleep apnea (CSA). Orexins by stimulating both orexin 1 receptor (OX1R) and/or orexin 2 receptor (OX2R) can activate these neurons and the diaphragm. In this study, we assessed effects of OX2R-selective agonists on the activity of neurons in the pre-Bötzinger complex, phrenic motoneurons, and the diaphragm. Methods OX2R-selective agonists danavorexton (TAK-925) and OX-201 (a tool compound with longer plasma half-life than danavorexton in rodents) were used. OX2R and OX1R agonistic activities were examined by calcium mobilization assay in hOX2R/CHO-K1 cells and hOX1R/CHO-K1 cells, respectively. Activity of neurons in the pre-Bötzinger complex and phrenic motoneurons was investigated by electrophysiological recording in rat tissues. Activity of the diaphragm was evaluated by electromyogram recording in anesthetized rats. Respiratory activity was evaluated by whole-body plethysmography recording in mice. Results Danavorexton and OX-201 showed potent OX2R agonistic activity with 50% effective concentration (EC50) values of 5.5 nM and 8.0 nM, respectively. Danavorexton and OX-201 had >5,000-fold and 1,000-fold OX2R selectivity over OX1R, respectively. In in vitro electrophysiological analyses, danavorexton and OX-201 increased the burst frequency of neurons in the pre-Bötzinger complex (EC50: 300 nM and 760 nM, respectively) and phrenic motoneurons (EC50: 1.6 µM and not determined, respectively). Intravenous administration of OX-201 at 1 and 3 mg/kg increased burst frequency of the diaphragm in anesthetized rats and oral administration at 3 mg/kg increased respiratory activity in conscious mice. Conclusion OX2R-selective agonists may enhance respiratory function via activation of the diaphragm through stimulation of neurons in the pre-Bötzinger complex and phrenic motoneurons. OX2R agonists may have therapeutic potential in patients with CSA if enhancement of respiratory function by OX2R agonists can be observed at non-arousal concentrations. Further preclinical and clinical studies are worth conducting in patients with CSA. Support (if any) This work was conducted by Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited.

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Ryglová, K., i I. Vajčnerová. "The analysis of customer behaviour in accommodation services after 1989 in the Czech Republic". Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 53, No. 11 (7.01.2008): 518–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/974-agricecon.

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Hospitality services rank among significant realisation factors of tourism. Due to its increasing importance and high potential, tourism falls into significant elements effecting a possible development of rural areas, especially in the area of maintaining and supporting small and medium businesses. This paper deals with the issues of customer behaviour in the Czech Republic with the emphasis on hospitality services. The main purpose was to identify and analyse development changes in customer behaviour in the area of these services. The pursuit of revealing the causes of such established changes and finding possible links and connections between the individual factors was an inseparable part of it. Furthermore, we compare the materially-technical base and the existing accommodation services in the period after 1989 with the contemporary situation and we also outline new trends in customer behaviour in the Czech Republic. To reach these set targets, a secondary date analysis was conducted and after that, a primary research in the form of questionnaire survey among consumers was carried out. During the statistical evaluation of the research, the frequency of the occurrence of each question was evaluated (e.g. Information on accommodation facilities is usually found on the Internet for 64% of respondents.), then dependences among verbal features were measured and the expressed hypotheses were tested (e.g. The assumption: less than 30% people are looking for accommodation in the category from 201 CZK to 300 CZK was not rejected and so we can say that approximately 30% people find their accommodation in the category 201–300 CZK). Important results of the conducted surveys with the relevant discussions are a part of this paper.

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Yamada, Ryuji, i Haruhide Kimura. "0048 Orexin 2 receptor agonist activates pre-Bötzinger complex neurons, hypoglossal motoneurons and the genioglossus muscle in rodents". SLEEP 46, Supplement_1 (1.05.2023): A22—A23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsad077.0048.

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Abstract Introduction Neurons in the pre-Bötzinger complex are critical for the generation of inspiratory rhythm and control the activity of the genioglossus muscle via activation of hypoglossal motoneurons. Activation of the genioglossus muscle causes anterior movement of the tongue and widens the upper airway. As obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with obstruction of the upper airway, activation of this neuronal pathway may be a novel therapeutic approach. Orexins have been shown to activate these neurons by stimulation of both orexin 1 receptor (OX1R) and/or orexin 2 receptor (OX2R). In this study, we assessed effects of OX2R-selective agonists on activity of neurons in the pre-Bötzinger complex, hypoglossal motoneurons, and the genioglossus muscle. Methods OX2R-selective agonists danavorexton (TAK-925) and OX-201 (a tool compound with longer plasma half-life than danavorexton in rodents) were used. Arousal effects were investigated by electroencephalogram/electromyogram recording in C57BL/6J mice and OX2R knockout mice. Activity of neurons in the pre-Bötzinger complex and hypoglossal motoneurons was investigated by electrophysiological recording in rat tissues. Activity of the genioglossus muscle was evaluated by electromyogram recording in anesthetized rats. Results Oral administration of OX-201 increased wakefulness time during sleep phase in C57BL6J mice but not in OX2R knockout mice. In in vitro electrophysiological analyses, danavorexton, and OX-201 increased the burst frequency of neurons in the pre-Bötzinger complex (EC50: 300 nM and 760 nM, respectively) and hypoglossal motoneurons (EC50: 610 nM and 260 nM, respectively). Intravenous administration of OX-201 at 1 mg/kg increased burst amplitude of the genioglossus muscle in anesthetized rats. Conclusion OX2R-selective agonists may enhance the respiratory function via activation of the genioglossus muscle through stimulation of neurons in the pre-Bötzinger complex and hypoglossal motoneurons. OX2R agonists may have therapeutic potential in patients with OSA if enhancement of respiratory function by OX2R agonists can be observed at non-arousal concentrations. Further preclinical and clinical studies are worth conducting in patients with OSA. Support (if any) This work was conducted by Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited.

