Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „2005 n-256”

SUMMARYWe report a major outbreak of rabies in dogs and other domestic animals that occurred in eastern Bhutan between May 2005 and November 2007. The outbreak peaked in February 2006 and subsided by the end of April 2006 with sporadic cases reported until November 2007. Rabies affected 18 of the 40 sub-districts in the three eastern districts of Bhutan. There were reportedly one human and 256 domestic animal fatalities. The outbreak affected cattle (n=141, 55%), dogs (n=106, 41%), horses (n=7, 3%) and cats (n=2, 1%). Rabies was primarily diagnosed by clinical signs but 36 cases were confirmed by fluorescent antibody test of brain samples. High densities and movements of free-roaming dogs might have been responsible for the rapid spread and persistence of the infection for a longer period than expected in dogs in eastern Bhutan.

Abstract BACKGROUND: At ASH 2004, we reported > 20% VTE rates with thal/dexamethasone (thal/dex) use as an off-label treatment for MM. The abstract prompted Richard Blumenthal, the Connecticut Attorney General, to file a Citizen’s Petition with the FDA in 2005 outlining six recommendations to address this safety concern. In 2006, the FDA indicated that four recommendations were approved. The AG’s request for a randomized clinical trial of aspirin, low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), and warfarin as VTE prophylaxis was denied- with the FDA indicating that preliminary data suggested that these agents are effective for prophylaxis. At ASH 2005, we reported > 20% VTE rates with len/dex treatment for MM. In response, the manufacturer pre-emptively included a “Black Box” warning describing high VTE rates when len was used off-label for MM. In 2006, len and thal received FDA approval for MM. The Research on Adverse Drug Events and Reports (RADAR) project conducted a systematic review of VTE rates when len or thal is prescribed for MM. METHODS: Reports of VTE with thal or len treatment of MM were reviewed. Data sources included: the FDA’s MedWatch program and phase II/III clinical trial reports from 1998 to 7/2006. RESULTS: FDA’s MedWatch program included reports of VTE occurring among 8 len- (3 on aspirin, 2 on warfarin, and 1 on MLWH) and 1076 thal-treated cancer patients. Clinical trials identified VTE rates of 15% among thal/dex treated patients and 14% among len/dex- treated MM patients (Table). Uncontrolled trials found that thal/dex-associated VTE rates were sometimes, but not always, lower with aspirin, LMWH, or warfarin (INR of 2 to 3), while little information on VTE prophylaxis is available for len-dex treated MM patients. CONCLUSIONS: The extant data continue to support our assertion that randomized controlled trials are needed to identify appropriate VTE prophylaxis agents when MM patients receive len or thal with dex. Data on aspirin prophylaxis remain premature. Clinical Trial VTE Results VTE rate among Thal treated MM patients (n = 2690) VTE rates among Len treated MM patients (n = 702) MM-extent of disease Untreated Relapsed/Refractory Untreated Relapsed/Refractory n/a = data not available Thal/Dex None 96/667 (14.4%) 11/256 (4.3%) 38/278 (13.7%) 48/346 (13.9%) Warfarin (1–1.25 mg/d) 16/105 (15.2%) 8/85 (9.4%) n/a n/a Aspirin (81 mg/d) n/a n/a 9/54 (16.7%) n/a LMWH/Warfarin (INR 2–3) 0/63 (0.0%) 2/26 (7.7%) n/a n/a Thal/Dex/Doxorubicin None 148/610 (24.3%) 47/271 (17.3%) n/a n/a Aspirin (81 mg/d) 3/45 (6.7%) n/a n/a n/a LMWH 19/211 (9.0%) n/a n/a n/a Thal/Melphalan/Prednisone None 43/287 (15.0%) n/a n/a n/a Aspirin (81 mg/d) n/a n/a 1/24 (4.2%) n/a LMWH 2/64 (3.1%) n/a n/a n/a

Ключові слова: пам’ять, ідентичність, національна ідентичність, комеморація, кмеморативні практики. Анотація Національна ідентичність, з одного боку, є однією з фундаментальних ідентичностей, тобто, вона може служити орієнтиром для людини навіть тоді, коли інші (професійні, родинні, класові) швидко змінюються внаслідок трансформації суспільства. З іншого боку, зміни суспільства, його соціальних інститутів (як агентів впливу) змінюють зміст і форми національної ідентичності членів суспільства. Відтак усталення тієї чи іншої моделі ідентичності здійснюється в певному соціальному контексті, який задає не тільки спектр альтернатив, але й набір різних комеморативних практик. У статті обґрунтовується взаємообумовленість смислоконституювання пам’яттєвого та ідентичнісного дискурсів, із урахуванням того, що пам’яттєвий дискурс, з одного боку, віддзеркалює характерні риси національної ідентичності, а з іншого – формує своєрідну смислову основу останньої, моделює її, впливаючи на зміни з різним ступенем інтенсивності. Доведено, що національна ідентичність формується за допомогою колективної пам’яті та комеморативних практик. Посилання Anderson, 2001 – Anderson B. Voobrazhaemыe soobshchestva. Razmыshlenyia ob ystokakh y rasprostranenyy natsyonalyzma [Imaginary communities. Reflections on the origins and spread of nationalism]. M. : Kanon-press, 2001. 288 s. [in Russian] Assman, 2012 – Assman A. Prostory spohadu. Formy ta transformatsii kulturnoi pam’iati [Spaces of memory . Forms and transformations of cultural memory] / per. z nim. K. Dmytrenko, L. Doronicheva, O. Yudin. K.: Nika-Tsentr, 2012. 440 s. (Seriia «Zmina paradyhmy». Vyp. 15). [in Ukrainian] Assman, 2014 – Assman A. Dlynnaia ten proshloho. Memoryalnaia kultura y ystorycheskaia polytyka [Long shadow of the past. Memorial culture and historical politics] / per. s nem. B. Khlebnykova. M.: Novoe lyteraturnoe obozrenye, 2014. 323 s. [in Russian] Brubeiker, 2012 – Brubeiker R. Эtnychnost bez hrupp [Ethnicity without groups]. M.: Yzdatelskyi dom Vsshei shkolы эkonomyky, 2012. 408 s. [in Russian] Briubeiker, 2006 – Briubeiker R. Pereobramlenyi natsionalizm. Status natsii ta natsionalne pytannia v novii Yevropi [Perebramlennyi natsionalizm [Text]: status of the nation and the national question in the new Europe] / Per. z anhl. Lviv : Kalvariia, 2006. 280 s. [in Ukrainian] Vahner-Patsyfy, Shvarts, 2011 – Vahner-Patsyfy R., Shvarts B. Memoryal veteranov Vetnama: pamiaty trudnoho pryshloho [Vietnam Veterans Memorial: Commemorating a Difficult Newcomer] // Polytycheskaia kontseptolohyia. 2011. № 2. S. 155–192. [in Russian] Vasylev, 2009 – Vasylev A.H. Memoryalyzatsyia y zabvenye kak mekhanyzmы proyzvodstva kulturnoho edynstva y raznoobrazyia [Memorialization and oblivion as mechanisms for the production of cultural unity and diversity] // Fundamentalnыe problemы kulturolohy. T. VI. Kulturnoe nasledye: ot proshloho k budushchemu / otv. red. D.L. Spyvak M., Spb.: Novыi khronohraf, Эidos, 2009. C. 56–68. [in Russian] Voropaieva, 2011 – Voropaieva T.S. Formuvannia natsionalnoi i yevropeiskoi identychnosti hromadian Ukrainy: teoretyko-empirychni aspekty (1993–2010 roky) [Formation of national and European identity of citizens of Ukraine: theoretical and empirical aspects (1993-2010)]. // Naukovi studii iz sotsialnoi ta politychnoi psykholohii. 2011. Vyp. 26. S. 333-343. URL: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/Nsspp_2011_26_40. [in Ukrainian] Hibernau, 2012 – Hibernau M. Identychnist natsii [Identity of Nations] / per. z anhl. P. Tarashchuka; red. L. Marchenko. K.: Tempora, 2012. 303 s. [in Ukrainian] Huzman, Sappa, 2016 – Huzman O.A., Sappa H-M.M. Natsionalna identychnist yak sotsiokulturnyi fenomen [National identity as a socio-cultural phenomenon] // Virtus: Scientific Journal / Editor-in-Chief M.A. Zhurba. 2016. Juni (№ 8). S. 64–68. [in Ukrainian] Diurkheim, 1998 – Diurkheim E. Elementarnыe formy relyhyoznoi zhyzny [Elementary forms of religious life] // Mystyka. Relyhyia. Nauka. Klassyky myrovoho relyhyovedenyia: antolohyia / per. s anhl., nem., fr., sost. y obshch. red. A.N. Krasnykova. M.: Kanon+, 1998. S. 174–231. [in Russian] Zaretskyi, 2008 – Zaretskyi Yu. Ystoryia, pamiat, natsyonalnaia ydentychnost [History, memory, national identity] // Neprykosnovennыi zapas. 2008. № 3(59). URL: http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2008/3/za4-pr.html#_ftnref28 [in Russian] Zynovev, 2008 – Zynovev A. Symvoly rossyiskoi natsyonalno-hosudarstvennoi ydentychnosty [Symbols of Russian national-state identity] // Experimentum, 2009: Sbornyk nauchnыkh statei fylosofskoho fakulteta MHU / Pod red. A. Selezneva, E. Moshchelkova; Sost. A. Vorobev, T. Denysova. M.: Yzdatel Vorobёv A.V., 2008. [in Russian] Yeits, 1997 – Yeits F.A. Yskusstvo pamiaty [The art of memory]; [Per. s anhl.] SPb.: Unyversytetskaia knyha, 1997. 480 s. [in Russian] Kastoryadys, 2003 – Kastoryadys K. Voobrazhaemoe ustanovlenye obshchestva [The Imaginary Establishment of Society]. M.: Lohos, 2003. 480 s. [in Russian] Kasianov, 2016 – Kasianov H.V. Istorychna pamiat ta istorychna polityka: do pytannia pro terminolohiiu y henealohiiu poniat [Historical memory and historical politics: on the question of terminology and genealogy of concepts] // Ukrainskyi istorychnyi zhurnal. 2016. № 2(527). S. 118–137. [in Ukrainian] Kyrydon, 2016 – Kyrydon A.M. Heterotopii pam’iati:. Teoretyko-metodolohichni problemy studii pam’iati [Heterotopias of memory :. Theoretical and methodological problems of memory studies]. Kyiv : Nika-Tsentr, 2016. 320 s. [in Ukrainian] Kozellek, 2005 – Kozellek R. Mynule maibutnie. Pro semantyku istorychnoho chasu [Past future. On the semantics of historical time]. K. : Dukh i litera, 2005. 317 s. [in Ukrainian] Kozellek, 2006 – Kozellek R. Chasovi plasty. Doslidzhennia z teorii istorii [Temporal layers and. Research in the theory of history]; [Per. z nim.]. K.: Dukh i litera, 2006. 436 s. [in Ukrainian] Konyk, 2009 – Konyk A. «Istorychna pam’iat» ta «polityka pam’iati» v epokhu media kultury [Historical memory and the politics of memory in a media-cultural epoch] // Visnyk Lvivskoho natsionalnoho universytetu im. I. Franka. Seriia «zhurnalistyka». 2009. Vyp. 32. S. 153–163. [in Ukrainian] Konnerton, 2004 – Konnerton P. Yak suspilstva pam’iataiut [As societies remember] / per. z anhl., nauk. red. Svitlany Shlipchenko. K.: Nika-tsentr. 2004. 184 s. (Seriia «Zmina paradyhmy». Vyp. 7). [in Ukrainian] Konovalenko, 2005 –Konovalenko A.V. Psykholohyia polytycheskoi reklamy [The psychology of political advertising]. Rostov n/D: Fenyks, 2005. (Seryia «Psykholohycheskyi praktykum»). 96 s. [in Russian] Koposov, 2011 – Koposov N.E. Pamiat strohoho rezhyma. Ystoryia y polytyka v Rossyy [Strict mode memory. History and politics in Russia]. M.: Novoe lyteraturnoe obozrenye, 2011. 320 s. [in Russian] Kryvda, 2019 – Kryvda N. Kolektyvna pam’iat yak chynnyk formuvannia hrupovoi identychnosti [Collective memory as a factor in the formation of group identity] // Filosofski obrii. 2019. № 41. S. 60–76. [in Ukrainian] Lotman, 1992 – Lotman Yu. Symvol v systeme kultury [Symbol in the system of culture] // Yzbrannыe staty. Tallynn, 1992. T. 1. S. 191–199. [in Russian] Mainout, 2000 – Mainout K. Anatomiia natsionalizmu [Anatomy of nationalism] // Natsionalizm. Antolohiia. K.: Smoloskyp, 2000. S. 255–256. [in Ukrainian] Malynova, 2017 – Malynova O.Yu. Kommemoratsyia ystorycheskykh sobytyi kak ynstrument symvolycheskoi polytyky: Vozmozhnosty sravnytelnoho analyza [Commemorating Historical Events as a Tool of Symbolic Politics: Possibilities for Comparative Analysis] // Polytyia. 2017. № 4 (87). S. 6-11. [in Russian] Malynova, 2018 – Malynova O.Yu. Kommemoratsyia stoletyia revoliutsyy(i) 1917 hoda v RF: analyz stratehyi kliuchevykh mnemonycheskykh aktorov [Commemoration of the centenary of the revolution (s) of 1917 in the Russian Federation: analysis of the strategies of key mnemonic actors] // Polys. Polytycheskye yssledovanyia. 2018. № 1. S. 9–25. [in Russian] Mehyll, 2007 – Mehyll A. Ystorycheskaia epystemolohyia [Historical epistemology] / Perevod Kukartsevoi M., Kashchaeva V., Tymonyna V. M.: «Kanon+»; ROOY «Reabylytatsyia», 2007. 480 s. [in Russian] Nahorna, 2005 – Nahorna L. Identychnist natsionalna [National identity] // Entsyklopediia istorii Ukrainy: T. 3: E-I / Redkol.: V.A. Smolii (holova) ta in. NAN Ukrainy. Instytut istorii Ukrainy. K.: V-vo «Naukova dumka», 2005. S. 415-417. [in Ukrainian] Nahorna, 2011 – Nahorna L. Sotsiokulturna identychnist: pastky tsinnisnykh rozmezhuvan [Sociocultural identity : traps of value demarcations]. K.: IPiEND NANU, 2011. 272 s. [in Ukrainian] Nechytailo, 2014 – Nechytailo A.A. Natsiietvorennia ta natsionalna pam’iat v epokhu postmodernu ta rozbudovy hlobalnoho informatsiinoho suspilstva [Nation-building and national memory in the postmodern era and the development of the global information society] // Politolohichnyi visnyk. 2014. Vyp. 74. S. 332–340. [in Ukrainian] Nora, 1998 – Nora P. Pokolenye kak mesto pamiaty [Generation as a place of memory] // Novoe lyteraturnoe obozrenye. 1998 № 30. URL:http://magazines.russ.ru/ authors/n/nora/ [in Russian] Nora ta in., 1999 – Nora P., Ozuf M., Zh. De Piuymezh, Vynok M. Frantsyia — pamiat [France — memory]. Spb. : Novaia Peterburhskaia byblyoteka, Yzd. S-Pb. unyversyteta. 1999. 328 s. [in Russian] Nora, 2005 – Nora P. Vsemyrnoe torzhestvo pamiaty [World commemoration] // Neprykosnovennыi zapas. 2005. № 2–3 (40-41). URL: http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2005/2/ ha2.html. [in Russian] Ptashnyk-Serdiuk, 2012 – Ptashnyk-Serdiuk O.I. Sotsiolohichnyi analiz protsesu identyfikatsii [Sociological analysis of the identification process] // Naukovi pratsi. Sotsiolohiia. 2012. Vyp. 189. T. 201. S. 60–64. [in Ukrainian] Renan, 2006 – Renan E. Shcho take natsiia? [What is a nation?] // Natsionalizm: Antolohiia / Uporiad. O. Protsenko, V. Lisovyi. 2-he vyd. K.: Smoloskyp, 2006. S. 107-120. [in Ukrainian] Rykёr, 2004 – Rykёr P. Pamiat, ystoryia, zabvenye [Memory, history, oblivion] / Per. s fr. M.: Yzd-vo humanytarnoi lyt-ry, 2004. 728 s. [in Russian] Romanovskaia, Fomenko, 2015 – Romanovskaia E.V., Fomenko N.L. Ydentychnost y kommemoratsyia [Identity and commemoration] // Vlast. 2015. № 7. S. 81–84. [in Russian] Riuzen ,2010 – Riuzen Y. Novi shliakhy istorychnoho myslennia [New ways of historical thinking] / Pereklav z nim. V. Kam’ianets. Lviv: Litopys, 2010. 358 s. [in Ukrainian] Saveleva, Poletaev, 2004 – Saveleva Y., Poletaev A. Sotsyalnye predstavlenyia o proshlom: typy y mekhanyzmy formyrovanyia [Social views of the past: types and mechanisms of formation] // Humanytarnye yssledovanyia. M.: HU-VShE, 2004. Vyp. 7 (14). 52 s. [in Russian] Savytska, 2014 – Savytsk I.M. Formuvannia natsionalnoi identychnosti cherez pryzmu istorychnoi pamiati [Problems of formation national identity through the prism of historical Memory in modern society] // Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannia Ukrainy, 2014, Vyp. 203, ch. 1. S. 14-20. [in Ukrainian] Smit, 1994 – Smit E. Natsionalna identychnist [National identity] / per. z anhl. P. Tarashchuk. K.: Osnovy, 1994. 196 s. [in Ukrainian] Smit, 2013 – Smit E. Natsii i natsionalizm u hlobalnu epokhu [Nations and nationalism in the global era]. K.: Nika-Tsentr, 2013. 278 s. [in Ukrainian] Smolyna, 2015 – Smolyna N.S. Sovremennыe operatsyy-transformatsyy s kollektyvnoi pamiatiu: sotsyalnыe ramky deistvytelnosty [Modern transformation operations with collective memory: the social framework of reality] // Dni nauky filosofskoho fakultetu – 2014: Mizhn. nauk. konf. (15-16 kvit. 2014 r., Kyiv): [materialy dopovidei ta vystupiv] / redkol.: A.Ye. Konverskyi [ta in.]. K.: Vydavnycho-polihrafichnyi tsentr «Kyivskyi universytet», 2014. Ch. 5. S. 120. [in Russian] Smoliar, 2009 – Smoliar A. Pam’iat ta polityka [Memory and Politics] [per. z polsk] // Ukraina Moderna. Vyp. 4 (15): Pam’iat yak pole zmahan / Hol. red. Ya. Hrytsak K.: Krytyka, 2009. S. 78–94. [in Ukrainian] Stasevska, 2018 – Stasevska O.A. Eksplikatsiia aksiolohichnoho aspektu kontseptu «istorychna pam’iat» [Explication of the axiological aspect of the concept«historical memory»] // Visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu «Iurdychna akademiia Ukrainy imeni Yaroslava Mudroho». 2018. Vyp. 1 (36). S. 123–135. [in Ukrainian] Stepyko, 2011 – Stepyko M.T. Ukrainska identychnist: fenomen i zasady formuvannia [Ukrainian identity: phenomenon and principles of formation]. K.: NISD, 2011. 336 s. [in Ukrainian] Tarasova, 2017 – Tarasova N.Yu. Komemoratyvni zasady natsionalnoi identyfikatsi [Commemorative grounds for national identification] // Aktualni problemy filosofii ta sotsiolohii. 2017. № 20. S. 140–143. [in Ukrainian] Ukraina, 2007 – Ukraina v 2006 rotsi: vnutrishnie i zovnishnie stanovyshche ta perspektyvy rozvytku: ekspertna dopovid [Ukraine in 2006 : internal and external situation and development prospects: expert report.] / red. V.I. Tyshchenko. K. : Slavutych-Delfin, 2007. 256 s. [in Ukrainian] Filosofskyi slovnyk, 2002 – Filosofskyi entsyklopedychnyi slovnyk : эntsyklopedyia [Philosophical Encyclopedic Dictionary] / NAN Ukrainy, In-t filosofii im. H.S. Skovorody ; holov. red. V.I. Shynkaruk. Kyiv : Abrys, 2002. 742 s. [in Ukrainian] Khalbvaks, 2007 – Khalbvaks M. Sotsyalnыe ramky pamiaty [Social framework of memory]. M. : Novoe yzd-vo, 2007. 384 s. [in Russian] Khatton, 2004 – Khatton P. Ystoryia kak yskusstvo pamiaty [History as an art of memory] / per. s anhl. V.Yu. Bystrova. SPb: Vladymyr Dal, 2004. 424 s. [in Russian] Shatska, 2011 – Shatska B. Mynule – pam’iat – mit [Past - memory - myth] / Per. z pol. Oles Herasym, nauk. red. Andrii Pavlyshyn. Chernivtsi: Knyhy. KhKhI, 2011. 248 s. [in Ukrainian] Yak, 2017 – Yak B. Natsyonalyzm y moralnaia psykholohyia soobshchestva [Nationalism and the moral psychology of the community]. M.: Yzd-vo Ynstytuta Haidara, 2017. 520 s. [in Russian] Le Goff J, 1988 – Le Goff J. Histoire et memoire. Paris, Gallimard, 1988. 416 р. [in French] Nora, 1994 – Nora P. Between memory and history: Les lieux de memoire. N.Y., Oxford: Oxford univ. press, 1994. 724 p. [in English] Ross, 2009 – Ross M.H. Culture and Belonging in Divided Societies: Contestation and Symbolic Landscapes. Philadelphia : University of Pennsylvania Press, 2009. 312 p. [in English]

Исследована ассоциация между относительной длиной теломер лейкоцитов (ДТЛ), количеством копий митохондриальной ДНК (ККмтДНК) лейкоцитов и развитием острого коронарного синдрома в 15-летнем наблюдении. Случайная популяционная выборка была исходно обследована в 2003-2005 гг. ( n =9 360, мужчины и женщины 45-69 лет, Новосибирск, проект HAPIEE) и наблюдалась в среднем в течение 15 лет. В настоящем анализе были сформированы группы по дизайну гнездовой случай-контроль; случай - новый (Incident) инфаркт миокарда/острый коронарный синдром (ИМ/ОКС) без предшествующей истории сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ) - ИМ, ОКС, инсульт ( n =256), и стратифицированная по полу и возрасту контрольная группа без предшествующей истории ССЗ, рака и без фатальных исходов на период окончания наблюдения ( n =799). С помощью количественной ПЦР в реальном времени был выполнен анализ относительной ДТЛ и ККмтДНК. Носители коротких теломер имели повышенный риск развития ИМ/ОКС в течение последующих 15 лет (ОР=1,87; 95 % ДИ 1,70-2,06) на каждый дециль ДТЛ независимо от других факторов. Меньшее ККмтДНК ассоциировалось с риском развития ИМ/ОКС (ОР=1,19; 95 % ДИ 1,12-1,26) на каждый дециль ККмтДНК независимо от других факторов. Выявленные ассоциации подтверждены в терцильном и пошаговом анализе с непрерывными переменными для обоих биомаркеров. Связи сохранялись после поправки на пол, возраст и традиционные факторы риска ССЗ. ДТЛ и ККмтДНК являются независимыми прогностическими факторами 15-летнего риска развития ИМ/ОКС в сибирской (европеоидной) популяционной когорте среднего и пожилого возраста. Эти данные подчеркивают необходимость дальнейших исследований для выяснения механизмов, через которые ДТЛ и ККмтДНК могут влиять на здоровье человека. We studied the relationship between the leucocyte telomere length (LTL) and the copy number of mitochondrial DNA (CNmtDNA) and the development of acute coronary syndrome during 15 years of follow-up. A random population sample was examined at baseline in 2003-2005 ( n =9 360, men and women 45-69 years old, Novosibirsk, the HAPIEE project) and followed-up for 15 years. In the frame of nested case-control design, we selected cases - incident myocardial infarction/acute coronary syndrome (MI/ACS) among those free from baseline CVD ( n =256) and sex- and age-stratified control among those free from baseline CVD and cancer and alive by the end of follow-up ( n =799). The relative LTL and CNmtDNA were assessed using quantitative real-time PCR. Results. The carriers of shorter telomeres had increased 15-year risk of MI/ACS with adjusted OR=1,87 (95 % CI 1,70-2,06) per 1 LTL decile independent of other factors. Fewer CNmtDNA was associated with increased risk of MI/ACS with adjusted OR=1,19 (95 % CI 1,12-1,26) per 1 CNmtDNA decile. The identified associations were confirmed in tertile analysis and in stepwise analysis with continuous variables of both biomarkers. All associations persisted after adjusting for gender, age, and traditional CVD risk factors. Conclusion. The LTL and CNmtDNA were independent predictors of the 15- year risk of MI/ACS in the middle- and elderly Siberian (Caucasoid) population cohort. These findings highlight the need for further research to elucidate the mechanisms by which LTL and mtDNA copy number may affect human health.

Abstract Objective To determine the association between OA and risk of hospitalization for ambulatory care-sensitive conditions (HACSCs). Methods We included all individuals aged 40–85 years who resided in Skåne, Sweden on 31 December 2005 with at least one healthcare consultation during 1998–2005 (n = 515 256). We identified those with a main diagnosis of OA between 1 January 1998 and 31 December 2016. People were followed from 1 January 2006 until an HACSC, death, relocation outside Skåne, or 31 December 2016 (whichever occurred first). OA status was treated as a time-varying covariate (those diagnosed before 1 January 2006 considered as exposed for whole study period). We assessed relative [hazard ratios (HRs) using Cox proportional hazard model] and absolute (hazard difference using additive hazard model) effects of OA on HACSCs adjusted for potential confounders. Results Crude incidence rates of HACSCs were 239 (95% CI: 235, 242) and 151 (150, 152) per 10 000 person-years among OA and non-OA persons, respectively. The OA persons had an increased risk of HACSCs [HR (95% CI) 1.11 (1.09, 1.13)] and its subcategories of medical conditions except chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [HR (95% CI) 0.86 (0.81, 0.90)]. There were 20 (95% CI: 16, 24) more HACSCs per 10 000 person-years in OA compared with non-OA persons. While HRs for knee and hip OA were generally comparable, only knee OA was associated with increased risk of hospitalization for diabetes. Conclusion OA is associated with an increased risk of HACSCs, highlighting the urgent need to improve outpatient care for OA patients.

e18119 Background: We investigated prognostic significance of genetic variants identified by genome-wide association study (GWAS) for the patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Among the patients included in our previous GWAS paper for lung cancer risk, we selected 348 patients with stage IV NSCLC, who had started chemotherapy in May 2002 through December 2005 at the National Cancer Center Hospital, and had the follow-up data available. After applying quality control criteria, the association of 271,817 genotyped SNPs with overall survival was analyzed by the Cox proportional hazard regression model adjusted with known prognostic factors using the bootstrap resampling procedure. Results: Overall, the median age of patients was 56 years, 64.9% were female, 67.2% were never smokers, and 80.4% had adenocarcinoma; 73.0% received platinum-based chemotherapy and 73.6 % received EGFR-TKIs. The median survival time (MST) for all patients was 25 months. A total of 23 SNPs with MAF of >0.05 were selected using a cut-off minimum p-value of <5x10-5 (either in additive or dominant models) in at least 70% of a thousand bootstrap samples. Those SNPs were known to be located in the genomic coding region of the FAM154A, EGF, NCOA2, CDH8, ANKS1A, DLST, VGCNL1, SLC35D2, and THSD7B. Carrying a variant genotype of rs1571228 SNP located on the FAM154A, for example, was significantly associated with better overall survival with MST of 29.6 months for those with AG/GG (n=144/30) genotypes vs. 21.5 months for those with AA (n=173) genotype under the dominant model (hazard ratio of 0.52 [95% CI, 0.42-0.67], p = 2.03 x 10-7). This association remained consistent in a subgroup of patients who received platinum-based chemotherapy (n= 254, p = 1.69 x 10-6) or EGFR-TKIs (n = 256, p = 9.04 x 10-6). Conclusions: Genetic variants at multiple loci were found to be prognostically important for patients with advanced NSCLC, which warrants further investigation into its biological relevance and clinical implication.

Abstract Background: At ASH 2004 and 2005, we reported < 20% rates of from accelerated approval (AA) to regular approval (RA) for drugs used to treat hematologic malignancies (HMs). The FDA convened Oncologic Drug Advisory Committee (ODAC) meetings with sponsors of these drugs in 2003 and 2005 outlining recommendations for completion of subpart H trials. Congressmen Markey and Hinchey have raised concern over low rates of completion of subpart H studies for all AA drugs. The Research on Adverse Drug Events and Reports (RADAR) project reviewed the current status of subpart H commitments for all cancer drugs that received AA prior to 2005. Methods: NDAs and supplements for new uses from the FDA, package inserts, and literature reviews were reviewed. Results: Of 19 cancer drugs receiving AA prior to 2005, conversion to RA has occurred for 2 of 9 drugs for HMs and 8 of 11 drugs for solid tumors (STs) (22% vs 73%, p<0.05). Subpart H studies have been ongoing for a median of 5 years for AA drugs for HMs; however, for ST drugs, these studies were completed in a median of 2.5 years. Of 7 subpart H studies reviewed at the 2005 ODAC meeting on AA, subpart H evaluations continue for all 4 for HMs versus 1 of 3 for STs. HMs are characterized by lower rates of target populations, most having > 25,000 newly diagnosed patients annually (25% vs 78%). Recruitment targets are smaller for AA studies for HMs (median, 82 vs 295 patients) and subpart H studies (median, 295 vs 535). Conclusions: Rates of conversion from AA to RA remain poor for drugs for hematologic malignancies but not for solid tumors drugs. In spite of ODAC meetings and two congressional inquiries, little progress ahs been made towards completing these trials. RADAR continues to urge policy makers to modify the AA process for drugs used to treat hematologic malignancies. Hematologic malignancy drugs receiving AA prior to 2005 and current status of subpart studies Drug AA Indication Pts in AA trial design AA year Target # of pts in Subpart H study RA Year Imatinib mesylate CML 1027 2001 1027 2003 Bortezomib MM 202 2003 669 2005 Denileukin difitox* CTCL** 71 1999 195 Pending Liposomal cytarabine* Lymphomatous meningitis** 33 1999 195 Pending Gemtuzumab ozogamicin* AML** 142 2000 342 Pending Alemtuzumab* B-Cell Chronic lymphocytic leukemia** 93 2001 197 Pending Ibritumomab tiuxetan Certain NHLs ** 230 2002 293 Pending Imatinib mesylate CML (pedatrics)** 39 2003 35 Pending Tositumomab Certain NHLs** 60 2003 N/A Pending Solid tumor cancer drugs receiving AA prior to 2005 and current status of subpart studies Drug AA Indication Pts in AA trial design AA year Target # of pts in Subpart H study RA year * Recommendations for completing trials were made at recent ODAC meetings ** Indications with >25,000 new diagnosis annually Irinotecan Colorectal 304 1996 535 1998 Docetaxel Breast 134 1996 326 1998 Capecitabine Breast 163 1998 511 2001 Temozolomide Brain 162 1999 573 2005 Liposomal Doxorubicin* Ovarian 85 1999 474 2005 Oxaliplatin Colorectal 463 2002 795 2004 Anastrozole Breast 9366 2002 6196 2005 Gefitinib Lung 221 2003 1700 2005 Liposomal Doxorubicin* Kaposi’s sarcoma** 77 1995 250 Pending Amifostine Non-small cell lung** 25 1996 366 Withdrawn Imatinib mesylate GI stromal tumors** 147 2002 946 Pending

Barley leaf rust, caused by Puccinia hordei Otth., has been problematic in United States barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) production in the Mid-Atlantic coast region and California. During the early 1990s, P. hordei pathotypes with virulence to resistance gene Rph7 caused average yield losses from 6 to 16% (3). ‘Doyce’ barley was released in 2003 and was described as being resistant to leaf rust (2). Initially in April 2010 and subsequently in spring 2011 and 2012, high severities and infection responses were observed on experimental plots of ‘Doyce’ in Warsaw and Blacksburg, Virginia. Three single uredinial isolates of P. hordei were derived from collections made from ‘Doyce’ barley. The isolates were characterized for virulence to barley leaf rust resistance genes by inoculating at least two replicates of a barley leaf rust differential set including 12 Rph genes (1). Previous methods used for inoculation, incubation, and pathotyping were followed (1). Infection types were scored on a 0 to 4 scale where 2 and below indicated resistance and 3 and above indicated susceptibility (4). The three isolates collected from Doyce barley displayed large pustules with infection types 3,3+ to cultivars Estate (Rph3) and Cebada Capa (Rph7). Avirulent isolates of P. hordei displayed infection types 0; to 0;1c to Estate and ;n to 0;1n to Cebada Capa (1). The data indicated that all three isolates were virulent to both barley leaf rust resistance genes Rph3 and Rph7. Though combined Rph3 and Rph7 virulence has been reported in the Mediterranean region, this is the first report of Rph3 virulence in North America. These isolates of P. hordei are virulent to important sources of resistance to barley leaf rust and threaten barley production in environments conducive for disease development in North America. References: (1) W. S. Brooks et al. Phytopathology 90:1131, 2000. (2) W. S. Brooks et al. Crop Sci. 45:792, 2005. (3) C. A. Griffey et al. Plant Dis. 78:256, 1994. (4) M. N. Levine and W. J. Cherewick. U.S. Dept. Agric. Tech. Bull. 1056, 1952.

