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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "2007 h-246"
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Mucker, Eric M., Arthur J. Goff, Joshua D. Shamblin, Douglas W. Grosenbach, Inger K. Damon, Jason M. Mehal, Robert C. Holman i in. "Efficacy of Tecovirimat (ST-246) in Nonhuman Primates Infected with Variola Virus (Smallpox)". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 57, nr 12 (7.10.2013): 6246–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00977-13.
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ABSTRACTNaturally occurring smallpox has been eradicated but remains a considerable threat as a biowarfare/bioterrorist weapon (F. Fleck, Bull. World Health Organ.81:917–918, 2003). While effective, the smallpox vaccine is currently not recommended for routine use in the general public due to safety concerns (http://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/smallpox/vaccination). Safe and effective countermeasures, particularly those effective after exposure to smallpox, are needed. Currently, SIGA Technologies is developing the small-molecule oral drug, tecovirimat (previously known as ST-246), as a postexposure therapeutic treatment of orthopoxvirus disease, including smallpox. Tecovirimat has been shown to be efficacious in preventing lethal orthopoxviral disease in numerous animal models (G. Yang, D. C. Pevear, M. H. Davies, M. S. Collett, T. Bailey, et al., J. Virol.79:13139–13149, 2005; D. C. Quenelle, R. M. Buller, S. Parker, K. A. Keith, D. E. Hruby, et al., Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.,51:689–695, 2007; E. Sbrana, R. Jordan, D. E. Hruby, R. I. Mateo, S. Y. Xiao, et al., Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.76:768–773, 2007). Furthermore, in clinical trials thus far, the drug appears to be safe, with a good pharmacokinetic profile. In this study, the efficacy of tecovirimat was evaluated in both a prelesional and postlesional setting in nonhuman primates challenged intravenously with 1 × 108PFU ofVariola virus(VARV; the causative agent of smallpox), a model for smallpox disease in humans. Following challenge, 50% of placebo-treated controls succumbed to infection, while all tecovirimat-treated animals survived regardless of whether treatment was started at 2 or 4 days postinfection. In addition, tecovirimat treatment resulted in dramatic reductions in dermal lesion counts, oropharyngeal virus shedding, and viral DNA circulating in the blood. Although clinical disease was evident in tecovirimat-treated animals, it was generally very mild and appeared to resolve earlier than in placebo-treated controls that survived infection. Tecovirimat appears to be an effective smallpox therapeutic in nonhuman primates, suggesting that it is reasonably likely to provide therapeutic benefit in smallpox-infected humans.
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Kimura, Mitsutaka, Mitsuhiro Imaizumi i Toshio Nakagawa. "Replication Policy of Real-Time Distributed System for Cloud Computing". International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering 22, nr 05 (październik 2015): 1550024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218539315500242.
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Recently, cloud computing has been widely used for the purpose of protecting client data on the Internet [A. Weiss, Computing in the clouds, netWorker11 (2007) 16–25; M. Armbrust et al., Above the clouds: A Berkeley view of cloud computing, Technical Report UCV/EECS-2009-28, University of California at Berkeley (2009)]. But when a client receives network service, response time may be slow because the data center is located in a remote place. In order to solve the problem, real-time distributed systems for cloud computing has been proposed [M. Okuno, D. Ito, H. Miyamoto, H. Aoki, Y. Tsushima and T. Yazaki, A study on distributed information and communication processing architecture for next generation cloud system, IEICE Tech. Report109(A48) (2010) 241–246; M. Okuno, S. Tsutsumi and T. Yazaki, A study of high available distributed network processing technique for next generation cloud system, IEICE Tech. Report111(8) (2011) 25–30; S. Yamada, J. Marukawa, D. Ishii, S. Okamoto and N. Yamanaka, A study of parallel transmission technique with GMPLS in intelligent cloud network, IEICE Tech. Report109(455) (2010) 51–56]. The cloud computing system consists of some intelligent nodes as well as a data center. The data center manages all client data. The intelligent node provides client service near clients. It enables to provide client service at short response time [M. Okuno, D. Ito, H. Miyamoto, H. Aoki, Y. Tsushima and T. Yazaki, A study on distributed information and communication processing architecture for next generation cloud system, IEICE Tech. Report109(448) (2010) 241–246]. We considered the reliability model of distributed information processing for cloud computing, derived cost effectiveness and discussed the optimal replication interval to minimize it [M. Kimura, M. Imaizumi and T. Nakagawa, Reliability modeling of distributed information processing for cloud computing, in Proc. 20th ISSAT Int. Conf. Reliability and Quality in Design (2014), pp. 183–187]. Authors had dealt with the server system with one failure mode. In this paper, we consider the reliability model of a real-time distributed system with n intelligent nodes and formulate a stochastic model of the server system with n intelligent nodes for changing the other normal intelligent node at failure. We derive the expected numbers of the replication and of updating the client data. Further, we derive the expected cost and discuss an optimal replication interval to minimize it. Next, we derive the cost effectiveness and discuss an optimal number of intelligent nodes to minimize it.
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van Bockel, H. "Vascular Access Simplified. A. H. Davies and C. P. Gibbons (eds). 148×209 mm. Pp. 246. Illustrated. 2007. tfm. Publishing Ltd: Shrewsbury". British Journal of Surgery 94, nr 10 (2007): 1310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bjs.6016.
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Rehme, Michael, Stephen Roberts i Dirk Pflüger. "Uncertainty quantification for the Hokkaido Nansei-Oki tsunami using B-splines on adaptive sparse grids". ANZIAM Journal 62 (29.06.2021): C30—C44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21914/anziamj.v62.16121.
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Modeling uncertainties in the input parameters of computer simulations is an established way to account for inevitably limited knowledge. To overcome long run-times and high demand for computational resources, a surrogate model can replace the original simulation. We use spatially adaptive sparse grids for the creation of this surrogate model. Sparse grids are a discretization scheme designed to mitigate the curse of dimensionality, and spatial adaptivity further decreases the necessary number of expensive simulations. We combine this with B-spline basis functions which provide gradients and are exactly integrable. We demonstrate the capability of this uncertainty quantification approach for a simulation of the Hokkaido Nansei–Oki Tsunami with anuga. We develop a better understanding of the tsunami behavior by calculating key quantities such as mean, percentiles and maximum run-up. We compare our approach to the popular Dakota toolbox and reach slightly better results for all quantities of interest. References B. M. Adams, M. S. Ebeida, et al. Dakota. Sandia Technical Report, SAND2014-4633, Version 6.11 User’s Manual, July 2014. 2019. https://dakota.sandia.gov/content/manuals. J. H. S. de Baar and S. G. Roberts. Multifidelity sparse-grid-based uncertainty quantification for the Hokkaido Nansei–Oki tsunami. Pure Appl. Geophys. 174 (2017), pp. 3107–3121. doi: 10.1007/s00024-017-1606-y. H.-J. Bungartz and M. Griebel. Sparse grids. Acta Numer. 13 (2004), pp. 147–269. doi: 10.1017/S0962492904000182. M. Eldred and J. Burkardt. Comparison of non-intrusive polynomial chaos and stochastic collocation methods for uncertainty quantification. 47th AIAA. 2009. doi: 10.2514/6.2009-976. K. Höllig and J. Hörner. Approximation and modeling with B-splines. Philadelphia: SIAM, 2013. doi: 10.1137/1.9781611972955. M. Matsuyama and H. Tanaka. An experimental study of the highest run-up height in the 1993 Hokkaido Nansei–Oki earthquake tsunami. National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program Review and International Tsunami Symposium (ITS). 2001. O. Nielsen, S. Roberts, D. Gray, A. McPherson, and A. Hitchman. Hydrodymamic modelling of coastal inundation. MODSIM 2005. 2005, pp. 518–523. https://www.mssanz.org.au/modsim05/papers/nielsen.pdf. J. Nocedal and S. J. Wright. Numerical optimization. Springer, 2006. doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-40065-5. D. Pflüger. Spatially Adaptive Sparse Grids for High-Dimensional Problems. Dr. rer. nat., Technische Universität München, Aug. 2010. https://www5.in.tum.de/pub/pflueger10spatially.pdf. M. F. Rehme, F. Franzelin, and D. Pflüger. B-splines on sparse grids for surrogates in uncertainty quantification. Reliab. Eng. Sys. Saf. 209 (2021), p. 107430. doi: 10.1016/j.ress.2021.107430. M. F. Rehme and D. Pflüger. Stochastic collocation with hierarchical extended B-splines on Sparse Grids. Approximation Theory XVI, AT 2019. Springer Proc. Math. Stats. Vol. 336. Springer, 2020. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-57464-2_12. S Roberts, O. Nielsen, D. Gray, J. Sexton, and G. Davies. ANUGA. Geoscience Australia. 2015. doi: 10.13140/RG.2.2.12401.99686. I. J. Schoenberg and A. Whitney. On Pólya frequence functions. III. The positivity of translation determinants with an application to the interpolation problem by spline curves. Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 74.2 (1953), pp. 246–259. doi: 10.2307/1990881. W. Sickel and T. Ullrich. Spline interpolation on sparse grids. Appl. Anal. 90.3–4 (2011), pp. 337–383. doi: 10.1080/00036811.2010.495336. C. E. Synolakis, E. N. Bernard, V. V. Titov, U. Kânoğlu, and F. I. González. Standards, criteria, and procedures for NOAA evaluation of tsunami numerical models. NOAA/Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory. 2007. https://nctr.pmel.noaa.gov/benchmark/. J. Valentin and D. Pflüger. Hierarchical gradient-based optimization with B-splines on sparse grids. Sparse Grids and Applications—Stuttgart 2014. Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering. Vol. 109. Springer, 2016, pp. 315–336. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-28262-6_13. D. Xiu and G. E. Karniadakis. The Wiener–Askey polynomial chaos for stochastic differential equations. SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 24.2 (2002), pp. 619–644. doi: 10.1137/S1064827501387826.
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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews". Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 160, nr 4 (2004): 563–620. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003725.