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Ige, O. T., O. Jimoh, S. O. Ige, I. P. Ijei, H. Zubairu i A. T. Olayinka. "Profile of bacterial pathogens contaminating hands of healthcare workers during daily routine care of patients at a tertiary hospital in northern Nigeria". African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology 22, nr 1 (26.01.2021): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajcem.v22i1.14.

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Background: Healthcare associated infections (HAIs) have been recognized as a critical challenge affecting the quality of healthcare services provided. A significant proportion of these infections result from cross-contamination of microorganisms which are often acquired and spread by direct contact with patients or contaminated adjacent environmental surfaces through the hands of healthcare workers (HCWs). The objectives of this study are to profile bacterial pathogens commonly found on the hands of health care workers while routinely attending to patients in thehealthcare facility and to determine their antibiotic susceptibility pattern.Methodology: The fingers of the dominant hand of 300 HCWs at the Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital (BDTH), Kaduna, Nigeria, were imprinted on 5% Sheep blood, MacConkey, and Mannitol salt agar plates and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. Bacteria isolates were identified by Gram staining and conventional biochemical tests. The susceptibility of isolated bacteria to selected antibiotics was determined by the modified Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method and interpreted using the 2012 guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.Results: Bacteria were isolated from the hands of all 300 HCWs, with coagulase negative staphylococci (CONS) being the most frequent (67.0%, 201/300). Other bacteria identified were Staphylococcus aureus (23.7%, MRSA of 3%), Streptococcus pyogenes (2.7%), and Enterobacteriaceae (6%). The isolates were highly sensitive to ofloxacin 96.7% (290/300), augmentin 87.7% (263/300) and ceftriaxone 87.3% (262/300).Conclusion: This study demonstrates a high rate of contamination of hands of HCWs with potentially pathogenic bacteria, some of which were multidrug resistant. Concerted efforts should be made to implement programs dedicated to improve hand hygiene practices in the tertiary health care facility. Keywords: Hand hygiene, bacterial, pathogen, healthcare workers, healthcare associated infection French title: Profil d'agents pathogènes bactériens contaminant les mains des travailleurs de la santé lors des soins quotidiens de routine auxpatients d'un hôpital tertiaire dans le nord du Nigéria Contexte: Les infections associées aux soins de santé (IHA) ont été reconnues comme un défi critique affectant la qualité des services de santé fournis. Une proportion importante de ces infections résulte de la contamination croisée de micro-organismes qui sont souvent acquis et propagés par contact direct avec des patients ou des surfaces environnementales adjacentes contaminées par les mains des travailleurs de la santé (TS). Les objectifs de cette étude sont de dresser le profil des agents pathogènes bactériens que l'on trouve couramment dans les mains des travailleurs de la santé tout en s'occupant régulièrement des patients dans l'établissement de santé et de déterminer leur profil de sensibilité aux antibiotiques.Méthodologie: Les doigts de la main dominante de 300 travailleurs de la santé au Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital (BDTH), Kaduna, Nigéria, ont été imprimés sur des plaques de gélose au sang de mouton à 5%, MacConkey et Mannitol et incubés à 37°C pendant 24 heures. Les isolats de bactéries ont été identifiés par coloration de Gram et tests biochimiques conventionnels. La sensibilité des bactéries isolées aux antibiotiques sélectionnés a été déterminée par la méthode de diffusion sur disque modifiée de Kirby-Bauer et interprétée en utilisant les lignes directrices de 2012 du Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.Résultats: les bactéries ont été isolées des mains des 300 TS, les staphylocoques à coagulase négative (CONS) étant les plus fréquents (67,0%, 201/300). Les autres bactéries identifiées étaient Staphylococcus aureus (23,7%, SARM de 3%), Streptococcus pyogenes (2,7%) et Enterobacteriaceae (6%). Les isolats étaient très sensibles à l'ofloxacine 96,7% (290/300), à l'augmentationin 87,7% (263/300) et à la ceftriaxone 87,3% (262/300).Conclusion: Cette étude démontre un taux élevé de contamination des mains des travailleurs de la santé par des bactéries potentiellement pathogènes, dont certaines étaient multirésistantes. Des efforts concertés devraient être faits pour mettre en œuvre des programmes visant à améliorer les pratiques d'hygiène des mains dans les établissements de soins de santé tertiaires. Mots-clés: hygiène des mains, bactérienne, pathogène, personnel de santé, infection associée aux soins de santé

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Scharfstein, Julie A., A. David Paltiel, Milton C. Weinstein, George R. Seage, Elena Losina, Donald E. Craven i Kenneth A. Freedberg. "THE COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF PROPHYLAXIS FOR MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM COMPLEX IN AIDS". International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 15, nr 3 (lipiec 1999): 531–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026646239901538x.

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Objective: To develop a simulation model to project costs, life expectancy, and cost-effectiveness in discounted dollars per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) saved for clinical strategies to prevent Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) in patients with AIDS.Methods: We used natural history data from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, efficacy and toxicity data from randomized clinical trials, and cost data from the AIDS Cost and Services Utilization Survey. The model permits timing of prophylaxis to be stratified by CD4 count (201–300, 101–200, 51–100, and ≤ 50/mm3), and allows combinations of prophylaxis, crossover to second- and third-line agents for toxicity, and consideration of adherence, resistance, and quality of life.Results: The model projects that the average HIV-infected patient with a beginning CD4 count between 201 and 300/mm3 has total lifetime costs of approximately $43,150 and a quality-adjusted life expectancy of 42.35 months. If azithromycin prophylaxis for M. avium complex is begun after the CD4 declines to 50/mm3, costs and quality-adjusted survival increase to approximately $44,040 and 42.78 months, respectively, for an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $25,000/QALY compared with no M. avium complex prophylaxis. Other prophylaxis options (i.e., rifabutin, clarithromycin, and combination therapies) either cost more but offer shorter survival, or have cost-effectiveness ratios above $260,000/QALY. Sensitivity analysis reveals that, for reasonable assumptions about quality of life, risk of infection, prophylaxis cost, adherence, and resistance, azithromycin remains the most cost-effective prophylaxis option.Conclusions: Azithromycin prophylaxis, begun after the CD4 count has declined to 50/mm3, is the most cost-effective M. avium complex prophylaxis strategy. Consistent with new United States Public Health Service guidelines, it should be the first-line prophylaxis option.