У семантиці багатьох прикметників – слів, що характеризують різні властивості предметів, значне місце належить ознакам, які людина отримує через органи сприйняття. У психолінгвістичному дослідженні, проведеному з носіями російської мови, була виявлена значна група іменників (більше ніж 7,6 тисяч одиниць), які безпосередньо пов’язані з тим чи тим відчуттям (слухом, зором, нюхом, смаком чи дотиком). Серед них близько 100 прикметників, на думку опитаних, називають такі ознаки, які мовці сприймають на дотик (температурні параметри предметів, фактура їхньої поверхні, консистенція, наявність чи відсутність вологи тощо). Мета нашого дослідження полягає у виявленні кореляцій між даними, які було отримано в психолінгвістичному експерименті, та лексикографічному описі відповідних прикметників, здійсненому традиційними лінгвістичними прийомами. Ми залучали інформацію переважно із різних словників російської мови, доповнюючи її даними із лексикографічних джерел англійської, української, польської та італійської мов. Докладно обстежено тлумачення прикметників двох груп: з семантикою температури та семантикою фактури поверхні. Загальний висновок полягає в тому, що лексикографи здебільшого ігнорують згадку про канал перцептивної інформації, часто використовуючи в тлумаченнях синоніми чи внутрішні відсилки. Це робить лексикографічний опис прикметників малоінформативним, не відбиває психолінгвальної реальності, не дає уявлення про ту значну роль, яка належить перцептивному компоненту в семантичному навантаженні прикметників. Література References Величковский Б. М., Зинченко В. П., Лурия А. Р. Психология восприятия. Москва: Из-во МГУ, 1973. Кузнецов А.М. Некоторые теоретические проблемы семантики последних десятилетий // Лингвистические исследования в конце ХХ века: Сб. обзоров. Москва, 2000. С. 173–185.Колбенева М. Г., Александров Ю. И. Органы чувств, эмоции и прилагательные русского языка: Лингво-психологический словарь. Москва: Языки славянских культур, 2010. Лаенко Л. В. Перцептивный признак как объект номинации. Воронеж : Воронеж. гос. ун-т, 2005. Селиверстова О. Н. Роль информантов в процессе семантических исследований // Психолингвистические проблемы семантики / Отв. ред. А. А. Леонтьев и А. М. Шах­нарович. Москва: Наука, 1983. С. 256-267. References (translated and transliterated) Velichkovskiy, B. M., Zinchenko, V. P., Luriya, A. R. (1973). Psihologiya Vospriyatiya [Psychology of Perception]. Moscow: Moscow State University. Kolbeneva, M. G., Aleksandrov, Yu. I. (2010). Organy chuvstv, emocii i prilagatelnye russkogo yazyka: Lingvo-Psihologicheskij Slovar [Organs of Senses, Emotions and Adjectives of the Russian Language]. Moscow: Yazyki slavyanskih kultur. Kuznecov, A.M. (2000). Nekotorye teoreticheskie problemy semantiki poslednih desyatiletiy [Some theoretical problems of semantics of recent decades]. Lingvisticheskie Issledovaniya v Kontse ХХ Veka. Moscow, 173-185. Layenko, L. V. (2005). Perceptivny Priznak kak Obyekt Nominatsii [Perception Feature as an Object of Nomination]. Voronezh: Voronezh State University. Seliverstova, O. N. (1983). Rol’ informantov v processe semanticheskikh issledovanij [The informants’ role in the process of semantic study]. In: Psiholingvisticheskiye Problemy Semantiki, (pp. 256-267). A. A. Leontyev, A. M. Shahnarovich, (Eds.). Moscow: Nauka Джерела АСРЯ – Активный словарь русского языка. Отв. ред. акад. Ю. Д. Апресян. М.: Языки славянской культуры. Т. 1, 2014. Т. 2, 2014. БАС – Словарь современного русского литературного языка в 17 т. М. – Л.: Из-во АН СССР, 1950-1967. Дм. – Толковый словарь русского языка под ред. Д. Дмитриева. М.: Астрель. 2003. Ефр. – Ефремова Т.Ф. Новый словарь русского языка: Толково-словообразовательный. М.: Русский язык, 2000. Т. 1: А-О., Т. 2: П-Я. Режим доступа: http://efremova-online.ru/ МАС – Словарь русского языка. В 4-х томах / Под ред. А.П. Евгеньевой. М. : Русский язык, 1985-1988. САР – Словарь Академии Российской, по азбучному порядку расположенный. В 6-и частях. СПб., 1806-1822. СУМ – Словник української мови : в 11-ти т. К. : Наукова думка, 1970-1980. ОШ – Ожегов С. И., Шведова Н. Ю. Толковый словарь русского языка: 4-е изд., дополн. М.: ООО «А Темп», 2006. Collins – The Collins English Dictionary. Retrieved from http://www.collinsdictionary.com Dorosz. – Słownik języka polskiego pod red. W. Doroszewskiego. Retrieved from: http://sjp.pwn.pl/doroszewski/lista Hornby – Hornby A. S. The Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English. V. 1, 2. М.: Рус. язык, 1982. Longman – The Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. Retrieved from https://www.ldoceonline.com/ Zing – Zingarelli, Nicola. Vocabolario della lingua italiana: decima edicione. Bologna, 1973. Sources Slovar sovremennogo russkogo literaturnogo yazyka v 17 t. (1950—1967) M. L.: Iz-vo AN SSSR,Aktivnyj slovar russkogo yazyka. (2014). Yu. D. Apresyan, Ed. Moscow: Yazyki slavyanskoj kultury. V. 1, V. 2. Tolkovyj slovar russkogo yazyka. (2003). D. Dmitriev, Ed. Moscow: Astrel. Efremova T.F. (2000). Novyj slovar russkogo yazyka: Tolkovo-slovoobrazovatelnyj. Moscow: Russkiy Yazyk, 2000. T. 1: A-O. T. 2: P-Ya Slovar russkogo yazyka. (1985-1988). V 4-h tomah. A.P. Evgeneva, Ed. Moscow: Russkij Yazyk. Slovar Akademii Rossijskoj, po azbuchnomu poryadku raspolozhennyj. (1806—1822). 6 Vo­lumes. S.-Petersburg. Slovnyk ukrayinskoyi movy (1970-1980). 11 Volumes. Kyiv: Naukova Dumka. Ozhegov S. I., Shvedova N. Yu. (2006). Tolkovyj slovar russkogo yazyka: 4-e izd., dopoln. Moscow: A Temp Ltd. Collins – The Collins English Dictionary. Retrieved from: http://www.collinsdictionary.com Dorosz. – Słownik języka polskiego pod red. W. Doroszewskiego. Retrieved from: http://sjp.pwn.pl/doroszewski/lista Hornby — Hornby A. S. (1982). The Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English. V. 1, 2. Moscow: Rysskiy Yazyk. Longman – The Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. Retrieved from: https://www.ldoceonline.com/ Zing – Zingarelli, N. (1973). Vocabolario della lingua italiana: decima edicione. Bologna.

Abstract Introduction: There have been minimal therapeutic advancements in the management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) over the past 3 decades. Although approximately 70% of younger AML patients will achieve a complete remission (CR) with standard induction chemotherapy regimens, overall outcomes are dismal. It is unclear why drug development has been particularly hindered in AML when compared to other hematologic malignancies and cancers. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 65 phase 1 clinical trials supported by the Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (CTEP) of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) from 1984-2009. A total of 711 adult AML patients were enrolled in these studies. The primary objectives were to assess overall response rates ([ORR]: CR + partial remission) and treatment-related mortality (all causes of 60-day mortality) over time. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were summarized by study date, grouped as: 1) 1984-1990, 2) 1991-1995, 3) 1996-2000, 4) 2001-2005, 5) 2006-2009. Two multivariable logistic regression modeling approaches were used to estimate the ORR and treatment-related mortality rates with A) a comparison of subgroups with 1984-1990 as the reference group, and B) time as a continuous variable. Results: The number of AML patients enrolling on phase 1 clinical trials increased substantially over time (1984-1990: n=61, 2006-2009: n=256). The clinical characteristics resembled a high-risk, relapsed/refractory patient population: median age = 60 years, median # of prior therapies = 4 (63% had ≥3 prior therapies), and median white blood cell count = 3,600/mm3. The proportion of patients ≥60 years increased from the earliest subgroup (1984-1990: 18%) to the most recent (2006-2009: 64%). Additionally, there was a relative increase in the proportion of patients without any prior therapies over time from 1984-1990 (13%) to 2006-2009 (24%). Figure 1 demonstrates the ORR and treatment-related mortality for each subgroup. The ORR for the entire cohort was 15%. ORR was significantly improved in the most recent subgroup (2006-2009: ORR=23%) when compared with the earliest subgroup (1984-1990: ORR=9%), p=0.05. Additionally, there was a small but significant improvement in ORR and 60-day mortality rates with each increasing year, odds ratio (OR)=1.04, p=0.03, OR=0.96, p=0.008, respectively. Discussion: Our analysis of CTEP-sponsored phase 1 clinical trials demonstrates a relative upsurge of AML patients being enrolled in phase 1 studies over the last 26 years. ORRs and 60-day mortality rates appear to be modestly improving over time, which may be due to the relative increase of treatment-naïve patients enrolling in phase 1 studies. To our knowledge, this is the largest compilation of phase 1 clinical trials reported for AML. Continued enrollment of AML patients on early-phase clinical trials at all stages of disease, including those with newly diagnosed AML with poor-risk features, is vital for drug development and improvement in therapeutic outcomes. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Soft bottom macrofauna of an All Taxa Biodiversity Site: Hornsund (77○N, Svalbard) Hornsund, an Arctic fjord in the west coast of Spitsbergen (Svalbard), was selected as All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory (ATBI) site under EU 5th Framework Concerted Action BIOMARE (2000-2002), especially due to its pristine, undisturbed natural character. On the base of large material (89 stations located throughout the fjord and 129 Van Veen grab samples) collected during cruises of RV Oceania in July in 2002, 2003, 2005 and 2007 and literature search a comprehensive list of species recorded within Hornsund area, on the soft bottom with depth range of 30-250 m is provided. Over 220 species were identified including 93 species of Polychaeta, 62 species of Mollusca and 58 species of Crustacea. Species list is supported by information on the zoogeographical status, body length and biological traits of dominant species. Need for further research on Hornsund soft bottom fauna with more sampling effort is highlighted.

This study was performed to evaluate effects of no-till (NT) and standard tillage (ST) on POM in two 15-ha neighboring fields from 2003 to 2004. We also evaluated the effects of minimum tillage (MT) on POM after both NT and ST fields were converted to MT in the summer of 2005. We quantified C and N stocks of three size fractions (53–250, 250–1000, and 1000–2000 μm) of POM (0–0.15 m depth). The POM-C 53–250 μmand 250–1000 μmfractions decreased by 25% and 36% after six months under ST, whereas relatively little change occurred under NT, suggesting significant tillage effects over the period 2003-2004. Only small changes in POM content then occurred under MT on both fields. Changes in POM-N were similar to POM-C changes upon tillage conversions. This suggests that reduced tillage did not lead to soil C increase compared to ST but may help maintain the level of soil C for a typical California farming system. Short-term, field level variability of POM was primarily affected by tillage and was further influenced by clay content, bulk density, and scale of observation.

We resurveyed a network of sampling plots (n = 371) 10 years after its establishment in Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (New Hampshire, USA) to quantify recent trends in tree biomass and demography. We found no significant change in live-tree biomass during the decade. Total biomass was 246 Mg·ha–1 (95%CI = 235–258) in 1995–1996 and 245 Mg·ha–1 (95%CI = 234–256) in 2005–2006. Annual mortality during the period for trees ≥ 10 cm diameter at breast height (1.37 m) averaged 9.7 trees·ha–1·year–1 (95% CI of annual mortality rate = 1.36%–1.84%·year–1). Tree recruitment into the census pool was 8.4 trees⋅ha–1·year–1 (95% CI = 5.8–10.6). Although overall forest biomass remained constant, there were marked shifts in the relative dominance of the canopy species. For example, the live biomass of Betula alleghaniensis Britton declined by 7%, whereas the live biomass of Picea rubens Sarg. increased by 6% and that of Acer saccharum Marshall increased by 4%. There was no instance of recruitment significantly exceeding mortality for the major species. Relative growth rates ranged from 1.03%·year–1 for Betula papyrifera Marshall to 1.99%·year–1 for Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. Our results confirmed earlier reports that the forest at Hubbard Brook is no longer aggrading. Current live-tree biomass is lower than expected. Although effects of novel disturbances documented on a regional level have not led to directional changes in tree demography at Hubbard Brook, we suggest that these novel stressors are depressing the biomass potential of the forest.

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese. It is a general position that imagery plays a cognitive behavioral role in enhancing the performance of sport skills as noted in Short and Short (2005), the use of imagery is also more equally significant in exercise activities and can bring to fruition the performance of an individual exerciser because of its unique motivational function. Research studies has been conducted examining imagery use by different categories of participants related to sport and exercise in the developed world, there have been dearth of literature on imagery use on similar participants in the developing countries, hence the purpose of this study. Participants (482) male and female students were recruited from universities of Nigeria (mean age 24.0 ±SD4.7; male, n=256) and (mean age 23.0±SD5.2, female, n=226). A demographic questionnaire and the Exercise Imagery Questionnaire (EIQ) Hausenblas et. al (1999) were used for data collection. Results indicated that no significant difference (p>0.5) was found on the three imagery functions by sex. But significant difference (p<0.5) was located on the appearance imagery function based on the criterion independent variables of three exercise activity groups of the exercise participants. 本研究旨在探討表象訓練對尼日利亞大學生運動行為的改變，共邀請了482名大學生進行比較分析，結果顯示沒有明顯的運動行為改變。

RESUMEN:En este artículo, procedemos a estudiar el traspaso familiar del oficio manufacturero,concretamente el de la platería, a través de tres generaciones de la familia Gálvez a lo largo de la centuria dieciochesca. Para ello, hemos esbozado la situación actual de la historia de la familia con respecto a su interés sobre los sectores artesanales para posteriormente adentrarnos, tras unos datos concretos del linaje, en los talleres y su evolución de forma conjunta con las trayectorias vitales de los individuos, haciendo hincapié en la importancia de las relaciones entre los consanguíneos para el progreso laboral.PALABRAS CLAVE: Antequera, siglos XVIII, familia, artesanos, platerosABSTRACT:In this paper, I study the family transfer of the manufacturing trade, specifically that of silversmiths, through three generations of the Gálvez family throughout the 18th century. To this end, I have outlined the current situation of the family’s history of the family with respect to their interest in the artisanal sectors to then consider, after some specific data regarding lineage, the workshops and their evolution together with the lives of the individuals concerned, emphasizing the importance of family to professional and economic progress.KEY WORDS: Antequera, 18th century, family, artisans, silversmiths BIBLIOGRAFÍAAlexandre, C. y Ruggiu, F. J., “La circulación de los oficios en Charleville. Familia y trabajo en los siglos XVIII y XIX”, Revista de Historia Moderna, 34 (2016), pp. 239-256.Barroso Vázquez, M. D., “Los plateros portuenses: análisis de su organización corporativa”, Revista de Historia de El Puerto, 4 (1990), pp. 55-66.Benavides Murillo, C., “Reflexiones sobre la formación y función social de los artesanos de Cartago en el siglo XVIII”, Revista Estudios, 18-19 (2004-2005), pp. 15-28.Birriel Salcedo, M., “El cónyuge supérstite en el derecho hispano”, Chronica Nova, 34 (2008), pp. 13-44.Burgos Rincón, J., “Gremio, familia artesana y propiedad. Libreros e impresores en la Barcelona del siglo XVIII”, en Familia, casa y trabajo, Murcia, Universidad, 1997, pp. 423-444.Chacón Jiménez, F. y Ferrer i Alós, L. “Más allá de la familia”, Familia, casa y trabajo, Murcia, Universidad, 1997, pp. 13-16.Chacón Jiménez, F., “Familia, casa y hogar. Una aproximación a la definición y realidad de la organización social española (siglos XVIII-XIX)”, Espacios sociales, universos familiares. La familia en la historiografía española, Murcia, Universidad, 2007, pp. 51-68.Colón de Larraeátegui, J., Tiempos de reforma ilustrada. Informe sobre los gremios de Valladolid, Valladolid, Ayuntamiento, 2008 (ed. L. Amigo Vázquez, M. García Fernández y R. Hernández García).Cruz Valdovinos, J. M. y Nieva Soto, P., “Los Morenos, una familia de plateros madrileña en el Antiguo Régimen”, Anales del Instituto de Estudios Madrileños, 44 (2004), pp. 331-358.Cruz Valdovinos, J. M., Catálogo de platería, Madrid, Ministerio de Cultura, 1982.Cruz Valdovinos, J. M., Los plateros madrileños: estudio histórico-jurídico de su Organización Corporativa, Tomo I, Madrid, Gremio de Joyeros y Plateros de Madrid, 1993.Diego Velasco, T. de, Los gremios granadinos a través de sus ordenanzas, Madrid, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 1986.Domínguez Ortiz, A., Sociedad y estado en el siglo XVIII español, Barcelona, Ariel, 1976.Fernández Guirao, F. J., “Los Laborda, una familia de plateros entre los siglos XVIII-XIX”, CLAVIS, 9 (2016), pp. 77-102.Fernández Pérez, P. y Sola-Corbacho, J. C., “Familia y comerciantes en la España del Antiguo Régimen”, en Espacios sociales, universos familiares. La familia en la historiografía española, Murcia, Universidad de Murcia, 2007, pp. 177-191.Frey, D. A., “Industrious Households: servival strategies of artisans in a Sothwest German town during the eighteenth an early nineteenth centuries”, International Review of Social History, 45 (2000), pp. 115-135.García Abellán, J., Organización de los gremios en la Murcia del siglo XVIII y recopilación de ordenanzas, Murcia, Academia Alfonso X el Sabio, 1976.García González, F. y Crespo Sánchez, F. J., “Radiografía de un impulso compartido. La historia de la familia en España e Iberoamérica (2000-2015)”, en Familias en el Viejo y el Nuevo Mundo, La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 2017, pp. 44-78.García González, F., “Las estructuras familiares y su relación con los recursos humanos y económicos”, en Familias. Historia de la sociedad española (del final de la Edad Media a nuestros días), Madrid, Cátedra, 2011, pp. 159-254.García González, F., “Vejez, viudedad y soledad rural. Viudas, hogares y prácticas familiares en la España centro-meridional del siglo XVIII”, Studia historica. Historia moderna, vol. 38, 2 (2016), pp. 287-324.García González, F., Las estrategias de la diferencia. Familia y reproducción social en la Sierra (Alcaraz, siglo XVIII), Madrid, Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación, 2000.González Barrero, N., “Los maestros de primeras letras en la provincia de Madrid a través del Catastro de Ensenada”, Historia y Memoria de la Educación, 3 (2016), pp. 197-228.González Enciso, A., “los gremios y el crecimiento económico”, Memoria y Civilización, 1 (1998), pp. 111-137.Guerra Guerra, A., “Profesionales, obreros y artesanos de Badajoz en 1750: sus ganancias y emolumentos según el Catastro de Ensenada”, Revista de estudio extremeños, vol. 27, 3 (1971), pp. 561-582.Gutiérrez Nieto, F. J. y Ybañez Worboys, P., “El llamamiento a la nobleza de las «dos Andalucías» de 1706”, Revista de Historia Moderna, 25 (2007), pp. 53-87.Hernández Benítez, M., A la sombra de la Corona. Poder local y oligarquía urbana (Madrid, 1606-1808), Madrid, Siglo XXI, 1995.Hernández Franco, J. y Molina Puche, S., “La sangre de la familia y su proceso socioinstitucional. Siglos XVI-XVII” en Familias. Historia de la sociedad española (del final de la Edad Media a nuestros días), Madrid, Cátedra, 2011, pp. 113-156.Hernández García, R., “Gremios y corporaciones laborales. Debate historiográficos y estado de la cuestión”, Areas, (34 (2015), pp. 7-18.Hernández López, C., “Trabajo y curso de vida. Los artesanos de Albacete (1636-1792)”, en Escenarios de familia: trayectorias, estrategias y pautas culturales, siglo XVI-XX, Murcia, Universidad, 2017, pp. 257-269.Herraéz Ortega, M. V., “Los Bello, platero de Sahagún, y las cruces procesionales de Vallecillo y Joarilla de las Matas (León)”, en Estudios de Platería: San Eloy, Murcia, Universidad, 2002, pp. 183-194.Irigoyen López, A. “Un obispado para la familia: Francisco Verdín Molina, prelado de Guadalajara y Valladolid en la segunda mitad del siglo XVII”, Historia mexicana, vol. 58, 2 (2008), pp. 557-594.Irigoyen López, A., “Bajo el manto de la Iglesia. Clero y familia en España durante la Edad Moderna”, en Espacios sociales, universos familiares. La familia en la historiografía española, Murcia, Universidad de Murcia, 2007, pp. 245-269.Llordén, A., “Noticas históricas de los maestros plateros antequeranos, siglos XVIII-XIX”, Jábega, (8 (1974), pp. 81-92.Mallo, J., “Emociones, honra y familia. Comerciantes españoles a finales del siglo XVIII”, en Familias en el Viejo y el Nuevo Mundo, La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 2017, pp. 367-385.Marchant Rivera, A., “El prohijamiento, la tutela y la carta de aprendiz: instrumentos para una historia de la situación del menor en Málaga durante la primera mitad del siglo XVI”, en Población y grupos sociales en el Antiguo Régimen, vol. 2, Málaga, Área de Historia Moderna de la Universidad de Málaga, 2009, pp. 943-956.Miralles Martínez, P., Seda, trabajo y sociedad en la Murcia del siglo XVII, Murcia, Universidad, 2000.Moral Roncal, A. M. Gremios e Ilustración en Madrid, (1775-1836), Madrid, Actas, 1998.Moral Roncal, A. M., “Honor, vileza y honra de los oficios mecánicos en el siglo XVIII”, Baetica, 18 (1996), pp.Morgado García, A. J., “El ciclo vital de los esclavos en el Cádiz de la modernidad”, Revista de historia moderna: Anales de la Universidad de Alicante, 34 (2016), pp. 297-315.Morgado García, A. J., “La vida familiar de los esclavos en el Cádiz de la modernidad (1600-1750)”, Trocadero: revista de historia moderna y contemporánea, 24 (2012), pp. 67-81.Narotzky, S., “La renta del afecto: ideología y reproducción en el cuidado de los viejos”, en Antropología de los pueblos de España, Madrid, Taurus, 1991, pp. 464-474.Nieto Sánchez, J. A. y Zofío Llorente, J. C., “Los gremios de Madrid durante la Edad Moderna: una revisión”, Áreas, 34 (2015), pp. 47-61.Nieto Sánchez, J. A., Artesanos y mercaderes: una historia social y económica de Madrid, 1450-1850, Madrid, Fundamentos, 2006.Ortega López, M., “Las edades de las mujeres”, en Historia de las mujeres en España y América Latina, vol. 2, Madrid, Cátedra, 2005, pp. 317-350.Pérez Samper, M. A., “Espacios y prácticas de sociabilidad en el siglo XVIII: tertulias, refrescos y cafés de Barcelona”, Cuadernos de Historia Moderna, 26 (2001), pp. 11-55.Sánchez-Lafuente Gémar, R., “El Colegio-Congregación de plateros de Antequera (1782-1833)”, Boletín de Arte, 12 (1991), pp. 317-336.Sánchez-Lafuente Gémar, R., “La platería de Málaga en el siglo XVIII”, en Estudios de Platería: San Eloy, Murcia, Universidad, 2001, pp. 241-256.Sánchez-Lafuente Gémar, R., El Arte de Platería en Málaga, 1550-1800, Málaga, Universidad, 1997.Zofío Llorente, J. C., Gremios y artesanos en Madrid, 1550-1650: la sociedad del trabajo en una ciudad cortesana preindustrial, Madrid, Instituto de Estudio Madrileños, 2005.

Abstract Crawford, R. J. M., Dundee, B. L., Dyer, B. M., Klages, N. T., Meÿer, M. A., and Upfold, L. 2007. Trends in numbers of Cape gannets (Morus capensis), 1956/57–2005/06, with a consideration of the influence of food and other factors – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64, 169–177. Cape gannets (Morus capensis) breed at six colonies in Namibia and South Africa. Population size averaged about 250 000 pairs over the period 1956/1957–1968/1969 and about 150 000 pairs from 1978/1979 to 2005/2006. Over the whole 50-y period, numbers at the three Namibian colonies fell by 85–98%, with greater proportional decreases in the south. There were increases at two South African colonies between 1956/1957 and 2005/2006. The colony at Lambert's Bay increased between 1956/1957 and 2003/2004, but attacks by Cape fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus) on birds at nests caused abandonment of the entire colony in 2005/2006. Long-term changes at colonies are thought to be largely attributable to an altered abundance and distribution of prey, especially sardine (Sardinops sagax) and anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus). In both Namibia and South Africa, the numbers of Cape gannets breeding were significantly related to the biomass of epipelagic fish prey. Over the 50-y period, there was also a marked similarity in the proportions of gannets and epipelagic fish in the Benguela system, which were present in Namibia and South Africa. In the 2000s, there was an eastward shift in the distribution of sardine off South Africa and a large increase in the number of gannets breeding at South Africa's easternmost colony. When sardine were scarce off South Africa, gannets fed on anchovy, but off Namibia anchovy only temporarily and partially replaced sardine. Ecosystem management measures that might improve the conservation status of Cape gannets are considered.