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-Johann Angerler, Achim Sibeth, Vom Kultobjekt zur Massenware; Kulturhistorische und kunstethnologische Studie zur figürlichen Holzschnitzkunst der Batak in Nordsumatra/Indonesien. Herbolzheim: Centaurus, 2003, 416 pp. [Sozialökonomische Prozesse in Asien und Afrika 8.] -Greg Bankoff, Eva-Lotta E. Hedman ,Philippine politics and society in the twentieth century; Colonial legacies, post colonial trajectories. London: Routledge, 2000, xv + 206 pp. [Politics in Asia Series.], John T. Sidel (eds) -Peter Boomgard, Andrew Dalby, Dangerous tastes; The story of spices. London: British Museum Press, 2002, 184 pp. -Max de Bruijn, G.J. Schutte, Het Indisch Sion; De Gereformeerde kerk onder de Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie. Hilversum: Verloren, 2002, 254 pp. [Serta Historica 7.] -Laura M. Calkins, Jacqueline Aquino Siapno, Gender, Islam, nationalism and the state in Aceh; The paradox of power, co-optation and resistance. London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2002, xxi + 240 pp. -H.J.M. Claessen, Deryck Scarr, A history of the Pacific islands; Passages through tropical time. Richmond: Curzon, 2001, xviii + 323 pp. -Matthew Isaac Cohen, Sean Williams, The sound of the ancestral ship; Highland music of West Java. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001, xii + 276 pp. -Freek Colombijn, Raymond K.H. Chan ,Development in Southeast Asia; Review and prospects. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2002, xx + 265 pp., Kwan Kwok Leung, Raymond M.H. Ngan (eds) -Heidi Dahles, Shinji Yamashita, Bali and beyond; Explorations in the anthropology of tourism. Translated and with an introduction by J.S. Eades, New York: Berghahn, 2003, xix + 175 pp. [Asian Anthropologies.] -Frank Dhont, Hans Antlöv ,Elections in Indonesia; The New Order and beyond. With contributions by Hans Antlöv, Syamsuddin Haris, Endang Turmudi, Sven Cederroth, Kaarlo Voionmaa. London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2004, xii + 164 pp. [Nordic Institute of Asian Studies Monograph Series 88.], Sven Cederroth (eds) -Frank Dhont, Aris Ananta ,Indonesian electoral behaviour; A statistical perspective. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2004, xli + 429 pp. [Indonesia's Population Series 2.], Evi Nurvida Arifin, Leo Suryadinata (eds) -Hans Hägerdal, Arnaud Leveau, Le destin des fils du dragon; L'influence de la communauté chinoise au Viêt Nam et en Thaïlande. Paris: L'Harmattan, Bangkok: Institut de Recherche sur l'Asie de Sud Est Contemporaine, 2003, xii + 88 pp. -Han Bing Siong, A.W.H. Massier, Van recht naar hukum; Indonesische juristen en hun taal, 1915-2000. (Privately published), 2003, xiii + 234 pp. [PhD thesis, Leiden University.] -David Hicks, Andrew Berry, Infinite tropics; An Albert Russel Wallace anthology, with a preface by Stephen Jay Gould. London: Verso, 2002, xviii + 430 pp. -Carool Kersten, J. van Goor, Indische avonturen; Opmerkelijke ontmoetingen met een andere wereld. Den Haag: Sdu Uitgevers, 2000, 294 pp. -Lisa Migo, Robert Martin Dumas, 'Teater Abdulmuluk' in Zuid-Sumatra; Op de drempel van een nieuwe tijdperk. Leiden: Onderzoekschool CNWS, School voor Aziatische, Afrikaanse en Amerindische Studies, 2000, 345 pp. -John N. Miksic, Claude Guillot ,Historie de Barus, Sumatra; Le site de Lobu Tua; II; Étude archéologique et documents. Paris: Association Archipel, 2003, 339 pp. [Cahier d'Archipel 30.], Marie-France Dupoizat, Daniel Perret (eds) -Sandra Niessen, Traude Gavin, Iban ritual textiles. Leiden: KITLV Press, 2003, xi + 356 pp. [Verhandelingen 205.] -Frank Okker, Jan Lechner, Uit de verte; Een jeugd in Indië 1927-1946. Met een nawoord van Gerard Termorshuizen. Leiden: KITLV Uitgeverij, 2004, 151 pp. [Boekerij 'Oost en West'.] -Angela Pashia, William D. Wilder, Journeys of the soul; Anthropological studies of death, burial and reburial practices in Borneo. Phillips ME: Borneo Research Council, 2003, vix + 366 pp. [Borneo Research Council Monograph Series 7.] -Jonathan H. Ping, Huub de Jonge ,Transcending borders; Arabs, politics, trade and Islam in Southeast Asia. Leiden: KITLV Press, 2002, viii + 246 pp. [Proceedings 5.], Nico Kaptein (eds) -Anton Ploeg, William C. Clarke, Remembering Papua New Guinea; An eccentric ethnography. Canberra: Pandanus Books, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University, 2003, 178 pp. -Nathan Porath, Gerco Kroes, Same hair, different hearts; Semai identity in a Malay context; An analysis of ideas and practices concerning health and illness. Leiden: Research School of Asian, African and Amerindian Studies (CNWS), Universiteit Leiden, 2002, 188 pp. -Guido Sprenger, Grant Evans, Laos; Culture and society. Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books, 1999, xi + 313 pp. -Gerard Termorshuizen, Dik van der Meulen, Multatuli; Leven en werk van Eduard Douwes Dekker. Nijmegen: SUN, 2002, 912 pp. -Paige West, Karl Benediktsson, Harvesting development; The construction of fresh food markets in Papua New Guinea. Copenhagen: Nordic Institute of Asian Studies/Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2002, xii + 308 pp. -Edwin Wieringa, Amirul Hadi, Islam and state in Sumatra; A study of seventeenth-century Aceh. Leiden: Brill, 2004, xiii + 273 pp. [Islamic History and Civilization, 48.] -Robin Wilson, Pamela J. Stewart ,Remaking the world; Myth, mining and ritual change among the Duna of Papua New Guinea. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 2002, xvi + 219 pp. [Smithsonian Series in Ethnographic Enquiry.], Andrew Strathern (eds)
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Maharti, Hastin Melur, i Winarini Wilman Mansoer. "HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEPUASAN PERNIKAHAN, KOMITMEN BERAGAMA, DAN KOMITMEN PERNIKAHAN DI INDONESIA". JKKP (Jurnal Kesejahteraan Keluarga dan Pendidikan) 5, nr 1 (24.04.2018): 70–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jkkp.051.07.
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This research is aimed to discover the interrelation between marital satisfaction, religiouscommitment and marital commitment globally and based on its types, personal, moral, andstructural. The sampling of the research is 315 persons, with age 20 until 58 years old. The resultof the research shows there is a significant correlation between marital satisfaction and maritalcommitment, religious commitment and marital commitment, marital satisfaction together withreligious commitment and marital commitment. It is also discovers that marital commitmentinfluences personal commitment and moral commitment, while religious commitment influencespersonal commitment, moral commitment, and structural commitment.Keywords: marital satisfaction, religious commitment, marital commitment
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kepuasan pernikahan, komitmen beragama, dan komitmen pernikahan secara global dan menurut tipenya, komitmen personal, moral, dan struktural. Partisipan penelitian ini adalah berjumlah 315 orang, berusia 20 hingga 58 tahun. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan signifikan antara kepuasan pernikahan dan komitmen pernikahan, komitmen beragama dan komitmen pernikahan, kepuasan pernikahan bersama dengan komitmen beragama dan komitmen pernikahan. Juga diketahui bahwa kepuasan pernikahan memiliki pengaruh terhadap komitmen personal dan komitmen moral. Sementara komitmen beragama memiliki pengaruh terhadap komitmen personal, komitmen moral, dan komitmen struktural.
Kata kunci: kepuasan pernikahan, komitmen beragama, komitmen pernikahan
References
Abbott, D., Berry, M. and Meredith, W. (1990). Religious Belief and Practice: A Potential Assetin Helping Families. Family Relations, 39(4), p.443.Adams, J. M. & Jones, W. H. (1999). Interpersonal commitment in historichal perspectives. InHandbook of Interpersonal Commitment and Relationship Stability. New York: SpringerScience+Business Media.Agnew, H. (2009). Commitment, Theories and Typologies. Department of PsychologicalSciences Faculty Publications. Diunduh dari: http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/psychpubs/28Allgood, S. M., Harris, S.,Skogrand, L., & Lee, T.R. (2008). Marital commitment andreligiosity in a religiously homogenous population. Marriage & Family Review, 45(1),52-67. doi: 10.1080/01494920802537472.Amato, P. R. 2010. Research on divorce: continuing developments and newtrends. Journal ofMarriage and Family 72(3): 650-666. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00723.xAmato, P. and Sobolewski, J. (2001). The Effects of Divorce and Marital Discordon AdultChildren's Psychological Well-Being. American SociologicalReview, 66(6), p.900.Andrea, S.G. (2014). Hubungan antara religiositas dan komitmen pernikahan pada individuyang menikah melalui ta’aruf. Skripsi. Depok: Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Indonesia.Argue, A., Johnson, D. and White, L. (1999). Age and Religiosity: Evidence froma Three-WavePanel Analysis. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 38(3), p.423.Aron, A., Aron, E. and Smollan, D. (1992). Inclusion of Other in the Self Scaleand the structureof interpersonal closeness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63(4), pp.596- 612.Arriaga, X. and Agnew, C. (2001). Being Committed: Affective, Cognitive, and ConativeComponents of Relationship Commitment. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27(9), pp.1190-1203.Benokraitis, N. (1996). Marriages and families. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall.Beveridge, A., Campbell, A., Converse, P. and Rodgers, W. (1976). The Quality of AmericanLife: Perceptions, Evaluations, and Satisfactions. Political Science Quarterly, 91(3),p.529.Bilqisthi, H. (2014). Hubungan antara komitmen pernikahan dengan kepuasanpernikahan padaindividu yang menikah melalui ta’aruf. Skripsi. Depok: Fakultas Psikologi UniversitasIndonesia.Bimas Islam Dalam Angka. (2012). Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia.www.bimasislam.kemenag.go.idBKKBN (2011, Desember). Policy brief pusat penelitian dan pengembangan kependudukan.20 Februari 2015. http://www.bkkbn.go.id/ViewBerita.aspx?BeritaID=967Badan Pusat Statistik. (2010). Survey agama berdasarkan provinsi di Indonesia. www.bps.go.idBurpee, L. and Langer, E. (2005). Mindfulness and Marital Satisfaction. Journalof AdultDevelopment, 12(1), pp.43-51.Carp, F. and Carp, A. (1982). Test of a Model of Domain Satisfactions and WellBeing: EquityConsiderations. Research on Aging, 4(4), pp.503-522.
Cho, D. W. (2014). The influence of religiosity and adult attachment style on maritalsatisfaction among Korean Christian couples living in South Korea. A Dissertation. Liberty University.Chomeya, R. (2010). Quality of psychology test between likert scale 5 and points. Journal ofSocial Sciences, 6 (3), 399-403.Chung, R. H. (2008). Religiosity as predictor of marital commitment andsatisfaction in KoreanAmerican couples. University of Southern CaliforniaClements, R. and Swensen, C. (2000). Commitment to one’s spouse as a predictorof maritalquality among older couples. Curr Psychol, 19(2), pp.110-119.DeGenova, M. and Rice, F. (2005). Intimate relationships, marriages, andfamilies. New York:McGraw-Hill.DeGenova, M. (2008). Intimate relationships, marriages & families. Boston, MA: McGrawHill.Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 95(3), pp.542575.Duvall, E. and Miller, B. (1985). Marriage and family development. New York: Harper & Row.Fowers, B. and Olson, D. (1993). ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale: A brief research andclinical tool. Journal of Family Psychology, 7(2), pp.176-185.Gravetter, F.J. & Forzano, L.B. (2009). Research methods for the behavioral sciences (Edisike-3). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.Goltz, J.W. (1987). Correlates in marital commitment. Disertasi Doktoral.Kanada: UniversitasAlberta.Hansen, D., Kelley, H. and Thibaut, J. (1982). Interpersonal Relations: A Theory ofInterdependence. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 44(1), p.246.Hassan, R. (2007). On Being Religious: Patterns of Religious Commitment in MuslimSocieties. The Muslim World, 97(3), pp.437-478.Hatch, R., James, D. and Schumm, W. (1986). Spiritual Intimacy and MaritalSatisfaction. Family Relations, 35(4), p.539.Harris, S. S. (2005). Marital commitment and religiosity in a sample of adults in Utah. AllGraduate Theses and Dissertations. Paper 2851. http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2851Haseley, J. and Riggs, S. (2006). Marital satisfaction among newly married couples. Denton:University of North Texas.Hawkins, M. (1981). Care of the dying. BMJ, 282(6280), pp.1969-1969.Heaton, T. and Albrecht, S. (1991). Stable Unhappy Marriages. Journal of Marriage and theFamily, 53(3), p.747.Heaton, T., Albrecht, S. and Martin, T. (1985). The Timing of Divorce. Journal of Marriageand the Family, 47(3), p.631.Hoge, D. and Hoge, J. (1984). Period Effects and Specific Age Effects Influencing Values ofAlumni in the Decade after College. Social Forces, 62(4), p.941Impett, E., Beals, K. and Peplau, L. (2001). Testing the investment model of relationshipcommitment and stability in a longitudinal study of married couples. Curr Psychol, 20(4),pp.312-326.Johnson, M. P. (1973). Commitment: A conceptual structure and empirical application. TheSociological Quarterly, 14(3), 395-406.