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Renoirt, Marie-Sophie, Nathalie Maury, Florian Dupla i Maurice Gonon. "Structure and Properties of Piezoelectric Strontium Fresnoite Glass-Ceramics Belonging to the Sr–Ti–Si–Al–K–O System". Ceramics 2, nr 1 (26.01.2019): 86–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ceramics2010008.

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Crystallization of strontium fresnoite Sr2TiSi2O8 piezoelectric crystals in Sr–Ti–Si–K–Al–O parent glasses is investigated with the aim of showing the influence of composition and crystallization conditions on the microstructure and piezoelectric properties of the resulting glass-ceramic. All the investigated conditions lead to a surface crystallization mechanism that induces a preferential orientation of crystal growth in the glasses. Near the surface, all the glass-ceramics obtained exhibit (002) planes preferentially oriented parallel to their faces. Deeper in the specimens, this preferential orientation is either kept or tilted to (201) after a depth of about 300 µm. The measurement of the charge coefficient d33 of the glass-ceramic highlights that surface crystallization induces mirror symmetry in the polarization. It reaches 11 to 12 pC/N and is not significantly influenced by the preferential orientation (002) or (201). High temperature XRD shows the stability of the fresnoite phase in the glass-ceramics up to 1000 °C. Mechanical characterization of the glass-ceramics by impulse excitation technique (IET) highlights that the softening of the residual glass leads to a progressive decrease of Young’s modulus in the temperature range 600–800 °C. Damping associated to the viscoplastic transition become severe only over 800 °C.

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Smith, Sally S., Dorothy I. Shulman, Thomas M. O'Dorisio, Daniel T. McClenathan, James A. Borger, Barry B. Bercu i Allen W. Root. "Watery Diarrhea, Hypokalemia, Achlorhydria Syndrome in an Infant". Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 6, nr 5 (wrzesień 1987): 710–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.1987.tb09386.x.

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SummaryAn 8‐week‐old infant presented with vomiting and failure to thrive due to small bowel obstruction caused by a diffusely enlarged pancreas. Surgical bypass of the obstruction was followed by secretory diarrhea, hypokalemia, and dehydration. Plasma vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) (823 pg/ml), pancreatic polypeptide (4,500 pg/ml), and neurotensin (680 pg/ml) concentrations were markedly elevated. No neoplastic process was identified. Therapy with the long‐acting somatostatin analogue SMS 201–995 was followed by decline in VIP concentrations (900 to 200–300 pg/ml), decrease in stool frequency, and normalization of serum electrolytes. During 12 months of somatostatin analogue therapy, length and weight progressed along the 3rd percentile on the Tanner growth chart.

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วัฒนพงศ์, วิไลพรรณ, i ชญาภัทร์ กี่อาริโย. "ปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์กับการปรับตัวในการเลือกซื้ออาหารวิถีใหม่ของผู้สูงอายุ เขตจอมทอง กรุงเทพมหานคร". Journal Of Technical Education Development 36, nr 128 (2.12.2023): 60–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14416/j.ted.2023.12.004.