Values education is an accepted field of study in the world today. The cultural ties that values education has due to its nature are also reflected in the studies carried out. Based on the necessity of determining the trend of values education studies in the world, this research aims to bring a bibliometric view to the field. For this purpose, 256 articles indexed in Web of Science from 2005 to 2021 were analyzed. As a result of the analysis, the distribution of the articles by years and journals, the prominent articles, authors, institutions, and the links between them were mapped. It has been observed that the journal "Educational Sciences in Theory and Practice" stands out in terms of the number of documents in the journals, and the journal "Teaching and Teacher Education" ranks first in terms of the number of citations it receives. The most influential authors are Thornberg, R., Lovat, T., and Clement, N. Among the countries, it has been determined that Australia ranks first in terms of both the number of documents and the number of citations it receives. The expression “values education” is the most preferred keyword. It was followed by the words “values” and “moral education”. It has been observed that the cooperation networks between the authors, institutions and countries are weak. Keywords: values education, bibliometric analysis, Web of Science, Voswiever.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo verificar se há variação na compreensão de textos acadêmicos que integram mais ou menos recursos multimodais. Tendo em vista que recursos gráficos, espaciais e ilustrativos, agregados a informações verbais, tornam o texto acadêmico um produto multimodal, torna-se válido investigar a influência de tais recursos na leitura de estudantes universitários que lidam com esse tipo de texto. O estudo assume um caráter descritivo, bem como uma abordagem quantiqualitativa, sendo classificado como bibliográfico e de campo. O referencial teórico é pautado, fundamentalmente, em pressupostos defendidos por Elias e Silva (2018), Kleiman (2016), Luz (2010), Mayer (2005), Padilla (2018), entre outros. Além disso, o trabalho traz resultados de um estudo de campo de caráter exploratório. Tal estudo consistiu em um pré-teste realizado com graduandos da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS). A pesquisa demonstrou que recursos multimodais como ilustrações, por exemplo, podem gerar três tipos de efeito sobre a leitura de um texto acadêmico, isto é, elas podem auxiliar na melhor compreensão do conteúdo e localização de informações específicas; podem apenas acompanhar a informação verbal, de sorte que esta pode ser preponderante para o entendimento de um assunto; e, de certa forma, podem gerar algum tipo de dificuldade para o leitor integrar a informação verbal à visual, e, consequentemente, interpretar um dado.Recebido em: 27-04-2020Revisões requeridas em: 15-05-2020Aceito em: 18-05-2020REFERÊNCIAS:ARAÚJO, Júlio; PIMENTA, Alcilene Aguiar. Aspectos multimodais da escrita acadêmica em pôsteres de bolsistas da UFC: a construção de significados nesse gênero. E-Scrita: revista do Curso de Letras da UNIABEU, Nilópolis, v.5, n. 2, p. 106-122, maio/ago. 2014. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/2KCSVDj. Acesso em: 17 jun. 2019.BEZERRA, Benedito. Gêneros digitais: apresentando livros na internet. Revista Signos, Lajeado, v. 43, n. 1, p. 45-61, 2010. Disponível em: https://tinyurl.com/y3c8ywr6. Acesso em: 17 jun. 2019.ELIAS, Vanda Maria da Silva; SILVA, Sandro Luis da. Multimodalidade na escrita de artigos científicos: aspectos teórico-analíticos e contribuições para o ensino. Linha D’Água, São Paulo, v. 31, n. 1, p. 111-125, jan./abr. 2018. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/2W403hh. Acesso em: 17 jun. 2019.FERREIRA, Lucas Pazoline da Silva. Ciberartigo: um modelo de produção (hiper)textual na comunicação científica online. 2017. Tese (Doutorado em Letras) – Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 2017. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/358TAFS. Acesso em: 17 jun. 2019.FLOREK, Cristiane Salete. Uma proposta didática para o ensino de leitura e de escrita de um gênero acadêmico multimodal. Veredas, Juiz de Fora, v. 20, n. 2, p. 239-256, 2016. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/35eCUgu. Acesso em: 16 jun. 2019.FREITAG, Raquel Meister Ko. Amostras sociolinguísticas: probabilísticas ou por conveniência? Revista de Estudos da Linguagem, v. 26, n. 2, p. 667-686, 2018. Disponível em: https://tinyurl.com/y4fdur4s. Acesso em: 22 fev. 2019.IBGE. Normas de apresentação tabular. 3. ed. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE, 1993. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/383JF5b. Acesso em: 24 jan. 2020.KLEIMAN, Angela. Texto e leitor: aspectos cognitivos da leitura. 16. ed. Campinas: Pontes Editores, 2016.KOMESU, Fabiana. Letramentos acadêmicos e multimodalidade em contexto de EAD semipresencial. SCRIPTA, Belo Horizonte, v. 16, n. 30, p. 75-90, 1º sem. 2012. Disponível em: https://tinyurl.com/y3nhh9tn. Acesso em: 16 jun. 2019.LUPTON, Ellen. Pensar com tipos: guia para designers, escritores, editores e estudantes. Tradução André Stolarski. São Paulo: Cosac Naify, 2006.LUZ, José Gilvan da. Estatística. Aracaju: Gutemberg, 2010.MAYER, Richard E. Introduction to Multimedia Learning. In: MAYER, Richard E. The Cambridge Handbook of Multimedia Learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005. p. 1-16. Disponível em: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/fd09/96d9b55901cecacf4427fc1f6837d1868b7a.pdf. Acesso em: 02 jul. 2019.MORAES, Andréa. Pôster acadêmico: um evento multimodal. Ao Pé da Letra, Pernambuco, v. 9, p. 1-9, 2007. Disponível em: https://tinyurl.com/y5rsq6lo. Acesso em: 17 jun. 2019.MOTTA-ROTH, Désirée; HENDGES, Graciela Rabuske. Produção textual na universidade. São Paulo: Parábola Editorial, 2010.PADILLA, Constanza. Desafios epistêmicos e argumentativos na escrita de pós-graduação: gêneros científico-acadêmicos e trajetórias de mestrandos e doutorandos. Trad. Raquel da Silva Ortega. EIDA - Revista Eletrônica de Estudos Integrados em Discurso e Argumentação, Ilhéus, n. 15, p. 270-295, jan./jun. 2018. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/37bvJGr. Acesso em: 12 nov. 2019.SAMPAIO, R.F.; MANCINI, M.C. Estudos de revisão sistemática: um guia para síntese criteriosa da evidência científica. Revista Brasileira de Fisioterapia, São Carlos, v. 11, n. 1, p. 83-89, jan./fev. 2007. Disponível em: https://tinyurl.com/yy8s45oj. Acesso em: 28 maio 2019.

Abstract Activation of protein C is dependent on thrombin complexed with thrombomodulin (TM). Activated protein C (APC), together with its cofactor protein S, degrades coagulation Factors Va and VIIIa, thereby limiting further thrombin formation. Thus, in addition to suppressing the procoagulant effects of thrombin, direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) may also downregulate anticoagulant effects of thrombin-mediated feedback mechanisms. By contrast, direct Factor Xa (FXa) inhibitors block the formation of thrombin, but not its actions. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the direct FXa inhibitor, rivaroxaban, and the DTIs, dabigatran and melagatran, inhibit the negative-feedback reaction of the thrombin–TM complex/APC (thrombin–TM/APC) system and thereby increase thrombin formation. Experiments were conducted in plateletpoor plasma from healthy donors (normal plasma) and in pooled protein C-deficient plasma, both substituted with 1.33 μM phospholipids, in the presence or absence of 10 nM TM with increasing concentrations of rivaroxaban, dabigatran, melagatran, or the appropriate vehicles. Thrombin formation was initiated by adding 1.67 pM tissue factor (TF) and assessed by measuring the cleavage of the fluorogenic substrate Z-Gly-Gly-Arg-AMC (Bachem) using the Calibrated Automated Thrombogram (CAT, Thrombinoscope® BV) method. The parameters assessed were lag time, time to peak thrombin generation (tmax), peak thrombin generation (Cmax), and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP). In addition, formation of prothrombin fragments 1+2 (F1+2) was determined by ELISA (Enzygnost® F1+2 monoclonal [Dade Behring]). Rivaroxaban potently inhibited thrombin formation in the absence and presence of TM across all parameters in a concentration-dependent manner in both normal plasma and protein C-deficient plasma (see Table). In the absence of TM, melagatran and dabigatran also inhibited thrombin formation in a concentration-dependent manner, both in normal plasma and protein C-deficient plasma. In the presence of TM, DTIs prolonged lag time and tmax in a concentration-dependent manner. However, only high concentrations of the DTIs reduced ETP, Cmax, and F1+2, In normal plasma,lower concentrations even increased ETP, Cmax, and F1+2. Increased thrombin formation was observed with melagatran 119–474 nM or dabigatran 68–545 nM. DTIs did not increase thrombin formation in protein C-deficient plasma, suggesting that both protein C and TM are needed for the DTI-mediated increase in thrombin formation. The results suggest that low concentrations of DTIs suppress the anticoagulant effects of the thrombin–TM/APC system by inhibiting activation of protein C by the thrombin–TM complex, and thereby enhance thrombin formation. Conversely, rivaroxaban does not increase thrombin formation, suggesting that it does not suppress the negative-feedback reaction by inhibition of protein C activation. This hypothesis is supported by the absence of enhanced thrombin formation in protein C-deficient plasma. Enhanced thrombin formation might explain the hypercoagulation observed with DTIs in a rat model of TF-induced intravascular coagulation (Furugohri, et al. 2005; Morishima, et al. 2005; Perzborn, et al. 2008) and suggests that DTIs could cause activation of coagulation at lower plasma concentrations. Table. Effect of rivaroxaban, dabigatran, and melagatran on peak thrombin formation (Cmax [nM thrombin]) in the absence or presence of thrombomodulin (TM) in normal plasma (NP) from healthy volunteers (n=8–12), and in pooled protein C-deficient plasma (PPC) in the presence of TM (n=3). Results were obtained by the CAT method and are a mean of n plasma samples. Prothrombin fragments F1+2 (nM F1+2) results were obtained in the presence of TM (mean results; n=3 [NP]). Thrombin (nM) in normal and in protein C-deficient plasma n.d:, no data. Rivaroxaban (nM) 0 18 91 182 363 1,090 Cmax: − TM in NP 273 222 113 71 43 15 Cmax: + TM in NP 100 67 32 18 10 3 Cmax: + TM in PPC 290 249 168 117 80 38 F1+2: + TM (in NP) 184 89 43 18 n.d. 2 Dabigatran (nM) 0 68 136 273 545 1,090 Cmax: − TM in NP 261 287 289 282 239 102 Cmax: + TM in NP 81 156 203 240 218 96 Cmax: + TM in PPC 298 301 300 292 253 116 F1+2: + TM in NP 252 n.d. 362 422 351 98 Melagatran(nM) 0 24 119 237 474 948 Cmax: − TM in NP 276 290 297 289 251 127 Cmax: + TM in NP 101 133 215 251 237 113 Cmax: + TM in PPC 294 296 299 292 256 132 F1+2: + TM in NP 213 n.d. 389 427 393 123

In the last few decades, the studies in second language acquisition have not answered the question what mechanisms a human’s brain uses to make acquisition of language(s) possible. A neurocognitive model which tries to address SLA from such a perspective was suggested by Ullman (2005; 2015), according to which, “both first and second languages are acquired and processed by well-studied brain systems that are known to subserve particular nonlanguage functions” (Ullman, 2005: 141). The brain systems in question have analogous roles in their language and nonlanguage functions. This article is meant to critically analyse the suggested DP model within the context of neurocognitive studies of L2; and evaluate its contribution to the field of SLA studies. References Aboitiz, F. (1995). Working memory networks and the origin of language areas in the human brain. Medical Hypothesis, 25, 504-506. Aboitiz, F. & Garcia, R. (1977). The anatomy of language revisited. Biological Research, 30, 171-183. Aboitiz, F., Garcia, R., Brunetti, E. & Bosman, C. (2006). The origin of Broca’s area and its connections from an ancestral working memory network. In: Broca’s Region, (pp. 3-16). Y.Grodzinsky and K. Amunts, (Eds.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Alexander, M. P. (1997). Aphasia: clinical and anatomic aspects. In: Behavioral Neurology and Neuropsychology, (pp. 133–150). T. E. Feinberg, & M. J. Farah, (Eds.). New York: McGraw-Hill. Alexander, G.E., DeLong, M.R. & Strick, P.L. (1986). Parallel organisation of functionally segregated circuits linking basal ganglia and cortex. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 9, 357-381. Anderson, J. R., Bothell, D., Byrne, M. D., Douglass, S., Lebiere, C., Qin, Y. (2004). An integrated theory of the mind. Psychological Review, 111, 1036–1060. Birdsong, D., ed. (1999). Second Language Acquisition and the Critical Period Hypothesis. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Buckner, R. L., & Wheeler, M. E. (2001). The cognitive neuroscience of remembering. Nature Review Neuroscience, 2(9), pp. 624–634. Calabresi, P., Centonze, D., Gubellini, P., Pisani, A. & Bernardi, G. (2000). Acetyl-chlorine-ediated modulation of striatal function. Trends in Neurosciences, 23(3), 120-126. Cepeda, N.J., Vul. E., Rohrer, D., Wixted, J. T., Pashler, H. (2008) Spacing effects in learning: A temporal ridgeline of optimal retention. Psychological Science, 19, 1095-1102. Chun, M.M. (2000). Contextual cueing of visual attention. Trends in Cognitive Science, 4(5), 170-178.Crosson, B., Benefield, H., Cato, M. A., Sadek, R. J., Moore, A. B., Auerbach, E. J., Gokcay, D., Leonard, C.M. & Briggs, R.W. (2003). Left and right basal ganglia activity during language generation: contributions to lexical, semantic and phonological processes. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 9, 1061-1077. Devescovi, A., Caselli, M. C., Marchione, D., Pasqualetti, P., Reilly, J., & Bates, E. (2005). A crosslinguistic study of relationship between grammar and lexical development. Journal of Child Language, 32, 759–786. Di Giulio, D.V., Seidenberg, M., O’Leary, D. S. & Raz, N. (1994). Procedural and declarative memory: a developmental study. Brain and Cognition, 25(1), 79-91. Dionne, G., Dale, P., Boivin, M., & Plomin, R. (2003). Genetic evidence for bidirectional effects of early lexical and grammatical development. Child Development, 74, 394–412. Eichenbaum, H. & Cohen, N.J. (2001). From Conditioning to Conscious Recollection: Memory Systems of the Brain. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Ellis, N.C. (1994). Implicit and Explicit Learning of Languages. New York: Academic Press. Ellis, N.C. (2002). Reflections on frequency effects in language processing. Studies in Second language acquisition, 24, 297-339. Ellis, R., Loewen, S., Elder, C., Erlam, R., Philp, J., Reinders, H. (2009). Implicit and Explicit Knowledge in Second Language Learning, Testing and Teaching. Bristol: Multilingual Matters. Embick, D., Marantz, A., Miyashita, Y., O’Neil, W., & Sakai, K. L. (2000). A syntactic specialization for Broca’s area. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 97, (6150–6154). Fabbro, F., Clarici, A., Bava, A. (1996). Effects of left basal ganglia lesions on language production. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 82(3), 1291–1298. Ferman, S., Olshtain, E., Schechtman, E. & Karni, A. (2009). The acquisition of a linguistic skill by adults: procedural and declarative memory interact in the learning of an artificial morphological rule. Journal of Neurolinguistics, 22, 384-412. Retrieved from: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jneuroling. Fredriksson, A. (2000). Maze learning and motor activity deficits in adult mice induced by iron exposure during a critical postnatal period. Developmental Brain Research, 119(1), 65-74. Friederici, A. (2002). Towards a neural basis of auditory sentence processing. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6(2), 78–84. Friederici, A., von Cramon, D., Kotz, S. (1999). Language related brain potentials in patients with cortical and subcortical left hemisphere lesions. Brain, 122, 1033-1047. Goodale, M. A. (2000). Perception and action in the human visual system. In: The New Cognitive Neurosciences, (pp. 365-378). M. S. Gazzaniga, (ed.). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, Hahne, A., Friederichi, D. (2003). Processing a second language: late learners’ comprehension strategies as revealed by event-related brain potentials. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 4, 1-42. Henke, K (2010) A model for memory systems based on processing modes rather than consciousness. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 11, 523–532. Hikosaka, O., Sakai, K., Nakahara, H., Lu, X., Miyachi, S., Nakamura, K., Rand, M. K. (2000). Neural mechanisms for learning of sequential procedures. In: The New Cognitive Neurosciences, (pp. 553-572). M. S. Gazzaniga, (ed.). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Joanisse, M.F., Seidenberg, M.S. (1999). Impairments in verb morphology after brain injury: a connectionist model. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA. 96, (7592 –7597). Middleton, F.A., Strick, P.L. (2000). Basal ganglia and cerebral loops: motor and cognitive circuits. Brain research reviews, 31, 236-250. Moro, A., Tettamanti, M., Perani, D., Donati, C., Cappa, S. F., & Fazio, F. (2003). Syntax and the brain: disentangling grammar by selective anomalies. Neuroimage, 13(1), 110–118. Neurolinguistic and Psycholinguistic Perspectives on SLA. (2010). Arabski, J. & Wojtaszek, A. (Eds.), Bristol: Multilingual Matters. Newport, E. (1993). Maturational constraints on language learning. Cognitive Science, 14(1), 11-28. Opitz, B. & Friederichi, A.D. (2003). Interactions of the hippocampal system and the prefrontal cortex in learning language-like rules. Neuroimage, 19(4), 1730-1737. Packard, M.& Knowlton, B. (2002). Learning and memory functions of the basal ganglia. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 25, 563–593. Park, D., Lautenschlager, G., Hedden, T., Davidson, N., Smith, A. & Smith, P. (2002). Models of visuospatial and verbal memory across the adult life span. Psychology and Aging, 16, 299-320. Peelle, J.E., McMillan, C., Moore, P., Grossman, M. & Wingfield, A. (2004). Dissociable patterns of brain activity during comprehension of rapid and syntactically complex speech: evidence from fMRI. Brain and Language, 91, 315-325. Pinker, S. (1994). The Language Instinct. New York: William Morrow. Poldrack, R., Packard, M. G. (2003). Competition among multiple memory systems: converging evidence from animal and human brain studies. Neuropsychologia, 41(3), 245–251. Roediger, H.L., Butler, A.C. (2011). The critical role of retrieval practice in long-term retention. Trends in Cognitive Science, 15, 20-27. Schlaug, G. (2001). The brain of musicians: a model for functional and structural adaptation. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 930(1), 281-299. Squire, L.R., Knowlton, B.J. (2000). The medial temporal lobe, the hippocampus, and the memory systems of the brain. In: The New Cognitive Neurosciences. (pp. 765-780). M. S. Gazzaniga, Ed. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, Squire, L. R., Zola, S. M. (1996). Structure and function of declarative and nondeclarative memory systems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 93. (13515–13522). Sun, R., Zhang, X. (2004). Top-down versus bottom-up learning in cognitive skill acquisition. Cognitive Systems Research, 5, 63–89. Ullman, M.T. (2004). Contributions of memory circuits to language: the declarative/procedural model. Cognition, 92(1-2), 231-70. Ullman, M.T. (2005). A cognitive neuroscience perspective on second language acquisition: the declarative/procedural model. In: Adult Second Language Acquisition, (pp. 141-178). C. Sanz, (ed.). Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press. Ullman, M.T. & Pieport, E.I. (2005). Specific language impairment is not specific to language: the procedural deficit hypothesis. Cortex, 41, 399-433. Ullman, M. (2006). Is Broca’s area part of a basal ganglia thalamocortical circuit? In: The Cortex: Integrative Models of Broca’s Area and the Ventral Premotor Cortex. (pp. 480-485). R. Schubotz & C. Fiebach, (Eds.). Milan: Masson. Ullman, M. (2015) The declarative / procedural model: A neurobiologically motivated theory of first and second language. In: Theories in Second Language Acquisition: An Introduction, (pp. 135-158.) VanPatten, B. and J. Williams, (Eds.). 2nd ed. New York: Routledge. Ullman, M. and Lovelett, J. (2016). Implications of the declarative / procedural model for improving second language learning: The role of memory enhancement techniques. Second Language Research, Special issue, 1-27. Zurowski, B., Gostomzyk, J., Gron, G., Weller, R., Schirrmeister, H., Neumeier, B., Spitzer, M., Reske, S.N. & Walter, H. (2002). Dissociating a common working memory network from different neural substrates of phonological and spatial stimulus processing. Neuroimage, 15, 45-57.

Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, avaliar o estado nutricional, caracteres agronômicos e a produtividade de cultivares de girassol sob irrigação. Os cultivares Embrapa 122 V-2000, Hélio 250, Hélio 251, Hélio 253, Hélio 358, Hélio 360, IAC Iarama, Dow Agroscience M 734 e MG 02, foram semeados em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. O número de folhas por planta no florescimento foi maior nos híbridos Hélio 250, Hélio 251, Hélio 253, Hélio 358, Hélio 360, Dow Agroscience M 734 e MG 02, em relação aos cultivares de polinização aberta Embrapa 122 V-2000 e IAC Iarama. Os teores foliares de N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S foram 40,91; 3,51; 35,91; 33,91; 6,23 e 7,88 g kg-1, respectivamente. Os cultivares Embrapa 122 V-2000 e IAC-Iarama apresentaram teor de P na folha índice menor que os demais cultivares. Os teores foliares de Zn, Cu, Fe e o Mn foram 75,15; 24,11; 98,39 e 348,10 mg kg-1, respectivamente. O teor médio de B na folha índice nos híbridos e nas variedades de polinização aberta foi de 119,25 e 140,35 mg kg-1, respectivamente. Os cultivares Hélio 250, Hélio 251, Hélio 253, Hélio 358, Hélio 360, Dow Agroscience M 734 e MG 02 apresentaram maior produtividade que o Embrapa 122 V-2000 e o IAC Iarama.

-Johann Angerler, Achim Sibeth, Vom Kultobjekt zur Massenware; Kulturhistorische und kunstethnologische Studie zur figürlichen Holzschnitzkunst der Batak in Nordsumatra/Indonesien. Herbolzheim: Centaurus, 2003, 416 pp. [Sozialökonomische Prozesse in Asien und Afrika 8.] -Greg Bankoff, Eva-Lotta E. Hedman ,Philippine politics and society in the twentieth century; Colonial legacies, post colonial trajectories. London: Routledge, 2000, xv + 206 pp. [Politics in Asia Series.], John T. Sidel (eds) -Peter Boomgard, Andrew Dalby, Dangerous tastes; The story of spices. London: British Museum Press, 2002, 184 pp. -Max de Bruijn, G.J. Schutte, Het Indisch Sion; De Gereformeerde kerk onder de Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie. Hilversum: Verloren, 2002, 254 pp. [Serta Historica 7.] -Laura M. Calkins, Jacqueline Aquino Siapno, Gender, Islam, nationalism and the state in Aceh; The paradox of power, co-optation and resistance. London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2002, xxi + 240 pp. -H.J.M. Claessen, Deryck Scarr, A history of the Pacific islands; Passages through tropical time. Richmond: Curzon, 2001, xviii + 323 pp. -Matthew Isaac Cohen, Sean Williams, The sound of the ancestral ship; Highland music of West Java. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001, xii + 276 pp. -Freek Colombijn, Raymond K.H. Chan ,Development in Southeast Asia; Review and prospects. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2002, xx + 265 pp., Kwan Kwok Leung, Raymond M.H. Ngan (eds) -Heidi Dahles, Shinji Yamashita, Bali and beyond; Explorations in the anthropology of tourism. Translated and with an introduction by J.S. Eades, New York: Berghahn, 2003, xix + 175 pp. [Asian Anthropologies.] -Frank Dhont, Hans Antlöv ,Elections in Indonesia; The New Order and beyond. With contributions by Hans Antlöv, Syamsuddin Haris, Endang Turmudi, Sven Cederroth, Kaarlo Voionmaa. London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2004, xii + 164 pp. [Nordic Institute of Asian Studies Monograph Series 88.], Sven Cederroth (eds) -Frank Dhont, Aris Ananta ,Indonesian electoral behaviour; A statistical perspective. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2004, xli + 429 pp. [Indonesia's Population Series 2.], Evi Nurvida Arifin, Leo Suryadinata (eds) -Hans Hägerdal, Arnaud Leveau, Le destin des fils du dragon; L'influence de la communauté chinoise au Viêt Nam et en Thaïlande. Paris: L'Harmattan, Bangkok: Institut de Recherche sur l'Asie de Sud Est Contemporaine, 2003, xii + 88 pp. -Han Bing Siong, A.W.H. Massier, Van recht naar hukum; Indonesische juristen en hun taal, 1915-2000. (Privately published), 2003, xiii + 234 pp. [PhD thesis, Leiden University.] -David Hicks, Andrew Berry, Infinite tropics; An Albert Russel Wallace anthology, with a preface by Stephen Jay Gould. London: Verso, 2002, xviii + 430 pp. -Carool Kersten, J. van Goor, Indische avonturen; Opmerkelijke ontmoetingen met een andere wereld. Den Haag: Sdu Uitgevers, 2000, 294 pp. -Lisa Migo, Robert Martin Dumas, 'Teater Abdulmuluk' in Zuid-Sumatra; Op de drempel van een nieuwe tijdperk. Leiden: Onderzoekschool CNWS, School voor Aziatische, Afrikaanse en Amerindische Studies, 2000, 345 pp. -John N. Miksic, Claude Guillot ,Historie de Barus, Sumatra; Le site de Lobu Tua; II; Étude archéologique et documents. Paris: Association Archipel, 2003, 339 pp. [Cahier d'Archipel 30.], Marie-France Dupoizat, Daniel Perret (eds) -Sandra Niessen, Traude Gavin, Iban ritual textiles. Leiden: KITLV Press, 2003, xi + 356 pp. [Verhandelingen 205.] -Frank Okker, Jan Lechner, Uit de verte; Een jeugd in Indië 1927-1946. Met een nawoord van Gerard Termorshuizen. Leiden: KITLV Uitgeverij, 2004, 151 pp. [Boekerij 'Oost en West'.] -Angela Pashia, William D. Wilder, Journeys of the soul; Anthropological studies of death, burial and reburial practices in Borneo. Phillips ME: Borneo Research Council, 2003, vix + 366 pp. [Borneo Research Council Monograph Series 7.] -Jonathan H. Ping, Huub de Jonge ,Transcending borders; Arabs, politics, trade and Islam in Southeast Asia. Leiden: KITLV Press, 2002, viii + 246 pp. [Proceedings 5.], Nico Kaptein (eds) -Anton Ploeg, William C. Clarke, Remembering Papua New Guinea; An eccentric ethnography. Canberra: Pandanus Books, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University, 2003, 178 pp. -Nathan Porath, Gerco Kroes, Same hair, different hearts; Semai identity in a Malay context; An analysis of ideas and practices concerning health and illness. Leiden: Research School of Asian, African and Amerindian Studies (CNWS), Universiteit Leiden, 2002, 188 pp. -Guido Sprenger, Grant Evans, Laos; Culture and society. Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books, 1999, xi + 313 pp. -Gerard Termorshuizen, Dik van der Meulen, Multatuli; Leven en werk van Eduard Douwes Dekker. Nijmegen: SUN, 2002, 912 pp. -Paige West, Karl Benediktsson, Harvesting development; The construction of fresh food markets in Papua New Guinea. Copenhagen: Nordic Institute of Asian Studies/Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2002, xii + 308 pp. -Edwin Wieringa, Amirul Hadi, Islam and state in Sumatra; A study of seventeenth-century Aceh. Leiden: Brill, 2004, xiii + 273 pp. [Islamic History and Civilization, 48.] -Robin Wilson, Pamela J. Stewart ,Remaking the world; Myth, mining and ritual change among the Duna of Papua New Guinea. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 2002, xvi + 219 pp. [Smithsonian Series in Ethnographic Enquiry.], Andrew Strathern (eds)

Abstract Background Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a life-threatening condition that requires prompt recognition and management. With high morbidity in mind, we elected to compare the key CSF analysis, blood culture and serum cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) to prognosticate the probability of mortality in this population. Table 1. Comparison of demographics, serum and CSF analysis Methods We retrospectively reviewed all charts of patients admitted to our tertiary care center from 10/2005 to 10/2017. Inclusion criteria encompassed patients with positive CSF CrAg, positive CSF cultures, India ink, cytopathology, or CSF cell count &gt;5 with CNS symptoms, positive serum CrAg titer or blood cultures. Results Sixty patients who met the inclusion criteria were divided into the survivor (n=41) and the non-survivor (n=19) groups based on the inpatient mortality. There was no difference in age, sex, and immune status between the two groups. The median CSF nucleated cell counts in the non-survivor group was 39 cells/µL with median lymphocyte 59.5% whereas in the survivor group was 72 cells/µL with median lymphocyte 76% (P&lt; 0.001 and 0.04 respectively). The median CSF glucose was 27 mg/ml in the non-survivor compared to 35 mg/ml in the survivor group (P=0.02). Median CSF CrAg was higher at 1:1024 in the non-survivor group whereas the survivor group was 1:256 (P &lt; 0.01). CSF opening pressure (cm H2O), blood culture, and serum CrAg level were not statistically significant between the two groups. Conclusion Low CSF cell count, low glucose, and high CSF CrAg were independently associated with inpatient mortality in CM. This is in line with the prior findings. A novel finding in this study is significantly decreased median CSF lymphocyte % in the non-survivor group. Serum CrAg titer, positive blood cultures, and median CSF protein were not statistically significant between the two groups. However, a study with a larger sample size may be needed to confirm these findings. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Abstract Background: Standard of care suggests that patients with iron deficiency anemia requiring iron replacement should be treated with oral ferrous sulfate or ferrous gluconate. However, many patients cannot tolerate or are unable to absorb these oral iron preparations, especially, for the several months necessary to replete iron stores. This intolerance is primarily due to significant gastrointestinal side effects. Ferric dextran is FDA approved for parenteral treatment of iron deficiency anemia and is the drug most commonly used for treatment of adults. While, iron dextran is generally safe and effective, this drug still has a significant side effect profile, including generalized body aches, arthralgias, myalgias, nausea, vomiting, anaphylaxis, and death. Intravenous (IV) ferric sodium gluconate (Ferrlecit) is FDA approved for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia associated with hemodialysis due to chronic kidney disease but is not approved for treatment of other causes of iron deficiency anemia. IV ferric sodium gluconate is efficacious and very well tolerated, with minimal side effects in treated patients. We report a retrospective review of the NMCSD experience in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia with intravenous ferric sodium gluconate in patients without kidney disease. Methods: From January 2002 to July 2005, 59 consecutive adult non-hemodialysis patients who received Ferrlecit were identified. Inclusion criteria were patients with suspected iron deficiency who did not have a diagnosis of chronic kidney or end stage renal disease. At present, 34 patients receiving 256 infusions of ferric sodium gluconate have had their chart and laboratory reviews completed and are the subject of this analysis. Efficacy of treatment was measured with pre- and post-treatment hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, and ferritin. All uses of premedication as well as adverse events were recorded. Results: Of the 256 infusions, 5 infusion reactions were documented. None of these were classified as “severe” or “anaphylactic” requiring discontinuation. No medications were needed for intervention, and most reactions responded to slowing of the infusion or premedication on subsequent doses. Only 3 patients required benadryl for premedication on a total of 4 occasions. All efficacy end points showed improvement in those parameters measured. Table 1: Pre and Post Treatment Incremental Increases in Hematologic Variables N=31 Median Increase 95% Confidence Interval P-value Hemoglobin (g/dl) 2.9 1.34 to 4.43 &lt;0.001 Hematocrit (%) 7.7 3.75 to 11.42 &lt;0.001 MCV (fl ) 10.0 3.58 to 14.49 &lt;0.001 Ferritin (ng/ml) 73.9 40.52 to 105.95 &lt;0.001 Conclusions: We conclude that IV ferric sodium gluconate is safe and efficacious and lacks the significant side effect profile demonstrated by patients exposed to iron dextran. We suggest the use of IV ferric sodium gluconate as the new standard of care for intravenous iron replacement in non-hemodialysis patients with anemia requiring a parenteral form of iron replacement. Updated information on all 59 patients to include clinical characteristics will be reported at a later date. This is the largest published study of the use of IV ferric sodium gluconate in non-dialysis iron deficient patients.