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Meng, Q., J. Hall, H. Rutigliano, X. Zhou, B. R. Sessions, R. Stott, K. Panter i in. "30 GENERATION OF CLONED TRANSGENIC GOATS WITH CARDIAC SPECIFIC OVEREXPRESSION OF TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR β1". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 25, nr 1 (2013): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv25n1ab30.
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Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) has a potent profibrotic function and is central to signaling cascades involved in interstitial fibrosis, which plays a critical role in the pathobiology of cardiomyopathy and contributes to diastolic and systolic dysfunction. In addition, fibrotic remodeling is responsible for generation of re-entry circuits that promote arrhythmias (Bujak and Frangogiannis 2007 Cardiovasc. Res. 74, 184–195). Due to the small size of the heart, functional electrophysiology of transgenic mice is problematic. Large transgenic animal models have the potential to offer insights into conduction heterogeneity associated with fibrosis and the role of fibrosis in cardiovascular diseases. The goal of this study was to generate transgenic goats overexpressing an active form of TGFβ-1 under control of the cardiac-specific α-myosin heavy chain promoter (α-MHC). A pcDNA3.1DV5-MHC-TGF-β1cys33ser vector was constructed by subcloning the MHC-TGF-β1 fragment from the plasmid pUC-BM20-MHC-TGF-β1 (Nakajima et al. 2000 Circ. Res. 86, 571–579) into the pcDNA3.1D V5 vector. The Neon transfection system was used to electroporate primary goat fetal fibroblasts. After G418 selection and PCR screening, transgenic cells were used for SCNT. Oocytes were collected by slicing ovaries from an abattoir and matured in vitro in an incubator with 5% CO2 in air. Cumulus cells were removed at 21 to 23 h post-maturation. Oocytes were enucleated by aspirating the first polar body and nearby cytoplasm by micromanipulation in Hepes-buffered SOF medium with 10 µg of cytochalasin B mL–1. Transgenic somatic cells were individually inserted into the perivitelline space and fused with enucleated oocytes using double electrical pulses of 1.8 kV cm–1 (40 µs each). Reconstructed embryos were activated by ionomycin (5 min) and DMAP and cycloheximide (CHX) treatments. Cloned embryos were cultured in G1 medium for 12 to 60 h in vitro and then transferred into synchronized recipient females. Pregnancy was examined by ultrasonography on day 30 post-transfer. A total of 246 cloned embryos were transferred into 14 recipients that resulted in production of 7 kids. The pregnancy rate was higher in the group cultured for 12 h compared with those cultured 36 to 60 h [44.4% (n = 9) v. 20% (n = 5)]. The kidding rates per embryo transferred of these 2 groups were 3.8% (n = 156) and 1.1% (n = 90), respectively. The PCR results confirmed that all the clones were transgenic. Phenotype characterization [e.g. gene expression, electrocardiogram (ECG), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)] is underway. We demonstrated successful production of transgenic goat via SCNT. To our knowledge, this is the first transgenic goat model produced for cardiovascular research. This work was supported by the Utah Science Technology and Research Initiative, Utah Multidisciplinary Arrhythmia Consortium.
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Готцева, Маріана. "A Neurocognitive Perspective on Language Acquisition in Ullman’s DP Model". East European Journal of Psycholinguistics 4, nr 2 (28.12.2017): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/eejpl.2017.4.2.got.
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In the last few decades, the studies in second language acquisition have not answered the question what mechanisms a human’s brain uses to make acquisition of language(s) possible. A neurocognitive model which tries to address SLA from such a perspective was suggested by Ullman (2005; 2015), according to which, “both first and second languages are acquired and processed by well-studied brain systems that are known to subserve particular nonlanguage functions” (Ullman, 2005: 141). The brain systems in question have analogous roles in their language and nonlanguage functions. This article is meant to critically analyse the suggested DP model within the context of neurocognitive studies of L2; and evaluate its contribution to the field of SLA studies.
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Berland, M. A., A. von Baer, V. Parraguez, P. Morales, G. P. Adams, M. E. Silva, J. Ruiz i M. H. Ratto. "263 IN VITRO FERTILIZATION AND EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT OF CUMULUS - OOCYTE COMPLEXES COLLECTED BY ULTRASOUND-GUIDED FOLLICULAR ASPIRATION IN LLAMAS TREATED WITH GONADOTROPIN". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 22, nr 1 (2010): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv22n1ab263.
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We have previously documented that both FSH and eCG are equally effective in inducing ovarian superstimulation in llamas, resulting in the recovery of a high number of expanded COC suitable for in vitro fertilization (Ratto et al. 2005 Theriogenology 63, 2445-2457). The objective of the study was to evaluate the ovarian response, morphology, and competence of COC collected by ultrasound-guided follicular aspiration in llamas treated with FSH or eCG. Llamas were assigned randomly into 2 groups (n = 16 per group) and treated for 48 h after follicle ablation with (1)25 mg of FSH (Folltropin, Bioniche Animal Health Canada Inc., Belleville, Canada) i.m. twice daily for 4 d; or (2) 1000IU of eCG (Novormon, Bioniche Animal Health Canada) as a single i.m. dose. The starting of gonadotropin treatment was considered Day 0. Both groups were given an i.m. dose of 5 mg of Armour Standard LH (Lutropin, Bioniche Animal Health Canada) on Day 6, and COC were collected by transvaginal ultrasound follicle aspiration of all follicles ≥7 mm on Day 7. The ovarian response was assessed by transrectal ultrasonography using a 7.5-MHz linear-array transducer (Aloka SSD-500, Clinics, Santiago, Chile) immediately before oocyte collection at 24 to 26 h after LH treatment in both groups. The COC were classified as expanded, compact, denuded, or degenerated. Expanded COC collected from FSH- (n = 147) and eCG-treated llamas (n = 141) were fertilized in vitro using epididymal sperm as previously described (Ratto et al. 2006 Anim. Reprod. Sci. 97, 246-257). Gametes were co-incubated at 38.5°C in air with 5% CO2 and high humidity for 18 h. After in vitro fertilization, presumptive zygotes were co-culture in SOF medium supplemented with 0.6% of BSA with llama granulosa cells at 39°C, 5% CO2, 5% O2, and 90% N2 for 7 days. Embryo development was evaluated on Days 2, 5, and 7 of in vitro culture (Day 0 = IVF). Data were analyzed by Student’s t-test or Fisher’s exact test and presented as mean ± SEM. The FSH and eCG treatment groups did not differ with respect to the number of follicles ≥7 mm at the time of COC collection (16.0 ± 2.7 v. 14.0 ± 1.9; P = 0.5), the number of COC collected (11.5 ± 1.9 v. 9.7 ± 1.2; P = 0.4), or the collection rate per follicle aspirated (77.0 v. 71.5%; P = 0.2). No difference was detected between FSH and eCG-treated llamas in the number of expanded COCs (9.8 ± 1.4 v. 9.4 ± 1.2; P = 0.8). The percentage of presumptive zygotes to develop into 2 to 8 cells on Day 2 (65.3 v. 63.1), morulas on Day 5 (46.2 v. 42.5), and blastocyst stage on Day 7 (23.1 v. 20.5) did not differ (P > 0.05) between FSH and eCG-treated llamas, respectively. In conclusion, FSH and eCG treatments were equally effective for ovarian superstimulation and oocyte collection. The recovery of a high number of expanded COC can be used directly for in vitro fertilization and their competence is not affected by gonadotropin treatment. The study was supported by Convenio Desempeño en Investigacion (2007-DGI-CDA-04), Universidad Catolica de Temuco.
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The linear stability of parallel shear flows of incompressible viscous fluids is classically described by the Orr–Sommerfeld equation in the disturbance streamfunction. This fourth-order equation is obtained by eliminating the pressure from the linearized Navier–Stokes equation. Here we consider retaining the primitive velocity-pressure formulation, as is required for general multidimensional geometries for which the streamfunction is unavailable; this affords a uniform description of one-, two-, and three-dimensional flows and their perturbations. The Orr–Sommerfeld equation is here discretized using Python and scikit- fem, in classical and primitive forms with Hermite and Mini elements, respectively. The solutions for the standard test problem of plane Poiseuille flow show the primitive formulation to be simple, clear, very accurate, and better-conditioned than the classical. References L. Allen and T. J. Bridges. Numerical exterior algebra and the compound matrix method. Numer. 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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Rules. Providing for the consideration of H.R. 2466, Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriation Act, 2000: Report (to accompany H. Res. 243). [Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 1999.
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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Rules. Providing for the consideration of H.R. 2490, Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 2000: Report (to accompany H. Res. 246). [Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 1999.
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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Rules. Providing for the consideration of H.R. 2490, Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 2000: Report (to accompany H. Res. 246). [Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 1999.
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United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. H.R. 3378, H.R. 4673, S. 484, H. Res. 547, H. Con. Res. 242, H. J. Res. 100, H.R. 1064, H. Res. 451, H. Con. Res. 257, and S. 2460: Markup before the Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixth Congress, second session, September 7, 2000. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2001.
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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Rules. Providing for consideration of H.R. 2185, Unemployment Compensation Amendments of 2003: Report (to accompany H. Res. 248). Washington, D.C.]: [U.S. G.P.O.], 2003.
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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Rules. Providing for the consideration of H.R. 2684, Military Construction Appropriations Act, 2000: Report (to accompany H. Res. 242). [Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 1999.
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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Rules. Providing for consideration of H.R. 2944, District of Columbia Appropriations Act, 2002: Report (to accompany H. Res. 245). Washington, D.C.]: [U.S. G.P.O.], 2001.
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Costa, Giovanni, Eleonora Tommasi, Leonardo Giovannini i Nicola Mucci. "Shiftwork Organization". W Textbook of Patient Safety and Clinical Risk Management, 403–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59403-9_29.
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AbstractIn healthcare companies, shiftwork organization is fundamental to ensure continuous 24-h patient care. This chapter gives an overview of health-related problems associated with shift work and the preventative actions that can be taken to protect workers’ health and well-being. Shift work, in particular night work, results in a disruption of biological circadian rhythms with serious social and psychophysical ramifications for the worker. The adverse health effects of shift work can be both in the short-term (sleep, digestive, mental, and menstrual disorders) and in the medium- to long-term (increased gastrointestinal, neuropsychic, metabolic, and cardiovascular diseases). In 2007, the IARC classified shift work as “probable carcinogen” for humans due to the destructive effects on the circadian rhythm. The modification of the sleep/wake cycle also negatively influences worker’s vigilance and performance (“jet-lag syndrome”) leading to a consequently greater risk of accidents and errors. Shift work can be harmful to the safety of both the worker and the patient. Appropriate shift scheduling that respects ergonomic criteria is important to protect worker and patient health and well-being. Medical residents should be conscious of the legislation and rights regarding shift work to ensure they provide appropriate assistance to patients and to preserve their own social and psychophysical well-being.
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Li, Jie Jack, Chris Limberakis i Derek A. Pflum. "Carbon−Carbon Bond Formation". W Modern Organic Synthesis in the Laboratory. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195187984.003.0011.