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การศึกษานี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ 1) ศึกษาปัจจัยส่วนบุคคลของผู้สูงอายุเขตจอมทอง กรุงเทพมหานคร 2) ศึกษาการรับรู้ข้อมูลของโรคติดเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนาสายพันธุ์ใหม่ 2019 (COVID–19) 3) ศึกษาการปรับตัวในการซื้ออาหารวิถีใหม่ของผู้สูงอายุ 4) ศึกษาความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างปัจจัยส่วนบุคคลกับการปรับตัวในการซื้ออาหารวิถีใหม่ของผู้สูงอายุ และ 5) ศึกษาความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างการรับรู้ข้อมูลของโรคติดเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนาสายพันธุ์ใหม่ 2019 กับการปรับตัวในการซื้ออาหารวิถีใหม่ของผู้สูงอายุ กลุ่มตัวอย่าง คือ ผู้สูงอายุที่อาศัยอย่ในเขตจอมทอง กรุงเทพมหานคร จำนวน 400 คน จากการสุ่มใช้วิธีการเลือกตัวอย่างแบบบังเอิญ โดยเก็บรวบรวมข้อมูลตามความสะดวก เครื่องมือที่ใช้ในการศึกษาครั้งนี้เป็น แบบสอบถาม สถิติที่ใช้ในการวิเคราะห์ ได้แก่ ค่าความถี่ ร้อยละ และค่าไคสแควร์ ผลการศึกษา พบว่า 1) ปัจจัยส่วนบุคคลของผู้สูงอายุเขตจอมทอง กรุงเทพมหานคร พบว่า ส่วนใหญ่เป็นเพศหญิง มีอายุ 60-65 ปี สถานภาพสมรส โดยมีระดับการศึกษาประถม ที่มีรายได้เฉลี่ย ไม่เกิน 5,000 บาท/เดือน 2) การรับรู้ข้อมูลของโรคติดเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนาสายพันธุ์ใหม่ 2019 (COVID–19) พบว่า ผู้สูงอายุส่วนใหญ่ได้รับแหล่งที่มาของข้อมูลจากศูนย์บริหารสถานการณ์โควิค-19 กระทรวงสาธารณสุข ช่องทางการรับรู้ข้อมูลจากโทรทัศน์ การรับรู้ข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับวัคซีนป้องกันการโรคติดเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนาสายพันธุ์ใหม่ 2019 รับรู้ข้อมูลวัคซีนแอสทราเซเนกามากที่สุด 3) การปรับตัวในการเลือกซื้ออาหารวิถีใหม่ของผู้สูงอายุเขตจอมทอง กรุงเทพมหานครในสถานการณ์ระบาดของโรคติดเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนาสายพันธุ์ใหม่ 2019 (COVID–19) ของผู้สูงอายุเขตจอมทอง กรุงเทพมหานคร พบว่า ผู้สูงอายุมีพฤติกรรมการเตรียมตัวป้องกันก่อนการเลือกซื้ออาหารสวมหน้ากากอนามัย หรือหน้ากากผ้า พกเจลแอลกฮอล์ก่อนออกจากบ้านทุกครั้ง ชนิดของการวิถีใหม่ที่เลือกซื้อ อาหารสดประเภทเนื้อสัตว์ อาหารจานเดียวประเภท ข้าว อาหารแห้งและอาหารกึ่งสำเร็จรูปประเภทเส้น อาหารพร้อมปรุง/พร้อมทานแช่แข็งประเภทผลิตภัณฑ์เนื้อสัตว์แช่แข็ง เครื่องดื่มประเภทน้ำเปล่า ขนมหวานประเภทขนมไทยชนิดต่างๆ การเลือกซื้อจากผู้ขายที่มีการแต่งกายเหมาะสม มีผ้ากันเปื้อนสะอาด สวมหน้ากากอนามัย สวมถุงมือขณะหยิบอาหาร ซื้ออาหารด้วยตัวเอง ที่ตลาดสดใกล้บ้าน มีค่าใช้จ่ายในการเลือกซื้ออาหารต่อครั้ง 201-300 บาท 4) ปัจจัยส่วนบุคคลมีความสัมพันธ์กับการปรับตัวเลือกซื้ออาหารวิถีใหม่ของผู้สูงอายุเขตจอมทอง กรุงเทพมหานคร อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ .05 และ 5) การรับรู้ข้อมูลโรคติดเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนาสายพันธุ์ใหม่ 2019 (COVID–19) มีความสัมพันธ์กับการปรับตัวเลือกซื้ออาหารวิถีใหม่ของผู้สูงอายุเขตจอมทอง กรุงเทพมหานคร ยกเว้นด้านแหล่งที่มาของข้อมูลการระบาดของโรคติดเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนาสายพันธุ์ใหม่ 2019 (COVID–19) และด้านการรับรู้ข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับวัคซีนป้องกันโรคติดเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนาสายพันธุ์ใหม่ 2019 (COVID–19) อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ .05

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Jávor, Bence, András Nábrádi i Sándor Kukovics. "Subsidies are Potential Sources of Profitable Management – Their Payment Between 2010 and 2016". Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 12, nr 1-2 (2.05.2018): 97–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2018/1-2/13.

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Based on the allocations and distributions of subsidies in the sheep sector in the previous years (2004-2009), the authors examined the sum of aids claimed and paid from 2010 to 2016 and their farm-size related changes. The following data were collected from the Agricultural and Rural Development Institute on payments under specific subsidy titles, classified by sheep and goat farm sizes: 0-50; 51-100, 101-200, 201-300 and also 0-100, 101-300, 301-500, 501-1000, 1001-5000 and above 5000. Data procession was carried out by the SPSS for Windows 22 program. The size and population of the examined sheep sector underwent visible changes during the studied years leading to a reduction rather than growth. Their analysis highlights that size distribution of sheep farms has changed significantly in recent years, combined with simultaneous modifications of their sheep stock sizes in production. Their conclusions suggest that effects of years and farm sizes in the sheep and goat sector have considerably modified the aid sums paid under different titles. JEL Classification: H5, Q14

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Indroyono, Achmat Insana Masruchi, Aji Suraji i Agus Tugas Sudjianto. "Landslides Risk Analysis on Pacitan â€“ Ponorogo National Road Section of East Java Province". JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND APPLIED ENGINEERING 4, nr 2 (30.10.2021): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31328/jsae.v4i2.3050.

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Landslide is a natural event that at this time the occurrence is increasing. Landslide natural disasters can occur due to land use patterns that do not follow the rules of environmental sustainability, such as deforestation and the collection of natural resources that exceed their carrying capacity. This research was obtained that the threat, vulnerability of landslides on the national road section of Pacitan - Ponorogo obtained from the results of risky analysis is a very high risk. The result of the risk of very high level of Landslide is found at km 13+900 - 14 +000, km 12+500 - 12+600, km 27+201 - 28+051, km 27+200 - km 27+300, km 33+300 - 33+500, km 12+500 - 13+500. The level of Landslide risk on the Pacitan â€“ Ponorogo National road is very varied, some are medium risk, medium risk, high risk to very high risk. Landslide handling techniques on the National road section of Pacitan - Ponorogo to be more effective and efficient because the conditions and value of Landslide risk are different, it will be better to handle in accordance with the level of Landslide risk in each location.

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Indrayani, Y., D. Setyawati, Y. Mariani, Y. Takematsu i T. Yoshimura. "Diversity of termite species at various altitudes in the secondary forest, West Kalimantan, Indonesia". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 959, nr 1 (1.01.2022): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/959/1/012014.