Abstract Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is one of the hematological malignancies in which no key development in specific treatment has been achieved in opposition to B-cell malignancies or CML. Yet, few recent studies have reported an improvement in overall survival (OS) of adult AML patients (pts) (Sant, Lancet Oncol 2014; Derolf, Blood 2009; Pulte, Haematologica 2008). However, these studies are mainly based on registries or compilation of clinical trials and reasons for this improvement are not defined. We analyzed the outcome of AML pts treated between 2000 and 2014 by intensive chemotherapy in order to determine whether there has been an improvement in OS over time and independently of classic prognostic factors. From January, 1st, 2000 to December, 31st, 2014, 976 AML pts received intensive chemotherapy at the Toulouse University Hospital. With regards to routine practice evolution, voriconazole or caspofungin were used from 2003 as prophylaxis of fungal infections (Chabrol, Haematologica 2010), then posaconazole from 2008. Indications for alloSCT have evolved from geno to pheno-identical (Id) in first complete response (CR) and more recently to haplo-Id in high risk pts, whereas autologous-SCT was progressively abandoned. Molecular stratification for alloSCT indications based on NPM1, FLT3-ITD and CEBPA mutations started from 2006. A specific unit dedicated to acute leukemia was created in the Hematology department in 2005. Starting from 2010, dexamethasone was added to chemotherapy in pts with WBC>100 or >50 G/L with leukostasis. Since therapeutic strategies differed between younger and older pts, we analyzed separately the outcome of pts <60y (n=513) and pts 60y+ (n=463) according to 2000-2004, 2005-2009 and 2010-2014 periods. In pts <60y, there were no differences in median age (47.9, 47.3 and 50.5y), secondary AML (19.7; 18.2 and 15.7%), PS>1 (22.8, 10.5 and 24.2%), median WBC count (11, 13 and 9 G/l), favorable/unfavorable karyotypes (14.0/25.6, 15.5/22.7 and 11.5/21.0%), FLT3-ITD (23.7, 20.7 and 22.9%) or NPM1 mutations in intermediate-cytogenetic risk (24.5, 33.6, 33.3%) according to 2000-2004; 2005-2009 and 2010-2014 periods. Median FU of pts still alive was 67.4 months (84.0, 74.1 and 38.1 months for 2000-2004, 2005-2009 and 2010-2014, respectively). Patients were censored at 7 years. Table 1 shows response to induction, treatment distribution and outcome. There were no differences in term of cumulative incidence (CI) of death in CR1 or non-relapse mortality in allografted pts over time. However, multivariate analyses with regards to d60 death (HR 0.43, 95% CI, 0.17-1.13; p=0.089), CI of relapse (SHR 0.72, 95%CI 0.50-1.03; p=0.071) and disease-free survival (HR 0.76, 95%CI 0.54-1.06; p=0.104) showed a trend for better outcome in the 2010-2014 period than in 2000-2004. The period of time was significantly associated with a better OS (p=0.031) with HR of 0.92 (95%CI 0.70-1.20; p=0.536) and 0.68 (95%CI, 0.50-0.92; p=0.012) for 2005-2009 and 2010-2014 respectively, compared to 2000-2004. The 2010-2014 period effect was still significant in multivariate analysis when adjusted on age (≥50y), secondary AML, cytogenetics and WBC >50 G/L (HR 0.62, 95%CI 0.46-0.85; p=0.003). Characteristics of pts 60y+ were: median age (68.0, 68.7 and 66.9y), secondary AML (34.6; 20.2 and 25.7%), PS>1 (28.4, 20.0 and 21.7%), median WBC count (10.7, 8.3 and 11.2 G/l), favorable/unfavorable karyotypes (3.1/24.2, 3.8/21.3 and 4.8/19.8%), FLT3-ITD (12.0, 25.9 and 21.2%) or NPM1 mutations in intermediate-cytogenetic risk (41.3, 34.6, 32.8%) according to 2000-2004; 2005-2009 and 2010-2014 periods. Median FU of pts still alive was 52.5 months (84.0, 70.6 and 35.6 months for 2000-2004, 2005-2009 and 2010-2014, respectively). There was no difference in OS over time (table 2). However, there was a significant interaction between period of time and WBC in the multivariate analysis for OS meaning that the 2010-2014 period had an impact only in pts with WBC > 50 G/L (HR 0.41, 95%CI 0.24-0.71; p=0.002). The same interaction was also found for CR achievement (OR 3.90, 95%CI 1.30-11.7; p=0.015). Progresses have been made in each phase of the therapeutic course of younger AML pts (less early deaths, more alloSCT without increased NRM, less relapses, more second remissions) resulting in survival improvement. In older pts, though outcome of hyperleukocytic patients has improved, significant advances remain to be made. Disclosures Tavitian: Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Attal:sanofi: Consultancy; celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding; janssen: Consultancy, Research Funding; amgen: Consultancy, Research Funding. Huguet:Pfizer, Novartis, BMS, Ariad, Jazz, Amgen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Récher:Celgene, Sunesis, Amgen, Novartis, Chugai: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding.

The experiment to study the recovery pattern of cyclone affected palms cv. Sakhigopal Local was carried out in an ongoing fertilizer trial with three levels each of N (500, 1000 and 1500 g N/palm/ year), P (250, 500 and 750 g P2O5/palm/year) and K (750, 1250 and 1750 g of K2O/palm/year) at Coconut Research Station under Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology. The study indicated that the manuring practices comprising higher doses of N, P and K were most effective, nitrogen in particular in bringing out a gradual improvement in the reproductive characters of the coconut palms affected by the super cyclone, 1999. Enhanced nitrogen application (1000g/palm/year) induced production of more number of inflorescences, more of female flowers and increased yield per palm during initial years of damage irrespective of the degree of damage suffered by the adult palms in the littoral sandy soils of Orissa. The nut yield per palm per year exhibited significant increase at N levels of 500 to 1000 g per palm per year during 2001-02 to 2003-04 under damage category I. The importance of this level of nitrogen was marked during 2000-01 to 2002-03 in damage category II and during 2000-01 to 2001-02 in damage category III. The 1500 g nitrogen per palm per year did not show any significant change over 1000 g as regards to the nut yield per palm.

This research examines the rise of Islamic populism in Indonesia and understands it as an instrument to clear a new pathway for populism movement into popular culture. Ummi magazine is one of the religious media used to be political vehicles of stablishing constituencies, especially for the Tarbiyah movement in the Soeharto era to the current tendency to popularize the Tarbiyah identity as a new lifestyle. Historically, The Tarbiyah movement in Indonesia is a social and political movement among Indonesian Muslimah students, especially activists in the Suharto period. Muslim middle class entrepreneurs launched a campaign of ‘economic jihad. This research uses a qualitative approach by interpreting and studying the data contained in Ummi Magazine. Media studies were carried out in the January 2017 to 2018 editions. The data obtained were described and associated with the magazine's transformation as an ideological medium and Muslim women's lifestyle today. The result shows that the magazine's transformation from ideology magazine to lifestyle magazine can influence readers because there are more new readers. Whether Ummi as a media for da'wah and a women's magazine, it is still perceived by the readers to apply ideological coercion or simply provide an alternative lifestyle or consumption where religious independence is the main characteristic of the magazine. We argue that Islamic populism is mainly a medium for coercion ideology to gain tracks to power, while the poor remain as ‘floating mass’, and entrapped in many so-called 'empowerment' projects. Populism can be interpreted as a communication style in which a group of politicians considers themselves to represent the people’s interests contrasted with elite interests. Nevertheless, the populism approach is gaining momentum. Abdullah, I. (1996). Tubuh, Kesehatan, dan Struktur yang Melemahkan Wanita. Kumpulan Makalah Seminar Bulanan. Pusat Penelitian Kependudukan UGM.Al-Abani, S. M. N. (1999). Jilbab Wanita Muslimah. Pustaka At-Tibyan.Ahmed, L. (1992). Women and Gender in Islam: Historical Roots of Modern Debate. Yale University Press.Al-Ghifari, A. (2005). Kerudung Gaul, Berjilbab Tapi Telanjang. Mujahid Press.Armbrust, W. (2000). ‘Introduction’, Mass Mediation: New Approaches to Popular Culture In The Middle East and Beyond. University California Press.Askew, K. (2002). ‘Introduction’, The Anthropology of Media: A Reader.Blackwell.Astuti, S. N. A. . (2005). Membaca Kelompok Berjilbab Sebagai Komunitas Sub Kultur. Universitas Gadjah Mada.BPS. (2017). Statistika Pendapatan. BPS Publication. Banet-Weiser, S. (2006). “I just want to be me again!”: Beauty pageants, reality television and post-feminism. Feminist Theory, 7(2), 255–272. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464700106064423Banna, H. (2011). Majmu’ah Rasail Al Iman As Syahid (Risalah Pergerakan Ikhawanul Muslimin. Era Intermedia. Barthel, D. (1976) . The Impact of Colonialism on Women’s Status in Senegal.Ph.D Dissertation, Harvard University.Barthes, R. (1977). Image, Music, Text. Fortana Press.Bertrand, I., & Hughes, P. (2005). Media Research Methods: Audiences, Institutions, Texts. Palgrave Mecmillan.Bordo, S. (1995). Unbearable Weight : Feminism, Western Culture, and The Body. University of California Press.Branner, S. (1995). Why Women Rule the Roost: Rethiking Javanese Ideologies of Gender and Self-Control. In Bewitching Women, Pioner Men. University of California Press.______. (1996). ‘Reconstructing Self and Society, Javannese Muslim Women and The Veil’. American Ethnologist.Bruneinessen, M. v. (2002). ‘Genealogies of Islamic Radicalism in Post-Suharto Indonesia’. South East Asian Research. Champagne, J. (2004). Jilbab Gaul. Bali. Latitudes, 46, 114-123.Damanik, A. S. (2000). Fenomena Partai Keadilan: Transformasi 20 Tahun Gerakan Tarbiyah di Indonesia. Mizan.Durkin, K. (1985). Television and Sex Role Acquisition I: Content’. British Journal of Social Psycology, 24, 102-113.Effendi, B. (2003). ‘Islam Politik Pasca Suharto’. Refleksi, 5(2).El-Guindi, F. (1991). Veil, Modesty, Privacy, and Resistance. Berg.Frederick, W. H. (1982). Rhoma Irama and The Dangdut Style: Aspects of Contemporary Indonesian Popular Culture. Indonesia, 34, 103-130.Featherstone, M. (2001). The Body in Consumer Culture. In The Body: Social Process and Cultural Theory. SAGE Publication.Foucault, M. (1981). The Order of Discourse. Routledge and Keagon Paul.Fukuyama, F. (2018). Against Identity Politics. Foreign Affairs, Sptember/October, 1-25.Gough, Y. A. (2003). Understanding Women Magazine. Routledge.Gautlett, D. (2002). Media, Gender, and Identity: An Introduction. Routledge.Geetzt, C. (1973). The Interpretation of Culture. Verso.Gill, R. (2009). Mediated Intimacy and Post Feminism: a Discourse Analytic Examination of Sex and Relationship advice in Woman’s Magazine. Discourse and Communication Journal, 3(4), 345-369. https://doi.org/10.1177/1750481309343870Gramsci, A. (1992). Selection from The Prison on Notebooks. International Publisher.Gorham, B. W. (2004). The Social Psychology of Stereotypes: Implications for Media Audiences. In Race/Gender/Media: Considering Diversity Across Audiences, Content, and Producers. Pearson.Hall, S. (1997). The Work Of Representation. In Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices. SAGE Publication.Handayani, D. (2014). Performatifitas Muslimah dalam Majalah Ummi. At-Tabsyir. Jurnal Komunikasi Penyiaran Islam, 2(1), 73-98. http://doi.org/10.21043/at-tabsyir.v2i1.461.Hanifah, U. (2011). Konstruksi Ideologi Gender pada Majalah Wanita (Analisis Wacana Kritis Majalah Ummi). KOMUNIKA: Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunkasi, 5(2), 199-220. https://doi.org/10.24090/komunika.v5i2.170Imdadun, R. (2005). Arus Baru Iislam Radikal: Transmisi, Revivalisme Islam Timur Tengah ke Indonesiaan. Erlangga.Itzin, C.(1986). Media Images of Women: The Social Construction of Ageism and Sexism. In Feminist Social Psycology: Developing Theory and Practice. Milton Keynes. Open University Press.Kailani, N. (2008). Budaya Populer Islam di Indonesia: Jaringan Dakwah Foru Lingkar Pena. Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif, 2(3). Kellner, D. (1995). Cultural Studies, Identities and Politics Between The Modern and Postmodern. Routledge.Machmudi, Y. (2006). Islamizing Indonesia: The Rise of Jamaah Tarbiyah and The Presperous Justice Party (PKS). PhD Dissertation, Australia National University.Maulidiyah, L. (2014). Wacana Relasi Gender Suami Istri dalam Keluarga Muslim di Majalah Wanita Muslim Indonesia. Universitas Airlangga.Parihatin, A. (2004). Ideologi Revivalisme Islam dalam Majalah Perempuan Islam (Analisis Wacana pada Majalah Ummi). Universitas Indonesia. Qadarawi, Y. (2004). Al Islamu wal Fannu. Islam Bicara Seni. Era Intermedia. Qutb, S. (1980). Ma’alim fi Al Tariq (Petunjuk Jalan-Milestone). Media Dakwah.Rozak, A. (2008). Citra Perempuan dalam Majalah Wanita Islam UMMI. Jurnal Penelitian Agama. VXII(2), 332-354.Storey, J. (2010). Culture and Power in Cultural Studies: The Politics of Signification. Edinburg University Press.Ulfa, N. M. (2016). Dakwah Melalui Media Cetak (Analisis Isi Rubrik Mutiara Islam Majalah Ummi). Islamic Communication Journal, 1(1), 73-89.

Amanda, A. P., Syamsina, A. N., & Pratiwi, I. I. (2024). Strukturalisme genetik Lucien Goldmann dalam novel Supernova 2: Akar karya Dee Lestari (Lucien Goldmann's genetic structuralism in the novel Supernova 2: Akar by Dee Lestari). Aksarabaca Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Budaya, 1(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.47313/aksarabaca.v1i1.3138 Anoegrajekti, D. (2020). Sastra pariwisata (Tourism literature). Yogyakarta: Kanisius. Arnas, B. (2021). Ethile-Ethile. Yogyakarta: Diva Press. Artawan, G. (2020). Aku cinta lovina: Peran sastra dalam mempromosikan pariwisata Bali Utara (I love Lovina: The role of literature in promoting tourism in North Bali). JUMPA, 7(1), 241–256. Artika, I W. (2021). Pengembangan pariwisata sastra di Desa Kalibukbuk (Development of literary tourism in Kalibukbuk Village). Prosiding Jurusan Bahasa Sastra Indonesia dan Daerah, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Singaraja. Atkinson, W. (2016). Beyond bourdieu: From genetic structuralism to relational phenomenology. Cambridge: Polity Press. Barnet S., Burto W., & Cain, W. E. (2018). An introduction to literature: Fiction, poetry, and drama (15th ed). New York: Pearson Longman. Burhan, N. (2007). Teori pengkajian fiksi (Fictional study theory). Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada Universty Press. Butler, C. (2020). Japan reads the cotswolds: Children’s literature, tourism, and the Japanese imagination. Children’s Literature, 48(1), 198–233. https://doi.org/10.1353/chl.2020.0008 Castle, G. (2013). The literary theory handbook. London: Wiley Blackwell. Djumati, R., Jaya, A., & Rauf, R. (2023). Sosialisasi pelestarian sastra pariwisata tradisional Ternate: Studi pariwisata dan sastra interdisiplin (Socialization of the preservation of traditional Ternate tourism literature: Interdisciplinary tourism and literature studies). Jurnal Altifani Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 3(4), 620–629. https://doi.org/10.59395/altifani.v3i4.470 Ermila, M., Fadlillah, F., & Zurmailis, Z. (2022). Pandangan dunia pengarang dalam trilogi novel Rapijali karya Dee Lestari: Tinjauan strukturalisme genetik Goldmann (The author's worldview in the Rapijali novel trilogy by Dee Lestari: A review of Goldmann's genetic structuralism). Puitika, 18(2), 18. https://doi.org/10.25077/puitika.18.2.16-33.2022 Faruk, (2017). Metode penelitian sastra (Literary research methods). Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar. Faruk. (2015). Pengantar sosiologi sastra dari strukturalisme genetik sampai post- modernisme (Introduction to the sociology of literature from genetic structuralism to post-modernism). Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar. Himes, M. (2022). Visual novel based education in English literature: A study on student engagement. Press Start, 8(2), 1–20. https://press-start.gla.ac.uk/index.php/press-start/article/view/206 Holland, K. (2013). The novel in the age of disintegration: Dostoevsky and the problem of genre in the 1870s. Evanston: Northwestern University Press, Intan, T. (2021). Novel L’homme Qui Voulait Être Heureux karya laurent gounelle dalam perspektif kajian pariwisata sastra (The novel L’homme Qui Voulait Être Heureux by Laurent Gounelle from the perspective of literary tourism studies). Basastra: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya, 9(2), 395. https://doi.org/10.20961/basastra.v9i2.51802 Kamila, A., Fathurohman, I., & Kanzunnudin, M. (2023). Fakta kemanusiaan dalam novel Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk karya Ahmad Tohari kajian strukturalisme genetik Lucien Goldmann (Facts about humanity in the novel Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk by Ahmad Tohari, a study of Lucien Goldmann's genetic structuralism). Edukasiana: Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan, 2(1), 33–39. https://doi.org/10.56916/ejip.v2i1.246 Noermanzah, N. N. (2017). Plot in a collection of short stories “Sakinah Bersamamu” works of Asma Nadia with feminimism analysis. Humanus, 16(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.24036/jh.v16i1.7015 Nyoman, R. K. (2019). Sastra pariwisata: Pendekatan interdisipliner kajian sastra dan pariwisata (Tourism literature: An interdisciplinary approach to literary and tourism studies). Seminar Nasional INOBALI, (2005), 173–181. Riana, D. R. (2020). Wajah pasar terapung sebagai ikon wisata Banjarmasin, Kalimantan Selatan dalam sastra: Kajian sastra pariwisata (The face of the floating market as a tourist icon in Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan in literature: A study of tourism literature). Undas, 16(2), 231–250. https://doi.org/10.26499/und.v16i2.2808 Sangidu. (2004). Penelitian sastra: Pendekatan, teori, metode, teknik, dan kiat (Literary research: Approaches, theories, methods, techniques and tips). Yogyakarta: Gajah Mada. Satinem, S., Juwati, J., & Noermanzah, N. (2020). Developing teaching material of poetry appreciation based on students competency analysis. English Review: Journal of English Education, 8(2), 237. https://doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v8i2.2707 Sunarti, S. (2020). Pemberdayaan cerita rakyat untuk pengembangan destinasi wisata berbasis kekayaan budaya Indonesia (Empowerment of folklore for the development of tourist destinations based on Indonesia's cultural richness). Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa. Wellek, R. & Warren, A. (1977). Theory of literature. London: Harcourt Brace Javanovich Publisher. Wibowo, S. (2020). Sastra pariwisata: Perjalanan pengembangan budaya (Tourism literature: A journey of cultural development). Yogyakarta: Kanisius. Wicaksono, A. (2017). Kearifan pada lingkungan hidup dalam novel-novel karya Andrea Hirata (Tinjauan strukturalisme genetik) (Wisdom on the environment in novels by Andrea Hirata (Review of genetic structuralism)). JENTERA: Jurnal Kajian Sastra, 5(1), 7. https://doi.org/10.26499/jentera.v5i1.346 Yasa, I N. (2012). Teori sastra dan penerapannya (Literary theory and its application). Bandung: Karya Putra Darwati.

Целью исследования являлся анализ аффиксального способа словообразования якутского, алтайского языков на материале лексики частей тела животных. Для сопоставления и выявления общего и отличительного в аффиксальном словообразовании в анализируемых языках привлекался бурятский материал. Материалом анализа послужили данные словарей разной типологии и сравнительно-исторических исследований в целом по алтайским, а также по тюркским и монгольским языкам. Сопоставительный анализ выполнен на основе сравнительно-исторических исследований по тюркским языкам, опорой послужила «Сравнительно-историческая грамматика тюркских языков. Лексика» (2001). Использованы описательный, сравнительный, сравнительно-исторический методы исследования, метод сплошной выборки, а также приемы словообразовательного анализа и синтеза, систематизации, классификации. Проведенный аффиксальный способ словообразования дал возможность выявить общее и отличительное в словообразовательной системе тюркских и монгольских языков, относящихся к разным классификационным группам алтайской семьи языков, находящихся в контактной зоне сибирского ареала. Установлено, что аффиксальный способ словообразования в сравниваемых языках является продуктивным для пополнения лексикона частей тела животных, некоторые из якутских аффиксов являются заимствованиями из монгольских языков и представляют общее достояние якутского и бурятского языков. В результате изучения собранного материала авторы приходят к выводу о необходимости сравнительного исследования вторичных номинаций лексики частей тела животных в якутском, алтайском и бурятском языках: выявление древнейших продуктивных словообразовательных способов способствует установлению внутренних форм производных слов и выявлению первичных корневых морфем, что представляет собой первостепенную задачу сравнительно-исторического исследования якутского языка. Antonov N. K. Materialy po istoricheskoj leksike jakutskogo jazyka [Materials on the historical vocabulary of the Yakut language]. Jakutsk: Jakutskoe knizhnoe izdatel'stvo, 1971. 174 p. (in Russian). Almadakova N. D. Grammaticheskaja kategorija zaloga v altajskom jazyke [Grammatical category of the pledge in the Altai language]. Gorno-Altajsk, 2005. 118 p. (in Russian). Betlingk O. N. O jazyke jakutov [About the Yakut language] // Per. s nem. V. I. Rassadina. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1990. 644 p. (in Russian). Budazhanova L. B. K probleme slozhnosostavnyh slov v burjatskom jazyke (na materiale buddijskoj leksiki) [On the problem of compound words in the Buryat language (based on the material of Buddhist vocabulary)] // Vestnik Burjatskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta: Jazyk. Literatura. Kul'tura. 2018. Vyp. 2. P. 3–9. (in Russian). GSAJa – Grammatika sovremennogo altajskogo jazyka. Morfologija [Grammar of the modern Altai language. Morphology]. Gorno-Altajsk, 2017. 576 p. (in Russian). GBJa – Grammatika burjatskogo jazyka. Fonetika i morfologija [Grammar of the Buryat language. Phonetics and morphology]. M.: Izd-vo Vostochnoj literatury, 1962. 340 p. (in Russian). GSJaLJa – Grammatika sovremennogo jakutskogo literaturnogo jazyka. Fonetika i morfologija [Grammar of the modern Yakut literary language. Phonetics and morphology]. M.: Nauka, 1982. 496 p. (in Russian). Dondukov U.-Zh. Sh. Slovoobrazovanie mongol'skih jazykov [Word formation of the Mongolian languages]. Ulan-Udje, 1993. 230 p. (in Russian). Dybo A. V. Semanticheskaja rekonstrukcija v altajskoj jetimologii. Somaticheskie terminy (plechevoj sustav) [Semantic reconstruction in Altaic etymology. Somatic terms (shoulder joint)]. M., 1996. 386 p. Dyrheeva G. A., Haranutova D. Sh., Bardamova E. A. Parnye slova i parnoe slovoobrazovanie v burjatskom jazyke [Paired words and paired word formation in the Buryat language]. Ulan-Udje: Izd-vo Burjatskogo gosuniversiteta, 2014. 208 p. (in Russian). Ivanov S. A. Leksicheskie osobennosti govorov jakutskogo jazyka [Lexical features of the dialects of the Yakut language]. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 2017. 392 p. (in Russian). Ivanov S. A. Obrazovanie dialektnoj sistemy jakutskogo jazyka [Formation of the dialect system of the Yakut language]. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 2021. 256 p. (in Russian). Ivanova I. B. Affiksal'noe imennoe slovoobrazovanie v sovremennom jakutskom jazyke (na materiale otglagol'nyh imen sushhestvitel'nyh) [Affixal nominal word formation in the modern Yakut language (based on the material of verbal nouns)]. Avtoref…kand. diss. Jakutsk, 2011. 22 p. (in Russian). Kaluzhinskij Ct. Jetimologicheskie issledovanija po jakutskomu jazyku. Dvuslozhnye osnovy [Etymological research on the Yakut language. Two – syllable basics]. (II) // Rocznik orientalistyczny. 1978. T. XL. Z. 1. P. 71–82. (in Russian). Kolesnikova A. V. K harakteristike chastej tela cheloveka v tunguso-man'chzhurskih jazykah [On the characterization of human body parts in the Tungusic-Manchu languages] // Ocherki sravnitel'noj leksikologii altajskih jazykov. – Leningrad: Nauka, 1972. P. 257–336. (in Russian). Kolesnikova A. V. Affiksal'noe glagoloobrazovanie v altajskom jazyke v sopostavlenii s drevnetjurkskim jazykom [Affixal verb formation in the Altai language in comparison with the ancient Turkic language]. Avtoref… na soiskanie diss. dokt. filol. n. Novosibirsk, 2004. (in Russian). Musaev K. M. Leksikologija tjurkskih jazykov [Lexicology of the Turkic languages]. M.: Nauka, 1984. 226 p. (in Russian). Okoneshnikov E. I. Lingvisticheskie aspekty terminologii jakutskogo jazyka [Linguistic aspects of the terminology of the Yakut language]. Avtoref. dokt…diss. Jakutsk, 2005. 52 p. (in Russian) Orlovskaja M. N. Imena sushhestvitel'nye i prilagatel'nye v sovremennom mongol'skom jazyke [Nouns and adjectives in modern Mongolian]. M.: Izd-vo Vostochnoj literatury, 1961. 114 p. (in Russian). Rassadin V. I. Ocherki po morfologii i slovoobrazovaniju mongol'skih jazykov [Essays on the morphology and word formation of the Mongolian languages]. Jelista, 2008. 232 p. (in Russian). SIGTJa 1988 – Sravnitel'no-istoricheskaja grammatika tjurkskih jazykov: Morfologija [Comparative historical Grammar of the Turkic languages: Morphology]. M.: «Nauka», 1988. 560 p. (in Russian). SIGTJa 2001 – Sravnitel'no-istoricheskaja grammatika tjurkskih jazykov: Leksika [Comparative historical Grammar of the Turkic languages: Vocabulary]. M.: «Nauka», 2001. 822 p. (in Russian). Tarakanova I. M. Slovoobrazovanie imen sushhestvitel'nyh v hakasskom jazyke (v sopostavitel'nom aspekte) [Word formation of nouns in the Khakass language (in a comparative aspect)]. Abakan: Hakasskoe knizh. izd-vo, 2008. 174 p. (in Russian). Tybykova A. T. Orfografija i punktuacija altajskogo jazyka [Spelling and punctuation of the Altai language]. Gorno-Altajsk, 1981. (in Russian). Haranutova D. Sh. Burjatskoe slovoobrazovanie: strukturno-semanticheskaja organizacija [Buryat word formation: structural and semantic organization]. Ulan-Udje: Izd-vo Burjatskogo gosuniversiteta, 2012. 269 p. (in Russian). Chajchina E. V. Leksiko-semanticheskoe vzaimootnoshenie komponentov parnyh slov v altajskom jazyke [Lexicosemantic relationship of the components of paired words in the Altai language] // Jazyki korennyh narodov Sibiri. Novosibirsk, 2004. Pp. 115–120. (in Russian). Shagdarov L. D., Shagdarova D. L. Slozhnoe slovo v burjatskom jazyke [A complex word in the Buryat language]. Ulan-Udje: Izd-vo Burjatskogo gosuniversiteta, 2015. 265 p. (in Russian). Shherbak A. M. O haraktere leksicheskih vzaimosvjazej tjurkskih, mongol'skih i tunguso-man'chzhurskih jazykov [On the nature of lexical interrelations of the Turkic, Mongolian and Tungusic-Manchu languages] // Voprosy jazykoznanija, 1966, № 3. (in Russian). Shherbak A. M. Ocherki po sravnitel'noj morfologii tjurkskih jazykov (Imja) [Essays on the comparative morphology of the Turkic languages (Name)]. Leningrad: Nauka, 1977. 182 p. (in Russian). Cincius V. I. Zadachi sravnitel'noj leksikologii altajskih jazykov [Tasks of comparative lexicology of the Altai languages] // Ocherki sravnitel'noj leksikologii altajskih jazykov. Leningrad: Nauka, 1972. Pp. 3–14. (in Russian). Kaluzinsky St. Mongolische Elemente in der Jakutischen Sprache. Warszawa, 1961. www.buryat-lang.ru – Russko-burjatskij slovar'.

Abstract Background: Myeloablative conditioning (MAC) and reduced toxicity conditioning (RTC) followed by UCBT (matched at 4-6/6 HLA loci) in children with malignant and non-malignant diseases is safe and effective (Wagner/Cairo et al, Blood, 1996; Geyer/Cairo et al, BJH, 2011). However, there is a low concentration of CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) in banked UCB (Cairo/Kurtzberg et al, Transfusion, 2005) compared to bone marrow or peripheral blood, leading to delayed hematopoietic reconstitution and 10-20% incidence of graft failure (Cairo et al, Blood, 1997; Cairo et al, Transfusion, 2005; Satwani/Cairo et al, BBMT, 2013). Human placenta-derived stem cells (HPDSCs) are rich in HPCs and HPC colony forming unit capabilities, low in HLA Class I and II expression, low in T-cell content, and have regenerative, anti-inflammatory, and immunosuppressive properties (Cairo et al, BMT, 2015). Mendez-Ferrer et al have demonstrated that HPDSCs enhance in-vivo engraftment when combined with UCBT in NOD-SCID animals (Mendez-Ferrero et al, Nature, 2010). Objective: To determine the safety of administering unrelated donor HPDSC in conjunction with unrelated single or double UCBT following MAC or RTC in children and adults with malignant and non-malignant diseases and to determine the time to hematopoietic engraftment, immune reconstitution and probability of donor chimerism. Methods: Patients ≤55 years of age with malignant and non-malignant diseases with a single UCB 5-6/6 HLA match and TNC ≥ 3.5x 107/kg, or double UCB 4-6/6 HLA match and combined TNC >5.0 x 107/kg are eligible. HLA typing was performed by serology for Class I A and B and by high resolution DNA typing of DRB1. Patients received either fully myeloablative or reduced toxicity pre-UCBT conditioning as indicated for the targeted disease followed by single or double UCB plus HPDSC infusion. All patients received filgrastim (G-CSF) starting at least 24 hours after the HPDSC infusion until myeloid engraftment and GVHD prophylaxis with tacrolimus or cyclosporine plus mycophenolate mofetil. Results: Twenty one patients have been enrolled to date: mean age 11 (0.31-34.9) years, 11 males, 10 females. Fourteen subjects had malignancies (relapsed/refractory or hypodiploid precursor B-ALL (n=7), relapsed/refractory or high risk AML (n=5), T-cell ALL induction failure (n=1), and T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (n=1)) and seven had non-malignant disorders (adrenoleukodystrophy (n=1), chronic granulomatous disease (n=1), congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (n=1), bone marrow failure (n=1), SCID (n=1), severe aplastic anemia (n=1), and dyskeratosis congenita (n=1)). Fourteen patients received single UCBT followed by HPDSC infusion, and seven patients received double UCBT followed by HPDSC infusion. There were no severe adverse events associated with the HPDSC infusions. Median time to neutrophil and platelet engraftment were 22 (13-53) and 45 (20-98) days post UCBT, respectively. Mean percent of whole blood donor chimerism at days 30, 60, 100 and 180 were 97% (SEM 1.25), 99%, (SEM 0.36), 99% (SEM 0.39), and 97.9 (SEM 1.31), respectively. Average percent of whole blood HPDSC chimerism was <1% at day 30. Average absolute CD3/4/8 at days 100, 180, 270, and 365 were 150/107/43, 411/ 256/154, 1020/630/371, and 1207/728/458, respectively, per mcl. Average absolute CD56 and CD19 at days 100, 180, 270 and 365 were 478/654, 190/713, 308/2225 and 361/1215 respectively. The probability of NRM at day 100 was 0%. Of patients with malignant disease, the incidence of relapse was 0/14 (0%) at day 100 and 1/14 (7.1%) at day 180 post-transplant. For the full cohort, the probability of Grade II-IV aGVHD was 14.8% (CI95 0.0-28.9) (Figure 1) and the probability of 12 month overall survival was78.6% (CI95 62.0-99.6) (Figure 2). OS at day 100 and day 180 are 19/19 (100%) and 15/19 (78.9%) respectively. 2/21 patients have not yet reached day 100. Sixteen of twenty-one patients are alive at a median of 535 (53-1175) days post UCBT. Conclusions: These preliminary results suggest that single or double UCBT combined with unrelated HPDSC is safe, well tolerated, and has a lower than expected probability of Grade II-IV aGVHD. A larger cohort and longer follow-up is required to determine the safety and clinical significance of these early findings. Disclosures Pulsipher: Novartis: Consultancy, Other: Study Steering Committee; Jazz Pharmaceutical: Consultancy; Chimerix: Consultancy; Medac: Other: Housing support for conference. Zhang:Celgene: Employment, Equity Ownership, Patents & Royalties. Gurney:Celgene: Employment, Equity Ownership. Cairo:Celgene: Research Funding.