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Reviews: (a) Vicarion, J. L.; Badia, D.; Carillo, L.; Reyes, E.; Etxebarria, J. Curr. Org. Chem. 2005, 9, 219-235. (b) Mahrwald, R. Ed. In Modern Aldol Reactions; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, 2004; Vol. 1., pp. 1-335 (c) Mahrwald, R. Ed. In Modern Aldol Reactions; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, 2004; Vol. 2., pp. 1-345.(d) Machajewski, T. D.; Wong, C.-H. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2000, 39, 1352-1375. (e) Carriera, E. M. In Modern Carbonyl Chemistry; Otera, J.; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, 2000; Chapter 8: Aldol Reaction: Methodology and Stereochemistry, 227-248. (f) Paterson, I.; Cowden, C. J.; Wallace, D. J. In Modern Carbonyl Chemistry; Otera, J.; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, 2000; Chapter 9: Stereoselective Aldol Reactions in the Synthesis of Polyketide Natural Products, pp. 249-298. (g) Franklin, A. S.; Paterson, I. Contemp. Org. Synth. 1994, 1 317-338. (h) Heathcock, C. H. In Asymmetric Synthesis; Morrison, J. D., Ed.; Academic Press: Orlando, Fl.; 1984; Vol. 3., Chapter 2: The Aldol Addition Reaction, pp. 111-212. (i) Mukaiyama, T. Org. React. 1982, 28, 203-331. Since the early 1980s, aldol condensations involving boron enolates have gain great importance in asymmetric synthesis, particularly the synthesis of natural products with adjacent stereogenic centers bearing hydroxyl and methyl groups. (Z)-Boron enolates tend to give a high diastereoslectivity preference for the syn-stereochemistry while (E)-boron enolates favor the anti-stereochemistry. Because the B-O and B-C bonds are shorter than other metals with oxygen and carbon, the six membered Zimmerman–Traxler transition state in the aldol condensation tends to be more compact which accentuates steric interactions, thus leading to higher diastereoselectivity. When this feature is coupled with a boron enolate bearing a chiral auxillary, high enantioselectivity is achieved. Boron enolates are generated from a ketone and boron triflate in the presence of an organic base such as triethylamine. Reviews: (a) Abiko, A. Acc. Chem. Res. 2004, 37, 387-395. (b) Cowden, C. J. Org. React. 1997, 51, 1-200.
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Taber, Douglass. "Functionalization of C-H Bonds: The Baran Synthesis of Dihydroxyeudesmane". W Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199764549.003.0016.
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Arumugam Sudalai of the National Chemical Laboratory, Pune reported (Tetrahedron Lett. 2008, 49, 6401) a procedure for hydrocarbon iodination. With straight chain hydrocarbons, only secondary iodination was observed. Chao-Jun Li of McGill University uncovered (Adv. Synth. Cat. 2009, 351, 353) a procedure for direct hydrocarbon amination, converting cyclohexane 1 into the amine 3. Justin Du Bois of Stanford University established (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 4513) a procedure for alkane hydroxylation, converting 4 selectively into the alcohol 6. The oxirane 8 usually also preferentially ozidizes methines, hydroxylating steroids at the C-14 position. Ruggero Curci of the University of Bari found (Tetrahedron Lett. 2008, 49, 5614) that the substrate 7 showed some C-14 hydroxylation, but also a useful yield of the ketone 9. The authors suggested that the C-7 acetoxy group may be deactivating the C-14 C-H. C-H bonds can also be converted directly to carbon-carbon bonds. Mark E. Wood of the University of Exeter found (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 3400) that free-radical removal of iodine from 10 followed by intramolecular H-atom abstraction in the presence of the trapping agent 11 delivered 12 with good diastereo control. Professor Li observed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 6278) that under Ru catalysis, hydrocarbons such as 13 could be directly arylated. He also established (Tetrahedron Lett. 2008, 49, 5601) conditions for the direct aminoalkylation of hydrocarbons such as 13, to give 17. Huw M. L. Davies of Emory University converted (Synlett 2009, 151) the ester 4 to the homologated diester 19 in preparatively useful yield using the diazo ester 18, the precursor to a selective, push-pull stabilized carbene. Intramolecular bond formation to an unactivated C-H can be even more selective. Guoshen Liu of the Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry developed (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 2707) an oxidative Pd system that cyclized 20 to the seven-membered ring lactam 21 . Professor Du Bois devised (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008 , 130, 9220) a Rh catalyst that effected allylic amination of 22, to give 23 with substantial enantiocontrol. Dalibor Sames of Columbia University designed (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 402) a remarkable cascade approach to C-H functionalization. Exposure of 24 to Lewis acid led to intramolecular hydride abstraction. Cyclization of the resulting stabilized carbocation delivered the tetrahydropyan 25 with remarkable diastereocontrol.
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Horning, Ned, Julie A. Robinson, Eleanor J. Sterling, Woody Turner i Sacha Spector. "Integrating field data". W Remote Sensing for Ecology and Conservation. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199219940.003.0021.
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While the savannah elephant (Loxodonta africana) is listed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as “vulnerable” because of declining abundance in some regions of Africa (Blanc 2008), populations in some protected areas of South Africa are growing rapidly (van Aarde and Jackson 2007). These populations can cause extensive modification of vegetation structure when their density increases (Owen-Smith 1996; Whyte et al. 2003; Guldemond and van Aarde 2007). Management methods such as culling, translocation, and birth control have not reduced density in some cases (van Aarde et al. 1999; Pimm and van Aarde 2001). Providing more space for elephants is one alternative management strategy, yet fundamental to this strategy is a clear understanding of habitat and landscape use by elephants. Harris et al. (2008) combined remotely sensed data with Global Positioning System (GPS) and traditional ethological observations to assess elephant habitat use across three areas that span the ecological gradient of historical elephant distribution. They explored influences on habitat use across arid savannahs (Etosha National Park in Namibia) and woodlands (Tembe Elephant Park in South Africa and Maputo Elephant Reserve in Mozambique). The researchers focused on three main variables—distance to human settlements, distance to water, and vegetation type. The authors used Landsat 7 ETMþ imagery to create vegetation maps for each location, employing supervised classification and maximum likelihood estimation. Across all sites, they recorded the coordinates of patches with different vegetation and of vegetation transitions to develop signatures for the maps. Elephants do not use all vegetation types, and it can be expedient to focus on presence rather than both presence and absence. Accordingly, the researchers used GPS to record the locations of elephants with the aim of identifying important land cover types for vegetation mapping. The authors mapped water locations in the wet and dry seasons using remotely sensed data and mapped human settlements using GPS, aerial surveys, and regional maps. They tracked elephants with radiotelemetry collars that communicated with the ARGOS satellite system, sending location data for most of the elephants over 24 h, and then remaining quiescent for the next 48 h to extend battery life.
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Tweeddale, Andrew, i Keren Tweeddale. "Privacy and Confidentiality". W Arbitration of Commercial Disputes, 349–70. Oxford University PressOxford, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199265404.003.0011.
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Abstract The privacy and confidentiality of the arbitration process has traditionally been perceived as being a cornerstone of arbitration law. It has been stated that the privacy and confidentiality of arbitration is considered as being one of the main H Bagner, ‘Confidentiality—A Fundamental Principle in International Commercial Arbitration?’ (2001) 18 Journal of International Arbitration (No 2), 2003, 243–9. Cf Lew, Mistelis and Kröll, Comparative International Commercial Arbitration (2003) 660 at para 24–100 in which it is argued that until the early 1990s ‘no-one in England ever thought that arbitration was really “confidential”, as distinct from “private” ‘. See also P Neil QC, ‘Confidentiality in Arbitration’ (1996) 12 Arbitration International (No 3) 287–318, referring to Professor HR Trevor-Roper’s book Archbishop Laud 1573–1645 (1988) at 221–3, which gives details of an early arbitration case that was published. The case concerned an attempt by the English Crown to extract extra revenues from the creation of monopolies. The arbitral tribunal were asked to determine whether soap manufactured by a chartered company of soap-boilers washed whiter than soap produced by independent manufacturers. The arbitral tribunal found in favour of the chartered company of soap-boilers.
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"Royal Women of Judea". W Women’s Religions in the Greco-Roman World, redaktor Ross Shepard Kraemer, 138–42. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195170658.003.0062.
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Abstract bibliography: Ross S. Kraemer, “Typical and Atypical Jewish Family Dynamics: The Cases of Babatha and Berenice,” in Carolyn Osiek and David Balch, eds., Early Christian Families in Context (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 2002), 114–39; Ross S. Kraemer, “Berenice,” in Women in Scripture, 59–61; Klaus-Stefan Krieger, “Berenike, die Schwester König Agrippas II; bei Flavius Josephus,” JSJ 18 (1997): 1–11. Grace H. Macurdy, “Julia Berenice,” American Journal of Philology 56 (1935): 246–53; see also entry 60.
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Allison, Penelope M. "House I 10,8". W The Insula of the Menander at Pompeii. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199263127.003.0017.
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Giornale degli Scavi A,VI,6 (May 1912–Mar. 1929): 465 (15–20 Jan.) A,VI,7 (Apr. 1929–Dec. 1935): 242–96 (18 Nov. 1932–Feb. 1933) Elia 1934: 308–20. This house was excavated for the most part between November 1932 and January 1933. Hence excavations began here a little earlier than in the Casa del Fabbro but continued concurrently for some time. The standard of recording is similar. The excavators noticed numerous breaches in the walls and disturbed volcanic deposit to c.1 m above the pavement (GdSc A,VI,7: 244). Present location: unknown, not inventoried at time of excavation. Discussion: see discussion on studs. Dimensions: diam.: 41 mm; h.: 25–6 mm. Description: three studs consisting of hemispherical bronze boss and iron shaft (max. preserved l.: 26 mm) of rectangular section, slightly tapering (c.17 × 17 mm). Present location: Pompeii Collection, CB (inv. no. 3832). Discussion: Probably studs from a structural door. See discussion on studs. Dimensions: diam.: 29 mm. Description: bronze ring of circular section (diam.: 5 mm). Present location: Pompeii Collection, CB (inv. no. 5155). Discussion: Similar to cat. no. 1107. See discussion on rings. Dimensions: diam.: 40 mm; h. of boss: c.25.4 mm; thickness of lamina: 2.5 mm; preserved l. of shaft: 27 mm. Description: stud with hemispherical bronze boss and iron shaft of square section (c.5 mm × 5 mm). Present location: Pompeii Collection, CB (inv. no. 5157). Discussion: Similar to cat. no. 1567. See discussion on studs. Dimensions: h.: 240 mm (GdSc). Present location: unknown, not inventoried at time of excavation. Discussion: Probably part of hand-mill, similar to cat. no. 1358. Possibly part of cat. no. 1596. Dimensions: diam.: 13–20 mm; h.: 12–19 mm. Description: six turquoise melon beads, of various sizes. Present location: Pompeii Collection, CB (inv. no. 5158). Discussion: Same type as cat. no. 343. See discussion on bottone. Dimensions: l.: 72 mm; h.: 38 mm. Description: helmet shell (Casside undulata or Phalium granulatum undulatum). Present location: Pompeii Collection, CB (inv. no. 5159). Reference: Reese 2002: 298, no. 15. Discussion: see discussion on shells. Description: one quadrans of Nero (c. ad 64); one illegible. Present location: Naples, Coll. Med. (Pompeii inv. no. 5156: not reinventoried).
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"Hudson River Fishes and their Environment". W Hudson River Fishes and their Environment, redaktorzy E. Terry Euston, Susan A. Haney, Kathryn A. Hattala i Andrew W. Kahnle. American Fisheries Society, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569827.ch17.