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Abstract Forests are the natural habitat for termite breeding, where the diversity of its species is higher than other habitats. Therefore, it is imperative to be knowledgeable about the diversity of termites to assess the function of their colonies in environmental ecosystems. An introductory survey to measure the diversity of termite species in a tropical forest in Kapuas Hulu Regency, West Kalimantan, Indonesia, was initiated from August – September 2020. This survey was carried out at various altitudes, namely 100 - 200, 201 - 300, and 301 - 400 masl. The termite sampling process was carried out on a 100 m path for each altitude. Observations were made in 8 plots, measuring 10 x 10 m. The termites were collected from the soil surface, leaf litters, mud trails, fallen logs, tree trunks, and roots, including termite nests. The chemical properties of the soil were analyzed to measure organic carbon, pH, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. A total of 150 samples of termite were collected in the survey from 8 plots at an altitude of 100 – 200 masl (97 individuals), 5 plots at an altitude of 201 – 300 masl (43 individual) and 2 plots at an altitude of 301 - 400 masl (10 individuals). We found seven species of subterranean termites belonging to two families (Termitidae and Rhinotermitidae) and five sub-families (Macrotermitinae, Termitinae, Coptotermitinae, Nasutitermitinae, and Rhinotermitinae). Increasing altitude leads reduction in the number of species of individual termites. This reduced diversity of termite species in higher areas is due to decreased temperature because cold temperatures inhibit termite’s metabolic rate. Soil chemical analysis shows that C-Organic, N, P, K, and CEC contents in this study decreased with increasing altitude. In conclusion, we highlight that altitude is a limiting factor for the distribution of termite species. It is in direct proportion with the homogeneous distribution of termite species in secondary forests of Kapuas Hulu District, West Kalimantan, Indonesia, possibly due to a decrease in air temperature and soil mineral elements.

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Fidlóczky, József, János Bagyura, Károly Nagy, Tamás Szitta, László Haraszthy i Péter Tóth. "Bird conservation on electric-power lines in Hungary: Nest boxes for saker falcon and avian protection against electrocutions. Projects' report". Slovak Raptor Journal 8, nr 2 (1.12.2014): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/srj-2014-0010.

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Abstract Bird conservation on electricity transmission lines has a 40-year history in Hungary. It started with the saker conservation program. The initial small-scale activities were considerably enlarged through the LIFE projects. In the first project, 301 nest boxes for sakers of a new type made of aluminium were installed on pylons of high-voltage transmission lines. In 201 3 nearly 70% of saker pairs nested in these new boxes. An estimated 1 00 000 different birds used to be killed annually on the transmission line pylons in Hungary. During the two LIFE projects about 1 4 300 pylons were made bird-safe using improved technology and materials. Nearly 800 new bird-safe crossarms of pylons are being installed in the second project, which is expected to completely eradicate the danger

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Solomon, Lawrence R. "Oxidant Stress as a Cause of Clinically Significant “Functional” Cobalamin (Cbl) Deficiency". Blood 112, nr 11 (16.11.2008): 2877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.2877.2877.

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Abstract Many patients (pts) with Cbl-responsive disorders identified in the ambulatory care setting have reversible neurologic abnormalities associated with increased levels of the Cbl-dependent metabolites, methylmalonic acid (MMA) and homocysteine (HCys), despite normal serum Cbl values. However, no mechanism to explain these findings has been proposed. Since this picture resembles both the CblC mutation (where reduction of CblCo(III) to CblCo(II) is impaired) and nitrous oxide exposure (which inactivates methionine synthase by oxidation of CblCo(I)), a pathophysiologic role for oxidant stress leading to “Functional” Cbl deficiency was considered. Thus, a retrospective review was performed of 39 pts with Cbl-responsive hematologic or neurologic disorders seen during a 14 yr period for the presence of 6 factors associated with increased oxidant stress: advanced age (>69 yrs); diabetes mellitus; cigarette abuse; alcohol abuse; renal insufficiency; and the presence of active inflammatory disorders. Pts were classified as Cbl-Deficient (Group A: serum Cbl <201 pg/ml; N=9); Possibly Cbl-Deficient (Group B: serum Cbl=201–300 pg/ml with MMA >250 nmol/l; N=12); and “Functional” Cbl Deficiency (Group C: serum Cbl >300 pg/ml with MMA >250 nmol/l; N=18). HCys values were increased (>12.1 μmol/l) in 67%, 75% and 50% of evaluable pts in Groups A, B and C respectively. Reversible neurologic abnormalities occurred in 44% of Group A pts, 67% of Group B pts and 100% of Group C pts. In Group C pts, 83% of cases had at least 2 oxidant risk factors. In contrast, only 22% of Group A pts had 1 risk factor and only 11% had 2 risk factors (p<0.002 vs Group C). Similarly, at least 1 oxidant risk factor was present in 67% of Group B pts (p<0.02 vs Group A) but only 17% had 2 risk factors (p<0.001 vs Group C). Moreover, within Group B, only 1 of 4 pts with serum Cbl values of 201–250 pg/ml had 1 oxidant risk factor (25%), while 7 of 8 pts with serum Cbl values of 251–300 pg/ml had at least 1 risk factor (88%)(p<0.03). Finally, when all 207 pts screened for Cbl deficiency during this period who had serum Cbl values >300 pg/ml were reviewed, MMA values were found to be >250 nmol/l in 81 of them (40%). At least 1 oxidant risk factor was present in 77% of the 81 pts with high MMA values but in only 20% of the 126 pts with normal MMA values (p<0.001). HCys levels were also increased in 42 of the 78 pts with high MMA values studied (54%) and Cbl therapy significantly decreased MMA and HCys values in 83% and 85% respectively of evaluable pts in this population. In contrast, only 11% of the 126 pts with normal MMA values had high HCys levels (p<0.001). It is concluded that “Functional” Cbl-deficiency is associated with disorders known to induce oxidant stress; more commonly encountered as a cause of elevated metabolite levels and neurologic abnormalities than classic Cbl Deficiency; and often responds to Cbl therapy. Taken together, these data suggest a cumulative effect of oxidant risk factors at higher serum Cbl values leading first to increases in MMA and then to clinically significant neurologic abnormalities. Thus, Cbl inactivation may play a role in the development of neuropathy when high risk individuals experience inflammatory illnesses or are exposed to prooxidant drugs and a possible prophylactic or therapeutic role for reduced Cbl vitamers should be considered.