Phosphate coatings have been a popular choice for the treatment of steels and other ferrous alloys for a number of decades. In the most common embodiment of the process, phosphate coatings are produced by a conversion reaction between the steel surface and an acidic conversion bath. The resulting coatings are composed of phosphate crystals which act as a physical barrier between the environment and the underlying metal, protecting it from corrosion and wear [1]. Despite being a cheap and well-affirmed technology, conversion phosphating has recently been scrutinized due to its high environmental impact. In fact, one of the main byproducts of the process is a sludge containing phosphates and heavy metals from the deposition bath. A potential solution to the environmental burden carried by the conversion process is represented by the electrolytic deposition method. In this case, the increase in interfacial pH necessary for phosphate precipitation is obtained by applying a cathodic polarization to the samples to coat in an electrolytic setup. As a consequence of the potential shift, substrate dissolution is prevented and so is sludge formation [2]. In this work, we demonstrate how the choice of current density influences the resulting properties of zinc phosphate coatings obtained by electrolytic deposition on low carbon steel substrates. Aside from the deposition rate, the applied current density is found to be a determinant factor in the morphology of the coatings as it can be seen in Figure 1. In turn, this affects other properties such as wear and corrosion resistance. [1] B. Díaz, L. Freire, M. Mojío, and X. R. Nóvoa, “Optimization of conversion coatings based on zinc phosphate on high strength steels, with enhanced barrier properties,” J. Electroanal. Chem., vol. 737, pp. 174–183, Jan. 2015. [2] S. Jegannathan, T. S. N. Sankara Narayanan, K. Ravichandran, and S. Rajeswari, “Performance of zinc phosphate coatings obtained by cathodic electrochemical treatment in accelerated corrosion tests,” Electrochim. Acta, vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 247–256, Oct. 2005. Figure 1

Parte-se do estado da arte feito por Muniz Sodré (2012a) sobre a abordagem acadêmica do campo comunicacional e a dificuldade para defini-lo em seu aspecto "científico". No intuito de prospectar além dos paradigmas identificados por Sodré (o sociológico, dos efeitos; e o semiótico, dos códigos), propõe-se o paradigma pulsional que orienta a Transformática, teoria psicanalítica da comunicação.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Teorias da comunicação; Conhecimento; Psicanálise. ABSTRACTAccording to the state of the art - made by Muniz Sodré (2012a) - of the academic approach of the communication field, there is a great difficulty in defining this field as "scientific". In order to examine beyond the two paradigms depicted by Sodré (sociological and semiotic) this paper exposes the "drive (Freud: Trieb) paradigm" which is the basis of Transformatics, the psychoanalytical theory of communication.KEYWORDS: Communication theories; Knowledge; Psychoanalysis. RESUMENSe inicia con el estado de la técnica hecha por Muniz Sodré (2012a) en el enfoque académico del campo de la comunicación y la dificultad de definirla en su aspecto "científico". Con el fin de perspectiva más allá de los paradigmas identificados por Sodre (la sociológicos, los efectos y los semióticos, códigos), se propone paradigma instintivo que guía Transformática, la teoría psicoanalítica de la comunicación. PALABRAS CLAVE: Teorías de la Comunicación; conocimiento; Psicoanálisis. ReferênciasALONSO, Aristides. Aspectos do verbo Haver e seu uso na Nova Psicanálise. TranZ: Revista dos Estudos Transitivos do Contemporâneo, v. 5, 2010. Acessar:http://www.tranz.org.br/5_edicao/TranZ10-Aristides-VerboHaver-RevMD.pdfCUSA, Nicolau de. [1514] Deus é visto para lá da coincidência dos contraditórios e o seu ver é ser. In: A visão de Deus. Lisboa: Gulbenkian, 1988. p. 168-171FREUD, S. [1930] Mal-estar na Civilização. ESB, vol. XXI. Rio de Janeiro: Imago, 1976. p. 73-171______. [1927] O Futuro de uma Ilusão. ESB, vol. XXI. Rio de Janeiro: Imago, 1976. p. 11-71______. [1925] As resistências à psicanálise. In: Sigmund Freud: Obras completas, volume 16. São Paulo: Cia. Das Letras, 2011. p. 252-266. Trad.: Paulo César de Souza______. [1923] "Psicanálise" e "Teoria da libido". In: Sigmund Freud: Obras completas, volume 15. São Paulo: Cia. Das Letras, 2011. p. 273-308. Trad.: Paulo César de Souza______. [1921] Psicologia de Grupo e Análise do Eu. ESB, vol. XVIII. Rio de Janeiro: Imago, 1976. p. 87-179______. [1920] Além do princípio de prazer. ESB, vol. XVIII. Rio de Janeiro: Imago, 1976. p. 13-85HILST, Hilda. O caderno Rosa de Lori Lamby. São Paulo: Massao Ohno, 1990.MAGNO, MD. [2009] Clownagens. Rio de Janeiro: NovaMente, 2012. Cf. trecho, A presença do Revirão, publicado em TranZ: Revista dos Estudos Transitivos do Contemporâneo, v. 4, 2009. Acessar:http://www.tranz.org.br/4_edicao/artigos/MD%20Magno_APresencaDoRevirao.pdf______. [2008] AdRem: Gnômica ou MetaPsicologia do Conhecimento. Rio de Janeiro: NovaMente, 2014.______. [2005] Clavis universalis: da cura em psicanálise: revisão da clínica. Rio de Janeiro: NovaMente, 2007.______. [2000/2001] Revirão 2000/2001: "Arte da Fuga" e Clínica da Razão Prática". Rio de Janeiro: NovaMente, 2003.______. [1998] Introdução à transformática. Rio de Janeiro: NovaMente, 2004.______. [1996] "Psychopathia sexualis". Santa Maria: Editora UFSM, 2000.______. [1994] Velut luna: a Clínica Geral da Nova Psicanálise. Rio de Janeiro: NovaMente, 2008.______. [1993] A Natureza do vínculo. Rio de Janeiro: Imago, 1994.______. [1982] A Música. Rio de Janeiro: Aoutra, 1986.MONTARDO, sandra Portella; PASSERINO, Liliana Maria. Estudo dos blogs a partir da netnografia: possibilidades e limitações. Novas Tecnologia na Educação. Revista Novas Tecnologias de Informação, Porto Alegre, v. 4, n. 2., 2006. http://www.cinted.ufrgs.br/renote/dez2006/artigosrenote/25065.pdfRECUERO, Raquel. Estratégias de personalização e sites de redes sociais: um estudo de caso de apropriação do Fotolog.com. In: Comunicação, mídia e consumo. ESPM. São Paulo, vol.5, n. 12, p. 35-56, mar. 2008.REIS, Vanessa Alkmin. Websites pró-ana e mia: redes sociais e suas transformações. Disertação de Mestrado apresentada ao PPGCOM/UFJF e aprovada em 2009.SILVEIRA Jr., Potiguara Mendes da; REIS, Vanessa Alkmin. Vínculos no ciberespaço: websites pró anorexia e bulimia. Revista FAMECOS, Porto Alegre, nº 39, agosto de 2009, p. 91-97. Disponível em: http://revistaseletronicas.pucrs.br/ojs/index.php/revistafamecos/article/viewFile/5847/4241SILVEIRA Jr., Potiguara Mendes da. Um fato midiático: o pornoerotismo do "Caderno Rosa". In: LAHNI, Cláudia Regina; PINHEIRO, Marta de Araújo (orgs.). Sociedade e comunicação: perspectivas contemporâneas. Rio de Janeiro: Mauad, 2008. p. 141-155. Também disponível em: http://www.tranz.org.br/pdf_2/potiguara_cadernorosa.pdf______. (org.). "O pornoerotismo do "Caderno Rosa": um pequeno dossiê". COMUM, vol. 13, n° 28, jan-dez 2007. O artigo inclui textos dos alunos de graduação: Clarice Fernandes, Érica Cristina Procópio Campos, Flávia Vilela e Iara Marques do Nascimento.______. Artificialismo total. Ensaios de transformática. Comunicação e psicanálise. Rio de Janeiro: NovaMente, 2006.SODRÉ, Muniz. Comunicação: um campo em apuros teóricos. MATRIZes. São Paulo: ano 5, n. 2, jan./jun. 2012, p. 11-27.Disponível em: http://www.matrizes.usp.br/index.php/matrizes/article/view/336/pdf ______. Sobre a episteme comunicacional. MATRIZes. São Paulo: ano 1, n. 1, out. 2007, p. 15-26. Disponível em: http://www.matrizes.usp.br/index.php/matrizes/article/view/38/61 Disponível em:Url: http://opendepot.org/2688/ Abrir em (para melhor visualização em dispositivos móveis - Formato Flipbooks):Issuu / Calameo

Plants for medicinal purposes are considered as the main source of health care for the majority of the world population. In order to promote medicinal plants in Algeria, the present work aimed to assess the physico-chemical characterization, hemolytic, and antioxidant activities of Ammodaucus leucotrichus essential oil of an endemic plant from south-west of Algeria. The plant was harvested from the region of Bechar (south-west of Algeria). The oil was obtained by hydrodistillation method using Clevenger apparatus. The antioxidant activity of the oil was carried out using DPPH scavenging assay, and its effect on erythrocyte cells was evaluated by measuring the hemolytic degree. The obtained results showed that this oil presented a low antioxidant activity compared to positive control (ascorbic acid). The hemolytic activity was very low since the oil diluted to 1/10, while it was low in the pure state. This fact proves the safety of A. leucotrichus oil, which can explain its use without risk by the indigenous population. REFERENCES: Abu Zarga, M.H., Al-Jaber, H.I., Baba Amer, Z.Y., Sakhrib, L., Al-Qudah, M.A., Alhumaidi, J.Y.G., Abaza, I.F., & Afifi, FU. (2013). Chemical composition, antimicrobialand antitumor activities of essential oil of Ammodaucus leucotrichus growing in Algeria.Journal of Biologically Active Products from Nature, 3, 224–231.http://doi.org/10.1080/22311866.2013.833469.Adorjan, B., & Buchbauer, G. (2010). Biological properties of essential oils: An updatedreview. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 25, 407–426. http://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.2024.AFNOR. (1992). Association Française de Normalisation «Recueil des normes françaises surles huiles essentielles». II édition, Paris.Amorati, R., Foti, M.C., & Valgimigli, L. (2013). Antioxidant activity of essential oils.Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 61, 10835–10847.http://doi.org/10.1021/jf403496k.Bakkali, F., Averbeck, S., Averbeck, D., Idaomar, M. (2008). Biological effects of essentialoils- a review. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46, 446–475.http://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2007.09106.Barao Paixao, V.L., & de Carvalho, J.F. (2021). Essential oil therapy in rheumatic diseases:A systematic review. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 43, 101391.http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2021.101391Benhouhou, S. (2005). A Guide to Medicinal plants in North Africa: database on Medicinalplants, IUCN center for Mediterranean cooperation. Mâlaga.Bouaziz, M., Yangui, T., Sayadi, S., & Dhouib, A. (2009). Disinfectant properties of essentialoils from Salvia officinalis L. cultivated in Tunisia. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 47,2755–2760. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2009.08.005.Burt, S. (2004). Essential oils: their antibacterial properties applications in foods-a review.International Journal of Food Microbiology, 94, 223–253.http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2004.03.022.Conforti, F., Sosa, S., Marrelli, M., Menichini, F., Statti, G.A., Uzunov, D., Tubaro, A., &Menichini, F. (2009). The protective ability of Mediterranean dietary plants against theoxidative damage: The role of radical oxygen species in inflammation and thepolyphenol, flavonoid and sterol contents. Food Chemistry, 112, 587–594.http://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.06.013.Dalar, A., Türker, M., & Konczak, I. (2012). Antioxidant capacity and phenolic constituentsof Malva neglecta Wallr. and Plantago lanceolata L. from Eastern Anatolia region ofTurkey. Journal of Herbal Medicine, 2, 42–51.http://doi.org/10.1016/j.hermed.2012.03.001.Dawidowicz, A.L., Szewczyk, J., & Dybowski, M.P. (2016). Modified application of HSSPME for quality evaluation of essential oil plant materials. Talanta, 146, 195–202.http://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2015.08.043.El Haci, I.A., Bekhechi. C., Atik-Bekkara, F., Mazari, W., Gherib, M., Bighelli, A.,Casanova, J., & Fellix, T. (2014). Antimicrobial activity of Ammodaucus leucotrichusfruit oil from Algerian Sahara. Natural Product Communications, 9, 711–712.http://doi.org/10.1177/1934578X1400900533 Essid, R., Rahali, F.Z., Msaada, K., Sghair, I., Hammami, M., Bouratbine, A., Aoun, K., &Limam, F. (2015). Antileishmanial and cytotoxic potential of essential oils frommedicinal plants in Northern Tunisia. Industrial Crops and Products, 77, 795–802.http://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.09.049.Fillatre, Y., Rondeau, D., Daguin, A., & Communal, P.Y. (2016). A work flow for multiclassdetermination of 256 pesticides in essential oils by liquid chromatography tandem massspectrometry using evaporation and dilution approaches: Application to lavandin, lemonand cypress essential oils. Talanta, 149, 178–186.http://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2015.11.052.Gainza, Y.A., Domingues, L.F., Perez, O.P., Rabelo, M.D., Lopez, E.R., & Chagas, A.C.S.(2015). Anthelmintic activity in vitro of Citrus sinensis and Melaleuca quinquenerviaessential oil from Cuba on Haemonchus contortus. Industrial Crops and Products, 76,647–652. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.07.056.Gomes, M.R.F., Schuh, R.S., Jacques, A.L.B., Dorneles, G.G., Montanha, J., Roehe, P.M.,Bordignon, S., Dallegrave, E., Leal, M.B., & Limberger, R.P. (2013). Biologicalassessment (antiviral and antioxidant) and acute toxicity of essential oils from Drimysangustifolia and D. brasiliensis. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 23, 284–290.http://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-695X2012005000142.Halla, N., Helenoa, S.A., Costa, P., Fernandes, I.P., Calhelha, R.C., Boucherit, K., Rodrigues,A.E., Ferreira, I.C.F.R., & Barreiro, M.F. (2018). Chemical profile and bioactiveproperties of the essential oil isolated from Ammodaucus leucotrichus fruits growing inSahara and its evaluation as a cosmeceutical ingredient. Industrial Crops and Products,119, 249–254. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.04.043.Hammiche, V., & Maiza, K. (2006). Traditional medicine in central Sahara: pharmacopoeiaof Tassili N’ajjer. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 105, 358–367.http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2005.11.028.Hossain, M.H., Shah, M.D., Sang, S.V., & Sakari, M. (2012). Chemical composition andantibacterial properties of the essential oils and crude extracts of Merremia borneensis.Journal of King Saud University –Science, 24, 243–249.http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2011.03.006.Hussein, G., Miyashiro, H., Nakamura, N., Hattori, M., Kakiuchi, N., & Shimotohno, K.(2000). Inhibitory effects of Sudanese medical plant extracts on hepatitis C virus (HCV)protease. Phytotherapy Research, 14, 510–516. http://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1573(200011)14:7<510::aid-ptr646>3.0.co;2-b.Idm’hand, E., Msanda, F., & Cherifi, K. (2020). Medicinal uses, phytochemistry andpharmacology of Ammodaucus leucotrichus. Clinical Phytoscience, 6,6.http://doi.org/10.1186/s40816-020-0154-7.Khaldi, A., Meddah, B., Moussaoui, A., & Sonnet, P. (2017). Anti-mycotoxin effect andantifungal properties of essential oil from Ammodaucus leucotrichus Coss. & Dur. onAspergillus flavus and Aspergillus ochraceus. Journal of Essential Oil and BearingPlants, 20, 36–44. http://doi.org/10.1080/0972060X.2017.1282840.Lee, J.Y., Cho, P.Y., Kim, T.Y., Kang, S.Y., Song, K.Y., & Hong, S.J. (2002). Hemolyticactivity and developmental expression of pore-forming peptide, clonorin. Biochemicaland Biophysical Research Communications, 296, 1238–1244.http://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-291x(02)02062-4.Manssouri, M., Znini, M., & Majidi, L. (2020). Studies on the antioxidant activity of essentialoil and various extracts of Ammodaucus leucotrichus Coss. & Dur. fruits from Morocco.Journal of Taibah University for Science, 14, 124–130.http://doi.org/10.1080/16583655.2019.1710394. Pavlović, I., Petrović, S., Radenković, M., Milenković, M., Couladis, M., Branković, S.,Pavlović, M.D., & Niketic, D.M. (2012). Composition, antimicrobial, antiradical andspasmolytic activity of Ferula heuffelii Griseb. ex Heuffel (Apiaceae) essential oil. FoodChemistry, 130, 310–315. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.07.043.Pillai, S., Mahmud, R., Lee, W.C., & Perumal, S. (2012). Anti-parasitic Activity of Myristicafragrans Houtt. essential oil against Toxoplasma Gondii parasite. APCBEE Procedia, 2,92–96. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcbee.2012.06.017.Quezel, P., & Santa, S. (1963). Nouvelle flore de l’Algérie et des régions désertiquesméridionales, CNRS, Paris.Riaz, M., Rasool, N., Bukhari, I.H., Shahid, M., Zubair, M., Rizwan, K., & Rashid, U.(2012). In vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxicity and GC/MS analysis of Mazusgoodenifolius. Molecules, 17, 14275–14287. http://doi.org/10.3390/molecules171214275Sadaoui, N., Bec, N., Barragnan-Montero, V., Kadri, N., Cuisinier, F., Larroque, C., Arab,K., & Khettal, B. (2018). The essential oil of Algerian Ammodaucus leucotrichus Coss.& Dur. and its effect on the cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase activities.Fitoterapia, 130, 1–5. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2018.07.015Saleh, M.A., Clark, S., Woodard, B., & Deolu-Sobogun, S.A. (2010). Antioxidant and freeradical scavenging activities of essential oils. Ethnicity and Disease, 20 Suppl 1, 78–82.Salem, M.Z.M., Zidan, Y.E., Mansour, M.A.M., El Hadidi, N.M.N., & Abo Elgat, W.A.A.(2016). Antifungal activities of two essential oils used in the treatment of threecommercial woods deteriorated by five common mold fungi. InternationalBiodeterioration and Biodegradation, 106, 88–96.http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2015.10.010.Sebaaly, C., Charcosset, C., Stainmesse, S., Fessi, H., & Greige-Gergesa, H. (2016). Cloveessential oil-in-cyclodextrin-in-liposomes in the aqueous and lyophilized states: fromlaboratory to large scale using a membrane contactor. Carbohydrate Polymers, 138, 75–85. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.11.053.Sharma, P., Sharma, J.D. (2001). In vitro hemolysis of human erythrocytes by plant extractswith antiplasmodial activity. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 74, 239–243.http://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(00)00370-6.Tampieri, M.P., Galuppi, R., Macchioni, F., Carelle, M.S., Falcioni, L., Cioni, P.L., &Morelli, I. (2005). The inhibition of Candida albicans by selected essential oils and theirmajor components. Mycopathologia, 159, 339–345. http://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-003-4790-5.Turek, C., & Stintzing, F.C. (2012). Impact of different storage conditions on the quality ofselected essential oils. Food Research International, 46, 341–353.http://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2011.12.028.Velasco-Negueruela, A., Pérez-Alonso, M.J., Pérez de Paz, P.L., Palá-Paúl, J., & Sanz, J.(2006). Analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of the volatiles from thefruits of Ammodaucus leucotrichus subsp. leucotrichus and subsp. nanocarpus grown inNorth Africa and the Canary Islands, respectively. Journal of Chromatography A, 1108,273–275. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2006.01.031.