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<em>Abstract.</em>—Recreational fishing throughout the Hudson River estuary from the federal dam at Troy (river kilometer [rkm] 243) to the George Washington Bridge (rkm 19) was investigated during March 2001 through March 2002. Aerial counting surveys and angler interviews at nearly 200 access points were used to estimate fishing pressure, catch and harvest, catch rates, and various angler attributes. Fishing pressure for the mid-March through November period was estimated at 446,621 angler-hours. Most effort occurred in the late spring by anglers north of the Bear Mountain Bridge (rkm 74). Angling from boats comprised 72.6% of total effort. The total number of fish caught and harvested was estimated at 212,426 and 44,479 individuals, respectively, representing 31 species plus blue crab <em>Callinectes sapidus</em>. Most of the total catch was by boat anglers, although over the entire survey period shore anglers harvested the most fish. In sequence, striped bass <em>Morone saxatilis</em>, river herring <em>Alosa </em>spp., and white perch <em>M. americana </em>were the three most abundant species caught, whereas river herring, white perch, blue crab, and striped bass formed most of the harvest. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) and harvest per unit effort (HPUE) of shore anglers (0.69 fish/h and 0.22 fish/h) were higher than that of boat anglers (0.44 fish/h and 0.02 fish/h). Most anglers throughout spring sought striped bass, whereas during summer and fall boat anglers sought primarily black bass <em>Micropterus </em>spp., with much effort occurring during tournaments. Shore anglers were less focused and sought a broader variety of species. As a group, anglers fishing south of the Bear Mountain Bridge were less aware of fish consumption advisories due to contaminants than anglers fishing elsewhere in the estuary.
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"Hudson River Fishes and their Environment". W Hudson River Fishes and their Environment, redaktorzy E. Terry Euston, Susan A. Haney, Kathryn A. Hattala i Andrew W. Kahnle. American Fisheries Society, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569827.ch17.
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<em>Abstract.</em>—Recreational fishing throughout the Hudson River estuary from the federal dam at Troy (river kilometer [rkm] 243) to the George Washington Bridge (rkm 19) was investigated during March 2001 through March 2002. Aerial counting surveys and angler interviews at nearly 200 access points were used to estimate fishing pressure, catch and harvest, catch rates, and various angler attributes. Fishing pressure for the mid-March through November period was estimated at 446,621 angler-hours. Most effort occurred in the late spring by anglers north of the Bear Mountain Bridge (rkm 74). Angling from boats comprised 72.6% of total effort. The total number of fish caught and harvested was estimated at 212,426 and 44,479 individuals, respectively, representing 31 species plus blue crab <em>Callinectes sapidus</em>. Most of the total catch was by boat anglers, although over the entire survey period shore anglers harvested the most fish. In sequence, striped bass <em>Morone saxatilis</em>, river herring <em>Alosa </em>spp., and white perch <em>M. americana </em>were the three most abundant species caught, whereas river herring, white perch, blue crab, and striped bass formed most of the harvest. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) and harvest per unit effort (HPUE) of shore anglers (0.69 fish/h and 0.22 fish/h) were higher than that of boat anglers (0.44 fish/h and 0.02 fish/h). Most anglers throughout spring sought striped bass, whereas during summer and fall boat anglers sought primarily black bass <em>Micropterus </em>spp., with much effort occurring during tournaments. Shore anglers were less focused and sought a broader variety of species. As a group, anglers fishing south of the Bear Mountain Bridge were less aware of fish consumption advisories due to contaminants than anglers fishing elsewhere in the estuary.
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"Urban and Community Fisheries Programs: Development, Management, and Evaluation". W Urban and Community Fisheries Programs: Development, Management, and Evaluation, redaktorzy Richard T. Eades, Donald W. Gabelhouse i Larry D. Pape. American Fisheries Society, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874042.ch19.
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<em>Abstract.-</em>Nebraska’s Urban Fisheries Program began in April 1999 with the goals of improving recreational fishing in urban areas and providing more opportunities for urban residents to go fishing. The first priority of the Program was to restore community park lakes that no longer supported quality fish populations due to degraded habitat. The Community Lakes Enhancement and Restoration (CLEAR) program was the primary tool for accomplishing those improvements. CLEAR assisted 26 communities to rehabilitate or enhance their park lakes between 2001 and 2007 with almost U.S.$5,000,000 in state and federal funding provided. The Urban Fisheries Program increased management efforts on many community lakes through new stocking programs and more restrictive fishing regulations. Other activities included angler access improvements, fishing clinics, and the production of educational materials. Fish population sampling and angler surveys showed improved sport fishing opportunities and increased angler use compared to previous years. Average electrofishing catch rates for largemouth bass <em>Micropterus salmoides </em>(159 fish/h) and bluegill <em>Lepomis macrochirus </em>(247 fish/h) in restored community lakes were higher than catch rates at other small (<12 ha) Nebraska lakes. Future program efforts should focus on outreach efforts to increase public awareness of the improved angling opportunities now found in many communities.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "2007 h-246"
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Kopajtic, O., i R. Lusa. "H.248-implementation and interoperability issues". W ConTEL 2003 - 7th International Conference on Telecommunications. IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/contel.2003.176982.
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Cmeciu, Doina, i Camelia Cmeciu. "VIRTUAL MUSEUMS - NON-FORMAL MEANS OF TEACHING E-CIVILIZATION/CULTURE". W eLSE 2013. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-13-108.
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Considered repositories of objects(Cuno 2009), museums have been analysed through the object-oriented policies they mainly focus on. Three main purposes are often mentioned: preservation, dissemination of knowledge and access to tradition. Beyond these informative and cultural-laden functions, museums have also been labeled as theatres of power, the emphasis lying on nation-oriented policies. According to Michael F. Brown (2009: 148), the outcome of this moral standing of the nation-state is a mobilizing public sentiment in favour of the state power. We consider that the constant flow of national and international exhibitions or events that could be hosted in museums has a twofold consequence: on the one hand, a cultural dynamics due to the permanent contact with unknown objects, and on the other hand, some visibility strategies in order to attract visitors. This latter effect actually embodies a shift within the perception of museums from entities of knowledge towards leisure environments. Within this context where the concept of edutainment(Eschach 2007) seems to prevail in the non-formal way of acquiring new knowledge, contemporary virtual museums display visual information without regard to geographic location (Dahmen, Sarraf, 2009). They play ?a central role in making culture accessible to the mass audience(Carrazzino, Bergamasco 2010) by using new technologies and novel interaction paradigms. Our study will aim at analyzing the way in which civilization was e-framed in the virtual project ?A History of the World in 100 Objects, run by BBC Radio 4 and the British Museum in 2010. The British Museum won the 2011 Art Fund Prize for this innovative platform whose main content was created by the contributors (the museums and the members of the public). The chairman of the panel of judges, Michael Portillo, noted that the judges were impressed that the project used digital media in ground-breaking and novel ways to interact with audiences. The two theoretical frameworks used in our analysis are framing theories and critical discourse analysis. ?Schemata of interpretation? (Goffman 1974), frames are used by individuals to make sense of information or an occurrence, providing principles for the organization of social reality? (Hertog & McLeod 2001). Considered cultural structures with central ideas and more peripheral concepts and a set of relations that vary in strength and kind among them? (Hertog, McLeod 2001, p.141), frames rely on the selection of some aspects of a perceived reality which are made more salient in a communicating text or e-text. We will interpret this virtual museum as a hypertext which ?makes possible the assembly, retrieval, display and manipulation? (Kok 2004) of objects belonging to different cultures. The structural analysis of the virtual museum as a hypertext will focus on three orders of abstraction (Kok 2004): item, lexia, and cluster. Dividing civilization into 20 periods of time, from making us human (2,000,000 - 9000 BC) up to the world of our making (1914 - 2010 AD), the creators of the digital museum used 100 objects to make sense of the cultural realities which dominated our civilization. The History of the World in 100 Objects used images of these objects which can be considered ?as ideological and as power-laden as word (Jewitt 2008). Closely related to identities, ideologies embed those elements which provide a group legitimation, identification and cohesion. In our analysis of the 100 virtual objects framing e-civilization we will use the six categories which supply the structure of ideologies in the critical discourse analysis framework (van Dijk 2000: 69): membership, activities, goals, values/norms, position (group-relations), resources. The research questions will focus on the content of this digital museum: (1) the types of objects belonging to the 20 periods of e-civilization; (2) the salience of countries of origin for the 100 objects; (3) the salience of social practices framed in the non-formal teaching of e-civilization/culture; and on the visitors? response: (1) the types of attitudes expressed in the forum comments; (2) the types of messages visitors decoded from the analysis of the objects; (3) the (creative) value of such e-resources. References Brown, M.F. (2009). Exhibiting indigenous heritage in the age of cultural property. J.Cuno (Ed.). Whose culture? The promise of museums and the debate over antiquities (pp. 145-164), Princeton, Oxford: Princeton University Press. Carrazzino, M., Bergamasco, M. (2010). Beyond virtual museums: Experiencing immersive virtual reality in real museums. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 11, 452-458. Cuno, J. (2009) (Ed.). Whose culture? The promise of museums and the debate over antiquities (pp. 145-164), Princeton, Oxford: Princeton University Press. Dahmen, N. S., & Sarraf, S. (2009, May 22). Edward Hopper goes to the net: Media aesthetics and visitor analytics of an online art museum exhibition. Visual Communication Studies, Annual Conference of the International Communication Association, Chicago, IL. Eshach, H. (2007). Bridging in-school and out-of-school learning: formal, non-formal, and informal education . Journal of Science Education and Technology, 16 (2), 171-190. Goffman, E. (1974). Frame analysis: An essay on the organization of experience. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Hertog, J.K., & McLeod, D. M. (2001). A multiperspectival approach to framing analysis: A field guide. In S.D. Reese, O.H. Gandy, & A.E. Grant (Eds.), Framing public life: Perspective on media and our understanding of the social world (pp. 139-162). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Jewitt, C. (2008). Multimodality and literacy in school classrooms. Review of Research in Education, 32 (1), 241-267. Kok, K.C.A. (2004). Multisemiotic mediation in hypetext. In Kay L. O?Halloren (Ed.), Multimodal discourse analysis. Systemic functional perspectives (pp. 131-159), London: Continuum. van Dijk, T. A. (2000). Ideology ? a multidisciplinary approach. London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi: Sage.
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Jen-Chun Chang i Wanjiun Liao. "Application-layer conference trees for multimedia multipoint conferences using Megaco/H.248". W IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, 2001. ICME 2001. IEEE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icme.2001.1237665.
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Allamki, Alyaqadhan, Majid Al-Maharbi, Ramanathan Arunachalam i Sayyad Zahid Qamar. "Improved Tensile Strength and Electrical Conductivity of the Electrical Conductor Aluminum Alloy 6201". W ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-70245.
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Abstract The aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloy 6201-T81 is a popular electrical conductor, widely used for overhead and distribution lines. Its light weight makes its mass conductivity twice that of copper. Aluminum conductors however experience creep, corrosion, power loss, and other drawbacks. Therefore, it has become a necessity for manufacturers to improve mechanical and electrical properties. The alloy 6201-T81 is an age hardenable alloy, in which a controlled precipitation of Mg2Si is performed through two different successive heat treatments: Solution heat treatment and precipitation heat treatment. ∅ 3.5 mm wires of the alloy were solution heat treated at 510 °C for an hour, quenched in ice water, and precipitation heat treated at the temperature range 150–200°C for the time range 2–24 h. Results show that strength and hardness increase with aging time at the precipitation heat treatment temperatures 150 °C, 165 °C, and 175 °C, but decreased with aging time at 185 °C and 200 °C. The increase was due to the precipitation of finely and uniformly coherent needle-like Mg2Si precipitates, β″. The decrease was due to the precipitation of the semi-coherent and incoherent rod-like Mg2Si precipitates β′ and β, respectively. Electrical conductivity increases with the aging temperature and time. Maximum conductivity was 60 %IACS obtained after treatments (185°C, 18h), (200 °C, 13h), and (200 °C, 24h. Optimum mechanical properties were obtained after the treatment (165 °C, 18 h) (313 MPa, 8%, 95 HV, and 57.7 %IACS). Optical micrographs verified the correlation between the microstructural grain size and both the mechanical and electrical properties.