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Itoshima, Ryo, Arata Oda, Ryo Ogawa, Toshimitsu Yanagisawa, Takehiko Hiroma i Tomohiko Nakamura. "Respiratory and Gastrointestinal Management of an Infant with a Birth Weight of 258 Grams". American Journal of Perinatology Reports 12, nr 01 (25.10.2021): e89-e95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1678-3755.

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AbstractToday, more infants weighing less than or equal to 300 g are born, and they survive because of the improvements in neonatal care and treatment. However, their detailed clinical course and neonatal intensive care unit management remain unknown due to their low survival rate and dearth of reports. A male infant was born at 24 weeks and 5 days of gestation and weighed 258 g. The infant received 72 days of invasive and 92 days of noninvasive respiratory support, including high-frequency oscillatory ventilation with volume guarantee and noninvasive neurally adjusted ventilatory assist. Meconium-related ileus was safely treated using diatrizoate. Although the infant was diagnosed with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia and retinopathy of prematurity requiring laser photocoagulation, he had no other severe complications. He was discharged 201 days postdelivery (3 months of corrected age) with a weight of 3.396 kg. Although managing infants weighing less than or equal to 300 g is difficult, our experience shows that it is possible by combining traditional and modern management methods. The management of such infants requires an understanding of the expected difficulties and adaptation of existing methods to their management. The management techniques described here should help improve their survival and long-term prognosis.

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Zhang, Jifeng, Zhenhua Wang, Bihang Fan, Yusheng Hou, Yunqing Dou, Zuoli Ren i Xiaojie Chen. "Investigating the Proper Application Rate of Nitrogen under Mulched Drip Irrigation to Improve the Yield and Quality of Tomato in Saline Soil". Agronomy 10, nr 2 (19.02.2020): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10020293.

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Xinjiang is one of the most prolific tomato-planting areas in China. Here, we carried out a two-year (2017–2018) field experiment in Xinjiang to study the effects of different nitrogen (N) application rates on the spatial distribution of water and salt in the root zone, as well as their impacts on the yield and quality of tomatoes under mulched drip irrigation. The ideal ranges of N application rates for tomato yield and quality were examined under different salinity levels. Results indicated that soil water content and salinity increased with soil depth. Soil water content was closely related to soil salinity but not to N. Among the tested application rates, tomato yield was highest under the medium-high N (225–300 kg/ha) and low salt (4 g/kg) treatment. Under the highest salt level (10 g/kg), the low nitrogen treatment (150 kg/ha) was better than the high N treatment (300 kg/ha) at boosting tomato yield. Moreover, we found that salinity had a stronger effect on tomato quality than N. Based on these results, we were able to recommend ideal ranges for N (155–201 kg/ha) and salt (3.56–5.59 g/kg) while both are present in the soil.

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Świderek, Wiesław Piotr, Krystyna Małgorzata Charon, Anna Winnicka, Joanna Gruszczyńska i Mariusz Pierzchała. "Physiological Threshold of Somatic Cell Count in Milk of Polish Heath Sheep and Polish Lowland Sheep". Annals of Animal Science 16, nr 1 (1.01.2016): 155–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aoas-2015-0071.

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AbstractThe study was conducted on 320 sheep of two breeds: Polish Heath Sheep (PHS) and Polish Lowland Sheep (PLS). Udder health status was assessed based on somatic cell count (SCC) and bacteriological examination of milk. Cells of the immune system (leukocyte populations and lymphocyte subpopulations) were identified in the blood and milk of sheep by flow cytometry, using a panel of specific monoclonal antibodies and fluorescent dyes. The study showed that the highest proportion of neutrophils and a lower percentage of lymphocytes (CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, WC1-N2+) in milk and blood occurred in sheep of both breeds in which milk SCC ranged between 201 and 300×103cells/ml. In light of existing research, these results suggest that fluctuations in somatic cell count of ewe milk are physiologically determined up to 200×103cells/ml and result from udder health disturbances above this level.

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Rodríguez-Herrera, Raúl, Jorge Trujillo-Aguirre i Compton L. Paul. "COSTEÑO 201 VARIEDAD DE SORGO APTA PARA CONSUMO HUMANO ADAPTADA A ZONAS CALIDAS". Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana 11, nr 2 (30.04.2024): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.35196/rfm.1988.2.222.

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En los últimos años el INIFAP ha reforzado la investigación en el mejoramiento genético de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) para generar materiales cuyo grano sea apto para consumo humano, con mínimos problemas de producción de semilla y con adaptacióna los trópicos seco y húmedo del pais. Como resultado de este esfuerzo se ha liberado la variedad de polinización libre "Costeño 201", cuya superficie potencial de siembra es cercana a 300 mil hectáreas, tan solo en la región sur del pais. En 1982 se introdujo de ICRISAT un grupo de genotipos, los cuales fueron evaluados en diversas localidades cálidas del pais, de 1983 a 1986, bajo condiciones ambientales muy diversas. En estas evaluaciones destacó la linea M-62641, cuya genealogía es [(SC 108-3 x es 3541) E 15-5]-15. En 1986 se inició su uniformización, mediante un ciclo inicial de selección masal visual y posteriormente un ciclo de selección familiar de autohermanos. Esta variedad se caracteriza por tener una altura de 160 a 180 cm, una excersión de 10-20 cm, no presenta hijuelos nodales, el número de hojas a la floración varia de 7 a 10, la floración se presenta entre los 60 y 70 días después de la siembra, mientras que la madurez fisiológica a los 90-95 días. La panoja llega a medir de 17 a 25 cm, es de tipo semicompacto, el color del grano es blanco-crema, las glumas son amarillas y la planta es de tipo "tan" o canela.Costeño 201 puede sembrarse en terrenos de riego, de medio temporal, temporal estricto, temporal favorable y humedad residual. Sin embargo, su mejor adaptación se localiza en zonas agrícolas de los estados de Sinaloa, Chiapas, Guerrero y Jalisco ubicados en altitudes no mayores a 1000 msnm. Bajo condiciones de temporal presenta rendimientos experimentales de 4100 kg/ha superando a Blanco 86 con 300 kg, además de ser más precoz que esta variedad. En condiciones de temporal crítico, al menos rinde igual que los hibridos comerciales pero en la mayoria de las veces los supera ampliamente. Por ser una variedad de polinización libre, el agricultor no necesita comprar semilla año tras año. La alta calidad de grano le permite ser utilizado para consumo humano, debido a que casi no contiene taninos ni fenoles. La harina de sorgo puede mezclarse con harina de maiz para producir tortillas. Presenta resistencia como mancha zonada a enfermedades (Gloeocerospora sorghi Bain y Edgerton) y mancha ovalada (Ramulispora sorghicola Harris); muestra tolerancia al tizón de la hoja (Exserohilum turcicum Leo y Sug). En el Registro Nacional de Variedades de Plantas posee el número SOG-200389-18.