Aerts, R. (1997). Nitrogen partitioning between resorption and decomposition pathways: a trade-off between nitrogen use efficiency and litter decomposability? Oikos, 80(3), 603−406. Ahmedna, M., Marshall, W. E. & Rao, R. O. (2000). Granular Activated Carbons from Agricultural By-Products: Preparation, Properties, and Application in Cane Sugar Refining. LSU AgCenter: Bulletin Number 869. Albiker, D. & Zweifel, R. (2019). Pflanzenkohle im Futter oder in der Einstreu und ihre Wirkung auf die Stickstoffretention und Leistung von Broilern. Wissenschaftstagung Ökologischer Landbau. Kassel: Stiftung Ökologie and Landbau, (15),276−283. Al-Kindi, A., Schiborra, A., Buerkert, A. & Schlecht, E. (2017). Effects of quebracho tannin extract and activated charcoal on nutrient digestibility, digesta passage and faeces composition in goats. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 101(3), 576−588. Alshannaq, A. & Yu, J. H. (2017). Occurrence, toxicity, and analysis of major mycotoxins in food. Australian Veterinary Journal, 68(4), 146−148. Anukul, N. Vangnai, K. & Mahakarnchandkul, W. (2013) Significance of regulation limits in mycotoxin contamination in Asia and risk management programs at the national level. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 21(3), 227−241. Bakr, B. E. A. (2008). The effect of using citrus wood charcoal in broiler rations on the performance of broilers. An-Najah University Journal for Research − Natural Sciences, 22, 17−24. Beguin, F. & Frackowiak, E. (Eds.). (2009). Carbons for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion Systems, (1st ed.). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420055405 Benabdeljelil, K. & Ayachi, A. (1996). Evaluation of Alternative Litter Materials for Poultry. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 5, 203−209. Berk, J. (2009). Einfluss der Einstreuart auf Prävalenz und Schweregrad von Pododermatitis beimännlichen Broilern. (Effect of litter type on prevalence and severity of pododermatitis in male broilers). Berliner und Münchener tierärztliche Wochenschrift, 7, 257−263. Bisson, M. G., Scott, C. B. & Taylor, C. A. (2001). Activated charcoal and experience affect intake of juniper by goats. Journal of Range Management, 54, 274−278. Bolan, N. S., Szogi, A. A., Chuasavathi, T., Seshadri, B., Rothrock, M. J. & Panneerselvam, P. (2010). Uses and management of poultry litter. World's Poultry Science Journal, 66(4), 673−698. Burdock, G. A. (1997). Encyclopedia of Food and Color Additives. Boca Raton: CRC. Cheng, C. H. & Lehmann, J. (2009). Ageing of black carbon along a temperature gradient. Chemosphere, 75(8), 1021−1027. Choi, J. S., Jung, D. S., Lee, J. H., Choi, Y. I. & Lee, J. J. (2012). Growth performance, immune response and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs by feeding stevia and charcoal. Korean Journal for Food Science of Animal Resources, 32(2), 228−233. Christophersen, A. B., Levin, D., Hoegberg, L. C., Angelo, H. R. & Kampmann, J. P. (2002). Activated charcoal alone or after gastric lavage: a simulated large paracetamol intoxication. British Journal of Clinical Pharamacology, 53, 312−317. Chu, G. M., Jung, C. K., Kim, H. Y., Ha, J. H., Kim, J. H., Jung, M. S., Lee, S. J., Song, Y., Ibrahim, R. I. H., Cho, J. H., Lee, S. S. & Song, Y. M. (2013a). Effects of bamboo charcoal and bamboo vinegar as antibiotic alternatives on growth performance, immune responses and fecal microflora population in fattening pigs. Animal Science Journal, 84, 113−120. Chu, G. M., Kim, J. H., Kang, S. N. & Song, Y. M. (2013b). Effects of dietary bamboo charcoal on the carcass characteristics and meat quality of fattening pigs. Korean Journal for Food Science of Animal Resources, 33(3), 348−355. Daković, A., Tomašević-Čanović, M., Dondur, V., Rottinghaus, G. E., Medaković, V. & Zarić, S. (2005). Adsorption of mycotoxins by organozeolites. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 46(1), 20−25. Darren, J. M., Beth, B. & Juan, J. V. (2020). Use of biochar by sheep: Impacts on diet selection, digestibility, and performance. Journal of Animal Science, 98(12), 1−9. Davidson, E. A., Chorover, J. & Dail, D. B. (2003). A mechanism of abiotic immobilization of nitrate in forest ecosystems: the ferrous wheel hypothesis. Global Change Biology, 9(2), 228−236. Di Natale, F., Gallo, M. & Nigro, R. (2009). Adsorbents selection for aflatoxins removal in bovine milks. Journal of Food Engineering, 95(1), 186−191. Diaz, S. (2004). The plant traits that drive ecosystems: Evidence from three continents. Journal of Vegetation Science, 15, 295−304. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2004.tb02266.x Erickson, P. S., Whitehouse, N. L. & Dunn, M. L. (2011). Activated carbon supplementation of dairy cow diets: Effects on apparent total tract nutrient digestibility and taste preference. American Registry of Professional Animal Scientists, 27, 428−434. European Biochar Foundation (EBC). (2012). European biochar certificate − guidelines for a sustainable production of biochar. Version 8.2 of 19th April 2019: Accessed: 30th September, 2021. European Biochar Foundation (EBC). (2018). Guidelines for EBC-feed certification. http://www.european-biochar.org/biochar/media/doc/ebc-feed.pdf: Accessed: 30th September, 2021. Feng, F., Yang, F., Rong, W., Wu, X., Zhang, J., Chen, S., He, Ch. & Zhou, J. M. (2012). A Xanthomonas uridine 5'-monophosphate transferase inhibits plant immune kinases. Nature, 485(7396), 114−118. Galvano, F., Pietri, A., Fallico, B., Bertuzzi, T., Scirè, S., Galvano, M. & Maggiore, R. (1996). Activated carbons: in vitro affinity for aflatoxin B1 and relation of adsorption ability to physicochemical parameters. Journal of Food Protection, 59(5), 545−550. Galvano, F., Piva, A., Ritiene, A. & Galvano, G. (2001): Dietary strategies to counteract the effects of mycotoxins: A review. Journal of Food Protection, 64, 120−131. Gerlach, A. & Schmidt, H. P. (2012). Pflanzenkohle in der Rinderhaltung. Ithaka Journal, 1, 80−84. Guo, J. & Lua, A. C. (2003). Textual and chemical properties of adsorbent prepared from palm shell by phosphoric acid activation. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 80, 114−119. Hagemann, N., Joseph, S., Schmidt, H., Kammann, C. I., Harter, J., Borch, T., Young, R. B., Varga, K., Taherymoosavi, S., Elliott, K. W., Albu, M., Mayrhofer, C., Obst, M., Conte, P., Dieguez, A., Orsetti, S., Subdiaga, E., Behrens, S. & Kappler, A. (2018). Organic coating on biochar explains its nutrient retention and stimulation of soil fertility. Nature Communications, 8(1), 163. Hansen, J., Sato, M. & Ruedy, R. (2012). Perception of climate change. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(37), E2415−E2423. Hatch, T. P., Al-Hossainy, E. & Silverman, J. A. (1982). Adenine nucleotide and lysine transport in Chlamydia psittaci. Journal of Bacteriology, 150(2), 662−670. Hinz, K. S. J., Schättler, J. K., Spindler, B. & Kemper, N. (2019). Foot pad health and growth performance in broiler chickens as affected by supplemental charcoal and fermented herb extract (FKE): An on-farm study. European Poultry Science, 83, 13. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaspecpub63.2014.0043.5 Hinz, K., Stracke, J., Schättler, J. K., Kemper, N. & Spindler, B. (2019). Effects of Enriched Charcoal as Permanent 0.2 % Feed-Additive in Standard and Low-Protein Diets of Male Fattening Turkeys: An On-Farm Study. Animals, 9(8), 1−15. Huwig, A., Freimund, S., Käppeli, O. & Dutler. H. (2001). Mycotoxin detoxification of animal feed by different adsorbents. Toxicology Letters, 122, 179−188. International Biochar Initiative (IBI). (2015). Standardized product definition and product testing guidelines for biochar that is used in soil. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(6), 632. Islam, M. M., Ahmed, S. T., Kim, Y. J., Mun, H. S., Kim, Y. J. & Yang, C. J. (2014). Effect of sea tangle (Laminaria japonica) and charcoal supplementation as alternatives to antibiotics on growth performance and meat quality of ducks. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 27(2), 217–224. Johnson, K. A. & Johnson, D. E. (1995). Methane emissions from cattle. Journal of Animal Science, 73, 2483−2492. Joseph, S., Pow, D., Dawson, K., Mitchell, D., Rawal, A., Hook, J., Taherymoosavi, S., Zwieten, L., Rust, J., Donne, S., Munroe, P., Pace,B., Graber, E., Thomas, T., Nielsen, S., Ye, J., Lin, Y., Pan, G., Li, L. & Solaiman, Z. (2015). Feeding biochar to cows: an innovative solution for improving soil fertility and farm productivity. Pedosphere, 25(5), 666−679. Kana, J. R., Teguia, A., Mungfu, B. M. & Tchoumboue, J. (2011). Growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with graded levels of charcoal from maize cob or seed of Canarium schweinfurthii Engl. Tropical Animal Health Production, 43, 51−56. Keller, A., Litzelman, K., Wisk, L. E., Maddox, T., Cheng, E. R., Creswell, P. D. & Witt, W. P. (2012). Does the perception that stress affects health matter? The association with health and mortality. Health Psychology, 31(5), 677−684. DOI: 10.1037/a0026743 Kracke, F., Vassilev, I. & Krömer, J. O. (2015). Microbial electron transport and energy conservation − the foundation for optimizing bioelectrochemical systems. Frontiers in Microbiology, 6, 575. Kutlu, H. R., Ünsal, I. & Görgülü, M. (2001). Effects of providing dietary wood (oak) charcoal to broiler chicks and laying hens. Animal Feed Science Technology, 90(3), 213−226. Lavrentyev, A., Sherne, V., Semenov, V., Zhestyanova, L. & Mikhaylova, L. (2021). Use of activated charcoal feed supplement in diets of pigs. Earth and Environmental Science, 935. Lee, J. J., Park, S. H, Jung, D. S., Choi, Y. I. & Choi, J. S. (2011). Meat quality and storage characteristics of finishing pigs by feeding stevia and charcoal. Korean Journal for Food Science of Animal Resources, 31(2), 296−303. Leng, R. A. (2013). Interactions between microbial consortia in biofilms: a paradigm shift in rumen microbial ecology and enteric methane mitigation. Perspectives on Animal Biosciences. Animal Production Science, 54(5), 519−543. https://doi.org/10.1071/AN13381 Leng, R. A., Inthapanya, S. & Preston, T. R. (2012). Biochar reduces enteric methane and improves growth and feed conversion in local "Yellow" cattle fed cassava root chips and fresh cassava foliage. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 24, 11. Li, Y., Yu, S., Strong, J. & Wang, H. (2012). Are the biogeochemical cycles of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus driven by the "FeIII-FeII redox wheel" in dynamic redox environments? Journal of Soils and Sediments, 12(5), 683−693. Louis, A., Mohammed, A., Andreas, B. & Regina, R. (2018). Influence of dietary wood charcoal on growth performance, nutrient efficiency and excreta quality of male broiler chickens. International Journal of Livestock Production, 9(10), 286−292. Mabe, L. T., Su, S., Tang, D., Zhu, W., Wang, S. & Dong, Z. (2018). The effect of dietary bamboo charcoal supplementation on growth and serum biochemical parameters of juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Aquaculture Research, 49(3), 1142−1152. Maenz, D. D. & Classen, H. L. (1998). Phytase activity in the small intestinal brush border membrane of the chicken. Poultry Science, 77, 557−563. Majewska, T., Mikulski, D. & Siwik, T. (2009). Silica grit, charcoal and hardwood ash in turkey nutrition. Journal of Elements, 14, 489−500. Majewska, T., Pyrek, D. & Faruga, A. (2011). A note on the effect of charcoal supplementation on the performance of Big 6 heavy torn turkeys. Journal of Animal Feed Science, 11, 135−141. McFarlane, Z. D., Myer, P. R., Cope, E. R., Evans, N. D., Bone, T. C., Bliss, B. E. & Mulliniks, J. T. (2017). Effect of biochar type and size on in vitro rumen fermentation of orchard grass hay. West Central Research and Extension Center, North Platte. 110 McHenry, J. M. (2010). There is no trade-off between speed and force in a lever system. Biology Letters, 7(6), 878−879. McKenzie, R. A. (1991). Bentonite as therapy for Lantana camara poisoning of cattle. Medical Toxicology and Adverse Drug Experience, 3(1), 33−58. McLennan, M. W. & Amos, M. L. (1989). Treatment of lantana poisoning in cattle [Lantana camara; activated charcoal]. Australia Veterinarian Journal, 4(3), 45. Mekbungwan, A., Yamauchi, K. & Sakaida, T. (2004b). Intestinal villus histological alterations in piglets fed dietary charcoal powder including wood vinegar compound liquid. Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia, 33(1), 11−16. Mekbungwan, A. Thongwittaya, N. & Yamauchi, K. (2004a). Digestibility of soyabean and pigeon pea seed meals and morphological intestinal alterations in pigs. Journal of Veterinary and Medical Sciences, 66(6), 627−633. Mézes, M., Balogh, K. & Tóth, K. (2010). Preventive and therapeutic methods against the toxic effects of mycotoxins − a review. Acta Veterinaria Hungarica, 58(1), 1−17. Misihairabgwi, J. M., Ezekiel, C. N., Sulyok, M., Shephard, G. S. & Krska, R. (2017) Mycotoxin contamination of foods in Southern Africa: A 10-year review (2007 – 2016). Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 59(1), 43−58. DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1357003 Naumann, H. D., Muir, J. P., Lambert, B. D., Tedeschi, L. O. & Kothmann, M. M. (2013). Condensed tannins in the ruminant environment: a perspective on biological activity. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 1, 8−20. Neuvonen, P. J. & Olkkola, K. T. (1988). Oral activated charcoal in the treatment of intoxications. Journal of Animal Science, 83(8), 1939−1947. O'Toole, A., Andersson, D., Gerlach, A., Glaser, B., Kammann, C. I., Kern, J., Kuoppamäki, K., Piva, A., Casadei, G., Pagliuca, G., Cabassi, E., Galvano, F., Solfrizzo, M., Riley, R. T. & Diaz, D. E. (2005). Qualitative analysis of volatile organic compounds on biochar. Chemosphere, 85(5), 869−882. Odunsi, A. A., Oladele, T. O., Olaiya, A. O. & Onifade, O. S. (2007). Response of broiler chickens to wood charcoal and vegetable oil based diets. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 3(5), 572−575. Oso, A. O., Akapo, O., Sanwo, K. A. & Bamgbose, A. M. (2014). Utilization of unpeeled cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) root meal supplemented with or without charcoal by broiler chickens. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 98, 431−438. Phongphanith, S. & Preston, T. R. (2018). Effect of rice-wine distillers' byproduct and biochar on growth performance and methane emissions in local "Yellow" cattle fed ensiled cassava root, urea, cassava foliage and rice straw. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 28, 178. Pirarat, N., Pinpimai, K., Endo, M., Katagiri, T., Ponpornpisit, A., Chansue, N. & Maita, M. (2011). Modulation of intestinal morphology and immunity in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. Research in Veterinary Science, 91, 92−97. Piva, A., Casadei, G., Pagliuca, G., Cabassi, E., Galvano, F., Solfrizzo, M., Riley, R. T. & Diaz, D. E. (2005). Qualitative analysis of volatile organic compounds on biochar. Chemosphere, 85(5), 869−882. Prasai, T. P., Walsh, K. B., Bhattarai, S. P., Midmore, D. J., Van, T. T. H., Moore, R. J. & Stanley, D. (2016b). Biochar, bentonite and zeolite supplemented feeding of layer chickens alters intestinal microbiota and reduces campylobacter load. PLOS ONE, 11(4), 406. Prasai, T. P., Walsh, K. B., Bhattarai, S. P., Midmore, D. J., Van, T. T., Moore, R. J. & Stanley, D., (2016a). Biochar, bentonite and zeolite supplemented feeding of layer chickens alters intestinal microbiota and reduces Campylobacter Load, PLOS ONE, 11(4), 0154061. Quaiyum, M., Jahan, R., Jahan, N., Akhter, T. & Islam, M. S. (2014). Effects of bamboo charcoal added feed on reduction of ammonia and growth of Pangasius hypophthalmus. Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development, 5, 69−76. Radostits, O. M., Gay, C. C., Blood, D. C. & Hinchcliff, K. W. (2000). Veterinary Medicine: A textbook of cattle, sheep, pigs, goats and horses, nona edizione. Saunders, London, UK. Rafiu, T. A., Babatunde, G. M., Akinwumi, A. O., Akinboro, A., Adegoke, Z. A. & Oyelola, O. B. (2014). Assessment of activated charcoal vs synthetic toxin-binder on performance, nutrient utilization and meat-quality utilization of broilers fed infected diets. International Journal of Agriculture and Biosciences, 3(5), 219−224. Rao, S. V. R., Raju, M. V. L. N., Reddy, M. R. & Panda, A. K. 2004. Replacement of yellow maize with pearl millet (Pennisetum typhoides), foxtail millet (Setaria italica) or finger millet (Eleusine coracana) in broiler chicken diets containing supplemental enzymes. Asian-Australian Journal Animimal Sciences, 17(6), 836−842. Rao, S. B. N. & Chopra, R. C. (2001). Influence of sodium bentonite and activated charcoal on aflatoxin M1 excretion in milk of goats. Small Ruminant Research, 41(3), 203−213. Totusek, R. & W. M. Beeson, W. M. (1953). The Nutritive Value of Wood Charcoal for Pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 12(2), 271−281. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1953.122271x Ruttanavut, J., Yamauchi, K., Goto, H. & Erikawa, T. (2009). Effects of dietary bamboo charcoal powder including vinegar liquid on growth performance and histological intestinal change in Aigamo ducks. International Journal of Poultry Science, 8(3), 229−236. Saleem, M., Law, A. D., Sahib, M. R., Pervaiz, Z. H. & Zhang, Q. (2018). Impact of root system architecture on rhizosphere and root microbiome. Rhizosphere, 6, 47−51. Scharman, E. J., Cloonan, H. A. & Durback-Morris, L. F. (2001). Home administration of charcoal: can mothers administer a therapeutic dose? The Journal of Emergency Medicine, 21(4), 357−361. Schirrmann, U. (1984). Aktivkohle und ihre Wirkung auf Bakterien und deren Toxine im Gastrointestinaltrakt. Silivong, P. & Preston, T. R. (2016). Supplements of water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) and biochar improved feed intake, digestibility, N retention and growth performance of goats fed foliage of Bauhinia acuminata as the basal diet. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 28, 113. Sivilai, B., Preston, T. R., Leng, R. A., Hang, D. T. & Linh, N. Q. (2018). Rice distillers' byproduct and biochar as additives to a forage-based diet for growing Moo Lath pigs; effects on growth and feed conversion. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 30, 113. Soo, J., Malik, B. A., Turner, J. M., Persad, R., Wine, E., Siminoski, K. & Huynh, H. Q. (2013). Use of exclusive enteral nutrition is just as effective as corticosteroids in newly diagnosed pediatric Crohn's disease. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 58(12), 3584−3591. DOI: 10.1007/s10620-013-2855-y. Epub 2013 Sep 12. PMID: 24026403. Spokas, K. A., Novak, J. M., Stewart, C. E., Cantrell, K. B., Uchimiya, M., DuSaire, M. G. & Ro, K. S. (2011). Qualitative analysis of volatile organic compounds on biochar. Chemosphere, 85, 869−882. Steiner, C., Das, K. C., Melear, N. & Lakly, D. (2010). Reducing nitrogen loss during poultry litter composting using biochar. Journal of Environment Quality, 39(4), 1236. Steiner, C., Teixeira, W. G., Lehmann, J., Nehls, T., de Macêdo, J. L. V., Blum, W. E. & Zech, W. (2007). Long term effects of manure, charcoal and mineral fertilization on crop production and fertility on a highly weathered Central Amazonian upland soil. Plant and Soil, 291(1), 275−290. Struhsaker, T. T., Cooney, D. O. & Siex, K. S. (1997). Charcoal consumption by Zanzibar red colobus monkeys: its function and its ecological and demographic consequences. International Journal of Primatology, 18(1), 61–72. Sun, J., Hippo, E. J., Marsh, H., O'Brien, W. S. & Crelling, J. C. (1997). Activated carbon produced from an Illinois Basin 1080 Coal. Carbon, 35, 341−352. Moe, T. Shunsuke, K., Manabu, I. & Yokoyama Saichiro, Y. (2010). Effects of Supplementation of Dietary Bamboo Charcoal on Growth Performance and Body Composition of Juvenile Japanese Flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 255−262. Toth, J. D. & Dou, Z. (2016). Use and Impact of Biochar and Charcoal in Animal Production Systems. In Guo, M., He, Z. and Uchimiya, M., Eds., Agricultural and Environmental Applications of Biochar: Advances and Barriers, Soil Science Society of America, Inc., Madison, 199−224. Van Der Zee, F. P. & Cervantes, F. J. (2009). Impact and application of electron shuttles on the redox (bio) transformation of contaminants: a review. Biotechnology Advances, 27(3), 256−277. Van Der Zee, F. P., Bisschops, I. A. E., Lettinga, G. & Field, J. A. (2003). Activated carbon as an electron acceptor and redox mediator during the anaerobic biotransformation of azo dyes. Environmental Science and Technology, 37(2), 402−408. Van, D. T. T., Mui, N. T. & Ledin, I. (2006). Effect of method of processing foliage of Acacia mangium and inclusion of bamboo charcoal in the diet on performance of growing goats. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 30(3−4), 242−256. Weber, K. & Quicker, P. G. (2018). Properties of biochar. Fuel, 217, 240−261. Wild, M., Folini, D., Hakuba, M. Z., Schar, C., Seneviratne, S. I., Kato, S. Rutan, D., Ammann, C., Wood, E. F. & Kong-Langlo, G. (2015). The energy balance over land and oceans: an assessment based on direct observations and CMIP5 climate models. Climate Dynamics, 44, 3393−3429. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2430-z Wittstock, U. & Gershenzon, J. (2002). Constitutive plant toxins and their role in defense against herbivores and pathogens. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 5(4), 300−307. DOI: 10.1016/s1369-5266(02)00264-9. PMID: 12179963. Youssef, M. A., El-Khodery, S. A., El-deeb, W. M. & El-Amaiem, W. E. A. (2010). Ketosis in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis): clinical findings and the associated oxidative stress level. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 42, 1771−1777. Yu, L., Yuan, Y., Tang, J., Wang, Y. & Zhou, S. (2015). Biochar as an electron shuttle for reductive dechlorination of pentachlorophenol by Geobacter sulfurreducens. Scientific Reports, 5(1), 1−10.

Yaşlılık döneminin başlangıcı Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’ne göre 65 yaş kabul edilmektedir. Yaşlanma her canlıda görülen, tüm işlevlerde azalmaya neden olan süreğen ve evrensel bir süreçtir. Yaşlı ölümleri, ölüm nedenleri açısından değerlendirildiğinde toplumun sağlık önceliklerinin belirlenmesinde yardımcı olur. Çalışmada 2005-2009 yılları arasında Denizli ilinde meydana gelen 65 yaş ve üstü adli ölüm olguları cinsiyet, yaş, ölüm nedeni, orijini, ölüm yeri yönünden değerlendirildi. Bu amaçla belirlenen süre içerisinde Pamukkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Adli Tıp Anabilim Dalı tarafından yapılmış otopsilere ait kayıtlar retrospektif olarak incelendi. Bu süreçte, adli otopsi yapılan 1324 olgunun %18,95’inin (n:251) yaşlı ölümlerinden oluştuğu görüldü. 175’i erkek, 76’sı kadındı. Yaş ortalaması 74,75 + 6,63 idi. Kazaya bağlı ölümlerin ilk sırada yer aldığı, bunu doğal ölümlerin izlediği görüldü. Doğal ölümler içerisinde kardiyovasküler sistem hastalıkları en sık ölüm nedeniydi. Medikolegal otopsilerin uygun koşullarda ve mutlaka adli tıp uzmanı tarafından yapılması halinde yaşlı ölümleri ile ilgili pek çok veri sağlayabileceği anlaşılmaktadır. Bu çalışmalardan elde edilecek bilgilerle, ölüm nedenlerinin ve orijinlerinin tespit edilmesi önlenebilir nedenlerin ortadan kaldırılabilmesinde yardımcı olabilir.Anahtar kelimeler: Yaşlılık, ölüm nedenleri, adli tıp

Abstract. Data from two Voluntary Observing Ship (VOS) (2005–2007) augmented with data subsets from ten cruises (1987–2005) were used to investigate the spatiotemporal variations of the CO2 fugacity in seawater (fCO2sw) in the North Sea at seasonal and inter-annual time scales. The observed seasonal fCO2sw variations were related to variations in sea surface temperature (SST), biology plus mixing, and air-sea CO2 exchange. Over the study period, the seasonal amplitude in fCO2sw induced by SST changes was 0.4–0.75 times those resulting from variations in biology plus mixing. Along a meridional transect, fCO2sw normally decreased northwards (−12 μatm per degree latitude), but the gradient disappeared/reversed during spring as a consequence of an enhanced seasonal amplitude of fCO2sw in southern parts of the North Sea. Along a zonal transect, a weak gradient (−0.8 μatm per degree longitude) was observed in the annual mean fCO2sw. Annually and averaged over the study area, surface waters of the North Sea were CO2 undersaturated and, thus, a sink of atmospheric CO2. However, during summer, surface waters in the region 55.5–54.5° N were CO2 supersaturated and, hence, a source for atmospheric CO2. Comparison of fCO2sw data acquired within two 1°×1° regions in the northern and southern North Sea during different years (1987, 2001, 2002, and 2005–2007) revealed large interannual variations, especially during spring and summer when year-to-year fCO2sw differences (≈160–200 μatm) approached seasonal changes (≈200–250 μatm). The springtime variations resulted from changes in magnitude and timing of the phytoplankton bloom, whereas changes in SST, wind speed and total alkalinity may have contributed to the summertime interannual fCO2sw differences. The lowest interannual variation (10–50 μatm) was observed during fall and early winter. Comparison with data reported in October 1967 suggests that the fCO2sw growth rate in the central North Sea was similar to that in the atmosphere.

Abstract. Data from two Voluntary Observing Ship (VOS) (MS Trans Carrier and MV Nuka Arctica), acquired along one zonal and one meridional transect (2005–2007) augmented with data subsets from ten cruises (1987–2005) were used to investigate the spatio-temporal variations of the CO2 fugacity in seawater (fCO2sw) in the North Sea at seasonal and inter-annual time scales. The observed seasonal fCO2sw variations were related to variations in sea surface temperature (SST), biology plus mixing, and air-sea CO2 exchange. Over the study period, the seasonal amplitude in fCO2sw induced by SST changes was 0.4–0.75 times those resulting from variations in biology plus mixing. Along the meridional transect, fCO2sw normally decreased northwards (−12 μatm per degree latitude), but the gradient disappeared/reversed during spring as a consequence of an enhanced seasonal amplitude of fCO2sw in southern parts of the North Sea. Along the zonal transect, a weak gradient (−0.8 μatm per degree longitude) was observed in the mean annual fCO2sw. Annually and averaged over the study area, surface waters of the North Sea were CO2 undersaturated and thus a sink of atmospheric CO2 throughout the year. However, during summer, surface waters in the region 55.5–54.5° N were CO2 supersaturated and, hence, a source for atmospheric CO2. Comparison of fCO2sw data acquired within two 1°×1° regions in the northern and southern North Sea during different years (1987, 2001, 2002, and 2005–2007) revealed large interannual variations, especially during spring and summer when year-to-year fCO2sw differences (≈160–200 μatm) approached seasonal changes (≈200–250 μatm). The springtime variations resulted from changes in magnitude and timing of the phytoplankton bloom, whereas changes in SST, wind speed, and total alkalinity may have contributed to the summertime interannual fCO2sw differences. The lowest interannual variation (10–50 μatm) was observed during fall and early winter. The comparison with data reported in October 1967 suggests that the fCO2sw growth rate in the central North Sea is similar to that in the atmosphere.

Technology has always existed not for recently. For ages, its effect has occurred on society, economy and politics and evolution of technology is closely related to human development. Accordingly, human needs and desires are satisfied with technological knowledge and problem solving which is seemed as innovative change (International Technology Education Association [ITEA], 2005). However, nature and scope of technology which is a very important place in our lives is not fully understood (Aydın & Karacam, 2015; Bybee, 2010; DiGironimo, 2011; ITEA, 2006). Researches about nature of technology showed that technology in people's minds remains just as electric products, such as phones or computers (DeVries, 2003; Lewis, 1999; Volk & Dugger, 2005). Technology should be considered as a whole not one thing that separates the parts (Williams, 2000; Yıldız & Baltacı, 2016). Understanding nature of technology is possible with only education completely. Since there are limited studies about nature of technology in science education (e.g., Liou, 2015) and is no required number of scales especially in Turkish language, this study is needed. For all of these needs to be resolved, the purpose of this study is to adapt ‘Nature of Technology Scale’ into Turkish. The sample consisted of 255 pre-service science teachers who enrolled in the faculty of education of a university in Turkey. In the study, as an instrument, ‘The Student Concepts of the Nature of Technology Questionnaire’ developed by Liou (2015) was used. The data in this study were collected in the 2015-2016 spring semester. Data were analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method. According to findings, our data results showed that this study is suitable for Turkish adaptation of scale (CMın/Df, 1.52, GFI, .94, NFI, .92, RMSEA, .04, CFI, .95). Turkish form of the scale has 29 items that fall under 6 factors.

e4275120This text aims to analyze the tensions that were marked in the professional development of a literacy teacher when entering a public school system. Initially, some conceptions of a beginning teacher present in the literature are presented and the historical-cultural perspective is adopted as a theoretical framework, with the studies of Yves Clot and collaborators on the teaching activity, the professional gender of the teacher. The data consists of different narratives of the teacher: memorial of formation in the master's dissertation, written and oral narratives produced during her participation in the Education Observatory Program and a narrative produced specifically for research. The analysis focuses on three thematic units: entering the career; tensions between academic education and the real teaching activity; and the collective of the work. The analysis points to signs of a development marked by advances and moments of professional fulfillment, but also of setbacks and anxieties, especially when the teacher reflects on her academic background, countering her power to act with students in the literacy process. His moments of tension stand out when he entered a peripheral school with adverse working conditions and without the support of school management, culminating in illness. The curbing of the teacher's power to act causes atrophies in the professional genre, mainly due to the absence of a work group in schools.ResumoEste texto objetiva analisar as tensões que foram marcantes no desenvolvimento profissional de uma professora dos anos iniciais, ao ingressar numa rede pública de ensino. Inicialmente apresentam-se algumas concepções de professor iniciante, presentes na literatura, e adota-se a perspectiva histórico-cultural como quadro teórico, com os estudos de Yves Clot e colaboradores sobre a atividade docente, o gênero profissional do professor. Os dados consistem de diferentes narrativas da professora: memorial de formação na dissertação de mestrado, narrativas escritas e orais produzidas durante sua participação no Programa Observatório da Educação e uma narrativa produzida especificamente para a pesquisa. A análise centra-se em três unidades temáticas: ingresso na carreira; tensões entre a formação acadêmica e o real da atividade docente; e o coletivo de trabalho. A análise aponta indícios de um desenvolvimento marcado por avanços e por momentos de realização profissional, mas também por retrocessos e angústias, principalmente quando a professora reflete sobre sua formação acadêmica, contrapondo-se com seu poder de agir com os alunos no processo de alfabetização. Destacam-se os seus momentos de tensão, ao ingressar numa escola periférica com condições de trabalho adversas e sem o apoio da gestão escolar, culminando em adoecimento.Palavras-chave: Condições do trabalho docente, Desenvolvimento profissional, Carreira do magistério, Escola pública.Keywords: Teaching working conditions, Professional development, Teaching career, Public school.ReferencesANDRÉ, M. Políticas de apoio aos docentes em estados e municípios brasileiros: dilemas na formação de professores. Educar em Revista, Editora UFPR, Curitiba, n. 50, p. 35-49, out./dez. 2013.ANDRÉ, M.; CALIL, A. M. G.; MARTINS, F. P.; PEREIRA, M. A. L. O papel do outro na constituição da profissionalidade de professoras iniciantes. Revista Eletrônica de Educação, v.11, n.2, p. 505-520, jun./ago. 2017.ANJOS, D. D. Como foi começar a ensinar? Histórias de professoras, histórias da profissão docente. 2006. 178p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) – Faculdade de Educação, Unicamp; FAPESP, Campinas, 2006.ANJOS, D. D. Experiência docente e desenvolvimento profissional: condições e demandas no trabalho de ensinar. In: SMOLKA, A. L. B; NOGUEIRA, A. L. H. (org.). Questões de desenvolvimento humano: práticas e sentidos. 1. ed. Campinas: Mercado de Letras, 2010. v. 1, p. 129-149.ARROYO, M.G. Ofício de Mestre: imagens e auto-imagens. 6.ed. Petrópolis, RJ: Vozes, 2002. 251p.CASTRO, V. D. Sobre-vivências na escola pública: memórias, registros e narrativas de uma professora. 2020. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) – Faculdade de Educação, Unicamp, Campinas, 2020.CERICATO, Itale Luciane. Sentidos e Significados da Docência, segundo uma Professora Iniciante. Educação & Realidade, vol. 42, núm. 2, 2017. Disponível em: <https://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2175-62362017000200729&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=pt&ORIGINALLANG=pt>. Acesso em 29 de maio.CLOT, Y. A função psicológica do trabalho. Petrópolis: Vozes, 2006. CLOT, Y. Trabalho e poder de agir. Belo Horizonte: Fabrefactum, 2010.CLOT, Y.; LITIM, M. Activité, santé et collectif de travail. Pratiques psychologiques, Paris, v. 14, n.1, p. 101-114, mars 2008.CORSI, A. M. O início da construção da profissão docente: analisando dificuldades enfrentadas por professoras de séries iniciais. São Carlos, 2002. (Dissertação de mestrado) – Faculdade de Educação, Ufscar.FACCI, M. G. D. Valorização ou esvaziamento do trabalho do professor? Um estudo crítico comparativo da teoria do professor reflexivo, do construtivismo e da psicologia vigotskiana. 1. ed. Campinas: Autores Associados, 2004. 292p.FERREIRINHO, V. C. Práticas de socialização de professores iniciantes na carreira. Quem é o iniciante? In: REUNIÃO ANUAL DA ANPED, 28., 2005, Caxambu, MG. Anais [...]. 2005. p. 1-17.FONTANA, R. A. C. Trabalho e subjetividade. Nos rituais de iniciação, a constituição do ser professora. Caderno CEDES, Campinas, SP, v. 20, n. 50, p.103-119, abr. 2000.FRAUENDORF, R. B. S.; PACHECO, D. Q.; CHAUTX, G. C. C.; PRADO, G. V.T. Mais além de uma história: a narrativa como possibilidade de autoformação. Revista Educação PUC-Camp., Campinas, SP, v. 21, n. 3, p.351-361, set./dez. 2016.GIOVANNI, Luciana Maria; GUARNIERI, Maria Regina. Pesquisas sobre professores iniciantes e as tendências atuais de reforma da formação de professores: distância, ambiguidades e tensões. In: GIOVANNI, Luciana Maria; MARIN, Alda Junqueira (Org.). Professores iniciantes: diferentes necessidades em diferentes contextos. Araraquara, SP: Junqueira & Marin, 2014, p. 5-12.HUBERMAN, M. O ciclo de vida profissional dos professores. In: NÓVOA, A. (org.). Vidas de professores. 2. ed. Porto: Porto, 2007. p. 31-61.LÜDKE, M.; BOING, L. A. O trabalho docente nas páginas de Educação & Sociedade em seus (quase) 100 números. Educação & Sociedade, Campinas, v. 28, n.100, Especial, p. 1179-1201, 2007.OLIVEIRA, M. K.; REGO, T. C.; AQUINO, J. G. Desenvolvimento psicológico e constituição de subjetividades: ciclos de vida, narrativas autobiográficas e tensões da contemporaneidade. Pro-Posições, Campinas, SP, v.17, n. 2, p. 119-138, 2006.PAPI, S. O. G.; MARTINS, P. L. O. As pesquisas sobre professores iniciantes: algumas aproximações. Educação em Revista, Belo Horizonte, v. 26, n. 3, p.39-56, dez. 2010.PINO, A. O social e o cultural na obra de Vigotski. Educação & Sociedade, Campinas/SP, ano XXI, n.71, p. 45-78, jul. 2000.ROGER, J. L. Refaire son métier. Essais de clinique de l'activité. 1. ed. Toulouse: Érès, 2007. 252 p.ROMANOWSKI, Joana Paulin; OLIVER MARTINS, Pura Lúcia. Desafios da formação de professores iniciantes. Páginas de Educación, Montevideo , v. 6, n. 1, p. 83-96, jun. 2013 . Disponível em <http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1688-74682013000100005&lng=es&nrm=iso>. Acesso em 29 maio 2020.SAUJAT, F. Spécificités de l’activité d’enseignants débutants et genres de l’activité professorale. Polifonia – Revista do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estudos de Linguagem, UFM, Cuiabá: Editora Universitária, ano 7, v. 8, n. 8, 2004.Vieira, H. M. M. Como vou aprendendo a ser professora depois da formatura: análise do tornar-se professora na prática da docência. São Carlos, 2002. (Tese de doutorado) - Faculdade de Educação, Ufscar.VIGOTSKI, L. S. Manuscrito de 1929. Educação & Sociedade, Campinas, SP, ano XXI, n. 71, p. 21-44, jul. 2000.