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Santiago Gutiérrez, Luz Goretti, Mª Teresa Santana Rodríguez i Cristina Mª Cabrera Hernández. "TRASTORNO POR USO DE ALCOHOL Y TRASTORNO MENTAL. INFLUENCIA DE LA CONCOMITANCIA EN LA EFECTIVIDAD DE LA INTERVENCIÓN AMBULATORIA". W 23° Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Patología Dual (SEPD) 2021. SEPD, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/sepd2021o023.
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INTRODUCCION La Patología Dual (PD) en el consumo de alcohol condiciona el pronóstico, adherencia y retención en la intervención ambulatoria. OBJETIVOS Conocer prevalencia de patología dual. Determina tasas de adherencia a consulta y tratamiento. Analizar correlación PD cumplimiento y efectividad terapéutica. METODO Estudio descriptivo observacional longitudinal. Referencia muestral: 77 pacientes con TUA de 472 incluidos en Plan de Microeliminación del VHC de San Miguel Adicciones (2017 a 2020). Variables de estudio: sociodemográficas, clínicas y de consumo e indicadores de cumplimiento y retención. RESULTADOS Muestra: 62% hombres y 38% mujeres (34 y 70 años). 52% Patología Dual (69%M; 42%H). Patologías psiquiátricas: 22% trastorno depresivo (53%H;47%M), 7% ansiedad (60%H;40%M), 8% síndrome ansioso depresivo (34%H;66%M). Tentativas autolíticas 16%, (42%H;58%M), 7% más de un trastorno psiquiátrico. Acuden por Iniciativa Propia 49%, derivación MAP (25%), Especializada 9%. La retención es superior en los pacientes que no tienen PD (>12 meses). Menor índice de retención en pacientes con trastorno psiquiátrico 40%. Trastorno Depresivo: 82% de adherencia a consulta (AC), 47% de retención (R) > 6 meses, 29% abandona (A) y 24% alta terapéutica (AT). Trastorno de Ansiedad: 20%(AC), 60% (R) >6 meses, 40% (A), 0% (AT). Trastorno Ansioso-Depresivo: 10% (AC), 67%(R) > 6 meses, 50% (A) y 33% (AT). CONCLUSIONES Predominio de trastornos afectivos: depresión, ansiedad. Diferencia en el factor género en TUA y PD. Prevalencia de más de un Trastorno Mental superior en mujeres. Escasa derivación desde los Servicios Especializados. La concurrencia PD-TUA incide de manera desfavorable en pronóstico, evolución y efectividad terapéutica. References 1. Corrêa Filho JM, Baltieri DA. Psychosocial and clinical predictors of retention in outpatient alcoholism treatment. Braz J Psychiatry. 2012 -12;34(4):413-21. 2. Graff FS, Morgan TJ, Epstein EE, McCrady BS, Cook SM, Jensen NK, et al. Engagement and retention in outpatient alcoholism treatment for women. Am J Addict. 2009 Jul-Aug;18(4):277-88.
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Chauhan, Preeti, Michael Osterman i Michael Pecht. "Impact of Thermal Aging on the Growth of Cu-Sn Intermetallic Compounds in Pb-Free Solder Joints in 2512 Resistors". W ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-10169.
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Interfacial intermetallic compounds (IMCs) in solder joints are formed during soldering and continue to grow after assembly. Excessive interfacial IMC growth may impact the reliability of solder interconnections due to changes in material behavior. The impact of thermal aging on IMC growth can be determined by subjecting assemblies to elevated temperatures and determining the interfacial IMC growth. This paper discusses the interfacial IMCs formed in the solder-Cu interface for SAC305, SAC105, and Sn-0.7Cu-0.05Ni+Ge (SN100C) assemblies. Test assemblies were produced using tin-finished 2512 resistors soldered onto OSP-finished copper lands. The assemblies were subjected to aging conditions of 100°C for 24 h and 600 h; and 150°C for 24 h and the impact of high temperature aging on the thickness of IMCs formed at solder-Cu interface was studied. Samples stored at room temperature for 600 h were the reference specimen for the experiment. The IMC growth observed in the lead-free solders was compared with that in eutectic SnPb. Interfacial IMCs formed in room temperature conditioned specimens were scallop shaped and non-uniform. The IMC structure evolved with aging temperature and duration resulting in smoother and more uniform IMCs in 100°C/600 h aged samples. A comparison of IMC thickness in the solders at given aging conditions revealed that SAC305 exhibited highest IMC thickness, followed by SAC105 and SN100C. SnPb showed the least IMC thickness at all aging conditions except at 150°C for 24 h. At this condition, SnPb showed IMC thickness comparable to SAC305 solder and was higher than other solders.
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Pint, Bruce A., Michael J. Lance i J. Allen Haynes. "The Effect of Coating Composition and Geometry on TBC Lifetime". W ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2017-65103.
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Several factors are being investigated that affect the performance of thermal barrier coatings (TBC) for use in land-based gas turbines where coatings are mainly thermally sprayed. This study examined high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF), air plasma sprayed (APS) and vacuum plasma sprayed (VPS) MCrAlYHfSi bond coatings with APS YSZ top coatings at 900°–1100°C. For superalloy 247 substrates and VPS coatings tested in 1-h cycles at 1100°C, removing 0.6wt.%Si had no effect on average lifetime in 1-h cycles at 1100°C, but adding 0.3%Ti had a negative effect. Rod specimens were coated with APS, HVOF and HVOF with an outer APS layer bond coating and tested in 100-h cycles in air+10%H2O at 1100°C. With an HVOF bond coating, initial results indicate that 12.5 mm diameter rod specimens have much shorter 100-h cycle lifetimes than disk specimens. Longer lifetimes were obtained when the bond coating had an inner HVOF layer and outer APS layer.
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Jayasuriya, A. Champa, Elisabeth Michels i Nabil A. Ebraheim. "Demineralized Bone Matrix Incorporated PLGA Matrices". W ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14796.
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Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-PLGA (85:15) films incorporated with demineralized bone matrix (DBM) powder with the weight ratio of polymer: DBM (75:25) were investigated for release of agents including osteoinductive (OI) factors during the 80 day period exposing to Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) at 37 °C. The release amount of agents including OI factors from DBM/PLGA matrices were more than 2-fold higher at 70 days than at 10 days, respectively. This result demonstrated that controlled release of OI factors can be achieved for extended time period at target site using PLGA as a carrier for DBM powder. Murine Bone Marrow Stromal Cell (BMSC) attachment was studied with different time points at 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h and 24 h for DBM/PLGA and PLGA control matrices. Significantly higher number of BMSCs was attached to the DBM/PLGA matrices at each time points compared with controls. This result suggests that BMSCs favor to attach the surfaces having OI properties. If DBM is incorporated into biodegradable 3-D polymer scaffolds and culture with BMSCs, those scaffolds could be potentially used for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Wijenayake, Ajith H., Ty McNutt, Kraig J. Olejniczak, Brandon Passmore, Alex Lostetter, Jonathan Hayes, Yusi Liu i H. Alan Mantooth. "Next-generation MVDC architecture based on 6.5 kV / 200 A, 12.5 mΩ SiC H-bridge and 10 kV / 240 A, 20 mΩ SiC dual power modules". W 2017 IEEE Electric Ship Technologies Symposium (ESTS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ests.2017.8069343.
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Schleef, R. R., M. P. Bevilacqua, M. Sawdey, M. A. Gimbrone i D. J. Loskutoff. "INTERLEUKIN 1 (IL-1) AND TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR (TNF) ACTIVATION OF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM: EFFECTS ON PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR (PAI-1) AND TISSUE-TYPE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR (tPA)". W XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642864.
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The regulation of the fibrinolytic system of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (ECs) by two distinct monokines (IL-1 and TNF) was investigated. Conditioned media (CM) was collected from ECs cultured for 24 h in the presence of the monokines and analyzed in quantitative immunological assays for PAI-1 activity and tPA antigen. Both monokines induced a dose-dependent increase in extracellular PAI-1 activity, with a concomitant decrease in tPA antigen. Maximal effects were achieved with either 10 U/ml IL-1 or 200 U/ml of TNF, and resulted in a 4 fold increase in PAI-1 and a 50% decrease in tPA. The kinetics of the effects of both monokines on EC PAI-1 and tPA were similar, with maximal response detected at 24 h. Cell-associated PAI-1 also increased in response to these monokines. For example, a 24 h exposure of EC to TNF (250 U/ml) or IL-1 (5 U/ml) caused a 5-fold increase in cell-associated PAI-1. Northern blot analysis using a PAI-1 cDNA probe indicated that the monokines increased the levels of two RNA species, corresponding to PAI mRNAs of approximately 3.0 and 2.2 kb in length. To determine if the increase in cel 1-associated PAI-1 reflects a storage pool of rapidly releasable PAI-1, ECs were pretreated with IL-1 for 24 h, washed and the PAI-1 activity in CM measured after 5, 15 and 60 min treatment with known secretagogues (i.e., phorbol myristate acetate, calcium ionophore A23187). Although IL-1 treated ECs released PAI-1 at a rate which was 5-fold higher than controls, this rate was not increased further by treatment with phorbol myristate acetate or ionophore. The fact that both monokines act in a similar manner strengthens the hypothesis that the local development of immune and inflammatory processes could reduce endothelial fibrinolytic activity, thus leading to the pathologic formation of intravascular thrombi.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "2007 h-246"
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Travis, Amanda, Margaret Harvey i Michelle Rickard. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Urinary Incontinence in Elementary School Aged Children. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, październik 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0012.
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Purpose/Background: Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) have an impact on health throughout the lifespan (Filletti et al., 1999; Hughes et al., 2017). These experiences range from physical and mental abuse, substance abuse in the home, parental separation or loss, financial instability, acute illness or injury, witnessing violence in the home or community, and incarceration of family members (Hughes et al., 2017). Understanding and screening for ACEs in children with urinary incontinence can help practitioners identify psychological stress as a potentially modifiable risk factor. Methods: A 5-month chart review was performed identifying English speaking patients ages 6-11 years presenting to the outpatient urology office for an initial visit with a primary diagnosis of urinary incontinence. Charts were reviewed for documentation of individual or family risk factors for ACEs exposure, community risk factors for ACEs exposures, and records where no related documentation was included. Results: For the thirty-nine patients identified, no community risk factors were noted in the charts. Seventy-nine percent of patients had one or more individual or family risk factors documented. Implications for Nursing Practice This chart review indicates that a significant percentage of pediatric, school-aged patients presenting with urinary incontinence have exposure to ACEs. A formal assessment for ACEs at the time of initial presentation would be helpful to identify those at highest risk. References: Felitti VJ, Anda RF, Nordenberg D, Williamson DF, Spitz AM, Edwards V, Koss MP, Marks JS. Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults: the adverse childhood experiences (ACE) study. Am J Prev Med. 1998;14:245–258 Hughes, K., Bellis, M.A., Hardcastle, K.A., Sethi, D., Butchart, D., Mikton, C., Jones, L., Dunne, M.P. (2017) The effect of multiple adverse childhood experiences on health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Public Health, 2(8): e356–e366. Published online 2017 Jul 31.doi: 10.1016/S2468-2667(17)30118-4 Lai, H., Gardner, V., Vetter, J., & Andriole, G. L. (2015). Correlation between psychological stress levels and the severity of overactive bladder symptoms. BMC urology, 15, 14. doi:10.1186/s12894-015-0009-6
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O'Connell, Kelly, David Burdick, Melissa Vaccarino, Colin Lock, Greg Zimmerman i Yakuta Bhagat. Coral species inventory at War in the Pacific National Historical Park: Final report. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2302040.