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Belchenko ,, S. A., A. V. Dronov i V. V. Lantsev. "ADAPTIVE AND PRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL OF MID-EARLY CORN HYBRIDS FOR GRAIN IN AGROLANDSCAPES CONDITIONS OF BRYANSK REGION". Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy 250 (25.06.2021): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2021-2-19-26.

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The paper presents results of agroecological assessment of adaptive ability and grain yield of mid-early corn hybrids on gray forest soils of Bryansk high plains. The study and assessment of grain yield of mid-early corn hybrids of domestic and foreign selection were carried out on the basis of the experimental field of Bryansk State Agrarian University in the period of 2016-2019. The aim of these studies was to study the adaptability parameters and the features of formation of highly productive agrocenoses of mid-early (FAO 201-300) corn hybrids for grain in the agrolandscape conditions of Bryansk region. The object of the research was 19 hybrids of the middle early group (FAO 201-300). The following tasks were solved in the course of the study: to conduct an agroecological parameter assessment of the adaptive ability of mid-early corn hybrids applying the generally accepted parameter of “yield”; to substantiate the features of formation of highly productive corn crops in grain cultivation technology in the agro-climatic conditions of the region. Parameters of ecological plasticity, stress resistance, homeostaticity, selection value were calculated. As a result of the experiments, the average corn grain yield varied from 6.07 t / ha of Ronaldinio hybrid of the KWS selection (Germany) to 8.29 t / ha of Voronezh 279 SV hybrid (Voronezh branch of the All-Russian Research Institute of Maize). The indexes of environmental conditions (Ij) within the years of research varied from - 0.2 to +0.8: the most favorable conditions for formation of high yield of corn grain appeared in 2018, and on average, 7.72 t / ha was obtained in the experiment. Such genotypes as Ronaldinio (KWS, Germany), P 8523 (Pioneer, France), DKS 2960 (Monsanto, Switzerland), Pterox (RAGN Semences, France) were noted with high parameters of homeostaticity, selection value and variation coefficient low values. High parameters of adaptive ability were identified in hybrids of domestic selection of Voronezh 279 SV, Ladoga 221 MV and foreign selection - Ronaldinio (KWS, Germany), P 8523, P 8816 (Pioneer, France) and DKS 2960 (Monsanto, Switzerland), which possessed stability, selection value, stress resistance and high grain yield in the agrolandscape conditions of the region.

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45

Belchenko ,, S. A., A. V. Dronov i V. V. Lantsev. "ADAPTIVE AND PRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL OF MID-EARLY CORN HYBRIDS FOR GRAIN IN AGROLANDSCAPES CONDITIONS OF BRYANSK REGION". Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy 250 (25.06.2021): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2021-2-19-26.

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The paper presents results of agroecological assessment of adaptive ability and grain yield of mid-early corn hybrids on gray forest soils of Bryansk high plains. The study and assessment of grain yield of mid-early corn hybrids of domestic and foreign selection were carried out on the basis of the experimental field of Bryansk State Agrarian University in the period of 2016-2019. The aim of these studies was to study the adaptability parameters and the features of formation of highly productive agrocenoses of mid-early (FAO 201-300) corn hybrids for grain in the agrolandscape conditions of Bryansk region. The object of the research was 19 hybrids of the middle early group (FAO 201-300). The following tasks were solved in the course of the study: to conduct an agroecological parameter assessment of the adaptive ability of mid-early corn hybrids applying the generally accepted parameter of “yield”; to substantiate the features of formation of highly productive corn crops in grain cultivation technology in the agro-climatic conditions of the region. Parameters of ecological plasticity, stress resistance, homeostaticity, selection value were calculated. As a result of the experiments, the average corn grain yield varied from 6.07 t / ha of Ronaldinio hybrid of the KWS selection (Germany) to 8.29 t / ha of Voronezh 279 SV hybrid (Voronezh branch of the All-Russian Research Institute of Maize). The indexes of environmental conditions (Ij) within the years of research varied from - 0.2 to +0.8: the most favorable conditions for formation of high yield of corn grain appeared in 2018, and on average, 7.72 t / ha was obtained in the experiment. Such genotypes as Ronaldinio (KWS, Germany), P 8523 (Pioneer, France), DKS 2960 (Monsanto, Switzerland), Pterox (RAGN Semences, France) were noted with high parameters of homeostaticity, selection value and variation coefficient low values. High parameters of adaptive ability were identified in hybrids of domestic selection of Voronezh 279 SV, Ladoga 221 MV and foreign selection - Ronaldinio (KWS, Germany), P 8523, P 8816 (Pioneer, France) and DKS 2960 (Monsanto, Switzerland), which possessed stability, selection value, stress resistance and high grain yield in the agrolandscape conditions of the region.

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46

Chen, Wei, YingHua He i Shiyuan Pan. "Impact of air pollution on human activities: Evidence from nine million mobile phone users". PLOS ONE 16, nr 5 (19.05.2021): e0251288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251288.