The concept of plants and microbes utilization for remediation measure of pollutant contaminated soil is the newest development in term of petroleum waste management technique. The research objective was to obtain wild grass types and hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria which are capable to synergize in decreasing petroleum concentration within petroleum contaminated soil. This research was conducted by using randomized completely block design. This research was conducted by using randomized completely block design. The first factor treatments were consisted of without plant, Tridax procumbens grass and Lepironia mucronata grass. The second factor treatments were consisted of without bacterium, single bacterium of Alcaligenes faecalis, single bacterium of Pseudomonas alcaligenes, and mixed bacteria of Alcaligenes faecalis with P. alcaligenes. The results showed that mixed bacteria (A. faecalis and P. alcaligenes) were capable to increase the crown and roots dry weights of these two grasses, bacteria population, percentage of TPH (total petroleum hydrocarbon) decrease as well as TPH decrease and better pH value than that of single bacterium. The highest TPH decrease with magnitude of 70.1% was obtained on treatment of L. mucronata grass in combination with mixed bacteria.[How to Cite: Gofar N. 2013.Synergism of Wild Grass and Hydrocarbonoclastic Bacteria in Petroleum Biodegradation. J Trop Soils 18 (2): 161-168. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.161][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.161]REFERENCESBello YM. 2007. Biodegradation of Lagoma crude oil using pig dung. Afr J Biotechnol 6: 2821-2825.Gerhardt KE, XD Huang, BR Glick and BM Greenberg. 2009. Phytoremediation and rhizoremediation of organic soil contaminants: Potential and challenges. Plant Sci 176: 20-30.Glick BR. 2010. Using soil bacteria to facilitate phytoremediation. Biotechnol Adv 28: 367-374. Gofar N. 2011. Characterization of petroleum hydrocarbon decomposing fungi isolated from mangrove rhizosphere. J Trop Soils 16(1): 39-45. doi: 10.5400/jts.2011.16.1.39Gofar N. 2012. Aplikasi isolat bakteri hidrokarbonoklastik asal rhizosfer mangrove pada tanah tercemar minyak bumi. J Lahan Suboptimal 1: 123-129 (in Indonesian). Hong WF, IJ Farmayan, CY Dortch, SK Chiang and JL Schnoor. 2001. Environ Sci Technol 35: 1231.Khashayar T and T Mahsa. 2010. Biodegradation potential of petroleum hydrocarbons by bacterial diversity in soil. Morld App Sci J 8: 750-755.Lal B and S Khanna. 1996. Degradation of Crude Oil by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and Alcaligenes odorans, J Appl Bacteriol 81: 355- 362.Mackova M, D Dowling and T Macek. 2006. Phytoremediation and rhizoremediation: Theoretical background. Springer, Dordrecht, Netherlands. 300 p. Malik ZA and S Ahmed. 2012. Degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by oil field isolated bacterial consortium. Afr J Biotechnol 11: 650-658.Mendez MO and RM Maier. 2008. Phytostabilization of mine tailings in arid and semiarid environment an emerging remediation technology. Environ Health Prospect 116: 278-283.Milic JS, VP Beskoski, MV Ilic, SM Ali, GDJ Cvijovic and MM Vrvic. 2009. Bioremediation of soil heavily contaminated with crude oil and its products: composition of the microbial consortium. J Serb Chem Soc 74: 455-460.Mukre AM, AA Hamid, A Hamzah and WM Yusoff. 2008. Development of three bacteria consortium for the bioremediation of crude petroleum-oil in contaminated water. J Biol Sci 8: 73-79.Ndimele PE. 2010. A review on the phytioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon. Pakistan J Biol Sci 12: 715-722.Newman LA and CM Reynolds. 2004. Phytoremediation of organic compounds. Curr Opin Biotechnol 15: 225-230.Onwuka F, N Nwachoko, and E Anosike. 2012. Determination of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) and some cations (Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+) in a crude oil polluted soil and possible phytoremediation by Cynodon dactylon L (Bermuda grass). J Environ Earth Sci 2: 12-17.Pezeshki SR, MW Hester, Q Lin and JA Nyman. 2000. The effect of oil spill and clean-up on dominant US Gulf Coast Marsh Macrophytes: a review. Environ Pollution 108: 129-139.Pikoli MR, P Aditiawati and DI Astuti. 2000. Isolasi bertahap dan identifikasi isolat bakteri termofilik pendegradasi minyak bumi dari sumur bangko. Laporan Penelitian pada Jurusan Biologi, ITB, Bandung (unpublished, in Indonesian).Pilon-Smits E and JL Freeman. 2006. Environmental cleanup using plants: biotechnological advances and ecological considerations. Front Ecol Environ 4: 203-10. Rahman KSM, JT Rahman, P Lakshmanaperumalsamy, and IM Banat. 2002. Towards efficient crude oil degradation by a mixed bacterial consortium. Bioresource Technol 85: 257-261.Rossiana N. 2004. Oily Sludge Bioremediation with Zeolite and Microorganism and It’s Test with Albizia Plant (Paraserianthes falcataria) L (Nielsen). Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Department of Biology Padjadjaran University, Bandung (unpublished).Rossiana, N. 2005. Penurunan Kandungan Logam Berat dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria L (Nielsen) Bermikoriza dalam Media Limbah Lumpur Minyak Hasil Ekstraksi. Laboratorium Mikrobiologi dan Biologi Lingkungan Jurusan Biologi Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Padjajaran, Bandung (in Indonesian).Sathishkumar M, B Arthur Raj, B Sang-Ho, and Y Sei-Eok. 2008. Biodegradation of crude oil by individual bacterial strains and a mixed bacterial consortium isolated from hydrocarbon contaminated areas clean. Ind J Biotechnol 36: 92-96.Shirdam R, AD Zand, GN Bidhendi and N Mehrdadi. 2008. Phytoremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils with emphasis on effect of petroleum hydrocarbons on the growth of plant species. Phytoprotection 89: 21-29.Singer AC, DE Crowley and IP Thompson. 2003. Secondary plant metabolites in phytoremediation and biotransformation. Trends Biotechnol 21: 123-130.Singh A and OP Ward. 2004. Applied Bioremediation and Phytoremediation. Springler, Berlin, 281p.Surtikanti H and W Surakusumah. 2004. Peranan Tanaman dalam Proses Bioremediasi Oli Bekas dalam Tanah Tercemar. Ekol Biodivers Trop 2: 48-52 (in Indonesian).Wenzel WW. 2009. Rhizosphere processes and management in plant-assisted bioremediation (phytoremediation) of soil. Plant Soil 321: 385-408.Widjajanti H, I Anas, N Gofar and MR Ridho. 2010. Screening of petroleum hydrocarbons degrading bacteria as a bioremediating agents from mangrove areas. Proceeding of International Seminar, workshop on integrated lowland development and management, pp. C7 1-9.Widjajanti H. 2012. Bioremediasi Minyak Bumi Menggunakan Bakteri dan Kapang Hidrokarbonoklastik dari Kawasan Mangrove Tercemar Minyak Bumi. [Disertasi]. Universitas Sriwijaya (in Indonesian).

This article recovers the experience of dialogues on the literacy of adults and elders in the state of Paraná. This experience was part of a seminar held by the Secretary of Education of the State of Paraná for literacy teachers, literacy students and indigenous and quilombola leaders, and took place in Faxinal do Céu in 2008. With the advancement of educational policies for quilombos in all levels, from basic education to higher education, it is believed that recovering the memory of this education process that is little reflected - adult and elderly literacy - becomes important as a memory and projection of the future about how quilombola populations , to some extent, have been subjects of their struggle for schooling for a long time. It is also considered that the social and political conjunctures are now favorable and sometimes unfavorable. In this sense, the registration of the built is a powerful instrument of claiming rights not fully achieved, mainly, education and schooling processes with other ethno-racial, generational, historical and cultural nuances.ResumoEste artigo recupera a experiência de diálogos sobre a alfabetização de adultos e idosos quilombolas no estado do Paraná. Tal experiência fez parte de um seminário realizado pela Secretaria de Educação do Estado do Paraná destinado a alfabetizadores/as, alfabetizandos/as e lideranças indígenas e quilombolas e ocorreu em Faxinal do Céu, em 2008. Com o avanço das politicas educacionais para quilombos em todos os níveis, da educação básica ao ensino superior, acredita-se que recuperar a memória deste processo de educação que pouco é refletido - alfabetização de adultos e idosos -, torna-se importante enquanto memória e projeção de futuro acerca do modo como as populações quilombolas, em alguma medida, se constituem sujeitos de sua luta por escolarização, há um longo tempo. Considera-se, também, que as conjunturas sociais e políticas, são ora favoráveis e ora desfavoráveis. Nesse sentido, o registro do construído é um potente instrumento de reivindicação de direitos não alcançados na sua totalidade, principalmente, de processos de educação e escolarização com outros matizes étnico-raciais, geracionais, históricos e culturais.Keywords: Literacy, Adults, Elderly, Quilombos.Palavras-chave: Alfabetização, Adultos, Idosos, Quilombos.ReferencesALMEIDA, Alfredo Wagner Berno de. Terras de quilombo, terras indígenas, “babaçuais livres”, “castanhais do povo”, faxinais e fundos de pasto: terras tradicionalmente ocupadas. Coleção “Tradição & Ordenamento Jurídico”. Vol.2, Projeto Nova Cartografia Social da Amazônia (PPGSCA-UFAM, Fundação Ford), Manaus, 2006.ANDERSON, Benedict. Comunidades imaginadas: reflexões sobre a origem e a expansão do nacionalismo. 1.ed. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2008.ANDREOLLA, Balduino. Paulo Freire e Educação Básica do Campo. Anaisda II Conferência Estadual “Por uma educação básica do campo”, abril de 2002, Porto Alegre, p.58 a 63.BRASIL. MEC. Parecer CNE/CEB no. 16/2012. Estabelece as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a Educação Escolar Quilombola. D.O.U. de 20/11/2012, Seção 1, Pág. 8. Disponível em:http://etnicoracial.mec.gov.br/images/pdf/diretrizes_curric_educ_quilombola.pdf Acesso em: 22/12/2017.COUTO, Mia. Um rio chamado tempo, uma casa chamada terra. São Paulo: Cia das Letras, 2003.COUTO, Mia. O outro pé da sereia. São Paulo: Cia das Letras, 2006.CUCHE, Denys. A noção de cultura nas ciências sociais. 2.ed. Bauru(SP): EDUSC, 2002.DA MATTA, Roberto da. Relativizando: uma introdução à antropologia social. São Paulo: Rocco Ed., 2005.ELIAS, Norbert. Sobre o tempo. México: Fondo de Cultura Econômica, 1989.FREIRE, Paulo; GUIMARÃES, Sérgio. A África ensinando a gente. São Paulo: Ed. Paz e Terra, 2003.GOMES, Flávio dos Santos. Mocambos e quilombos: uma história do campesinato negro no Brasil. 1.ed.. São Paulo: Claro Enigma, 2015.HALL, Stuart. Da diáspora: identidades e mediações culturais. Belo Horizonte: Humanitas, 2003.HAMPATÉ BÂ, Amadou. A tradição viva. In: KI-ZERBO, J. História Geral da África: metodologia e pré-história da África. São Paulo: Ática, v.1, 1980.LÉVI-STRAUSS, Claude. O pensamento selvagem. 2.ed. São Paulo: Ed. da Universidade, 1970.LOPES, Nei. Enciclopédia brasileira da diáspora africana. S. Paulo: Selo Negro Edições, 2004.MORTATTI, Maria Rosário Longo. História dos métodos de alfabetização no Brasil. Conferência proferida durante o Seminário "Alfabetização e letramento em debate", promovido pelo Departamento de Políticas de Educação Infantil e Ensino Fundamental da Secretaria de Educação Básica do Ministério da Educação, realizado em Brasília, em 27/04/2006.NUNES, Georgina Helena Lima. A construção social da infância nas políticas públicas, nos discursos científicos e nas práticas sociais. Dossiê Infância e Relações Étnico–Raciais. Revista Eletrônica de Educação, Reveduc, vol. 9, n.2, p. 615-636, 2015. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14244/198271991152NUNES, Georgina Helena Lima. Educaçã0 escolar quilombola: processos de constituição e algumas experiências. Dossiê Educação, Quilombos e Ensino de História: paradigmas e propostas. Revista da Associação Brasileira de Pesquisadores/as Negros/as (ABPN), [S.l.], v. 8, n. 18, p. 107-131, fev. 2016aNUNES, Georgina Helena Lima. Cartografias do sul do país e pedagogia para a educação escolar quilombola. In: SOUZA, Edileuza; NUNES, Georgina Helena Lima; MELO, Willivane de. Memória, territorialidade e experiências de educação escolar no Brasil. Pelotas: Editora da UFPel, 2016b.OLIVEIRA, Eduardo. Filosofia da ancestralidade: corpo e mito na filosofia da educação brasileira. Curitiba: Ed. Gráfica Popular, 2007.PRANDI, Reginaldo. Mitologia dos Orixás. São Paulo: Cia das Letras, 2001.ROLNIK, Suely. Despachos no museu: sabe-se lá o que vai acontecer... Revista São Paulo em perspectiva, 15 (3), p. 3-9, jul./set. 2001.SARAMAGO, José. A caverna. São Paulo: Ed. Paz e Terra, 2003.SILVA, Givânia Maria da. A proposta de educação do Território Quilombola de Conceição das Crioulas. 2012. 251p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação), Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Faculdade de Educação, 2012.SILVA, Vagner Gonçalves da. Candomblé e Umbanda: caminhos da devoção brasileira. 2.ed. São Paulo: Selo Negro, 2005.SKLIAR, Carlos. A invenção e a exclusão da alteridade “deficiente” a partir dos significados da normalidade. Educação e Realidade, v.24, n.2, p. 15-32, jul./dez. 1999.SODRÉ, Muniz. A verdade seduzida: por um conceito de cultura no Brasil. 3ª. ed. Rio de Janeiro: DP&A, 2005 .SOUZA, Ana Lúcia S. Negritude, letramento e uso social da oralidade. In: CAVALLEIRO, Eliane. Racismo e anti-racismo na educação: repensando nossa escola. São Paulo: Ed. Selo Negro, 2001.SOUZA, Edileuza; NUNES, Georgina Helena Lima; MELO, Willivane de. Quilombo, memória e Território: reflexões sobre a educação escolar. In: SOUZA, Edileuza; NUNES, Georgina Helena Lima; MELO, Willivane de. (Orgs.). Memória, territorialidade e experiências de educação escolar quilombola. 1ª.ed., Pelotas: Editora da UFPel, p. 20-37 2016.VASCONCELLOS, Lia Carvalho. Resenha de “Walter Benjamin: rastro, aura e história (Sabrina Seldmayer, Jaime Ginzburg – Orgs). ALEA. Rio de Janeiro. Vol. 15/1. Pág. 249-253. Jan/Jun. 2013.WILLIS, Roy (Coord.). Mitologias: Deuses, heróis e xamãs nas tradições e lendas de todo o mundo. São Paulo: PUBIFOLHA, s/d.

Parental Involvement in their children's schooling has long been recognized as a critical component of good education. This study aims to find out the relationship between socioeconomic status, interpersonal communication, and school climate with parental involvement in early childhood education. Using survey and correlational research design, data collection was carried out through accumulation techniques with tests and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used statistical analysis and multiple regressions. The findings in the socio-economic context of parents show that the measure of power is an indicator in the very high category with a total score of 5, while the measures of wealth, honour and knowledge are included in the high category with a total score of 4 in relation to parental involvement. The form of interpersonal communication, the openness of parents in responding happily to information / news received from schools about children is a finding of a significant relationship with parental involvement in early childhood education. The school climate describes the responsibility for their respective duties and roles, work support provided, and interpersonal communication relationships, parents at home and teachers at school. Keywords: Socio-economic Status, Interpersonal Communication, Climate School, Parental Involvement, Early Childhood Education References Amato, P. R. (2005). The Impact of Family Formation Change on the Cognitive, Social, and Emotional Well-Being of the Next Generation. The Future of Children, 15(2), 75–96. https://doi.org/10.1353/foc.2005.0012 Arnold, D. H., Zeljo, A., Doctoroff, G. L., & Ortiz, C. (2008). Parent Involvement in Preschool: Predictors and the Relation of Involvement to Preliteracy Development. School Psychology Review, 37(1), 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1080/02796015.2008.12087910 Barbato, C. A., Graham, E. E., & Perse, E. M. (1997). Interpersonal communication motives and perceptions of humor among elders. Communication Research Reports, 14(1), 48–57. https://doi.org/10.1080/08824099709388644 Barbato, C. A., Graham, E. E., & Perse, E. M. (2003). Communicating in the Family: An Examination of the Relationship of Family Communication Climate and Interpersonal Communication Motives. Journal of Family Communication, 3(3), 123–148. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327698JFC0303_01 Barnard, W. M. (2004). Parent involvement in elementary school and educational attainment. Children and Youth Services Review, 26(1), 39–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2003.11.002 Benner, A. D., Boyle, A. E., & Sadler, S. (2016). Parental Involvement and Adolescents’ Educational Success: The Roles of Prior Achievement and Socioeconomic Status. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 45(6), 1053–1064. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-016-0431-4 Berkowitz, R., Astor, R. A., Pineda, D., DePedro, K. T., Weiss, E. L., & Benbenishty, R. (2021). Parental Involvement and Perceptions of School Climate in California. Urban Education, 56(3), 393–423. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085916685764 Berkowitz, R., Moore, H., Astor, R. A., & Benbenishty, R. (2017). A Research Synthesis of the Associations Between Socioeconomic Background, Inequality, School Climate, and Academic Achievement. Review of Educational Research, 87(2), 425–469. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654316669821 Brand, S., Felner, R. D., Seitsinger, A., Burns, A., & Bolton, N. (2008). A large-scale study of the assessment of the social environment of middle and secondary schools: The validity and utility of teachers’ ratings of school climate, cultural pluralism, and safety problems for understanding school effects and school improvement. Journal of School Psychology, 46(5), 507–535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2007.12.001 Brand, S., Felner, R., Shim, M., Seitsinger, A., & Dumas, T. (2003). Middle school improvement and reform: Development and validation of a school-level assessment of climate, cultural pluralism, and school safety. Journal of Educational Psychology, 95(3), 570–588. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.95.3.570 Culp, A. M., Hubbs-Tait, L., Culp, R. E., & Starost, H.-J. (2000). Maternal Parenting Characteristics and School Involvement: Predictors of Kindergarten Cognitive Competence Among Head Start Children. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 15(1), 5–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/02568540009594772 Dearing, E., McCartney, K., Weiss, H. B., Kreider, H., & Simpkins, S. (2004). The promotive effects of family educational involvement for low-income children’s literacy. Journal of School Psychology, 42(6), 445–460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2004.07.002 Desforges, C., Abouchaar, A., Great Britain, & Department for Education and Skills. (2003). The impact of parental involvement, parental support and family education on pupil achievements and adjustment: A literature review. DfES. El Nokali, N. E., Bachman, H. J., & Votruba-Drzal, E. (2010). Parent Involvement and Children’s Academic and Social Development in Elementary School: Parent Involvement, Achievement, and Social Development. Child Development, 81(3), 988–1005. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01447.x Englund, M. M., Luckner, A. E., Whaley, G. J. L., & Egeland, B. (2004). Children’s Achievement in Early Elementary School: Longitudinal Effects of Parental Involvement, Expectations, and Quality of Assistance. Journal of Educational Psychology, 96(4), 723–730. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.96.4.723 Epstein, J. L. (Ed.). (2002). School, family, and community partnerships: Your handbook for action (2nd ed). Corwin Press. Fan, X. (2001). Parental Involvement and Students’ Academic Achievement: A Growth Modeling Analysis. The Journal of Experimental Education, 70(1), 27–61. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220970109599497 Fan, X., & Chen, M. (2001). Parental Involvement and Students’ Academic Achievement: A Meta-Analysis. Educational Psychology Review, 23. Georgiou, S. N., & Tourva, A. (2007). Parental attributions and parental involvement. 10. Gorski, P. (2008). The Myth of the Culture of Poverty. Educational Leadership, 65(7), 32–36. Hamre, B. K., & Pianta, R. C. (2005). Can Instructional and Emotional Support in the First-Grade Classroom Make a Difference for Children at Risk of School Failure? Child Development, 76(5), 949–967. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2005.00889.x Hill, N. E., & Taylor, L. C. (2004). Parental School Involvement and Children’s Academic Achievement: Pragmatics and Issues. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 13(4), 161–164. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0963-7214.2004.00298.x Hong, S., & Ho, H.-Z. (2005). Direct and Indirect Longitudinal Effects of Parental Involvement on Student Achievement: Second-Order Latent Growth Modeling Across Ethnic Groups. 11. Hornby, G., & Lafaele, R. (2011). Barriers to parental involvement in education: An explanatory model. Educational Review, 63(1), 37–52. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2010.488049 Hoy, W. K., Tarter, C. J., & Hoy, A. W. (2006). Academic Optimism of Schools: A Force for Student Achievement. American Educational Research Journal, 43(3), 425–446. https://doi.org/10.3102/00028312043003425 Jeynes, W.H. (2014). Parent involvement for urban youth and student of color. In Handbook of urban education (In H. R. Milner&K. Lomotey (Eds.)). NY: Routledge. Jeynes, William H. (2005). Effects of Parental Involvement and Family Structure on the Academic Achievement of Adolescents. Marriage & Family Review, 37(3), 99–116. https://doi.org/10.1300/J002v37n03_06 Jeynes, William H. (2007). The Relationship Between Parental Involvement and Urban Secondary School Student Academic Achievement: A Meta-Analysis. Urban Education, 42(1), 82–110. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085906293818 Kaplan, D. S., Liu, X., & Kaplan, H. B. (2010). Influence of Parents’ Self-Feelings and Expectations on Children’s Academic Performance. 12. Kuperminc, G. P., Leadbeater, B. J., & Blatt, S. J. (2001). School Social Climate and Individual Differences in Vulnerability to Psychopathology among Middle School Students. Journal of School Psychology, 39(2), 141–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4405(01)00059-0 Kutsyuruba, B., Klinger, D. A., & Hussain, A. (2015). Relationships among school climate, school safety, and student achievement and well-being: A review of the literature. Review of Education, 3(2), 103–135. https://doi.org/10.1002/rev3.3043 Long, H., & Pang, W. (2016). Family socioeconomic status, parental expectations, and adolescents’ academic achievements: A case of China. Educational Research and Evaluation, 22(5–6), 283–304. https://doi.org/10.1080/13803611.2016.1237369 Loukas, A. (2007). High-quality school climate is advantageous for all students and may be particularly beneficial for at-risk students. 3. Mattingly, D. J., Prislin, R., McKenzie, T. L., Rodriguez, J. L., & Kayzar, B. (2002). Evaluating Evaluations: The Case of Parent Involvement Programs. Review of Educational Research, 72(4), 549–576. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543072004549 McWayne, C., Hampton, V., Fantuzzo, J., Cohen, H. L., & Sekino, Y. (2004). A multivariate examination of parent involvement and the social and academic competencies of urban kindergarten children. Psychology in the Schools, 41(3), 363–377. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.10163 Miedel, W. T., & Reynolds, A. J. (1999). Parent Involvement in Early Intervention for Disadvantaged Children: Does It Matter? Journal of School Psychology, 24. N.A., A., S.A., H., A.R., A., L.N., C., & N, O. (2017). Parental Involvement in Learning Environment, Social Interaction, Communication, and Support Towards Children Excellence at School. Journal of Sustainable Development Education and Research, 1(1), 77. https://doi.org/10.17509/jsder.v1i1.6247 Poon, K. (2020). The impact of socioeconomic status on parental factors in promoting academic achievement in Chinese children. International Journal of Educational Development, 75, 102175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2020.102175 Porumbu, D., & Necşoi, D. V. (2013). Relationship between Parental Involvement/Attitude and Children’s School Achievements. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 76, 706–710. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.04.191 Potvin, R. D. P., & Leclerc, D. (1999). Family Characteristics as Predictors of School Achievement: Parental Involvement as a Mediator. MCGILLJOURNAL OF EDUCATION, 34(2), 19. Reynolds, A. J. (1991). Early Schooling of Children at Risk. 31. Reynolds, A. J. (1992). Comparing measures of parental involvement and their effects on academic achievement. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 7(3), 441–462. https://doi.org/10.1016/0885-2006(92)90031-S Reynolds, A. J., Ou, S.-R., & Topitzes, J. W. (2004). Paths of Effects of Early Childhood Intervention on Educational Attainment and Delinquency: A Confirmatory Analysis of the Chicago Child-Parent Centers. Child Development,75(5), 1299–1328. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00742.x Reynolds, A. J., Temple, J. A., Ou, S.-R., Arteaga, I. A., & White, B. A. B. (2011). School-Based Early Childhood Education and Age-28 Well-Being: Effects by Timing, Dosage, and Subgroups. 333, 6. Shute, V. J., Hansen, E. G., Underwood, J. S., & Razzouk, R. (2011). A Review of the Relationship between Parental Involvement and Secondary School Students’ Academic Achievement. Education Research International, 2011, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/915326 Simons-Morton, B. G., & Crump, A. D. (2003). Association of Parental Involvement and Social Competence with School Adjustment and Engagement Among Sixth Graders. 6. Steinberg, L., Lamborn, S. D., Dornbusch, S. M., & Darling, N. (1992). Impact of Parenting Practices on Adolescent Achievement: Authoritative Parenting, School Involvement, and Encouragement to Succeed. Child Development, 63(5), 1266. https://doi.org/10.2307/1131532 Sun, S., Hullman, G., & Wang, Y. (2011). Communicating in the multichannel age: Interpersonal communication motivation, interaction involvement and channel affinity. 9. Sy, S., & Schulenberg, J. (2005). Parent beliefs and children’s achievement trajectories during the transition to school in Asian American and European American families. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 29(6), 505–515. https://doi.org/10.1080/01650250500147329 Thapa, A., Cohen, J., Guffey, S., & Higgins-D’Alessandro, A. (2013). A Review of School Climate Research. 29. Turney, K., & Kao, G. (2009). Barriers to School Involvement: Are Immigrant Parents Disadvantaged? The Journal of Educational Research, 102(4), 257–271. https://doi.org/10.3200/JOER.102.4.257-271 Wong, S. W., & Hughes, J. N. (2006). Ethnicity and Language Contributions to Dimensions of Parent Involvement. School Psychology Review, 35(4), 645–662. https://doi.org/10.1080/02796015.2006.12087968