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The War in the Pacific National Historical Park (WAPA), a protected area managed by the National Park Service (NPS), was established "to commemorate the bravery and sacrifice of those participating in the campaigns of the Pacific Theater of World War II and to conserve and interpret outstanding natural, scenic, and historic values on the island of Guam." Coral reef systems present in the park represent a vital element of Guam?s cultural, traditional, and economical heritage, and as such, are precious and in need of conservation. To facilitate the management of these resources, NPS determined that a scleractinian (stony coral) species survey was necessary to establish a baseline for existing coral communities and other important factors for conservation. EnviroScience, Inc. performed a survey of stony coral species, coral habitat, and current evidence of stressors at WAPA?s H?gat and Asan Units in 2022. This report summarizes these findings from a management perspective and compares its findings to previous survey data from 1977 and 1999 (Eldridge et al. 1977; Amesbury et al. 1999). WAPA is located on the tropical island of Guam, located on the west-central coast of the island, and encompasses 2,037 acres. Underwater resources are a significant component of the park, as 1,002 acres consists of water acres. The park is comprised of seven units, of which two of these, the H?gat and Asan Beach Units, include all the oceanic water acres for the park. The H?gat Beach Unit (local spelling, formerly known as ?Agat?) is located at the south-west portion of the park and consists of 38 land acres and 557 water acres (NPS 2003). The Asan Beach Unit consists of 109 acres of land and 445 water acres (NPS 2003). A current baseline for existing coral communities and other important factors for conservation necessitates the need for up-to-date data on the location, presence, relative abundance, and present health of corals. Park managers need this updated data to determine where and how to best focus conservation priorities and identify restoration opportunities. Management actions in park reef areas informed by this inventory included identifying locations where there were: high rates of sedimentation; high coral biomass; rare or threatened species, with a priority given to species endemic to Guam and listed as ?threatened? under the U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA; Acropora globiceps, A. retusa, A. speciosa, and Seriatopora aculeata); coral persistence and decline, disease and/or nuisance species, including the crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster cf. solaris, ?COTS?) and the sponge Terpios hoshinota; and bleached areas. All work carried out was in accordance with the NPS statement of work (SOW) requirements, which involved a quantitative inventory using both new and pre-existing transects. The resulting transects totaled 61 (including the four from the 1999 study), each measuring 50 meters in length and distributed across depths of up to 50 feet. Divers took photo-quadrat samples covering an area of approximately 9 m?, encompassing 50 photo-quadrats of dimensions 0.50 m x 0.36 m (n=50). The collective area surveyed across all 61 transects amounted to ~549 m?. Additionally, a qualitative search was conducted to enhance documentation of coral species that have limited distribution and might not be captured by transects, along with identifying harmful species and stressors. Timed roving diver coral diversity surveys were carried out at a total of 20 sites occurring within the waters of WAPA, including eight sites at the H?gat unit and 12 sites at the Asan unit. The findings from this report reveal significant disparities in benthic cover compositions between H?gat and Asan units. The H?gat unit exhibits high abundances of turf algae and unconsolidated sediment while the Asan beach unit presents a different scenario, with hard coral as the dominant benthic cover, followed closely by crustose coralline algae (CCA). The Asan unit is also more difficult to access from shore or boat relative to H?gat which provides that unit some protection from human influences. The Asan beach unit's prevalence of hard coral, CCA, and colonizable substrate suggests a more favorable environment for reef growth and the potential benefits of maintaining robust coral cover in the area. These distinct differences in benthic communities highlight the contrasting ecological dynamics and habitats of the two study areas. Across both H?gat and Asan beach unit transects, a total of 56 hard coral species were recorded from 27 genera, with 44 species recorded from the H?gat unit and 48 species recorded from the Asan unit. Of the four historical transects surveyed in the Asan unit from 1999, three experienced declines in percent coral cover (17.38-78.72%), while the fourth had an increase (10.98%). During the timed roving diver coral diversity surveys, a total of 245 hard coral species, including 241 scleractinian coral species representing 49 genera and 4 non-scleractinian coral species representing 4 genera were recorded. Uncertainties related to coral identification, unresolved boundaries between morphospecies, differences in taxonomists' perspectives, and the rapidly evolving state of coral taxonomy have significant implications for species determinations during coral diversity surveys. While the recent surveys have provided valuable insights into coral diversity in WAPA waters, ongoing taxonomic research and collaboration among experts will be essential to obtain a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of coral biodiversity in the region. Of the several ESA coral species that were searched for among the H?gat and Asan beach units, Acropora retusa was the only coral species found among quantitative transects (n=2) and A. globiceps was observed during coral diversity surveys. Acropora speciosa, which was dominant in the upper seaward slopes in 1977, is now conspicuously absent from all the surveys conducted in 2022 (Eldredge et al., 1977). The disappearance and reduction of these once-dominant species underscores the urgency of implementing conservation measures to safeguard the delicate balance of Guam's coral reefs and preserve the diversity and ecological integrity of these invaluable marine ecosystems. Other formerly common or locally abundant species were infrequently encountered during the diversity surveys, including Acropora monticulosa, A. sp. ?obtusicaulis?, A. palmerae, Stylophora sp. ?mordax?, Montipora sp. ?pagoensis?, and Millepora dichotoma. Significant bleaching-associated mortality was recorded for these species, most of which are restricted to reef front/margin zones exposed to moderate-to-high levels of wave energy. Sedimentation was present in both H?gat and the Asan units, though it was more commonly encountered in H?gat transects. While significant portions of the reef area within the WAPA H?gat unit are in poor condition due to a variety of stressors, some areas still hosted notable coral communities, which should be a potential focus for park management to prevent further degradation. There is a need for more effective management of point source pollution concerns, particularly when subpar wastewater treatment or runoff from areas with potential pollution or sediment-laden water is flowing from nearby terrestrial environments. Future monitoring efforts should aim to establish a framework that facilitates a deeper understanding of potential point source pollution incidents. This would empower park managers to collaborate with adjacent communities, both within and outside of park boundaries, to mitigate the localized impacts of pollution (McCutcheon and McKenna, 2021). COTS were encountered during transect surveys as well as in coral diversity surveys. including along the upper reef front/reef margin at site Agat-CS-2. The frequency of these observations, particularly in the WAPA H?gat unit and where stress-susceptible corals are already uncommonly encountered, raise concern about the ability of the populations of these coral species to recover following acute disturbance events, and calls in to question the ability of some of these species to persist in WAPA waters, and in Guam?s waters more broadly. More frequent crown-of-thorns control efforts, even if only a handful of sea stars are removed during a single effort, may be required to prevent further loss to vulnerable species. There were several documented incidents of Terpios hoshinota covering large sections of branching coral in the reef flat along transects, but it is still unclear how detrimental this sponge is to the overall reef system. There is a concern that elevated levels of organic matter and nutrients in the water, such as those resulting from sewage discharge or stormwater runoff, could lead to increased Terpios populations (De Voogd et al. 2013). Consequently, it is important to track populations in known areas of sedimentation and poor water quality. The presence of unique species at single survey sites within the study areas underscores the ecological importance of certain locations. Some species are known to occur in other locations in Guam, while a few may be limited to specific sites within WAPA waters. These differences are likely influenced by environmental and biological factors such as poor water quality, severe heat stress events, chronic predation by crown-of-thorns sea stars, disease, and reduced herbivore populations. These factors collectively shape the condition of the benthic community, leading to variations in species distribution and abundance across the study sites. Documenting coral stress and identifying potentially harmful species allows for proactive management strategies to prevent the establishment of nuisance or detrimental species while populations are still manageable. Updated data on the location, presence, relative abundance, and health of corals is essential for park managers to prioritize conservation efforts and identify restoration opportunities effectively. Observations from this report raise concerns about the health and resilience of coral ecosystems in the H?gat unit and emphasize the need for knowledge of local factors that shape benthic community structure. Understanding the drivers responsible for these variations is crucial for effective conservation and management strategies to preserve the ecological balance and overall health of coral reefs in both units. Continued monitoring efforts will be critical in assessing long-term trends and changes in benthic cover and enabling adaptive management approaches to safeguard these valuable marine ecosystems in the face of ongoing environmental challenges.
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Kozyr, Alex. Carbon Dioxide, Hydrographic, and Chemical Data Obtained During the R/V Ronald H. Brown Repeat Hydrography Cruise in the Atlantic Ocean: CLIVAR CO2 Section A16S_2005 (11 January - 24 February, 2005). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), sierpień 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1182194.
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Blais-Stevens, A., A. Castagner, A. Grenier i K D Brewer. Preliminary results from a subbottom profiling survey of Seton Lake, British Columbia. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/332277.
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Seton Lake is a freshwater fiord located in southwestern British Columbia, roughly 4 km west of Lillooet and 250 km north-northeast of Vancouver. Located in the Coast Mountains, it is an alpine lake about 22-km long and roughly 1-1.5 km wide. It is separated from nearby Anderson Lake, located to the west, by a large pre-historic rock avalanche deposit at Seton Portage. The lake stands at about 243 m above sea level and is up to about 150 m deep (BC gov., 1953). Water level is controlled by a hydroelectric dam (i.e., Seton dam) located at the eastern end of the lake. Here, the lake drains east into Seton Canal, a 5 km diversion of the flow of the Seton River, which begins at the Seton dam. The Seton Canal pushes water to the Seton Powerhouse, a hydroelectric generating station at the Fraser River, just south of the community of Sekw'el'was and confluence of the Seton River, which drains into the Fraser River at Lillooet. Seton Portage, Shalatlh, South Shalatlh, Tsal'alh (Shalath), Sekw'el'was (Cayoosh Creek), and T'it'q'et (Lillooet) are communities that surround the lake. Surrounded by mountainous terrain, the lake is flanked at mid-slope by glacial and colluvial sediments deposited during the last glacial and deglacial periods (Clague, 1989; Jakob, 2018). The bedrock consists mainly of mafic to ultramafic volcanic rocks with minor carbonate and argillite from the Carboniferous to Middle Jurassic periods (Journeay and Monger, 1994). As part of the Public Safety Geoscience Program at the Geological Survey of Canada (Natural Resources Canada), our goal is to provide baseline geoscience information to nearby communities, stakeholders and decision-makers. Our objective was to see what kind of sediments were deposited and specifically if we could identify underwater landslide deposits. Thus, we surveyed the lake using a Pinger SBP sub bottom profiler made by Knudsen Engineering Ltd., with dual 3.5 / 200 kHz transducers mounted to a small boat (see photo). This instrument transmits sound energy down through the water column that reflects off the lake bottom surface and underlying sediment layers. At the lake surface, the reflected sound energy is received by the profiler, recorded on a laptop computer, and integrated with GPS data. These data are processed to generate a two-dimensional image (or profile) showing the character of the lake bottom and underlying sediments along the route that the boat passed over. Our survey in 2022 recorded 98 profiles along Seton Lake. The red transect lines show the locations of the 20 profiles displayed on the poster. The types of sediments observed are mostly fine-grained glaciolacustrine sediments that are horizontally bedded with a subtle transition between glaciolacustrine to lacustrine (e.g., profiles A-A'; C-C'; F-F'; S-S'). Profile S-S' displays this transition zone. The glaciolacustrine sediments probably were deposited as the Cordilleran Ice Sheet retreated from the local area (~13,000-11,000 years ago; Clague, 2017) and the lacustrine sediments, after the ice receded to present-day conditions. Some of the parallel reflections are interrupted, suggesting abrupt sedimentation by deposits that are not horizontally bedded; these are interpreted as landslide deposits (see pink or blue deposits on profiles). The deposits that show disturbance in the sedimentation found within the horizontal beds are thought to be older landslides (e.g., blue arrows/deposits in profiles C-C'; E-E'; F-F'; G-G'; I-I'; J-J'; K-K'; N-N'; P-P'; Q-Q'; R-R'; T-T'; U-U'), but the ones that are found on top of the horizontally laminated sediments (red arrows/pink deposits), and close to the lake wall, are interpreted to be younger (e.g., profiles B-B'; C-C'; H-H'; K-K'; M-M'; O-O'; P-P'; Q-Q'). At the fan delta just west of Seton dam, where there was no acoustic signal penetration, it is interpreted that the delta failed and brought down coarser deposits at the bottom of the lake (e.g., profiles H-H'; M-M'; and perhaps K-K'). However, these could be glacial deposits, bedrock, or other coarser deposits. Some of the deposits that reflect poor penetration of the acoustic signal, below the glaciolacustrine sediments, could represent glacial deposits, old landslide deposits, or perhaps the presence of gas (orange arrows; e.g, B-B'; D-D'; J-J'; O-O', T-T'). The preliminary results from sub bottom profiling reveal that there are underwater landslides deposits of widely varying ages buried in the bottom of the lake. However, the exact timing of these is not known. Hence our preliminary survey gives an overview of the distribution of landslides where there seems to be a larger number of landslides recorded in the narrower eastern portion of the lake.