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To measure the effects of air pollution on human activities, this study applies statistical/econometric modeling to hourly data of 9 million mobile phone users from six cities in China’s Zhejiang Province from December 18 to 21, 2013. Under a change in air quality from “Good” (Air Quality Index, or AQI, between 51 and 100) to “Heavily Polluted” (AQI between 201 to 300), the following effects are demonstrated. (i) Consistent with the literature, for every one million people, 1, 482 fewer individuals are observed at parks, 95% confidence interval or CI (−2, 229, −735), which represents a 15% decrease. (ii) The number of individuals at shopping malls has no statistically significant change. (iii) Home is the most important location under worsening air quality, and for every one million people, 63, 088 more individuals are observed at home, 95% CI (47, 815, 78, 361), which represents a 19% increase. (iv) Individuals are on average 633 meters closer to their home, 95% CI (529, 737); as a benchmark, the median distance from home ranges from 300 to 1900 meters across the cities in our sample. These effects are not due to weather or government regulations. We also provided provisional evidence that individuals engage in inter-temporal activity substitutions within a day, which leads to mitigated (but not nullified) effects of air pollution on daily activities.

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Jones, Brett D., Ming Li i Juan M. Cruz. "A Cross-Cultural Validation of the MUSIC® Model of Academic Motivation Inventory: Evidence from Chinese- and Spanish-Speaking University Students". International Journal of Educational Psychology 6, nr 1 (24.02.2017): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17583/ijep.2017.2357.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which Chinese and Spanish translations of the College Student version of the MUSIC® Model of Academic Motivation Inventory (MUSIC Inventory; Jones, 2012) demonstrate acceptable psychometric properties. We surveyed 300 students at a university in China and 201 students at a university in Colombia using versions of the MUSIC Inventory that were translated into Chinese and Spanish, respectively. To assess the psychometric properties of the inventory, we examined: (a) the internal consistency reliabilities for all of the scales, (b) the fit indices and factor loadings produced from confirmatory factor analysis, and (c) correlations between the MUSIC Inventory scales and behavioral and cognitive engagement. The results provide evidence that the Chinese and Spanish translations of the MUSIC Inventory demonstrate acceptable psychometric properties for use with undergraduate students. Therefore, instructors and researchers can use the translated inventories to assess students’ perceptions of the five MUSIC® Model of Motivation components.

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Hamiruddin, N. A., R. Abd Razak, K. Muhamad, M. Z. A. Mohd Zahid i C. N. S. Che Ab Aziz. "The Effect of Different Sand Gradation with Ultra High Performance Concrete (UHPC)". Solid State Phenomena 280 (sierpień 2018): 476–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.280.476.

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Advances in concrete material research has introduced to development the new class of concrete which is known as Ultra High Performance Concrete (UHPC). Due to the most exceedingly awful on nature coarse aggregate quality, UHPC was delivered to success in concrete. This study investigated the effect of differentsand gradation (63-300μm, 300-600μm, 600-1180μm, and normal sand) on compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) of UHPC. The rheology of UHPC mixtures was determined by flow test conducted according to ASTM C1611 and the compression testwas performed to measure concrete compression strength at 7 and 28 days according to BS 1881-116 (1983). To determine the quality of concrete, UPV test were conducted according to BS 1881 part 201 (1986).From the experimental results, the results indicated that sand grading with 600-1180μm obtained the highest in compressive strength and UPV.The compressive strength at 28 days achieved 100 MPawith direct transmission of UPV 4.5% higher than semi direct.

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Eberhart, Kevin E., i Paul M. Woodard. "Distribution of residual vegetation associated with large fires in Alberta". Canadian Journal of Forest Research 17, nr 10 (1.10.1987): 1207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x87-186.

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Fire size and shape, number and size of islands of residual vegetation, amount of edge, and distances to residual vegetation were analyzed for 69 fires that burned in Alberta between 1970 and 1983. These fires ranged in size from 21 to 17 770 ha. Distribution of residual vegetation was compared among five fire size classes. Fires in the smallest size class (20–40 ha) did not contain any islands of unburned vegetation. Percent of area within the fire perimeter that was actually disturbed decreased with increasing fire size. The number of unburned islands per 100 ha was highest for the third and fourth largest fire size classes (201–400 and 401–2000 ha). Median island area per fire, fire shape index, and edge index increased with fire size. Percentages of burned area within 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 m of residual vegetation decreased with increasing fire size. These results indicate decreased potential for natural reforestation and increased benefits to some wildlife habitats as fire size increases.

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Cravo, Claudia, Ricardo Acácio i Susana Marques. "Uma experiência colaborativa de produção e aplicação de exercícios interativos para o ensino/aprendizagem do latim na FLUC". Thamyris, nova series. Revista de Didáctica de Cultura Clásica, Griego y Latín 10 (2.04.2023): 299–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/thamyristhrdcc.v10i16531.

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Este trabalho resulta da colaboração de duas docentes e de um aluno da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Coimbra (FLUC) no Proyecto de Innovación Educativa (PIE17-174) “La aplicación del Reading Method a la enseñanza del griego y del latín clásico” (2017-2019), concebido por Cristóbal Macías Villalobos e desenvolvido pela Universidade de Málaga entre 2017 e 2019. Pretendemos, num primeiro momento, apresentar as dificuldades sentidas na conversão dos materiais didáticos produzidos por Cristóbal Macías (cf. Thamyris 6 (2015), 201-300) em exercícios interativos. É também nossa intenção dar a conhecer como decorreu a aplicação desses exercícios, no primeiro semestre do ano letivo de 2018/2019, em duas turmas de Latim I -Iniciação, num trabalho que se desenvolveu em estreita colaboração com duas turmas de Grego I - Iniciação. Por fi m, procurando aliar a prática à investigação, comentamos os resultados dos questionários que propusemos aos alunos, no final do semestre, sobre a relevância da metodologia utilizada nas duas disciplinas.

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