El objeto de este trabajo es el estudio del simbolismo de las aves en el ámbito tartésico y fenicio-púnico en la península ibérica durante el Bronce Final y el Hierro I. Se han recogido y analizado aquellas piezas con representaciones de aves, así como los restos orgánicos de éstas, si bien esto último no ha dado muchos frutos debido a las dificultades que existen tanto para su conservación como para la posterior identificación de especies. En total se han podido determinar ánades, gallos, palomas, flamencos, cisnes, lechuzas y halcones, todas ellas representadas en el Mediterráneo oriental y cuya iconografía se vincula al mundo funerario, al tránsito al Más Allá y a las divinidades. Gran parte de esa iconografía llegó a la península de mano de los fenicios, si bien su acogida y aceptación entre la población local fue variable. Palabras clave: aves, simbolismo, tartesios, fenicios, púnicosTopónimos: península ibéricaPeriodo: Hierro I. ABSTRACTThe aim of this paper is to study the symbolism of birds in Tartessian and Phoenician-Punic cultures within the Iberian Peninsula during the late Bronze and early Iron Age. To this end, items with any sort of symbolism connected with birds have been analysed. Organic remains have also been examined, although the latter did not make a relevant contribution to the study due to problems of conservation of the organic remains and subsequent identification of species. I have identified ducks, roosters, pigeons, flamingos, swans, owls and hawks, all located around the East Mediterranean basin and related to funerary contexts, the journey to the hereafter and deities. Most of this iconography reached the Iberian Peninsula via Phoenician culture, albeit its acceptance among the local population varied. Keywords: birds, symbolism, Tartesian, Phoenicians, PunicPlace names: Iberian PeninsulaPeriod: Iron Age REFERENCIASAlmagro Gorbea, M. J. (1986), Orfebrería fenicio-púnica, Madrid.Almagro Gorbea, M. (1977), El Bronce Final y el Periodo Orientalizante en Extremadura (Bibliotheca Praehistorica Hispana, 14), Madrid.— (dir.) (2008), La necrópolis de Medellín. II Estudio de los hallazgos, (Bibliotheca Archaeologica Hispana, 26-2), Madrid.Almagro Gorbea, M. y Torres, M. (2006), “Plástica sirio-fenicia en occidente: la sirena de Villaricos y el origen de la plástica ibérica”, Madrider Mitteilungen, 47, pp. 59-82.— (2009), “Los escarabeos fenicios de Portugal. Un estado de la cuestión”, Estudos Arqueológicos de Oeiras, 17, pp. 521-554.Akimova, L. I., Kunze, M. y V. Kästner, V. (1988), Die Welt der Etrusker. Archäeologische Denkmäler aus Museen der sozialististischen Länder, Berlin.Arnold, D. (1995), An Egyptian Bestiary, New York.Arruda, A. M. (2016), “À vol d´oiseau. Pássaros, passarinhos e passarocos na Idade do Ferro do Sul de Portugal”, en Terra e Água. Escolher sementes, invocar a Deusa. Estudos em homenagem a Victor S. Gonçalves, Lisboa, pp. 403-423.Aubet, M. E. (1978), “Los marfiles fenicios del Bajo Guadalquivir. I, Cruz del Negro”, Boletín del seminario de Arte y Arqueología, 44, pp. 15-88.— (1981-82), “Los marfiles fenicios del Bajo Guadalquivir (y III): Bencarrón, Santa Lucía y Setefilla”, Pyrenae, 17-18, pp. 231-287.Blázquez, J. M. (1983), Primitivas religiones ibéricas. Religiones prerromanas, Madrid.Blázquez, J. M. y Jordá, F. (1978), Historia del Arte Hispánico. I: La Antigüedad, Madrid.Blázquez, J. M., Luzón, J. M., Gómez, F. y Clauss, K. (1970), Las cerámicas del Cabezo de San Pedro (Huelva Arqueológica, 1), Madrid.Belén, M. y Escacena, J. L. (2002), “La imagen de la divinidad en el mundo tartésico”, en Ex oriente lux. Las religiones orientales antiguas en la península ibérica (Spal monografías, 21), Sevilla, pp. 159-184.Bendala, M. (1988), Los albores de Grecia. Historias del Viejo Mundo (Historia 16, 9), Madrid.Buero, M. (1984), “Los motivos naturalistas en la cerámica pintada del Bronce Final del suroeste peninsular”, Habis, 15, pp. 345-364.Carriazo, J. de M. (1969), “El cerro del Carambolo”, en Tartessos y sus problemas. V Symposium Internacional de Prehistoria Peninsular. Jerez de la Frontera. Barcelona, pp. 311-340.Celestino, S. y Blanco, J. L. (2006), “Edad del Hierro: Del Periodo Orientalizante al mundo prerromano”, en La joyería en los orígenes de Extremadura: el espejo de los dioses, Mérida, pp. 116-125.Celestino, S. y Salgado, J. A. (2007), “Fenicios e indígenas a través del tesoro de Aliseda”, en Las aguas primigenias. El Próximo Oriente Antiguo como fuente de civilización. Actas del IV Congreso Español de Antiguo Oriente Próximo (Zaragoza, 17 al 21 de octubre de 2006), Zaragoza, pp. 587-601.Celestino, S. y Rodríguez González, E. (2017), “De lo invisible a lo visible. La Transición entre el Bronce Final y la Primera Edad del Hierro en el valle medio del Guadiana”, en Territorios comparados: Los valles del Guadalquivir, el Tajo y el Guadiana en época tartésica (Anejos de AEspA, 80), Mérida, pp. 183-212.Coldstream, J. N. (2003), Geometric Greece, 900-700 BC, London-New York.Corzo, R. (1988), Los fenicios, señores del mar. Historias del Viejo Mundo (Historia 16, 8), Madrid.— (1991): Arte fenicio y púnico. Cuadernos de arte español (Historia 16, 9), Madrid.De Deus, M. y Correira, J. (2005), “Corte Margarida. Mais uma necrópole orientalizante no Baixo Alentejo”, en El Periodo Orientalizante. Actas del III Simposio Internacional de Arqueología de Mérida: Protohistoria del Mediterráneo Occidental, Mérida, pp. 615-618.Díez, F. (2017), “Cuerpos imaginarios: poder y descorporeización en el paso al más allá imaginado en las lécitos áticas de fondo blanco”, Res Publica, 20.3, pp. 493-506.Diogo, C. y Kesser, C. (2018), “The Iconography of Death: continuity and change in the Prothesis ritual through iconographical techniques, motifs, and gestures depicted in Greek pottery”, Classica, 31.1, pp. 61-87.Fantar, M. H. (1970), Eschatologie phénicienne et punique. Tunis.Fernández Flores, A. y Rodríguez Azogue, A. (2007), Tartessos desvelado. La colonización fenicia del suroeste peninsular y el origen y ocaso de Tartessos, Córdoba.Frankfort, H. (2010), Arte y arquitectura del Oriente Antiguo, Madrid.Garrido, J. P. (1970), Excavaciones en la necrópolis de “La Joya”, Huelva (1ª y 2ª campañas) (Excavaciones Arqueológicas en España, 71), Madrid.González Prats, A. (1983), Estudio arqueológico del poblamiento antiguo de la sierra de Crevillente (Alicante) (Anejos de la Revista Lucentum, 1), Alicante.Grosman, L. y Munro, N. D. (2016), “A Natufian ritual event”, Current Anthropology, 57.3, pp. 311-331.Guerrero, V. M. (1986), “El impacto de la colonización púnica en la cultura talayótica de Mallorca”, en Los Fenicios en la peninsula ibérica, Sabadell, pp. 339-375.Hachmann, R. (1983), Frühe Phöniker im Libanon. 20 Jahre deutsche Ausgrabungen in Kāmid el-Lōz. Mainz.Hernández Carrasquilla, F. y Jonsson, L. (1994), “Las aves”, en Castillo de doña Blanca. Archaeo-environmental investigations in the Bay of Cádiz, Spain (750-500 B.C.) (BAR International Series, 593), Oxford, pp. 81-90.Horn, F. (2005), “Les terres cuites d´origine orientale de la peninsule iberique (VIIIᵉ-VIᵉ s. av. J.-C.)”, en El Periodo Orientalizante. Actas del III Simposio Internacional de Arqueología de Mérida: Protohistoria del Mediterráneo Occidental (Anejos de AEspA, 35) vol 2. Mérida, pp. 1405-1415.Ikram, S. (2012), “An eternal aviary: Bird mummies from Ancient Egypt”, en Between heaven and Earth. Birds in Ancient Egypt (Oriental Institute Museum Publications, 35), Chicago, pp. 41-48.Jiménez Ávila, J. (2002), La toréutica orientalizante en la peninsula ibérica (Bibliotheca Archaeologica Hispana, 16), Madrid.Jiménez Guijarro, J., Sánchez Marco, A. y García Díez, M. (2011), “Nuevo examen de los grabados paleolíticos de El Pendo (Cantabria, España). Consideraciones sobre las aves del arte paleolítico de la península ibérica”, Trabajos de Prehistoria, 68.1, pp. 147-158.Karageorghis, V. y Des Gagniers, J. (1974), La Céramique Chypriote de Style Figuré. Âge du Fer (1050-500 AV. J.-C.) (Biblioteca di antichità cipriote, 2.1), Roma.Lacalle, R. (2019), Los símbolos de la Prehistoria. Mitos y creencias del Paleolítico Superior y del Megalitismo europeo, Córdoba.Le Meaux, H. (2010), L´iconographie orientalisante de la Péninsule Ibérique. Questions de styles et d´échanges (VIIIᵉ-VIᵉ siècles av. J.-C.) (Bibliothèque de la Casa de Velázquez, 47), Madrid.Liseau, C., Blasco, C., Ríos, P., Vega, J., Menduiña, R., Francisco, J., Baena, J., Herrera, T., Petri, A. y Gómez, J.L. (2008), “Un espacio compartido por vivos y muertos: el poblado calcolítico de fosos de Camino de las Yeseras (San Fernando de Henares, Madrid)”, Complutum, 19.1, pp. 97-120.López García, P., López Sáez, J. A. y Hernández, A. (2005), “El paleoambiente del suroeste peninsular en la protohistoria”, en El Periodo Orientalizante. Actas del III Simposio Internacional de Arqueología de Mérida: Protohistoria del Mediterráneo Occidental (Anejos de AEspA, 35) vol 1. Mérida, pp. 383-403.López Grande M. J. y Trello, J. (2001-2002), “Pervivencias iconográficas egipcias en las imágenes de damas sagradas del ámbito fenicio-púnico”, en Actas del II Congreso internacional de mundo púnico (Cartagena, 2000). El Mundo púnico: religión, antropología y cultura material, Murcia, pp. 337-352.Maluquer de Motes, J. (1958), Excavaciones Arqueológicas en el Cerro del Berrueco (Salamanca) (Acta Salamanticensia. Filosofía y Letras, XIV.1), Salamanca.— (1981), El santuario protohistórico de Zalamea de La Serena, Badajoz 1978-1981 (Programa de Investigaciones Protohistóricas, IV), Barcelona.— (1983), El santuario protohistórico de Zalamea de La Serena, Badajoz 1981-1982 (Programa de Investigaciones Protohistóricas, V), Barcelona.Marín, M. C. (2013), “La diosa astral ibérica y sus antecedentes orientales”, en Ritual, Religion and Reasons. Studies in the Ancient World in Honour of Paolo Xella, Münster, pp. 561-580.Marín, M. C. y Jiménez, A. M. (2014), Imagen y culto en la Iberia prerromana II. Nuevas lecturas sobre los pebeteros en forma de cabeza femenina (Spal Monografías, 18), SevillaMonge Soares, R., Baptista, L., Pinheiro, R., Rodrigues, L. y Vale, N. (2017), “A necrópole da I Idade do Ferro do Monte do Bolor 1-2 (São Brissos, Beja)”, en Sidereum Ana III. El río Guadiana y Tartessos, Mérida, pp. 263-301.Miguel Azcárraga, B. (2015), “Bronces púnicos en la isla de Ibiza”, en J. Jiménez (ed.), Phoenician Bronzes in Mediterranean (Bibliotheca Archaeologica Hispana, 45). Madrid, pp. 453-478.Miguel Naranjo, P. (2020), Definición y caracterización de las cerámicas a mano con decoración pintada del sur de la península ibérica en época tartésica. Oxford.Molina, F. (1986), “Almuñécar a la luz de los nuevos hallazgos fenicios”, en Los Fenicios en la peninsula ibérica. Sabadell, pp. 193-216.Moscati, S. (ed.) (1988), I Fenici. Milano.Murillo, J. F. (1994), La cultura tartésica en el Guadalquivir Medio (Ariadna, 13-14), Córdoba.Neri, S. (2010), Il tornio e il penello. Ceramica depurata di tradizione geometrica di época orientalizante in Etruria meridionale (Officina etruscologia, 2). Roma.Nauert, J. P. (1965), “The Hagia Triada sarcophagus. An iconographical study”, Antike Kunst, 8.2, pp. 91-98.Nicolás, J. C. (2017), “Gallos, labrys y campanillas, elementos simbólicos de la religión púnico-peninsular”, en El Oriente de Occidente. Fenicios y púnicos en el área ibérica. VIII edición del coloquio internacional del CEFYP en Alicante, Alicante, pp. 433-464.Olmos, R. y Fernández Miranda, M. (1987), “El timiaterio de Albacete”, Archivo Español de Arqueología, 60, pp. 211-219.Padró, J. (1981), “Las divinidades egipcias en la Hispania romana y sus precedentes”, Simposio de la religión romana en Hispania, Madrid, pp. 335-344.Pachón, J. A. y Carrasco, J. (2005), Las cerámicas polícromas orientalizantes y del Bronce Final desde la perspectiva granadina. Granada.Pellicer, M. (2007), La necrópolis Laurita (Almuñécar, Granada) en el contexto de la colonización fenicia (Cuadernos de Arqueología Mediterránea, 15), Barcelona.Perdigones, L., Muñoz, A. y Pisano, G. (1990), La necrópolis fenicio-púnica de Cádiz, (Studia Punica, 7), Roma.Pérez Blasco, M.F. (2012), “El kalathos del gallo: una decoración simbólica singular en un vaso de Lucentum”, MARQ. Arqueología y Museos, 5, pp.133-153.Peyras, J. (1999), Aspects de Hermès-Mercure dans l´Afrique Mineure, en J. Peyras y G. Tirologos (eds.). L´Afrique du Nord Antique. Cultures et paysages, Paris, pp. 127-150.Plaza, L. de la, Martínez, J. M. y Vaquero, J. I. (2019), Guía para identificar los personajes de la mitología clásica, Madrid.Prados, F. (2008), Arquitectura púnica. Los monumentos funerarios (Anejos de Archivo Español de Arqueología, 44), Madrid.Regoli, P. (1991), I brucuaprofumi a testa femminile dal Nuraghe Lugherras (Paulilatino) (Studia Punica, 8), Roma.Rodríguez Díaz, A., Pavón, I. y Duque, D. M. (2015), “El Tesoro de Aliseda: aproximación a su contexto arqueológico y a su tiempo histórico”, en El tiempo del Tesoro de La Aliseda. II. Aproximación a su contexto arqueológico, Cáceres, pp. 205-224.Rodríguez González, E. y Celestino, S. (2019), “Primeras evidencias de un banquete: análisis arquitectónico y material de la estancia S-1 del yacimiento de Casas del Turuñuelo (Guareña, Badajoz)”, Cuadernos de Prehistoria y Arqueología de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 45, pp. 179-202.Ruiz, L. A. (2004), “Appendice. El huevo de avestruz: símbolos, epigrafía y contextos culturales”, en Le uova di struzzo dipinte nella cultura punica (Bibliotheca Archaeologica Hispana, 22 Studia Hispano-Phoenicia, 3), Madrid, pp. 111-118.Russell, N. y McGowan, K. J. (2003), “Dance of the Cranes: Crane symbolism at Çatalhöyük and beyond”, Antiquity, 77.297, pp. 445-455.Salvador, R. M. y Pereira, J. (2017), “A Paisagem funerária a oeste de Beja no período orientalizante. As necrópoles de Carlota (São Brissos) e Cinco Reis 8 (Santiago Maior)”, en Sidereum Ana III. El río Guadiana y Tartessos, Mérida, pp. 333-352.Santos, F., Antunes, S., De Deus, M. y Grillo, C. (2017), “A Necrópole de Palhais (Beringel, Beja)”, en Sidereum Ana III. El río Guadiana y Tartessos, Mérida, pp. 227-261.Schmidt, K. (2010), “Göbekli Tepe- The Stone Age Sanctuaries. New results of ongoing excavations with a special focus on sculptures and high reliefs”, Documenta Praehistorica, 37, pp. 239-256.Schmitz, Ph. (2009), “The owl in Phoenician Mortuary practice”, JANER, 9.1, pp. 51-85.Soave, L. (2017), Simboli nell´arte. Breve guida per scoprire i significati nascoti nelle opere. Modena.Torres, M. (2002), Tartessos (Bibliotheca Archaeologica Hispana, 14), Madrid.— (2017), “El paisaje funerario en las necrópolis tartésicas”, en Arquitecturas funerarias y Memoria: la gestión de las necrópolis en Europa occidental (ss. X-III a. C.), Madrid, pp. 359-398.Townsend, E. (1974), Götterkult (Archaeologia Homerica, 3), Göttingen.Valero, M. A. (2005), “El mosaico del Cerro Gil. Iniesta, Cuenca”, en El Periodo Orientalizante. Actas del III Simposio Internacional de Arqueología de Mérida: Protohistoria del Mediterráneo Occidental (Anejos de AEspA, 35) vol 1. Mérida, pp. 619-634.Vaquero, A. (2012), “Los amuletos de la «Tumba Nº 5» de la necrópolis orientalizante de Les Casetes (Villajoyosa, Alicante)”, Lucentum, 31, pp. 91-114.Vives-Ferrándiz, J. (2007), “La vida social de la vajilla de bronce etrusca en el este de la península ibérica. Notas para un debate”, Revista d´Arqueología de Ponent, 16-17, pp. 318-342.VV.AA. (1979), Mer Égée. Gréce des Îles, Paris.

The influence of fertilization rate on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) nutrient partitioning and uptake efficiency of young, container-grown azalea (Rhododendron L. ‘Karen’) was determined under controlled greenhouse conditions during Spring 2001 and 2002. In 2001, fertilizer treatments included a factorial combination of two N (25 or 250 mg/week) and three P (0, 5, or 25 mg/week) rates; in 2002, an additional N rate (100 mg/week) was included in the experimental design. Five destructive harvests were performed during each study; plant tissues (root, stem, primary and secondary branches and leaves) from each harvest were analyzed to derive total N and P uptake. Leachates from containers were monitored and analyzed weekly to calculate nitrate (NO3-N), ammonium (NH4-N), and orthophosphate (PO4-P) loss. Fertilization rates of 5 mg P per week in 2001 and rates of 100 mg N per week and 5 mg P per week in 2002 maintained optimal growth compared with the highest fertilization rates (250 mg N and 25 mg P per week) in these studies. Increasing N fertilization rate largely promoted shoot growth, whereas decreasing N and P fertilization rates promoted root growth and increased uptake efficiency. In general, increasing N and P fertilization rates increased nutrient N and P leaching from the pine bark substrate. Reducing excess N and P fertilization to match plant growth requirements of young azalea increases nutrient uptake efficiency and reduces nutrient loss to the environment.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo refletir sobre a prosa de Conceição Evaristo, investigando a representação das diferenças, principalmente sociais e de gênero, na escrita de seus contos, por meio da busca e da valorização da ancestralidade africana. Palavras-chave: Identidade Africana. Ancestralidade. Literatura. Nação. Referências BARROS, José d’Assunção. A historiografia pós-moderna. Ler História, n. 61, 2011, p.147-167. Disponível em: <https://journals.openedition.org/lerhistoria/1655>. Acesso em: 27 abr. 2019. BHABHA, Homi K. O local da cultura. Belo Horizonte: UFMG, 1996. CÔRTES, Cristiane. Diálogos sobre escrevivência e silêncio. In: DUARTE, Constância Lima; CÔRTES, Cristiane; PEREIRA, Maria do Rosário A. (orgs). Escrevivências: identidade, gênero e violência na obra de Conceição Evaristo. Belo Horizonte: Idea, 2016. p. 51-60. EVARISTO, Conceição. Olhos d’água. Rio de Janeiro: Pallas, 2010. ______. Insubmissas lágrimas de mulheres. Belo Horizonte: Nandyala, 2011. ______. Ponciá Vicêncio. Belo Horizonte: Mazza, 2003. ______. História de leves enganos e parecenças. Rio de Janeiro: Malê, 2016. _____. Gênero e etnia: uma escre(vivência) da dupla face. In: MOREIRA, Nadilza Martins de Barros; SCHNEIDER, Diane (eds.). Mulheres no mundo, etnia, marginalidade e diáspora. João Pessoa: Ideia, 2005. p. 201-212. Disponível em: https://pt.scribd.com/document/177337990/Conceicao-Evaristo-Genero-e-etnia-uma-escre-vivencia-de-dupla-face. Acesso em: 20 abr. 2019. FOUCAULT, Michel. Microfísica do poder. Organização e tradução de Roberto Machado. Rio de Janeiro: Graal, 1979. GANDHI, Leela. Postcolonial theory: a critical introduction. New York: Columbia University,1998. GARUBA, Harry. Explorações do realismo animista: notas sobre a leitura e a escrita da literatura, cultura e sociedade africana. Tradução Elisângela da Silva Tarouco. Nonada: Letras em Revista, Porto Alegre, v. 2, n. 19, p. 235-256, out. 2012. Disponível em: http://www.redalyc.org/pdf/5124/512451673021.pdf. Acesso em: 02 dez. 2018. ______. Reflexões provisórias sobre o animismo, modernidade/colonialismo e a ordem africana do conhecimento. Tradução Alice Botelho Peixoto. CESPUC, n. 32, p. 123-131, jan./jun. 2018. Disponível em: http://periodicos.pucminas.br/index.php/cadernoscespuc/article/view/17021. Acesso em: 14 mar. 2019. HALL, Stuart. Que “negro” é esse na cultura negra? In: ______. Da diáspora: identidades e mediações culturais. Organização Liv Sovik. Tradução Adelaine La Guardia Resende et al. Belo Horizonte: UFMG; Brasília: Representação da UNESCO no Brasil, 2009. ______. A identidade cultural na pós-modernidade. 11. Ed. Tradução Tomaz Tadeu da Silva e Guacira Lopes Lobo. Rio de Janeiro: DP&A, 2006. JAMESON, Fredric. Pós-modernismo: a lógica cultural do capitalismo tardio. 2. ed. São Paulo: Ática, 1997. LIEBIG, Sueli Meira. “Escrevivências”: Evaristo e a subversão de gênero em Insubmissas lágrimas de mulheres. XII Colóquio Nacional Representações de gênero e sexualidades. 08 a 10 de junho de 2016, Campina Grande, PB. Disponível em: file:///C:/Users/Windows%2010/Downloads/TRABALHO_EV053_MD1_SA6_ID571_30042016200422.pdf. Acesso em: 16 fev. 2019. MOREIRA, Terezinha Taborda. Silêncio, trauma e escrita literária. In: DUARTE, Constância Lima; CÔRTES, Cristiane; PEREIRA, Maria do Rosário A. (orgs). Escrevivências: identidade, gênero e violência na obra de Conceição Evaristo. Belo Horizonte: Idea, 2016. p. 109-119. POLLAK, Michael. Memória e identidade social. Estudos Históricos. Rio de Janeiro, v. 5. n. 10, p. 200-212, 1992. Disponível em: http://www.pgedf.ufpr.br/memoria%20e%20identidadesocial%20A%20capraro%202.pdf. Acesso em: 09 maio 2019. PONCE, Eduardo Souza; GODOY, Maria Carolina de. Ancestralidade e identidade em “Olhos d’água” de Conceição Evaristo. Anais do VIII Colóquio de Estudos Literários. Ferreira Cláudia C.; Jacicarla S.; Brandini Laura T.(orgs). Londrina, 06 e 07 ago. 2014. p. 163-170. Disponível em: http://www.uel.br/eventos/estudosliterarios/pages/arquivos/Eduardo%20Ponce%20e%20Maria%20Carolina%20Godoy_Texto%20Completo.pdf. Acesso em: 18 abr. 2019. SAID, Edward. Cultura e imperialismo. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 1995. SILVA, Assunção de Mari Souza e. “E assim tudo se deu”: as histórias de leves enganos e parecenças. In: DUARTE, Constância Lima; CÔRTES, Cristiane; PEREIRA, Maria do Rosário A. (orgs). Escrevivências: identidade, gênero e violência na obra de Conceição Evaristo. Belo Horizonte: Idea, 2016. p. 295-306. SILVA, Franciane da Conceição. A presença da ancestralidade em narrativas de Conceição Evaristo e Mia Couto. Cadernos Cespuc, n. 32, jan. /jul. 2018. Disponível em: http://periodicos.pucminas.br/index.php/cadernoscespuc/article/view/16962/13446. Acesso em: 12 abr. 2019. SPIVAK, GayatriChakravorty. Pode o subalterno falar? Tradução Sandra Regina Goulart Almeida, Marcos Pereira Feitosa e André Pereira Feitosa. Belo Horizonte: UFMG, 2010.

In the long-term field trial on an arable dystric Stagnosols, winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and nitrate nitrogen (NO₃^&ndash;-N) in lysimeter water were compared under treatments of 0, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 kg/ha of mineral nitrogen (N) during the growth years 1996/97, 1999/00, 2002/03 and 2005/06. Year properties significantly influenced N availability resulting in different responses of grain yield and NUE under variable treatments. Grain yield showed strong significant correlation with the rainfall accumulated from March to May (r = 0.77). In the case of a dry year 2003, winter wheat yield and NUE were adversely influenced by unfavourable climatic conditions. The optimal response of yield and NUE to increasing mineral N rates was found at the amount of 150&ndash;200 kg N/ha. Very strong significant correlation between the total amount of leached NO₃^&ndash;-N and NUE was found for periods 1999/00 and 2005/06 where, in terms of increasing N levels, lower NUE conditioned higher NO₃^&ndash;-N leaching (r = 0.91 and r = 0.94, respectively). According to the shallow depth of groundwater and installation of drainage systems, there is still a risk of freshwater contamination by nitrates if the N rates higher than 200 kg/ha were applied.

In a three-year study carried out at the Debrecen-Pallagi nursery of the University of Debrecen, the nutrient contents, humus content and pH of the soil were determined in integrated and organic apple orchards established on brown forest soil with thin interstratified layers of colloid and sesquioxide accumulation. The organic orchard was only given organic manure (50 t/ha) in spring 2000 and 2002, while the integrated orchard was treated with 250 kg/ha complex NPK fertilizer (16.5-16.5-16.5) every year between 1997 and 2003 after the leaves had fallen. An additional 50 kg/ha N active agent as NH 4 NO 3 was applied every year, while 4 t/ha lime fertilizer (carbonation mud) was provided in autumn 2002 and 25 t/ha organic manure in November 2003. In 2004 no fertilizer was given to either orchard. The available forms of N (NO 3- , NH 4+ , organic N and total N) and P (ortho-, organic and total-PO 43- ) were determined after extraction with 0.01 M CaCl 2 , while the Ca, Mg and microelement (Mn, Cu, Zn) content of the soil was extracted with NH 4 -acetate +EDTA (Lakanen-Erviö extractant). Potassium was measured in both extractants. The results showed that the inorganic, organic and total soluble nitrogen in the soil were significantly higher (P = 0.05) in the integrated orchard than in the organic one. It was found that the quantity and ratio of the organic N fraction was comparable with that of the inorganic N forms. The ortho- phosphate and total P fractions were significantly higher (P = 0.05) in the integrated apple orchard than in the organic orchard, while there was no significant difference in the organic P quantity. The potassium data showed that both the integrated and organic orchards contained a satisfactory amount of adsorbed K in spite of the poor colloid content and high soil acidity. The Ca, Mg, Co and Zn contents of the integrated soils were significantly higher (P = 0.05) than in the organic orchard. For Mn, however, no substantial difference was found between the integrated and organic orchards. With the exception of Mn, the nutrient concentrations reflected the differences in the nutrient management of the integrated and organic apple orchards.

В статье рассматриваются вопросы датировки Остолоповского селища в Республике Татарстан. Селище располагалось в центральной части Волжской Булгарии и было связано с крупными городами этого государства. С 1955 г. оно разрушается Куйбышевским водохранилищем. Селище исследовалось в 1969 г. казанским археологом Т.А. Хлебниковой. Она считала, что селище возникло в Х в., возможно, в конце IX в. и существовало до XII в. В 1991 г. Е.П. Казаков высказал мнение, что это селище возникло не ранее второй половины Х в. Задача данной статьи – сделать заключение о времени возникновения этого селища. Для этого был использованы артефакты, собранные с 1980-х гг. и до 2000-х гг. из разрушенного культурного слоя, а также из раскопок на селище, которые проводил в 1997–2017 гг. К.А. Руденко. Были изучены предметы нескольких категорий. Это изделия из стекла, камня, железа и цветных металлов. Интересны стеклянные бусы, изготовленные на Ближнем Востоке, которые были распространены в Волжской Булгарии в XI–XII вв. Очень редкими являются находки на селище стеклянного перстня и браслета, датированные XI в., которые были изготовлены в Византии, миниатюрной подвески из лазурита этого же времени, а также фрагментов стеклянной лампы и парфюмерного стеклянного флакона, изготовленных в Сирии или Египте в XI–XII вв. Выявлены предметы, связанные с населением Прикамья – древними марийцами и удмуртами. Это предметы личной гигиены и украшения. Также были найдены арабские монеты Бувейхидов, выпущенных в конце Х – начале XI в. Кроме этого, найдено большое количество железных артефактов, связанных с аскизской археологической культурой Южной Сибири. Они датируются второй половиной XI в. – первой половиной XII в. Таким образом, анализ артефактов показал, что Остолоповское селище возникло не ранее конца Х в. Активно развивалось оно в XI – начале XII в. Библиографические ссылки Артамонова О.А. Могильник Саркела – Белой Вежи // Труды Волго-Донской археологической экспедиции. Том III / МИА. № 109 /Отв. ред. М.И. Артамонов. М.; Л.: Изд-во АН СССР, 1963. С. 5−215. Археологические памятники Центрального Закамья / Отв. ред. А.Х. Халиков. Казань: ИЯЛИ КФАН СССР, 1988. 98 с. Архипов Г.А. Марийцы XII–XIII вв. (к этнокультурной истории Поветлужья). Йошкар-Ола: Марийское книжное издательство, 1986. 115 с. Беговатов Е.А., Полубояринова М.Д. Восточные стеклянные лампы из Поволжья // РA. 2014. №1. С. 158–162. Белавин А.М., Крыласова Н.Б. Огурдинский могильник. Пермь: ПГГПУ, 2012. 259 с. Гайнуллин И.И., Дёмина Ю.В., Усманов Б.М. Опыт применения ГИС-технологий для оценки интенсивности разрушения археологических памятников в зоне влияния Куйбышевского водохранилища // КСИА. 2012. Вып. 226. С. 54−63. Голдина Е.В. Бусы могильников неволинской культуры (конец IV–IX вв.) // МИКВАЭ. Т. 6. Ижевск: Удмуртский государственный университет, 2010. 264 с. Голдина Р.Д., Королева О.П. Бусы средневековых могильников Верхнего Прикамья // Этнические процессы на Урале и в Сибири в первобытную эпоху / Отв. ред. В.Е. Владыкин. Ижевск: Удм. ун-т, 1983. С. 40–72. Доброва О.П. Стеклянные бусы Гнёздово по материалам раскопок Центрального городища // Гнёздовский археологический сборник. Материалы и исследования. Вып. 1 / Труды ГИМ. Вып. 210 / Отв. ред. С.Ю. Каинов. М.: ГИМ, 2018. С. 102−126. Журухина Е.Ю. Украшения из стекла: тенденции и проблемы исследования находок Киевского Подола // Стекло Восточной Европы с древности до начала ХХ века / Отв. ред. П.Г. Гайдуков, сост. Е.К. Столярова. М.: Нестор-История, 2015. С. 218−222. Захаров С.Д. Древнерусский город Белоозеро. М.: Индрик, 2004. 592 с. Иванова М.Г. Иднакар: Древнеудмуртское городище IX–XIII вв.: Монография. Ижевск: УИИЯЛ УрО РАН, 1998. 294 с. Иванова М.Г., Куликов К.И. Древнее искусство Удмуртии. Ижевск: УдмИИЯЛ УрО РАН, 2000. 216 с. Казаков Е.П. Булгарское село X–XIII веков низовий Камы. Казань: Татар. кн. изд-во, 1991. 176 с. Казаков Е.П. Об этнокультурных компонентах народов юго-восточной Европы в Волжской Болгарии (по археологическим материалам) // ТА. 1997. №1. С. 61–77. Крыласова Н.Б. Археология повседневности: материальная культура средневекового Предуралья. Пермь: ПГПУ, 2006. 352 с. Кызласов И.Л. Аскизская культура Южной Сибири X–XIV вв. // САИ. Вып. Е3-18. М.: Наука, 1983. 128 с. Леонтьев А.Е. Археология мери. К предыстории Северо-Восточной Руси. М.: Геоэко, 1996. 341 с. Мурашева В.В., Довгалюк Н.П., Фетисов А.А. Византийские импорты с территории пойменной части Гнездовского поселения // «Краеугольный камень». Археология, история, искусство, культура России и сопредельных стран. Т. 1 / Ред. Е.Н. Носов, С.В. Белецкий. СПб: Ломоносовъ, 2010. С. 512–536. Нигамаев А.З. Болгарские города Предкамья: Алабуга, Кирмень, Чаллы: Своеобразие материальной культуры населения. Казань: Изд-во Казанск. ун-та, 2005. 228 с. Никитина Т.Б. Погребальные памятники IX–XI вв. Ветлужско-Вятского междуречья // Археология Евразийских степей. Вып. 14. Казань: Отечество, 2012. 408 с. Полубояринова М.Д. Украшения из цветных камней Болгара и Золотой Орды. М.: ИА АН СССР, 1991. 112 с. Путешествие ибн Фадлана: Волжский путь от Багдада до Булгара. Каталог выставки. М.: Издательский дом Марджани, 2016. 560 с. Руденко К.А. Тюркский мир и Волго-Камье в XI–XIV вв.: Изделия аскизского круга в Среднем Поволжье. Казань: Заман, 2001. 256 с. Руденко К.А. Волжская Булгария в системе торговых путей средневековья (по материалам раскопок Речного (Остолоповского) селища в Алексеевском районе Татарстана) // Великий Волжский путь: история формирования и развития. Материалы круглого стола / Отв. ред. М.А. Усманов Часть II, Казань: ИИ АН РТ, 2002. С. 31−52. Руденко К.А. О некоторых итогах исследования Остолоповского селища в Алексеевском районе Республики Татарстан // Поволжская археология. 2012. №2. С. 123 – 145. Руденко К.А. Украшения из лазурита XI - XIII вв. из Волжской Булгарии и древности Сибири // Древности Сибири и Центральной Азии. 2014. № 7(19). С. 224−244. Руденко К.А. О защитном вооружении булгарского воина XI в. (по материалам булгарского селища (Остолоповского) у с. Речное) // Военная археология. Вып.3 / Отв. ред. О.В. Двуреченский. М.; Тула: МедиаМир; Куликово поле, 2014а. С. 47−54. Руденко К.А. Исследования VI Алексеевского и Мурзихинского селищ в Татарстане в 1992–1996 г. Казань: Издательский дом «Казанская недвижимость», 2015. 400 с. Руденко К.А. Стратиграфия Остолоповского селища XI – XII вв. в Алексеевском районе Татарстана // Археология Евразийских степей. 2017. №1. С. 296–319. Руденко К.А. Новые данные о булгарских жилищах домонгольского времени (по материалам Остолоповского селища в Татарстане // Археология Евразийских степей. 2019. №6. С. 95−110 https://doi.org/10.244.11/2587-6112-2019-00082. Седова М.В. Ювелирные изделия древнего Новгорода (Х−XV вв.). М.: Наука, 1981. 196 с. Старая Ладога − древняя столица Руси. Каталог выставки / Науч. ред. Б.С. Короткевич. СПб.: Изд-во ГЭ, 2003. 190 с. Старостин П.Н. Раннее поселение на правом берегу Малого Иерусалимского оврага в Болгарах // Археология Волжской Булгарии: проблемы, поиски, решения / Отв. ред. Ф.Ш. Хузин. Казань: ИЯЛИ КФАН СССР, 1993. С. 53–63. Столярова Е.К. Стеклянные украшения булгарских селищ низовий Камы // Древности Поволжья: эпоха средневековья (исследования культурного наследия Волжской Булгарии и Золотой Орды) / Отв. ред. К.А. Руденко. Казань: Школа, 2005. С. 43–66. Столярова Е.К. Стеклянный сосуд из раскопок Остолоповского селища // Материалы Лихачевских чтений Национального музея РТ. Казань: ООО ИПЦ «Экспресс-формат», 2008. С. 272–277. Фехнер М.В. Предметы косторезного производства // Ярославское Поволжье X–XI вв. по материалам Тимеревского, Михайловского и Петровского могильников / Отв. ред. А.П. Смирнов.М.: ГИМ, 1963. С. 39–42. Хлебникова Т.А. Отчет о работах Отряда археологической экспедиции по исследованию болгарских поселений зоны Куйбышевского водохранилища в 1969 году. Казань, 1970 г. / Архив ИА РАН. Р-I. №3919. 75 л. Хлебникова Т.А. Некоторые итоги исследования булгарских памятников нижнего Прикамья // СА. 1974. № 1. С. 58–68. Хлебникова Т.А., Казаков Е.П. К археологической карте ранней Волжской Болгарии на территории ТАССР // Из археологии Волго-Камья / Отв. ред. А.Х. Халиков. Казань: ИЯЛИ КФАН СССР, 1976. С. 109–136. Энговатова А.В., Коваль В.Ю., Зоц Е.П., Столярова Е.К., Сарачева Т.Г. Мякининские курганы. Мякининский археологический комплекс в Подмосковье / Материалы спасательных археологических исследований. Т. 21. М.: ИА РАН, 2018. 344 с. Carboni S. Glass from Islamic Lands. The al-Sabah Collection, Dar al-Athar al-Islamiyyah, Kuwait National Museum. L.: Thames & Hudson, 2001. 416 p. Carboni S., Waitehouse D. Glass of the Sultans. N.-Y.: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2002. 330 p. Kröger Jens Nishapur. Glass of th Early Islamic Period. N.-Y.: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1995. 258 p.