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Goetsch, Arthur L., Yoav Aharoni, Arieh Brosh, Ryszard (Richard) Puchala, Terry A. Gipson, Zalman Henkin, Eugene D. Ungar i Amit Dolev. Energy Expenditure for Activity in Free Ranging Ruminants: A Nutritional Frontier. United States Department of Agriculture, czerwiec 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7696529.bard.
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Heat production (HP) or energy expenditure for activity (EEa) is of fundamental nutritional importance for livestock because it determines the proportion of ingested nutrients available for productive functions. Previous estimates of EEa are unreliable and vary widely with different indirect methodologies. This leads to erroneous nutritional strategies, especially when intake on pasture does not meet nutritional requirements and supplementation is necessary for acceptable production. Therefore, the objective of this project was to measure EEa in different classes of livestock (beef cattle and goats) over a wide range of ecological and management conditions to develop and evaluate simple means of prediction. In the first study in Israel, small frame (SF) and large frame (LF) cows (268 and 581 kg) were monitored during spring, summer, and autumn. Feed intake by SF cows per unit of metabolic weight was greater (P < 0.001) than that by LF cows in both spring and summer and their apparent selection of higher quality herbage in spring was greater (P < 0.10) than that of LF cows. SF cows grazed more hours per day and walked longer distances than the LF cows during all seasons. The coefficient of specific costs of activities (kJ•kg BW-0.75•d-1) and of locomotion (J•kg BW-0.75•m-1) were smaller for the SF cows. In the second study, cows were monitored in March, May, and September when they grazed relatively large plots, 135 and 78 ha. Energy cost coefficients of standing, grazing, and horizontal locomotion derived were similar to those of the previous study based on data from smaller plots. However, the energy costs of walking idle and of vertical locomotion were greater than those found by Brosh et al. (2006) but similar to those found by Aharoni et al. (2009). In the third study, cows were monitored in February and May in a 78-ha plot with an average slope of 15.5°, whereas average plot slopes of the former studies ranged between 4.3 and 6.9°. Energy cost coefficients of standing, grazing, and walking idle were greater than those calculated in the previous studies. However, the estimated energy costs of locomotion were lower in the steeper plot. A comparison on a similar HP basis, i.e., similar metabolizable energy (ME) intake, shows that the daily energy spent on activities in relation to daily HP increased by 27% as the average plot slope increased from 5.8 and 6.02 to 15.5°. In the fourth study, cows grazing in a woodland habitat were monitored as in previous studies in December, March, and July. Data analysis is in progress. In the first US experiment, Boer and Spanish does with two kids were used in an experiment beginning in late spring at an average of 24 days after kidding. Two does of each breed resided in eight 0.5-ha grass/forb pastures. Periods of 56, 60, 63, 64, and 73 days in length corresponded to mid-lactation, early post-weaning, the late dry period, early gestation, and mid-gestation. EEa expressed as a percentage of the ME requirement for maintenance plus activity in confinement (EEa%) was not influenced by stocking rate, breed, or period, averaging 49%. Behavioral activities (e.g., time spent grazing, walking, and idle, distance traveled) were not highly related to EEa%, although no-intercept regressions against time spent grazing/eating and grazing/eating plus walking indicated an increase in EEa% of 5.8 and 5.1%/h, respectively. In the second study, animal types were yearling Angora doeling goats, yearling Boer wether goats, yearling Spanish wether goats, and Rambouilletwether sheep slightly more than 2 yr of age. Two animals of each type were randomly allocated to one of four pastures 9.3, 12.3, 4.6, and 1.2 ha in area. The experiment was conducted in the summer with three periods, 30, 26, and 26 days in length. EEa% was affected by an interaction between animal type and period (Angora: 16, 17, and 15; Boer: 60, 67, and 34; Spanish: 46, 62, and 42; sheep: 22, 12, and 22% in periods 1, 2, and 3, respectively (SE = 6.1)). EEa% of goats was predicted with moderate accuracy (R2 = 0.40-0.41) and without bias from estimates of 5.8 and 5.1%/h spent grazing/eating and grazing/eating plus walking, respectively, determined in the first experiment; however, these methods were not suitable for sheep. These methods of prediction are simpler and more accurate than currently recommended for goats by the National Research Council.
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Chamovitz, Daniel, i Albrecht Von Arnim. Translational regulation and light signal transduction in plants: the link between eIF3 and the COP9 signalosome. United States Department of Agriculture, listopad 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7696515.bard.
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The COP9 signalosome (CSN) is an eight-subunit protein complex that is highly conserved among eukaryotes. Genetic analysis of the signalosome in the plant model species Arabidopsis thaliana has shown that the signalosome is a repressor of light dependent seedling development as mutant Arabidopsis seedlings that lack this complex develop in complete darkness as if exposed to light. These mutant plants die following the seedling stage, even when exposed to light, indicating that the COP9 signalosome also has a central role in the regulation of normal photomorphogenic development. The biochemical mode of action of the signalosome and its position in eukaryotic cell signaling pathways is a matter of controversy and ongoing investigation, and recent results place the CSN at the juncture of kinase signaling pathways and ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation. We have shown that one of the many CSN functions may relate to the regulation of translation through the interaction of the CSN with its related complex, eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF3). While we have established a physical connection between eIF3 subunits and CSN subunits, the physiological and developmental significance of this interaction is still unknown. In an effort to understand the biochemical activity of the signalosome, and its role in regulating translation, we originally proposed to dissect the contribution of "h" subunit of eIF3 (eIF3h) along the following specific aims: (i) Isolation and phenotypic characterization of an Arabidopsis loss-of-function allele for eIF3h from insertional mutagenesis libraries; (ii) Creation of designed gain and loss of function alleles for eIF3h on the basis of its nucleocytoplasmic distribution and its yeast-two-hybrid interactions with other eIF3 and signalosome partner proteins; (iii) Determining the contribution of eIF3h and its interaction with the signalosome by expressing specific mutants of eIF3h in the eIF3h- loss-of function background. During the course of the research, these goals were modified to include examining the genetic interaction between csn and eif3h mutations. More importantly, we extended our effort toward the genetic analysis of mutations in the eIF3e subunit, which also interacts with the CSN. Through the course of this research program we have made several critical scientific discoveries, all concerned with the apparent diametrically opposed roles of eIF3h and eIF3e. We showed that: 1) While eIF3e is essential for growth and development, eIF3h is not essential for growth or basal translation; 2) While eIF3e has a negative role in translational regulation, eIF3h is positively required for efficient translation of transcripts with complex 5' UTR sequences; 3) Over-accumulation of eIF3e and loss-of-function of eIF3h both lead to cop phenotypes in dark-grown seedlings. These results were published in one publication (Kim et al., Plant Cell 2004) and in a second manuscript currently in revision for Embo J. Are results have led to a paradigm shift in translation research – eIF3 is now viewed in all systems as a dynamic entity that contains regulatory subuits that affect translational efficiency. In the long-term agronomic outlook, the proposed research has implications that may be far reaching. Many important plant processes, including developmental and physiological responses to light, abiotic stress, photosynthate, and hormones operate in part by modulating protein translation [23, 24, 40, 75]. Translational regulation is slowly coming of age as a mechanism for regulating foreign gene expression in plants, beginning with translational enhancers [84, 85] and more recently, coordinating the expression of multiple transgenes using internal ribosome entry sites. Our contribution to understanding the molecular mode of action of a protein complex as fundamental as eIF3 is likely to lead to advances that will be applicable in the foreseeable future.
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Crystal, Victoria, Justin Tweet i Vincent Santucci. Yucca House National Monument: Paleontological resource inventory (public version). National Park Service, maj 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293617.
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Yucca House National Monument (YUHO) in southwestern Colorado protects unexcavated archeological structures that were constructed by the Ancestral Puebloan people between 1050 and 1300 CE. It was established by Woodrow Wilson by presidential proclamation in 1919 and named “Yucca House” by archeologist Jesse Fewkes as a reference to the names used for this area by the local Ute, Tewa Pueblo, and other Native groups. It was originally only 3.9 ha (9.6 ac) of land, but in 1990, an additional 9.7 ha (24 ac) of land was donated by Hallie Ismay, allowing for the protection of additional archeological resources. Another acquisition of new land is currently underway, which will allow for the protection of even more archeological sites. The archeological resources at YUHO remain unexcavated to preserve the integrity of the structures and provide opportunities for future generations of scientists. One of the factors that contributed to the Ancestral Puebloans settling in the area was the presence of natural springs. These springs likely provided enough water to sustain the population, and the Ancestral Puebloans built structures around one of the larger springs, Aztec Spring. Yet, geologic features and processes were shaping the area of southwest Colorado long before the Ancestral Puebloans constructed their dwellings. The geologic history of YUHO spans millions of years. The oldest geologic unit exposed in the monument is the Late Cretaceous Juana Lopez Member of the Mancos Shale. During the deposition of the Mancos Shale, southwestern Colorado was at the bottom of an inland seaway. Beginning about 100 million years ago, sea level rose and flooded the interior of North America, creating the Western Interior Seaway, which hosted a thriving marine ecosystem. The fossiliferous Juana Lopez Member preserves this marine environment, including the organisms that inhabited it. The Juana Lopez Member has yielded a variety of marine fossils, including clams, oysters, ammonites, and vertebrates from within YUHO and the surrounding area. There are four species of fossil bivalves (the group including clams and oysters) found within YUHO: Cameleolopha lugubris, Inoceramus dimidius, Inoceramus perplexus, and Pycnodonte sp. or Rhynchostreon sp. There are six species of ammonites in three genera found within YUHO: Baculites undulatus, Baculites yokoyamai, Prionocyclus novimexicanus, Prionocyclus wyomingensis, Scaphites warreni, and Scaphites whitfieldi. There is one unidentifiable vertebrate bone that has been found in YUHO. Fossils within YUHO were first noticed in 1875–1876 by W. H. Holmes, who observed fossils within the building stones of the Ancestral Puebloans’ structures. Nearly half of the building stones in the archeological structures at YUHO are fossiliferous slabs of the Juana Lopez Member. There are outcrops of the Juana Lopez 0.8 km (0.5 mi) to the west of the structures, and it is hypothesized that the Ancestral Puebloans collected the building stones from these or other nearby outcrops. Following the initial observation of fossils, very little paleontology work has been done in the monument. There has only been one study focused on the paleontology and geology of YUHO, which was prepared by paleontologist Mary Griffitts in 2001. As such, this paleontological resource inventory report serves to provide information to YUHO staff for use in formulating management activities and procedures associated with the paleontological resources. In 2021, a paleontological survey of YUHO was conducted to revisit previously known fossiliferous sites, document new fossil localities, and assess collections of YUHO fossils housed at the Mesa Verde National Park Visitor and Research Center. Notable discoveries made during this survey include: several fossils of Cameleolopha lugubris, which had not previously been found within YUHO; and a fossil of Pycnodonte sp. or Rhynchostreon sp. that was previously unknown from within YUHO.